Unit 1 课时2 Section A 2a-3d（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级下册

Unit 1 Let’s Celebrate! Unit 1 课时2 Section A 2a-3d 核心知识梳理 一、必背知识 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇 1.row v.划（船）n.一排；一列 2.wash away洗掉；冲走 短语 1.in person亲自；本人；当场 2.because of因为；由于 3.throw…into把…… 扔进…… 4.keep away from使…… 远离；不接近 5.be thankful to对…… 感激 6.remind…of使某人想起…… 7.in ancient times在古代 8.be interested in对…… 感兴趣 9.make notes做笔记 10.cool down凉快下来；（使）冷静 11.throw…at each other互相泼（扔）…… 12.according to根据；按照 13.have good luck in在…… 方面有好运 句型 1.Yuan Meng and her friends are watching a boat race in person.袁梦和她的朋友们正在现场观看龙舟赛。 2.The dragon boat race in China is special because of its story.中国的龙舟赛因为它的故事而显得特别。 3.People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from the body of Qu Yuan.人们把米扔进河里，为的是让鱼远离屈原的遗体。 4.You are a foreign student who is interested in the Dragon Boat Festival.你是一名对端午节感兴趣的外国学生。 5.Make some notes on what you know about the Dragon Boat Festival.把你知道的端午节相关内容做成笔记。 6.I'm going to Thailand to experience their New Year celebrations.我打算去泰国体验他们的新年庆祝活动。 7.Wow, that will be fun, although I believe it's quite hot there.哇，那一定会很好玩，虽然我相信那里会相当热。 8.That must cool people down.那一定能让人凉快下来。 9.I wonder if the two water festivals are similar.我想知道这两个与水有关的节日是否相似。 10.The Dai people's New Year celebration is usually in mid-April as well.傣族人的新年庆祝活动通常也在四月中旬。 11.People go into the streets and throw water at each other.人们走上街头，互相泼水。 12.Well, according to their culture, the water washes away bad things.嗯，按照他们的文化，水会冲走不好的东西。 13.Then they'll have good luck in the new year.这样他们新的一年里就会有好运。 14.I hope I'll get some good luck in Thailand!我希望我在泰国能交上一些好运！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2、 必会考点 1. The dragon boat race in China is special because of its story.中国的龙舟赛因为它的故事而显得特别。 核心固定搭配 1. because + 完整句子：因为……（有主语、谓语） 2. because of + 名词 / 代词 /doing 动名词 ：因为……（后面只有名词性成分，无主谓） 📖中考例句 1. He stayed at home because he was ill.他待在家里，因为他生病了。 2. He stayed at home because of his illness.他待在家里，因为他的病。 3. The sports meeting was put off because of the bad rain.运动会因为大雨被推迟。 4. He felt sad because he missed the Spring-Festival celebration.他很伤心，因为他错过了春节庆祝活动。 ⚖词义辨析：because & because of because（连词）：后面必须接句子（要有主语 + 谓语动词），用来回答 why 的提问。 because of（介词短语）：后面只能接名词、代词、doing 动名词，绝对不能接主谓句子 【即学即练】用 because /because of 填空 1. He couldn’t go sightseeing ________ the heavy traffic. 2. He couldn’t go sightseeing ________ the traffic was heavy. 3. ________ the old tradition, people celebrate the Lantern Festival. 4. People throw water at each other ________ it is their New Year custom. 5. She was late ________ getting up late. 【参考答案】1. because of 2. because 3. Because of 4. because 5. because of 2. People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from the body of Qu Yuan.人们把米扔进河里，为的是让鱼远离屈原的遗体。 throw...into 把…… 扔进……（throw 是及物动词，throw-threw-thrown；into 是介词，后面接地点名词） 单词 词性 释义 throw v. 扔；投；抛（throw-threw-thrown） throw away 短语 扔掉；丢弃 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. throw sth into sp 把某物扔进某地：throw the paper into the basket 把纸扔进篮子 2. throw sth to sb 把某物扔给某人（to 表示方向，对方接住）：throw the ball to me 把球扔给我 3. throw sth at sb/sth 朝某人或某物扔某物（at 带有攻击、故意砸向的意思）：throw a stone at the window 朝窗户扔石头 4. throw...into the air 把…… 抛向空中：throw hats into the air 把帽子抛向空中 5. throw water at each other 互相泼水（泼水节） 6. throw away 扔掉；丢弃：Don't throw away old books. 不要扔掉旧书。 7. 注意：throw 是不规则动词，过去式是 threw，不是 throwed；被动语态用 be thrown into：Rubbish mustn't be thrown into the river. 垃圾不能扔进河里。 中考例句 1. People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from Qu Yuan's body. 人们把米扔进河里，为的是让鱼远离屈原的遗体。 2. Don't throw rubbish into the river. 不要把垃圾扔进河里。 3. He threw the ball to me and I caught it. 他把球扔给我，我接住了。 4. The boy threw a stone at the dog. 那个男孩朝狗扔了一块石头。 5. The children threw their hats into the air and cheered. 孩子们把帽子抛向空中欢呼起来。 6. People in Thailand throw water at each other during the festival. 泰国人在节日期间互相泼水。 介词 含义 例句 into 进入…… 内部，强调扔进去 Throw the paper into the basket. 把纸扔进篮子里。 at 朝……（带有攻击性） Don't throw stones at the animals. 不要朝动物扔石头。 to 向……（传递，对方接住） He threw the ball to me. 他把球扔给我。 away 扔掉；丢弃 She threw the old shoes away. 她把旧鞋扔掉了。 【即学即练】适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空 1. Please throw the waste paper ________ the basket. 2. He threw the ball ________ me, and I caught it. 3. Don't throw stones ________ the animals in the zoo. 4. People ________ (throw) rice into the river in ancient times. 【参考答案】1. into 2. to 3. at 4. threw 3. I'm going to Thailand to experience their New Year celebrations.我打算去泰国体验他们的新年庆祝活动。 experience n. 经验（不可数）；经历（可数）；v. 体验；经历 单词 词性 释义 experience n. 经验（不可数）；经历（可数） experience v. 体验；经历 experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的 gain experience 短语 获得经验 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. experience sth 体验某事：experience their New Year celebrations 体验他们的新年庆祝活动 2. have experience in (doing) sth 在做某事方面有经验：have much experience in teaching 在教学方面很有经验 3. gain /get experience 获得经验：gain a lot of experience 获得很多经验 4. work experience 工作经验；learn from experience 从经验中学习 5. 表示 “经验” 时不可数，不加 a、不加 s：×a lot of experiences（当 “经验” 讲） 6. 表示 “经历” 时可数：a wonderful experience 一次奇妙的经历；two interesting experiences 两次有趣的经历 7. be experienced in /at 在…… 方面有经验：She is experienced in teaching. 她在教学方面有经验。 中考例句 1. I'm going to Thailand to experience their New Year celebrations. 我打算去泰国体验他们的新年庆祝活动。 2. She has much experience in teaching English. 她在教英语方面很有经验。 3. Traveling alone was a wonderful experience for me. 独自旅行对我来说是一次奇妙的经历。 4. He told us some interesting experiences in Africa. 他给我们讲了在非洲的几次有趣经历。 5. We can learn a lot from experience. 我们能从经验中学到很多。 6. My father is an experienced doctor. 我爸爸是一位有经验的医生。 词义辨析：experience（经验）& experience（经历） 用法 可数性 例句 经验；阅历 不可数 He has much experience in cooking. 他做饭很有经验。 一次经历；一件事 可数 It was an unforgettable experience. 那是一次难忘的经历。 动词：体验；经历 及物动词 Many foreigners come to experience Chinese culture. 许多外国人来体验中国文化。 【即学即练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1. She has much ________ (experience) in teaching English. 2. He told us two interesting ________ (experience) in the countryside. 3. I want to ________ (experience) different cultures in Thailand. 4. My uncle is an ________ (experience) doctor. 【参考答案】1. experience 2. experiences 3. experience 4. experienced 4. Wow, that will be fun, although I believe it's quite hot there.哇，那一定会很好玩，虽然我相信那里会相当热。 although conj. 虽然；尽管（引导让步状语从句，表示 “虽然…… 但是……” 的意思，但主句不能再加 but） 单词 词性 释义 although conj. 虽然；尽管（较正式，引出让步从句） though conj. / adv. 虽然（更口语，可放句末） but conj. 但是（并列连词，不能与 although 同句） however adv. 然而（副词，另起一句） despite / in spite of prep. 尽管（后接名词或 doing，不接句子） 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. although + 句子，从句可放句首或句中：Although it was raining, we went out. 虽然下着雨，我们还是出去了。 2. 主句前不能加 but：×Although he is old, but he works hard. → √Although he is old, he works hard. 3. 主句可以用 yet /still 呼应：Although he is old, yet he works hard. 虽然他年纪大了，但他工作很努力。 4. although 从句可省略 “主语＋be”：Although (he was) tired, he kept working. 虽然累了，他仍继续工作。 5. although 与 despite /in spite of 的转换：Although it rained, we went out. = Despite/In spite of the rain, we went out. 6. 注意：although 不能放句末，though 可以：It's hot in Thailand. I like it, though. 泰国很热，不过我喜欢。 中考例句 1. Wow, that will be fun, although I believe it's quite hot there. 哇，那一定会很好玩，虽然我相信那里会相当热。 2. Although it was raining, we went to school on time. 虽然当时在下雨，我们还是按时到了学校。 3. Although he is young, he knows a lot. 虽然他年纪小，但他懂得很多。 4. Although she was very tired, she still finished the work. 虽然她很累，她还是完成了工作。 5. Although I don't like the food, I eat it every day. 虽然我不喜欢这种食物，我每天都吃。 6. Although the boy is only ten, he can cook well. 虽然这男孩只有十岁，他却能做一手好菜。 【即学即练】选词填空、完成句子或改错 1. ________ (Although / But) it was late, he kept working. 2. Although he is old, he ________ works hard.（填 still 或 yet） 3. 改错：Although it was cold, but we went swimming. _______________________________________________ 4. ________ the heavy rain, they arrived on time.（填介词短语） 5. 汉译英：虽然他很累，但他没有停下来休息。 _________________________________________________ 【参考答案】1. Although 2. still（或 yet）3. 去掉 but（Although it was cold, we went swimming.）4. Despite / In spite of 5. Although he was very tired, he didn't stop to rest. 5. That must cool people down.那一定能让人凉快下来。 cool down 凉快下来；（使）冷静下来；（运动后）放松 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. cool down 变凉；凉快下来（不及物）：The room cooled down quickly. 房间很快凉快下来。 2. cool sb/sth down 使某人／某物凉下来（及物）：The rain cooled the air down. 这场雨让空气凉了下来。 3. cool down 冷静下来；（运动后）放松：Cool down before you leave the playground. 离开操场前先放松一下。 4. keep cool 保持冷静：Keep cool when you are in danger. 遇到危险时要保持冷静。 5. 反义短语：warm up 暖和起来；热身 6. cool down 与 cool off 基本同义，而 calm down 侧重 “情绪平静下来”。 中考例句 1. That must cool people down. 那一定能让人凉快下来。 2. Let the soup cool down before you drink it. 等汤凉一点再喝。 3. After the match, the players cooled down slowly. 比赛后，队员们慢慢放松下来。 4. The weather cools down in autumn. 秋天天气会凉快下来。 5. City people often go to the countryside to cool down in summer. 城里人夏天常到乡下去避暑。 6. Take a deep breath and cool down. 深呼吸，冷静一下。 词义辨析：cool down /cool off /calm down 短语 含义 cool down 温度降低；（情绪）冷静；（运动后）放松 cool off 变凉；消气 calm down 平静下来 【即学即练】用 cool 的适当形式填空或完成句子 1. That must ________ people ________. 2. The soup is too hot. Let it ________ ________ before you drink it. 3. After running, you should ________ (cool) down slowly. 4. 改错：Keep cooling down when you are in danger. __________________________________________ 5. 汉译英：请冷静下来，听我说。 _________________________________________ 【参考答案】1. cool; down 2. cool; down 3. cool 4. cooling → cool（Keep cool when you are in danger.）5. Please cool down and listen to me. 6. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar.我想知道这两个与水有关的节日是否相似。 wonder v. 想知道；感到疑惑、惊讶；n. 惊奇；奇迹 单词 词性 释义 wonder v. 想知道；感到疑惑、惊讶 wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹 wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 no wonder 短语 难怪；不足为奇 wander v. 漫游；闲逛 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. I wonder + if /whether + 从句 我想知道是否……：I wonder if he will come. 我想知道他是否会来。 2. wonder + 疑问词（what /where/why /how）+ 从句：I wonder where he has gone. 我想知道他去了哪里。 3. 注意：wonder 后接从句时，从句必须用陈述语序：×I wonder where is the post office. → √I wonder where the post office is. 4. wonder at /about sth 对…… 感到惊讶、好奇：I wonder at his courage. 我对他的勇气感到惊讶。 5. no wonder (that)... = It's no wonder that... 难怪……：No wonder he is so tired. 难怪他这么累。 6. the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇迹；one of the wonders of the world 世界奇迹之一 7. I wonder if you could... 委婉请求：I wonder if you could help me. 不知你能否帮我一下。 中考例句 1. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar. 我想知道这两个与水有关的节日是否相似。 2. I wonder where he has gone. 我想知道他去了哪里。 3. No wonder you are tired—you worked all day. 难怪你累了，你干了一整天。 4. The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. 长城是世界奇迹之一。 5. I wonder at his courage. 我对他的勇气感到惊讶。 6. I wonder if you could help me with my English. 不知你能否帮我学英语。 【即学即练】用 wonder 的适当形式填空 1. I ________ (wonder) if you could help me with my English. 2. She ________ (wonder) what to do next. 3. We had a ________ (wonder) time at the party yesterday. 4. No ________ (wonder) he knows the answer—he has read the book twice. 5. She sang ________ (wonder) at the school show. 【参考答案】1. wonder 2. wonders 3. wonderful 4. wonder 5. wonderfully 7. Well, according to their culture, the water washes away bad things.嗯，按照他们的文化，水会冲走不好的东西。 wash away 冲走；冲刷掉；洗掉 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. wash sth away 把某物冲走（主动）：The flood washed away the bridge. 洪水冲走了桥。 2. be washed away 被冲走（被动）：Many houses were washed away. 许多房子被冲走了。 3. wash off 洗掉（污迹、泥）：wash the mud off your shoes 把鞋上的泥洗掉 4. do the washing 洗衣服；wash one's hands 洗手 中考例句 1. According to their culture, the water washes away bad things. 按照他们的文化，水会冲走不好的东西。 2. The heavy rain washed away the small bridge. 大雨冲走了那座小桥。 3. The flood washed away many houses in the village. 洪水冲走了村里许多房子。 4. The sea washed away the sand on the beach. 海水冲走了海滩上的沙子。 5. Please wash off the mud before you come in. 进来之前请把泥洗掉。 6. It's your turn to wash up today. 今天轮到你洗碗。 词义辨析：wash away /wash off /wash up 短语 含义 例句 wash away 冲走；冲刷掉（多指雨水、洪水、水流） The bridge was washed away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走了。 wash off 洗掉（污迹、泥土等） He washed the dirt off his hands. 他洗掉了手上的污物。 wash up 洗餐具（英式）；洗手（美式） I'll wash up after dinner. 晚饭后我来洗碗。 【即学即练】所给词的适当形式填空或选词填空 1. The flood ________ (wash) away the old bridge last year. 2. Many trees ________ (wash) away by the flood. 用被动语态。 3. Wash ________ the mud on your shoes, please.（填副词） 4. According to their culture, the water ________ bad things.（用 wash away 的适当形式） 5. 汉译英：洪水冲走了村里许多房子。 _____________________________________ 【参考答案】1. washed 2. were washed 3. off 4. washes away 5. The flood washed away many houses in the village. 8.I hope I'll get some good luck in Thailand!我希望我在泰国能交上一些好运！ hope v. 希望；n. 希望；期望（表示对将来可能实现的事情抱有期望） 单词 词性 释义 hope v. / n. 希望；期望 hope to do sth 短语 希望做某事 hope for sth 短语 希望得到某物 hopeful adj. 有希望的；充满希望的 hopeless adj. 无望的；没希望的 hopefully adv. 有希望地；但愿 固定搭配（中考高频） 1. hope to do sth 希望做某事：I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快见到你。 2. hope + (that) 从句 希望……（从句常用一般将来时）：I hope (that) you will come. 我希望你会来。 3. hope for sth 希望得到某物：hope for good luck 希望有好运 4. I hope so. 我希望如此。／I hope not. 我希望不是。不能说 ×I don't hope so. 5. hope for the best 往好处想；lose hope 失去希望 中考例句 1. I hope I'll get some good luck in Thailand! 我希望我在泰国能交上好运！ 2. I hope to visit the Great Wall one day. 我希望有一天能参观长城。 3. We hope (that) you will come to our party. 我们希望你能来参加我们的聚会。 4. I hope for a better future. 我希望有更好的未来。 5. — Will it be fine tomorrow? — I hope so. 明天天气会好吗？—— 我希望如此。 6. Don't lose hope. Everything will be better. 不要失去希望，一切都会好起来的。 词 释义 用法要点 例句 hope 希望 hope to do sth；hope + that 从句（陈述语气，事情有可能实现） I hope to pass the exam. 我希望通过考试。 wish 希望；但愿 wish sb to do sth；wish + 从句用虚拟语气（与事实相反） I wish I could fly. 但愿我能飞。 【即学即练】用 hope 的适当形式填空 1. I ________ (hope) to hear from you soon. 2. She ________ (hope) that she can pass the exam. 3. They ________ (hope) for a sunny day, but it rained. 4. We are ________ (hope) for your good news. 5. ________ (hope), everything will be all right. 【参考答案】1. hope 2. hopes 3. hoped 4. hoping 5. Hopefully 一、核心单词 & 词性转换（课本 2a‑3d） 单词 词性 释义 变形拓展 & 易错提醒 poet n. 诗人 poem n. 诗歌；an ancient poet 古代诗人；不要混淆 poet (诗人) /poem (诗) ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 in ancient times 在古代；无比较级，不接‑er/‑est tradition n. 传统 traditional adj. 传统的；traditional festival 传统节日 protect v. 保护 protect … from /away from… 保护…… 免受……；名词 protection calendar n. 日历；日程表 on one’s calendar 在某人的日程表上 similar adj. 相似的 be similar to 与…… 相似；介词 to，勿用 with lucky adj. 幸运的 luck n. 运气；luckily adv. 幸运地；have good luck 有好运气 throw v. 扔；投 过去式 threw；过去分词 thrown；throw …at… 朝…… 扔…… wash v. 洗；冲洗 wash away 冲走；洗掉（固定短语） princess n. 公主 复数 princesses；注意结尾‑ss，复数加‑es pale adj. 苍白的 pale face 苍白的脸 二、课本高频短语（2a‑3d 听力 & 阅读原文，听说写作必背） 1. dragon boat race 龙舟赛 2. in person 亲自；现场 3. in ancient times 在古代 4. keep … away from … 使…… 远离…… 5. in memory of 纪念…… 6. be thankful to sb 感激某人 7. on one’s calendar 在某人的日程表上 8. from … to … 从…… 到……（表日期：from the13th to15th of April） 9. be similar to 与…… 相似 10. go into the streets 走上街头 11. throw water at each other 互相泼水 12. wash away bad things 洗掉不好的事物 13. have good luck 拥有好运 14. go all out 全力以赴（4b 课本短语） 三、课本重点原句 1. Frank thinks the dragon boat race is so exciting. He is thankful to them for coming to see it in person. 弗兰克认为龙舟赛太激动人心。他很感激他们亲自到场观看。 ✅ be thankful to sb for doing sth因做某事感激某人；for 后接动名词 doing 2. In ancient times, after Qu Yuan died in the river, local people rowed boats and threw rice into the river to keep fish away from his body. 在古代，屈原投江之后，当地人划船往江中投米，不让鱼靠近他的身体。 ✅不定式 to keep…表目的；rowed /threw 不规则过去式；keep … away from 固定搭配 3. —What’s on your calendar next month? 下个月你的日程表上有什么？ ✅ What’s on one’s calendar 交际句型，on 不能换成 in 4. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar.我想知道这两个泼水节是否相似。 ✅ if 引导宾语从句，意为 “是否”；if=whether；从句用陈述语序（中考高频！不能用疑问语序） 5. According to their culture, the water washes away bad things. Then they’ll have good luck in the new year. 按照他们的文化，水会洗去不好的事物，然后他们在新的一年就会拥有好运。 ✅according to 根据（后接名词，不接句子）；wash away 冲走；have good luck 6. How exciting! 多么令人激动！ ✅感叹句 How + adj./adv.！ 区分 How‑修饰形容词副词；What‑修饰名词短语 $Unit 1 Let’s Celebrate! Unit 1 课时2 Section A 2a-3d 核心知识梳理 一、必背知识 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 词汇 1.___________ v.划（船）n.一排；一列 2.___________洗掉；冲走 短语 1._______________亲自；本人；当场 2._______________因为；由于 3._______________把…… 扔进…… 4._______________使…… 远离；不接近 5._______________对…… 感激 6._______________使某人想起…… 7._______________在古代 8._______________对…… 感兴趣 9._______________做笔记 10._______________凉快下来；（使）冷静 11._______________互相泼（扔）…… 12._______________根据；按照 13._______________在…… 方面有好运 句型 1.Yuan Meng and her friends are watching a boat race in person.袁梦和她的朋友们正在现场观看龙舟赛。 2.The dragon boat race in China is special because of its story.中国的龙舟赛因为它的故事而显得特别。 3.People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from the body of Qu Yuan.人们把米扔进河里，为的是让鱼远离屈原的遗体。 4.You are a foreign student who is interested in the Dragon Boat Festival.你是一名对端午节感兴趣的外国学生。 5.Make some notes on what you know about the Dragon Boat Festival.把你知道的端午节相关内容做成笔记。 6.I'm going to Thailand to experience their New Year celebrations.我打算去泰国体验他们的新年庆祝活动。 7.Wow, that will be fun, although I believe it's quite hot there.哇，那一定会很好玩，虽然我相信那里会相当热。 8.That must cool people down.那一定能让人凉快下来。 9.I wonder if the two water festivals are similar.我想知道这两个与水有关的节日是否相似。 10.The Dai people's New Year celebration is usually in mid-April as well.傣族人的新年庆祝活动通常也在四月中旬。 11.People go into the streets and throw water at each other.人们走上街头，互相泼水。 12.Well, according to their culture, the water washes away bad things.嗯，按照他们的文化，水会冲走不好的东西。 13.Then they'll have good luck in the new year.这样他们新的一年里就会有好运。 14.I hope I'll get some good luck in Thailand!我希望我在泰国能交上一些好运！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2、 必会考点 1. The dragon boat race in China is special because of its story.中国的龙舟赛因为它的故事而显得特别。 核心固定搭配 1. because + 完整句子：因为……（有主语、谓语） 2. because of + 名词 / 代词 /doing 动名词 ：因为……（后面只有名词性成分，无主谓） 📖中考例句 1. He stayed at home because he was ill.他待在家里，因为他生病了。 2. He stayed at home because of his illness.他待在家里，因为他的病。 3. The sports meeting was put off because of the bad rain.运动会因为大雨被推迟。 4. He felt sad because he missed the Spring-Festival celebration.他很伤心，因为他错过了春节庆祝活动。 ⚖词义辨析：because & because of because（连词）：后面必须接句子（要有主语 + 谓语动词），用来回答 why 的提问。 because of（介词短语）：后面只能接名词、代词、doing 动名词，绝对不能接主谓句子 【即学即练】用 because /because of 填空 1. He couldn’t go sightseeing ________ the heavy traffic. 2. He couldn’t go sightseeing ________ the traffic was heavy. 3. ________ the old tradition, people celebrate the Lantern Festival. 4. People throw water at each other ________ it is their New Year custom. 5. She was late ________ getting up late. 2. People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from the body of Qu Yuan.人们把米扔进河里，为的是让鱼远离屈原的遗体。 throw...into 把…… 扔进……（throw 是及物动词，throw-threw-thrown；into 是介词，后面接地点名词） 单词 词性 释义 throw v. 扔；投；抛（throw-threw-thrown） throw away 短语 扔掉；丢弃 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. throw sth into sp 把某物扔进某地：throw the paper into the basket 把纸扔进篮子 2. throw sth to sb 把某物扔给某人（to 表示方向，对方接住）：throw the ball to me 把球扔给我 3. throw sth at sb/sth 朝某人或某物扔某物（at 带有攻击、故意砸向的意思）：throw a stone at the window 朝窗户扔石头 4. throw...into the air 把…… 抛向空中：throw hats into the air 把帽子抛向空中 5. throw water at each other 互相泼水（泼水节） 6. throw away 扔掉；丢弃：Don't throw away old books. 不要扔掉旧书。 7. 注意：throw 是不规则动词，过去式是 threw，不是 throwed；被动语态用 be thrown into：Rubbish mustn't be thrown into the river. 垃圾不能扔进河里。 中考例句 1. People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from Qu Yuan's body. 人们把米扔进河里，为的是让鱼远离屈原的遗体。 2. Don't throw rubbish into the river. 不要把垃圾扔进河里。 3. He threw the ball to me and I caught it. 他把球扔给我，我接住了。 4. The boy threw a stone at the dog. 那个男孩朝狗扔了一块石头。 5. The children threw their hats into the air and cheered. 孩子们把帽子抛向空中欢呼起来。 6. People in Thailand throw water at each other during the festival. 泰国人在节日期间互相泼水。 介词 含义 例句 into 进入…… 内部，强调扔进去 Throw the paper into the basket. 把纸扔进篮子里。 at 朝……（带有攻击性） Don't throw stones at the animals. 不要朝动物扔石头。 to 向……（传递，对方接住） He threw the ball to me. 他把球扔给我。 away 扔掉；丢弃 She threw the old shoes away. 她把旧鞋扔掉了。 【即学即练】适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空 1. Please throw the waste paper ________ the basket. 2. He threw the ball ________ me, and I caught it. 3. Don't throw stones ________ the animals in the zoo. 4. People ________ (throw) rice into the river in ancient times. 3. I'm going to Thailand to experience their New Year celebrations.我打算去泰国体验他们的新年庆祝活动。 experience n. 经验（不可数）；经历（可数）；v. 体验；经历 单词 词性 释义 experience n. 经验（不可数）；经历（可数） experience v. 体验；经历 experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的 gain experience 短语 获得经验 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. experience sth 体验某事：experience their New Year celebrations 体验他们的新年庆祝活动 2. have experience in (doing) sth 在做某事方面有经验：have much experience in teaching 在教学方面很有经验 3. gain /get experience 获得经验：gain a lot of experience 获得很多经验 4. work experience 工作经验；learn from experience 从经验中学习 5. 表示 “经验” 时不可数，不加 a、不加 s：×a lot of experiences（当 “经验” 讲） 6. 表示 “经历” 时可数：a wonderful experience 一次奇妙的经历；two interesting experiences 两次有趣的经历 7. be experienced in /at 在…… 方面有经验：She is experienced in teaching. 她在教学方面有经验。 中考例句 1. I'm going to Thailand to experience their New Year celebrations. 我打算去泰国体验他们的新年庆祝活动。 2. She has much experience in teaching English. 她在教英语方面很有经验。 3. Traveling alone was a wonderful experience for me. 独自旅行对我来说是一次奇妙的经历。 4. He told us some interesting experiences in Africa. 他给我们讲了在非洲的几次有趣经历。 5. We can learn a lot from experience. 我们能从经验中学到很多。 6. My father is an experienced doctor. 我爸爸是一位有经验的医生。 词义辨析：experience（经验）& experience（经历） 用法 可数性 例句 经验；阅历 不可数 He has much experience in cooking. 他做饭很有经验。 一次经历；一件事 可数 It was an unforgettable experience. 那是一次难忘的经历。 动词：体验；经历 及物动词 Many foreigners come to experience Chinese culture. 许多外国人来体验中国文化。 【即学即练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1. She has much ________ (experience) in teaching English. 2. He told us two interesting ________ (experience) in the countryside. 3. I want to ________ (experience) different cultures in Thailand. 4. My uncle is an ________ (experience) doctor. 4. Wow, that will be fun, although I believe it's quite hot there.哇，那一定会很好玩，虽然我相信那里会相当热。 although conj. 虽然；尽管（引导让步状语从句，表示 “虽然…… 但是……” 的意思，但主句不能再加 but） 单词 词性 释义 although conj. 虽然；尽管（较正式，引出让步从句） though conj. / adv. 虽然（更口语，可放句末） but conj. 但是（并列连词，不能与 although 同句） however adv. 然而（副词，另起一句） despite / in spite of prep. 尽管（后接名词或 doing，不接句子） 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. although + 句子，从句可放句首或句中：Although it was raining, we went out. 虽然下着雨，我们还是出去了。 2. 主句前不能加 but：×Although he is old, but he works hard. → √Although he is old, he works hard. 3. 主句可以用 yet /still 呼应：Although he is old, yet he works hard. 虽然他年纪大了，但他工作很努力。 4. although 从句可省略 “主语＋be”：Although (he was) tired, he kept working. 虽然累了，他仍继续工作。 5. although 与 despite /in spite of 的转换：Although it rained, we went out. = Despite/In spite of the rain, we went out. 6. 注意：although 不能放句末，though 可以：It's hot in Thailand. I like it, though. 泰国很热，不过我喜欢。 中考例句 1. Wow, that will be fun, although I believe it's quite hot there. 哇，那一定会很好玩，虽然我相信那里会相当热。 2. Although it was raining, we went to school on time. 虽然当时在下雨，我们还是按时到了学校。 3. Although he is young, he knows a lot. 虽然他年纪小，但他懂得很多。 4. Although she was very tired, she still finished the work. 虽然她很累，她还是完成了工作。 5. Although I don't like the food, I eat it every day. 虽然我不喜欢这种食物，我每天都吃。 6. Although the boy is only ten, he can cook well. 虽然这男孩只有十岁，他却能做一手好菜。 【即学即练】选词填空、完成句子或改错 1. ________ (Although / But) it was late, he kept working. 2. Although he is old, he ________ works hard.（填 still 或 yet） 3. 改错：Although it was cold, but we went swimming. _______________________________________________ 4. ________ the heavy rain, they arrived on time.（填介词短语） 5. 汉译英：虽然他很累，但他没有停下来休息。 _________________________________________________ 5. That must cool people down.那一定能让人凉快下来。 cool down 凉快下来；（使）冷静下来；（运动后）放松 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. cool down 变凉；凉快下来（不及物）：The room cooled down quickly. 房间很快凉快下来。 2. cool sb/sth down 使某人／某物凉下来（及物）：The rain cooled the air down. 这场雨让空气凉了下来。 3. cool down 冷静下来；（运动后）放松：Cool down before you leave the playground. 离开操场前先放松一下。 4. keep cool 保持冷静：Keep cool when you are in danger. 遇到危险时要保持冷静。 5. 反义短语：warm up 暖和起来；热身 6. cool down 与 cool off 基本同义，而 calm down 侧重 “情绪平静下来”。 中考例句 1. That must cool people down. 那一定能让人凉快下来。 2. Let the soup cool down before you drink it. 等汤凉一点再喝。 3. After the match, the players cooled down slowly. 比赛后，队员们慢慢放松下来。 4. The weather cools down in autumn. 秋天天气会凉快下来。 5. City people often go to the countryside to cool down in summer. 城里人夏天常到乡下去避暑。 6. Take a deep breath and cool down. 深呼吸，冷静一下。 词义辨析：cool down /cool off /calm down 短语 含义 cool down 温度降低；（情绪）冷静；（运动后）放松 cool off 变凉；消气 calm down 平静下来 【即学即练】用 cool 的适当形式填空或完成句子 1. That must ________ people ________. 2. The soup is too hot. Let it ________ ________ before you drink it. 3. After running, you should ________ (cool) down slowly. 4. 改错：Keep cooling down when you are in danger. __________________________________________ 5. 汉译英：请冷静下来，听我说。 _________________________________________ 6. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar.我想知道这两个与水有关的节日是否相似。 wonder v. 想知道；感到疑惑、惊讶；n. 惊奇；奇迹 单词 词性 释义 wonder v. 想知道；感到疑惑、惊讶 wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹 wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 no wonder 短语 难怪；不足为奇 wander v. 漫游；闲逛 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. I wonder + if /whether + 从句 我想知道是否……：I wonder if he will come. 我想知道他是否会来。 2. wonder + 疑问词（what /where/why /how）+ 从句：I wonder where he has gone. 我想知道他去了哪里。 3. 注意：wonder 后接从句时，从句必须用陈述语序：×I wonder where is the post office. → √I wonder where the post office is. 4. wonder at /about sth 对…… 感到惊讶、好奇：I wonder at his courage. 我对他的勇气感到惊讶。 5. no wonder (that)... = It's no wonder that... 难怪……：No wonder he is so tired. 难怪他这么累。 6. the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇迹；one of the wonders of the world 世界奇迹之一 7. I wonder if you could... 委婉请求：I wonder if you could help me. 不知你能否帮我一下。 中考例句 1. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar. 我想知道这两个与水有关的节日是否相似。 2. I wonder where he has gone. 我想知道他去了哪里。 3. No wonder you are tired—you worked all day. 难怪你累了，你干了一整天。 4. The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. 长城是世界奇迹之一。 5. I wonder at his courage. 我对他的勇气感到惊讶。 6. I wonder if you could help me with my English. 不知你能否帮我学英语。 【即学即练】用 wonder 的适当形式填空 1. I ________ (wonder) if you could help me with my English. 2. She ________ (wonder) what to do next. 3. We had a ________ (wonder) time at the party yesterday. 4. No ________ (wonder) he knows the answer—he has read the book twice. 5. She sang ________ (wonder) at the school show. 7. Well, according to their culture, the water washes away bad things.嗯，按照他们的文化，水会冲走不好的东西。 wash away 冲走；冲刷掉；洗掉 核心固定搭配（中考高频） 1. wash sth away 把某物冲走（主动）：The flood washed away the bridge. 洪水冲走了桥。 2. be washed away 被冲走（被动）：Many houses were washed away. 许多房子被冲走了。 3. wash off 洗掉（污迹、泥）：wash the mud off your shoes 把鞋上的泥洗掉 4. do the washing 洗衣服；wash one's hands 洗手 中考例句 1. According to their culture, the water washes away bad things. 按照他们的文化，水会冲走不好的东西。 2. The heavy rain washed away the small bridge. 大雨冲走了那座小桥。 3. The flood washed away many houses in the village. 洪水冲走了村里许多房子。 4. The sea washed away the sand on the beach. 海水冲走了海滩上的沙子。 5. Please wash off the mud before you come in. 进来之前请把泥洗掉。 6. It's your turn to wash up today. 今天轮到你洗碗。 词义辨析：wash away /wash off /wash up 短语 含义 例句 wash away 冲走；冲刷掉（多指雨水、洪水、水流） The bridge was washed away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走了。 wash off 洗掉（污迹、泥土等） He washed the dirt off his hands. 他洗掉了手上的污物。 wash up 洗餐具（英式）；洗手（美式） I'll wash up after dinner. 晚饭后我来洗碗。 【即学即练】所给词的适当形式填空或选词填空 1. The flood ________ (wash) away the old bridge last year. 2. Many trees ________ (wash) away by the flood. 用被动语态。 3. Wash ________ the mud on your shoes, please.（填副词） 4. According to their culture, the water ________ bad things.（用 wash away 的适当形式） 5. 汉译英：洪水冲走了村里许多房子。 _____________________________________ 8.I hope I'll get some good luck in Thailand!我希望我在泰国能交上一些好运！ hope v. 希望；n. 希望；期望（表示对将来可能实现的事情抱有期望） 单词 词性 释义 hope v. / n. 希望；期望 hope to do sth 短语 希望做某事 hope for sth 短语 希望得到某物 hopeful adj. 有希望的；充满希望的 hopeless adj. 无望的；没希望的 hopefully adv. 有希望地；但愿 固定搭配（中考高频） 1. hope to do sth 希望做某事：I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快见到你。 2. hope + (that) 从句 希望……（从句常用一般将来时）：I hope (that) you will come. 我希望你会来。 3. hope for sth 希望得到某物：hope for good luck 希望有好运 4. I hope so. 我希望如此。／I hope not. 我希望不是。不能说 ×I don't hope so. 5. hope for the best 往好处想；lose hope 失去希望 中考例句 1. I hope I'll get some good luck in Thailand! 我希望我在泰国能交上好运！ 2. I hope to visit the Great Wall one day. 我希望有一天能参观长城。 3. We hope (that) you will come to our party. 我们希望你能来参加我们的聚会。 4. I hope for a better future. 我希望有更好的未来。 5. — Will it be fine tomorrow? — I hope so. 明天天气会好吗？—— 我希望如此。 6. Don't lose hope. Everything will be better. 不要失去希望，一切都会好起来的。 词 释义 用法要点 例句 hope 希望 hope to do sth；hope + that 从句（陈述语气，事情有可能实现） I hope to pass the exam. 我希望通过考试。 wish 希望；但愿 wish sb to do sth；wish + 从句用虚拟语气（与事实相反） I wish I could fly. 但愿我能飞。 【即学即练】用 hope 的适当形式填空 1. I ________ (hope) to hear from you soon. 2. She ________ (hope) that she can pass the exam. 3. They ________ (hope) for a sunny day, but it rained. 4. We are ________ (hope) for your good news. 5. ________ (hope), everything will be all right. 一、核心单词 & 词性转换（课本 2a‑3d） 单词 词性 释义 变形拓展 & 易错提醒 poet n. 诗人 poem n. 诗歌；an ancient poet 古代诗人；不要混淆 poet (诗人) /poem (诗) ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 in ancient times 在古代；无比较级，不接‑er/‑est tradition n. 传统 traditional adj. 传统的；traditional festival 传统节日 protect v. 保护 protect … from /away from… 保护…… 免受……；名词 protection calendar n. 日历；日程表 on one’s calendar 在某人的日程表上 similar adj. 相似的 be similar to 与…… 相似；介词 to，勿用 with lucky adj. 幸运的 luck n. 运气；luckily adv. 幸运地；have good luck 有好运气 throw v. 扔；投 过去式 threw；过去分词 thrown；throw …at… 朝…… 扔…… wash v. 洗；冲洗 wash away 冲走；洗掉（固定短语） princess n. 公主 复数 princesses；注意结尾‑ss，复数加‑es pale adj. 苍白的 pale face 苍白的脸 二、课本高频短语（2a‑3d 听力 & 阅读原文，听说写作必背） 1. dragon boat race 龙舟赛 2. in person 亲自；现场 3. in ancient times 在古代 4. keep … away from … 使…… 远离…… 5. in memory of 纪念…… 6. be thankful to sb 感激某人 7. on one’s calendar 在某人的日程表上 8. from … to … 从…… 到……（表日期：from the13th to15th of April） 9. be similar to 与…… 相似 10. go into the streets 走上街头 11. throw water at each other 互相泼水 12. wash away bad things 洗掉不好的事物 13. have good luck 拥有好运 14. go all out 全力以赴（4b 课本短语） 三、课本重点原句 1. Frank thinks the dragon boat race is so exciting. He is thankful to them for coming to see it in person. 弗兰克认为龙舟赛太激动人心。他很感激他们亲自到场观看。 ✅ be thankful to sb for doing sth因做某事感激某人；for 后接动名词 doing 2. In ancient times, after Qu Yuan died in the river, local people rowed boats and threw rice into the river to keep fish away from his body. 在古代，屈原投江之后，当地人划船往江中投米，不让鱼靠近他的身体。 ✅不定式 to keep…表目的；rowed /threw 不规则过去式；keep … away from 固定搭配 3. —What’s on your calendar next month? 下个月你的日程表上有什么？ ✅ What’s on one’s calendar 交际句型，on 不能换成 in 4. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar.我想知道这两个泼水节是否相似。 ✅ if 引导宾语从句，意为 “是否”；if=whether；从句用陈述语序（中考高频！不能用疑问语序） 5. According to their culture, the water washes away bad things. Then they’ll have good luck in the new year. 按照他们的文化，水会洗去不好的事物，然后他们在新的一年就会拥有好运。 ✅according to 根据（后接名词，不接句子）；wash away 冲走；have good luck 6. How exciting! 多么令人激动！ ✅感叹句 How + adj./adv.！ 区分 How‑修饰形容词副词；What‑修饰名词短语 $