Unit 1 Nature in the balance Reading 语言点 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 1 Nature in the balance Reading-language points 词汇派生 Part 1 2 1．________n.&v. 伤害，损害→_________ adj.有害的→___________ adj. 无害的; 无恶意的 2．________ n. 地区，区域→________ adj. 地区的; 局部的； →________n. 地方主义者 3．_______ n.不同种类; 变化, 多样性→________ v. 改变,使...变化 →_________ adj.各种各样的 4．_______ n. 大量；团，块→__________ adj. 大量的; 巨大的→_________ adv. 大量地；沉重地 harm harmless region variety various mass massive massively harmful regional regionist vary 5．________ vi.生存, 存活/vt. 幸存，幸免于难 →________ n. 幸存，残存→__________n. 幸存者；生还者 6．_______ vi. 不复存在, 消失→______________ n. 消失;不见 7．________ n.灭绝，绝种→________ adj. 灭绝的；绝种的→__________adj.消灭性的；消退的 survive disappear extinction survival survivor disappearance extinct extinctive 重点短语 Part 2 5 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 1.对…有害(P1) 2.发出警报(P1) 7.…的面积(L5-6) 3.大量的，大片的(L1) 5.在……中起重要作用(L2-3) 4.充满，到处都是(L1) 6.维持……的平衡(L3) 8.躺在……上(L14) 9.各种各样的(L14-15) 10.是......的家园(L19) do harm to... sound the alarm a huge sea of (be) alive with play a significant role in... maintain the balance of... an area of lie down on... a variety of be home to 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 12.以......为食(L24-25) 11.食物链(L24) 13.相应地，转而(L26) 14.使分解(为）(L28) 15.给......带来起色，注入活力(L30) 16.作为……而闻名(L31) 17.由于，因为 (L35) 18.濒临灭绝(L36-37) food chain feed on... in turn break down breathe life into... be known as... due to in danger of extinction 词汇练习 Part 3 8 1. The human race has done much harm. (L1-2) 人类造成了很多伤害。 do harm to sb./ sth.= do sb./ sth. harm 对某人/某物有害 cause (sb./ sth.) harm （对某人/某物）造成损害 harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to 对……有害 harmless adj. 无害的 be harmless to 对……无害 单句填空： This object gives off (1) gases, which may (2) our health. You'd better make the object (3) before you use it. harmful do harm to/be harmful to harmless harm   n. & vt. 伤害, 损害 9 1.The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. (L14-15) 雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。 variety n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种；变体 a variety of/ varieties of 各种各样的 vary v. 改变，使...变化   various adj. 各种各样的 vary in... 在...方面不同 vary from to... 从...到...之间变化 10 (1) There is a wide ________of patterns for you to choose from. (2) There are ______________ (vary) ways to do this. (3) His novels vary _____ length. variety various in 单句语法填空 2. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(L16) 往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 mass n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的 the masses 群众；平民百姓 mass production 批量生产 a mass of sth / masses of sth 大量(作主语时, 谓语动词的数与of 后的名词的数保持一致。) （1）There were dark ___________(mass) of clouds in the sky. （2）A mass of _______(rock) fell down the mountain. masses rocks 3. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. (L19-20) 雨林的每一层都自成一个小世界，成为各种生物的家园。 living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的（通常作前置定语） n. 生计，谋生；生活方式 live v. 居住；生活 / adj. 活的，现场直播的 alive adj. 活着的，充满活力的（修饰人/物, 作表语, 补语 或后置定语，不可以作前置定语） lively adj. 活泼的；生气勃勃的（修饰人/物, 作定语, 表语/补语） 单句填空 (1)Her eyes were bright and 　　　　　　(live) (2)This is a 　 　　 (live)fish. (3)She doesn’t know if he is 　　　　(live) or dead.  lively　 living　 alive　 4. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. (L23-24) 尽管这里生存着数量可观的美洲豹，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环。 survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难 survival 生存，幸存 survivor 生还者，幸存者 单句填空 (1)Somehow, her _______ (survive) was a wonder. (2)She was one of the two __________(survive).  (3)Some strange customs have _______(survive) from earlier times. survival survivors survived 3. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle’s plant life.(L21-22) 1300多种鸟和400多种哺乳动物藏身于这片丛林的植被中。 more than 超过，多于 (1) +数字 （=over）超过，多于 (2) +名词 不仅仅是，不只是 (3) +adj./adv./v. (=very/very much)非常，很 判断下列句子中more than 的含义： (1) Up to now , more than five cities have been struck by the sudden typhoon. (3) Lisa is more than sad to see her friend off at the airport. (2) China Daily is more than a newspaper; it also helps us improve our English. 超过 不仅仅是 非常 重点句型 Part 4 19 The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6,400 kilometers in length---roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. 1.The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length--- roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6400千米，比长江还长约100千米。 分析：句中from which为“介词+关系代词”引导的________________,修饰先行词__________________. 非限制性定语从句 The Amazon River 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 【小试牛刀】 1. He opens a door through_______ our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism. (必修二U4 课文原句 ) 2. The professor, from _________ we learned a lot, retired last year. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 which whom 思考：此结构中介词如何确定？ Summary:此结构中的关系代词，先行词指物时关系代词用_________,指人时则用___________. which whom “介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句 ①Do you still remember the day ________ which we met for the first time? ②In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ whom she could turn for help. ③The colorless gas, ________ which we can’t live, is called oxygen. 介词的确定要遵循三点原则： (1)依据与先行词搭配； (2)依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配; (3)依据定语从句的意义来确定。 on to without 一先、二动、三意义 2. With an area of around6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. （Line 6） 倍数表达法 翻译：亚马逊的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 1) The Earth is 49 times as large as the Moon. 2) This tree is three times as tall as that one. Observe the following sentences： 倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as.. 3) The Earth is 48 times larger than the Moon. 4) This tree is twice taller than that one. 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than... 5)This gallery is twice the size of that one. 6)This river is three times the length of that one 倍数+the size/ /length/width/height/...+of+... 一句多译：这条河的长度是那条河的四倍。 This river is four times the length of that one. This river is four times as long as that one. This river is three times longer than that one. Summary: 倍数的表达方式： A+be+倍数+the+名词（size/length/width/height）+of+B. A+be+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B. A+be+(n-1)倍数+比较级+than B. 3.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. (L16) 表语前置，above在句首引起完全倒装 分析：这是一个________句，主语是________________________________________,is是___________,句首的介词短语Above that作_______. 正常语序为：___________________________________________________________________________________ “凋落的树叶；落叶层” 翻译：往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层. 介词短语作后置定语 倒装 the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor 系动词 表语 The mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor is above that. 当here, there, now, then, out, in, into, down, up, behind, away等表示地点、时间、方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。谓语动词常用：come , go, be, exist, lie, sit, stand等。 1. Behind every book _____a man, behind the man ____ the race, and behind the race ______the natural and social environments. 2. Of equal importance _____good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 3. A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there_______ (come) the news. is is are are came 语法填空 Part 5 27 Covering 5.5 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is the 1. __________ (large) remaining tropical forest, home to a wide range of plants and wildlife. Of the 390, 000 species of plants 2. ______ (know) to man, more than 40, 000 can be found in the Amazon forest. The forest’s different levels provide food and shelter 3. ______ an unbelievable variety of wildlife. More than 1, 300 species of birds and 427 species of mammals hide among the Amazon rainforest’s plant life. For example, jaguars, although close to 4. ________ (extinct) in other areas, can still survive as it is easy for 5. ______ to find food here. Besides, the Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and 6. __________ (produce) over 20% of all the Earth’s largest known for extinction them producing oxygen. Thus it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is 7. ______ treasure house of species 8. _________ can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, 17% of the forest 9. _________________(disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we 10. ______ (leave) with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? a that/which has disappeared are left $