1.4 I Love My Family(Grammar)-《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)《一课一练》(原卷版+解析版)
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编写说明:基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点,为了更好地提高学生的学习效率,辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节,本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》,匠心打造了契合四川职教命题特色的【四川专用】《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)《一课一练》专辑,专辑共32练。
本卷为《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)Unit 1 I Love My Family(Grammar)的课前预习和课堂检测。
《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)
Unit 1 I Love My Family
一课一练(4) Grammar
【课前预习】
一、过去进行时
1. 基本用法
表示过去某个________或者某一段时间内________的动作。
2. 谓语结构
主语 + ________ + doing
3. was/were 的选用
was 用于________人称单数、第三人称单数;were 用于第二人称、________主语。
4. 句式变换
否定句:主语 + was/were + ________ + doing
一般疑问句:________ + 主语 + doing?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + ________ + 主语 + doing?
5. 动词 - ing 变化规则(同现在进行时)
(1)一般情况直接加________
(2)以不发音 e 结尾,________e,再加 - ing
(3)重读闭音节 “辅 - 元 - 辅” 结尾,末尾辅音字母,再加 - ing
(4)ie 结尾,变 ie 为,再加 - ing
6. 常用时间标志词
at that time、at + 过去时刻、________(当…… 时)、from…to…(过去时段)等
二、宾语从句
1. 基本概念
放在________、介词后面充当宾语的从句,叫作宾语从句。
2. 三要素:、、________
3. 引导词分类
(1)陈述句变宾语从句,引导词用________,可省略;
(2)一般疑问句变宾语从句,引导词用________或________;
(3)特殊疑问句变宾语从句,引导词用________。
4. 语序规则
宾语从句必须使用________语序,不能用疑问语序。
5. 时态呼应
(1)主句为过去时态,从句一般使用对应的________时态;
(2)主句为一般现在时,从句时态根据________确定;
(3)从句表述客观真理、客观事实时,时态用________。
6. 否定转移
主句主语是 I/we,谓语动词为 think/believe/suppose 等,要把否定转移到________上。
7. 宾语从句简化
主句主语和从句主语一致时,从句可简化为________结构。
【答案】
一、过去进行时
1. 时间点;正在进行
2. was/were
3. 第一;复数
4. not;was/were;was/were
5. -ing;去掉;双写;y
6. when
二、宾语从句
1. 及物动词
2. 引导词;语序;时态
3. that;if;whether;特殊疑问词
4. 陈述
5. 过去;实际情况;一般现在时
6. 主句
7. 不定式(to do)
【课堂检测】
一、单项选择
1.She asked, “What are you doing now?”
→ She asked what I ________ doing then.
A.am B.was C.were D.is
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她问:“你现在正在做什么?”直接引语变间接引语时,主句为一般过去时,从句时态要倒退,现在进行时变为过去进行时;主语I对应的be动词用was。
2.Tom said, “They are playing football.”
→ Tom said that ________ playing football.
A.we were B.they were C.they are D.we are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:汤姆说:“他们正在踢足球。”直接引语变间接引语时,主句为一般过去时,从句时态要倒退,现在进行时变为过去进行时;人称保持they不变,are改为were,故用they were。
3.“What are you doing?” he asked me. → He asked me what ________.
A.I was doing B.was I doing C.I am doing D.am I doing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:“你正在做什么?”他问我。 直接引语变间接引语时,宾语从句要用陈述语序;主句为一般过去时,从句时态要相应后退,现在进行时变为过去进行时,同时人称you改为I,故用I was doing。
4.The students ________ when the teacher came in.
A.were talking B.talked
C.talk D.are talking
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当老师进来的时候,学生们正在交谈。根据“when the teacher came in.”可知,主句表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的动作,用过去进行时were talking。
5.— What were you doing at 8:00 last night?
— I ________ a shower.
A.took B.take C.was taking D.am taking
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——昨晚八点你正在做什么?——我正在洗澡。问句中at 8:00 last night是一个具体的过去时间点,表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,主句需用过去进行时。主语I对应的结构为was + doing,故用was taking。
6.The teacher asked us ________ we had finished the experiment.
A.that B.what C.if D.which
【答案】C
【详解】句意:老师问我们是否完成了实验。空处引导宾语从句“we had finished the experiment”,从句成分完整,且根据主句动词是ask(询问)可知,后面的从句是要表达不确定的疑问含义,意为“是否”,因此应用if引导从句。
7.He said, “I like playing basketball.” → He said ________ he liked playing basketball.
A.that B.if C.whether D.what
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他说:“我喜欢打篮球。”直接引语为陈述句,变间接引语时用that引导,that无词义,可省略。
8.She said, “I will visit my grandmother.” → She said that ________ would visit ________ grandmother.
A.she; my B.I; her C.she; her D.I; my
【答案】C
【详解】句意:她说:“我将要去看望我的祖母。”she她;I我;my我的;her她/她的。直接引语变间接引语时,直接引语里的第一人称,要对应和说话人(本题的She)一致的人称代词,原直接引语里的I要换成she,对应的my也要换成her。
9.My father asked me, “Do you want to go to the zoo with me?”
My father asked me ________ I wanted to go to the zoo with ________.
A.if; him B.that; me C.if; me D.that; him
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我爸爸问我:“你想和我一起去动物园吗?”me我;him他。直接引语为一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,用if引导宾语从句;直接引语中me指的是父亲,间接引语中用代词him进行指代,作介词with的宾语。
10.“Where is the nearest hospital?” the man asked.
→ The man asked ________ the nearest hospital was.
A.where B.that C.if D.what
【答案】A
【详解】句意:“最近的医院在哪里?”这位男士问。直接引语为特殊疑问句,变间接引语时保留原疑问词where,并改为陈述语序。
二、翻译
11.The teacher told us that practice is very important for learning English well. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
【答案】老师告诉我们,练习对于学好英语非常重要。
【详解】The teacher:老师;told us:告诉我们;that:引导宾语从句;practice:练习;is very important:非常重要;for learning English well:对于学好英语来说。
12.When you write a resume for a job, you should make sure that the information in it is true and clear. (句子英译汉)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】当你为求职写简历时,你要确保简历里的信息真实且清晰。
【详解】When:当……时;you:你;write a resume for a job:为求职写简历;you:你;should make sure:应该确保;that the information in it:简历里的信息;is true and clear:是真实且清晰的。
13.I don’t know when he will come back. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
【答案】我不知道他什么时候会回来。
【详解】I:我;don’t know:不知道;when:什么时候;he:他;will come back:会回来。
14.They apply what they have learned in school to their work and achieve remarkable results. (句子英译汉)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】他们把在学校学到的知识运用到工作中,并取得了显著的成绩。
【详解】They:他们;apply ... to:把……运用到;what they have learned in school:在学校学到的知识;their work:工作;and:并且;achieve:取得;remarkable results:显著的成绩。
15.My parents hope that I can go to a good university in the future. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
【答案】我的父母希望我将来能考上一所好大学。
【详解】My parents:我的父母;hope:希望;that:引导宾语从句;I:我;can go to a good university:能考上一所好大学;in the future:在将来。
16.What were you doing while it was raining heavily?
__________________________________________________
【答案】雨下得很大的时候你在做什么?
【详解】What were you doing:你正在做什么;while:当……的时候;it was raining heavily:雨下得很大。
17.I was thinking of going to a 4S shop at the beginning. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
【答案】起初我打算去一家4S店看看。
【详解】考查动过去进行时和非谓语动词。I:我,人称代词作主语;was thinking of:正在考虑,作谓语,过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作; going to a 4S shop:去一家4S店看看,动名词作宾语; at the beginning:起初,介词短语作状语。故本句译为:起初我打算去一家4S店看看。
18.The lights suddenly went out when we were having dinner.(句子英译汉)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】我们正在吃晚饭的时候,灯突然灭了。
【详解】考查时间状语从句及动词的时态。本句是一个复合句,The lights suddenly went out为主句,The lights:灯,作主语;suddenly:突然,作状语;went out:熄灭,一般过去时,作谓语。when we were having dinner是when引导的时间状语从句,we:我们,作从句主语;were having:正在吃,过去进行时,作从句谓语;dinner:晚饭,作从句宾语。故本句译为:我们正在吃晚饭的时候,灯突然灭了。
19.She was talking to herself. (句子英译汉)
___________________________________________________________
【答案】当时她在自言自语。
【详解】考查陈述句和过去进行时。She:她,人称代词作主语;was talking to:正在和……说话,作谓语,过去进行时;herself:她自己,反身代词作宾语。故本句译为:当时她在自言自语。
20.My brother was teaching me to ride a bike and my parents were putting up a tent at that time. (句子英译汉)
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】我哥哥正在教我骑自行车,我父母当时正在搭帐篷。
【详解】考查陈述句及过去进行时。My brother:我的哥哥,作主语;was teaching:正在教,作谓语,时态为过去进行时;teach somebody to do:教某人做某事,不定式作宾补;ride a bike:骑自行车;并列连词and后,my parents :我的父母,作主语;were putting up:正在搭建,作谓语,时态为过去进行时;a tent:一个帐篷,作宾语,at that time:当时,作时间状语。故本句译为:我的妈妈爸爸正在搭建帐篷。故本句
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编写说明:基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点,为了更好地提高学生的学习效率,辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节,本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》,匠心打造了契合四川职教命题特色的【四川专用】《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)《一课一练》专辑,专辑共32练。
本卷为《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)Unit 1 I Love My Family(Grammar)的课前预习和课堂检测。
《英语 基础模块2》(外研版第二版)
Unit 1 I Love My Family
一课一练(4) Grammar
【课前预习】
一、过去进行时
1. 基本用法
表示过去某个________或者某一段时间内________的动作。
2. 谓语结构
主语 + ________ + doing
3. was/were 的选用
was 用于________人称单数、第三人称单数;were 用于第二人称、________主语。
4. 句式变换
否定句:主语 + was/were + ________ + doing
一般疑问句:________ + 主语 + doing?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + ________ + 主语 + doing?
5. 动词 - ing 变化规则(同现在进行时)
(1)一般情况直接加________
(2)以不发音 e 结尾,________e,再加 - ing
(3)重读闭音节 “辅 - 元 - 辅” 结尾,末尾辅音字母,再加 - ing
(4)ie 结尾,变 ie 为,再加 - ing
6. 常用时间标志词
at that time、at + 过去时刻、________(当…… 时)、from…to…(过去时段)等
二、宾语从句
1. 基本概念
放在________、介词后面充当宾语的从句,叫作宾语从句。
2. 三要素:、、________
3. 引导词分类
(1)陈述句变宾语从句,引导词用________,可省略;
(2)一般疑问句变宾语从句,引导词用________或________;
(3)特殊疑问句变宾语从句,引导词用________。
4. 语序规则
宾语从句必须使用________语序,不能用疑问语序。
5. 时态呼应
(1)主句为过去时态,从句一般使用对应的________时态;
(2)主句为一般现在时,从句时态根据________确定;
(3)从句表述客观真理、客观事实时,时态用________。
6. 否定转移
主句主语是 I/we,谓语动词为 think/believe/suppose 等,要把否定转移到________上。
7. 宾语从句简化
主句主语和从句主语一致时,从句可简化为________结构。
【课堂检测】
一、单项选择
1.She asked, “What are you doing now?”
→ She asked what I ________ doing then.
A.am B.was C.were D.is
2.Tom said, “They are playing football.”
→ Tom said that ________ playing football.
A.we were B.they were C.they are D.we are
3.“What are you doing?” he asked me. → He asked me what ________.
A.I was doing B.was I doing C.I am doing D.am I doing
4.The students ________ when the teacher came in.
A.were talking B.talked
C.talk D.are talking
5.— What were you doing at 8:00 last night?
— I ________ a shower.
A.took B.take C.was taking D.am taking
6.The teacher asked us ________ we had finished the experiment.
A.that B.what C.if D.which
7.He said, “I like playing basketball.” → He said ________ he liked playing basketball.
A.that B.if C.whether D.what
8.She said, “I will visit my grandmother.” → She said that ________ would visit ________ grandmother.
A.she; my B.I; her C.she; her D.I; my
9.My father asked me, “Do you want to go to the zoo with me?”
My father asked me ________ I wanted to go to the zoo with ________.
A.if; him B.that; me C.if; me D.that; him
10.“Where is the nearest hospital?” the man asked.
→ The man asked ________ the nearest hospital was.
A.where B.that C.if D.what
二、翻译
11.The teacher told us that practice is very important for learning English well. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
12.When you write a resume for a job, you should make sure that the information in it is true and clear. (句子英译汉)
_______________________________________________________
13.I don’t know when he will come back. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
14.They apply what they have learned in school to their work and achieve remarkable results. (句子英译汉)
_______________________________________________________
15.My parents hope that I can go to a good university in the future. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
16.What were you doing while it was raining heavily?
__________________________________________________
17.I was thinking of going to a 4S shop at the beginning. (句子英译汉)
__________________________________________________
18.The lights suddenly went out when we were having dinner.(句子英译汉)
____________________________________________________________
19.She was talking to herself. (句子英译汉)
___________________________________________________________
20.My brother was teaching me to ride a bike and my parents were putting up a tent at that time. (句子英译汉)
________________________________________________________________________
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