专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（1年汇编）（江苏专用）2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 2026年江苏省中考英语阅读理解（说明文）考情分析表 考点分类 江苏考情（2026） 命题规律 一、语篇选材 与主题语境 12篇，选材维度，无单独设题 【主题分布】科学与技术5篇（淮安“人造太阳”、南通AI天气预报、常州泡沫混凝土跑道拦阻系统、无锡人工光合作用、宿迁人形机器人）；社会文化与生活5篇（镇江饮食文化、常州GoodGym公益健身、宿迁马年生肖文化、苏州阿那亚戏剧节、扬州中华图书特殊贡献奖）；自然与生态2篇（扬州《Nature of Portland》自然观察指南、连云港eDNA河流物种调查）。 【文本形态】多为4—6段的外刊、科普改编文，专业词均以括号夹注（核聚变、兆帕、光合作用等）；南通配结构示意图与a—d词块表、苏州配活动海报、扬州配物种信息表，属“文字+图表”复合文本。 【规律】选材全部落在课标“人与社会”“人与自然”两大主题语境，未出现“人与自我”类抒情、叙事文本；科技类占比最高（5/12），其中淮安、常州、宿迁3篇以中国科研进展或中国应用场景为主体，价值导向鲜明；语篇骨架高度同构——新闻或现象导入、原理与功能说明、现实困难、进展与展望，为段落功能题、结构图题提供稳定抓手；难度控制依靠夹注生词、短句与明确指代，长难句以定语从句、宾语从句、被动语态为主。 【备考指向】按“科技—文化—生态”三条线建主题语篇库，优先选用中国科技题材科普文；读文先看标题、图表与夹注，再定位首末段功能。 二、细节理解题 16题，占34.0% 【设题分布】淮安7；南通10、11；常州14、15、19；无锡21；宿迁26；苏州33、34；扬州36、37、40、42；连云港45、46，共16题。 【设问形态】以Why、How、What引导的单句疑问为主（如How does “artificial sun” produce energy?），答案多可在原文1—2句内定位。 【特殊形态】南通10用a—d词块配“ab／ad／bc／cd”组合选项，须跨图表提取；苏州33据海报“June 17th—June 28th”计算12天；扬州42须从信息表“Flowers”栏提取得名原因；连云港46为概念界定（What is eDNA?）。 【规律】细节题仍是基本盘，但“照抄原句”型基本消失：16题中5题须跨句、跨段或跨图表整合（南通10、苏州33、34、扬州42、连云港46）；四个选项同构，多为主谓或动宾短语，干扰项集中在偷换对象、扩大范围、颠倒因果、无中生有四类；题干一律问句化，不再用“Which is TRUE”式四句比对。 【备考指向】固化“圈题干关键词—定位原文—比对同义替换”三步；增设海报、表格、示意图的转述训练；建“四型干扰项”错题清单。 三、词义猜测 与指代理解 4题，占8.5% 【设题分布】常州18（collapse，四选一释义Break）；扬州41（natives，四个长句释义）；淮安8（“this achievement”指代，选项为四个“已完成”的事实陈述）；宿迁30（“they”指代，选项为Sensors／Machines／AI systems／Humanoid robots），共4题。 【考查落点】2题考语境词义，2题考回指关系；选项不设字面直译，均须回到语境中验证。 【规律】词义题只考语境义：collapse靠“enough strength to support…but weak enough to collapse when hit”的对立关系判定，natives靠后句“have long made their homes here”的同义复现。指代题专设“最近名词”干扰——“this achievement”须跨1亿摄氏度、1 000秒两个数据回指“部分工况条件已达成”，“they”须排除紧邻的AI systems而取段落主语humanoid robots。 【备考指向】练定义、举例、对比、因果四类语境线索；指代题坚持“回指对象+数／性／逻辑一致”双验证，先划主干再代入原句。 四、语篇结构 与句际衔接 8题（含5个空），占17.0% 【设题分布】南通13（据结构图选“①→②→③④→⑤”）；无锡22（给定句复原至段首：Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn't enough.）；宿迁27（▲处段首句复位：Horses are clever.）。 【材料形态】南通结构图以Leading the topic、Showing facts、Listing problems、Offering solutions四标签设题，将③④两段并作“列举问题”一组。 【规律】江苏把“语篇结构”独立设题，形态最全：整篇选句填空、图示结构选择、单句复位三类并存，覆盖12篇中的4篇；空位与复位点固定在总起句、转折句、承上启下句；判定依据高度稳定，即代词回指、逻辑连接词（However／In fact／Of course／So）、同义复现与上下位概念；结构图题还要求识别并列段群，属纯文本之外的图示转译。 【备考指向】每篇读后画“功能结构图”（导入—事实或原理—问题—方案—展望）；七选五专练“代词、连接词、复现词”三线索并排“多余项”；段首句复位先验证后文例证能否支撑该句。 五、推理判断 与写作意图 10题，占21.3% 【设题分布】淮安6（首段列举多种能源的目的）；南通12（两次提及香港天文台的目的）；宿迁29（首段引入WuBOT表演的目的）；无锡23（以Pushkar引语收尾的目的）；连云港44（首段目的）；常州16（Krekel的态度）；宿迁25（第2段让事实更有趣的手法）；宿迁31、苏州35、连云港47（可推知或可知），共10题。 【设问措辞】Why does the writer mention／end…?；What's the purpose of the first paragraph?；What is Krekel's attitude towards…? 【规律】本类是江苏卷的加重区，占比21.3%，其中段落、举例、引语、首段功能类5题，为最高频设问；答案不能照抄原文，须从“形式—功能”推出（引出话题、佐证观点、形成对比、增强说服力、收束升华）；态度题靠评价性形容词与转折判断（“We are very glad…improvements”即支持）；写作手法题（列数字）与可推知题各占少数，正确项多为上位概括，错误项常张冠李戴或过度推断。 【备考指向】建“段落功能+引语、数据、举例功能”答题框架；态度题抓评价词、转折与引语归属；推知题坚持文中有据，不凭常识。 六、主旨概括 与标题归纳 9题，占19.1% 【设题分布】标题题4题：淮安9、无锡24（▲标题填空）、宿迁32、扬州39；全文主旨1题：宿迁28；段落主旨2题：常州17、扬州38（What is Paragraph X mainly about?）；写作目的2题：常州20、扬州43，共9题。 【选项设计】标题项统一为“核心对象+核心判断”的对举式：Artificial Sun: Future Energy Hope／Not Just For Plants／Connected by Literature，四项共用同一对象，只在判断上分层。 【规律】标题题4题，为最高频的单一题型，与全文主旨、段落主旨、写作目的合计覆盖12篇中的7篇，已过半数篇目设有主旨类题目；错误项三类特征清晰：以偏概全（只覆盖一段，如“The types of humanoid robots”）、范围过大（“More Choices For Oil”）、偏离文体（写成广告或方法说明）；段落主旨题集中于原理段与过程段，须剔除例证与数据后提炼概括句。 【备考指向】标题题三步定标：定对象、定核心判断、查是否覆盖全文；段落主旨练“首尾句+例证归属”；写作目的题区分介绍、说明、倡议、比较四类动词。 【注：本表以2026年江苏省相关地市中考英语真题中的12篇说明文为样本（见本文档的第二部分“一年真题分类”）；按考点分类汇总设题城市、题号与设问形态，提炼命题规律与备考指向】 1 （2026·江苏盐城）Think all plants are just gentle growers? Then you’ll be amazed by their special ways to live. Most plants live on nutrients (养料) from the soil. But the Venus flytrap is a special plant that eats insects. It only lives in poor soil. It uses something sweet in its leaves to attract insects. When an insect touches its leaves twice, the leaves close quickly. Then the plant can take in food from the insect. The forest might seem quiet, but that doesn’t mean the plants aren’t “talking”. Sometimes trees send each other messages underground through a system of roots and fungi. For example, when under attack, a tree can send messages to nearby trees. Even better: The trees don’t need to be the same kind to communicate. Some plants have special smells. The corpse flower smells like dead meat. The smell will attract the insects which lay their eggs on dead animals. These insects can help spread the pollen (花粉) among the plants. The corpse flower comes out only once every 7 to 10 years — that might not be a bad thing since it smells so bad. Some plants can even “learn”. The mimosa plant usually curls (弯曲) up its leaves when it is touched. However, if it is touched many times and no danger comes, its leaves will no longer curl for over a month. Why? Scientists think it saves energy perhaps to shake off insects. How wonderful the natural world is! Step out, and more mysteries are waiting for you to explore. 1．What is special about the Venus flytrap? A．It is a meat eater. B．It can warn of danger. C．It lives in rich soil. D．It has a good memory. 2．How does the writer organize the paragraph about “talking” trees? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving examples. 3．Why do some plants smell special? A．To show they are dying. B．To keep themselves safe. C．To catch insects’ attention. D．To save energy to grow better. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Steps to explore nature. B．Plants’ smart ways to grow. C．Unusual abilities of insects. D．Living conditions of plants. 2 （2026·江苏淮安）In modern society, energy plays an important role in human activities. Generally, fossil fuels (化石燃料) are limited and unfriendly to our environment, while wind and water energy, though clean, can be easily influenced by weather conditions. The present nuclear plants (核电站) probably harm our environment. There is nothing like the sun to provide humans with unlimited clean energy. Under the guidance of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan, Chinese scientists are working harder to build a kind of “artificial (人造的) sun”. What is it like? Of course, it’s not the sun above our heads that provides energy for lives on Earth. In fact, it’s a special machine designed to make the nuclear fusion (核聚变) happen, similar to that of the sun. Nuclear fusion happens when lighter atomic nuclei (原子核) join together to form heavier atomic nuclei. Through this process, a huge amount of energy is produced. Unlike the present nuclear energy production method, this new way is environmentally friendly. However, producing practical energy from a nuclear fusion machine has many requirements, such as reaching temperatures above 100 million degrees for thousands of seconds. It is a must for the continuous energy production. That is very hard to achieve. Besides, making sure of its controllability is also a challenge. A report presented by Chinese scientists said that China’s controllable nuclear fusion energy development is entering a decisive period. The machines, such as the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, or EAST in Hefei, have set world records by keeping temperatures above 100 million degrees for more than 1,000 seconds. It means inside the test machines, humans have created the needed environment for future fusion plants for the first time. So far, no other country in the world has made this achievement. China’s fusion research has developed a lot in recent years. In November 2025, China put forward a research plan to build the BEST machine, China’s next-generation (下一代) “artificial sun”. Once completed by the end of 2027, BEST will do tests and check its working abilities. Even though there are many challenges, China has been making great progress in fusion energy with world records continuously broken. Controllable nuclear fusion, as one of the main projects during our country’s 15th Five-Year Plan period, brings the hope of clean and rich energy a step closer to reality. 6．Why does the writer mention different kinds of energy in Paragraph 1? A．To explain their influences. B．To list the progress made by China. C．To find out their differences. D．To show the value of “artificial sun”. 7．How does “artificial sun” produce energy? A．By repeating testing the sun. B．By working like the sun. C．By gathering the sun’s atomic nuclei. D．By getting heat from the sun. 8．What do the underlined words “this achievement” refer to (指) in Paragraph 4? A．Earlier test results have been confirmed. B．Correct working steps have been followed. C．Possible test reasons have been explained. D．Some working conditions have been reached. 9．What’s the best title for the text? A．“Artificial Sun”: Future World Record B．“Artificial Sun”: Future Energy Hope C．“Artificial Sun”: Future Fuel Provider D．“Artificial Sun”: Future Science Leader 3 （2026·江苏南通）①Weather changes all the time, and so does the technology which is used to forecast (预报) it. Nowadays, AI-powered forecasting models are being developed to make weather predictions faster and more accurate (精准的). ②AI can collect and process more kinds of information than before. In the past, forecasts mainly depended on temperature, wind, and air pressure. Now, AI models can provide information, including city maps, population data, and even electricity usage records. For example, the Hong Kong Observatory uses computer vision, an AI method, to study radar pictures of rain. This helps scientists know the speed and direction of rain clouds. ③However, some weather events are still hard to forecast. Traditional models work well for large systems, such as areas of high or low pressure. But small, local events, like sudden rainstorms or tornadoes, are harder to predict. Reducing the grid (网格) size of a weather model helps. But the large number of processing makes it impossible to use traditional methods. ④Rain predictions near the equator are often less accurate than in other places. One reason is that the difference in tropical rainfall systems affects the predictions. Another reason is that observation systems are not equally good worldwide. ⑤At present, there are many ways to improve forecasts. With AI, weather forecasting is becoming faster, cheaper, and more accurate. For example, Nvidia’s CorrDiff model uses AI to produce more detailed forecasts quickly with less energy. Even the Hong Kong Observatory can make rain forecasts only a few hours ahead. 10．According to Paragraph 2, what information can AI models provide? a. city maps b. computer vision c. transport data d. electricity usage records A．ab B．ad C．bc D．cd 11．What makes rain predictions near the equator less accurate? A．The large number of processing. B．The equally good observation stations. C．The smaller grid size of a weather model. D．The difference in tropical rainfall systems. 12．Why does the writer mention the Hong Kong Observatory twice? A．To compare two main ways. B．To list different climate systems. C．To exchange ideas about forecasts. D．To give a good example of using AI. 13．According to the chart, which structure of the following is correct? (① — Paragraph…) A．①→②→③④→⑤ B．①②→③→④→⑤ C．①→②→③→④⑤ D．①→②③→④→⑤ 4 （2026·江苏常州）Combining (结合) exercise with community service is the main task of GoodGym, an organization that encourages the UK people to get fit by doing good. Members of it don’t need to pay for their exercise. All that is needed is their strong wish to walk, run or ride and willingness to do local volunteer work. GoodGym began in 2007 when Ivo Gormley, who set up the organization, started running to send a newspaper to an old person in his neighbourhood. At the time, Gormley wasn’t doing any exercise and missed being part of a basketball team. “I just didn’t like the idea of going to a gym (体育馆). I thought I could do something more useful with my exercise,” he said. For Gormley, he wanted to make it as easy as possible for people to stay in shape and serve the community. “If you are interested, you can have a try,” Gormley said. “You don’t have to come back if you don’t like it. It’s a really easy way to take part.” The chance to meet people is a key part that attracts members, Gormley said. He said a recent survey showed that many young people wanted to get away from phone screens and to have more in-person communication. Members of GoodGym sometimes have dinner together when their volunteer work is done. Christian Krekel, from the London School of Economics, spent two years studying if GoodGym’s combination of volunteering and exercise can do extra good to mental (心理的) health. “We are very glad to find improvements in all six parts of mental health, with 3,600 members reporting feeling less lonely and more satisfied with their lives. They also feel more closely connected with others,” Krekel said. 14．Why did Gormley set up GoodGym? A．To build his newspaper business. B．To get a chance to go to a gym. C．To keep in touch with a basketball team. D．To give extra meaning to exercise. 15．What makes GoodGym different? A．It serves the youth more. B．It has a clear and strict rule. C．It connects exercise with doing good. D．It prevents members from using phones. 16．What is Krekel’s attitude (态度) towards GoodGym? A．He doubts it. B．He welcomes it. C．He has no interest in it. D．He worries about its influence. 5 （2026·江苏常州）Chinese researchers have developed a new system that can gently stop hundred-ton aircraft during emergency (紧急的) landings on the runway. The system has recently received a national creation award. The researchers developed a new material called foam (泡沫) concrete (混凝土). It looks like common concrete but weighs just 200 kg per cubic metre—about a tenth of the weight of standard concrete. When an aircraft runs into it, the material creates a “soft stopper” that takes in energy through controlled breaking. This allows the plane to slow down smoothly and finally stop safely. Landing is one of the most dangerous periods of flight. International air travel rules require a safety area of at least 90 metres beyond runways. In the past, the area was filled with water, grass, soil, or sand. All of them had disadvantages: Water could become hard ice or attract wildlife, while soil strength changed with weather. The key challenge is controlling how the foam concrete breaks down. It must have enough strength to support aircraft wheels but be weak enough to collapse when hit. For example, for large passenger planes, its strength must fall exactly between 0.30 and 0.35 megapascals (兆帕). Unlike earlier foreign designs that depended on expensive but not long-lasting concrete, the Chinese team developed a method that made the system cheaper and more lasting. They also developed methods to put millions of bubbles into the material and control the way it turns hard, making sure it works well even after being used in the open air for a long time. The system has now been used at 14 airports across China. Tests show that after one year, the material’s properties (性能) change by only 3%, proving its high quality. 17．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What the material looks like. B．How the material is made. C．What makes the system work well. D．How the system is developed. 18．What does the underlined word “collapse” most probably mean? A．Break. B．Form. C．Appear. D．Burn. 19．What is the key advantage of the system? A．It can stop an aircraft in a shorter time. B．It can slow down an aircraft smoothly. C．It can create a safety area of over 90 metres. D．It can be used in the open air. 20．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a new runway safety system. B．To explain a new flying technology. C．To describe some possible landing methods. D．To compare two different safety materials. 6 （2026·江苏无锡）Photosynthesis: ▲ ? You might already know the basics of how photosynthesis (光合作用) works. Plants use sunlight to make the food they need to live. But one day we might be able to use photosynthesis to run our cars, heat our homes, and more! Scientists are working on it right now! Plants are like machines that turn light into food using chlorophyll, which helps them use the sun’s energy to split (分离) water into hydrogen (氢) and oxygen. Plants turn hydrogen into food, but if we can find out how to use the sun to split water, we could use hydrogen as fuel (燃料). Scientists can already split water into hydrogen with a machine called an electrolyzer. But today’s electrolyzers run on electricity, which often comes from a power station that uses fossil fuels, such as oil and natural gas. This can cause pollution and produce greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Using the sun to create hydrogen could be a cleaner form of energy. It’s called artificial photosynthesis. Yulia Pushkar is a scientist who’s working on artificial photosynthesis at Purdue University in Indiana. “If we want to create artificial photosynthesis, we have to create a material which will take in the light and split the water,” Dr. Pushkar says. Luckily, Dr. Pushkar and her team have done just that. They have created materials that split water into hydrogen under light. There’s a problem, though that sounds great. The best electrolyzers have iridium (铱) inside. Iridium is very rare. Now she’s working on a different way to make hydrogen from sunlight by using iron. Iron is very abundant on Earth. So, it’s much easier and cheaper to find than iridium. We also need to be able to use it in our cars and homes. Most cars today still use gasoline. If we can make and use hydrogen, we won’t run out of it. And it doesn’t produce harmful greenhouse gases. Dr. Pushkar is hopeful about artificial photosynthesis. “We and other researchers around the world are working hard to develop clean energy,” she says. “Our artificial photosynthesis is the way forward.” 21．Why does Dr Pushkar use iron instead of iridium in the research? A．Because of its richness. B．Because of its quality. C．Because of its weight. D．Because of its power. 22．The following sentence can best be put at the beginning of ________. Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn’t enough. A．Paragraph 5 B．Paragraph 6 C．Paragraph 7 D．Paragraph 8 23．Why does the writer end the passage with Dr. Pushkar’s words? A．To describe her valuable daily work. B．To prove her contributions to the research. C．To show her confidence in the research. D．To thank her team and other researchers. 24．Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲ ? A．Not Just For Plants B．More Than Just Sunlight C．More Choices For Oil D．Not Good For Fossil Fuels 7 （2026·江苏宿迁） The year 2026 marks the Year of the Horse in the Chinese lunar calendar. Horses are liked by people all over the world. But how much do you know about them? The eyes of horses are located on the sides of their heads, so they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can move their ears to hear sounds. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. This helps horses breathe in lots of oxygen when they run and play. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up. Isn’t it amazing? Though horses may be of less practical importance in modern society, their spirits still run deeply through Chinese culture. We can experience them in many Chinese idioms (习语). A talented person is often called Qianlima, an energetic horse that covers a thousand li a day. If someone takes the lead in an activity, we will say Yimadangxian. Besides, there are also some horse-related English idioms. A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning. A workhorse is a person who does a lot of work without complaints. ▲ They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation (分离). Horses are loyal. They stick to their owners through wind and rain and never leave easily. Horses are determined (坚定的). They keep finishing long-distance races no matter how tired they are. People born in the Year of the Horse are said to share such good qualities. So, do you have a friend or a family member who enjoys 2026 as his or her animal year? 25．How does the writer make the facts about horses more interesting in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing ideas. C．By asking questions. D．By using time order. 26．What do you call a little-known person who surprises everyone by winning in Paragraph 3? A．Qianlima. B．Yimadangxian. C．A dark horse. D．A workhorse. 27．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．Horses are brave. B．Horses are clever. C．Horses are energetic. D．Horses are powerful. 28．What is the text mainly about? A．Horses are easily tired. B．Horses are determined. C．Some horse-related Chinese idioms. D．Some features and spirits of horses. 8 （2026·江苏宿迁） At the CCTV 2026 Spring Festival Gala, a fun performance called WuBOT became very popular, where over 20 G1 and H2 humanoid robots, together with some martial arts students, performed traditional Chinese kung fu. The performance connects traditional kung fu with the modern AI-powered humanoid robots. Humanoid robots, which have a lot of important parts like sensors (传感器) and AI systems, are machines that look and act like human beings. Then why are they made like human beings? This is because most things around us, like doors and stairs, are made for our size and shape. If they look like us, they can use these things like we do. As a result, we don’t need to make big changes to these things. This can save a lot of money and time. Humanoid robots serve as new tools that work with and for humans in different fields. In the factories, humanoid robots carry car parts, pack goods and move boxes. They actually do the boring repeated human work. At home, they help clean floors, tidy rooms, make coffee and iron the clothes. In hospitals, they send medicine and help nurses lift patients. Schools buy humanoid robots for STEM classes. Shopping malls and restaurants use them to give performances to welcome guests. Most importantly, humanoid robots can work as policemen going on patrols (巡逻) in our neighborhood, and this provides us with a safe environment. Nowadays, with the fast development of science and technology, humanoid robots have been developing quickly from lab inventions to real-life helpers. More companies have started to produce them in large numbers. Because of mass production, the cost of humanoid robots has dropped a lot, so even small workshops can afford them. By 2050, there will be about 930 million humanoid robots doing simple jobs. Around 80 million humanoid robots will work in homes. China will probably have the world’s most humanoid robots. Some experts believe that they will become as common as household appliances (家用电器) in the future. 29．Why does the writer mention the fun performance WuBOT in Paragraph 1? A．To advertise a TV programme. B．To lead in the topic of the text. C．To introduce the Spring Festival Gala. D．To spread traditional Chinese kung fu. 30．What does the word “they” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Sensors. B．Machines. C．AI systems. D．Humanoid robots. 31．What can we learn about humanoid robots in Paragraph 3? A．They can only do the repeated work. B．They have taken the place of humans. C．They are widely used in different fields. D．They have developed slowly at present. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The types of humanoid robots B．The shapes of humanoid robots C．The appearance of humanoid robots D．The introduction to humanoid robots 9 （2026·江苏苏州） The 2026 Aranya Theater Festival presents 34 productions from 14 countries, aiming to draw worldwide attention. The festival opens with City of Fiction, adapted (改编) from Yu Hua’s novel. It tells the story of a young man from northern China who starts a journey south in search of an imaginary city. The festival also presents a lot of other highly expected works. One such show is Na Han, a Chinese-German production adapted from the short story collection by Lu Xun. It explores themes like family relationships. Dans la tempete continue is a French-Chinese production, which focuses on the dynamics (动态) within a family. Besides drama performances, the festival offers other activities such as workshops and street shows, making visitors’ cultural experiences richer. 33．How many days does the festival last? A．12 days. B．14 days. C．28 days. D．34 days. 34．What do Na Han and Dans la tempete continue have in common? A．They tell the story of the young. B．They try to explore family themes. C．They are French-Chinese productions. D．They are adapted from Lu Xun’s works. 35．What do we know about the festival according to the passage? A．It opens with a foreign production. B．It allows visitors to direct a drama. C．It is to draw Chinese people’s attention. D．It is an international event held in China. 10 （2026·江苏扬州）16 winners from 12 countries were awarded at the 18th Special Book Awards of China held in Beijing in June 2025. Aleksei Rodionov, professor of Chinese studies at Saint Petersburg University, is a winner of the award in translating. This award is the highest national award. It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. “As a sinologist (汉学家) and translator of Chinese literature, this award will encourage me to do more and do better in promoting cultural exchanges between Russia and China,” said the professor. Rodionov said that he feels a special connection with China when he thought about his journey in Chinese literature. “I was born on the Russian-Chinese border. From the moment I was born, I had a connection with China. As someone with a great interest in foreign languages, I naturally chose to learn Chinese. That’s how I started the journey of studying the Chinese language and literature,” he noted. To the professor, translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task. “Translating Chinese literary (文学的) works is my lifelong calling. It brings me joy and gives my life a deeper sense of purpose,” he said. For decades, Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature, having translated 26 works by Chinese authors such as Lao She. “Literary works are an important gateway to understanding Chinese culture and the Chinese people. They are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds. In Russia, authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua are very popular,” said the professor. 36．What was Aleksei Rodionov awarded for? A．Translating Chinese literature. B．Studying the Chinese language. C．Teaching Russian in China. D．Publishing a book in Chinese. 37．What do we know about the award? A．It is held in Beijing every three years. B．It is the highest national award in Russia. C．It encourages Chinese writers, translators and publishers. D．It praises foreigners’ efforts in spreading Chinese culture. 38．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Rodionov’s research into Chinese literature. B．Rodionov’s understanding of translation. C．Rodionov’s experiences of learning Chinese. D．Rodionov’s findings of Russian readers. 39．What is the best title for the text? A．Connected by Literature B．Comparing Cultural Differences C．Rodionov’s Learning Journey in China D．Rodionov’s Exchange Program with China 11 （2026·江苏扬州）If you want to learn new stories about familiar plants and animals, and discover new species (物种) to plant in your own yard, Nature of Portland, is a must for you. Most of this book is about which plants and animals are natives in Portland (a city in Oregon, USA). Many plants and animals in this book have long made their homes here. In this field guide, filled with local knowledge and humor, LeeAnn Kriegh describes more than 350 plants and animals found within an hour’s ride of Portland, Inside you’ll discover: ● Common and scientific names ● Key details like size, bloom (flowering) time, and months seen ● Local natural history, ecology, stories, and fun facts ● Details on where to find every species ● Beautiful full-color photos of every species Take Western Starflower from the book as an example. Western Starflower (Lysimachia latifolia) Flowers: Late spring to early summer Late spring is a magical time to explore trails in the Portland area, as birds are singing, and colorful blooms are coming out on wildflowers like this one. Western starflower’s pinkish blooms stand out against the backdrop of the plant’s big, broad, deep-green leaves (latifolia translates to “broad-leaved”). A lot of flowers are in the shape of a star, but species like this one win the starflower name because of their thin flower stalks (茎). They make the flowers seem to fly in the air like stars. ID tips: 2-12 inches tall. Look for a whorl of four to seven broadly oval leaves (up to 3.5 inches long) with pointed tips. Up to a few star-shaped pink flowers (up to 0.75 inches wide) bloom on thin flower stalks, each with five to seven pointed petals (花瓣). Locations: Locally common in shady, wet woods, including at Oxbow Regional Park and Powell Butte Nature Park. At the back of the book, you’ll find 10 “treasure hunts” in the Portland area. The species are waiting to be found. Reading about plants and animals is fun, but getting outside to experience and connect with nature is what Nature of Portland is all about. 40．What is Nature of Portland? A．A fun, friendly guide to local plants and animals. B．A photo collection of plants and animals in danger. C．A field guide to the city’s places of interest. D．A book mainly about some famous local landscapes. 41．What does the underlined word “natives” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Animals or plants that live in the sea. B．Animals that kill and eat other animals. C．Animals or plants that live or grow naturally in a place. D．Unusual and exciting plants, especially from other countries. 42．In the table about Western Starflower, what can you get from the Flowers part? A．How tall the flower is. B．How many leaves the flower has. C．Why the flower gets its name. D．Which parks you can visit to see the flower. 43．What is the purpose of the text? A．To show how to write a book review. B．To tell readers what to expect from the book. C．To give advice on what to grow in your yard. D．To encourage readers to find new local plants. 12 （2026·江苏连云港）Some of the most beautiful rivers in the UK are from underground springs, which create perfect conditions for wildlife to live. To understand how healthy the rivers really are, scientists keep watching them for numbers of species (物种) over time. This can show how well a habitat can manage stress such as rising temperatures, reduced rainfall and pollution. Traditionally, researchers survey rivers by going out themselves and searching for plants, animals or signs of their presence (存在). This method works, but it takes much time and can miss some species not present during the survey. A new project called GeneFlow tries a new technology — environmental DNA (eDNA). When a species — for example, a fish — moves through the environment, it drops bits of itself all the time, from dead skin cells to faeces (粪便). The DNA in these materials is known as environmental DNA (eDNA). If someone tests a sample (样本) of the water, these pieces of DNA can show the recent presence of the fish, though no fish is seen. This technology allows scientists to find species that we cannot see with our eyes, so that we can learn more about the rivers. GeneFlow aims to explore the species in 10 rivers across the UK. Beyond information collection, it also aims to connect people with their local rivers. With instructions, members of the public have helped to collect water samples from chosen rivers. Scientists are still studying the water samples, but the early results are promising: nearly 2000 species have been discovered so far, including protected species such as eels and water voles at many places. Several riverfly species — key signs of water quality — were also recorded. 44．What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To list possible dangers to the habitats. B．To describe the rivers’ health conditions. C．To explain the importance of river surveys. D．To introduce some beautiful rivers in the UK. 45．What’s the problem with the traditional method to survey rivers? A．It pollutes the rivers. B．It doesn’t work at all. C．It wastes time finding rivers. D．It can miss hidden species. 46．What is eDNA? A．The DNA of a certain fish in the UK. B．The technology of collecting water samples. C．The technology of preventing water pollution. D．The DNA of species found in the environment. 47．What can we learn about the GeneFlow Project from the last two paragraphs? A．It has found positive results so far. B．It has protected species at many places. C．Its researchers have completed their study. D．Its researchers collected samples in person. 1 （2026·江苏淮安·一模）It’s clear that the world will be quite different in the year 2045. But what changes might we see? It’s pretty likely that robots and AI technology will bring great changes to jobs. Also, self-driving and flying cars will come into our daily life, making our lives easier. Scientists have even bigger ideas in a video called To the Future. Dr. Juraz believes we might be able to control things around us simply with our thoughts. “Imagine that you could use simple devices to connect to your mind and control things around you simply by thinking about it.” Juraz says. According to him, scientists are working on the technologies that can make this happen. They’ve made some progress already. The future has more than just that. Steven says that we’ll be able to create very strong but light things. New materials will change the way we build everything from cars to spacecraft. Imagine cars are safer, more energy-saving, and able to carry heavier things. Lighter spacecraft could mean great cuts in the cost and make more exploration goals possible. Panny believes that our relationship with machines will change. She says, “I think one day we can tell a machine what to do with just a button or a few simple words.” For example, pilots have to follow many steps for a plane to take off. But in 2045, according to Panny, “Prepare for taking off,” and the computer will do the rest. Or maybe, we won’t even need pilots. These are just a few of the many possible changes that 2045 might bring. It makes us wonder what other surprises the future holds. Will there be new forms of energy that change our lives? 1．What writing method does the writer use in Paragraph 4 when talking about Panny’s ideas? A．Using famous sayings. B．Making comparisons. C．Listing numbers. D．Giving examples. 2．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following ideas is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．People may control things with their thoughts. B．Machines will follow simple human commands. C．New energy forms will solve pollution problems. D．New materials will be used in cars and spacecraft. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Video About Famous Scientists B．Possible Changes in the World by 2045 C．The Importance of New Materials and AI D．Different Opinions on Science Development 2 （2026·江苏泰州·一模）Imagine drinking warm water instead of cold drinks, making pear soup on a lazy evening, or practising baduanjin (八段锦) to start your day. Nowadays, these are no longer only Chinese habits. More and more foreigners are falling in love with Chinese daily habits, and the idea of “Becoming Chinese” is winning hearts all over the world. From New York to London, foreigners are sharing their “Chinese-style days,” showing that you needn’t change your nationality to love Chinese daily life. What makes these habits so popular? For most people, it is because they are good for health and easy to do. Unlike expensive gym cards or expensive health products, Chinese daily habits are cheap and easy to learn. “Drinking warm water makes my stomach feel much better,” a US life blogger said. Another user said that 10 minutes of baduanjin every day has fixed her sleep problems. The small changes fit people’s wish for a slower, healthier lifestyle—no wonder this trend (趋势) became popular! Two main reasons make this craze spread quickly: policy and technology. China has made visiting easier by making the transit visa-free (过境免签) time longer from 144 to 240 hours for travelers from 55 countries. Foreign visitors have taken this chance to walk on city streets, try local food, and share their trips online. Also, translation tools and social media let these daily moments spread fast—even if you can’t speak Chinese, you can easily follow a baduanjin guide and join the fun. This trend is not only about habits—it is about seeing China beyond kung fu, pandas and old palaces. As friends from all over the world enjoy warm daily joys like ginger tea, congee and baduanjin to relax, it shows that Chinese culture is not only for watching but also for living and enjoying. With easier travel rules and smarter translation tools, more people will discover its charm. The “Becoming Chinese” craze is not a short-lived thing—it is a sweet start to closer cultural ties around the world. 5．Why does the writer mention Chinese daily habits like drinking warm water in the beginning? A．To give readers advice. B．To introduce the topic. C．To show the differences. D．To explain Chinese culture. 6．What does the underlined word “craze” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．A popular trend. B．A short-lived thing. C．A traditional culture. D．A new kind of technology. 7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Chinese daily habits are expensive but easy to learn. B．Chinese culture is only suitable for watching, not for living. C．Visa-free policy makes it easier for foreign visitors to come to China. D．Smarter translation tools have no influence on the discovery of Chinese culture. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the “Becoming Chinese” trend? A．Worried. B．Unsure. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 9．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to Learn Chinese Daily Habits B．Chinese Daily Habits Win Global Hearts C．The Popularity of Chinese Travel Culture D．The Secrets Behind Chinese Popular Symbols 3 （2026·江苏盐城·一模） China has many ancient towers. They are famous not only for their beautiful appearance and smart building designs, but also for their close connections with Chinese literature and art. Among these towers, Yueyang Tower is one of the best examples. Yueyang Tower lies in Hunan Province, in the south-central part of China. It faces Dongting Lake, which is one of the largest freshwater lakes in China. History of Yueyang Tower It was first built during the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280 AD). At the beginning, it was used as a high platform (平台) for army training. Later, it was called the Baling Tower after the name of a nearby city. During the Tang Dynasty (618—907 AD), Baling City was renamed Yueyang City and the tower became Yueyang Tower. The tower has been repaired and rebuilt many times over the years. The one we see today was completed in 1879 during the Qing Dynasty. ▲ The tower has three floors and is 25.35 meters high, with an area of 251 square meters. It is special because it is made completely of wood, with no nails or rivets (铆钉). Moreover, instead of different kinds of hip roofs (屋顶) commonly seen in China, its roof looks like ancient helmets. Now, in China, it is the largest surviving ancient building that features a helmet roof. Cultural value of Yueyang Tower Standing on the tower, people can enjoy amazing views of Dongting Lake. So, it has long been a popular place for visitors and artists. Many famous poets in Chinese history, including Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi, wrote widely read poems. However, none of them is as popular as the article, On Yueyang Tower (岳阳楼记), written by Fan Zhongyan (989—1052 AD). Today, his famous words “To be the first to worry about the nation’s troubles, and the last to enjoy the nation’s happiness” encourage people to care more about the country and people than themselves, and do more good things for the nation. Yueyang Tower is widely known as one of the Three Great Towers south of the Yangtze River. There is no doubt that it is one of the treasures of traditional Chinese culture. 10．Where is Yueyang Tower located? A． B． C． D． 11．Which title can be put in the ▲ ? A．Materials of Yueyang Tower B．Features of Yueyang Tower C．Roof Style of Yueyang Tower D．Art works of Yueyang Tower 12．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Living without any worries. B．Always living a happy life. C．Putting the country and people before self. D．Caring more about other people. 13．What can we learn about the Yueyang Tower? A．The tower we see today was finished in 1879. B．It is the largest ancient building with a helmet roof. C．Most poets came here just to enjoy wonderful sights. D．It lies in south-central China facing the Yangtze river. 4 （2026·江苏无锡·一模） We seem to be living in an age of listening, where people often put on their headphones to enjoy different sounds and stories. Beyond music, a growing number of people in China are turning to different kinds of audio content such as podcasts, audiobooks and radio dramas. As a result, these changes are driving what people now call the “ear economy (经济)”. According to data analysis company iiMedia Research, the number of online audio listeners in China reached 747 million in 2024, making up about 68 percent of internet users. The market for the audio economy is expected to reach over 741 billion yuan by 2029. Audio products are becoming more popular because they are flexible and easy to use, Beijing Review said. They fit naturally into people’s daily routines, whether on their way to school or work, on a walk or before sleep. Listeners can easily open their favourite audio apps to enjoy different programs, relaxing while making the most of their free time. At the same time, rich and high-quality audio content meets people’s need to find knowledge and connection with others. For example, podcasts are informative and can bring listeners a sense of community. In recent years, growing business opportunities have also helped the ear economy. Audio creators can make money by way of ads, subscriptions (订阅) and digital gifts, while listeners are becoming more willing to pay for such content. As the “ear economy” grows quickly, many tech companies have introduced useful AI tools that make it easier for creators to get started. For example, in January 2025, NetEase launched a product that can turn text into podcasts right away and provide translations and AI notes rapidly. “Using our eyes to take in complex content can be tiring, but listening isn’t as tiring,” said Cheng Yanliang, founder of the cultural podcast Huzuo Huyou. Perhaps, in such a busy age, listening is the best way to live and grow. 14．Why are audio products popular according to Beijing Review? A．They are the cheapest form of entertainment. B．They require less internet data compared to videos. C．They are convenient and fit well into people’s busy life. D．They are pushed for heavily by media companies. 15．What does the author want to tell us by mentioning NetEase? A．AI will take the place of the audio creators. B．AI has changed the way listeners read texts. C．AI helps listeners improve their translation ability. D．AI helps reduce the difficulty of making audio content. 16．The following sentence can be put at the end of ________. They can also join WeChat fan groups and chat with hosts and other fans. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 17．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Joy for Free Time B．Future of AI Creation Tools C．Relaxing Ways of Life D．All Ears for Audio 5 （2026·江苏常州·一模） The mascot (吉祥物) for the 2026 “Happy Chinese New Year” international event is the lucky horse. China’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism has shown it to the public since 18th, December, 2025. The first idea for this mascot comes mostly from a famous old Chinese object—the Bronze Galloping Horse Treading on a Flying Swallow (马踏飞燕), which is from the Eastern Han Dynasty. Its main color is Chinese red. Red means happiness and a happy holiday feeling. To make the mascot more lovely, designers added lucky cloud patterns. They also used the style of “Wuhua horses“ from the Tang Dynasty. This makes the horse look lively and beautiful. Before they decided on the final design, the team talked with scientists that study old animals. At last, they chose the Zhada three-toed horse (札达三趾马) as the model. As a symbol of Chinese culture, the lucky horse is used in many international Spring Festival activities. It helps share traditional Chinese culture with people all over the world. The “Happy Chinese New Year” program has done well since 2001. It has built a strong link between Chinese culture and other cultures. These zodiac (生肖) mascots are very popular. They hold long—held cultural meanings and show new creative thoughts. They also give people around the world a good chance to learn about Chinese festivals. Every mascot, from the lucky rabbit to the lucky dragon, helps spread culture and shows how great Chinese culture is. This year’s lucky horse also keeps this good tradition and brings more nice surprises to the world. 18．What is the name of the famous old Chinese object that provided the main idea for the lucky horse mascot? A．The Zhada three-toed horse. B．The Wuhua horse. C．The Bronze Galloping Horse. D．The Flying Swallow horse. 19．Why did the designers use both the Tang Dynasty “Wuhua horse” style and the Zhada three-toed horse? A．To make it both simple and detailed. B．To make it both beautiful and true to history. C．To use both new technology and old designs. D．To balance international symbols with local traditions. 20．What is the main idea of the final paragraph? A．To describe the physical appearance of the lucky horse mascot. B．To show how zodiac mascots help share Chinese culture with the world. C．To compare the lucky horse with previous mascots like the rabbit and dragon. D．To explain the history of the “Happy Chinese New Year” program since 2001. 6 （2026·江苏宿迁·一模）If you have seen the movie Journey to the Center of the Earth (《地心历险记》), you may be impressed by the underground forest world. But such worlds exist in real life, too! In May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists found a giant sinkhole (天坑) in Leye county, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep. According to Xinhua News Agency, Leye county is called “the museum of sinkholes”, where people have found 30 sinkholes so far. These sinkholes are formed because of the unique karst landscape (喀斯特地貌). Karst is an area of land made up of limestone (石灰岩), which is a soft rock that dissolves (溶解)in water. When rainwater flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks slowly grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves. Over time, a cave can get too big and its ceiling (顶) then falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the giant size of China’s sinkholes. “In China, you have this incredibly, visually spectacular karst with enormous sinkholes. In other parts of the world, sinkholes might be quite subdued (压制的), only a meter or two in diameter (直径),” US researcher George Veni told Live Science. According to Xinhua, in the newly found sinkhole, researchers found trees up to 40 meters high and undergrowth (林下植物) that came up to their shoulders. Sinkholes don’t just look cool. They are gifts of life. Many of them are home to ancient plant, animal and microbe (微生物) life. They also provide a water source to 700 million people worldwide. 21．Why is Leye county called the “museum of sinkholes”? A．Because the oldest sinkhole is in the county. B．Because the sinkhole was found in the county C．Because the biggest sinkhole is in the county. D．Because there are many sinkholes in the county. 22．Compared to sinkholes in other countries, sinkholes in China are _______. A．much bigger in size B．rich in plant species C．home to ancient species D．a water source for many people 23．What is the passage mainly about? A．The movie Journey to the Center of the Earth. B．A newly found giant sinkhole in China. C．The history of Chinese giant sinkholes. D．Some facts about giant sinkholes. 7 （2026·江苏常州·一模）The Comedy Wildlife Photography Award began in 2015, with the idea that humour can help people understand and care more about the world’s wildlife. Each year, the organization publishes books and calendars featuring the top photos, and 10% of the money made from the competition is donated to a conservation charity (保护慈善机构). Here are some other fun photos from this year. The top prize went to a photograph of a dancing gorilla (大猩猩) named “High Five”, taken by Mark Meth Cohn from the UK. Mark recalled, “We spent four unforgettable days searching for gorilla families in Virunga Mountains. One day, we came across a large family group in a forest. The adults were looking for food while the young ones were playing. One young male was happily showing off by spinning, rolling and doing high kicks. It was a joy to watch him, and I was excited to have taken his playful spirit in this photo.” Paula Rustemeier from Germany won an award for her picture of playful foxes. She took it in a nature park where the foxes feel safe and can be seen during the day. Paula got very close to them! She said, “If you put in the time, you’ll find that the foxes usually get curious or see you as something natural, not dangerous.” Alison Tuck of the UK was highly praised for her picture of a gannet (塘鹅), which is a type of seabird. The bird is shown on a windy day with its face full of grass that it was trying to collect for its nest! Alison named her photograph “Now which direction is my nest?” 24．What is the main purpose of The Comedy Wildlife Photography Award? A．To raise money for wildlife conservation. B．To make people laugh at funny animal photos. C．To use humour to increase care for wildlife. D．To find the best wildlife photographers. 25．Why is Alison Tuck’s photo of the gannet considered funny? A．The gannet is collecting grass for its nest on a windy day. B．The gannet looks angry and is trying to attack the photographer. C．The gannet’s face is covered with grass, and it cannot see clearly. D．The gannet is flying in the wrong direction with grass in its mouth. 26．What do the three photos mentioned in the passage have in common? A．They were all taken in nature parks during the daytime. B．They all show wild animals behaving in a playful or funny way. C．They all won the top prize of the competition with their efforts. D．They were all taken by photographers from the UK. 8 （2026·江苏苏州·一模） We know elephants never get lost. People find some animals can easily find their way home like elephants. How do they make it? The answer is quite plain: they use nature as their guide. Although we know what they use, exactly how their brains work is sometimes still a secret. Certain kinds of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 meters and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert, so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometers through a dark forest. Some fishes have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides certain kinds of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.   However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we should simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals. 27．Which of the following meanings is suitable for the underlined word “plain”? A．Easy to understand. B．Quite important. C．Not beautiful. D．Very honest. 28．According to the passage, if a fish is far away from home, what may help it return? A．Its sense of smell. B．Other fish. C．The stars in the sky. D．Its strong memory. 29．What may be the writer’s advice for us? A．Building more cities for humans. B．Turning off some lights at night. C．Helping animals find their way home. D．Learning more about animals' habits. 30．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How scientists study animal behavior. B．What problems animals face in the desert. C．Why some animals live better than humans. D．How animals find their way using special abilities. 9 （2026·江苏常州·一模）In 2025, as the “double reduction” policy carries on, more parents realize just doing exercises blindly doesn’t work. In fact, 90% of students’ learning troubles come from not having a complete “brain thinking system”. This new idea, proposed by brain science researchers, has become a hot topic in education. It is bringing a big change to how students develop their learning habits and thinking skills. A study shows a complete brain thinking chain (链条) has six key parts: the start, the development, keeping on, feelings, self-check, and a clear structure. Many students feel learning is hard not because they are not smart, but because some parts of their thinking chain are broken. For example, if students fail to start properly, they will put off tasks; if they don’t persist, they will give up easily; and without self-check, their learning will not work well. To solve these problems, educational technology companies created the 4S brain training system, which helps students build a full thinking chain in a scientific way. The 4S system has changed students’ habits greatly. Zhang Yu, a Hebei high school student, used to be crazy about games and put off doing his homework. After the system’s time management training, he planned study with an app, raising his English score from 89 to 123. Lin Xia from Jiangsu stopped using the tiring “sea of questions” method and analyzed mistakes from different angles (角度) to build her self-check habits, and her logical thinking improved a lot. More importantly, the system helps develop key thinking skills. The 2025 World Digital Education Conference noticed the key of future education is technology-supported ability reconstruction (重构). The brain thinking chain training proves good habits and skills can be developed scientifically. This is very important for students to learn independently and face challenges in the future. 31．According to the passage, what is NOT a key part of a complete brain thinking chain? A．The start. B．Feelings. C．Self-check. D．Planning. 32．Which of the following is TRUE about the 4S brain training system? A．The system was created by the government to carry on the policy. B．Zhang Yu’s English score increased by using time management training. C．Lin Xia improved her logical thinking by using “sea of questions” training. D．The system can develop thinking skills without any homework. 33．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Brain Science B．How to Improve Students’ Learning Habits C．The 4S Brain Training System: Building a Complete Thinking Chain D．The Advantage of “Double Reduction” Policy on Students and Teachers 10 （2026·江苏南京·一模）Young people in China are showing off their style with fun bag charms. These small decorations hang from backpacks and swing as people walk. They have become a very popular fashion trend (趋势), driving a consumption boom known as the “bag-charm economy (包挂经济)”. These charms are more than just simple decorations; they help young people show who they are and create a new way of emotional (情感上的) connection. There is a wide variety of these bag charms. Some are soft, plush toys, while others get ideas from traditional Chinese culture or museum pieces. Some are even released (发行) as limited editions, making them especially attractive to young customers. For example, Xi’an Momo Dolls and Sanxingdui’s Bronze Mask series re-imagine traditional elements into new forms for modern youth. These “China-chic” designs turn bag charms into cultural bridges between the past and present. These charms offer more than just a decorative touch; they play a key role in breaking the ice among strangers. A shared charm can help people connect with just a smile. As the Chinese New Year came near, Vicky, who lives in Nanjing, bought clothes not just for her family, but for her Labubu charm. “I match charms to my mood and clothes,” she explains. “Sometimes they feel like emotional codes—shared understanding brings quick connections at once.” The charms have become popular because of the new and better ways of making them in places like Guangdong. Dongguan, known as the “designer toy capital”, has thousands of factories using smart technology to create new designs quickly. This kind of ability helps the industry follow market trends. It even makes it possible to produce things in small groups. Today, these charms are reshaping the international image of “Made in China” by telling stories rooted in local creativity. From Southeast Asia to the Americas, these small items are building emotional bonds with global customers and showing a special Eastern beauty. However, while enjoying these lovely charms, young people should keep their enthusiasm (热情) and reason in balance, avoiding impulsive purchases (冲动消费) and peer pressure. When we use them carefully, these small things can truly become the starlight that brightens daily lives. By joining Chinese creativity with emotional value, these tiny accessories (配饰) are ready to tell more and more interesting Chinese stories on the world stage, proving that even small things can have a big cultural influence.      34．Why are bag charms popular among young people in China according to the passage? A．They’re a must-have for matching clothes. B．They’re mainly used to show one’s collections. C．They come in different kinds including limited ones. D．They show the youth’s personalities and connections. 35．Which of the following can best show the style of “China-chic”? A． B． C． D． 36．Why did Vicky buy clothes for her Labubu charm before the Chinese New Year? A．To create good memories with friends. B．To go better with her mood and clothes. C．To have a closer connection with her family. D．To make her charm perfect for the celebration. 37．What can we infer from the writer’s advice in the last paragraph? A．It’s important to keep calm while following fashion trends. B．Peer pressure is the key reason why bag charms are popular. C．Young people mainly use bag charms to show their personalities. D．Buying lovely bag charms is the best way to brighten daily lives. 38．What is the best title for this passage? A．Dongguan: The designer toy capital B．Small accessories, big cultural influence C．Popular bag charms among young people D．Changes in young people’s shopping habits 11 （2026·江苏扬州·一模）If you’ve ever picked up plastic while cleaning a beach, you may have held more than waste in your hands. A new study shows microplastics—small plastic pieces under 5 mm—are quickly covered by harmful bacteria (细菌). This turns small plastic pieces, wrappers and bottles on the beach into vehicles (载体) for carrying diseases. Microplastics now cover every part of the earth. They are in plastic products and in the air we breathe. More than 125 trillion pieces float in the ocean, and more are found in rivers, soils, animals, and even the human body. But scientists say that the danger is not just the plastic itself: it’s the Plastisphere (塑料表层菌群)—the thin layer of bacteria that grow on each small piece. ▲ A team led by Dr. Emily Stevenson from Plymouth Marine Laboratory & University of Exeter published a new study. They found microplastics in real natural environments—from hospital wastewater to coastal waters—carrying bacteria during their whole journey. To prove their idea, they carried out an experiment and tested five materials: bio-beads, nurdles, polystyrene, wood, and glass. They put them along a river running from highly polluted areas to the sea. After two months, tests showed: All plastics, in all places, had pathogens (病原体) and drug-resistant (耐药的) bacteria. Each microplastic can work as a small, moving dish for growing germs (细菌). It carried super-bacteria from hospital wastewater to beaches, swimming areas and shellfish-growing sites. “This study shows the risk of disease and drug-resistant germs from microplastics in our oceans and coasts,” said Dr. Stevenson. “We strongly advise volunteers to wear gloves during beach cleanups and wash hands later.” As microplastics continue to increase around the world, researchers warn that the Plastisphere could make the spread of super-bacteria worse. The study calls for better waste management, less plastic waste and unified plans across wastewater, healthcare, and ocean protection. 39．How does the writer start the passage? A．By offering advice. B．By listing some numbers. C．By expressing opinions. D．By giving background information. 40．Which sentence can be put in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 3? A．How can we deal with plastic waste? B．Why are bacteria difficult to study? C．What makes microplastics more dangerous? D．When do we do beach cleanups? 41．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Plastics easily carry harmful and drug-resistant bacteria. B．Wood and glass are safer than other materials in water. C．Hospitals are the main cause of plastic pollution in rivers. D．More experiments should be done in natural environments. 42．What is the best title for the passage? A．Sea pollution: Serious problem B．New Study: Stop Wastewater Pollution C．Beach cleanup: Safe and helpful work D．Microplastics: Hidden disease carriers 12 （2026·江苏徐州·一模）In old China, people didn’t just say “I’m 13” or “I’m 30.” They used fun, poetic names for different ages—like secret codes for growing up! Let’s check out some of the coolest ones. Cardamom Years (豆蔻年华): This name is for girls around 13 years old. It comes from a Tang Dynasty poem, where a poet compared 13-year-old girls to cardamom flowers just starting to bloom. It means “the fresh, lovely time of being a young teen.” Hairpin Ceremony (及笄): When a girl turned 15, she’d have a special ceremony called ji ji. She’d put a hairpin in her hair to show she was now a young woman, old enough to take on more responsibilities and think about marriage. Standing Firm (而立之年): This is for people turning 30. “Standing firm” means “standing on your own two feet.” By 30, ancient Chinese people thought you should have a clear life plan, be independent, and know what you want to do. No Confusion (不惑之年): At 40, you’re in the “age of no confusion.” After years of learning and experience, you understand the world better and don’t get easily tricked or confused by tricky situations. Knowing Your Path (知天命之年): When you hit 50, you enter the “age of knowing heaven’s will.” This doesn’t mean giving up—it means knowing your strengths and what you’re meant to do, so you focus on the things that really matter. These age names aren’t just old words—they’re like little stories about growing up. They show how ancient Chinese people thought about getting older: not just counting years, but growing wiser and stronger. 43．What does “Cardamom Years” refer to? A．Boys at 13 B．Girls around 13 C．All teenagers D．Adults at 30 44．What happened at the Hairpin Ceremony for a 15-year-old girl? A．She put a hairpin in her hair to show she was a young woman. B．She got a new bike. C．She started school. D．She got married. 45．According to the passage, what should people do at “Standing Firm”? A．Play video games all day. B．Have a clear life plan and be independent. C．Stop learning new things. D．Get married immediately. 46．What does the writer think of these age names? A．They are boring and useless. B．They are too hard to understand. C．They are only for old people. D．They are cool stories that show old Chinese ideas about growing up. 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 专题05 1.A2.D3.C4.B 6.D7.B8.D9.B 10.B11.D12.D13.A 14.D15.C16.B 17.C18.A19.B20.A 21.A22.C23.C24.A 25.A26.C27.B28.D 29.B30.D31.C32.D 33.A34.B35.D 36.A37.D38.B39.A 40.A41.C42.C43.B 44.C45.D46.D47.A www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 阅读理解 (说明文) 年真题分类民 2 6 P 9 10 11 12 1/2 西学科网 www.zxxk com 让教与学更高效 一年模拟练测园 1.D2.A3.C4.B 5.B6.A7.C8.C9.B 3 10.D11.B12.C13.A 14.C15.D16.C17.D 18.C19.B20.B 21.D22.A23.D 24.C25.C26.B 8 27.A28.A29.B30.D 9 31.D32.B33.C 10 34.D35.B36.B37.A38.B 39.D40.C41.A42.D 12 43.B44.A45.B46.D 212 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 2026年江苏省中考英语阅读理解（说明文）考情分析表 考点分类 江苏考情（2026） 命题规律 一、语篇选材 与主题语境 12篇，选材维度，无单独设题 【主题分布】科学与技术5篇（淮安“人造太阳”、南通AI天气预报、常州泡沫混凝土跑道拦阻系统、无锡人工光合作用、宿迁人形机器人）；社会文化与生活5篇（镇江饮食文化、常州GoodGym公益健身、宿迁马年生肖文化、苏州阿那亚戏剧节、扬州中华图书特殊贡献奖）；自然与生态2篇（扬州《Nature of Portland》自然观察指南、连云港eDNA河流物种调查）。 【文本形态】多为4—6段的外刊、科普改编文，专业词均以括号夹注（核聚变、兆帕、光合作用等）；南通配结构示意图与a—d词块表、苏州配活动海报、扬州配物种信息表，属“文字+图表”复合文本。 【规律】选材全部落在课标“人与社会”“人与自然”两大主题语境，未出现“人与自我”类抒情、叙事文本；科技类占比最高（5/12），其中淮安、常州、宿迁3篇以中国科研进展或中国应用场景为主体，价值导向鲜明；语篇骨架高度同构——新闻或现象导入、原理与功能说明、现实困难、进展与展望，为段落功能题、结构图题提供稳定抓手；难度控制依靠夹注生词、短句与明确指代，长难句以定语从句、宾语从句、被动语态为主。 【备考指向】按“科技—文化—生态”三条线建主题语篇库，优先选用中国科技题材科普文；读文先看标题、图表与夹注，再定位首末段功能。 二、细节理解题 16题，占34.0% 【设题分布】淮安7；南通10、11；常州14、15、19；无锡21；宿迁26；苏州33、34；扬州36、37、40、42；连云港45、46，共16题。 【设问形态】以Why、How、What引导的单句疑问为主（如How does “artificial sun” produce energy?），答案多可在原文1—2句内定位。 【特殊形态】南通10用a—d词块配“ab／ad／bc／cd”组合选项，须跨图表提取；苏州33据海报“June 17th—June 28th”计算12天；扬州42须从信息表“Flowers”栏提取得名原因；连云港46为概念界定（What is eDNA?）。 【规律】细节题仍是基本盘，但“照抄原句”型基本消失：16题中5题须跨句、跨段或跨图表整合（南通10、苏州33、34、扬州42、连云港46）；四个选项同构，多为主谓或动宾短语，干扰项集中在偷换对象、扩大范围、颠倒因果、无中生有四类；题干一律问句化，不再用“Which is TRUE”式四句比对。 【备考指向】固化“圈题干关键词—定位原文—比对同义替换”三步；增设海报、表格、示意图的转述训练；建“四型干扰项”错题清单。 三、词义猜测 与指代理解 4题，占8.5% 【设题分布】常州18（collapse，四选一释义Break）；扬州41（natives，四个长句释义）；淮安8（“this achievement”指代，选项为四个“已完成”的事实陈述）；宿迁30（“they”指代，选项为Sensors／Machines／AI systems／Humanoid robots），共4题。 【考查落点】2题考语境词义，2题考回指关系；选项不设字面直译，均须回到语境中验证。 【规律】词义题只考语境义：collapse靠“enough strength to support…but weak enough to collapse when hit”的对立关系判定，natives靠后句“have long made their homes here”的同义复现。指代题专设“最近名词”干扰——“this achievement”须跨1亿摄氏度、1 000秒两个数据回指“部分工况条件已达成”，“they”须排除紧邻的AI systems而取段落主语humanoid robots。 【备考指向】练定义、举例、对比、因果四类语境线索；指代题坚持“回指对象+数／性／逻辑一致”双验证，先划主干再代入原句。 四、语篇结构 与句际衔接 8题（含5个空），占17.0% 【设题分布】南通13（据结构图选“①→②→③④→⑤”）；无锡22（给定句复原至段首：Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn't enough.）；宿迁27（▲处段首句复位：Horses are clever.）。 【材料形态】南通结构图以Leading the topic、Showing facts、Listing problems、Offering solutions四标签设题，将③④两段并作“列举问题”一组。 【规律】江苏把“语篇结构”独立设题，形态最全：整篇选句填空、图示结构选择、单句复位三类并存，覆盖12篇中的4篇；空位与复位点固定在总起句、转折句、承上启下句；判定依据高度稳定，即代词回指、逻辑连接词（However／In fact／Of course／So）、同义复现与上下位概念；结构图题还要求识别并列段群，属纯文本之外的图示转译。 【备考指向】每篇读后画“功能结构图”（导入—事实或原理—问题—方案—展望）；七选五专练“代词、连接词、复现词”三线索并排“多余项”；段首句复位先验证后文例证能否支撑该句。 五、推理判断 与写作意图 10题，占21.3% 【设题分布】淮安6（首段列举多种能源的目的）；南通12（两次提及香港天文台的目的）；宿迁29（首段引入WuBOT表演的目的）；无锡23（以Pushkar引语收尾的目的）；连云港44（首段目的）；常州16（Krekel的态度）；宿迁25（第2段让事实更有趣的手法）；宿迁31、苏州35、连云港47（可推知或可知），共10题。 【设问措辞】Why does the writer mention／end…?；What's the purpose of the first paragraph?；What is Krekel's attitude towards…? 【规律】本类是江苏卷的加重区，占比21.3%，其中段落、举例、引语、首段功能类5题，为最高频设问；答案不能照抄原文，须从“形式—功能”推出（引出话题、佐证观点、形成对比、增强说服力、收束升华）；态度题靠评价性形容词与转折判断（“We are very glad…improvements”即支持）；写作手法题（列数字）与可推知题各占少数，正确项多为上位概括，错误项常张冠李戴或过度推断。 【备考指向】建“段落功能+引语、数据、举例功能”答题框架；态度题抓评价词、转折与引语归属；推知题坚持文中有据，不凭常识。 六、主旨概括 与标题归纳 9题，占19.1% 【设题分布】标题题4题：淮安9、无锡24（▲标题填空）、宿迁32、扬州39；全文主旨1题：宿迁28；段落主旨2题：常州17、扬州38（What is Paragraph X mainly about?）；写作目的2题：常州20、扬州43，共9题。 【选项设计】标题项统一为“核心对象+核心判断”的对举式：Artificial Sun: Future Energy Hope／Not Just For Plants／Connected by Literature，四项共用同一对象，只在判断上分层。 【规律】标题题4题，为最高频的单一题型，与全文主旨、段落主旨、写作目的合计覆盖12篇中的7篇，已过半数篇目设有主旨类题目；错误项三类特征清晰：以偏概全（只覆盖一段，如“The types of humanoid robots”）、范围过大（“More Choices For Oil”）、偏离文体（写成广告或方法说明）；段落主旨题集中于原理段与过程段，须剔除例证与数据后提炼概括句。 【备考指向】标题题三步定标：定对象、定核心判断、查是否覆盖全文；段落主旨练“首尾句+例证归属”；写作目的题区分介绍、说明、倡议、比较四类动词。 【注：本表以2026年江苏省相关地市中考英语真题中的12篇说明文为样本（见本文档的第二部分“一年真题分类”）；按考点分类汇总设题城市、题号与设问形态，提炼命题规律与备考指向】 1 （2026·江苏盐城）Think all plants are just gentle growers? Then you’ll be amazed by their special ways to live. Most plants live on nutrients (养料) from the soil. But the Venus flytrap is a special plant that eats insects. It only lives in poor soil. It uses something sweet in its leaves to attract insects. When an insect touches its leaves twice, the leaves close quickly. Then the plant can take in food from the insect. The forest might seem quiet, but that doesn’t mean the plants aren’t “talking”. Sometimes trees send each other messages underground through a system of roots and fungi. For example, when under attack, a tree can send messages to nearby trees. Even better: The trees don’t need to be the same kind to communicate. Some plants have special smells. The corpse flower smells like dead meat. The smell will attract the insects which lay their eggs on dead animals. These insects can help spread the pollen (花粉) among the plants. The corpse flower comes out only once every 7 to 10 years — that might not be a bad thing since it smells so bad. Some plants can even “learn”. The mimosa plant usually curls (弯曲) up its leaves when it is touched. However, if it is touched many times and no danger comes, its leaves will no longer curl for over a month. Why? Scientists think it saves energy perhaps to shake off insects. How wonderful the natural world is! Step out, and more mysteries are waiting for you to explore. 1．What is special about the Venus flytrap? A．It is a meat eater. B．It can warn of danger. C．It lives in rich soil. D．It has a good memory. 2．How does the writer organize the paragraph about “talking” trees? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving examples. 3．Why do some plants smell special? A．To show they are dying. B．To keep themselves safe. C．To catch insects’ attention. D．To save energy to grow better. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Steps to explore nature. B．Plants’ smart ways to grow. C．Unusual abilities of insects. D．Living conditions of plants. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了捕蝇草、树木、尸花、含羞草四类植物的特殊生存能力，展现了植物的独特生存智慧，呼吁人们探索自然奥秘。 1．根据方框内第1段第二句“But the Venus flytrap is a special plant that eats insects.”及本段最后一句“Then the plant can take in food from the insect.”可知，捕蝇草能吃昆虫并从昆虫中获取食物，属于食肉植物。 2．根据方框内第2段第三句“For example, when under attack, a tree can send messages to nearby trees.”可推知，作者通过举例子的方式组织“会说话的树”相关段落，用具体事例说明树木的交流机制。 3．根据方框内第3段第三句“The smell will attract the insects which lay their eggs on dead animals.”可推知，植物拥有特殊气味是为了吸引昆虫的注意，借助这类昆虫传播花粉。 4．根据文章首段第二句“Then you’ll be amazed by their special ways to live.”及全文对四类植物特殊能力的介绍可推知，文章核心是介绍植物聪明的生长生存方式。 2 （2026·江苏淮安）In modern society, energy plays an important role in human activities. Generally, fossil fuels (化石燃料) are limited and unfriendly to our environment, while wind and water energy, though clean, can be easily influenced by weather conditions. The present nuclear plants (核电站) probably harm our environment. There is nothing like the sun to provide humans with unlimited clean energy. Under the guidance of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan, Chinese scientists are working harder to build a kind of “artificial (人造的) sun”. What is it like? Of course, it’s not the sun above our heads that provides energy for lives on Earth. In fact, it’s a special machine designed to make the nuclear fusion (核聚变) happen, similar to that of the sun. Nuclear fusion happens when lighter atomic nuclei (原子核) join together to form heavier atomic nuclei. Through this process, a huge amount of energy is produced. Unlike the present nuclear energy production method, this new way is environmentally friendly. However, producing practical energy from a nuclear fusion machine has many requirements, such as reaching temperatures above 100 million degrees for thousands of seconds. It is a must for the continuous energy production. That is very hard to achieve. Besides, making sure of its controllability is also a challenge. A report presented by Chinese scientists said that China’s controllable nuclear fusion energy development is entering a decisive period. The machines, such as the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, or EAST in Hefei, have set world records by keeping temperatures above 100 million degrees for more than 1,000 seconds. It means inside the test machines, humans have created the needed environment for future fusion plants for the first time. So far, no other country in the world has made this achievement. China’s fusion research has developed a lot in recent years. In November 2025, China put forward a research plan to build the BEST machine, China’s next-generation (下一代) “artificial sun”. Once completed by the end of 2027, BEST will do tests and check its working abilities. Even though there are many challenges, China has been making great progress in fusion energy with world records continuously broken. Controllable nuclear fusion, as one of the main projects during our country’s 15th Five-Year Plan period, brings the hope of clean and rich energy a step closer to reality. 6．Why does the writer mention different kinds of energy in Paragraph 1? A．To explain their influences. B．To list the progress made by China. C．To find out their differences. D．To show the value of “artificial sun”. 7．How does “artificial sun” produce energy? A．By repeating testing the sun. B．By working like the sun. C．By gathering the sun’s atomic nuclei. D．By getting heat from the sun. 8．What do the underlined words “this achievement” refer to (指) in Paragraph 4? A．Earlier test results have been confirmed. B．Correct working steps have been followed. C．Possible test reasons have been explained. D．Some working conditions have been reached. 9．What’s the best title for the text? A．“Artificial Sun”: Future World Record B．“Artificial Sun”: Future Energy Hope C．“Artificial Sun”: Future Fuel Provider D．“Artificial Sun”: Future Science Leader 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 【解析】本文介绍了中国正在研发的“人造太阳”核聚变能源技术，包括其原理、面临的挑战、取得的进展以及未来计划，强调了其对清洁能源的希望。 6．第一段“fossil fuels (化石燃料) are limited and unfriendly to our environment, while wind and water energy, though clean, can be easily influenced by weather conditions...There is nothing like the sun to provide humans with unlimited clean energy”中作者列举其他能源的局限性是为了衬托“人造太阳”的价值。 7．第二段“it’s a special machine designed to make the nuclear fusion (核聚变) happen, similar to that of the sun”说明人造太阳是通过模拟太阳的核聚变原理来产出能量。 8．第四段指出“the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, or EAST in Hefei, have set world records by keeping temperatures above 100 million degrees for more than 1,000 seconds. It means inside the test machines, humans have created the needed environment for future fusion plants for the first time”，可知“this achievement”指代的是已经达成了核聚变发电所需的部分工况条件。 9．最后一段提到“Controllable nuclear fusion, as one of the main projects during our country’s 15th Five-Year Plan period, brings the hope of clean and rich energy a step closer to reality”，点明全文核心是作为未来清洁能源希望的人造太阳相关研发进展，对应最佳标题“Artificial Sun”: Future Energy Hope。 3 （2026·江苏南通）①Weather changes all the time, and so does the technology which is used to forecast (预报) it. Nowadays, AI-powered forecasting models are being developed to make weather predictions faster and more accurate (精准的). ②AI can collect and process more kinds of information than before. In the past, forecasts mainly depended on temperature, wind, and air pressure. Now, AI models can provide information, including city maps, population data, and even electricity usage records. For example, the Hong Kong Observatory uses computer vision, an AI method, to study radar pictures of rain. This helps scientists know the speed and direction of rain clouds. ③However, some weather events are still hard to forecast. Traditional models work well for large systems, such as areas of high or low pressure. But small, local events, like sudden rainstorms or tornadoes, are harder to predict. Reducing the grid (网格) size of a weather model helps. But the large number of processing makes it impossible to use traditional methods. ④Rain predictions near the equator are often less accurate than in other places. One reason is that the difference in tropical rainfall systems affects the predictions. Another reason is that observation systems are not equally good worldwide. ⑤At present, there are many ways to improve forecasts. With AI, weather forecasting is becoming faster, cheaper, and more accurate. For example, Nvidia’s CorrDiff model uses AI to produce more detailed forecasts quickly with less energy. Even the Hong Kong Observatory can make rain forecasts only a few hours ahead. 10．According to Paragraph 2, what information can AI models provide? a. city maps b. computer vision c. transport data d. electricity usage records A．ab B．ad C．bc D．cd 11．What makes rain predictions near the equator less accurate? A．The large number of processing. B．The equally good observation stations. C．The smaller grid size of a weather model. D．The difference in tropical rainfall systems. 12．Why does the writer mention the Hong Kong Observatory twice? A．To compare two main ways. B．To list different climate systems. C．To exchange ideas about forecasts. D．To give a good example of using AI. 13．According to the chart, which structure of the following is correct? (① — Paragraph…) A．①→②→③④→⑤ B．①②→③→④→⑤ C．①→②→③→④⑤ D．①→②③→④→⑤ 【答案】10．B 11．D 12．D 13．A 【解析】本文是说明文，围绕人工智能驱动的天气预报模型展开，介绍了AI在天气预报中的应用优势，列举了当前天气预报存在的难题，说明了AI对提升预报能力的作用。 10．根据文章第2段“Now, AI models can provide information, including city maps, population data, and even electricity usage records.”可知，AI模型可提供城市地图、用电记录类的信息，对应题干中的a和d。 11．根据文章第4段“One reason is that the difference in tropical rainfall systems affects the predictions.”可知，热带降雨系统的差异会导致赤道附近的降雨预报准确率较低。 12．根据文章第2段“For example, the Hong Kong Observatory uses computer vision, an AI method, to study radar pictures of rain.”和第5段“Even the Hong Kong Observatory can make rain forecasts only a few hours ahead.”可知，作者两次提及香港天文台，是为了举例说明AI在天气预报领域的有效应用。 13．结合第二张图片的结构框架，第①段引出AI助力天气预报的主题，对应“Leading to the topic”；第②段介绍AI能处理更多种类信息的实际情况，对应“Showing facts”；第③段讲小型局地天气难预报的问题，第④段讲赤道附近降雨预报不准的问题，二者同属现存问题，对应“Listing problems”；第⑤段介绍以AI改进天气预报的方案，对应“Offering solutions”。因此文章结构为①→②→③④→⑤。 4 （2026·江苏常州）Combining (结合) exercise with community service is the main task of GoodGym, an organization that encourages the UK people to get fit by doing good. Members of it don’t need to pay for their exercise. All that is needed is their strong wish to walk, run or ride and willingness to do local volunteer work. GoodGym began in 2007 when Ivo Gormley, who set up the organization, started running to send a newspaper to an old person in his neighbourhood. At the time, Gormley wasn’t doing any exercise and missed being part of a basketball team. “I just didn’t like the idea of going to a gym (体育馆). I thought I could do something more useful with my exercise,” he said. For Gormley, he wanted to make it as easy as possible for people to stay in shape and serve the community. “If you are interested, you can have a try,” Gormley said. “You don’t have to come back if you don’t like it. It’s a really easy way to take part.” The chance to meet people is a key part that attracts members, Gormley said. He said a recent survey showed that many young people wanted to get away from phone screens and to have more in-person communication. Members of GoodGym sometimes have dinner together when their volunteer work is done. Christian Krekel, from the London School of Economics, spent two years studying if GoodGym’s combination of volunteering and exercise can do extra good to mental (心理的) health. “We are very glad to find improvements in all six parts of mental health, with 3,600 members reporting feeling less lonely and more satisfied with their lives. They also feel more closely connected with others,” Krekel said. 14．Why did Gormley set up GoodGym? A．To build his newspaper business. B．To get a chance to go to a gym. C．To keep in touch with a basketball team. D．To give extra meaning to exercise. 15．What makes GoodGym different? A．It serves the youth more. B．It has a clear and strict rule. C．It connects exercise with doing good. D．It prevents members from using phones. 16．What is Krekel’s attitude (态度) towards GoodGym? A．He doubts it. B．He welcomes it. C．He has no interest in it. D．He worries about its influence. 【答案】14．D 15．C 16．B 【解析】本文介绍了英国特色组织GoodGym的创立背景、运行模式，以及它将健身锻炼和社区志愿服务相结合的形式，在助力民众身体素质提升的同时，也对参与者的心理健康和人际联结产生了积极作用。 14．根据文章第2段“I thought I could do something more useful with my exercise”可知Gormley希望运动能发挥更大作用，即赋予运动额外的意义。 15．根据文章第1段“Combining exercise with community service is the main task of GoodGym”可知该组织的独特之处在于将锻炼与做好事相结合。 16．根据文章第5段“We are very glad to find improvements in all six parts of mental health”可知Krekel对研究结果感到高兴，持欢迎和支持态度。 5 （2026·江苏常州）Chinese researchers have developed a new system that can gently stop hundred-ton aircraft during emergency (紧急的) landings on the runway. The system has recently received a national creation award. The researchers developed a new material called foam (泡沫) concrete (混凝土). It looks like common concrete but weighs just 200 kg per cubic metre—about a tenth of the weight of standard concrete. When an aircraft runs into it, the material creates a “soft stopper” that takes in energy through controlled breaking. This allows the plane to slow down smoothly and finally stop safely. Landing is one of the most dangerous periods of flight. International air travel rules require a safety area of at least 90 metres beyond runways. In the past, the area was filled with water, grass, soil, or sand. All of them had disadvantages: Water could become hard ice or attract wildlife, while soil strength changed with weather. The key challenge is controlling how the foam concrete breaks down. It must have enough strength to support aircraft wheels but be weak enough to collapse when hit. For example, for large passenger planes, its strength must fall exactly between 0.30 and 0.35 megapascals (兆帕). Unlike earlier foreign designs that depended on expensive but not long-lasting concrete, the Chinese team developed a method that made the system cheaper and more lasting. They also developed methods to put millions of bubbles into the material and control the way it turns hard, making sure it works well even after being used in the open air for a long time. The system has now been used at 14 airports across China. Tests show that after one year, the material’s properties (性能) change by only 3%, proving its high quality. 17．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What the material looks like. B．How the material is made. C．What makes the system work well. D．How the system is developed. 18．What does the underlined word “collapse” most probably mean? A．Break. B．Form. C．Appear. D．Burn. 19．What is the key advantage of the system? A．It can stop an aircraft in a shorter time. B．It can slow down an aircraft smoothly. C．It can create a safety area of over 90 metres. D．It can be used in the open air. 20．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a new runway safety system. B．To explain a new flying technology. C．To describe some possible landing methods. D．To compare two different safety materials. 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国研究人员研发的一种新型泡沫混凝土系统，该系统能在飞机紧急降落时提供缓冲保护，文中探讨了其工作原理、优势及实际应用情况。 17．根据第二段“When an aircraft runs into it, the material creates a ‘soft stopper’ that takes in energy... This allows the plane to slow down smoothly...”可知，本段重点阐述了材料如何通过吸收能量使飞机平稳停止，解释了系统有效工作的原理。 18．根据第四段“It must have enough strength to support aircraft wheels but be weak enough to collapse when hit.”可知，单词所在句表示材料需有足够强度支撑轮子，但在被撞击时要足够弱以便发生形变或破碎来吸收能量，与Break含义相符。 19．根据第二段“This allows the plane to slow down smoothly and finally stop safely.”可知，该系统的关键优势在于能够让飞机平稳减速并最终安全停止。 20．根据第一段“Chinese researchers have developed a new system that can gently stop hundred-ton aircraft during emergency landings on the runway.”可知，全文围绕这一新型跑道安全系统的研发、原理及应用展开，旨在介绍该系统。 6 （2026·江苏无锡）Photosynthesis: ▲ ? You might already know the basics of how photosynthesis (光合作用) works. Plants use sunlight to make the food they need to live. But one day we might be able to use photosynthesis to run our cars, heat our homes, and more! Scientists are working on it right now! Plants are like machines that turn light into food using chlorophyll, which helps them use the sun’s energy to split (分离) water into hydrogen (氢) and oxygen. Plants turn hydrogen into food, but if we can find out how to use the sun to split water, we could use hydrogen as fuel (燃料). Scientists can already split water into hydrogen with a machine called an electrolyzer. But today’s electrolyzers run on electricity, which often comes from a power station that uses fossil fuels, such as oil and natural gas. This can cause pollution and produce greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Using the sun to create hydrogen could be a cleaner form of energy. It’s called artificial photosynthesis. Yulia Pushkar is a scientist who’s working on artificial photosynthesis at Purdue University in Indiana. “If we want to create artificial photosynthesis, we have to create a material which will take in the light and split the water,” Dr. Pushkar says. Luckily, Dr. Pushkar and her team have done just that. They have created materials that split water into hydrogen under light. There’s a problem, though that sounds great. The best electrolyzers have iridium (铱) inside. Iridium is very rare. Now she’s working on a different way to make hydrogen from sunlight by using iron. Iron is very abundant on Earth. So, it’s much easier and cheaper to find than iridium. We also need to be able to use it in our cars and homes. Most cars today still use gasoline. If we can make and use hydrogen, we won’t run out of it. And it doesn’t produce harmful greenhouse gases. Dr. Pushkar is hopeful about artificial photosynthesis. “We and other researchers around the world are working hard to develop clean energy,” she says. “Our artificial photosynthesis is the way forward.” 21．Why does Dr Pushkar use iron instead of iridium in the research? A．Because of its richness. B．Because of its quality. C．Because of its weight. D．Because of its power. 22．The following sentence can best be put at the beginning of ________. Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn’t enough. A．Paragraph 5 B．Paragraph 6 C．Paragraph 7 D．Paragraph 8 23．Why does the writer end the passage with Dr. Pushkar’s words? A．To describe her valuable daily work. B．To prove her contributions to the research. C．To show her confidence in the research. D．To thank her team and other researchers. 24．Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲ ? A．Not Just For Plants B．More Than Just Sunlight C．More Choices For Oil D．Not Good For Fossil Fuels 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A 【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了人工光合作用的研究进展及其作为清洁能源的潜力。 21．根据第六段“Iron is very abundant on Earth. So, it’s much easier and cheaper to find than iridium.”可知，Dr. Pushkar使用铁代替铱是因为铁更丰富、更便宜。 22．“Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn’t enough.”意为“当然，仅仅能够制造氢气是不够的”。根据第七段“We also need to be able to use it in our cars and homes.”可知，该段主要讲述不仅要制造氢气，还需要能将其应用于汽车和家庭，题干所给的句子放在第七段开头可起到承上启下的作用，承接前文成功制氢的进展，引出后续的应用要求。 23．根据最后一段Pushkar博士的话“We and other researchers around the world are working hard to develop clean energy... ‘Our artificial photosynthesis is the way forward.’”提到她对人工光合作用抱有希望，认为这是未来的发展方向，以此结尾是为了体现她对这项研究的信心。 24．全文开篇介绍光合作用原本是植物的生理过程，进而延伸到人类研发人工光合作用将其作为新型清洁能源的技术方向，说明光合作用不再仅应用于植物自身，“Not Just For Plants”最贴合文章核心主旨，适合置于文章的标题处。 7 （2026·江苏宿迁） The year 2026 marks the Year of the Horse in the Chinese lunar calendar. Horses are liked by people all over the world. But how much do you know about them? The eyes of horses are located on the sides of their heads, so they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can move their ears to hear sounds. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. This helps horses breathe in lots of oxygen when they run and play. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up. Isn’t it amazing? Though horses may be of less practical importance in modern society, their spirits still run deeply through Chinese culture. We can experience them in many Chinese idioms (习语). A talented person is often called Qianlima, an energetic horse that covers a thousand li a day. If someone takes the lead in an activity, we will say Yimadangxian. Besides, there are also some horse-related English idioms. A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning. A workhorse is a person who does a lot of work without complaints. ▲ They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation (分离). Horses are loyal. They stick to their owners through wind and rain and never leave easily. Horses are determined (坚定的). They keep finishing long-distance races no matter how tired they are. People born in the Year of the Horse are said to share such good qualities. So, do you have a friend or a family member who enjoys 2026 as his or her animal year? 25．How does the writer make the facts about horses more interesting in Paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing ideas. C．By asking questions. D．By using time order. 26．What do you call a little-known person who surprises everyone by winning in Paragraph 3? A．Qianlima. B．Yimadangxian. C．A dark horse. D．A workhorse. 27．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．Horses are brave. B．Horses are clever. C．Horses are energetic. D．Horses are powerful. 28．What is the text mainly about? A．Horses are easily tired. B．Horses are determined. C．Some horse-related Chinese idioms. D．Some features and spirits of horses. 【答案】25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，以2026马年为切入点，介绍马的生理特征、与马相关的中英习语、马的优秀精神品质，人们认为属马的人具备这些美好品质。 25．根据文章第2段“they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up.”可知，第2段使用大量具体数字介绍马的特点，作者通过列数字的方式让相关事实更直观有趣。 26．根据文章第3段“A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning.”可知，不被人熟知却取胜让人意外的人叫作a dark horse。 27．根据文章第4段空后“They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation.”，由此可知马在长久分离后还能记住人类朋友，体现马很聪明。 28．全文围绕马展开，既介绍了马的生理特征，也讲述了与马相关的习语和马的精神品质，核心内容是马的特征与精神。 8 （2026·江苏宿迁） At the CCTV 2026 Spring Festival Gala, a fun performance called WuBOT became very popular, where over 20 G1 and H2 humanoid robots, together with some martial arts students, performed traditional Chinese kung fu. The performance connects traditional kung fu with the modern AI-powered humanoid robots. Humanoid robots, which have a lot of important parts like sensors (传感器) and AI systems, are machines that look and act like human beings. Then why are they made like human beings? This is because most things around us, like doors and stairs, are made for our size and shape. If they look like us, they can use these things like we do. As a result, we don’t need to make big changes to these things. This can save a lot of money and time. Humanoid robots serve as new tools that work with and for humans in different fields. In the factories, humanoid robots carry car parts, pack goods and move boxes. They actually do the boring repeated human work. At home, they help clean floors, tidy rooms, make coffee and iron the clothes. In hospitals, they send medicine and help nurses lift patients. Schools buy humanoid robots for STEM classes. Shopping malls and restaurants use them to give performances to welcome guests. Most importantly, humanoid robots can work as policemen going on patrols (巡逻) in our neighborhood, and this provides us with a safe environment. Nowadays, with the fast development of science and technology, humanoid robots have been developing quickly from lab inventions to real-life helpers. More companies have started to produce them in large numbers. Because of mass production, the cost of humanoid robots has dropped a lot, so even small workshops can afford them. By 2050, there will be about 930 million humanoid robots doing simple jobs. Around 80 million humanoid robots will work in homes. China will probably have the world’s most humanoid robots. Some experts believe that they will become as common as household appliances (家用电器) in the future. 29．Why does the writer mention the fun performance WuBOT in Paragraph 1? A．To advertise a TV programme. B．To lead in the topic of the text. C．To introduce the Spring Festival Gala. D．To spread traditional Chinese kung fu. 30．What does the word “they” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Sensors. B．Machines. C．AI systems. D．Humanoid robots. 31．What can we learn about humanoid robots in Paragraph 3? A．They can only do the repeated work. B．They have taken the place of humans. C．They are widely used in different fields. D．They have developed slowly at present. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The types of humanoid robots B．The shapes of humanoid robots C．The appearance of humanoid robots D．The introduction to humanoid robots 【答案】29．B 30．D 31．C 32．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人形机器人。文章从春晚表演引入话题，解释了机器人设计成人形的原因，列举了它们在工厂、家庭、医院等不同领域的广泛应用，并展望了它们未来像家电一样普及的发展前景。 29．第一段指出：“At the CCTV 2026 Spring Festival Gala, a fun performance called WuBOT became very popular... The performance connects traditional kung fu with the modern AI-powered humanoid robots.”作者通过描述这个引人注目的表演，自然地引出了本文的核心话题——人形机器人。 30．第二段中提到：“If they look like us, they can use these things like we do.”结合上文“This is because most things around us... are made for our size and shape.”可知，这里的“they”指代的是前文一直在讨论的主体，即为了适应人类环境而被制造成人类样子的“人形机器人”。 31．第三段首句提到：“Humanoid robots serve as new tools that work with and for humans in different fields.”随后文章列举了工厂、家庭、医院、学校、商场等多个场景。这说明人形机器人被广泛应用于不同的领域。 32．通读全文可知，文章第一段引出人形机器人，第二段解释其外形设计原因，第三段介绍其广泛应用，第四段展望其未来发展。整篇文章是对人形机器人的全面介绍。 9 （2026·江苏苏州） The 2026 Aranya Theater Festival presents 34 productions from 14 countries, aiming to draw worldwide attention. The festival opens with City of Fiction, adapted (改编) from Yu Hua’s novel. It tells the story of a young man from northern China who starts a journey south in search of an imaginary city. The festival also presents a lot of other highly expected works. One such show is Na Han, a Chinese-German production adapted from the short story collection by Lu Xun. It explores themes like family relationships. Dans la tempete continue is a French-Chinese production, which focuses on the dynamics (动态) within a family. Besides drama performances, the festival offers other activities such as workshops and street shows, making visitors’ cultural experiences richer. 33．How many days does the festival last? A．12 days. B．14 days. C．28 days. D．34 days. 34．What do Na Han and Dans la tempete continue have in common? A．They tell the story of the young. B．They try to explore family themes. C．They are French-Chinese productions. D．They are adapted from Lu Xun’s works. 35．What do we know about the festival according to the passage? A．It opens with a foreign production. B．It allows visitors to direct a drama. C．It is to draw Chinese people’s attention. D．It is an international event held in China. 【答案】33．A 34．B 35．D 【解析】本文介绍了2026年在中国秦皇岛举办的阿那亚戏剧节，说明了该戏剧节的举办时间、举办规模、开幕作品、多部参展作品的特点，以及除戏剧表演外的其他延伸活动，该戏剧节旨在吸引全球范围的关注。 33．根据海报给出的举办时间“June 17th - June 28th, 2026”，计算可得活动持续天数为28−17+1=12天，对应A选项。 34．第二段提到“It explores themes like family relationships.”以及“...which focuses on the dynamics (动态) within a family.”，《Na Han》探索家庭关系主题，《Dans la tempete continue》聚焦家庭内部关系动态，二者都围绕家庭主题展开；A项文中无提及，C项只有后者是中法合拍片，D项只有前者改编自鲁迅的作品，只有B项符合二者的共同点。 35．文中提到“from 14 countries”（来自14个国家），且有中国作家作品改编，在中国举办（阿那亚位于中国秦皇岛），因此是一个在中国举办的国际性活动，D选项正确。开幕作品改编自中国作家余华的小说，不属于外国作品，A错误；文中仅说明戏剧节开设工作坊、街头秀等活动，未提及允许游客导演戏剧，B错误；文中明确指出戏剧节旨在吸引全球关注，并非仅吸引中国民众的关注，C错误。 10 （2026·江苏扬州）16 winners from 12 countries were awarded at the 18th Special Book Awards of China held in Beijing in June 2025. Aleksei Rodionov, professor of Chinese studies at Saint Petersburg University, is a winner of the award in translating. This award is the highest national award. It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. “As a sinologist (汉学家) and translator of Chinese literature, this award will encourage me to do more and do better in promoting cultural exchanges between Russia and China,” said the professor. Rodionov said that he feels a special connection with China when he thought about his journey in Chinese literature. “I was born on the Russian-Chinese border. From the moment I was born, I had a connection with China. As someone with a great interest in foreign languages, I naturally chose to learn Chinese. That’s how I started the journey of studying the Chinese language and literature,” he noted. To the professor, translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task. “Translating Chinese literary (文学的) works is my lifelong calling. It brings me joy and gives my life a deeper sense of purpose,” he said. For decades, Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature, having translated 26 works by Chinese authors such as Lao She. “Literary works are an important gateway to understanding Chinese culture and the Chinese people. They are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds. In Russia, authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua are very popular,” said the professor. 36．What was Aleksei Rodionov awarded for? A．Translating Chinese literature. B．Studying the Chinese language. C．Teaching Russian in China. D．Publishing a book in Chinese. 37．What do we know about the award? A．It is held in Beijing every three years. B．It is the highest national award in Russia. C．It encourages Chinese writers, translators and publishers. D．It praises foreigners’ efforts in spreading Chinese culture. 38．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Rodionov’s research into Chinese literature. B．Rodionov’s understanding of translation. C．Rodionov’s experiences of learning Chinese. D．Rodionov’s findings of Russian readers. 39．What is the best title for the text? A．Connected by Literature B．Comparing Cultural Differences C．Rodionov’s Learning Journey in China D．Rodionov’s Exchange Program with China 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．B 39．A 【解析】本文主要讲述2025年6月第十八届中华图书特殊贡献奖在北京颁奖，俄罗斯汉学家Rodionov获翻译奖。他自幼与中国结缘，深耕中文文学翻译数十年，致力于中俄文化交流。 36．根据第一段第二句“Aleksei Rodionov...is a winner of the award in translating.”以及倒数第二段“Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature”可知，他获奖是因为“翻译中国文学作品”。 37．根据第二段第二句“It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries.”可知，该奖项旨在“赞扬外国人在传播中国文化方面的努力”。 38．第五段主要引用了教授的话，提到“translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task ”以及“lifelong calling”，因此第五段主要阐述了“他对翻译工作的理解”。 39．文章主要讲述了Rodionov通过翻译中国文学作品获得奖项，并促进了中俄文化交流。最后一段提到“Literary works...are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds.” ，因此选项A“Connected by Literature”最能概括文章关于文学促进文化交流的主题。 11 （2026·江苏扬州）If you want to learn new stories about familiar plants and animals, and discover new species (物种) to plant in your own yard, Nature of Portland, is a must for you. Most of this book is about which plants and animals are natives in Portland (a city in Oregon, USA). Many plants and animals in this book have long made their homes here. In this field guide, filled with local knowledge and humor, LeeAnn Kriegh describes more than 350 plants and animals found within an hour’s ride of Portland, Inside you’ll discover: ● Common and scientific names ● Key details like size, bloom (flowering) time, and months seen ● Local natural history, ecology, stories, and fun facts ● Details on where to find every species ● Beautiful full-color photos of every species Take Western Starflower from the book as an example. Western Starflower (Lysimachia latifolia) Flowers: Late spring to early summer Late spring is a magical time to explore trails in the Portland area, as birds are singing, and colorful blooms are coming out on wildflowers like this one. Western starflower’s pinkish blooms stand out against the backdrop of the plant’s big, broad, deep-green leaves (latifolia translates to “broad-leaved”). A lot of flowers are in the shape of a star, but species like this one win the starflower name because of their thin flower stalks (茎). They make the flowers seem to fly in the air like stars. ID tips: 2-12 inches tall. Look for a whorl of four to seven broadly oval leaves (up to 3.5 inches long) with pointed tips. Up to a few star-shaped pink flowers (up to 0.75 inches wide) bloom on thin flower stalks, each with five to seven pointed petals (花瓣). Locations: Locally common in shady, wet woods, including at Oxbow Regional Park and Powell Butte Nature Park. At the back of the book, you’ll find 10 “treasure hunts” in the Portland area. The species are waiting to be found. Reading about plants and animals is fun, but getting outside to experience and connect with nature is what Nature of Portland is all about. 40．What is Nature of Portland? A．A fun, friendly guide to local plants and animals. B．A photo collection of plants and animals in danger. C．A field guide to the city’s places of interest. D．A book mainly about some famous local landscapes. 41．What does the underlined word “natives” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Animals or plants that live in the sea. B．Animals that kill and eat other animals. C．Animals or plants that live or grow naturally in a place. D．Unusual and exciting plants, especially from other countries. 42．In the table about Western Starflower, what can you get from the Flowers part? A．How tall the flower is. B．How many leaves the flower has. C．Why the flower gets its name. D．Which parks you can visit to see the flower. 43．What is the purpose of the text? A．To show how to write a book review. B．To tell readers what to expect from the book. C．To give advice on what to grow in your yard. D．To encourage readers to find new local plants. 【答案】40．A 41．C 42．C 43．B 【解析】本文介绍《Nature of Portland》这本野外指南书籍，书中收录美国波特兰350多种本土动植物，附有名称、生长特征、栖息地、实拍彩图与趣味自然故事，还设置户外寻宝探索板块，鼓励读者走出户外亲身感受本地自然。 40．第三段“In this field guide, filled with local knowledge and humor, LeeAnn Kriegh describes more than 350 plants and animals found within an hour’s ride of Portland, Inside you’ll discover”说明这是一本介绍当地动植物的野外指南。 41．第二段“Most of this book is about which plants and animals are natives in Portland (a city in Oregon, USA). Many plants and animals in this book have long made their homes here.”后文说明这类动植物长期在此栖息、自然生长，native即本土原生动植物。 42．花朵板块“A lot of flowers are in the shape of a star, but species like this one win the starflower name because of their thin flower stalks (茎).”讲解它细长花茎让花朵像空中星星，因此得名Starflower，对应得名原因。 43．全文介绍书籍内容、收录物种、包含信息、特色板块、文末寻宝探索活动，目的是向读者介绍这本书包含什么、能收获什么。 12 （2026·江苏连云港）Some of the most beautiful rivers in the UK are from underground springs, which create perfect conditions for wildlife to live. To understand how healthy the rivers really are, scientists keep watching them for numbers of species (物种) over time. This can show how well a habitat can manage stress such as rising temperatures, reduced rainfall and pollution. Traditionally, researchers survey rivers by going out themselves and searching for plants, animals or signs of their presence (存在). This method works, but it takes much time and can miss some species not present during the survey. A new project called GeneFlow tries a new technology — environmental DNA (eDNA). When a species — for example, a fish — moves through the environment, it drops bits of itself all the time, from dead skin cells to faeces (粪便). The DNA in these materials is known as environmental DNA (eDNA). If someone tests a sample (样本) of the water, these pieces of DNA can show the recent presence of the fish, though no fish is seen. This technology allows scientists to find species that we cannot see with our eyes, so that we can learn more about the rivers. GeneFlow aims to explore the species in 10 rivers across the UK. Beyond information collection, it also aims to connect people with their local rivers. With instructions, members of the public have helped to collect water samples from chosen rivers. Scientists are still studying the water samples, but the early results are promising: nearly 2000 species have been discovered so far, including protected species such as eels and water voles at many places. Several riverfly species — key signs of water quality — were also recorded. 44．What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To list possible dangers to the habitats. B．To describe the rivers’ health conditions. C．To explain the importance of river surveys. D．To introduce some beautiful rivers in the UK. 45．What’s the problem with the traditional method to survey rivers? A．It pollutes the rivers. B．It doesn’t work at all. C．It wastes time finding rivers. D．It can miss hidden species. 46．What is eDNA? A．The DNA of a certain fish in the UK. B．The technology of collecting water samples. C．The technology of preventing water pollution. D．The DNA of species found in the environment. 47．What can we learn about the GeneFlow Project from the last two paragraphs? A．It has found positive results so far. B．It has protected species at many places. C．Its researchers have completed their study. D．Its researchers collected samples in person. 【答案】44．C 45．D 46．D 47．A 【解析】本文介绍了传统的河流物种调查方法的局限性以及利用环境DNA（eDNA）技术进行物种调查的新项目GeneFlow。 44．第一段指出科学家通过监测物种数量来评估河流健康状况：“scientists keep watching them for numbers of species over time. This can show how well a habitat can manage stress”，说明目的是解释河流调查的重要性。 45．第二段指出传统方法“can miss some species not present during the survey”，说明会遗漏隐藏的物种。 46．第三段指出：“The DNA in these materials is known as environmental DNA (eDNA).”，说明环境DNA是物种在环境中留下的DNA片段。 47．最后一段指出：“early results are promising: nearly 2000 species have been discovered”，说明项目迄今取得了积极成果。 1 （2026·江苏淮安·一模）It’s clear that the world will be quite different in the year 2045. But what changes might we see? It’s pretty likely that robots and AI technology will bring great changes to jobs. Also, self-driving and flying cars will come into our daily life, making our lives easier. Scientists have even bigger ideas in a video called To the Future. Dr. Juraz believes we might be able to control things around us simply with our thoughts. “Imagine that you could use simple devices to connect to your mind and control things around you simply by thinking about it.” Juraz says. According to him, scientists are working on the technologies that can make this happen. They’ve made some progress already. The future has more than just that. Steven says that we’ll be able to create very strong but light things. New materials will change the way we build everything from cars to spacecraft. Imagine cars are safer, more energy-saving, and able to carry heavier things. Lighter spacecraft could mean great cuts in the cost and make more exploration goals possible. Panny believes that our relationship with machines will change. She says, “I think one day we can tell a machine what to do with just a button or a few simple words.” For example, pilots have to follow many steps for a plane to take off. But in 2045, according to Panny, “Prepare for taking off,” and the computer will do the rest. Or maybe, we won’t even need pilots. These are just a few of the many possible changes that 2045 might bring. It makes us wonder what other surprises the future holds. Will there be new forms of energy that change our lives? 1．What writing method does the writer use in Paragraph 4 when talking about Panny’s ideas? A．Using famous sayings. B．Making comparisons. C．Listing numbers. D．Giving examples. 2．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following ideas is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．People may control things with their thoughts. B．Machines will follow simple human commands. C．New energy forms will solve pollution problems. D．New materials will be used in cars and spacecraft. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Video About Famous Scientists B．Possible Changes in the World by 2045 C．The Importance of New Materials and AI D．Different Opinions on Science Development 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了到 2045 年，科技发展可能给世界带来的多方面变化，包括思想控制设备、新型材料、人机交互方式等。 1．根据第四段 “For example, pilots have to follow many steps for a plane to take off. But in 2045, according to Panny, ‘Prepare for taking off,’ and the computer will do the rest.”，作者通过举飞机起飞的例子来说明潘妮的观点，所以写作方法是 “Giving examples”。 2．本文第一段总述 2045 年世界可能发生巨大变化，引出下文；第二、三、四段分别介绍了科学家们提出的不同方面的可能变化；第五段总结全文，引发读者对未来的思考。整体结构为 “总分总”，对应选项 A 的结构。 3．根据第二段 “Dr. Juraz believes we might be able to control things around us simply with our thoughts.”，A 选项被提及；根据第四段 “I think one day we can tell a machine what to do with just a button or a few simple words.”，B 选项被提及；根据第三段 “New materials will change the way we build everything from cars to spacecraft.”，D 选项被提及；文中并未提及 “新能源形式将解决污染问题”。 4．本文开篇点题 “It’s clear that the world will be quite different in the year 2045. But what changes might we see?”，全文围绕 2045 年世界可能发生的变化展开论述，因此最佳标题为 “Possible Changes in the World by 2045”。 2 （2026·江苏泰州·一模）Imagine drinking warm water instead of cold drinks, making pear soup on a lazy evening, or practising baduanjin (八段锦) to start your day. Nowadays, these are no longer only Chinese habits. More and more foreigners are falling in love with Chinese daily habits, and the idea of “Becoming Chinese” is winning hearts all over the world. From New York to London, foreigners are sharing their “Chinese-style days,” showing that you needn’t change your nationality to love Chinese daily life. What makes these habits so popular? For most people, it is because they are good for health and easy to do. Unlike expensive gym cards or expensive health products, Chinese daily habits are cheap and easy to learn. “Drinking warm water makes my stomach feel much better,” a US life blogger said. Another user said that 10 minutes of baduanjin every day has fixed her sleep problems. The small changes fit people’s wish for a slower, healthier lifestyle—no wonder this trend (趋势) became popular! Two main reasons make this craze spread quickly: policy and technology. China has made visiting easier by making the transit visa-free (过境免签) time longer from 144 to 240 hours for travelers from 55 countries. Foreign visitors have taken this chance to walk on city streets, try local food, and share their trips online. Also, translation tools and social media let these daily moments spread fast—even if you can’t speak Chinese, you can easily follow a baduanjin guide and join the fun. This trend is not only about habits—it is about seeing China beyond kung fu, pandas and old palaces. As friends from all over the world enjoy warm daily joys like ginger tea, congee and baduanjin to relax, it shows that Chinese culture is not only for watching but also for living and enjoying. With easier travel rules and smarter translation tools, more people will discover its charm. The “Becoming Chinese” craze is not a short-lived thing—it is a sweet start to closer cultural ties around the world. 5．Why does the writer mention Chinese daily habits like drinking warm water in the beginning? A．To give readers advice. B．To introduce the topic. C．To show the differences. D．To explain Chinese culture. 6．What does the underlined word “craze” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．A popular trend. B．A short-lived thing. C．A traditional culture. D．A new kind of technology. 7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Chinese daily habits are expensive but easy to learn. B．Chinese culture is only suitable for watching, not for living. C．Visa-free policy makes it easier for foreign visitors to come to China. D．Smarter translation tools have no influence on the discovery of Chinese culture. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the “Becoming Chinese” trend? A．Worried. B．Unsure. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 9．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to Learn Chinese Daily Habits B．Chinese Daily Habits Win Global Hearts C．The Popularity of Chinese Travel Culture D．The Secrets Behind Chinese Popular Symbols 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 “Becoming Chinese” 热潮在全球兴起的现象，分析了中国日常习惯受欢迎的原因、热潮快速传播的推动因素，并指出这股热潮背后体现的文化交流意义。 5．文章开头提到喝温水、煮梨汤、练八段锦等中国日常习惯，是为了引出下文 “越来越多外国人爱上中国日常习惯” 这一核心话题，起到引入主题的作用。 6．文中划线词 “craze” 所在句为 “Two main reasons make this craze spread quickly”，结合上下文提到的 “popular trend” 和热潮的传播，可知 “craze” 在此处指 “风靡一时的潮流”，与选项 “A popular trend” 意思一致。 7．根据原文第三段 “China has made visiting easier by making the transit visa-free time longer from 144 to 240 hours for travelers from 55 countries”，可知免签政策让外国游客来华更便捷。 8．作者在文中多次提到这股热潮的积极意义，如 “it shows that Chinese culture is not only for watching but also for living and enjoying”“The ‘Becoming Chinese’ craze is not a short-lived thing—it is a sweet start to closer cultural ties around the world”，体现出支持、肯定的态度。 9．全文围绕 “中国日常习惯在全球流行，‘Becoming Chinese’热潮赢得世界喜爱” 展开，分析了现象、原因与意义，核心主题是中国日常习惯受到全球欢迎。 3 （2026·江苏盐城·一模） China has many ancient towers. They are famous not only for their beautiful appearance and smart building designs, but also for their close connections with Chinese literature and art. Among these towers, Yueyang Tower is one of the best examples. Yueyang Tower lies in Hunan Province, in the south-central part of China. It faces Dongting Lake, which is one of the largest freshwater lakes in China. History of Yueyang Tower It was first built during the Three Kingdoms Period (220—280 AD). At the beginning, it was used as a high platform (平台) for army training. Later, it was called the Baling Tower after the name of a nearby city. During the Tang Dynasty (618—907 AD), Baling City was renamed Yueyang City and the tower became Yueyang Tower. The tower has been repaired and rebuilt many times over the years. The one we see today was completed in 1879 during the Qing Dynasty. ▲ The tower has three floors and is 25.35 meters high, with an area of 251 square meters. It is special because it is made completely of wood, with no nails or rivets (铆钉). Moreover, instead of different kinds of hip roofs (屋顶) commonly seen in China, its roof looks like ancient helmets. Now, in China, it is the largest surviving ancient building that features a helmet roof. Cultural value of Yueyang Tower Standing on the tower, people can enjoy amazing views of Dongting Lake. So, it has long been a popular place for visitors and artists. Many famous poets in Chinese history, including Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi, wrote widely read poems. However, none of them is as popular as the article, On Yueyang Tower (岳阳楼记), written by Fan Zhongyan (989—1052 AD). Today, his famous words “To be the first to worry about the nation’s troubles, and the last to enjoy the nation’s happiness” encourage people to care more about the country and people than themselves, and do more good things for the nation. Yueyang Tower is widely known as one of the Three Great Towers south of the Yangtze River. There is no doubt that it is one of the treasures of traditional Chinese culture. 10．Where is Yueyang Tower located? A． B． C． D． 11．Which title can be put in the ▲ ? A．Materials of Yueyang Tower B．Features of Yueyang Tower C．Roof Style of Yueyang Tower D．Art works of Yueyang Tower 12．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Living without any worries. B．Always living a happy life. C．Putting the country and people before self. D．Caring more about other people. 13．What can we learn about the Yueyang Tower? A．The tower we see today was finished in 1879. B．It is the largest ancient building with a helmet roof. C．Most poets came here just to enjoy wonderful sights. D．It lies in south-central China facing the Yangtze river. 【答案】10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 【解析】本文从地理位置、历史沿革、建筑特色和文化价值四个方面，全面介绍了江南三大名楼之一——岳阳楼。 10．原文第一段“Yueyang Tower lies in Hunan Province, in the south-central part of China.”明确说明岳阳楼位于中国中南部的湖南省。 11．第二段介绍了岳阳楼的高度、面积、建筑材料、屋顶样式等多个建筑特点，B“岳阳楼的特征”可以完整概括该段内容。 12．划线句是《岳阳楼记》的名句“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”，原文第四段“encourage people to care more about the country and people than themselves,”也补充说明这句话鼓励人们“比起自己，更关心国家和人民”，也就是“把国家和人民放在个人之前”，对应C选项。 13．原文第二段“The tower has been repaired and rebuilt many times over the years. The one we see today was completed in 1879 during the Qing Dynasty.”明确提到我们如今见到的岳阳楼是清朝1879年建成的。 4 （2026·江苏无锡·一模） We seem to be living in an age of listening, where people often put on their headphones to enjoy different sounds and stories. Beyond music, a growing number of people in China are turning to different kinds of audio content such as podcasts, audiobooks and radio dramas. As a result, these changes are driving what people now call the “ear economy (经济)”. According to data analysis company iiMedia Research, the number of online audio listeners in China reached 747 million in 2024, making up about 68 percent of internet users. The market for the audio economy is expected to reach over 741 billion yuan by 2029. Audio products are becoming more popular because they are flexible and easy to use, Beijing Review said. They fit naturally into people’s daily routines, whether on their way to school or work, on a walk or before sleep. Listeners can easily open their favourite audio apps to enjoy different programs, relaxing while making the most of their free time. At the same time, rich and high-quality audio content meets people’s need to find knowledge and connection with others. For example, podcasts are informative and can bring listeners a sense of community. In recent years, growing business opportunities have also helped the ear economy. Audio creators can make money by way of ads, subscriptions (订阅) and digital gifts, while listeners are becoming more willing to pay for such content. As the “ear economy” grows quickly, many tech companies have introduced useful AI tools that make it easier for creators to get started. For example, in January 2025, NetEase launched a product that can turn text into podcasts right away and provide translations and AI notes rapidly. “Using our eyes to take in complex content can be tiring, but listening isn’t as tiring,” said Cheng Yanliang, founder of the cultural podcast Huzuo Huyou. Perhaps, in such a busy age, listening is the best way to live and grow. 14．Why are audio products popular according to Beijing Review? A．They are the cheapest form of entertainment. B．They require less internet data compared to videos. C．They are convenient and fit well into people’s busy life. D．They are pushed for heavily by media companies. 15．What does the author want to tell us by mentioning NetEase? A．AI will take the place of the audio creators. B．AI has changed the way listeners read texts. C．AI helps listeners improve their translation ability. D．AI helps reduce the difficulty of making audio content. 16．The following sentence can be put at the end of ________. They can also join WeChat fan groups and chat with hosts and other fans. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 17．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Joy for Free Time B．Future of AI Creation Tools C．Relaxing Ways of Life D．All Ears for Audio 【答案】14．C 15．D 16．C 17．D 【解析】本文介绍耳朵经济兴起现状，分析音频产品走红原因、市场规模、商业价值，以及AI技术对行业的助力，凸显听觉收听模式在当下生活愈发受欢迎。 14．第三段“Audio products are becoming more popular because they are flexible and easy to use, Beijing Review said. They fit naturally into people’s daily routines, whether on their way to school or work, on a walk or before sleep.”flexible and easy to use=convenient，说明音频产品便捷实用，贴合日常作息，因此广受喜爱，契合日常忙碌生活。 15．第六段“As the ‘ear economy’ grows quickly, many tech companies have introduced useful AI tools that make it easier for creators to get started.”说明AI工具降低创作者制作音频的难度。 16．第四段“At the same time, rich and high-quality audio content meets people’s need to find knowledge and connection with others.”讲述音频内容带来人际联结，题干句子讲听众可加入粉丝群互动聊天，话题匹配，可推断放入第四段末尾合适。 17．全文围绕音频收听、耳朵经济展开，最佳标题为“All Ears for Audio”。 5 （2026·江苏常州·一模） The mascot (吉祥物) for the 2026 “Happy Chinese New Year” international event is the lucky horse. China’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism has shown it to the public since 18th, December, 2025. The first idea for this mascot comes mostly from a famous old Chinese object—the Bronze Galloping Horse Treading on a Flying Swallow (马踏飞燕), which is from the Eastern Han Dynasty. Its main color is Chinese red. Red means happiness and a happy holiday feeling. To make the mascot more lovely, designers added lucky cloud patterns. They also used the style of “Wuhua horses“ from the Tang Dynasty. This makes the horse look lively and beautiful. Before they decided on the final design, the team talked with scientists that study old animals. At last, they chose the Zhada three-toed horse (札达三趾马) as the model. As a symbol of Chinese culture, the lucky horse is used in many international Spring Festival activities. It helps share traditional Chinese culture with people all over the world. The “Happy Chinese New Year” program has done well since 2001. It has built a strong link between Chinese culture and other cultures. These zodiac (生肖) mascots are very popular. They hold long—held cultural meanings and show new creative thoughts. They also give people around the world a good chance to learn about Chinese festivals. Every mascot, from the lucky rabbit to the lucky dragon, helps spread culture and shows how great Chinese culture is. This year’s lucky horse also keeps this good tradition and brings more nice surprises to the world. 18．What is the name of the famous old Chinese object that provided the main idea for the lucky horse mascot? A．The Zhada three-toed horse. B．The Wuhua horse. C．The Bronze Galloping Horse. D．The Flying Swallow horse. 19．Why did the designers use both the Tang Dynasty “Wuhua horse” style and the Zhada three-toed horse? A．To make it both simple and detailed. B．To make it both beautiful and true to history. C．To use both new technology and old designs. D．To balance international symbols with local traditions. 20．What is the main idea of the final paragraph? A．To describe the physical appearance of the lucky horse mascot. B．To show how zodiac mascots help share Chinese culture with the world. C．To compare the lucky horse with previous mascots like the rabbit and dragon. D．To explain the history of the “Happy Chinese New Year” program since 2001. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．B 【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了2026“欢乐春节”吉祥物“福马”的灵感来源、设计特点与文化意义。 18．根据原文第一段“The first idea for this mascot comes mostly from a famous old Chinese object—the Bronze Galloping Horse Treading on a Flying Swallow...”，可知吉祥物设计的主要灵感来源于东汉时期的“马踏飞燕”（青铜奔马）。 19．原文第二段提到设计师结合了唐代“五花马”风格和柘枝舞马元素，且设计前咨询了研究古动物的科学家，最终选择了唐代柘枝舞马。这一过程体现了对历史真实性的尊重，同时通过装饰（如祥云图案）使其“lovely and beautiful”。因此，目的是兼顾美观与历史真实性。 20．根据最后一段指出“Every mascot, from the lucky rabbit to the lucky dragon, helps spread culture and shows how great Chinese culture is. This year’s lucky horse also keeps this good tradition and bring more nice surprises to the world.”，主要讲生肖吉祥物如何帮助向世界传播中国文化。 6 （2026·江苏宿迁·一模）If you have seen the movie Journey to the Center of the Earth (《地心历险记》), you may be impressed by the underground forest world. But such worlds exist in real life, too! In May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists found a giant sinkhole (天坑) in Leye county, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep. According to Xinhua News Agency, Leye county is called “the museum of sinkholes”, where people have found 30 sinkholes so far. These sinkholes are formed because of the unique karst landscape (喀斯特地貌). Karst is an area of land made up of limestone (石灰岩), which is a soft rock that dissolves (溶解)in water. When rainwater flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks slowly grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves. Over time, a cave can get too big and its ceiling (顶) then falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the giant size of China’s sinkholes. “In China, you have this incredibly, visually spectacular karst with enormous sinkholes. In other parts of the world, sinkholes might be quite subdued (压制的), only a meter or two in diameter (直径),” US researcher George Veni told Live Science. According to Xinhua, in the newly found sinkhole, researchers found trees up to 40 meters high and undergrowth (林下植物) that came up to their shoulders. Sinkholes don’t just look cool. They are gifts of life. Many of them are home to ancient plant, animal and microbe (微生物) life. They also provide a water source to 700 million people worldwide. 21．Why is Leye county called the “museum of sinkholes”? A．Because the oldest sinkhole is in the county. B．Because the sinkhole was found in the county C．Because the biggest sinkhole is in the county. D．Because there are many sinkholes in the county. 22．Compared to sinkholes in other countries, sinkholes in China are _______. A．much bigger in size B．rich in plant species C．home to ancient species D．a water source for many people 23．What is the passage mainly about? A．The movie Journey to the Center of the Earth. B．A newly found giant sinkhole in China. C．The history of Chinese giant sinkholes. D．Some facts about giant sinkholes. 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国广西乐业县的天坑形成原因、规模特征以及天坑对生态环境和人类的重要意义。 21．根据第三段第一句：“Leye county is called ‘the museum of sinkholes’, where people have found 30 sinkholes so far.”，说明乐业县被称为“天坑博物馆”是因为当地有众多天坑。 22．根据第四段外国研究者的话：“In China, you have this incredibly, visually spectacular karst with enormous sinkholes. In other parts of the world, sinkholes might be quite subdued, only a meter or two in diameter.”，说明中国的天坑比其他国家的天坑大得多。 23．全文围绕天坑的形成 (第三段)、中国的天坑特点 (第四段)、天坑内的植物 (第五段) 以及天坑对生命和人类的价值 (第六段) 展开，属于对天坑的客观事实介绍。 7 （2026·江苏常州·一模）The Comedy Wildlife Photography Award began in 2015, with the idea that humour can help people understand and care more about the world’s wildlife. Each year, the organization publishes books and calendars featuring the top photos, and 10% of the money made from the competition is donated to a conservation charity (保护慈善机构). Here are some other fun photos from this year. The top prize went to a photograph of a dancing gorilla (大猩猩) named “High Five”, taken by Mark Meth Cohn from the UK. Mark recalled, “We spent four unforgettable days searching for gorilla families in Virunga Mountains. One day, we came across a large family group in a forest. The adults were looking for food while the young ones were playing. One young male was happily showing off by spinning, rolling and doing high kicks. It was a joy to watch him, and I was excited to have taken his playful spirit in this photo.” Paula Rustemeier from Germany won an award for her picture of playful foxes. She took it in a nature park where the foxes feel safe and can be seen during the day. Paula got very close to them! She said, “If you put in the time, you’ll find that the foxes usually get curious or see you as something natural, not dangerous.” Alison Tuck of the UK was highly praised for her picture of a gannet (塘鹅), which is a type of seabird. The bird is shown on a windy day with its face full of grass that it was trying to collect for its nest! Alison named her photograph “Now which direction is my nest?” 24．What is the main purpose of The Comedy Wildlife Photography Award? A．To raise money for wildlife conservation. B．To make people laugh at funny animal photos. C．To use humour to increase care for wildlife. D．To find the best wildlife photographers. 25．Why is Alison Tuck’s photo of the gannet considered funny? A．The gannet is collecting grass for its nest on a windy day. B．The gannet looks angry and is trying to attack the photographer. C．The gannet’s face is covered with grass, and it cannot see clearly. D．The gannet is flying in the wrong direction with grass in its mouth. 26．What do the three photos mentioned in the passage have in common? A．They were all taken in nature parks during the daytime. B．They all show wild animals behaving in a playful or funny way. C．They all won the top prize of the competition with their efforts. D．They were all taken by photographers from the UK. 【答案】24．C 25．C 26．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了喜剧野生动物摄影奖的创办初衷、公益用途，并列举了几幅获奖的趣味摄影作品及其背后的故事。 24．原文第一段提到“The Comedy Wildlife Photography Award began in 2015, with the idea that humour can help people understand and care more about the world’s wildlife.”，由此可知该奖项的主要目的是用幽默来提升人们对野生动物的关注与保护意识。 25．原文最后一段提到“The bird is shown on a windy day with its face full of grass that it was trying to collect for its nest! Alison named her photograph ‘Now which direction is my nest?’”，由此可知这张照片有趣的原因是塘鹅脸上沾满了草，看不清方向，显得十分滑稽。 26．文中提到的三张照片分别是跳舞的大猩猩、嬉戏的狐狸和满脸是草的塘鹅，它们的共同点是都展现了野生动物顽皮或滑稽的行为。 8 （2026·江苏苏州·一模） We know elephants never get lost. People find some animals can easily find their way home like elephants. How do they make it? The answer is quite plain: they use nature as their guide. Although we know what they use, exactly how their brains work is sometimes still a secret. Certain kinds of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 meters and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert, so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometers through a dark forest. Some fishes have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area. Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides certain kinds of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.   However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we should simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals. 27．Which of the following meanings is suitable for the underlined word “plain”? A．Easy to understand. B．Quite important. C．Not beautiful. D．Very honest. 28．According to the passage, if a fish is far away from home, what may help it return? A．Its sense of smell. B．Other fish. C．The stars in the sky. D．Its strong memory. 29．What may be the writer’s advice for us? A．Building more cities for humans. B．Turning off some lights at night. C．Helping animals find their way home. D．Learning more about animals' habits. 30．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How scientists study animal behavior. B．What problems animals face in the desert. C．Why some animals live better than humans. D．How animals find their way using special abilities. 【答案】27．A 28．A 29．B 30．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动物利用特殊能力辨别方向、找到回家的路相关知识，同时提到了人类活动对动物的影响。 27．根据第一段中的“How do they make it? The answer is quite plain: they use nature as their guide.”可知，这句话是对动物不迷路原因的回答，冒号后是解释，所以plain在这里的意思是“容易理解的、清楚的”。 28．根据第三段中的“Some fishes have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area.”，表明如果一条鱼离家很远，它可以靠它的嗅觉帮助它回家。 29．根据第五段中的“To solve this problem, we should simply turn off some lights at night.”，说明作者提出的解决人类干扰动物辨路的办法的建议是夜间关闭部分灯光。 30．根据第一段中的“We know elephants never get lost. People find some animals can easily find their way home like elephants. How do they make it?”，文章主要围绕“动物如何利用特殊能力找到回家的路”展开，介绍了不同动物的辨路方法和人类的影响。 9 （2026·江苏常州·一模）In 2025, as the “double reduction” policy carries on, more parents realize just doing exercises blindly doesn’t work. In fact, 90% of students’ learning troubles come from not having a complete “brain thinking system”. This new idea, proposed by brain science researchers, has become a hot topic in education. It is bringing a big change to how students develop their learning habits and thinking skills. A study shows a complete brain thinking chain (链条) has six key parts: the start, the development, keeping on, feelings, self-check, and a clear structure. Many students feel learning is hard not because they are not smart, but because some parts of their thinking chain are broken. For example, if students fail to start properly, they will put off tasks; if they don’t persist, they will give up easily; and without self-check, their learning will not work well. To solve these problems, educational technology companies created the 4S brain training system, which helps students build a full thinking chain in a scientific way. The 4S system has changed students’ habits greatly. Zhang Yu, a Hebei high school student, used to be crazy about games and put off doing his homework. After the system’s time management training, he planned study with an app, raising his English score from 89 to 123. Lin Xia from Jiangsu stopped using the tiring “sea of questions” method and analyzed mistakes from different angles (角度) to build her self-check habits, and her logical thinking improved a lot. More importantly, the system helps develop key thinking skills. The 2025 World Digital Education Conference noticed the key of future education is technology-supported ability reconstruction (重构). The brain thinking chain training proves good habits and skills can be developed scientifically. This is very important for students to learn independently and face challenges in the future. 31．According to the passage, what is NOT a key part of a complete brain thinking chain? A．The start. B．Feelings. C．Self-check. D．Planning. 32．Which of the following is TRUE about the 4S brain training system? A．The system was created by the government to carry on the policy. B．Zhang Yu’s English score increased by using time management training. C．Lin Xia improved her logical thinking by using “sea of questions” training. D．The system can develop thinking skills without any homework. 33．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Brain Science B．How to Improve Students’ Learning Habits C．The 4S Brain Training System: Building a Complete Thinking Chain D．The Advantage of “Double Reduction” Policy on Students and Teachers 【答案】31．D 32．B 33．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了学生学习中存在的“脑思维链条”问题，以及4S大脑训练系统如何帮助学生建立完整的思维链条并改善学习习惯。 31．根据第二段“A study shows a complete brain thinking chain (链条) has six key parts: the start, the development, keeping on, feelings, self-check, and a clear structure.”可知，完整的脑思维链条包含起点、发展、坚持、情感、自查和清晰结构这六部分，没有提到“计划”。 32．根据第三段“After the system’s time management training, he planned study with an app, raising his English score from 89 to 123.”可知，张宇通过使用该系统的时间管理训练提高了英语成绩。 33．本文主要介绍了学生学习中存在的“脑思维链条”问题，以及4S大脑训练系统如何帮助学生建立完整的思维链条并改善学习习惯。选项C“4S大脑训练系统：构建完整的思维链”最能准确概括文章的核心内容，适合作为文章标题。 10 （2026·江苏南京·一模）Young people in China are showing off their style with fun bag charms. These small decorations hang from backpacks and swing as people walk. They have become a very popular fashion trend (趋势), driving a consumption boom known as the “bag-charm economy (包挂经济)”. These charms are more than just simple decorations; they help young people show who they are and create a new way of emotional (情感上的) connection. There is a wide variety of these bag charms. Some are soft, plush toys, while others get ideas from traditional Chinese culture or museum pieces. Some are even released (发行) as limited editions, making them especially attractive to young customers. For example, Xi’an Momo Dolls and Sanxingdui’s Bronze Mask series re-imagine traditional elements into new forms for modern youth. These “China-chic” designs turn bag charms into cultural bridges between the past and present. These charms offer more than just a decorative touch; they play a key role in breaking the ice among strangers. A shared charm can help people connect with just a smile. As the Chinese New Year came near, Vicky, who lives in Nanjing, bought clothes not just for her family, but for her Labubu charm. “I match charms to my mood and clothes,” she explains. “Sometimes they feel like emotional codes—shared understanding brings quick connections at once.” The charms have become popular because of the new and better ways of making them in places like Guangdong. Dongguan, known as the “designer toy capital”, has thousands of factories using smart technology to create new designs quickly. This kind of ability helps the industry follow market trends. It even makes it possible to produce things in small groups. Today, these charms are reshaping the international image of “Made in China” by telling stories rooted in local creativity. From Southeast Asia to the Americas, these small items are building emotional bonds with global customers and showing a special Eastern beauty. However, while enjoying these lovely charms, young people should keep their enthusiasm (热情) and reason in balance, avoiding impulsive purchases (冲动消费) and peer pressure. When we use them carefully, these small things can truly become the starlight that brightens daily lives. By joining Chinese creativity with emotional value, these tiny accessories (配饰) are ready to tell more and more interesting Chinese stories on the world stage, proving that even small things can have a big cultural influence.      34．Why are bag charms popular among young people in China according to the passage? A．They’re a must-have for matching clothes. B．They’re mainly used to show one’s collections. C．They come in different kinds including limited ones. D．They show the youth’s personalities and connections. 35．Which of the following can best show the style of “China-chic”? A． B． C． D． 36．Why did Vicky buy clothes for her Labubu charm before the Chinese New Year? A．To create good memories with friends. B．To go better with her mood and clothes. C．To have a closer connection with her family. D．To make her charm perfect for the celebration. 37．What can we infer from the writer’s advice in the last paragraph? A．It’s important to keep calm while following fashion trends. B．Peer pressure is the key reason why bag charms are popular. C．Young people mainly use bag charms to show their personalities. D．Buying lovely bag charms is the best way to brighten daily lives. 38．What is the best title for this passage? A．Dongguan: The designer toy capital B．Small accessories, big cultural influence C．Popular bag charms among young people D．Changes in young people’s shopping habits 【答案】34．D 35．B 36．B 37．A 38．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国年轻人中流行的包挂文化，阐述了包挂作为时尚潮流背后的文化内涵、社交价值与产业发展，同时也提醒年轻人理性消费，展现了这些小配饰如何传递文化魅力与情感联结。 34．根据文章第一段中“These charms are more than just simple decorations; they help young people show who they are and create a new way of emotional (情感上的) connection.” 可知，包挂受欢迎的核心原因是它们能展现年轻人的个性，并帮助建立情感联结，对应选项D。 35．根据文章第二段中“For example, Xi’an Momo Dolls and Sanxingdui’s Bronze Mask series re-imagine traditional elements into new forms for modern youth. These “China-chic” designs turn bag charms into cultural bridges between the past and present.”可知，“国潮”风格的包挂以三星堆青铜面具、西安Momo玩偶等传统文化元素为设计灵感，选项B的形象与三星堆青铜面具的国潮设计高度契合。 36．根据文章第三段Vicky的原话“I match charms to my mood and clothes,”可知，她给Labubu包挂买衣服，是为了让包挂和自己的心情、穿搭相匹配，对应选项B。 37．文章最后一段中“However, while enjoying these lovely charms, young people should keep their enthusiasm (热情) and reason in balance, avoiding impulsive purchases (冲动消费) and peer pressure.”，即作者建议年轻人在追随时尚潮流时，要保持热情与理性的平衡，避免冲动消费，对应选项A。 38．文章从包挂的流行现象、文化内涵、社交价值、产业影响等多方面展开，最后点明“even small things can have a big cultural influence”，核心主旨是“小配饰也能带来大文化影响”，选项B最贴合全文主题。 11 （2026·江苏扬州·一模）If you’ve ever picked up plastic while cleaning a beach, you may have held more than waste in your hands. A new study shows microplastics—small plastic pieces under 5 mm—are quickly covered by harmful bacteria (细菌). This turns small plastic pieces, wrappers and bottles on the beach into vehicles (载体) for carrying diseases. Microplastics now cover every part of the earth. They are in plastic products and in the air we breathe. More than 125 trillion pieces float in the ocean, and more are found in rivers, soils, animals, and even the human body. But scientists say that the danger is not just the plastic itself: it’s the Plastisphere (塑料表层菌群)—the thin layer of bacteria that grow on each small piece. ▲ A team led by Dr. Emily Stevenson from Plymouth Marine Laboratory & University of Exeter published a new study. They found microplastics in real natural environments—from hospital wastewater to coastal waters—carrying bacteria during their whole journey. To prove their idea, they carried out an experiment and tested five materials: bio-beads, nurdles, polystyrene, wood, and glass. They put them along a river running from highly polluted areas to the sea. After two months, tests showed: All plastics, in all places, had pathogens (病原体) and drug-resistant (耐药的) bacteria. Each microplastic can work as a small, moving dish for growing germs (细菌). It carried super-bacteria from hospital wastewater to beaches, swimming areas and shellfish-growing sites. “This study shows the risk of disease and drug-resistant germs from microplastics in our oceans and coasts,” said Dr. Stevenson. “We strongly advise volunteers to wear gloves during beach cleanups and wash hands later.” As microplastics continue to increase around the world, researchers warn that the Plastisphere could make the spread of super-bacteria worse. The study calls for better waste management, less plastic waste and unified plans across wastewater, healthcare, and ocean protection. 39．How does the writer start the passage? A．By offering advice. B．By listing some numbers. C．By expressing opinions. D．By giving background information. 40．Which sentence can be put in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 3? A．How can we deal with plastic waste? B．Why are bacteria difficult to study? C．What makes microplastics more dangerous? D．When do we do beach cleanups? 41．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Plastics easily carry harmful and drug-resistant bacteria. B．Wood and glass are safer than other materials in water. C．Hospitals are the main cause of plastic pollution in rivers. D．More experiments should be done in natural environments. 42．What is the best title for the passage? A．Sea pollution: Serious problem B．New Study: Stop Wastewater Pollution C．Beach cleanup: Safe and helpful work D．Microplastics: Hidden disease carriers 【答案】39．D 40．C 41．A 42．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了一项关于微塑料的新研究，指出微塑料不仅是物理垃圾，其表面附着的“塑料表层菌群”还使其成为在环境中传播病原体和耐药细菌的隐藏载体。 39．根据第一段首句“If you’ve ever picked up plastic while cleaning a beach, you may have held more than waste in your hands.”可知，作者通过描述在海滩清理塑料垃圾这一生活中的常见场景作为背景来创设情境，从而自然地引出微塑料危害的主题，这种方式属于提供背景信息。 40．根据第三段空后的内容“A team led by Dr. Emily Stevenson…published a new study. They found microplastics…carry bacteria during their whole journey.”可知，该段主要介绍了一项发现微塑料在自然环境中会携带细菌的新研究。结合上一段末尾指出的真正危险是“Plastisphere”，推断此处是在设问微塑料为什么更危险，从而自然引出本段关于研究团队具体发现的叙述。C选项“What makes microplastics more dangerous?”符合语境逻辑，起到了承上启下的过渡作用。 41．根据第四段中“To prove their idea, they carried out an experiment…All plastics, in all places, had pathogens and drug-resistant bacteria.”可知，该段通过具体的实验结果详细说明了塑料极易携带病原体和耐药细菌这一事实。A选项“Plastics easily carry harmful and drug-resistant bacteria.”高度概括了本段的实验结论，为主旨大意句。 42．全文首先引出微塑料上附着的“塑料表层菌群”这一安全隐患，随后通过科学家的具体实验证明了微塑料会在环境中像小培养皿一样，成为在不同水体中传播超级细菌和病原体的工具。D选项“微塑料：隐藏的疾病载体”准确且高度概括了文章的核心主旨，最适合作文章标题。 12 （2026·江苏徐州·一模）In old China, people didn’t just say “I’m 13” or “I’m 30.” They used fun, poetic names for different ages—like secret codes for growing up! Let’s check out some of the coolest ones. Cardamom Years (豆蔻年华): This name is for girls around 13 years old. It comes from a Tang Dynasty poem, where a poet compared 13-year-old girls to cardamom flowers just starting to bloom. It means “the fresh, lovely time of being a young teen.” Hairpin Ceremony (及笄): When a girl turned 15, she’d have a special ceremony called ji ji. She’d put a hairpin in her hair to show she was now a young woman, old enough to take on more responsibilities and think about marriage. Standing Firm (而立之年): This is for people turning 30. “Standing firm” means “standing on your own two feet.” By 30, ancient Chinese people thought you should have a clear life plan, be independent, and know what you want to do. No Confusion (不惑之年): At 40, you’re in the “age of no confusion.” After years of learning and experience, you understand the world better and don’t get easily tricked or confused by tricky situations. Knowing Your Path (知天命之年): When you hit 50, you enter the “age of knowing heaven’s will.” This doesn’t mean giving up—it means knowing your strengths and what you’re meant to do, so you focus on the things that really matter. These age names aren’t just old words—they’re like little stories about growing up. They show how ancient Chinese people thought about getting older: not just counting years, but growing wiser and stronger. 43．What does “Cardamom Years” refer to? A．Boys at 13 B．Girls around 13 C．All teenagers D．Adults at 30 44．What happened at the Hairpin Ceremony for a 15-year-old girl? A．She put a hairpin in her hair to show she was a young woman. B．She got a new bike. C．She started school. D．She got married. 45．According to the passage, what should people do at “Standing Firm”? A．Play video games all day. B．Have a clear life plan and be independent. C．Stop learning new things. D．Get married immediately. 46．What does the writer think of these age names? A．They are boring and useless. B．They are too hard to understand. C．They are only for old people. D．They are cool stories that show old Chinese ideas about growing up. 【答案】43．B 44．A 45．B 46．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代对不同年龄的诗意别称，如豆蔻年华、及笄、而立之年等，解释了它们的含义与文化背景，展现了古人对成长与年龄的独特理解。 43．第二段明确说明：“Cardamom Years: This name is for girls around 13 years old.”，这直接指出“豆蔻年华”指代13岁左右的女孩。 44．第三段描述及笄礼：“When a girl turned 15, she’d have a special ceremony called ji ji. She’d put a hairpin in her hair to show she was now a young woman”，说明15岁女孩在及笄礼上会插上发簪，标志自己成年。 45．第四段解释而立之年：“By 30, ancient Chinese people thought you should have a clear life plan, be independent, and know what you want to do.”，说明“而立之年”的人们应有清晰的人生规划、保持独立。 46．最后一段点明作者观点：“These age names aren’t just old words—they’re like little stories about growing up. They show how ancient Chinese people thought about getting older”，说明作者认为这些年龄别称是展现古人成长观念的有趣故事。 试卷第1页，共3页 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $