第5周 文学经典-【专项训练】2026-2027学年小初通用英语42部动画电影学透小初语法
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教辅
内容正文:
★★★★★
拓展篇
文学经典
29
Monkey King:Hero Is Back
《西游记之大圣归来》
圆文章词数:191
语法考点:由and连接主语时的主谓一致由either..,or连接主语时的主谓一致
以复数形式-S结尾的名词作主语时的主谓一致
集体名词作主语时的主谓一致
After he caused great trouble in
语法考点
考点1:由and连接主语
Heaven,Sun Wukong was trapped under
时的主谓一致
被困在…下
由and连接两个及以上独
the Five Elements Mountain for 500
立的并列主语时,谓语动词
通常用复数形式;若并列主
years.At that time,mountain monsters
语指代同一人、事物或表达
and evil spirits were everywhere
整体概念,谓语动词用单数
形式。
across the world.The Demon King
At that time,mountain
妖王
monsters and evil spirits were
Hundun planned to catch boys and girls
everywhere across the world.
计划去抓
当时世间山妖邪祟横行。
to make evil medicine.The little monk
句中and连接mountain
和尚
monsters与evil spirits两类
Jiang Liuer saved a little girl Sha Ya
独立主体,表复数并列概
念,因此be动词使用复数
while running for his life.Chased by
形式were
逃难
被…追赶
多
译文:相信自己。
67
42部动画电影
monsters all the way,he rushed into a
考点2:由either...or连
接主语时的主谓一致
一路上
冲进;闯入
mountain cave and accidentally broke
由either...or、neither...nor
等并列连词连接主语时,谓
语动词的单复数遵循“就近
Sun Wukong's seal.
一致”原则,与最靠近谓语
的主语保持人称和数的一致。
But a sealing spell still stayed on
..so either his full divine
镇压的法印
power or most of his magic was
Sun Wukong's wrist,so either his full
out of his reach.
…所以他要么无法使出全
部神力,要么大部分法术都
divine power or most of his magic was
无法施展。
法力
法术
本句遵循主谓一致的“就
out of his reach.He wanted to leave
近一致”原则,谓语动
无法触及
词与最靠近的most of his
magic保持数的一致,故be
alone at first,but he could not get rid
动词用单数形式was。
摆脱
of the kind and brave Jiang Liuer.
考点3:以复数形式-s结尾
的名词作主语时的主谓一致
Trouble soon followed.
以复数形式s结尾的名词作
主语,且表学科、疾病、游戏
等单一专有概念时,谓语动词
Later,every possible means was
用单数;表具体物品或复数
含义时,谓语动词用复数。
adopted by Hundun to capture all the
Later,every possible means
采用
捕获
was adopted by Hundun to capture
children.When Jiang Liuer broke into
all the children
闯入
后来,混沌用尽一切办法抓
捕所有孩子。
the demon's cave alone to rescue
营救
句中means是以-s结尾
的单复数同形名词,受
them,he was hit by a huge rock.
every限定表单数个体概
念,因此be动词用单数形
Filled with deep sadness,Sun
式was。
充满…
悲伤
68
原文:Prevention is better than cure.
文学经典
Wukong broke through the spell's limit.
突破
考点4:集体名词作主语
He regained all his power and defeated
时的主谓一致
恢复
集体名词作主语时,若强调
Hundun.In the end,the group of the
整体的统一概念,谓语动词
击败
最终
用单数形式;若强调集体中
trapped children was saved safely.
的各个成员,侧重个体行为,
受困的
译文参考
谓语动词用复数形式。
大闹天宫之后,孙悟空被压在五行山下,一关就
In the end,the group of the
是五百年。当时世间山妖邪祟横行,妖王混沌计划抓
trapped children was saved
捕童男童女炼制邪药。小和尚江流儿逃难时救下了小
safely
女孩傻丫,他被山妖一路追进五行山的山洞,阴差阳
最终,这群受困的孩子得
错解开了孙悟空的封印。
可孙悟空手腕上还留着镇压的法印,所以他要么
救了。
无法使出全部神力,要么大部分法术都无法施展。他
句中he
grou即属于集体名
本想独自赶路离开,却甩不掉善良且勇敢的江流儿。
词,此处强调整体统一概念
不久之后,危机接踵而至。
后来,混沌用尽一切办法抓捕所有孩子。江流儿
而非内部成员,因此be动
独自闯入妖洞营救孩子们时,被一块巨石砸中。
词用单数形式was。
满心悲痛的孙悟空冲破了法印的禁锢。他恢复了
他的全部力量,并击败了混沌。最终,这群受困的孩
子得救了。
回语法加油站
主谓一致的其他分类
(each)one of..结构作主语时的主谓一致
one
each
+of+复数名词◆谓语动词用单数形式
every one
分数/百分数+of..结构作主语时的主谓一致
分数/百分数+of+复数名词/复数代词→谓语动词用复数形式
+单数名词/单数代词
分数/百分数+of
+不可数名词
→谓语动词用单数形式
译文:预防胜于治疗。
69
Legend of Deification
《姜子牙》
®文章词数:199.
语法考点:倒装句
省略句
虚拟语气
强调句
语法考点
After the Fengshen War,Jiang Ziya
封神大战
考点1:倒装句
would kill the Nine-Tailed Fox in public
倒装句是将谓语动词或助
九尾狐
当众
动词提至主语之前的特殊
and become the leader of all gods.Only
句式,分为全部倒装与部分
倒装两类,常用于强调语义
when he spotted an innocent girl's soul
或平衡长句结构。
发现
灵魂
Only when he spotted an
inside the demon did he hesitate,
innocent girl's soul inside the
妖魔
犹豫
demon did he hesitate...
letting some of the fox's spirit
直到他看见妖魔体内藏着一个
无辜少女的魂魄,他才迟疑片
刻…
escape.The Master then sent him to
本句是“only+时间状语
逃走
天尊
从句”置于句首的部分倒
the human world and took away his
装,添加助动词did置于主
语he之前,原主句谓语动
godly power.
词的过去式hesitated还原为
神的
动词原形,着重强调了令他
Ten years later,Jiang Ziya meets
产生犹豫的条件。
a fox-eared girl named Xiao Jiu in the
长着狐耳的少女
70
原文:Respect yourself,or no one else will respect you.
文学经典
North Sea.Though still a young girl,
考点2:省略句
北海
Xiao Jiu firmly believes her father is at
省略句是在不影响语义理解
坚定地
的前提下,省去句子中重复
冗余的成分,常见于状语从
the Ruins of Return and insists on going
句、并列句与对话应答,能
归墟之地
坚持要去
让语言表达更简洁凝练。
there.Jiang Ziya travels with her to
Though still a young girl,
Xiao Jiu...
尽管只是一个小姑娘,小
protect her.
九…
本句为though引导的让步
He slowly learns that Xiao Jiu is Su
状语从句的省略结构。当
从句主语与主句主语一致,
Daji,the human soul from that day.If
且从句含有be动词时,可
省略从句的主语she和be
动词was,还原完整句子
the Master had not locked her and the
为“Though she was still a
锁住
young girl'”。
Nine-Tailed Fox together with a Fate
命锁
考点3:虚拟语气
Lock,she would have lived a peaceful
虚拟语气用于表达与客观
过着平静的生活
事实相反的假设、主观愿
life.
望或建议要求,不描述真
实发生的情况,需通过谓
The Ruins of Return is not a rebirth
语动词的特殊形式体现非
复活
真实性。
place but a trap to kill all of the fox
If the Master had not locked
陷阱
her and the Nine-Tailed Fox
together with a Fate Lock,she
race.In the end,the Nine-Tailed Fox
would have lived a peaceful
族群
life
breaks the Ruins of Return.It is by
若当年天尊未曾用命锁将她
与九尾狐捆缚一处,她本该
following his inner heart that Jiang Ziya
过着平静的生活。
译文:人必先自重,而后人重之。
42部动画电影
cuts the Heavenly Stairs linking heaven
本句是与过去事实相反
的虚拟语气,从句用had
done、主句用would have
and earth,breaks the Master's control
done的结构,表达与过去
真实情况相反的情况。
and brings real peace to the world.
考点4:强调句
强调句的基本结构为:ts/
译文参考
was+被强调部分+that/
who+其余部分.可强调主
封神大战结束后,姜子牙本要当众斩杀九尾狐,
语、宾语、状语等多种成分,
受封众神之长。直到他看见妖魔体内藏着一个无辜少
不改变原句语义,仅突出被
女的魂魄,他才迟疑片刻,放走了一部分狐妖元神。
强调部分。被强调对象为人
随后天尊把他贬到人间,并剥夺了他的神力。
时可用who,其余情况多用
that。
十年后,姜子牙在北海遇见长着狐耳的少女小九。
It is by following his inner
尽管只是一个小姑娘,小九仍坚信归墟之地有自己的
heart that Jiang Ziya cuts the
父亲,执意前往,姜子牙便随行保护她。
Heavenly Stairs linking heaven
他渐渐发现小九就是当年的人类元神苏妲己,若
and earth...
姜子牙则遵从本心,斩断了
当年天尊未曾用命锁将她与九尾狐捆缚一处,她本该
连接天地的天梯…
过着平静的生活。
本句是“t is ..that”结构
归墟根本不是转生之地,是天尊消灭狐族的陷阱。
的标准强调句,被强调部分
最终九尾狐打破了归墟。姜子牙则遵从本心,斩断了
是方式状语by following his
连接天地的天梯,打破了天尊的掌控,让世间迎来了
inner heart。
真正的和平。
冠语法加油站
强调句的三种表达方式
句型类型
基本结构
基础强调句型
Itis/was+被强调成分+that/who+其余部分
not until强调句型
Itis/was not until+时间状语+that+其余部分】
特殊疑问词强调句型
疑问词+is/was it that+其余部分?
72
原文:Promise is debt..
角爱
Gulliver's Travels
《格列佛游记》
☒文章词数:219
语法考点:直接引语
间接引语
Gulliver was a sailor.When he was
语法考点
水手
考点1:直接引语
on a sea voyage,he met a strong storm.
直接引语指一词不差地引用
在海上航行
His ship was damaged,and he floated
他人原话,保留说话人的语
损坏
漂流
气和措辞。内容置于双引号
on the wild sea for many days until he
内,人称、时态保持原句形式,
fainted.Finally,he was washed onto
常搭配引述动词,用于还原
晕倒
被冲到…上
真实对话场景。
the shore of Lilliput,a small kingdom
When he woke up,he found
海岸
王国
of tiny people.When he woke up,he
his hands and feet tied with thin
ropes by the Lilliputians,who
found his hands and feet tied with thin
shouted,“Stay stil,giant!”
用细线捆住
And he had become their
ropes by the Lilliputians,who shouted,
prisoner.
当他醒来时,发现手脚被利
“Stay still,.giant!”And he had
立浦特人用细细的绳索捆住
不许乱动;保持不动
become their prisoner.
了。他们大喊:“巨人,不
囚犯
许乱动!”格列佛就这样成
After they got along for some time,
为他们的囚犯。
相处
多
译文:一诺千金。
42部动画电影
the people of Lilliput found that this
从句意上看:被引用的内容
是小人国居民的喊话,保留
“giant'”was gentle and friendly.They
了祈使句的命令语气与口
温和的
语化措辞,还原了当时的警
gradually became friends with him.At
示场景。
逐步地
和他成为朋友
从结构上看:引语内容由双
that time,the king of Lilliput planned
引号标注,前面用逗号与
谓语动词shouted衔接,由
wo引导的定语从句引出说{
to marry the princess to a prince from
话的主体。
把公主嫁给王子
another country.But the princess
But the princess already had
her true love and said firmly,"I
already had her true love and said
will not marry that prince,"
which made the relationship
firmly,"I will not marry that prince,"
between the two countries fall
坚定地
into a difficult situation.
可公主早有心上人,她坚定
which made the relationship between
地说:“我绝不会嫁给那位王
子。”,两国关系因此陷入
the two countries fall into a difficult
僵局。
陷入困境
situation.
从句意上看:被引用的内容
是公主的原话,保留了一般
Gulliver offered to help and came
将来时的表态与坚决的语
主动提出帮忙
气,直白地体现她拒婚的坚
定立场。
up with good ideas.With his role as
从结构上看:引语置于双引
想出;提出
号之内,前面用逗号与said
a giant,he talked with both kings and
firmly衔接,后续接which
引导的定语从句说明事件
told them that peaceful talks were
后果。
better than fighting,persuading them
考点2:间接引语
间接引语用自身话语转述他
to set aside their conflicts.In the end,
人内容,无需使用引号,需
搁置
矛盾
最后
he successfully brought the princess
14
原文:A ship in harbor is safe,but that is not what ships are built for..
文学经典
and her lover together,solved the
根据语境调整人称、时态与
diplomatic trouble between the two
指示词,常构成宾语从句,
外交的
表述更连贯。
countries,and brought his wonderful
With his role as a giant,he
talked with both kings and told
adventure in this foreign land to a
them that peaceful talks were
冒险
异域的
better than fighting,persuading
close.
them to set aside their conflicts.
译文参考
他以巨人的身份分别拜见两
位国王,向二人劝说和平协
格列佛是一名水手。在一次海上航行时,他遭遇
商远比冲突争斗更好,成功
了猛烈的暴风雨。他的船受损了,他在茫茫大海上漂流
说服两国君主搁置矛盾。
多日,直至昏厥过去。最后,他被海浪冲到利立浦特的
海岸上,这是一个矮小的人居住的小王国。当他醒来时,
从句意上看:转述了他对
发现手脚被利立浦特人用细细的绳索捆住了。他们大喊
两位国王的劝说内容,将
“巨人,不许乱动!”格列佛就这样成为他们的囚犯。
直接建议转化为陈述性表
相处一段时间后,小人国国民发现这个“巨人”
述,贴合第三人称转述的
性情友善,渐渐和他成了朋友。此时,小人国国王打
叙事语境。
算将公主嫁给别国王子,可公主早有心上人,她坚定
从结构上看:无需使用双
地说:“我绝不会嫁给那位王子。”两国关系因此陷入
引号,以that引导宾语
僵局。
从句承载转述内容,跟在
格列佛主动提出帮忙,还想出妥当的解决办法。他
told them之后,构成标准
以巨人的身份分别拜见两位国王,向二人劝说和平协商
的间接引语结构。
远比冲突争斗更好,成功说服两国君主搁置矛盾。最后,
他成功促成公主与心上人相伴相守,化解了两国之间的
外交危机,也为自己这段奇妙的异域冒险画上了句号。
同语法加迪站
直接引语与间接引语时态转化规侧则
谓语时态变化(主句为过去时)
情态助动词变化(主句为过去时)】
直接引语
间接引语
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
shall
should
一般过去时
过去完成时
will
would
一般将来时
过去将来时
may
might
译文:停泊在港口的船是安全的,但这不是造船的目的。
75
321
The Little Prince
《小王子》
园文章词数:224
语法考点:过去进行时
过去将来时
语法考点
A little girl moved to a new home
考点1:过去进行时
移居到
with her mother.One day,she was
过去进行时用于描述过去某
一特定时间点或时间段内正
tidying her room when a paper plane
在持续发生的动作,结构为
整理
“was/were+现在分词”,
made by her neighbour,an old retired
常与at that moment等表
由…制作
退休的
示过去的时间状语搭配使用。
pilot,flew into her house.They
One day,she was tidying her
飞行员
room when a paper plane made
gradually became good friends.The old
by her neighbour,an old retired
pilot,flew into her house.
man told the little girl the story of how
一天,她正在整理房间,由
她的邻居—一
位退休的老
he met the Little Prince in the Sahara
飞行员—制作的纸飞机飞
撒哈拉
进了她家。
Desert when he was a young pilot.
句中was tidying的时态是
沙漠
过去进行时,对应纸飞机飞
The Little Prince lived on Asteroid
入的过去的瞬间,体现事发
居住在
小行星
时整理房间的动作正持续
B-612,with a lovely rose as his only
进行;when后面接一般过
friend.After a small fight with the rose,
去时。
76
原文:Contentment is happiness,
文学经典
he left his planet.As he was travelling
As he was travelling across
行星
the universe,he met many other
across the universe,he met many
strange grown-ups along the
way,such as a king,a proud
other strange grown-ups along the way,
man and a drunk man.
成年人
一路上
当他穿梭在宇宙间时,一路
such as a king,a proud man and a drunk
上碰到了国王、高傲的人、
比如
酒鬼等奇怪的成年人。
man.Finally he reached Earth,where
句中was travelling的时态}
he made friends with a fox and learned
为过去进行时;as引导时
间状语从句,表示穿越宇宙
和…交朋友
的持续过程中,发生了遇见
the true meaning of taming,love and
各色成年人的瞬时动作。
…的真正意义
responsibility.
考点2:过去将来时
Later,the old pilot got sick and
过去将来时表示以过去某一
患病
时间为参照点,预判后续将
stayed in hospital.The little girl
要发生的动作或存在的状态,
住院
常用“would+动词原形”
decided she would fly his small plane to
或“was/were going to+
search for the Little Prince.She found
动词原形”结构,多用于宾
寻找
语从句中。
he had grown up into“Mr.Prince”
The little girl decided she would
成长为
and had forgotten all his old memories.
fly his small plane to search for the
Little Prince.
The girl took him back to Asteroid
小女孩决定驾着他的小飞机去
带他回到B-612小行星
找小王子。
B-612,for she was sure that the
句中would fly的时态是过
familiar rose would bring back all his
去将来时,以主句decided
的过去时刻为参照,表述女
熟悉的
使恢复(记忆)
孩在当时定下的、后续将要
lost memories.When he saw the rose,
执行的寻找小王子计划。
译文:知足常乐。
42部动画电影
all his memories came back,and he
The girl took him back to
恢复
Asteroid B-612,for she was sure
turned back into the gentle,childlike
that the familiar rose would bring
变回
孩子般的
back all his lost memories
prince again.
这个女孩带他回到了B612小行
星,因为她确信这朵熟悉的玫
译文参考
瑰花会唤回所有他失去的记忆。
一
个小女孩跟着妈妈搬到新家。一天,她正在整
句中would bring back的时
理房间,由她的邻居
位退休的老飞行员—制作
态为过去将来时,以小女孩
的纸飞机飞进了她家。他们慢慢成了好朋友。这位老人
过去的确信时刻为基点,预
给小女孩讲起当年他还是一个年轻飞行员时在撒哈拉沙
判那朵熟悉的玫瑰会在之
漠遇到小王子的故事。
后唤醒他丢失的全部记忆。
小王子住在B-612小行星,一朵可爱的玫瑰花是
古士古太古古
他唯一的朋友,因为闹了别扭,他离开行星。当他穿
梭在宇宙间时,一路上碰到了国王、高傲的人、酒鬼
口诀助记
等奇怪的成年人。最后来到地球,与狐狸成了朋友,
过进行,正持续,
并懂得了驯养的意义、爱与责任。
was/were加doing.
后来,这位老飞行员生病住了院,小女孩决定驾
表进程,有依据,
着他的小飞机去找小王子。她发现他已经长大成了“王
过去时点作标记。
子先生”,忘记了从前的事。
过将来,过为基,
这个女孩带他回到了B-612小行星,因为她确信
would/,be going to表将至。
多现宾从语境里,
这朵熟悉的玫瑰花会唤回所有他失去的记忆。当看到
立足过去言预期。
玫瑰花时,他找回了记忆,又变回了那个带着孩童般
纯真的小王子。
同语法加油站
过去进行时与过去将来时语法点梳理
时态
基本结构
核心用法
时间标志词
过去进
was/were
过去时段动作
then、at that moment、at that time、
行时
现在分词
正在进行
when、while、during that time
①woud+动词原形
过去将
②was/were going
立足过去预判the next day、the following day、soon、
来时
后续动作
shortly、the day after
to+动词原形
78
原文:Walls have ears.
Robinson Crusoe
《鲁滨逊漂流记》
☒文章词数:212
语法考点:
现在完成时的定义现在完成时的形式
现在完成时的肯定句现在完成时的否定句
现在完成时的一般疑问句
The parrot,Mike,Grandpa Goat,
语法考点
考点1:现在完成时的定义
and a hedgehog live on a deserted
刺猬
空寂无人的
现在完成时描述的是过去发
island.They have never seen the outside
生但与现在情况有关的动作
或状态,或是描述从过去某
world,and only Mike is full of curiosity
时到现在为止这一段时间中
充满
好奇心
发生的情况。换言之,现在
about the unknown.Recently,a big
完成时表示的是从过去到现
在的事情。
storm has brought a damaged merchant
商人
Recently,a big storm has
ship onto the island.The animals meet
brought a damaged merchant
ship onto the island
the only human survivor:an English
不久前,一场暴风雨将一艘
幸存者
受损的商船吹到了岛上。
man,Robinson.Mike believes in
该句描述的是过去发生的
暴风雨对现在造成的影响,
Robinson and gladly accepts his new
故用现在完成时。
name,Tuesday.At first,Robinson and
考点2:现在完成时的形式
the animals didn't get along well.But
现在完成时由“have/has+
过去分词”构成。has用于
译文:隔墙有耳。
79
42部动画电影
第三人称单数,have用于第
with Tuesday's help,they have cleared
澄清
一、二人称及第三人称复数。
up the misunderstandings and built a
But with Tuesday's help,
strong friendship.
they have cleared up the
misunderstandings and built a
However,there are also a group
strong friendship
但在星期二的帮助下,他们
of bad cats who drift to the island with
已经消除误会,并建立了深
漂流
厚的友谊。
Robinson.They have done bad things
cleared是clear的过去分词,
on the ship,so Robinson and his dog
built是build的过去分词,
此句主语是hey,所以用
lock them up.That makes the cats hate
have,
构成现在完成时。
考点3:现在完成时的肯定句
Robinson.After arriving on the island,
句型结构:
the bad cats try to turn Robinson
①主语(I/We/You/第
三人称复数)+have+过
and the animals against each other.
去分词+.
离间鲁滨逊和动物们的关系
②主语(第三人称单数)+
But in the end,have the bad cats got
has+过去分词+.
They have done bad things on
good results?They end up on another
the ship,so Robinson and his dog
small island.However,the bad cats
lock them up.
它们因为在船上干坏事被鲁滨
accidentally find a way to return to the
逊和他的狗关了起来。
意外地
they为第三人称复数,故和
deserted island.So a battle breaks out
have连用,done为do的过
爆发
去分词。
on the island.At last,Robinson and
考点4:现在完成时的否定句
his friends win.Later,Robinson meets
句型结构:
①主语+have/has+not+
pirates.Robinson escapes cleverly.
过去分词+…
海盗
80
原文:A leopard cannot change his spots.
文学经典
The bad cats can only live in fear on the②主语+have/has+never+
过去分词+
pirate ship.
They have never seen the
译文参考
outside world,and only Mike
is full of curiosity about the
鹦鹉迈克、山羊老伯和刺猬住在一个荒岛上,他
unknown
们从未见识过外面的世界,而只有迈克对未知的世界
他们从未见识过外面的世界,
而只有迈克对未知的世界充
充满好奇。不久前,一场暴风雨将一艘受损的的商船
满好奇。
吹到了岛上。这些动物们认识了唯一幸存的人类:英
国人鲁滨逊。迈克信任鲁滨逊并欣然接受了他的新名
never意为“从不;永不”,
表示否定含义,They为第三
字:星期二。起初,动物们和鲁滨逊相处并不愉快。
人称复数,故和have连用。
但在星期二的帮助下,他们已经消除误会,并建立了
考点5:现在完成时的一般
深厚的友谊。
疑问句
然而,随着鲁滨逊一起漂流到这个岛上的,还有
句型结构:Have/Has+主语
一群恶猫。它们因为在船上干坏事被鲁滨逊和他的狗
+过去分词+.?
关了起来,并因此憎恨鲁滨逊。来到岛上后,它们曾
But in the end,have the bad
离间鲁滨逊和动物们的关系。但是最后,恶猫们得到
cats got good results?
了好的结果吗?它们最终去了另一个小岛。然而,恶
但是最后,恶猫们得到了好
猫们意外找到了回荒岛的办法。所以一场荒岛恶战就
的结果吗?
此打响。最终鲁滨逊和他的朋友们赢了。后来,鲁滨
该句主语为the bad cats,
逊遇到了海盗,并机敏地逃脱了,恶猫们却只能在海
是复数形式,故助动词用
have,got是get的过去分词。
盗的船上过提心吊胆的日子。
园语法加油站
表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态
意义
表示从过去某时到现在的经验
have/has+
现在完成
表示现在刚完成的动作
过去分词
时形式
主要时间
since,for等
标志词
ever,never,before,once
already,just,yet等
译文:江山易改,本性难移。
81
Anne of Green Gables
《绿山墙的安妮》
®文章词数:214
语法考点:过去完成时的定义过去完成时的肯定句过去完成时的否定句过去完成时的一般疑问句
语法考点
Anne lost both her parents when she
考点1:过去完成时的定义
父母
was very young.She had gone through
过去完成时表示在过去某个
经历
动作、某个时间点之前,就
lots of hardships and unhappiness.
已经完成或一直持续的动作。
核心口决:过去的过去。
Later,she was sent to an orphanage run
孤儿院
She had gone through lots of
by Mrs.Bolbel,where she was often
hardships and unhappiness
她受尽艰辛与不幸。
treated badly.The only thing that kept
通读整篇文章可知,此句讲
述的是主人公Anne幼年的
her going was her rich imagination.
经历,是过去的过去,故用
想象力
过去完成时。
By chance,Matthew and Marilla,
偶然地
考点2:过去完成时的
who lived on a farm called Green
肯定句
Gables,had wanted to adopt a boy to
过去完成时的肯定句由
收养
“had+过去分词”构成。主
help with the farm work.But because
语不分单复数,谓语全部用
帮助解决
of a mistake by a worker,they had not
had。
82
原文:Give and take
文学经典
got a boy but a lively and kind-hearted
By chance,Matthew and
Anne instead.Gentle Matthew took
Marilla,who lived on a farm called
照顾
Green Gables,had wanted to adopt
care of Anne,while strict Marilla didn't
a boy to help with the farm work.
like her.But little by little,she was won
机缘巧合之下,住在名叫绿
山墙农场的马修和玛丽拉,
over by Anne's purity and honesty.
原本想收养一个男孩来帮忙
被…打动
千农活。
However,Mrs.Bolbel was not
不愿意
wanted是want的过去分词,
willing to lose such a capable girl.She
“had+过去分词”是过去完
有能力
成时的肯定句形式。
followed Anne all the way to Green
考点3:过去完成时的否定句
Gables.She had tried many tricks to
过去完成时的否定句由
take Anne back to the orphanage since
“had not(hadn't)+过
去分词”构成。主语不分
Anne left.
单复数,谓语全部用had
not(hadn't)。
Had the ending of the story been
But because of a mistake by
happy?With her wisdom and courage,
a worker,they had not got a boy
勇气
but a lively and kind-hearted
and with the help of her good friends,
在…的帮助下
Anne instead
Anne had destroyed the villain's
但因工作人员失误,他们并未
领养到男孩,而是迎来了活泼
evil plans.Matthew and Marilla fully
善良的安妮。
accepted Anne and officially adopted
got是get的过去分词,“had
正式地
not+过去分词”构成了过
her.After drifting through life for so
去完成时的否定形式。
译文:礼尚往来。
83
42部动画电影
many years,Anne finally found her real
考点4:过去完成时的
终于
般疑问句
home,right there at the green,beautiful
句型结构:Had+主语+过去
分词…?
Green Gables.
肯定回答:Yes,主语+had
译文参考
否定回答:No,主语+hadh't
安妮自幼失去双亲,历经艰辛与不幸,后被送入
Had the ending of the story
波贝尔夫人掌管的孤儿院,在那里常年遭受苛待,唯
been happy?
有丰富的想象力支撑着她。
这个故事是大团圆结局吗?
机缘巧合之下,住在名叫绿山墙农场的马修和玛
丽拉,原本想收养一个男孩来帮忙干农活。但因工作
been是be的过去分词,the
人员失误,他们并未领养到男孩,而是迎来了活泼
ending of the story是主语,
善良的安妮。温柔的马修很照顾安妮,严肃的玛丽
两者和句首had共同构成过
拉并不喜欢她,却也渐渐被她的纯真和诚实打动。
去完成时的一般疑问句。
然而,波贝尔夫人不愿意失去这样一个能干的女
过去完成时改肯定句为一
孩,自安妮离开后,她一路追踪到绿山墙,通过各种
般疑问句,需要把助动词
手段,企图将安妮带回孤儿院。
had移到句首,且had首字
这个故事是大团圆结局吗?安妮凭借智慧与勇气,
母须大写,其余语序不变,
在好友的帮助下粉碎了反派的阴谋。马修和玛丽拉
句末的句号改为问号。
完全接纳了安妮,正式将她收养。漂泊多年的安妮终
于在绿意盎然而美丽的绿山墙,拥有了真正属于自己
的家。
回语法加油站
结构have/has done
现在完成时
参照现在
动作从过去到现在
时态
结构had done
过去完成时
参照过去某一刻
动作从更早过去到过去
84
原文:Time flies,
5 Pinocchio
《木偶奇遇记》
☒文章词数:234
语法考点:被动语态的定义
被动语态的肯定句
被动语态的否定句被动语态的注意事项
An old woodcarver Geppetto received
语法考点
木雕家
收到
考点1:被动语态的定义
a piece of magical wood.He carved it
有魔力的
英语语态分为主动语态和被
into a wooden puppet boy who was
动语态。
主动语态:主语是动作的发
named Pinocchio.And he made a wish
出者(执行者)。
that Pinocchio might come to life and
被动语态:主语是动作的承
充满活力
受者(受事者),动作执行
become his own child.Then Pinocchio
者放在介词by后,可省略。
came to life.The Blue Fairy told him
简单概括:被动语态表示“主
语被…”,重点突出承受
that only by being sincere,and willing
对象,而非谁做的动作。
真诚的
He carved it into a wooden
to correct his mistakes could he truly
puppet boy who was named
transform into a real human boy.
Pinocchio】
使改变
他亲手雕刻出一个叫匹诺
Newly awakened to life,Pinocchio
曹的木偶男孩。
觉醒的
was willful and disliked studying.He
句中name是动词,意为“命
名”,和系动词was共同构
also told lies constantly,and every
成被动语态。
一直
译文:光阴似箭。
85
42部动画电影
time he lied,his nose grew longer.
考点2:被动语态的肯定句
句式结构:
He was easily fooled by the cunning
狡猾的
主语+be+过去分词+(by.)
Fox and Cat,who cheated him out of
He was easily fooled by the
骗走了他的钱
cunning Fox and Cat.who cheated
his money.He then came to the Land
him out of his money.
of Toys,where he gave himself over
他轻信狡猾的狐狸与猫的谎
放纵自己
言,被骗走钱财。
to
pleasure and nearly turned into a
句中主语是He,系动词是
变成
was,fool作动词,意为“欺
donkey.Along the way,Pinocchio
骗”,是被动语态肯定句的
典型结构。
made many mistakes and met with
遭遇
failures,but under the guidance of the
考点3:被动语态的否定句
在…的指导下
句式结构:
Fairy,he gradually learned honesty and
主语+be not+过去分词+
responsibility.
(by.)
Pinocchio was not defeated by
Then he learned that his father,
the difficulty.
while searching for him,had unfortunately
匹诺曹没有被困难打败。
不幸地
defeat作动词,意为“击}
fallen into the sea and was trapped inside
败;战胜”,其过去分词是
使落入险境
defeated。Pinocchio是主语,
the belly of a giant whale.Pinocchio
was not表示否定,共同构
成被动语态的否定结构。
was not defeated by the difficulty.He
summoned all his courage and rushed
考点4:被动语态的注意事项
鼓起
勇气
注意事项:
into the deep sea to rescue his father.
①不愿说出动作的执行者或
After enduring great hardships,he
需强调动作的承受者时,常
用被动语态。
made up for his mistakes with kindness
弥补
86
原文:Take things as they come.
文学经典
and bravery.Finally,he moved the Fairy.②当宾语是反身代词、相互
代词、不定式或动名词时,
And he was transformed into an upright,
不能用被动语态。
正直的
③当谓语是表状态、结果的
sensible,and courageous real little boy.
及物动词时,不能用被动
译文参考
语态。
④当宾语表示数量、质量、
老木匠杰佩托得到一块神奇的木头。他亲手雕刻
大小、程度时,不能用被
出一个叫匹诺曹的木偶男孩,并许下心愿,希望他能
动语态。
拥有生命,成为自己的孩子。匹诺曹活了过来,蓝发
And he was transformed
仙女告知他,唯有真诚、知错改过,才能真正蜕变成
into an upright,sensible,and
真正的人类男孩。
courageous real little boy.
重获新生的匹诺曹任性且不爱学习,还屡屡说谎,
他被转变为一名正直、懂事、
每次撒谎他的鼻子都会变长。他轻信狡猾的狐狸与猫
勇敢的真正的小男孩。
的谎言,被骗走钱财,又误入玩具乐园,沉迷玩乐,
此句强调动作的承受者,故
险些变成驴子。一路上,匹诺曹不断犯错、不断碰壁,
用被动语态。
在仙女的指引下逐渐学会诚实与担当。
本句属于一般过去时的被
得知父亲为寻找自己,不幸坠入深海被困在巨鲸
动语态,且主语为第三
腹中。匹诺曹没有被困难打败,毅然鼓起勇气,奔赴
人称单数,故be动词用
深海营救父亲。他历经磨难、真心悔改,用善良与勇
waso
敢弥补过错,最终打动仙女,他被转变为一名正直、
懂事、勇敢的真正的小男孩。
痘语法加油站
主动语态转换为被动语态的步骤
步骤1
把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动句中的主语。
原主动句中的主语,如有必要,转换成宾格形式,放在介词by之后
步骤2
如无必要,可省略。
步骤3
把动词的主动形式改为被动形式,即“be+过去分词”。
步骤4
其他成分(定语、状语)不变,句子的时态不变。
译文:既来之,则安之。
87
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