专题01 动词的时态和语态（专题专练）（含小卷抢分练）（天津专用）2027年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题01 动词的时态和语态 考点对标练 考点01 一般现在时与一般过去时 考点02 一般将来时和过去将来时 考点03 现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时 考点04 现成完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时 考点05 各时态被动语态 考点06 主动形式表达被动含义 创新考向练 新情境 王虹斩获菲尔兹奖，创造历史突破 小卷抢分练 考点01 一般现在时与一般过去时 1.This is the only one of students ________ the truth. A．that knows B．that know C．which knows D．which know 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是唯一一个知道真相的学生。“_______the truth.” 是定语从句，先行词是the only one，指人，在从句中作主语。当先行词被“the only”修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，所以排除C、D选项。结合is可知句子陈述事实用一般现在时，又因为“the only one”表示单数概念，所以从句中的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式knows。故选A。 2.The importance of promoting Kunqu Opera among younger audiences ________ be overstated, since it ensures that this intangible heritage ________ alive and relevant in modern society. A．can; remains B．might; will remain C．can’t; remains D．must; will remain 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：在年轻观众中推广昆曲的重要性怎么强调都不过分，因为这确保了这一非物质遗产在现代社会中依然充满活力并具有相关性。由句意可知，在年轻观众中推广昆曲是非常重要的，can’t be overstated表示“怎么强调都不为过”，符合句意；remain表示“保持”，由主句谓语动词ensures和句意可知，从句应用一般现在时，表示客观事实。故选C。 3．（25-26高三上·天津静海·期中）—What’s the secret of her performing such an eye-catching performance on the stage? —She _________ dancing for eight hours every day. A．had practised B．have practised C．practises D．is practising 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——她在舞台上表演出如此引人注目的演出的秘诀是什么？——她每天练习跳舞8小时。根据for eight hours every day可知，这里表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作，用一般现在时。故填practises。 4．（25-26高三下·天津·阶段检测）The idea sounded strange at first, but it ________ popular among students soon after the program was introduced. A．has become B．had become C．became D．becomes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个想法起初听起来很奇怪，但在该项目推出后不久，它就在学生中变得受欢迎了。根据句中的谓语动词sounded和时间状语从句中的was introduced可知，整个句子描述的是过去发生的事情，空格处也应使用一般过去时。 5.Despite facing numerous setbacks in the initial phase of the project, our team________ unwavering in our commitment to the goal, and we finally achieved a breakthrough last month. A．remained B．has remained C．would remain D．was remaining 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管在项目初期面临诸多挫折，但我们团队对目标的承诺始终坚定不移，上个月我们终于取得了突破。根据“we finally achieved a breakthrough last month”可知，描述的是过去发生的事情，且“尽管在项目初期面临诸多挫折”和“我们团队对目标的承诺始终坚定不移”是同时发生的，因此空处也应用一般过去时。 6.—I heard all but the best man ________ at the church on time. He got stuck in the traffic jam. — But he made it just before the vows. Anyway, all ________ well that ends well! A．were; is B．were; was C．is; is D．was; are 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：——我听说除了伴郎之外所有人都准时到了教堂，他堵车了。——但他刚好在宣誓前赶到了。不管怎样，结局好，一切都好！第一空，主语是 all，指代所有人，是复数，but the best man 是插入语，不影响主语单复数，根据“heard”和“got stuck”可知，使用一般过去时，所以用were；第二空，这是英语谚语：All is well that ends well.（结局好，一切都好。），这里all被视为整体单数，且谚语用一般现在时，故用is。故选A。 考点02 一般将来时和过去将来时 1．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Either you or James ________ as manager of the sales department when Mr. White retires next month, so you should try your best to do your job well. A．are to be appointed B．is to be appointed C．are appointed D．is appointed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下个月怀特先生退休时，要么你要么詹姆斯将被任命为销售部门经理，所以你应该尽力把工作做好。either...or...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与离它最近的主语James保持一致，所以谓语动词用单数形式，排除are相关选项。根据next month可知，这里表示将来的动作，且James与appoint之间是被动关系，即“被任命”，be to do sth.可表将来，is to be appointed符合将来被动的结构。 2．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）The research team ________ tirelessly on this project for the past three months, and they believe they ________ a major breakthrough very soon. A．has worked; are making B．has been working; are about to make C．is working; are making D．had been working; are about to make 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究团队过去三个月一直在不懈努力开展这个项目，他们相信很快就要取得重大突破。根据“for the past three months”可知，第一空的动作从过去开始发生持续到现在，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；根据“very soon”可知，第二空的动作几乎马上要发生，应用一般将来时的be about to do。故选B。 3．（25-26高三上·天津武清·阶段检测）The earlier you ________ the new environment, the greater progress you ________. A．will adjust to; will go B．adapt to; go C．adjust to; will make D．adapt to; will have made 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和短语辨析。句意：你越早适应新环境，你就会取得越大的进步。“adjust to”和“adapt to”都有“适应”的意思，都可以使用。取得巨大进步用固定短语make great progress，本句是“the +比较级，the+比较级”的结构，前半句为条件，所以本句可遵循主将从现的原则，前半句为一般现在时，后半句为一般将来时，故选C。 4．（26-27高三上·天津·开学考试）In a room above the store, where a party _______, some workers were busily setting the table. A．will be held B．has been held C．was to be held D．is being held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在商店上方的一个房间里，工人们正忙着摆放餐具，那里即将举行一场派对。根据主句谓语动词“were busily setting”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，且工人们当时正在摆放餐具，说明派对还未开始，即在过去的将来要举行，故从句应使用过去将来时；同时，从句主语“a party”与动词“hold”之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。“was/were to be done”可表示过去将来时的被动语态。 5．（25-26高三上·天津滨海新区·阶段检测）He asked for my forgiveness and promised that he ________ things right. A．made B．had made C．will make D．would make 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：他请求我的原谅，并承诺他会把事情处理好。这句话描述的是过去发生的情景：他请求原谅，并 承诺（过去承诺）将来会改正。在英语中，当主句谓语动词是过去式（asked, promised）时，从句中表示“将来”的动作需使用 过去将来时（would + 动词原形） 来保持时态一致。故选D。 6．（24-25高三上·天津北辰·阶段检测）Our air-conditioners __________ well, but decades of years ago, no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they ___________. A．sell; were to have B．are sold; were having C．sell; have had D．are sold; had had 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们的空调卖得很好，但是几十年前没有人能想到它们会有这么大的市场份额。 sell这个词在表达“销售”或“卖出”的含义时，通常没有被动形式；第二空根据“decades of years ago, no one could have imagined”可知，此处表示过去将来发生的事情，应该用过去将来时。故选A项。 考点03 现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时 1．（25-26高三上·天津西青·期末）Group work, along with class discussions, ________  students learn more effectively these days. A．is helping B．are helping C．was helping D．were helping 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：小组合作以及课堂讨论如今正帮助学生们更有效地学习。分析句子可知，主语是 Group work（小组合作），属于不可数名词短语。句中的along with class discussions（以及课堂讨论）是伴随状语，用来补充说明主语，不影响主语的单复数。遵循“就远原则”—— 谓语动词的单复数由距离它最远的核心主语决定，因此谓语动词要用单数形式。句末的时间状语 these days（如今、现在）是现在进行时的标志，用来表示当前一段时间内正在发生的动作。故选A项。 2.At the ongoing campus technology competition, many a student ________ innovative solutions to global energy challenges. A．are presenting B．was presenting C．is presenting D．were presenting 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在正在进行的校园技术竞赛中，许多学生都在提出针对全球能源问题的创新解决方案。根据上文At the ongoing campus technology competition可知为现在进行时，且短语 many a + 单数可数名词表示“许多”，但谓语动词必须使用单数形式。故选C。 3.Nowadays, emojis ________ an integral component of the language we use to express ourselves. A．was becoming B．are becoming C．had become D．becomes 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：如今，表情符号正逐渐成为我们用来表达自我的一种不可或缺的语言元素。句中nowadays表示动作现在正在进行中，故使用现在进行时are coming。故选B。 4.The committee members ________ the annual performance in the studio when the power suddenly went off, leaving the entire room in darkness. A．discussed B．were discussing C．had discussed D．have discussed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：委员会成员正在演播室讨论年度工作成效，这时突然断电，整个房间陷入一片黑暗。“was/were doing sth....when...”是固定句型，意为“正在做某事，这时突然发生某事”，主句谓语动词discuss用过去进行时态，主语The committee members为复数，谓语动词用复数形式were discussing。 5.The flight attendant reminded all passengers to power down their electronic devices, for the plane ________. A．took off B．was taking off C．will take off D．had taken off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：空乘人员提醒所有乘客关闭电子设备，因为飞机即将起飞。空处在句中作原因状语分句的谓语，前一个分句的谓语reminded是一般过去时，was/were + doing为过去进行时的构成，可以表示过去即将发生的动作，常用于位置移动类动词，the plane was taking off表示“飞机马上要起飞”，符合语境。 6．（2026·天津·三模）— Fortunately, you didn’t disturb me yesterday afternoon. — Really? Why? — Only my deskmate besides me ________ the key points of the coming exam when you knocked at the door. A．were reviewing B．was reviewing C．reviewed D．had reviewed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——幸运的是，你昨天下午没有打扰到我。——真的吗？为什么？——当你敲门的时候，除了我之外，只有我的同桌正在复习即将到来的考试的重点。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句“when you knocked at the door”可知，此处表示在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，主句应用过去进行时；同时，当主语后跟有besides, with, as well as等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语保持一致（就远原则）。本句的主语是“my deskmate”，为第三人称单数形式，be动词用was。 7．（2026·天津红桥·三模）At this time tomorrow evening, we dinner at a restaurant in the city center. A．had B．have had C．would have D．will be having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明晚这个时候，我们将在市中心的一家餐厅吃晚饭。根据句中的时间状语“At this time tomorrow evening(明晚这个时候)”可知，此处表示在将来某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时，其谓语动词结构为“will be doing”。 8．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Please don’t disturb Mr. Brown between 3:00 and 5:00 this afternoon, because he ________ an important client then. A．will meet B．will be meeting C．is meeting D．has been meeting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请不要在今天下午3点到5点之间打扰布朗先生，因为那时他将正在会见一位重要客户。meet(会见)作从句谓语，根据时间状语‌“between 3:00 and 5:00 this afternoon”和‌“then”可知，此处强调的是将来某一特定时间段内正在进行的动作，应使用将来进行时态will be meeting。 9．（2026·天津·一模）In the coming decades, people _________ more on alternative energy to run essential devices. A．would rely B．have been relying C．are relying D．will be relying 【答案】D 【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：在未来几十年里，人们将更多地依靠替代能源来驱动各类重要设备。动词rely在句中作谓语，根据时间状语In the coming decades(在未来几十年里)可知，句子在表达对将来的状态的预测，可使用一般将来时或将来进行时。故选D项。 考点04 现成完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时 1.Hello! This is Kidd. I’m phoning to postpone the appointment I ________ with Prof. Tony for a face-to-face consultation until next Monday. A．will be making B．had made C．have made D．would make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：您好！我是基德。我打电话是为了推迟我和托尼教授约定的面对面咨询，改到下周一。此处定语从句动作make发生在打电话之前，对现在造成影响（现在要推迟预约），使用现在完成时，其主语为第一人称I，所以谓语动词为have made。 2.He is one of the volunteer teachers who ________ in the remote mountain schools since 2022, and he is the only one of them who ________ awarded the provincial honour so far. A．has worked; have been B．has worked; has been C．have worked; have been D．have worked; has been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他是自2022年以来在偏远山区学校任教的志愿者教师之一，也是迄今为止唯一获得省级荣誉的教师。第一空定语从句的先行词是the volunteer teachers，为复数概念，have worked在从句中作谓语，与复数先行词保持一致，且since 2022提示用现在完成时；第二空定语从句的先行词是the only one，为单数概念，has been（现在完成时的被动形式）在从句中作谓语，与单数先行词保持一致，so far提示用现在完成时。 3.The famous scientist, along with his team members, ________ a breakthrough in cancer treatment over the past five years. A．has made B．have made C．was making D．are making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在过去的五年里，这位著名的科学家和他的团队成员在癌症治疗方面取得了突破。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知，句子应用现在完成时；句中主语“The famous scientist”为第三人称单数，当主语后跟有“along with...”等介词短语时，谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语保持一致，故谓语动词需用单数形式。 4．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）In the memory test conducted at Nankai University, volunteers were asked to recall the words they ______ right before the task began. A．had just memorized B．were just memorizing C．just memorized D．have just memorized 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在南开大学开展的记忆测试中，志愿者被要求回忆他们在测试任务开始前刚刚记住的单词。由before可知，memorize发生的动作在从句谓语began之前，表示动作发生在过去的动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，谓语用had just memorized。故选A。 5．（2026·天津南开·三模）For years, the scientist that his theory would eventually be proven, and now, with the latest experimental data, it finally . A．had maintained; has been B．maintained; is C．has maintained; had been D．had been maintained; is 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：多年来，这位科学家始终坚信他的理论终将被证实；如今，随着最新的实验数据出炉，它终于得到了证实。句中的时间线索是for years和now；科学家“坚持自己的理论会被证实”这个动作，是发生在“现在被证实”之前的、持续了多年的过去动作，句子中没有表示过去的动作，用一般过去时表示过去多年的坚持，因此填maintained；now是现在时的标志词，强调“现在理论被证实了”，用一般现在时，承前省略的“proven”。故选B。 6．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期中）Recognising how each finch species was perfectly adapted to its specific food source, Darwin suspected that they _________ from a common ancestor. A．evolved B．had evolved C．were evolving D．have evolved 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：认识到每种雀鸟都完美适应了其特定的食物来源，达尔文推测它们是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的。“进化”这一动作发生在“推测”之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had evolved。故选B项。 7．（2026·天津河北·二模）Driven by innate curiosity, Tu Youyou, along with other scientists,________ scientific breakthroughs for decades, with no end in sight. A．has been pursued B．has been pursuing C．have been pursued D．have been pursuing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在与生俱来的好奇心驱使下，屠呦呦和其他科学家几十年来一直在追求科学突破，而且看不到尽头。句子主语是Tu Youyou；along with other scientists是伴随状语，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，排除have相关选项。根据for decades及with no end in sight可知，动作从过去持续到现在且还在进行，应用现在完成进行时，has been pursuing符合要求。 8．（2026·天津红桥·一模）—You haven’t got the tickets for the concert. —I know, and we ______ to get some for the last five weeks. A．had tried B．will be trying C．have been trying D．were trying 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你们还没有拿到音乐会的票。——我知道，在过去的五个星期里，我们一直在努力弄到一些。根据句中时间状语for the last five weeks可知，句子描述的是从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并可能还将继续下去的动作，所以时态应用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been+现在分词”，句子主语为we，所以助动词用have，故选C。 9．（25-26高三上·天津·期末）—Wow, your garden is blooming so brilliantly — what’s your secret? —I ____ these plants every morning for the past two months. A．was tending to B．tended to C．have been tending to D．am tending to 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：——哇，你花园里的花开得这么灿烂——你的秘诀是什么？——在过去的两个月里，我每天早上都在照料这些植物。for the past two months是for+时间段的时间状语，要和现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，A项是过去进行时，B项是一般过去时，D项是现在进行时，不符合题干要求，排除ABD。C项是现在完成进行时，强调“照料植物”这个动作从过去两个月前开始，每天都在做，持续到现在，且正是这个持续的动作让花园里的花开得灿烂。故选C。 考点05 各时态被动语态 1．（2026·天津武清·模拟预测）Once the traditional local culture _________ effectively in public communities, more young people will develop a strong sense of cultural identity. A．promotes B．is promoted C．will promote D．will be promoted 【答案】B 【详解】考句意：一旦传统的地方文化在公共社区得到有效推广，更多的年轻人将会培养出强烈的文化认同感。Once引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句使用了一般将来时（will develop），从句应使用一般现在时表将来。同时，从句主语the traditional local culture与动词promote（推广）之间是被动关系，需使用一般现在时的被动语态。 2．（2026·天津·模拟预测）Not only many ancient Chinese poems but also the classic novel Dream of the Red Chamber __________ to be translated into dozens of foreign languages so far, and great cultural significance __________ to them by people all over the world. A．have been proved; is attached B．has been proved; are attached C．have been proved; are attached D．has been proved; is attached 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：不仅许多中国古代诗歌，就连经典小说《红楼梦》也已被证实已被翻译成数十种外语，而且它们在全世界范围内都具有极高的文化价值，受到人们的广泛重视。第一空主语与谓语构成被动关系，且Not only...but also... 谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近的是 Dream of the Red Chamber（单数），所以第一空用 has been proved；第二空attach great significance to sth.表示“认为…… 有重要意义”，此处为被动关系，主语是 significance（不可数 / 单数），用 is attached。故选D。 3．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Currently, an AI system for medical diagnosis ___ by research teams worldwide, aiming to assist doctors in detecting diseases earlier. A．developed B．is being developed C．has developed D．had been developed 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：目前，全球的研究团队正在开发一种用于医学诊断的人工智能系统，旨在帮助医生更早地检测疾病。根据时间状语Currently可知，句子用现在进行时；且主语an AI system for medical diagnosis与develop之间是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are being done”；主语为单数，be动词用is，谓语用is being developed。故选B。 4．（2026·天津·一模）— Lily, could I use your camera? Mine ________. — No problem. I’ll bring it to you tomorrow. A．was repaired B．is being repaired C．has been repaired D．had been repaired 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——莉莉，我能用一下你的相机吗？我的相机正在维修。——没问题，我明天带给你。主语Mine指代my camera，与repair是被动关系，且根据语境，相机“正在被维修”，需用现在进行时的被动语态is being repaired；was repaired是一般过去时的被动语态（表示过去被修，现在已修好），has been repaired是现在完成时的被动语态（表示已经修好），had been repaired是过去完成时的被动语态（表示过去的过去被修），均不符合“现在无法使用、需要借相机”的语境，故选B。 5．（26-27高三上·天津和平·开学考试）The group leader, as well as dozens of team members, ________ by the judges after the competition concluded last Saturday. A．is praised B．are praised C．was praised D．were praised 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周六比赛结束后，组长以及几十名队员受到了评委们的表扬。当主语后面带有as well as, together with, along with等词组时，谓语动词的单复数由前面的主语决定。本句中前面的主语The group leader为单数，故谓语动词应使用单数形式。根据时间状语last Saturday可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时；且主语与动词praise之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。因此，空格处应填入一般过去时的单数被动形式was praised。 6．（25-26高三上·江苏无锡·期末）Several pages were found ________when the book ________me. A．missing, returned B．gone, was returned to C．lost, was returned D．disappeared, was returned to 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词辨析与被动语态。句意：当这本书被归还给我时，发现有几页不见了。根据“Several pages were found _______ ”可知，这里考查find sth. adj，表“发现某东西怎么样”，为固定用法，此处可用missing/gone/lost表示“丢失的、不见的”，disappeared一般不作形容词使用；第二空中，the book和return是被动关系，要用被动语态，且return sth. to sb. 变为被动后是sth. be returned to sb.，且这里时态为一般过去时，因此was returned to符合结构，故选B项。 7．（2026·天津·二模）The entire sequence of events, as described by the three witnesses, ________ together gradually by the inspector. A．was being pieced B．have been pieced C．were pieced D．has pieced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：正如三名目击者所描述的那样，整个事件的经过正被探长逐渐拼凑起来。设空处为主句谓语，主语“The entire sequence”与动词短语“piece ... together”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，需使用被动语态， 且描述过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时的被动语态。 8．（25-26高二上·天津西青·期末）When the firemen rushed into the building, some trapped passengers ________ to the windows by thick smoke. A．have been pushed B．were pushing C．have pushed D．were being pushed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当消防队员冲进大楼时，一些被困乘客正被浓烟逼到了窗边。主语some trapped passengers与push之间是被动关系，用被动语态；根据时间状语从句When the firemen rushed into the building可知，当消防员冲进大楼时，一些被困的乘客正被浓烟逼到窗户，用过去进行时的被动语态，谓语用were being pushed。故选D。 9.________ twice, the plan ________ carefully before the school officially carries it out. A．Having discussed; will check B．Discussed; will be checked C．Having been discussed; will be checked D．To discuss; is checked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个计划已经被讨论了两次，在学校正式实施之前，它将被仔细检查。第一空考查非谓语动词，句子的逻辑主语the plan与动词discuss之间为被动关系，且“讨论”这一动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，故使用现在分词的完成被动式having been discussed作状语；第二空考查动词的时态和语态，主语the plan与动词check之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语从句before the school officially carries it out（一般现在时表将来）可知，主句应使用一般将来时的被动语态will be checked。 10．（2026·天津·一模）These folk tales which feature stories passed down through generations _________ into an animated (动画的) series next year. A．has been adapted B．are to be adapted C．have adapted D．is being adapted 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：这些以世代相传故事为特色的民间故事将于明年被改编成动画系列。主语These folk tales与动词adapt是被动关系，需用被动语态；时间状语next year表示将来，需用将来时态，be to be done结构可表示按计划、安排将要发生的被动动作，故选B。 11．（2026·天津和平·二模）In the banquet hall, where a wedding ________, some of the groom’s friends were busy welcoming the guests. A．will be held B．was holding C．was to be held D．had held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在即将举办婚礼的宴会厅里，新郎的一些朋友正忙着迎接宾客。此处wedding与hold为被动关系，排除B、D；主句为一般过去时，空格表示过去将来的动作，be to do可表计划将要发生的事，所以谓语动词为was to be held。 12.So far, more than twenty AI reading corners ________ up in our school’s classrooms. A．have been set B．have set C．had been set D．were set 【答案】A 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们学校的教室里已经建立了二十多个AI阅读角。根据句中的时间状语So far可知，句子应使用现在完成时。同时，主语more than twenty AI reading corners与动词短语set up之间是被动关系，需使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，用have been set。 13.The new technology ________ to farming so far, which helps increase agricultural production. A．has applied B．was applied C．is applying D．has been applied 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这项新技术已经被应用于农业，这有助于增加农业产量。句中时间状语“so far”（到目前为止）常与现在完成时连用，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在或对现在造成影响。且主语“The new technology”与动词“apply”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即技术“被应用”，用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用has been applied。 14.She was shocked to find that the research paper she ________ for months ________ by a hacker before she could submit it to the journal. A．has been writing; stole B．had been writing; had been stolen C．has written; was stolen D．wrote; has been stolen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她震惊地发现，自己花了数月时间撰写的论文在提交到期刊之前，已被一名黑客盗走。由for months和was shocked可知，第一空用过去完成进行时had been writing表示一个从过去的过去开始，一直进行的动作；由第二空后的by和was shocked可知，第二空用过去完成时的被动语态had been stolen，表示在过去的过去之前已经完成的被动动作。 15．（2026·天津·二模）— Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning? — But I _______ anything about that. A．didn’t tell B．haven’t been told C．haven’t told D．hadn’t been told 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你今天早上为什么没参加会议？——但是没人告诉我关于那件事的任何信息。主语I和动词tell之间是被动关系，表示“被告知”，故应用被动语态；同时，“没有被告知”这一动作发生在“今天早上没有参加会议（didn't attend）”之前，属于“过去的过去”，因此需要使用过去完成时的被动语态。 16.It is believed that by 2032, the importance of bilingual education _______ widely in the educational system. A．will be recognized B．has been recognized C．will have been recognized D．will recognize 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人们认为到2032年，双语教育的重要性将会在教育体系中得到广泛认可。根据时间标志by 2032可知，句子需用将来完成时；主语the importance和recognize是被动关系，使用被动语态，即will have been recognized。 17．（2026·天津南开·一模）It is believed that by 2030, the importance of bilingual education ________ widely in the educational system. A．will recognize B．will have been recognized C．recognized D．was recognized 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：人们认为，到2030年，双语教育的重要性将在教育体系中得到广泛认可。recognize(认可)是从句谓语动词，与主语“the importance of bilingual education”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“by 2030”可知，描述将来某一时间前已经完成的动作，应用将来完成时的被动语态。故选B项。 18.The damaged sculpture _______ during transit despite the protective packaging. A．must have been mishandled B．should mishandle C．ought to be mishandling D．could mishandle 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表示推测及被动语态。句意：尽管有保护性包装，受损的雕塑在运输过程中一定被不当处理了。mishandle是个动词，意思是“处理不当”，它和主语sculpture之间应该是被动关系，由此可直接得出正确选项是A项，其余选项均为主动语态。must have done表示对过去的肯定推测，意思是“一定……”，符合题意。故选A项。 19．（2022·天津河北·二模）—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed. —I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here. A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我想知道为什么罗伯特还没有出现在采访中。 如果他错过了，那就太可惜了。 ——我不确定，但他可能是在这里骑车时被堵车了。A. could be stuck可能堵车了；B. should be stuck应该堵车了；C. must have been stuck一定是堵车了；D. might have been stuck可能堵车了。此处表示对于过去已经发生的事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，且根据句意可知，应用被动语态，故选D项。 20．（2021·天津河北·一模）Water ________ to our planet during the first two million years after the birth of the solar system, a study has found. A．might be brought B．may have been brought C．could be brought D．should have been brought 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词和语态。句意：一项研究发现，水可能是在太阳系诞生后的头两百万年被带到我们的星球上的。A. might be brought情态动词might加被动语态一般式； B. may have been brought 情态动词may加被动语态的完成时； C. could be brought 情态动词can加被动语态一般式； D. should have been brought情态动词should加被动语态的完成时。对于地球上水的起源的研究都是依据某些线索进行推测，没有确切的答案，情态动词表推测may            和might较为合适；对过去情况的推测应使用情态动词+ 完成时have done，主语water和谓语动词bring为被动关系。故选B项。 考点05 主动形式表达被动含义 1．（2025·天津和平·二模）Sheep have been so changed by breeding that their wild ancestors are hard ________. A．identifying B．being identified C．to identify D．to be identified 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：绵羊已经被驯化得与它们的野生祖先大不相同了，以至于很难辨认出它们。此处为固定句型：主语+be+adj.+to do，表示“做某事是……的”，identify与逻辑主语their wild ancestors构成被动关系，使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。故选C。 2．（2022·天津·一模）— What do you think of your journey to the seaside town? — Everything is very fantastic, especially its fresh air, which is pleasant ________. A．breathed B．being breathed C．to be breathed D．to breathe 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：——你觉得你去海滨小镇的旅行怎么样？——一切都很美妙，尤其是它的新鲜空气，呼吸起来很舒服。which引导非限制性定语从句指代先行词its fresh air，sth. be adj. + to do，breathe用动词不定式（to do）主动形式表被动形式。故选D项。 3.He couldn’t be the person ________ since he was the only one absent from work that day. A．blamed B．to be blamed C．blaming D．to blame 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不应该受到责备，因为那天只有他一个人没来上班。blame作后置定语，修饰名词the person，用不定式to blame，意为“该受责备；应该负责”，主动形式表示被动含义。故选D项。 4.As far as I am concerned, this idea is well worth________. A．to be considered B．considered C．being considered D．considering 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，这个想法很值得考虑。分析句子结构可知，be worth doing sth.值得做某事，接动名词时，通常用主动形式表达被动含义。故选D项。 5.These chairs may look good, but they’re very uncomfortable ______. A．to sit on B．to be sat on C．sit on D．sitting on 【答案】A 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这些椅子看起来不错，但它们坐起来非常不舒服。根据句子结构，此处考查be +adj+to do，形容词后的不定式作状语，句子的主语是其逻辑宾语，不定式用主动表被动，主语they可以执行这个sit on动作，故to sit on符合题意，故选A。 新情境 王虹斩获菲尔兹奖，创造历史突破 一．语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Chinese mathematicians Deng Yu and Wang Hong were awarded the Fields Medals at the 2026 International Congress of Mathematicians on Thursday, 1 marked the first time that Chinese mathematicians had won the prestigious honor. The Fields Medal is 2 top international mathematics prize awarded every four years 3 two to four young researchers under the age of 40 in 4 (recognize) of their 5 (remark) mathematical achievements and their promise of future achievement. At the opening ceremony of the congress, 6 (hold) at the Pennsylvania Convention Center, the International Mathematical Union announced that Deng won the medal for his work in partial differential equations (PDEs), while Wang won the medal for her work in harmonic analysis and geometric measure theory. Deng and Wang have become the first Chinese mathematicians 7 (receive) the Fields Medal, with Wang also 8 (become) only the third woman ever to win the prestigious award. The two both entered Peking University in 2007 9 took different paths. Wang transferred from geophysics to mathematics in her sophomore year, while Deng 10 (admit) after winning a gold medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). 【答案】1．which 2．the 3．to 4．recognition 5．remarkable 6．held 7．to receive 8．becoming 9．but 10．was admitted 【导语】本文主要介绍中国数学家邓煜、王虹在2026年国际数学家大会上斩获菲尔兹奖这一重大成就，介绍菲尔兹奖以及两位数学家的求学经历。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：中国数学家邓煜和王虹于周四在2026年国际数学家大会上被授予菲尔兹奖，这标志着中国数学家首次获得这项极具声望的荣誉。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。 2．考查冠词。句意：菲尔兹奖是国际顶级数学奖项，每四年颁发给2至4名40岁以下青年研究者，以表彰他们卓越的数学成就以及未来的发展潜力。此处修饰名词top international mathematics prize，top为形容词最高级，前面要用定冠词the。 3．考查介词。句意：菲尔兹奖是国际顶级数学奖项，每四年颁发给2至4名40岁以下青年研究者，以表彰他们卓越的数学成就以及未来的发展潜力。固定搭配award sth. to sb.意为“把某物颁发给某人”，被动结构为sth. be awarded to sb.，所以此处为介词to。 4．考查名词。句意：菲尔兹奖是国际顶级数学奖项，每四年颁发给2至4名40岁以下青年研究者，以表彰他们卓越的数学成就以及未来的发展潜力。固定搭配in recognition of意为“表彰，为酬谢”，介词in后面接名词，recognize是动词，其名词形式recognition意为“认可，表彰”。 5．考查形容词。句意：菲尔兹奖是国际顶级数学奖项，每四年颁发给2至4名40岁以下青年研究者，以表彰他们卓越的数学成就以及未来的发展潜力。此处修饰名词achievements，要用形容词形式，remark的形容词remarkable意为“卓越的，显著的”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在于宾夕法尼亚会议中心举办的大会开幕式上，国际数学联盟宣布邓煜凭借其在偏微分方程领域的研究成果获得该奖项，而王虹凭借其在调和分析与几何测度论领域的研究成果获得该奖项。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，hold与逻辑主语the opening ceremony之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词held。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：邓煜和王虹成为首批获得菲尔兹奖的中国数学家，同时王虹也成为史上第三位获此重磅奖项的女性。名词被序数词the first修饰时，后面常用不定式作后置定语，所以此处为to receive。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：邓煜和王虹成为首批获得菲尔兹奖的中国数学家，同时王虹也成为史上第三位获此重磅奖项的女性。此处为with复合结构，become与逻辑主语Wang之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词becoming。 9．考查并列连词。句意：两人均于2007年进入北京大学，但选择了不同的发展道路，王虹在大二从地球物理专业转入数学专业，而邓煜是在国际数学奥林匹克竞赛获得金牌后被录取。前后两个分句存在转折关系，所以此处为并列连词but。 10．考查动词语态。句意：两人均于2007年进入北京大学，但选择了不同的发展道路，王虹在大二从地球物理专业转入数学专业，而邓煜是在国际数学奥林匹克竞赛获得金牌后被录取。此处为谓语动词，主语Deng和admit之间为被动关系，叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，所以谓语动词为was admitted。 二．完形填空 Gifted in mathematics from an early age, Wang Hong showed extraordinary intellectual talent in her childhood. At the age of five or six, she was deeply 1 by math puzzles in textbooks. The 2 of solving problems developed her genuine love for mathematics. Having self-studied the entire primary-school courses, she skipped several grades, and 3 from countless students to enter Peking University at the young age of sixteen. Although she was initially (最初) 4 to the geophysics department, Wang Hong never gave up her mathematical 5 . Firm and determined, she spared no effort to prepare for department transfer and successfully passed Peking University’s extremely demanding 6 . Faced with difficult and profound (渊博的) university mathematics, she explored effective systematic learning methods and bravely 7 various academic barriers. After graduation, she pursued 8 studies in France and the United States and held 9 positions at world-famous universities. To broaden her horizons, she also took internships (实习) in architecture and painting, hoping to find another creative passion. 10 , she found architecture creation was limited by external factors, while mathematics offered pure, free and 11 creative space, which strengthened her 12 to focus on mathematical research. With constant 13 and continuous efforts, Wang Hong cooperated with international scholars to 14 the century-old Kakeya conjecture (挂谷猜想), for which she was 15 the Fields Medal in 2026, proving that sincere love and persistent perseverance can lead to outstanding academic achievements. 1．A．attracted B．confused C．shocked D．moved 2．A．stress B．joy C．fear D．pain 3．A．set out B．ran out C．stood out D．came out 4．A．committed B．appointed C．appealed D．admitted 5．A．dream B．genius C．fantasy D．vision 6．A．competition B．judgement C．assessment D．identification 7．A．accepted B．overcame C．avoided D．ignored 8．A．practical B．formal C．detailed D．further 9．A．part-time B．academic C．medical D．theoretical 10．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Meanwhile 11．A．rewarding B．incredible C．independent D．relevant 12．A．inspiration B．ambition C．willingness D．determination 13．A．passion B．curiosity C．confidence D．patience 14．A．analyze B．attack C．solve D．examine 15．A．achieved B．selected C．offered D．awarded 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了王虹自幼极具数学天赋，年少考入北大，克服困难转系学数学，海外深造后攻克挂谷猜想，斩获菲尔兹奖。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：五、六岁时，她便深深被课本中的数学谜题所吸引。A. attracted吸引，使着迷； B. confused使困惑；C. shocked使震惊；D. moved使感动。根据上文“Gifted in mathematics from an early age, Wang Hong showed extraordinary intellectual talent in her childhood.”可知，王虹从小有数学天赋，因此她五六岁时被课本中的数学谜题深深吸引。 2．考查名词。句意：解题的乐趣培养了她对数学的真正热爱。A. stress压力；B. joy乐趣，快乐；C. fear恐惧；D. pain痛苦。根据下文“developed her genuine love for mathematics”可知，能催生热爱的必然是解题带来的正向感受。 3．考查动词短语。句意：她自学了整个小学课程，跳过了几个年级，从无数学生中脱颖而出，在16岁的时候进入了北京大学。A. set out出发，着手做；B. ran out用完，耗尽；C. stood out脱颖而出，突出；D. came out出版，出现。根据上文“Having self-studied the entire primary-school courses”和下文“enter Peking University at the young age of sixteen”可知，她自学完小学全部课程、连跳几级并在16岁考入北大，说明她在无数学生中表现格外突出。 4．考查动词。句意：尽管最初被录取到地球物理系，王虹从未放弃自己的数学梦想。A. committed致力于；B. appointed任命，委派；C. appealed吸引，呼吁；D. admitted录取，准许进入。根据下文“to the geophysics department”可知，本句讲她最初被地球物理系录取，下文才提及转专业。 5．考查名词。句意：尽管最初被录取到地球物理系，王虹从未放弃自己的数学梦想。A. dream梦想；B. genius天赋；C. fantasy空想，幻想；D. vision视野，愿景。根据句首 Although表转折以及上文“Wang Hong never gave up her…”可知，尽管被非数学专业录取，但她从未放弃自己的数学梦想。 6．考查名词。句意：她意志坚定，全力以赴准备转系，并成功通过了北京大学极为严苛的考核。A. competition比赛，竞争；B. judgement判断，评判；C. assessment考核，评估；D. identification识别，身份证明。根据上文“Firm and determined, she spared no effort to prepare for department transfer”可知，她全力准备转系，此处指她通过了北大要求极高的考核。 7．考查动词。句意：面对大学里艰深复杂的数学知识，她探索出高效系统的学习方法，勇敢克服了重重学术难关。A. accepted接受；B. overcame克服； C. avoided避免；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“she explored effective systematic learning methods”以及下文“various academic barriers”可知，她探索出高效系统的学习方法，勇敢克服了重重学术难关。 8．考查形容词。句意：毕业后，她先后赴法国和美国深造，并在世界著名大学担任学术职务。A. practical实际的； B. formal正式的；C. detailed详细的；D. further进一步的，深造的。根据下文“studies in France and the United States”可知，她先后赴法国和美国深造。 9．考查形容词。句意：毕业后，她先后赴法国和美国深造，并在世界著名大学担任学术职务。A. part-time兼职的； B. academic学术的，教学的； C. medical医疗的；D. theoretical理论的。根据下文“positions at world-famous universities”可知，她在世界著名大学担任学术职务。 10．考查副词。句意：然而，她发现建筑创作受限于外部因素，而数学则提供了纯粹、自由且独立的创造空间，这增强了她专注于数学研究的决心。A. Nevertheless然而，尽管如此；B. Moreover此外，而且； C. Therefore因此；D. Meanwhile同时。上文“she also took internships (实习) in architecture and painting”说她去建筑、绘画领域实习，想寻找其他创作热爱；下文“she found architecture creation was limited by external factors”指出建筑受外界因素限制，数学才更纯粹。前后语义为转折关系，因此用表转折的副词Nevertheless。 11．考查形容词。句意：然而，她发现建筑创作受限于外部因素，而数学则提供了纯粹、自由且独立的创造空间，这增强了她专注于数学研究的决心。A. rewarding有回报的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. independent独立的，不受约束的；D. relevant相关的。根据上文“mathematics offered pure, free and…”可知，空格与pure，free并列，共同修饰创作空间；同时与前文建筑“limited by external factors”形成反义对应，即数学提供的是纯粹、自由、不受外界约束的独立创作空间。 12．考查名词。句意：然而，她发现建筑创作受限于外部因素，而数学则提供了纯粹、自由且独立的创造空间，这增强了她专注于数学研究的决心。A. inspiration灵感；B. ambition抱负，野心； C. willingness意愿；D. determination决心。根据下文“to focus on mathematical research”可知，本句指对比之后，她更坚定了专注数学研究的决心。 13．考查名词。句意：凭借持续的热情与不懈的努力，王虹与国际学者合作解决了这一百年难题——挂谷猜想，并于2026年获得菲尔兹奖，证明了真挚的热爱与坚持不懈的努力能够成就卓越的学术成果。A. passion热爱，热情； B. curiosity好奇心；C. confidence信心；D. patience耐心。根据下文“continuous efforts”以及结尾处“sincere love and persistent perseverance”可知，凭借持续的热情与不懈的努力，王虹与国际学者合作解决了这一百年难题。 14．考查动词。句意：凭借持续的热情与不懈的努力，王虹与国际学者合作解决了这一百年难题——挂谷猜想，并于2026年获得菲尔兹奖，证明了真挚的热爱与坚持不懈的努力能够成就卓越的学术成果。A. analyze分析；B. attack攻击，着手研究； C. solve解决，攻克；D. examine检验，检查。根据下文“the century-old Kakeya conjecture (挂谷猜想)”可知，王虹与国际学者合作解决了这一百年难题——挂谷猜想。 15．考查动词。句意：凭借持续的热情与不懈的努力，王虹与国际学者合作解决了这一百年难题——挂谷猜想，并于2026年获得菲尔兹奖，证明了真挚的热爱与坚持不懈的努力能够成就卓越的学术成果。A. achieved实现，获得； B. selected挑选；C. offered提供；D. awarded授予，颁发。根据下文“the Fields Medal in 2026”可知，王虹于2026年获得菲尔兹奖。 （满分：50分，建议用时：30分钟） 一、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．I knew I couldn’t disturb her at 9:00 last night, because she _________ for her exam. A．had studied B．would study C．studied D．had been studying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我知道昨晚9点我不能打扰她，因为她那时一直在为考试学习。结合前面的“at 9:00 last night”可知，空处描述的是昨晚9点之前一直在进行，且直到9点仍在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性，应用过去完成进行时。 2．—Who did you run into today in the subway? —It was an old friend of my brother’s, whose name ________ me for the moment. A．had escaped B．escaped C．escapes D．has escaped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你今天在地铁里碰见谁了？——是我哥哥的一位老朋友，我一时想不起他的名字了。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文的did和was可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。 3．She looked at the old house one last time; the childhood she ________ so fiercely existed now only in memory. A．has defended B．would defend C．had defended D．defended 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她最后看了一眼那座老房子；她曾经如此强烈捍卫的童年，现在只存在于记忆中了。“she ________ so fiercel”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the childhood。主句谓语动词existed为一般过去时，而捍卫defend这一动作发生在existed之前，表示“过去的过去”，因此定语从句的谓语动词需使用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。 4．We ______ enormous problems recently with ants in the kitchen. We just can’t get rid of them. A．were having B．had C．have had D．had had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最近我们厨房里遇到了严重的蚂蚁问题。我们就是无法摆脱它们。句中带有时间状语recently（最近），且后半句“We just can’t get rid of them.”使用的是一般现在时，说明厨房里有蚂蚁这个问题从过去发生并一直持续到现在，对现在依然有影响，因此空格处应使用现在完成时。 5．Whenever I visited my grandparents, I _________ spend hours helping them in the garden, enjoying the peace and quiet. A．must B．would C．should D．might 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：每当我去看望祖父母时，我总会花上几个小时在花园里帮他们干活，享受那份宁静。would在这里表示过去常常、习惯性地做某事，对应句子里 “每次去看望祖父母时，总会花几小时帮忙” 的过去习惯性动作。must：必须、一定（不符合语境）；should：应该（表建议或责任，不表示过去习惯）；might：可能（语气不确定，与句意不符）均不符合语境。故选B。 6．The number of applications for the science club ________ significantly since the opening of the new lab. A．are growing B．is growing C．have grown D．has grown 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：自从新实验室开放以来，科学俱乐部的申请人数大幅增加。此处为谓语动词，since引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时，the number of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，谓语动词为has grown。故选D项。 7．The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词时态。句意：这句话批评的是任何未能找出根本原因且在解决根本问题方面效果不佳的方法。recreation娱乐，consequence后果，approach方法，commitment承诺，投入，忠诚。根据that fails to identify the root cause可知，这里表示“方法”用approach；that引导限制性定语从句，第二空与fails并列作谓语，prove为系动词，无被动语态，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语approach为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式proves。故选C。 8．The employee you had been thinking highly __________ dishonest in handling the company’s data security. A．of proving B．of proved C．of to prove D．of being proved 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语及动词时态。句意：你一直很看重的那个员工在处理公司数据安全方面被证明是不诚实的。固定短语think highly of sb.表示“看重某人”，“you had been thinking highly_____”为定语从句，先行词为The employee，关系词在从句中作think highly of的宾语。prove“证明”这一动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式proved。故选B。 9．—I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college? —Yes. I ______ English for four years in Nanjing University. A．have studied B．studied C．had studied D．is studying 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——我好久没见到你了。你大学毕业了吗？—是的。我在南京大学学习英语已经四年了。根据回答中的Yes.可知已经毕业，此处是陈述过去的事实用一般过去时，故选B。 10．I French for 3 years after I graduated from university, which helped me secure a good job in Paris. A．have studied B．have been studying C．had studied D．studied 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我大学毕业后学了三年法语，这帮我在巴黎找到了一份好工作。根据“after I graduated from university”可知，“学习法语”是大学毕业后过去某段时间内完成的动作，不持续到现在，应用一般过去时。故填D。 11．In the last few years, thousands of films ________ all over the world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，世界各地已经制作了数千部电影。“In the last few years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，主语thousands of films是复数形式，且与动词produce之间是被动关系，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态have been produced。 12．More than one student in our class ________ chosen to participate in the international exchange program so far. A．have been B．has been C．are D．is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们班不止一名学生被选中参加国际交流项目。根据句中的时间状语so far可知，句子应使用现在完成时。“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时，虽然意义上表示复数（不止一个），但谓语动词需遵循语法一致原则，使用单数形式。因此，助动词应用has。 13．Over the past few months, a series of online lectures on career planning ________ to help Senior Three students make better future choices. A．are offered B．were offered C．have been offered D．had been offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：过去数月，一系列职业规划线上讲座陆续开展，助力高三学生更好地规划未来方向。句中带有时间状语Over the past few months，该时间状语通常与现在完成时连用。同时，主语a series of online lectures与动词offer之间是被动关系，因此需要使用现在完成时的被动语态have been offered。 14．The community project that local volunteers designed last month ______ by residents for its great benefits. A．are being praised B．has been praised C．has praised D．have been praised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当地志愿者上个月设计的社区项目因其巨大的益处而受到了居民们的赞扬。空格处是主句的谓语动词，句子的主语是The community project，为单数第三人称，谓语动词需用单数形式；主语The community project与动词praise之间是被动关系，而“被赞扬”的动作是从过去持续到现在，且对现在有影响，因此用现在完成时的被动语态“has been praised”。 15．By 8 p.m. yesterday, I was exhausted because all the housework ______ for the family gathering that evening. A．was finished B．would be finished C．has been finished D．had been finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到昨晚八点时我已经筋疲力尽，因为为当晚家庭聚会准备的所有家务都已经做完了。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“By 8 p.m. yesterday”可知，此处表示过去的过去，所以使用过去完成时，且housework和finish是被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。 16．By the time the concert kicked off, all the instruments________ perfectly. A．have adjusted B．had adjusted C．have been adjusted D．had been adjusted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到音乐会开始的时候，所有乐器都已调试好。By the time引导时间状语从句，从句the concert kicked off是一般过去时，主句动作adjust the instruments发生在“音乐会开始”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，且主语all the instruments和adjust之间是被动关系，使用被动语态。 17．All the housework ______ before my mother arrived at home last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．has been finished D．had been finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨晚我妈妈到家之前，所有的家务活都已经做完了。空处为主句谓语，before引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时，主句家务活完成的动作发生在从句妈妈到家之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。主句主语All the housework与finish之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，应填had been finished。 18．The most delicious cake in the world ________ by Mom. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. A．makes B．is made C．is going to make D．is being made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：妈妈此刻正在制作全世界最美味的蛋糕，请等一小时就可以享用了。由后句“请等一小时再享用”可知，蛋糕此刻正在被制作，需用现在进行时的被动语态。 19．The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：河上那座历史悠久的木桥因严重侵蚀已经关闭一年多了，但最新报告称修复工作正在进行，下个月将重新开放。第一空根据时间状语“for over a year”可知，此处用现在完成时，bridge与close是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用has been closed；第二空表示现阶段正在进行的动作，结合“and will reopen next month”可知，此处用现在进行时，谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以第二空为is progressing。故选A项。 20．One day I came home and found that a present ______ on the desk: a book called The Art of Procrastination. A．has been left B．was leaving C．had been left D．had left 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：有一天我回到家，发现桌上留了一份礼物：一本名为《拖延的艺术》的书。分析句子结构可知，found为谓语动词，其后是由that引导的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句中，a present与leave之间是被动关系，即礼物是被留下的，所以要用被动语态；同时leave这个动作发生在found之前，found是一般过去时，那么leave就是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，过去完成时的被动语态结构是“had + been + 过去分词”。故选C。 二、单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．He (work) on this grammar research project for nearly two years, and he will continue to polish his paper next term. 【答案】has been working 【详解】句意：他从事这项语法研究项目已经将近两年了，下学期他还会继续打磨他的论文。句中时间标志词for nearly two years表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，后半句he will continue to polish his paper next term表明该动作仍将继续，符合现在完成进行时的用法；主语He是第三人称单数，现在完成进行时结构为has been + 现在分词，work的现在分词为working。 2．He (publish) two short articles about environmental protection last term. 【答案】published 【详解】句意：上学期他发表了两篇关于环境保护的短文。publish(发表)作谓语，结合时间状语“last term”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时态，publish的过去式为published。 3．She (hope) to join the city volunteer team ever since she took part in her first public welfare activity. 【答案】has hoped 【详解】句意：自从参加了第一次公益活动，她就一直希望加入市志愿者团队。根据时间状语从句 ever since she took part in her first public welfare activity可知，主句使用现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。 4．She (study) in this key high school since she moved to this city three years ago. 【答案】has studied 【详解】句意：自从她三年前搬到这座城市以来，她一直在这所重点高中学习。study(学习)作主句谓语，根据时间状语从句“since she moved to this city three years ago”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语She是第三人称单数，谓语用单数形式has studied。 5．By the time we arrived at the lecture hall, the famous professor (already start) his speech on career planning. 【答案】had already started 【详解】句意：当我们到达报告厅时，这位知名教授已经开始了他关于职业规划的演讲。根据时间状语By the time we arrived at the lecture hall可知，主句使用过去完成时，空处需填had already started。 6．You have to make sure you (not) turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot. 【答案】don’t 【详解】句意：你务必不要一次翻两页，并且在需要退回正确位置时找到乐曲中的反复段落。make sure后面接宾语从句，从句主语是you，括号给词not，从句谓语turn是实义动词原形，一般现在时的否定要借助助动词do + not = don’t。 7．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system (break) down. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：他不得不不时停下来擦去额上的汗水，因为空调系统出了故障。空处为从句谓语，根据主句谓语had可知为一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。 8．Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting (will) happen. 【答案】would 【详解】句意：凯文叹了口气，希望会有令人兴奋的事情发生。hoped为一般过去时，宾语从句表示从过去看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时would。 9．I (continue) to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. 【答案】continued 【详解】句意：多年来我始终保持着用铅笔做这些标记的习惯，上大学时，我也把那本词典装进了行李箱。根据后面的动词went和packed可知空格处是谈论的过去的事情，故填continue的过去时continued。 10．Over the decades, Reisley (open) his doors to visitors. 【答案】has opened 【详解】句意：几十年来，赖斯利一直向游客敞开大门。根据“Over the decades”可知，应用现在完成时；主语Reisley为第三人称单数，助动词用has，open的过去分词为opened。 11．The old classroom building (rebuild) now, so we will have our group discussion in the library. 【答案】is being rebuilt 【详解】句意：旧教学楼目前正在重建，所以我们将在图书馆进行小组讨论。由now可知，时态用现在进行时，旧教学楼被重建，因此空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，主语The old classroom building是单数，因此空格处填is being rebuilt。 12．If you keep practicing, your reading ability (great improve) in the coming months. 【答案】will be greatly improved 【详解】句意：如果你继续练习，你的阅读能力在未来几个月内会显著提高。ability和improve之间为被动关系，由in the coming months可知，时态是一般将来时，因此空格处用一般将来时的被动语态，用副词greatly修饰动词improve，因此空格处是will be greatly improved。 13．It is reported that new methods of error sorting (apply) to Senior Three review in recent months. 【答案】have been applied 【详解】句意：据报道，近几个月来新的错题分类方法已经被应用到高三复习当中。此空考查谓语动词，时间状语in recent months是现在完成时的标志；主语new methods of error sorting和apply之间是被动关系，主语为复数，所以应填have been applied。 14．Having finished the task, he was glad to see that his suggestions (accept) by the whole group. 【答案】had been accepted 【详解】句意：完成任务后，他很高兴看到他的建议被整个小组采纳了。此空考查谓语动词，宾语从句主语his suggestions和accept之间是被动关系；主句为一般过去时，“建议被采纳”发生在was glad之前，用过去完成时的被动语态，所以应填had been accepted。 15．The students felt upset because their carefully prepared presentation (cancel) for some unknown reason. 【答案】was cancelled/was canceled 【详解】句意：学生们感到沮丧，因为他们精心准备的展示由于某些未知原因被取消了。此处为原因状语从句的谓语，主语presentation与cancel之间是被动关系；主句为一般过去时，从句描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时被动语态，主语是单数，所以be为was，cancel的过去分词为cancelled/canceled。 16．By the time we arrived, the rules of the grammar competition (already introduce) by the host. 【答案】had already been introduced 【详解】句意：在我们到达的时候，主持人已经把语法竞赛的规则介绍完毕。此处作从句谓语，by the time+过去时间，主句使用过去完成时，主语the rules和introduce为被动关系，所以此处使用过去完成时被动语态，结构为“had been+过去分词”，already置于had been之间，所以此处为had already been introduced。 17．Many students got nervous when they knew their performance (assess) in the coming mock exam. 【答案】would be assessed 【详解】句意：当得知他们的表现将在即将到来的模拟考试中被评定时，许多学生变得紧张。此处是宾语从句的谓语，主句为一般过去时，in the coming mock exam表示从过去视角看将来，主语their performance和assess是被动关系，用过去将来时的被动语态，所以谓语动词为would be assessed。 18．So far, lots of typical exercises (select) for our grammar revision. 【答案】have been selected 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们已经为我们的语法复习挑选了许多典型的练习题。句首的So far是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成了影响；同时，主语lots of typical exercises与动词select之间为被动关系，即练习题是被挑选的，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been + 过去分词。主语中心词exercises为复数，助动词用have，select的过去分词为selected。 19．Look! The key knowledge points (mark) on the blackboard by the teacher. 【答案】are being marked 【详解】句意：看！重点知识点正被老师标注在黑板上。句子主语The key knowledge points和mark之间是被动关系；Look提示动作正在发生，要用现在进行时的被动语态，结构：am/is/are + being + 过去分词。主语为复数，be动词用are，mark的过去分词是marked。 20．Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program (launch) last March. 【答案】was launched 【详解】句意：自去年三月该计划启动以来，骑行者已印刷了近2万篇短篇小说和诗歌。since引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时，program和launch之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the program是单数，因此空格处是was launched。 三、句子翻译（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1．网购有风险，下单需谨慎。(exist)(汉译英) 【答案】Risks exist in online shopping, so we should be cautious when placing orders. 【详解】本句为警示标语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。“网购有风险”对应 Risks exist in online shopping，exist为要求使用的动词，意为“存在”作谓语，名词复数risks作主语，表泛指；“下单需谨慎”对应so we should be cautious when placing orders，so引导结果状语从句；表示“下单”，可用when placing orders，是状语从句的省略结构，place orders为固定搭配。 2．这座城市群山环抱，风景如画，却每天下午雷打不动地下起暴雨。(embrace)(汉译英) 【答案】 The city is embraced by mountains and has picturesque scenery, but it rains heavily every afternoon without fail. 【详解】本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时。“这座城市群山环抱，风景如画”是第一个分句，“这座城市群山环抱”含有城市被群山环抱之意，要译为一般现在时的被动语态The city is embraced by mountains，“风景如画”描述城市的特点，与“群山环抱”构成语义上的并列关系，逗号要变成并列连词and，译为and has picturesque scenery，用逗号与后面的分句隔开；“却”译为but，“每天下午下起暴雨”译为it rains heavily every afternoon，it是无人称代词，指代天气；“雷打不动地”译为without fail，置于句末作状语。 3．值得大家关注的是，这位小提琴家从三年前起已不参加任何商演。(since) (汉译英) 【答案】What is worth noticing is that this violinist hasn’t participated in any commercial performance since three years ago. 【详解】根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“值得大家关注的”应用What is worth noticing，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，时态用一般现在时陈述客观事实，表示“是”应用is；is后面接 that引导的表语从句；表示“这位小提琴家”应用this violinist，作从句主语；表示“不参加”应用hasn’t participated in，现在完成时否定形式作谓语，强调动作对现在的影响；表示“任何商演”应用any commercial performance，作宾语；表示“从三年前起”应用since three years ago，作时间状语，since引导时间标志，搭配现在完成时。 4．人们普遍认为，与其担心失败，不如把精力放在可以改进的地方。(It is widely believed) (汉译英) 【答案】It is widely believed that rather than worrying about failure, we should spend our energy on what can be improved. 【详解】句子陈述普遍道理，用一般现在时；“人们普遍认为……”用固定句型It is widely believed that…，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句；“与其”可用rather than，“担心失败”表达为worry about failure，worry用动名词形式，“我们”用we作主语，“把……花费在……”用spend...on...，spend的宾语“我们的精力”表达为our energy，on的宾语“可以改进的地方”处理为what引导的宾语从句，what作主语，和improve“提高”之间是被动关系，结合汉语提示“可以”可知，此处用含情态动词的被动语态can be improved。 5．那座老车库在城市改造期间被拆除了，人们对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望，最终也化为了泡影。（reduce）(汉译英) 【答案】The old garage was knocked down/demolished during the urban renovation, and all hopes for its rebirth / revival were ultimately reduced to nothing. 【详解】本句包含两层并列语义，用并列连词and连接两个分句即可，整体描述过去发生的事件，统一用一般过去时。第一分句的主语“老车库”表达为The old garage，谓语“拆除”用knock down/demolish，与主语是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，“在城市改造期间”表达为during the urban renovation；第二个分句的主语“对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望”表达为all hopes for its rebirth/revival；“最终”为“ultimately”；“化为泡影”用be reduced to nothing，主语是复数，be用were。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词的时态和语态 （满分：50分，建议用时：30分钟） 一、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．I knew I couldn’t disturb her at 9:00 last night, because she _________ for her exam. A．had studied B．would study C．studied D．had been studying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我知道昨晚9点我不能打扰她，因为她那时一直在为考试学习。结合前面的“at 9:00 last night”可知，空处描述的是昨晚9点之前一直在进行，且直到9点仍在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性，应用过去完成进行时。 2．—Who did you run into today in the subway? —It was an old friend of my brother’s, whose name ________ me for the moment. A．had escaped B．escaped C．escapes D．has escaped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你今天在地铁里碰见谁了？——是我哥哥的一位老朋友，我一时想不起他的名字了。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文的did和was可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。 3．She looked at the old house one last time; the childhood she ________ so fiercely existed now only in memory. A．has defended B．would defend C．had defended D．defended 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她最后看了一眼那座老房子；她曾经如此强烈捍卫的童年，现在只存在于记忆中了。“she ________ so fiercel”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the childhood。主句谓语动词existed为一般过去时，而捍卫defend这一动作发生在existed之前，表示“过去的过去”，因此定语从句的谓语动词需使用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。 4．We ______ enormous problems recently with ants in the kitchen. We just can’t get rid of them. A．were having B．had C．have had D．had had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最近我们厨房里遇到了严重的蚂蚁问题。我们就是无法摆脱它们。句中带有时间状语recently（最近），且后半句“We just can’t get rid of them.”使用的是一般现在时，说明厨房里有蚂蚁这个问题从过去发生并一直持续到现在，对现在依然有影响，因此空格处应使用现在完成时。 5．Whenever I visited my grandparents, I _________ spend hours helping them in the garden, enjoying the peace and quiet. A．must B．would C．should D．might 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：每当我去看望祖父母时，我总会花上几个小时在花园里帮他们干活，享受那份宁静。would在这里表示过去常常、习惯性地做某事，对应句子里 “每次去看望祖父母时，总会花几小时帮忙” 的过去习惯性动作。must：必须、一定（不符合语境）；should：应该（表建议或责任，不表示过去习惯）；might：可能（语气不确定，与句意不符）均不符合语境。故选B。 6．The number of applications for the science club ________ significantly since the opening of the new lab. A．are growing B．is growing C．have grown D．has grown 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：自从新实验室开放以来，科学俱乐部的申请人数大幅增加。此处为谓语动词，since引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时，the number of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，谓语动词为has grown。故选D项。 7．The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词时态。句意：这句话批评的是任何未能找出根本原因且在解决根本问题方面效果不佳的方法。recreation娱乐，consequence后果，approach方法，commitment承诺，投入，忠诚。根据that fails to identify the root cause可知，这里表示“方法”用approach；that引导限制性定语从句，第二空与fails并列作谓语，prove为系动词，无被动语态，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语approach为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式proves。故选C。 8．The employee you had been thinking highly __________ dishonest in handling the company’s data security. A．of proving B．of proved C．of to prove D．of being proved 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语及动词时态。句意：你一直很看重的那个员工在处理公司数据安全方面被证明是不诚实的。固定短语think highly of sb.表示“看重某人”，“you had been thinking highly_____”为定语从句，先行词为The employee，关系词在从句中作think highly of的宾语。prove“证明”这一动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式proved。故选B。 9．—I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college? —Yes. I ______ English for four years in Nanjing University. A．have studied B．studied C．had studied D．is studying 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——我好久没见到你了。你大学毕业了吗？—是的。我在南京大学学习英语已经四年了。根据回答中的Yes.可知已经毕业，此处是陈述过去的事实用一般过去时，故选B。 10．I French for 3 years after I graduated from university, which helped me secure a good job in Paris. A．have studied B．have been studying C．had studied D．studied 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我大学毕业后学了三年法语，这帮我在巴黎找到了一份好工作。根据“after I graduated from university”可知，“学习法语”是大学毕业后过去某段时间内完成的动作，不持续到现在，应用一般过去时。故填D。 11．In the last few years, thousands of films ________ all over the world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，世界各地已经制作了数千部电影。“In the last few years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，主语thousands of films是复数形式，且与动词produce之间是被动关系，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态have been produced。 12．More than one student in our class ________ chosen to participate in the international exchange program so far. A．have been B．has been C．are D．is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们班不止一名学生被选中参加国际交流项目。根据句中的时间状语so far可知，句子应使用现在完成时。“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时，虽然意义上表示复数（不止一个），但谓语动词需遵循语法一致原则，使用单数形式。因此，助动词应用has。 13．Over the past few months, a series of online lectures on career planning ________ to help Senior Three students make better future choices. A．are offered B．were offered C．have been offered D．had been offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：过去数月，一系列职业规划线上讲座陆续开展，助力高三学生更好地规划未来方向。句中带有时间状语Over the past few months，该时间状语通常与现在完成时连用。同时，主语a series of online lectures与动词offer之间是被动关系，因此需要使用现在完成时的被动语态have been offered。 14．The community project that local volunteers designed last month ______ by residents for its great benefits. A．are being praised B．has been praised C．has praised D．have been praised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当地志愿者上个月设计的社区项目因其巨大的益处而受到了居民们的赞扬。空格处是主句的谓语动词，句子的主语是The community project，为单数第三人称，谓语动词需用单数形式；主语The community project与动词praise之间是被动关系，而“被赞扬”的动作是从过去持续到现在，且对现在有影响，因此用现在完成时的被动语态“has been praised”。 15．By 8 p.m. yesterday, I was exhausted because all the housework ______ for the family gathering that evening. A．was finished B．would be finished C．has been finished D．had been finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到昨晚八点时我已经筋疲力尽，因为为当晚家庭聚会准备的所有家务都已经做完了。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“By 8 p.m. yesterday”可知，此处表示过去的过去，所以使用过去完成时，且housework和finish是被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。 16．By the time the concert kicked off, all the instruments________ perfectly. A．have adjusted B．had adjusted C．have been adjusted D．had been adjusted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到音乐会开始的时候，所有乐器都已调试好。By the time引导时间状语从句，从句the concert kicked off是一般过去时，主句动作adjust the instruments发生在“音乐会开始”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，且主语all the instruments和adjust之间是被动关系，使用被动语态。 17．All the housework ______ before my mother arrived at home last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．has been finished D．had been finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨晚我妈妈到家之前，所有的家务活都已经做完了。空处为主句谓语，before引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时，主句家务活完成的动作发生在从句妈妈到家之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。主句主语All the housework与finish之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，应填had been finished。 18．The most delicious cake in the world ________ by Mom. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. A．makes B．is made C．is going to make D．is being made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：妈妈此刻正在制作全世界最美味的蛋糕，请等一小时就可以享用了。由后句“请等一小时再享用”可知，蛋糕此刻正在被制作，需用现在进行时的被动语态。 19．The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：河上那座历史悠久的木桥因严重侵蚀已经关闭一年多了，但最新报告称修复工作正在进行，下个月将重新开放。第一空根据时间状语“for over a year”可知，此处用现在完成时，bridge与close是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用has been closed；第二空表示现阶段正在进行的动作，结合“and will reopen next month”可知，此处用现在进行时，谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以第二空为is progressing。故选A项。 20．One day I came home and found that a present ______ on the desk: a book called The Art of Procrastination. A．has been left B．was leaving C．had been left D．had left 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：有一天我回到家，发现桌上留了一份礼物：一本名为《拖延的艺术》的书。分析句子结构可知，found为谓语动词，其后是由that引导的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句中，a present与leave之间是被动关系，即礼物是被留下的，所以要用被动语态；同时leave这个动作发生在found之前，found是一般过去时，那么leave就是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，过去完成时的被动语态结构是“had + been + 过去分词”。故选C。 二、单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．He (work) on this grammar research project for nearly two years, and he will continue to polish his paper next term. 【答案】has been working 【详解】句意：他从事这项语法研究项目已经将近两年了，下学期他还会继续打磨他的论文。句中时间标志词for nearly two years表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，后半句he will continue to polish his paper next term表明该动作仍将继续，符合现在完成进行时的用法；主语He是第三人称单数，现在完成进行时结构为has been + 现在分词，work的现在分词为working。 2．He (publish) two short articles about environmental protection last term. 【答案】published 【详解】句意：上学期他发表了两篇关于环境保护的短文。publish(发表)作谓语，结合时间状语“last term”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时态，publish的过去式为published。 3．She (hope) to join the city volunteer team ever since she took part in her first public welfare activity. 【答案】has hoped 【详解】句意：自从参加了第一次公益活动，她就一直希望加入市志愿者团队。根据时间状语从句 ever since she took part in her first public welfare activity可知，主句使用现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。 4．She (study) in this key high school since she moved to this city three years ago. 【答案】has studied 【详解】句意：自从她三年前搬到这座城市以来，她一直在这所重点高中学习。study(学习)作主句谓语，根据时间状语从句“since she moved to this city three years ago”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语She是第三人称单数，谓语用单数形式has studied。 5．By the time we arrived at the lecture hall, the famous professor (already start) his speech on career planning. 【答案】had already started 【详解】句意：当我们到达报告厅时，这位知名教授已经开始了他关于职业规划的演讲。根据时间状语By the time we arrived at the lecture hall可知，主句使用过去完成时，空处需填had already started。 6．You have to make sure you (not) turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot. 【答案】don’t 【详解】句意：你务必不要一次翻两页，并且在需要退回正确位置时找到乐曲中的反复段落。make sure后面接宾语从句，从句主语是you，括号给词not，从句谓语turn是实义动词原形，一般现在时的否定要借助助动词do + not = don’t。 7．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system (break) down. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：他不得不不时停下来擦去额上的汗水，因为空调系统出了故障。空处为从句谓语，根据主句谓语had可知为一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。 8．Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting (will) happen. 【答案】would 【详解】句意：凯文叹了口气，希望会有令人兴奋的事情发生。hoped为一般过去时，宾语从句表示从过去看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时would。 9．I (continue) to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. 【答案】continued 【详解】句意：多年来我始终保持着用铅笔做这些标记的习惯，上大学时，我也把那本词典装进了行李箱。根据后面的动词went和packed可知空格处是谈论的过去的事情，故填continue的过去时continued。 10．Over the decades, Reisley (open) his doors to visitors. 【答案】has opened 【详解】句意：几十年来，赖斯利一直向游客敞开大门。根据“Over the decades”可知，应用现在完成时；主语Reisley为第三人称单数，助动词用has，open的过去分词为opened。 11．The old classroom building (rebuild) now, so we will have our group discussion in the library. 【答案】is being rebuilt 【详解】句意：旧教学楼目前正在重建，所以我们将在图书馆进行小组讨论。由now可知，时态用现在进行时，旧教学楼被重建，因此空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，主语The old classroom building是单数，因此空格处填is being rebuilt。 12．If you keep practicing, your reading ability (great improve) in the coming months. 【答案】will be greatly improved 【详解】句意：如果你继续练习，你的阅读能力在未来几个月内会显著提高。ability和improve之间为被动关系，由in the coming months可知，时态是一般将来时，因此空格处用一般将来时的被动语态，用副词greatly修饰动词improve，因此空格处是will be greatly improved。 13．It is reported that new methods of error sorting (apply) to Senior Three review in recent months. 【答案】have been applied 【详解】句意：据报道，近几个月来新的错题分类方法已经被应用到高三复习当中。此空考查谓语动词，时间状语in recent months是现在完成时的标志；主语new methods of error sorting和apply之间是被动关系，主语为复数，所以应填have been applied。 14．Having finished the task, he was glad to see that his suggestions (accept) by the whole group. 【答案】had been accepted 【详解】句意：完成任务后，他很高兴看到他的建议被整个小组采纳了。此空考查谓语动词，宾语从句主语his suggestions和accept之间是被动关系；主句为一般过去时，“建议被采纳”发生在was glad之前，用过去完成时的被动语态，所以应填had been accepted。 15．The students felt upset because their carefully prepared presentation (cancel) for some unknown reason. 【答案】was cancelled/was canceled 【详解】句意：学生们感到沮丧，因为他们精心准备的展示由于某些未知原因被取消了。此处为原因状语从句的谓语，主语presentation与cancel之间是被动关系；主句为一般过去时，从句描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时被动语态，主语是单数，所以be为was，cancel的过去分词为cancelled/canceled。 16．By the time we arrived, the rules of the grammar competition (already introduce) by the host. 【答案】had already been introduced 【详解】句意：在我们到达的时候，主持人已经把语法竞赛的规则介绍完毕。此处作从句谓语，by the time+过去时间，主句使用过去完成时，主语the rules和introduce为被动关系，所以此处使用过去完成时被动语态，结构为“had been+过去分词”，already置于had been之间，所以此处为had already been introduced。 17．Many students got nervous when they knew their performance (assess) in the coming mock exam. 【答案】would be assessed 【详解】句意：当得知他们的表现将在即将到来的模拟考试中被评定时，许多学生变得紧张。此处是宾语从句的谓语，主句为一般过去时，in the coming mock exam表示从过去视角看将来，主语their performance和assess是被动关系，用过去将来时的被动语态，所以谓语动词为would be assessed。 18．So far, lots of typical exercises (select) for our grammar revision. 【答案】have been selected 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们已经为我们的语法复习挑选了许多典型的练习题。句首的So far是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成了影响；同时，主语lots of typical exercises与动词select之间为被动关系，即练习题是被挑选的，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been + 过去分词。主语中心词exercises为复数，助动词用have，select的过去分词为selected。 19．Look! The key knowledge points (mark) on the blackboard by the teacher. 【答案】are being marked 【详解】句意：看！重点知识点正被老师标注在黑板上。句子主语The key knowledge points和mark之间是被动关系；Look提示动作正在发生，要用现在进行时的被动语态，结构：am/is/are + being + 过去分词。主语为复数，be动词用are，mark的过去分词是marked。 20．Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program (launch) last March. 【答案】was launched 【详解】句意：自去年三月该计划启动以来，骑行者已印刷了近2万篇短篇小说和诗歌。since引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时，program和launch之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the program是单数，因此空格处是was launched。 三、句子翻译（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1．网购有风险，下单需谨慎。(exist)(汉译英) 【答案】Risks exist in online shopping, so we should be cautious when placing orders. 【详解】本句为警示标语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。“网购有风险”对应 Risks exist in online shopping，exist为要求使用的动词，意为“存在”作谓语，名词复数risks作主语，表泛指；“下单需谨慎”对应so we should be cautious when placing orders，so引导结果状语从句；表示“下单”，可用when placing orders，是状语从句的省略结构，place orders为固定搭配。 2．这座城市群山环抱，风景如画，却每天下午雷打不动地下起暴雨。(embrace)(汉译英) 【答案】 The city is embraced by mountains and has picturesque scenery, but it rains heavily every afternoon without fail. 【详解】本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时。“这座城市群山环抱，风景如画”是第一个分句，“这座城市群山环抱”含有城市被群山环抱之意，要译为一般现在时的被动语态The city is embraced by mountains，“风景如画”描述城市的特点，与“群山环抱”构成语义上的并列关系，逗号要变成并列连词and，译为and has picturesque scenery，用逗号与后面的分句隔开；“却”译为but，“每天下午下起暴雨”译为it rains heavily every afternoon，it是无人称代词，指代天气；“雷打不动地”译为without fail，置于句末作状语。 3．值得大家关注的是，这位小提琴家从三年前起已不参加任何商演。(since) (汉译英) 【答案】What is worth noticing is that this violinist hasn’t participated in any commercial performance since three years ago. 【详解】根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“值得大家关注的”应用What is worth noticing，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，时态用一般现在时陈述客观事实，表示“是”应用is；is后面接 that引导的表语从句；表示“这位小提琴家”应用this violinist，作从句主语；表示“不参加”应用hasn’t participated in，现在完成时否定形式作谓语，强调动作对现在的影响；表示“任何商演”应用any commercial performance，作宾语；表示“从三年前起”应用since three years ago，作时间状语，since引导时间标志，搭配现在完成时。 4．人们普遍认为，与其担心失败，不如把精力放在可以改进的地方。(It is widely believed) (汉译英) 【答案】It is widely believed that rather than worrying about failure, we should spend our energy on what can be improved. 【详解】句子陈述普遍道理，用一般现在时；“人们普遍认为……”用固定句型It is widely believed that…，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句；“与其”可用rather than，“担心失败”表达为worry about failure，worry用动名词形式，“我们”用we作主语，“把……花费在……”用spend...on...，spend的宾语“我们的精力”表达为our energy，on的宾语“可以改进的地方”处理为what引导的宾语从句，what作主语，和improve“提高”之间是被动关系，结合汉语提示“可以”可知，此处用含情态动词的被动语态can be improved。 5．那座老车库在城市改造期间被拆除了，人们对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望，最终也化为了泡影。（reduce）(汉译英) 【答案】The old garage was knocked down/demolished during the urban renovation, and all hopes for its rebirth / revival were ultimately reduced to nothing. 【详解】本句包含两层并列语义，用并列连词and连接两个分句即可，整体描述过去发生的事件，统一用一般过去时。第一分句的主语“老车库”表达为The old garage，谓语“拆除”用knock down/demolish，与主语是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，“在城市改造期间”表达为during the urban renovation；第二个分句的主语“对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望”表达为all hopes for its rebirth/revival；“最终”为“ultimately”；“化为泡影”用be reduced to nothing，主语是复数，be用were。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词的时态和语态 考点对标练 考点01 一般现在时与一般过去时 考点02 一般将来时和过去将来时 考点03 现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时 考点04 现成完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时 考点05 各时态被动语态 考点06 主动形式表达被动含义 创新考向练 新情境 王虹斩获菲尔兹奖，创造历史突破 小卷抢分练 考点01 一般现在时与一般过去时 1.This is the only one of students ________ the truth. A．that knows B．that know C．which knows D．which know 2.The importance of promoting Kunqu Opera among younger audiences ________ be overstated, since it ensures that this intangible heritage ________ alive and relevant in modern society. A．can; remains B．might; will remain C．can’t; remains D．must; will remain 3．（25-26高三上·天津静海·期中）—What’s the secret of her performing such an eye-catching performance on the stage? —She _________ dancing for eight hours every day. A．had practised B．have practised C．practises D．is practising 4．（25-26高三下·天津·阶段检测）The idea sounded strange at first, but it ________ popular among students soon after the program was introduced. A．has become B．had become C．became D．becomes 5.Despite facing numerous setbacks in the initial phase of the project, our team________ unwavering in our commitment to the goal, and we finally achieved a breakthrough last month. A．remained B．has remained C．would remain D．was remaining 6.—I heard all but the best man ________ at the church on time. He got stuck in the traffic jam. — But he made it just before the vows. Anyway, all ________ well that ends well! A．were; is B．were; was C．is; is D．was; are 考点02 一般将来时和过去将来时 1．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Either you or James ________ as manager of the sales department when Mr. White retires next month, so you should try your best to do your job well. A．are to be appointed B．is to be appointed C．are appointed D．is appointed 2．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）The research team ________ tirelessly on this project for the past three months, and they believe they ________ a major breakthrough very soon. A．has worked; are making B．has been working; are about to make C．is working; are making D．had been working; are about to make 3．（25-26高三上·天津武清·阶段检测）The earlier you ________ the new environment, the greater progress you ________. A．will adjust to; will go B．adapt to; go C．adjust to; will make D．adapt to; will have made 4．（26-27高三上·天津·开学考试）In a room above the store, where a party _______, some workers were busily setting the table. A．will be held B．has been held C．was to be held D．is being held 5．（25-26高三上·天津滨海新区·阶段检测）He asked for my forgiveness and promised that he ________ things right. A．made B．had made C．will make D．would make 6．（24-25高三上·天津北辰·阶段检测）Our air-conditioners __________ well, but decades of years ago, no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they ___________. A．sell; were to have B．are sold; were having C．sell; have had D．are sold; had had 考点03 现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时 1．（25-26高三上·天津西青·期末）Group work, along with class discussions, ________  students learn more effectively these days. A．is helping B．are helping C．was helping D．were helping 2.At the ongoing campus technology competition, many a student ________ innovative solutions to global energy challenges. A．are presenting B．was presenting C．is presenting D．were presenting 3.Nowadays, emojis ________ an integral component of the language we use to express ourselves. A．was becoming B．are becoming C．had become D．becomes 4.The committee members ________ the annual performance in the studio when the power suddenly went off, leaving the entire room in darkness. A．discussed B．were discussing C．had discussed D．have discussed 5.The flight attendant reminded all passengers to power down their electronic devices, for the plane ________. A．took off B．was taking off C．will take off D．had taken off 6．（2026·天津·三模）— Fortunately, you didn’t disturb me yesterday afternoon. — Really? Why? — Only my deskmate besides me ________ the key points of the coming exam when you knocked at the door. A．were reviewing B．was reviewing C．reviewed D．had reviewed 7．（2026·天津红桥·三模）At this time tomorrow evening, we dinner at a restaurant in the city center. A．had B．have had C．would have D．will be having 8．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Please don’t disturb Mr. Brown between 3:00 and 5:00 this afternoon, because he ________ an important client then. A．will meet B．will be meeting C．is meeting D．has been meeting 9．（2026·天津·一模）In the coming decades, people _________ more on alternative energy to run essential devices. A．would rely B．have been relying C．are relying D．will be relying 考点04 现成完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时 1.Hello! This is Kidd. I’m phoning to postpone the appointment I ________ with Prof. Tony for a face-to-face consultation until next Monday. A．will be making B．had made C．have made D．would make 2.He is one of the volunteer teachers who ________ in the remote mountain schools since 2022, and he is the only one of them who ________ awarded the provincial honour so far. A．has worked; have been B．has worked; has been C．have worked; have been D．have worked; has been 3.The famous scientist, along with his team members, ________ a breakthrough in cancer treatment over the past five years. A．has made B．have made C．was making D．are making 4．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）In the memory test conducted at Nankai University, volunteers were asked to recall the words they ______ right before the task began. A．had just memorized B．were just memorizing C．just memorized D．have just memorized 5．（2026·天津南开·三模）For years, the scientist that his theory would eventually be proven, and now, with the latest experimental data, it finally . A．had maintained; has been B．maintained; is C．has maintained; had been D．had been maintained; is 6．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期中）Recognising how each finch species was perfectly adapted to its specific food source, Darwin suspected that they _________ from a common ancestor. A．evolved B．had evolved C．were evolving D．have evolved 7．（2026·天津河北·二模）Driven by innate curiosity, Tu Youyou, along with other scientists,________ scientific breakthroughs for decades, with no end in sight. A．has been pursued B．has been pursuing C．have been pursued D．have been pursuing 8．（2026·天津红桥·一模）—You haven’t got the tickets for the concert. —I know, and we ______ to get some for the last five weeks. A．had tried B．will be trying C．have been trying D．were trying 9．（25-26高三上·天津·期末）—Wow, your garden is blooming so brilliantly — what’s your secret? —I ____ these plants every morning for the past two months. A．was tending to B．tended to C．have been tending to D．am tending to 考点05 各时态被动语态 1．（2026·天津武清·模拟预测）Once the traditional local culture _________ effectively in public communities, more young people will develop a strong sense of cultural identity. A．promotes B．is promoted C．will promote D．will be promoted 2．（2026·天津·模拟预测）Not only many ancient Chinese poems but also the classic novel Dream of the Red Chamber __________ to be translated into dozens of foreign languages so far, and great cultural significance __________ to them by people all over the world. A．have been proved; is attached B．has been proved; are attached C．have been proved; are attached D．has been proved; is attached 3．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Currently, an AI system for medical diagnosis ___ by research teams worldwide, aiming to assist doctors in detecting diseases earlier. A．developed B．is being developed C．has developed D．had been developed 4．（2026·天津·一模）— Lily, could I use your camera? Mine ________. — No problem. I’ll bring it to you tomorrow. A．was repaired B．is being repaired C．has been repaired D．had been repaired 5．（26-27高三上·天津和平·开学考试）The group leader, as well as dozens of team members, ________ by the judges after the competition concluded last Saturday. A．is praised B．are praised C．was praised D．were praised 6．（25-26高三上·江苏无锡·期末）Several pages were found ________when the book ________me. A．missing, returned B．gone, was returned to C．lost, was returned D．disappeared, was returned to 7．（2026·天津·二模）The entire sequence of events, as described by the three witnesses, ________ together gradually by the inspector. A．was being pieced B．have been pieced C．were pieced D．has pieced 8．（25-26高二上·天津西青·期末）When the firemen rushed into the building, some trapped passengers ________ to the windows by thick smoke. A．have been pushed B．were pushing C．have pushed D．were being pushed 9.________ twice, the plan ________ carefully before the school officially carries it out. A．Having discussed; will check B．Discussed; will be checked C．Having been discussed; will be checked D．To discuss; is checked 10．（2026·天津·一模）These folk tales which feature stories passed down through generations _________ into an animated (动画的) series next year. A．has been adapted B．are to be adapted C．have adapted D．is being adapted 11．（2026·天津和平·二模）In the banquet hall, where a wedding ________, some of the groom’s friends were busy welcoming the guests. A．will be held B．was holding C．was to be held D．had held 12.So far, more than twenty AI reading corners ________ up in our school’s classrooms. A．have been set B．have set C．had been set D．were set 13.The new technology ________ to farming so far, which helps increase agricultural production. A．has applied B．was applied C．is applying D．has been applied 14.She was shocked to find that the research paper she ________ for months ________ by a hacker before she could submit it to the journal. A．has been writing; stole B．had been writing; had been stolen C．has written; was stolen D．wrote; has been stolen 15．（2026·天津·二模）— Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning? — But I _______ anything about that. A．didn’t tell B．haven’t been told C．haven’t told D．hadn’t been told 16.It is believed that by 2032, the importance of bilingual education _______ widely in the educational system. A．will be recognized B．has been recognized C．will have been recognized D．will recognize 17．（2026·天津南开·一模）It is believed that by 2030, the importance of bilingual education ________ widely in the educational system. A．will recognize B．will have been recognized C．recognized D．was recognized 18.The damaged sculpture _______ during transit despite the protective packaging. A．must have been mishandled B．should mishandle C．ought to be mishandling D．could mishandle 19．（2022·天津河北·二模）—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed. —I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here. A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck 20．（2021·天津河北·一模）Water ________ to our planet during the first two million years after the birth of the solar system, a study has found. A．might be brought B．may have been brought C．could be brought D．should have been brought 考点05 主动形式表达被动含义 1．（2025·天津和平·二模）Sheep have been so changed by breeding that their wild ancestors are hard ________. A．identifying B．being identified C．to identify D．to be identified 2．（2022·天津·一模）— What do you think of your journey to the seaside town? — Everything is very fantastic, especially its fresh air, which is pleasant ________. A．breathed B．being breathed C．to be breathed D．to breathe 3.He couldn’t be the person ________ since he was the only one absent from work that day. A．blamed B．to be blamed C．blaming D．to blame 4.As far as I am concerned, this idea is well worth________. A．to be considered B．considered C．being considered D．considering 5.These chairs may look good, but they’re very uncomfortable ______. A．to sit on B．to be sat on C．sit on D．sitting on 新情境 王虹斩获菲尔兹奖，创造历史突破 一．语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Chinese mathematicians Deng Yu and Wang Hong were awarded the Fields Medals at the 2026 International Congress of Mathematicians on Thursday, 1 marked the first time that Chinese mathematicians had won the prestigious honor. The Fields Medal is 2 top international mathematics prize awarded every four years 3 two to four young researchers under the age of 40 in 4 (recognize) of their 5 (remark) mathematical achievements and their promise of future achievement. At the opening ceremony of the congress, 6 (hold) at the Pennsylvania Convention Center, the International Mathematical Union announced that Deng won the medal for his work in partial differential equations (PDEs), while Wang won the medal for her work in harmonic analysis and geometric measure theory. Deng and Wang have become the first Chinese mathematicians 7 (receive) the Fields Medal, with Wang also 8 (become) only the third woman ever to win the prestigious award. The two both entered Peking University in 2007 9 took different paths. Wang transferred from geophysics to mathematics in her sophomore year, while Deng 10 (admit) after winning a gold medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). 二．完形填空 Gifted in mathematics from an early age, Wang Hong showed extraordinary intellectual talent in her childhood. At the age of five or six, she was deeply 1 by math puzzles in textbooks. The 2 of solving problems developed her genuine love for mathematics. Having self-studied the entire primary-school courses, she skipped several grades, and 3 from countless students to enter Peking University at the young age of sixteen. Although she was initially (最初) 4 to the geophysics department, Wang Hong never gave up her mathematical 5 . Firm and determined, she spared no effort to prepare for department transfer and successfully passed Peking University’s extremely demanding 6 . Faced with difficult and profound (渊博的) university mathematics, she explored effective systematic learning methods and bravely 7 various academic barriers. After graduation, she pursued 8 studies in France and the United States and held 9 positions at world-famous universities. To broaden her horizons, she also took internships (实习) in architecture and painting, hoping to find another creative passion. 10 , she found architecture creation was limited by external factors, while mathematics offered pure, free and 11 creative space, which strengthened her 12 to focus on mathematical research. With constant 13 and continuous efforts, Wang Hong cooperated with international scholars to 14 the century-old Kakeya conjecture (挂谷猜想), for which she was 15 the Fields Medal in 2026, proving that sincere love and persistent perseverance can lead to outstanding academic achievements. 1．A．attracted B．confused C．shocked D．moved 2．A．stress B．joy C．fear D．pain 3．A．set out B．ran out C．stood out D．came out 4．A．committed B．appointed C．appealed D．admitted 5．A．dream B．genius C．fantasy D．vision 6．A．competition B．judgement C．assessment D．identification 7．A．accepted B．overcame C．avoided D．ignored 8．A．practical B．formal C．detailed D．further 9．A．part-time B．academic C．medical D．theoretical 10．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Meanwhile 11．A．rewarding B．incredible C．independent D．relevant 12．A．inspiration B．ambition C．willingness D．determination 13．A．passion B．curiosity C．confidence D．patience 14．A．analyze B．attack C．solve D．examine 15．A．achieved B．selected C．offered D．awarded （满分：50分，建议用时：30分钟） 一、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．I knew I couldn’t disturb her at 9:00 last night, because she _________ for her exam. A．had studied B．would study C．studied D．had been studying 2．—Who did you run into today in the subway? —It was an old friend of my brother’s, whose name ________ me for the moment. A．had escaped B．escaped C．escapes D．has escaped 3．She looked at the old house one last time; the childhood she ________ so fiercely existed now only in memory. A．has defended B．would defend C．had defended D．defended 4．We ______ enormous problems recently with ants in the kitchen. We just can’t get rid of them. A．were having B．had C．have had D．had had 5．Whenever I visited my grandparents, I _________ spend hours helping them in the garden, enjoying the peace and quiet. A．must B．would C．should D．might 6．The number of applications for the science club ________ significantly since the opening of the new lab. A．are growing B．is growing C．have grown D．has grown 7．The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 8．The employee you had been thinking highly __________ dishonest in handling the company’s data security. A．of proving B．of proved C．of to prove D．of being proved 9．—I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college? —Yes. I ______ English for four years in Nanjing University. A．have studied B．studied C．had studied D．is studying 10．I French for 3 years after I graduated from university, which helped me secure a good job in Paris. A．have studied B．have been studying C．had studied D．studied 11．In the last few years, thousands of films ________ all over the world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 12．More than one student in our class ________ chosen to participate in the international exchange program so far. A．have been B．has been C．are D．is 13．Over the past few months, a series of online lectures on career planning ________ to help Senior Three students make better future choices. A．are offered B．were offered C．have been offered D．had been offered 14．The community project that local volunteers designed last month ______ by residents for its great benefits. A．are being praised B．has been praised C．has praised D．have been praised 15．By 8 p.m. yesterday, I was exhausted because all the housework ______ for the family gathering that evening. A．was finished B．would be finished C．has been finished D．had been finished 16．By the time the concert kicked off, all the instruments________ perfectly. A．have adjusted B．had adjusted C．have been adjusted D．had been adjusted 17．All the housework ______ before my mother arrived at home last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．has been finished D．had been finished 18．The most delicious cake in the world ________ by Mom. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. A．makes B．is made C．is going to make D．is being made 19．The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 20．One day I came home and found that a present ______ on the desk: a book called The Art of Procrastination. A．has been left B．was leaving C．had been left D．had left 二、单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．He (work) on this grammar research project for nearly two years, and he will continue to polish his paper next term. 2．He (publish) two short articles about environmental protection last term. 3．She (hope) to join the city volunteer team ever since she took part in her first public welfare activity. 4．She (study) in this key high school since she moved to this city three years ago. 5．By the time we arrived at the lecture hall, the famous professor (already start) his speech on career planning. 6．You have to make sure you (not) turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot. 7．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system (break) down. 8．Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting (will) happen. 9．I (continue) to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. 10．Over the decades, Reisley (open) his doors to visitors. 11．The old classroom building (rebuild) now, so we will have our group discussion in the library. 12．If you keep practicing, your reading ability (great improve) in the coming months. 13．It is reported that new methods of error sorting (apply) to Senior Three review in recent months. 14．Having finished the task, he was glad to see that his suggestions (accept) by the whole group. 15．The students felt upset because their carefully prepared presentation (cancel) for some unknown reason. 16．By the time we arrived, the rules of the grammar competition (already introduce) by the host. 17．Many students got nervous when they knew their performance (assess) in the coming mock exam. 18．So far, lots of typical exercises (select) for our grammar revision. 19．Look! The key knowledge points (mark) on the blackboard by the teacher. 20．Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program (launch) last March. 三、句子翻译（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1．网购有风险，下单需谨慎。(exist)(汉译英) 2．这座城市群山环抱，风景如画，却每天下午雷打不动地下起暴雨。(embrace)(汉译英) 3．值得大家关注的是，这位小提琴家从三年前起已不参加任何商演。(since) (汉译英) 4．人们普遍认为，与其担心失败，不如把精力放在可以改进的地方。(It is widely believed) (汉译英) 5．那座老车库在城市改造期间被拆除了，人们对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望，最终也化为了泡影。（reduce）(汉译英) 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词的时态和语态 （满分：50分，建议用时：30分钟） 一、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．I knew I couldn’t disturb her at 9:00 last night, because she _________ for her exam. A．had studied B．would study C．studied D．had been studying 2．—Who did you run into today in the subway? —It was an old friend of my brother’s, whose name ________ me for the moment. A．had escaped B．escaped C．escapes D．has escaped 3．She looked at the old house one last time; the childhood she ________ so fiercely existed now only in memory. A．has defended B．would defend C．had defended D．defended 4．We ______ enormous problems recently with ants in the kitchen. We just can’t get rid of them. A．were having B．had C．have had D．had had 5．Whenever I visited my grandparents, I _________ spend hours helping them in the garden, enjoying the peace and quiet. A．must B．would C．should D．might 6．The number of applications for the science club ________ significantly since the opening of the new lab. A．are growing B．is growing C．have grown D．has grown 7．The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 8．The employee you had been thinking highly __________ dishonest in handling the company’s data security. A．of proving B．of proved C．of to prove D．of being proved 9．—I haven’t seen you for ages. Have you graduated from college? —Yes. I ______ English for four years in Nanjing University. A．have studied B．studied C．had studied D．is studying 10．I French for 3 years after I graduated from university, which helped me secure a good job in Paris. A．have studied B．have been studying C．had studied D．studied 11．In the last few years, thousands of films ________ all over the world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 12．More than one student in our class ________ chosen to participate in the international exchange program so far. A．have been B．has been C．are D．is 13．Over the past few months, a series of online lectures on career planning ________ to help Senior Three students make better future choices. A．are offered B．were offered C．have been offered D．had been offered 14．The community project that local volunteers designed last month ______ by residents for its great benefits. A．are being praised B．has been praised C．has praised D．have been praised 15．By 8 p.m. yesterday, I was exhausted because all the housework ______ for the family gathering that evening. A．was finished B．would be finished C．has been finished D．had been finished 16．By the time the concert kicked off, all the instruments________ perfectly. A．have adjusted B．had adjusted C．have been adjusted D．had been adjusted 17．All the housework ______ before my mother arrived at home last night. A．finished B．was finishing C．has been finished D．had been finished 18．The most delicious cake in the world ________ by Mom. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. A．makes B．is made C．is going to make D．is being made 19．The historical wooden bridge across the river ________ for over a year due to severe erosion, but the latest report says the restoration ________ and will reopen next month. A．has been closed; is progressing B．has been closed; had progressed C．had been closed; has been progressing D．had been closed; was progressing 20．One day I came home and found that a present ______ on the desk: a book called The Art of Procrastination. A．has been left B．was leaving C．had been left D．had left 二、单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1．He (work) on this grammar research project for nearly two years, and he will continue to polish his paper next term. 2．He (publish) two short articles about environmental protection last term. 3．She (hope) to join the city volunteer team ever since she took part in her first public welfare activity. 4．She (study) in this key high school since she moved to this city three years ago. 5．By the time we arrived at the lecture hall, the famous professor (already start) his speech on career planning. 6．You have to make sure you (not) turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot. 7．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system (break) down. 8．Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting (will) happen. 9．I (continue) to make these pencil marks for years, and when I went off to college, I packed that dictionary in my suitcase. 10．Over the decades, Reisley (open) his doors to visitors. 11．The old classroom building (rebuild) now, so we will have our group discussion in the library. 12．If you keep practicing, your reading ability (great improve) in the coming months. 13．It is reported that new methods of error sorting (apply) to Senior Three review in recent months. 14．Having finished the task, he was glad to see that his suggestions (accept) by the whole group. 15．The students felt upset because their carefully prepared presentation (cancel) for some unknown reason. 16．By the time we arrived, the rules of the grammar competition (already introduce) by the host. 17．Many students got nervous when they knew their performance (assess) in the coming mock exam. 18．So far, lots of typical exercises (select) for our grammar revision. 19．Look! The key knowledge points (mark) on the blackboard by the teacher. 20．Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program (launch) last March. 三、句子翻译（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1．网购有风险，下单需谨慎。(exist)(汉译英) 2．这座城市群山环抱，风景如画，却每天下午雷打不动地下起暴雨。(embrace)(汉译英) 3．值得大家关注的是，这位小提琴家从三年前起已不参加任何商演。(since) (汉译英) 4．人们普遍认为，与其担心失败，不如把精力放在可以改进的地方。(It is widely believed) (汉译英) 5．那座老车库在城市改造期间被拆除了，人们对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望，最终也化为了泡影。（reduce）(汉译英) 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $