Unit 4 Friends forever Using language 定语从句 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语外研版必修第一册

Attributive clauses (1) 定语从句 我遇见一个女孩。 她会说3种语言。 我遇见一个会说3种语言的女孩。 I met a girl. She can speak 3 languages. I met a girl. She can speak 3 languages. 1. 找共同的名词或代词 girl=she 2. 用对应的关系代词替换 she---人（who） I met a girl who can speak 3 languages. 先行词 关系代词 关系代词 who——人 that——人/物 which——物 whose——人/物（所属） whom——人 合并句子 关系代词的基本用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语，作 宾语时可省略 The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now. 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。 Danny was the man (who) we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可以用 who 代替 The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 3. whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语 I want to help the children whose parents died in the earthquake. 我想帮助那些父母在地震中丧生的孩子们。 除了用 whose 表所属关系以外，在 whom 和which之前加of也可以表示所属关系（即of whom, of which）。这时名词需要特指，应加定冠词，放在 of whom, of which之前或后均可。 上述例句还可表达为： I want to help the children of whom the parents died in the earthquake. I want to help the children the parents of whom died in the earthquake. 4. which 指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略 The pen (which) you found yesterday is mine. 昨天你发现的那支钢笔是我的。 5. that 既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略 The number of people that come to visit the city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。（that 指人，作主语） The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。（that 指物，作主语） 即学即练--用适当的关系代词填空 1. [2023 • 新课标II卷] As an artist ____________ shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. 2. [2023 • 全国乙卷] The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ____________ hair color looked just perfect. 3.［2024•新课标II 卷］Specifically, it's a farm _______________ relies on new technology. who/that whose that/which 关系代词 that（人/物） who（人） which（物） whom（人） whose（人/物） 主语 √ √ √ 宾语 √ √ √ 表语 定语 √ 定语从句中的关系代词 Mulan was a brave girl. She took her father’s place to fight in the army. Mulan was a girl who/that took her father’s place to fight in the army. 我喜欢读鲁迅写的小说 I like reading the novels that/which were written by Lu xun. I like reading the novels. The novels were written by Luxun. 用定语从句改写 Do you like this book? Many students are talking about this book. Do you like this book which/that many students are talking about? 我昨天见到了我朋友经常谈论的那个歌手 I met the singer whom/that my friend usually talks about yesterday. I met the singer yesterday. My friend usually talks about the singer. 改写句子 昨天，我拜访了一个朋友，他的房子靠近公园。 Yesterday， I visited a friend. My friend’s house is near the park. Yesterday, I visited a friend whose house is near the park. 改写句子 使用定语从句时选用关系代词的特殊情况 定语从句中只能用which的情况 1. 关系代词前有介词(先行词指物) This is the place in which we eat dinner. 2. 在先行词指物的非限制性定语从句中（关系代词前有逗号） Beijing, which is the capital of China, is really beautiful. 3. 先行词指物本身就是that What’s that which is flying in the sky? 4.关系代词后有插入语时（先行词指物时） Here is the English grammar book which,as I’ve told you ,will help improve your English. 定语从句中只能用that的情况 1. 当先行词为 all, everything,nothing,anything, much 等不定代词时。 Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said? All that can be done has been done. 2. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 The first novel that I read in English was Jane Eyre. This is the most delicious food that I have ever had. 3. 当先行词被 all, every, no, the only, the very, the last 等修饰时。 That's the only thing that we can do now. I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday. 4. 当先行词既包括人，又包括物时。 We often talk about the persons and things that we remember. 定语从句中用who不用that的情况 1. 当先行词为人称代词 he, she, they 或 one（s），anyone，nobody 等指人的不定代词时。 There is nobody who has no shortcomings. 2. 当指人的先行词是 those，或先行词被 those 所修饰时。 Those who work hard will get more chances. 3. 当指人的先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 They were the first who arrived there. 4. 当指人的先行词和定语从句被其他成分分隔时。 The little girl was crying hard who lost her way while looking for her mother. 5. 当指人的先行词由两个定语从句修饰（即双重定语从句）时，第二个定语从句只能用 who/whom 引导，不能用that。第二个定语从句的关系代词不可省略。 She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar. 6. there be 结构中先行词指人时。 There is a beautiful girl who wants to see you. 即学即练--用适当的关系代词填空 1.［2024•新课标II卷］Those ____________ are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. 2. [2024 • 全国甲卷] When we arrived, we went straight to a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, ___________ tasted great. 3. [2023 • 新课标I卷] So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at ______________ I was sure to fail? 4.［2023•新课标I卷］Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all ____________ was left was pure water. 5. [2023 • 全国甲卷] It's the only Thai restaurant ______________ ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list. who which which that that $