周测评 (23) 选择性必修四 Unit 6Unit 6 Space and Beyond-【衡水真题密卷】2026-2027学年高二英语学科素养周测评（外研版）

2026一2027学年度高二学科素养周测评（二十三） 英语·选择性必修四Unit6 (本试卷总分100分，考试时间40分钟。) 第一部分阅读（共8小题；每小题5分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Astronomers have discovered a six-pack of planets,formed at least 4 billion years ago and remarkably unchanged since,orbiting a nearby sun-like star.The new planets could provide a breakthrough in the understanding of how planets form and why there are so many between the sizes of Earth and Neptune(海王星)，a kind known as“sub Neptunes'” that is strikingly common in our galaxy(银河系). These newfound worlds are hot,full of gas and unlikely to be pleasant places to visit.Their cozy orbits around the parent star mean they are not in what scientists consider the "habitable zone"of a planetary system.Therefore,the hunt for Earth 2.0 goes on. But what makes these planets unusual,in addition to their large number,is that they are locked into a resonance (with one another as they orbit the star.One planet, for example,will make precisely three orbits while a neighbouring planet makes two. "This resonance is very rare in nature,lead author Rafael Luque of the University of Chicago said in a webinar Tuesday with reporters. This reminder that mathematics controls the universe comes with another implication,which is that these six planets have been in a stable,predictable,two-by- three orbital pattern since they were formed at least 4 billion years ago.Most planetary systems,including our own,aren't like that. The resonant orbits of these planets are consistent with the idea that this system has not suffered any major disturbance-for instance,the impact of disasters,or the close passing of another star-for billions of years.In this case,the planets formed with their parent star from a cloud of gas and dust and relatively quickly found their resonant orbits. And then nothing exciting happened to change that. This unusual orbital pattern is clear in the title of the new paper:"A resonant sub-Neptune passing the bright star HD 110067." "Occasionally,nature reveals an absolute treasure,"Sara Seager,a professor of planetary science at MIT and a co-author of the new paper,said in an email."HD 110067 is an immediate astronomical discovery-offering a key system to help unlock some mysteries of planet formation and evolution. 高二学科素养周测评（二十三）英语第1页（共4页） Hang in there! asaEssaeEesasesaas 1.Why should the hunt for Earth 2.0 go on according to the passage? 班级 A.The new-found planets are "sub Neptunes"that are too big. B.The new-found planets are orbiting a star different from the sun. C.The new-found planets are not suitable for human beings to live on. 姓名 D.The new-found planets formed at least 4 billion years ago and changed significantly. 2.Which of the following is not the special aspect of these six planets? A.Their two-by-three orbital pattern. 得分 B.Their being controlled by mathematics. C.Their not having suffered great disturbance. D.Their being stable and unchanged since they were formed. 3.Why did the new-found planets form this two-by-three orbital pattern? A.A cloud of gas and dust found their orbit quickly. B.Their parent star formed before a disastrous impact. C.Another star passed the planets for billions of years. D.The whole planet set was not disturbed from the beginning. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.The Search for Earth 2.0 Continues B.Resonant Planets Don't Welcome Humans C.The Discovery of“sub Neptunes”in Universe D.Unlocking the Mysteries of Planet Formation with HD 110067 B Mars rover (Zhurong,part of China's Tianwen-1 Mars exploration mission, has provided key observational evidence of liquid water at low Martian latitudes () the warmest regions on the red planet,according to a new study. Previous studies found evidence of a large amount of liquid water on early Mars,but climate changes led to very low pressure and water vapor content(水汽含量)，making it difficult for liquid water to exist on the present-day planet.Scientists believe that water can now only exist there in solid or gaseous forms. However,robots on Mars have found that salty liquid water can appear in the summer at high latitudes on Mars.But evidence of liquid water at the planet's low latitudes,where surface temperatures are highest,is still lacking.Findings from the Zhurong rover,whose landing site was in a low-latitude region of Mars,now fill that gap. A group of more than 20 researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has since used data obtained by cameras and detectors on the rover to study the surface features and material compositions of sand hills in the landing area. Researchers explained that salts in sand hills cause frost and snow to melt at low temperatures to form salty liquid water.When it dries,it leaves trace on the surface of the planet.They also said the sand hills Zhurong found were formed about 400,000 to 1.4 million years ago.The exchange of water vapor between the higher and lower latitudes during this period led to repeated wet environments at low Martian latitudes,followed by the frequent occurrence of salty water when temperatures dropped in the region. 高二学科素养周测评（二十三）英语第2页（共4页）】 WY The discovery provides key proof of liquid water at Martian low latitudes,where surface temperatures are relatively warm and more suitable for life than high latitudes.It also provides information for the design of future exploration strategies for Mars rovers to search for existing life on Mars,researchers said in the study. 5.What is the purpose of Paragraphs 2 and 3? A.To show the effects of climate changes. B.To stress the contribution of the discovery. C.To introduce the findings of previous studies. D.To present the lack of evidence of water on Mars. 6.Where does the salty liquid water on Mars come from? A.The exchange of water vapor. B.Frost and snow melted by salt. C.Water vapor at lower temperatures. D.Water collection from the wet environment. 7.What is the significance of the latest study on Mars? A.It explores Mars landing strategies.B.It proves the existence of solid water. C.It finds an environment good for lives.D.It helps future Mars exploration plans. 8.What is the main idea for the passage? A.Zhurong looks for signs of existing life. B.Zhurong plans to search for signs of water. C.Zhurong finds new evidence of water on Mars. D.Zhurong lands its robotic arms on the red planet. 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳 选项。 Being an astronaut sounds cool,doesn't it?In space,they get to do some pretty amazing things,like 9 in zero gravity.However,without 10,there are also plenty of things astronauts can't do,and that's very 11 What's worse,they can't even let their sadness show-because it's impossible to 12 in zero gravity. Of course,astronauts can still produce tears.But crying is much more difficult in space.Because of their 13 environment,tears don't flow downward out of the eyes. This 14 that when you cry in space,your tears have nowhere to go-they just 15 there.In May 2011,astronaut Andrew J.Feustel 16 this during one of his spacewalks. Besides making your 17 unclear,this can also cause physical pain.Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring 18 to the eyes.But that's not the case in space."My right eye is painful like crazy,Feustel told his teammate during the walk. Since gravity doesn't work in space,astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears.Feustel 19 to rub()his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away. WY 高二学科素养周测评（二十三）英语第3页（共4页） Another choice is to just wait."When the tears get big enough they 20 break free of the eye and float around,astronaut Ron Parise said. In space,astronauts can't eat or drink in 21 ways.Nor can they talk to each other directly.They can't even burp(),because there is no gravity to hold the food 22 in their stomach.If they do burp,they just 23 throwing up everything in their stomach.Thus,perhaps it's only space explorers who can honestly say,"Gravity,you're the best..” 9.A.leaping B.floating C.eating D.talking 10.A.gravity B.doubt C.aid D.effort 11.A.risky B.lifelike C.sad D.unfortunate 12.A.foresee B.view C.pray D.cry 13.A.dangerous B.extreme C.stable D.weightless 14.A.expects B.means C.demands D.shows 15.A.meet B.develop C.stay D.leave 16.A.witnessed B.acknowledged C.experienced D.suffered 17.A.mind B.vision C.sense D.idea 18.A.peace B.disaster C.stress D.comfort 19.A.chose B.decided C.stopped D.hesitated 20.A.fluently B.exactly C.efficiently D.simply 21.A.regular B.normal C.particular D.rational 22.A.out B.off C.down D.up 23.A.give up B.end up C.put off D.feel like 第二节（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently,researchers in China have found a new way to turn soil fertile,making 24 possible for humans to develop agriculture on the moon.In September,special bacteria 25 (introduce)into the soil and consequently they discovered that phosphorus,an important nutrient for plants,increased. By the end of October 2024,the researchers had conducted numerous 26 (experiment)and finally they made it.They grew a plant linked with the tobacco plant and used volcanic soil from the Changbai Mountains in Jilin Province,27 is similar to lunar soil. They treated the moon-like soil with three different kinds of bacteria.By 28 (compare),the plants raised in the bacteria-treated soil grew 29 (well)than plants that grew in the soil without the bacteria. Xia Yitong,30 co-author of the study,said carrying food,oxygen and water to people on the moon would be 31 (incredible)expensive.He added,"A plant cultivation system on the moon will meet long-term food and oxygen requirements for humans,thus contributing 32 the human life on the moon.Other plans to grow food on the moon that do not need soil are more costly as they require materials 33 (transport)from Earth. 高二学科素养周测评（二十三）英语第4页（共4页）2026 I7.C【解析】根据下文“her bags and headed to the fish market'”以及“There,.she spoke with several fishermen..”可知，她收拾行李去了 鱼市。 18.C【解析】根据下文“risky”以及与其构成转折 的后半句“but it is one of few ways for them tol9 for their families.”可知，捕捞鲨鱼 非常危险。 19.B【解析】根据最后一段“For now,Kathy. tours with The Dorsal Effect.”可知，此处指 渔民捕捞鲨鱼卖钱来养家糊口。provide for one's family表示“供养家庭”。 20.B【解析】根据下文“ecotourism business”可 知，此处指带游客看鲨鱼。 21.D【解析】Xu和渔民们想出了浮潜船旅行的 主意，一个交易由此达成。make a deal表示 “达成交易”，符合句意。 2026一2027学年度高二学科素养周测评( 第一部分阅读 A 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 科学家们发现了由六颗行星组成的绕恒星HD 110067旋转的有独特轨道的行星系，给帮助解开 行星形成和发展的秘密提供了重要的系统。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 "These newfound worlds are hot,full of gas and unlikely to be pleasant places to visit. Their cozy orbits around the parent star mean they are not in what scientists consider the ‘habitable zone'of a planetary system.”可知， 人类将继续寻找地球2.0是因为这些新发现的 行星不适合人类居住。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“This reminder that mathematics controls the universe comes with another implication, which is that these six planets have been in a stable,predictable,two-by-three orbital Wy ·40 学科素养周测评 22.D【解析】根据下文“her full-time job to focus on building The Dorsal Effect”可知，此处表示 辞去了全职的工作。 23.A【解析】根据上文“save the declining shark'” 可知，此处指拯救日益减少的鲨鱼数量。 24.A【解析】根据上文“The species had not been seen for more than20 years'”可知，此处指这个 物种被认为已经灭绝了。 25.B【解析】根据上文“The discovery gave scientists hope'”可知，Xu的这个发现给了科 学家希望，可以作为研究的根据。 26.A【解析】根据下文“a promising result of conservation campaigns'”可知，此处表示全球 对鱼翅的需求已经下降。 27.D【解析】根据下文“an income'”可知，此处表 示赚钱。 二十三)英语·选择性必修四Unit6 pattern since they were formed at least 4 billion years ago.Most planetary systems, including our own,aren't like that..”和第五段 中的“The resonant orbits of these planets are consistent with the idea that this system has not suffered any major disturbance-for instance,the impact of disasters,or the close passing of another star-for billions of years. 可知，这个行星系的轨道自它们形成以来都是 稳定的23轨道模式，大多数行星系都不是这 样，并且这种共振轨道与它们没有遭受过大的 灾难或破坏是相符合的，故“它们受数学支配” 不是这六颗行星所具有的特殊特征。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The resonant orbits of these planets are consistent with the idea that this system has not suffered any major disturbance-for instance,the impact of disasters,or the close passing of another star---for billions of years..”可知，这些 ·英语。 行星形成这种2￥3轨道模式的原因是整个行 星系从一开始就没有受到任何重大千扰。 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的 "HD 110067 is an immediate astronomical discovery-offering a key system to help unlock some mysteries of planet formation and evolution.”可知，文章主要讲了科学家们发现了 由六颗行星组成的绕恒星HD110067旋转的有 独特轨道的行星系，给帮助解开行星形成和发展 的秘密提供了重要的系统，故D选项“利用HD 11006解开行星形成的奥秘”适合作为文章标题。 B 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是说中 国的“祝融号”火星车提供了火星低纬度地区液态 水存在的关键观测证据。 5.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段 的主要内容，特别是第三段中“Findings from the Zhurong rover…fill that gap.”可知，第二段 和第三段的目的是强调这一发现的贡献。 6.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中 "Researchers explained that salts... temperatures to form salty liquid water.”可 知，火星上的盐水来自被盐融化的雪和霜。 7.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“It also provides information...researchers said in the study.”可知，最新的研究对未来火星探测 策略的设计是有帮助的。 8.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容， 特别是文章第一段“Mars rover(火星车) Zhurong...according to a new study..”可知，这 篇文章主要是说中国的“祝融号”火星车提供了 火星低纬度地区液态水存在的关键观测证据。 第二部分语言运用 第一节 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 在没有重力的情况下，宇航员所面对的一些生理 方面的问题。 9.B【解析】根据上文“some pretty amazing things”及下文中“in zero gravity”可知，在太空 可以在失重状态下漂浮，这是很神奇的。 参考答案及解析 10.A【解析】根据上文“like9 in zero gravity.”和“However”可知，此处指没有地心 引力。 11.C【解析】根据上文“However,without10, there are also plenty of things astronauts can't d0,”可知，在没有地心引力的情况下，宇航员 不能做很多事情，这是令人很伤感的。下文中 的“sadness”也是提示。 12.D【解析】根据上文“let their sadness show” 和下文中的关键词“tears”及“crying”可知，此 处指他们不能哭泣。 13.D【解析】根据上文“in zero gravity”及常识可 知，在太空中没有重力。weightless意为“失重 的”。 l4.B【解析】根据上文“tears don't flow downward out of the eyes.”可知，太空中眼泪不会从眼睛 里往下流，这意味着当你在太空中哭泣时，你 的眼泪无处可去。 l5.C【解析】根据上文“your tears have nowhere t0g0”可知，此处表示眼泪只会停留在眼眶里。 l6.C【解析】根据下文“My right eye is painful like crazy'”可知，宇航员Andrew.Feustel在 太空中就经历过这样痛苦的事。experience “经历”。 l7.B【解析】根据上文“tears don't flow downward out of the eyes'”和“your tears have nowhere to go'”可知，在太空流泪时，眼泪会 停留在眼眶中。因此，当眼中含泪时，视觉会 模糊。 l8.D【解析】根据上文“this can also cause physical pain”及下文“But that's not the case in space..”可知，此处表示两种情况的对比。 结合常识可知，在地球上，流泪会让眼睛感觉 舒适。 19.A【解析】根据下文“Another choice is to just wait”中的“choice”可知，此处表示选择用头盔 擦眼睛，以擦去眼泪。 20.D【解析】根据下文“break free of the eye and float around'”可知，此处应用simply,表示强 调，意为“仅仅，只不过”。 WY 2026 学科素养周测评 2l.B【解析】根据下文“Nor can they talk to introduced。 food22 in their stomach.”可知，此处指 26. experiments【解析】考查名词复数。 在太空中，宇航员不能以正常的方式吃或喝。 “numerous”后接可数名词复数，故填 normal“正常的”。 experiments. 22.C【解析】根据上文“tears don't flow downward 27.which【解析】考查定语从句。空处引导非限 out of the eyes.”可知，与流眼泪相似，进食时太空 制性定语从句，先行词为“volcanic soil”指物， 中也没有重力以向下的吸引力让食物保持在胃 空处在从句中作主语，故填which。 里。结合语境可知，此处应用dowm。 28.comparison【解析】考查名词。根据上文“By” 23.B【解析】根据上文“They can't even burp(打 可知，空处应用名词作宾语，by comparison是 )”及下文“throwing up everything in their 固定搭配，表示“相比之下”，故填comparison。 stomach.”可知，此处表示打隔造成的结果， 29.better【解析】考查副词比较级。根据空后的 end up doing sth意为“以…而告终”。 “than”可知，空处修饰“grew”应用比较级，故 第二节 填better。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 30.a【解析】考查冠词。“co-author'”是可数名词， 中国研究人员的新发现一在类似月球土壤的火 此处表示“一位共同作者”，表泛指，且以辅音 山土中引入特殊细菌，可以使月球土壤变得肥沃， 音素开头，故填a。 助力月球农业发展。这一发现对未来人类长期在 3L.incredibly【解析】考查副词。空处修饰形容 月球生存意义重大。 词“expensive'”,表示程度，应用副词形式作状 24.it【解析】考查代词。此处为“make it+adj. 语，故填incredibly。 十for sb to do sth'”结构，其中it作形式宾语， 32.to【解析】考查介词。contribute to是固定搭 真正宾语为后面的动词不定式。故填t。 配，表示“有助于”，故填t0。 25.were introduced【解析】考查时态、语态与主谓 33.to be transported【解析】考查非谓语动词。空 一致。主语“special bacteria'”与空处是被动关 处作定语修饰“materials”,“materials”与 系，应用被动语态，“In September”表明应用一 transport之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动 般过去时，且主语为复数，故填were 形式，故填to be transported。. 2026一2027学年度高二学科素养周测评（二十四） 英语·选择性必修四Units4一6综合 第一部分语言运用 of heights..”可知，作者恐高。由此可推知，作者 第一节 决定尝试攀岩是为了直面自己的恐惧。 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作 3.C【解析】根据下文“walls above us seemed like 者从犹豫、害怕到最终成功登顶的心路历程，以及 a huge challenge'”可知，作者觉得这是个巨大挑 在这个过程中获得的成就感和自我认知，展现了 战，结合作者恐高，可推知，这里是说高耸的 个人成长和挑战自我的过程。 墙壁。 4.B【解析】根据下文“I watched them with a mix l.D【解析】根据上文“I've always been terrified of heights..”可知，作者恐高，所以一想到在高 of admiration and 5.I could feel a wave of self--doubt wash over me.”可知，由于恐高作 处，就心跳加速。 者看到朋友们急切地开始练习，自己却已经开 2.B【解析】根据上文“I've always been terrified 始心生犹豫。 WY ·42·