Unit 6 Beyond Earth（单元话题阅读任务单）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Unit 6 Beyond Earth话题阅读任务单 Unit 6 Beyond Earth 话题定位 本单元围绕“太空探索”这一主题展开，与课标“人与自然”主题范畴中的子话题“宇宙探索与科学精神”及“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“科技发展与社会进步”密切相关。通过前几个单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述人物品质、社会变化与思想力量的语言能力，能够运用被动语态表达客观事实与过程。本单元将视角从“地球上的议题”转向“地球之外的空间”，引导学生了解人类探索太空的历程与意义，认识中国航天事业的成就，思考探索太空所需的勇气、智慧与合作精神。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会用英语描述太空探索活动、介绍航天成就、表达对太空探索的看法与梦想，掌握一般将来时被动语态（will be + past participle）的结构与功能。本单元的大问题“What does it take to explore space?”启发学生从“探索的动因”“探索所需的条件”“探索对个人与人类的意义”三个维度思考太空探索的价值。Section A通过太空新闻听力、空间站直播课堂问答和航天员访谈等真实语境，让学生感知太空探索的多重原因，聚焦被动语态在描述未来太空活动中的运用。Section B的阅读语篇是一篇关于太空探索的科普文章，帮助学生理解人类已经取得的进展以及仍然面临的限制，思考“我们能在太空中走多远”。写作环节要求学生描写自己的太空梦想并制作中国航天主题海报。本部分侧重探讨科学探索精神、技术理性与人类命运共同体意识对个人成长和社会发展的长远意义。 Passage A A Tenderfoot in Space (Adapted Excerpt) — by Robert A. Heinlein 导读： 罗伯特·海因莱因（Robert A. Heinlein，1907—1988）是美国最具影响力的科幻作家之一，被誉为“科幻先生”。《太空新手》（A Tenderfoot in Space，1958）是他专为青少年读者创作的短篇小说，讲述男孩基普随家人移民金星后，在一个全然陌生的世界中学习生存与成长的故事。“Tenderfoot”原指初入童子军的“新手”，在故事中隐喻一个对地球之外的生活毫无准备的新来者。这段改编节选聚焦基普初到金星时面对的真实挑战——严酷的地形、极端的气候、严格的日常规程，以及一个少年如何在“不适应”中一点点学会适应。它告诉我们：探索太空不仅需要火箭和勇气，更需要耐心、纪律和对未知保持敬畏。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 体裁：经典科幻改编　 难度：★★★　 词数：约205词 Kip Russell had always dreamed of space. When his family moved to Venus for his father‘s new job, he thought the adventure would begin the moment they landed. He was wrong. Venus was not the planet he had imagined. The ground under his boots was uneven and treacherous. The air was thick, and the sky was a colour he had never seen on Earth. Nothing here was familiar. Every step had to be watched. Every routine had to be learned. On his first morning, Kip put on his suit too quickly. A warning light flashed on his wrist. He had forgotten to check the oxygen level. A seasoned colonist stopped him just in time. “Tenderfoot,” the man said, not unkindly, “enthusiasm will not keep you alive here. Discipline will.” Kip learned. He learned to move slowly. He learned to check his equipment twice. He learned to listen to the old settlers, even when their advice sounded boring. Slowly, the planet stopped feeling like an enemy. It began to feel like a place he could live. “You are not a tenderfoot anymore,” his father told him months later. Kip shook his head. “I will always be a tenderfoot,” he said. “Every day here teaches me something new. That’s not a bad thing.” 【重难生词】 1. treacherous adj. 危险的；危机四伏的 例句：The mountain path was treacherous after the rain.（雨后山路危机四伏。） 2. familiar adj. 熟悉的 例句：The streets were familiar to me.（这些街道对我来说很熟悉。） 3. routine n. 常规；规程 例句：Exercise is part of my daily routine.（锻炼是我日常规程的一部分。） 4. warning n. 警告；警示 例句：The warning light came on.（警示灯亮了。） 5. oxygen n. 氧气 例句：We need oxygen to breathe.（我们需要氧气来呼吸。） 6. seasoned adj. 经验丰富的 例句：He is a seasoned traveller.（他是一位经验丰富的旅行者。） 7. colonist n. 殖民者；定居者 例句：The colonists built homes on the new planet.（定居者在新行星上建造了家园。） 8. enthusiasm n. 热情 例句：Her enthusiasm for science is inspiring.（她对科学的热情鼓舞人心。） 9. discipline n. 纪律；自律 例句：Discipline is more important than talent.（纪律比天赋更重要。） 10. equipment n. 设备；装备 例句：Check your equipment before you start.（出发前检查你的装备。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. The ground on Venus was __________ , so Kip had to watch every step. 2. Nothing on the new planet was __________ to Kip. 3. He forgot to check his __________ level, and a warning light flashed. 4. A __________ colonist told him that enthusiasm would not keep him alive. 5. Kip learned that __________ was more important than excitement. 参考答案：1. treacherous　2. familiar　3. oxygen　4. seasoned　5. discipline 【长难句分析】 第1句： He had forgotten to check the oxygen level. A seasoned colonist stopped him just in time. · 翻译： 他忘了检查氧气水平。一位经验丰富的殖民者及时拦住了他。 · 重点： 第一句使用过去完成时 had forgotten，表示“忘记”发生在“被拦住”之前，强调因果顺序。forget to do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事”（事情还没有做）。第二句中 stop sb. 意为“拦住某人”，just in time 是固定短语，意为“及时”。两句话共同呈现了新手因疏忽而险些遇险的瞬间，也引出了下文“纪律比热情更重要”的教训。 第2句： Every day here teaches me something new. That‘s not a bad thing. · 翻译： 这里的每一天都在教我新东西。这不是坏事。 · 重点： 第一句是主谓宾宾结构：主语 Every day here，谓语 teaches，间接宾语 me，直接宾语 something new。something new 中，形容词 new 修饰不定代词 something，形容词必须后置。第二句中 That 指代前一句的内容，not a bad thing 用双重否定的弱化形式（not + bad）表达一种温和的肯定态度，意思是“这其实是好事”。这句话是基普成长后的感悟：探索太空的真正收获不一定是征服，而是在持续的学习中重新认识自己。 【中文翻译】 基普·拉塞尔一直梦想着太空。当他的家人因为父亲的新工作搬到金星时，他以为冒险会在他们着陆的那一刻就开始。他错了。 金星并不是他想象中的那颗行星。他靴子底下的地面凹凸不平，危机四伏。空气浓稠，天空呈现出一种他在地球上从未见过的颜色。这里没有一样东西是熟悉的。每一步都必须小心留意。每一套规程都必须从头学起。 第一个早晨，基普穿防护服穿得太快了。他手腕上的警示灯闪了起来。他忘了检查氧气水平。一位经验丰富的殖民者及时拦住了他。“新手，”那人说，语气并不刻薄，“热情在这里救不了你的命。纪律才行。” 基普开始学习。他学会慢慢移动。他学会把设备检查两遍。他学会听老定居者的话，哪怕他们的建议听起来很无聊。渐渐地，这颗行星不再像一个敌人。它开始像一个他可以生活的地方。 “你不再是一个新手了，”几个月后父亲告诉他。基普摇了摇头。“我永远都会是一个新手，”他说，“这里的每一天都在教我新东西。这不是坏事。” Passage B How Far Can We Go into Space? 导读：人类探索太空已经取得了令人瞩目的成就——火箭升空、卫星环绕、载人登月、无人探测器飞向遥远的行星。2025年11月，中国神舟二十二号飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射，并快速对接空间站，完成了中国载人航天首次应急发射任务。然而，与整个宇宙相比，我们的脚步仍然很小。离太阳系最近的恒星在4.2光年之外，远远超出了我们目前能够到达的范围。这篇文章从“为什么探索”“已经走了多远”“还有多远的路”三个层面，冷静而清晰地呈现了人类太空探索的动因、进展与边界，引导我们思考：探索太空究竟需要什么，以及我们还能走多远。 体裁：时文阅读（科普说明文）　 难度：★★★　 词数：约250词 Space is the biggest and most mysterious place beyond our Earth. For thousands of years, humans have dreamed of exploring the unknown universe. We keep exploring space for important reasons. First, space exploration helps us learn more about the universe and our own planet. It lets us know how stars, planets and the solar system work. Second, exploring space pushes the development of modern technology. Many new inventions and technologies are created for space missions, and they finally serve our daily life. Third, space exploration gives humans hope for the future. It allows us to look for new living resources and possible new homes for mankind one day. So far, humans have achieved great progress. We have sent rockets and satellites into space, landed on the moon and sent unmanned probes to distant planets. China‘s space programme has also moved forward quickly. In November 2025, the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. It was China’s first unmanned emergency launch in its manned space programme, and it showed how quickly the country could respond to a problem in space. However, space is extremely wide and endless. The nearest star outside the solar system is 4.2 light years away, which is far beyond our current reach. Compared with the whole universe, our steps are still small. We still have a long way to go. With continuous technological progress, humans will surely go further into space and unlock more secrets of the universe. 【重难生词】 1. exploration n. 探索 例句：Space exploration helps us understand the universe.（太空探索帮助我们理解宇宙。） 2. mission n. 任务；使命 例句：The space mission lasted six months.（这次太空任务持续了六个月。） 3. launch v. 发射 例句：China launched a new satellite last week.（中国上周发射了一颗新卫星。） 4. spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 例句：The spacecraft docked with the space station.（飞船与空间站对接。） 5. satellite n. 卫星 例句：The satellite sends pictures back to Earth.（卫星将图片传回地球。） 6. astronaut n. 宇航员 例句：The astronauts are working on the space station.（宇航员正在空间站工作。） 7. universe n. 宇宙 例句：The universe is full of mysteries.（宇宙充满了奥秘。） 8. solar system n. 太阳系 例句：There are eight planets in our solar system.（我们的太阳系有八颗行星。） 9. probe n. 探测器 例句：The probe sent back information about Mars.（探测器发回了关于火星的信息。） 10. technology n. 技术；科技 例句：Space technology has changed our daily life.（太空科技改变了我们的日常生活。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. Space __________ helps us learn more about the universe and our own planet. 2. Many new inventions are created for space __________ . 3. In 2025, China __________ the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. 4. The Shenzhou-22 __________ successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. 5. Humans have sent rockets and __________ into space, and landed on the moon. 6. __________ work on the space station and carry out scientific experiments. 7. The __________ is full of mysteries, and we still have a long way to go. 8. With continuous __________ progress, humans will go further into space. 参考答案：1. exploration　2. missions　3. launched　4. spacecraft　5. satellites　6. Astronauts　7. universe　8. technology 【长难句分析】 第1句： The nearest star outside the solar system is 4.2 light years away, which is far beyond our current reach. · 翻译： 太阳系之外最近的恒星在4.2光年之外，远远超出了我们目前所能到达的范围。 · 重点： 这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句。主句为 The nearest star outside the solar system is 4.2 light years away，outside the solar system 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 star。which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。far beyond 意为“远远超出”，current reach 意为“目前所能到达的范围”。这句话用具体数字和定语从句冷静地划定了人类太空探索的当前边界。 第2句： In November 2025, the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. · 翻译： 2025年11月，神舟二十二号飞船从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，并成功与天宫空间站对接。 · 重点： 这是一个简单句，但包含并列谓语和被动语态。主语是 the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft，谓语由 was launched 和 （was）docked 两个并列的动词构成，and 连接。was launched 是一般过去时的被动语态，强调飞船“被发射”；docked with 是主动形式，意为“与……对接”。from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center 是地点状语，说明发射地点。这句话用被动语态客观陈述了中国航天的一项具体成就，是本段从“人类整体”聚焦到“中国贡献”的关键句。 【中文翻译】 太空是地球之外最广阔、最神秘的地方。几千年来，人类一直梦想着探索未知的宇宙。我们持续探索太空，有着重要的原因。 第一，太空探索帮助我们更多地了解宇宙和我们自己的星球。它让我们知道恒星、行星和太阳系是如何运作的。第二，探索太空推动现代科技的发展。许多新的发明和技术是为太空任务而创造的，最终服务于我们的日常生活。第三，太空探索给人类以未来的希望。它让我们能够寻找新的生存资源，以及有朝一日可能成为人类新家园的地方。 迄今为止，人类已经取得了巨大的进步。我们把火箭和卫星送入太空，登上了月球，向遥远的行星发射了无人探测器。中国的太空计划也在快速推进。2025年11月，神舟二十二号飞船从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，并成功与天宫空间站对接。这是中国载人航天工程首次无人应急发射，展示了中国在太空中快速响应问题的能力。 然而，太空极其广阔，无边无际。太阳系之外最近的恒星在4.2光年之外，远远超出了我们目前所能到达的范围。与整个宇宙相比，我们的脚步仍然很小。我们还有很长的路要走。随着技术的不断进步，人类必将走得更远，解开宇宙更多的秘密。 一、阅读理解 Passage A Can you believe students from high school built a real rocket? Not a toy, a rocket that flew more than 10,000 meters! Meet Wang Yuning, the teen (青少年) who made it happen. Wang Yuning showed interest in space from an early age. Watching the Shenzhou IX launch (发射) when he was very young made him excited about rockets. After that, he borrowed every space book he could find at the library. In high school, with the help of teachers, ▲. “My friends and I drew rockets on paper together and dreamed of making a real rocket,” Wang said. His dream started to take shape in June 2024. Wang became the chief (首席的) designer of the “Feiyan-1” sounding rocket. Teens from Shenzhen, Beijing and other cities worked together on it. First, they went to a space science centre in Beijing to learn how rockets work. Then, they returned to their schools and used their free time to work on the rocket. Just like real rocket scientists, they designed, tested, made rocket parts, put them together and checked everything carefully. On May 27, 2025, their hard work paid off. Each of them stood in Lenghu, Qinghai and held their breath. When they saw the “Feiyan-1” rocket successfully lift off (起飞), they cheered loudly! The rocket reached 10,555.7 meters high! It had four main parts, and it collected some important weather information. “Seeing it flying in the sky is the happiest moment I’ve ever experienced,” Wang said, smiling from ear to ear. Wang and his friends show us that if we love something, we can make great things happen. Dreams don’t care how old we are—they just need our heart and hard work. So go ahead! We can reach for the stars! 1．What sentence can be put in ▲ in the second paragraph? A．he collected some important space information B．he made a real rocket and let it fly into the sky C．he started a space club to share his interests with others 2．What does the phrase “paid off” probably mean in the fourth paragraph? A．Led to problems. B．Cost much money. C．Brought good results. 3．What can we know about the “Feiyan-1” rocket? A．It flew to a height of over 10,000 meters. B．It was designed by Wang Yuning alone. C．It is a toy rocket made by high school students. 4．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．High school students should all join space clubs. B．The “Feiyan-1” rocket is important for weather research. C．With love and hard work, we can make our dreams come true. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了高中生王裕宁及其团队从零开始研发“飞燕一号”火箭并成功发射的故事，展现了青少年对航天的热爱，传达了只要有热爱和努力就能实现梦想的核心主旨。 【详解】 1．推理判断题。第二段“My friends and I drew rockets on paper together and dreamed of making a real rocket”提到和朋友一起画火箭，说明应该是建立了某种组织或平台让大家聚在一起，“创办太空俱乐部，与他人分享他的兴趣爱好”符合语境逻辑，能够自然衔接上下文内容。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“When they saw the ‘Feiyan-1’ rocket successfully lift off (起飞), they cheered loudly!”可知，火箭成功发射让大家欢呼，说明努力有了好的回报，即带来了好结果。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The rocket reached 10,555.7 meters high!”可知，火箭飞行高度达到了10555.7米，超过了一万米。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Dreams don’t care how old we are—they just need our heart and hard work.”并结合全文可知，文章通过王裕宁和伙伴造火箭的经历，告诉我们：带着热爱和努力可以实现梦想。 Passage B Have you ever dreamed of travelling to space? For most people, this is just a wild dream. But for astronauts, it is a reality. Astronauts are people who travel to space to carry out scientific research and complete space missions. They need to have strong physical fitness, excellent knowledge and great courage. To become an astronaut, one must go through strict training. The training is very hard and challenging. Astronauts need to exercise for hours every day to keep their bodies strong. They also need to learn a lot of knowledge, including physics, chemistry, astronomy and engineering. In addition, they need to practise dealing with emergency situations, such as spacecraft malfunctions (故障) and sudden changes in the space environment. Life in space is very different from that on Earth. Astronauts live in a microgravity (微重力) environment, which means they can float in the air. This makes everyday tasks, such as eating, drinking and sleeping, very different. For example, astronauts eat special space food that is easy to store, carry and eat in a zero-gravity environment. They sleep in sleeping-bags that are fixed to the wall to prevent floating away. Astronauts also have to work hard in space. They carry out scientific experiments, maintain the space station and collect data about space. They work closely with each other and with the team on Earth. Teamwork is very important for the success of a space mission. Without teamwork, it is impossible to complete difficult tasks in space. Despite the challenges, being an astronaut is a great honour. Astronauts help humans learn more about space and push forward the development of space exploration. They are heroes who dedicate themselves to science and human progress. Their stories inspire millions of young people to pursue their dreams and learn more about the universe. 1．Which sentence uses “fix” with the same meaning as the underlined word in the passage? fix //fɪks/ v. ①修理 ②固定 ③确定、决定 ④安排、组织 A．He is trying to fix his broken bike. B．Please fix the rope on the tree. C．We have fixed the date for our trip. D．I will fix a meeting for you tomorrow. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Most people will realize their space-travelling dreams in the near future. B．Sleeping bags for astronauts are specially made to keep them warm in space. C．A space mission can hardly succeed without good teamwork. D．Students may show more interest in space and even want to be astronauts. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call on teenagers to become astronauts in the future. B．To introduce astronauts’ requirements, training, life, work and value. C．To explain why space exploration is full of difficulties. D．To show the latest achievements of space science research. 4．What is the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕宇航员展开介绍，涵盖了宇航员的定义与从业要求、成为宇航员的训练内容、太空生活与工作的特点，以及宇航员的职业价值与意义，展现了该职业的特殊性与重要性。 【详解】 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第③段“They sleep in sleeping-bags that are fixed to the wall to prevent floating away.”可推知，文中fixed表示“固定”，指睡袋被固定在墙上以防止飘走，与B选项中fix“固定”的含义一致。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第⑤段“Their stories inspire millions of young people to pursue their dreams and learn more about the universe.”可推知，宇航员的故事能激励年轻人了解宇宙、追求梦想，学生属于年轻群体，因此可推断学生可能会对太空更感兴趣，甚至想要成为宇航员。 3．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可推知，文章依次介绍了宇航员的基本要求、训练内容、太空生活、太空工作以及职业价值，核心是向读者介绍与宇航员相关的多方面信息，因此作者的写作目的是介绍宇航员的要求、训练、生活、工作和价值。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章段落内容可推知，第①段总起，引出宇航员这一说明对象并介绍其基本特点；第②③④段分别从训练、太空生活、太空工作三个角度分述宇航员的相关情况；第⑤段总结全文，点明宇航员的价值与意义，全文为总—分—总结构，对应选项B的图示。 Passage C On Earth, we use bricks (砖块) to build houses, but what about building things on the moon? We use “lunar bricks”, of course! Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a research station on the moon. To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤). The bricks are more than three times stronger than normal red bricks. They also have special structures, which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together. Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil composition (成分) and used three ways to harden them. In this way they could choose the best materials for making the bricks. “Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon,” Zhou said. “For example, one of the kinds tested simulates (模拟) the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang’e-5, which is mainly basalt (玄武岩).” The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme (极端的) environment. Quakes often happen there. And it gets as hot as 180℃ during the day and as cold as -190℃ at night. The lunar bricks have been sent to China’s space station on the “Tianzhou-8” spacecraft. There, scientists carried out tests to see how well the bricks work in space. The first bricks returned to Earth on November 14th, 2025. 1．Which properly shows the strength comparison of lunar bricks and red bricks? A． B． C． 2．How did scientists find the best materials for making lunar bricks? A．They learned about lunar soil from scientific reports. B．They compared different bricks used widely nowadays. C．They did many tests on simulated lunar soil and treated it in different ways. 3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．The introduction of China’s “Tianzhou-8” spacecraft. B．The reasons why lunar bricks need to be tested in space. C．The temperature difference on the moon between day and night. 4．What is most probably the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了华中科技大学科学家研发的“月球砖”。文章首先引出“月球砖”的概念，接着说明其强度及结构特点，然后讲述科学家如何通过测试不同模拟月壤成分及硬化方式选出最佳材料，最后解释了月球砖需要在太空进行测试的原因及过程。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“The bricks are more than three times stronger than normal red bricks.”可知，月球砖的强度是普通红砖的三倍以上。 2．根据第三段“Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil composition and used three ways to harden them. In this way they could choose the best materials for making the bricks.”可知，科学家通过测试五种不同的模拟月壤成分并使用三种不同的硬化方法，从而选出了最佳材料。 3．根据第四段“The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme environment.”以及后文提到的月震、极端温差等环境因素，可知本段主要讲述了月球砖需要在太空进行测试的原因。 4．通读全文可知：第一段引出话题“月球砖”；第二段介绍月球砖的特点；第三段介绍制作月球砖的材料筛选过程；第四段介绍月球砖的太空测试及原因。文章结构为“总—分”结构，即第一段总起，后三段分别从不同方面进行分述。 Passage D China is making great progress in rocket technology. CAST, the country’s leading space organization, is working to develop two reusable rocket models. These rockets can fly more than once, which helps save money and makes space travel easier. Jiang Jie, a senior researcher at CAST, said that reusable rockets are the only way to make heavy-lift and affordable travel to space possible. The major difference between the two models lies in their recovery (回收) methods. One way is to land on the ground. The first part of the rocket lands straight down on a special site and stands on its own legs. The other method uses a large net on a ship at sea. Since the rocket is caught by the net, landing legs are unnecessary. Scientists shared these details in Beijing last week. Now, those plans are starting to take shape. Last month, China carried out an important test, in which a new rocket was sent up, and then it used its engines (引擎) to fly back and landed safely in the South China Sea. It was the first time a Chinese rocket returned successfully. Earlier this year, China also completed ground tests of the net-catching system. Although only the US has reusable rockets in service so far, China is working hard to become the second country to achieve this. To reach this goal, Jiang said that in the coming months, CAST will carry out the first test to catch the rocket with a net. The team is working hard to make breakthroughs (突破) in key technologies. Reusable rockets will bring great benefits to China. The scientist said they will help send more things into space at a lower cost. They will also help scientists get experience for building even bigger rockets in the future. With these advantages, China is ready to take the next step. Besides government efforts, many private companies in China are racing to build their own reusable rockets, eyeing orders from state-owned satellite operators (卫星运营商) that plan to build large networks in space. With their combined efforts, China is speeding up its space exploration, unlocking new technologies that will open up endless possibilities for humanity’s future journey among the stars. 1．Why is China developing reusable rockets? A．To make space travel cheaper and easier. B．To build more space stations. C．To send more astronauts into space. D．To compete with other countries. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The two models are mainly different in speed. B．Both recovery methods require landing legs. C．Scientists use a large net on a ship to catch the rocket. D．The net-catching method requires a special site on the ground. 3．According to Paragraph 3, what has China achieved in reusable rocket technology? ①A rocket has managed to land safely in the South China Sea. ②China has become the second country with reusable rockets. ③China has completed ground tests of the net-catching system. ④China has succeeded in catching a rocket with a net. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 4．Which of the following shows the use of reusable rockets? A．Building rockets at a lower cost. B．Making sending rockets into space safer. C．Sending more things into space at a lower cost. D．Helping satellite operators avoid building networks in space. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国正在研发两种可回收火箭，介绍了两种回收方式、目前取得的试验成果、可回收火箭带来的好处以及国内多方合力推进太空探索的现状。 【详解】 1．根据第1段“These rockets can fly more than once, which helps save money and makes space travel easier.”可知，可回收火箭能够节约资金、让太空旅行更简便，也就是使太空旅行更便宜、更容易。 2．根据第2段“The other method uses a large net on a ship at sea.”可知，科学家会使用海上船上的大网来捕获火箭。选项C对。根据第二段第一句，二者区别是回收方式，选项A错； 根据第二段“Since the rocket is caught by the net, landing legs are unnecessary.”，网捕方式不需要支架，选项B错； 根据第2段“One way is to land on the ground…stands on its own legs.”可知，在特殊场地垂直落地是第一种地面回收方式的要求，并不是网捕方式的要求，选项D错。 3．根据第3段 “Last month, China carried out an important test, in which …fly back and landed safely in the South China Sea.”可知①火箭已经成功在南海安全降落表述正确； 根据第3段“Earlier this year, China also completed ground tests of the net-catching system.”可知③中国完成了网捕系统的地面试验表述正确。 4．根据第4段“The scientist said they will help send more things into space at a lower cost.”可知，可回收火箭可以以更低的成本把更多物资送入太空。 二、阅读填空 Passage A 选择适当的选项补全短文，两项多余。 Many of us wonder what is in outer space. When we look up at the night sky, we see stars and the moon. 1 Now more countries are sending rockets and satellites into space and making it very crowded. Space junk comes from debris (残骸) from old rockets or satellites. More than 30,000 pieces of space debris are larger than 10 cm. There are also millions of smaller pieces. 2 They could even hit other active satellites. The pieces could bring danger to astronauts in spaceships too. 3 Then what should we do? 4 That seems impossible because they are important to humans in many ways. Scientists are working on ways to help clean up space junk. For example, new technologies could be used. There could be rules for sending satellites into space. And old satellites could be taken out of space. 5 Scientists hope that every country can take the problem seriously and play a part in cleaning up space junk. A．But one thing we don’t see is pieces of junk in space. B．These ways will be helpful to solve the problem. C．Can we stop sending satellites or rockets into space? D．These pieces of junk are all from broken spaceships. E．In the future, a piece of space junk might even fall from the sky to Earth and hit humans. F．The pieces can be very dangerous because they are moving so fast. G．We should build more satellites to study space better. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍太空垃圾的危害以及清理太空垃圾的办法。 【详解】 1．前文提到当我们仰望夜空，能看见星星和月亮。A选项“But one thing we don’t see is pieces of junk in space.”，转折说明有一样东西我们看不见，就是太空垃圾，引出下文太空垃圾话题，语义连贯。 2．后文提到它们甚至会撞击其他正常工作的卫星，碎片也会对宇宙飞船里的宇航员造成危险。F选项“The pieces can be very dangerous because they are moving so fast.”说明这些碎片因为高速移动而十分危险，引出后面的危害描述，语义连贯。 3．前面介绍了太空碎片会撞击卫星、威胁宇航员。E选项“In the future, a piece of space junk might even fall from the sky to Earth and hit humans.”继续补充太空垃圾的危害，未来太空碎片可能落到地球伤到人类，语义连贯。 4．后文“That seems impossible because they are important to humans in many ways.”表示这似乎不可能，因为卫星火箭在很多方面对人类很重要。C选项“Can we stop sending satellites or rockets into space?”提出疑问：我们能停止发射卫星和火箭吗，和后文的回答匹配，语义连贯。 5．上文列举了清理太空垃圾的多种方法。B选项“These ways will be helpful to solve the problem.”总结这些方法有助于解决太空垃圾问题，承接上文，语义连贯。 Passage B 阅读填空。阅读短文及文后A-E选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 Students across China recently attended a special science class. It was not taught in a school classroom but given from the Tiangong space station, about 400 kilometres above the Earth. Three Chinese astronauts, also known as taikonauts, gave the lesson. 1 They showed how they live, work and carry out experiments in microgravity. During the lesson, the astronauts performed several interesting experiments. 2 For example, they put a small steel ball into a water balloon. Instead of falling to the bottom, the ball stayed where it was, and the water around it formed a round ball. They also placed a tablet into a water ball and watched it create many bubbles. These simple experiments helped students see how differently objects behave in space. The students on Earth were amazed by what they saw. They had many questions. 3 This was not China’s first space lesson. In 2013, astronauts gave a similar lesson from space. 4 But this time, the class covered more subjects, including physics, biology and medicine, and used more advanced equipment. The astronauts also invited students to take part in some simple experiments on the ground so that they could compare the results. In this way, the lesson became more interactive than the earlier one. The space lesson is of great value to students. It helps them understand science in a lively and direct way. 5 Many students said the lesson made them want to learn more about space and even become scientists or astronauts in the future. A．During the lesson, the astronauts also answered questions from students on the ground. B．It also encourages young people to take a greater interest in science. C．The lesson was watched by millions of students on TV or online. D．That earlier lesson focused mainly on basic physics. E．They used simple everyday objects to explain how physics works in space. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了天宫太空授课，航天员在轨做微重力实验、和学生互动；对比2013年授课，本次内容更丰富、互动性更强，能帮助学生理解科学、激发科学兴趣。 【详解】 1．根据前文“Three Chinese astronauts, also known as taikonauts, gave the lesson.”以及后文“They showed how they live, work and carry out experiments in microgravity.” 可知，这里承接上文，介绍这堂课的观看情况，C选项“The lesson was watched by millions of students on TV or online.”说明这堂课有数百万学生通过电视或线上观看，起到承接上下文的作用。 2．根据前文“During the lesson, the astronauts performed several interesting experiments.”以及后文举的钢球、水球实验例子可知，E选项“They used simple everyday objects to explain how physics works in space.”说明他们用简单的日常物品解释太空里的物理原理，引出下文的实验例子。 3．根据上文“They had many questions.”可知，学生们有很多问题，A选项“During the lesson, the astronauts also answered questions from students on the ground.”表示宇航员在课上也回答地面学生的提问，承接上文“questions”。 4．根据上文“In 2013, astronauts gave a similar lesson from space.”和后文“But this time, the class covered more subjects” 可知，这里是对比两次太空授课，D选项“That earlier lesson focused mainly on basic physics.”说早前那节课主要聚焦基础物理，和后文本次课程涵盖更多学科形成转折对比。 5．根据上文“It helps them understand science in a lively and direct way.”以及后文“Many students said the lesson made them want to learn more about space”可知，B选项“It also encourages young people to take a greater interest in science.”的“It also encourages…”和上一句的“It helps…”并列，继续说明太空课的价值，引出下文学生的感受。 Passage C 阅读短文，把下列选项中的句子按顺序还原到短文中，使文章完整通顺，其中有一项是多余的。 The first people to go into space only went for short trips to see what it was like. 1 We all know that living in space is very different from living on the Earth. So, what’s astronauts’ daily life like? Astronauts brush their teeth in the normal way as we do, but there is a difference! On the International Space Station (ISS), there is no gravity like on the Earth, so everything including the water and toothpaste floats around. 2 The toothpaste astronauts use can be swallowed after they brush their teeth and the mouth is then cleaned with a wet paper napkin. Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the health of the astronauts. 3 For example, American astronaut John Young took a sandwich into space in 1965. It almost caused a great accident. If its tiny pieces had got into spacecraft’s electronics, it could have caused serious problems. 4 Without gravity, people will have lots of health problems such as bone and muscle loss. So, there is a running machine and a special exercise bicycle on the ISS. Astronauts have to do at least 2 hours of exercise every day to keep in good shape. There are also some pulleys (滑轮) and ropes. 5 A．So astronauts’ food is specially prepared. B．However, not all the food can be taken to space. C．All these help them maintain the condition of their bones and muscles. D．Today astronauts can spend weeks or even months living and working in space. E．They have to do it with their mouths closed to prevent the toothpaste floating out! F．We should prepare healthy food for the astronauts. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍宇航员在太空的日常生活，包括太空刷牙、太空食物与太空锻炼。 【详解】 1．前文提到最早进入太空的人只进行短途太空旅行“The first people to go...trips to see what it was like.”，后文开始介绍宇航员的太空日常生活，此处需要形成今昔对比。D选项“Today astronauts can spend weeks or even months living and working in space.”承上启下，引出下文太空日常生活。 2．前文提到在国际空间站没有重力，水和牙膏会四处漂浮“On the International Space Station...water and toothpaste floats around.”，后文介绍宇航员刷牙后可吞咽牙膏，此处应表达刷牙时的做法。E选项“They have to do it with their mouths closed to prevent the toothpaste floating out!”承接上文，解释太空刷牙的注意事项。 3．前文提到营养对维持宇航员健康很重要“Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the health of the astronauts.”，后文举例三明治带入太空险些引发事故，所以此处要转折指出对带入太空食物的要求。B选项“However, not all the food can be taken to space.”引出下文三明治事例。 4．前文提到食物碎屑一旦进入航天器电子设备，会引发严重问题“If its tiny pieces had...caused serious problems.”，此处应表达宇航员的食物需要特殊处理。A选项“So astronauts’ food is specially prepared.”起因果推导、总结该事例的作用。 5．前文提到空间站配备多种健身器械“So, there is a running...some pulleys and ropes.”，此处应表达这些器材的作用。C选项“All these help them maintain the condition of their bones and muscles.”总结上文器材的功能，呼应段首“bone and muscle loss”。 三、完形填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In May 2026, the Shenzhou-23 spacecraft successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. Three Chinese astronauts entered their new home in space, beginning a six-month 1 . Living in a space station is exciting, but it brings many challenges. In space, astronauts are weightless. They float around, so their bodies can easily become 2 if they do not exercise every day. For this reason, each astronaut spends about two hours on running machines and bicycles daily. Eating is another challenge. Food must be specially 3 so that it will not float away in small pieces. Water is even more precious. In Tiangong, more than 90 percent of the water is 4 through an advanced recycling system. “Every drop counts,” one astronaut said. Besides scientific experiments, the astronauts also give lessons to students on Earth. During a live class, they showed 5 water forms a ball in space and how plants grow without soil. Millions of students watched the class 6 and asked questions. Why do we spend so much time and money exploring space? A scientist gave three reasons: to understand the universe, to develop new 7 that can help life on Earth, and to search for resources in the far future. China’s space programme has made great achievements, but the journey has just 8 . In the coming years, more astronauts will be 9 to the moon, and a lunar research station will be built. As one student wrote in his diary: “Space is vast, but with courage and hard work, humans will 10 the stars one day.” 1．A．holiday B．mission C．meeting D．course 2．A．weak B．heavy C．blind D．clever 3．A．eaten B．grown C．prepared D．found 4．A．wasted B．bought C．hidden D．recycled 5．A．when B．how C．where D．why 6．A．carelessly B．angrily C．silently D．eagerly 7．A．technologies B．languages C．hobbies D．games 8．A．begun B．ended C．stopped D．failed 9．A．carried B．pushed C．called D．sent 10．A．reach B．leave C．lose D．forget 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了神舟二十三号宇航员在天宫空间站的生活挑战、太空授课及探索太空的意义，展望了中国航天的未来。 【详解】 1．句意：三名中国宇航员进入了他们在太空的新家，开始了为期六个月的任务。 根据“astronauts entered their new home in space”及常识，宇航员太空工作是执行任务，mission“任务”符合语境。holiday“假期”，meeting“会议”，course“课程”，不符合太空工作语境。 2．句意：他们四处漂浮，所以如果不每天锻炼，他们的身体很容易变得虚弱。 根据“if they do not exercise every day”可知，缺乏锻炼会导致身体虚弱，weak“虚弱的”符合语境。heavy“沉重的”，blind“失明的”，clever“聪明的”，与缺乏锻炼无直接逻辑联系。 3．句意：食物必须特别准备，这样它就不会漂浮成小块。 根据“so that it will not float away”可知，食物需要在食用前被特殊准备或处理，prepared“准备”符合语境。eaten“吃”，grown“种植”，found“发现”，不符合食物处理语境。 4．句意：在天宫，超过90%的水通过先进的回收系统被回收。 根据“through an advanced recycling system”可知，水是被回收利用，recycled“回收”符合语境。wasted“浪费”，bought“买”，hidden“隐藏”，与回收系统矛盾。 5．句意：在一堂直播课中，他们展示了水在太空如何形成球体以及植物如何无土生长。 根据“water forms a ball”可知，此处展示的是形成的方式/过程，用“how”。when“何时”，where“何地”，why“为何”，不符合演示过程的语境。 6．句意：数百万学生热切地观看了这节课并提问。 根据“Millions of students watched”及“asked questions”可知，学生对太空课感兴趣，应是热切地观看，eagerly“热切地”符合语境。carelessly“粗心地”，angrily“生气地”，silently“安静地”，不符合语境。 7．句意：一位科学家给出了三个理由：了解宇宙，开发可以帮助地球上生命的新技术，以及在遥远的未来寻找资源。 根据“exploring space”及“help life on Earth”可知，太空探索主要带来新技术，technologies“技术”符合语境。languages“语言”，hobbies“爱好”，games“游戏”， 不是太空探索的主要产出。 8．句意：中国太空计划取得了巨大成就，但旅程刚刚开始。 “but”表转折，前文说成就大，后文说未来要去月球，说明旅程刚开始，begun“开始”符合语境。ended“结束”，stopped“停止”，failed“失败”，与未来计划矛盾。 9．句意：在未来几年，将有更多的宇航员被送往月球，并将建造一个月球研究站。 根据“astronauts”和“to the moon”可知，宇航员是被送到月球，固定搭配be sent to表示被“发送/派遣”到某地。carried“携带”，pushed“推”，called“呼叫”，不符合航天语境。 10．句意：正如一位学生在日记中所写：“太空是广阔的，但只要有勇气和努力，人类总有一天会到达星辰。” 根据“with courage and hard work”可知，这是励志结尾，意为到达星辰，reach“到达”符合语境。leave“离开”，lose“失去”，forget“忘记”， 为消极含义，不符合语境。 Passage B 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Can you believe high school students built a REAL rocket? Not a toy, but a rocket that flew over 10,000 metres! Wang Yuning is one of the teens who made it happen. Wang Yuning showed interest in space from a(n) 1 age. Watching the Shenzhou IX 2 on TV when he was very young made him excited about rockets. In high school, with his teachers’ help, he started a space 3 to share his interests with other members. “We 4 rockets on paper and dreamed of making a real one,” Wang said. His dream started to take shape in June 2024. Wang became a team 5 of the “Feiyan-1” sounding rocket (探空火箭). Teens from Shenzhen, Beijing and other cities 6 each other. First, they went to a space science centre in Beijing to learn how rockets work. Then, they returned to their schools and used their 7 time to work on the rocket. On May 27, 2025, their hard work paid off. When they saw the “Feiyan-1” rocket 8 take off, you can’t imagine how excited they were. The rocket reached 10,555.7 metres 9 ! It collected some important weather information. “Seeing it fly is the happiest moment I’ve ever experienced. I’ll never 10 it,” Wang said, smiling from ear to ear. Wang and his friends show us that if we love something, we can make great things happen. So go ahead! We can reach for the stars! 1．A．late B．middle C．old D．early 2．A．make B．launch C．repair D．finish 3．A．school B．museum C．club D．factory 4．A．controlled B．drew C．covered D．read 5．A．member B．guide C．keeper D．expert 6．A．looked at B．agreed with C．smiled at D．cooperated with 7．A．spare B．hard C．busy D．happy 8．A．difficultly B．suddenly C．successfully D．silently 9．A．wide B．long C．deep D．high 10．A．forget B．imagine C．doubt D．believe 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了高中生王裕宁及其团队制造真实火箭的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：王裕宁从小就对太空表现出兴趣。 根据后文的“when he was very young”可知，此处是早年。early age“早年”符合语境，late“晚的”；middle“中间的；中等的”和old“老的”与“当他还很小的时候”的语境不符。 2．句意：他很小的时候就在电视上看到神舟九号发射，这让他对火箭感到兴奋。 根据“the Shenzhou IX”可知，此处指观看火箭发射的场景，launch“发射”符合逻辑。make“制作”；repair“修理”和finish“完成”与“在电视观看神舟九号发射”的语境不符。 3．句意：在高中，在他的老师的帮助下，他创办了一个太空俱乐部，与其他成员分享自己的兴趣。 根据“start”和后文的“members”可知，此处是俱乐部，club“俱乐部”符合语境。排除school“学校”；museum“博物馆”和factory“工厂”。 4．句意：王说：“我们在纸上画了火箭，梦想着制造一个真正的火箭。” 根据“on paper”可知，此处drew“画”符合语境，表示在纸上画火箭。controlled“控制”；covered“覆盖”和read“读”与语境不符。 5．句意：王成为“飞燕一号”探空火箭的一员。 根据“team”可知，此处指团队成员，member“成员”符合语境。排除guide“向导”；keeper“保管员”和expert“专家”。 6．句意：来自深圳、北京等城市的青少年相互合作。 根据“team”和“member”，以及制造火箭的场景可知，团队成员需要合作，cooperated with“和……合作”符合语境。looked at“看”；agreed with“同意”和smiled at“微笑”和“团队合作”的语境不符。 7．句意：然后，他们回到学校，利用业余时间在火箭上工作。 根据“they returned to their schools”和学生身份可知，此处是指“利用业余时间”，spare“业余的”符合语境。排除hard“艰难的”；busy“忙碌的”和happy“高兴的”。 8．句意：当他们看到“飞燕一号”火箭成功发射时，你无法想象他们有多兴奋。 根据“paid off”和“you can’t imagine how excited they were”可知，此处是指发射成功，successfully“成功地”符合语境。difficultly“困难地”；suddenly“突然地”和silently“沉默地”与“火箭发射，兴奋的场景”不符。 9．句意：火箭达到10555.7米高！ 根据“take off”可知，此处介绍的是火箭升空的高度，high“高”符合语境。wide“宽”；long“长”和deep“深”与“火箭发射”的场景不符。 10．句意：我永远不会忘记。 根据“happiest moment”可知，此处是表达永远不会忘记这一时刻，forget“忘记”符合语境。imagine“想象”；doubt“怀疑”和believe“相信”与“难忘最快乐时刻”的语境不符。 Passage C 阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 As a Chinese, every time I see China’s national flag, my heart is filled with strong 1 . On June 4, the Chang’e-6 probe (探测仪) 2 our national flag on the far side of the moon. This is the first national flag to fly there. The flag is special because it is made from Xuanwu rock. It is really 3 that common rock can be changed into such a light and strong flag. Scientists crushed and melted the rock, then made it into tiny threads (线). They are much softer and finer than human hair. 4 hard work, they finally wove these threads to make a flag about the size of A4 paper. Space travel is never easy 5 the space environment is terrible. Astronauts need strict training to get used to 6 conditions in space. Scientists believe that humans will 7 more unknown places in space in the future. Now, China is working with other countries to 8 the mysteries of the universe. New space reports will come out to let the whole world know our space achievements. More powerful rockets will be sent to the moon to 9 further research. Space exploration needs global teamwork. It is important for all countries to 10 and make progress side by side. 1．A．pride B．confidence C．trust D．satisfaction 2．A．put up B．put away C．put off D．put out 3．A．strange B．boring C．amazing D．terrible 4．A．Without B．Through C．Against D．Except 5．A．so B．but C．because D．until 6．A．special B．simple C．smooth D．safe 7．A．discover B．invent C．create D．produce 8．A．discover B．explore C．uncover D．research 9．A．carry out B．set out C．work out D．put out 10．A．compete B．cooperate C．compare D．complain 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了中国嫦娥六号探测器在月球背面展示国旗的壮举，介绍了这面由玄武岩制成的特殊国旗，并展望了中国在太空探索领域与各国合作、共同探索宇宙的未来。 【详解】 1．句意：作为一个中国人，每次看到中国国旗，我的心中都充满了强烈的自豪感。 根据全文对中国航天成就的自豪叙述可知，看到国旗会充满自豪，pride“自豪”符合语境。confidence“信心”；trust“信任”；satisfaction“满意”，均不如“自豪”契合看到国旗时的情感。 2．句意：6月4日，嫦娥六号探测器在月球背面展示了我们的国旗。 根据“our national flag on the far side of the moon”可知，这里指展示国旗，put up“展示；升起”符合语境。put away“收好”；put off“推迟”；put out“扑灭”，均不符合在月球上展示国旗的语境。 3．句意：普通岩石能被变成如此轻盈而坚固的旗帜，这真是令人惊叹。 根据“common rock can be changed into such a light and strong flag”可知，普通岩石变成旗帜令人惊叹，amazing“令人惊叹的”符合语境。strange“奇怪的”；boring“无聊的”；terrible“糟糕的”，均不符合对这一科技成就的赞叹。 4．句意：经过艰苦努力，他们终于把这些线织成了一面大约A4纸大小的旗帜。 根据“hard work, they finally wove these threads”可知，这里表示“通过”，Through“通过”符合语境。Without“没有”；Against“反对”；Except“除……之外”，均不符合“经过努力最终成功”的语境。 5．句意：太空旅行从来都不容易，因为太空环境很恶劣。 根据“the space environment is terrible”可知，这里表示原因，because“因为”符合语境。so“所以”表结果；but“但是”表转折；until“直到”表时间，均不符合因果逻辑。 6．句意：宇航员需要严格的训练来适应太空中的特殊条件。 根据“conditions in space”可知，太空条件特殊，special“特殊的”符合语境。simple“简单的”；smooth“光滑的”；safe“安全的”，均不符合太空环境的特征。 7．句意：科学家相信未来人类将在太空中发现更多未知的地方。 根据“more unknown places in space”可知，这里指发现未知的地方，discover“发现”符合语境。invent“发明”；create“创造”；produce“生产”，均不符合探索未知太空的语境。 8．句意：中国正在与其他国家合作探索宇宙的奥秘。 explore the mysteries“探索奥秘”为常见搭配，explore“探索”符合语境。discover“发现”；uncover“揭开”；research“研究”，均不如explore符合“探索宇宙奥秘”的语境。 9．句意：将向月球发射更强大的火箭以开展进一步研究。 carry out research“开展研究”为固定搭配，carry out符合语境。set out“出发”；work out“解决”；put out“扑灭”，均不符合“开展研究”的固定搭配。 10．句意：所有国家合作、并肩进步是很重要的。 根据“Space exploration needs global teamwork.”可知，各国需要合作，cooperate“合作”符合语境。compete“竞争”；compare“比较”；complain“抱怨”，均不符合“全球团队合作”的语境。 四、任务型阅读 Passage A 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2? (no more than ten words) . 2．Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3?  (no more than ten words) . 3．How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? (no more than ten words) . 4．What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? (no more than three words) . 5．What could be the best title of the passage?  (no more than ten words) . 【答案】1．Mars. 2．To explain the great influence of solar wind. 3．By detecting high reflectivity of radio waves. 4．Not fit. 5．The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了火星地下咸水湖的发现、火星水分流失的原因推测、探测方法以及科学家对未来火星居住可能性的探索。 【详解】 1．根据文章第2段“Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it.”及前文提及火星气候，可推知it指代火星。 2．文章第3段“It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry.”解释了该段中提到人类的皮肤的目的，是为了解释太阳风的影响。 3．根据文章第4段“This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity, which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface.”可知，科学家通过检测无线电波反射证明有水。 4．文章第6 段内容“With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on.”明确指出现在不适合居住，这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 5．通读全文，根据文章第1段“The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes”可知，文章主要围绕咸水湖发现展开。 Passage B Now, life has changed a lot. It may be difficult to predict the future, but many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Well, what problems will we need to solve before preparing to go to Mars? First of all, transport should be much better. At present, humans need to spend a few months going to Mars by spaceship. However, by 2100, spaceships can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get there! Moreover, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food, water and air that we need. However, there is no solution to all the problems yet. There is also a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there. We will have to wear special shoes to make ourselves heavier. In some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth today. Food will not be the same—meals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will probably make many people feel very uncomfortable. 1．When will we probably live on Mars? 2．At present, how long does it take us from Earth to Mars by spaceship? 3．What can the plants grown on Mars do for humans? 4．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 5．Write an ending sentence for the passage.  (不超过15 个词) 【答案】1．By the year 2. 3．A few months. 4．They can produce the food, water and air that humans need. 5．火星对我们的引力比地球小得多。 6．Life on Mars is possible but still has many challenges. / ...(开放性试题，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了人类未来可能移居火星的设想，探讨了在交通、食物供给、引力适应等方面需要解决的问题，以及火星生活可能面临的挑战。 【详解】 1．文中第一段明确提到：“many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100”，直接给出了人类可能移居火星的时间。 2．文中第二段：“At present, humans need to spend a few months going to Mars by spaceship”，清晰点明了目前从地球到火星乘坐飞船需要花费的时间。 3．文中第三段：“These plants will produce the food, water and air that we need”，直接说明了在火星上种植的植物能为人类提供食物、水和空气，对应得到答案。 4．“Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does.”译为“火星对我们的引力比地球小得多”。Mars表示“火星”；attracts us表示“吸引我们”，此处指火星对我们的引力；much less than 表示“比……少得多、小得多”；the Earth表示“地球”；does是助动词，代替前面的attracts us，避免重复。 5．本文围绕人类移居火星展开，从交通、食物、引力等方面介绍了需要解决的问题，最后一段还指出了火星生活可能不如地球舒适。因此结尾句应对全文进行总结，表达火星生活虽然有可能但仍面临诸多挑战，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。 Passage C 阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。 Beyond Earth, the moon is an attractive place that many people are interested in. It has been a long-cherished dream for humans to explore the moon and uncover its secrets. In 2020, China’s Chang’e-5 probe completed China’s first lunar sample collection and return mission, bringing back precious lunar soil samples. In 2024, Chang’e-6 made a great success—it completed the world’s first sample collection and return mission from the far side of the moon. In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang’e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there. These great achievements are not accidents, but the results of Chinese scientists’ hard work, careful preparation and unremitting efforts. The precious samples help us know more about the moon’s origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from the far side of the moon are unique and have provided new clues for moon research. Chinese scientists keep working hard on space exploration. No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon, aiming to find out more secrets and promote the development of space science. Exploring space is not an easy job, but it is of great significance. It can help us learn more about the vast universe and make more scientific progress. What’s more, it encourages teenagers to love science, keep curious and pursue their dreams bravely. 1．What does China plan to do with Chang’e-7 in 2026? 2．Why are the lunar samples from Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 important for scientists? 3．What spirit do Chinese scientists show in space exploration? How can students use this spirit in study? 4．What is the main topic of this passage? (no more than 4 words) 5．Do you want to work in the space field in the future? Why or why not? 【答案】1．Launch Chang’e-7 to explore the moon’s south pole and look for water or ice. 2．Because they help scientists learn about the moon’s origin, changes and geology; the far-side samples give new research clues. 3．They show hard work, patience and never giving up. Students can use it by keeping trying when study is difficult, solving problems step by step, and not giving up after failures. 4．China’s moon exploration. 5．Yes. Because space science is meaningful and I want to help humans understand the universe./No. Because it is too hard, but I still respect space scientists. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在月球探索方面取得的成就（嫦娥五号、六号及七号计划），科学家们的努力精神以及太空探索的重要意义。 【详解】 1．文章第1段“In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang’e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there.”表明2026年中国计划用嫦娥七号探索月球南极，寻找水或者冰。 2．文章第2段“The precious samples help us know more about the moon’s origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from the far side of the moon are unique and have provided new clues for moon research.”表明月样能够帮助科学家更多了解月球起源、演变和地质特征，还能为月球研究提供新线索。 3．文章第3段“No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon”表明中国科学家展现出努力奋斗、永不放弃的精神。学生在学习中遇到困难也要坚持努力，不轻言放弃。 4．通读全文可知，文章主要围绕中国探索月球的任务和意义展开。 5．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合自身实际情况，合理作答即可。 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth话题阅读任务单 Unit 6 Beyond Earth 话题定位 本单元围绕“太空探索”这一主题展开，与课标“人与自然”主题范畴中的子话题“宇宙探索与科学精神”及“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“科技发展与社会进步”密切相关。通过前几个单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述人物品质、社会变化与思想力量的语言能力，能够运用被动语态表达客观事实与过程。本单元将视角从“地球上的议题”转向“地球之外的空间”，引导学生了解人类探索太空的历程与意义，认识中国航天事业的成就，思考探索太空所需的勇气、智慧与合作精神。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会用英语描述太空探索活动、介绍航天成就、表达对太空探索的看法与梦想，掌握一般将来时被动语态（will be + past participle）的结构与功能。本单元的大问题“What does it take to explore space?”启发学生从“探索的动因”“探索所需的条件”“探索对个人与人类的意义”三个维度思考太空探索的价值。Section A通过太空新闻听力、空间站直播课堂问答和航天员访谈等真实语境，让学生感知太空探索的多重原因，聚焦被动语态在描述未来太空活动中的运用。Section B的阅读语篇是一篇关于太空探索的科普文章，帮助学生理解人类已经取得的进展以及仍然面临的限制，思考“我们能在太空中走多远”。写作环节要求学生描写自己的太空梦想并制作中国航天主题海报。本部分侧重探讨科学探索精神、技术理性与人类命运共同体意识对个人成长和社会发展的长远意义。 Passage A A Tenderfoot in Space (Adapted Excerpt) — by Robert A. Heinlein 导读： 罗伯特·海因莱因（Robert A. Heinlein，1907—1988）是美国最具影响力的科幻作家之一，被誉为“科幻先生”。《太空新手》（A Tenderfoot in Space，1958）是他专为青少年读者创作的短篇小说，讲述男孩基普随家人移民金星后，在一个全然陌生的世界中学习生存与成长的故事。“Tenderfoot”原指初入童子军的“新手”，在故事中隐喻一个对地球之外的生活毫无准备的新来者。这段改编节选聚焦基普初到金星时面对的真实挑战——严酷的地形、极端的气候、严格的日常规程，以及一个少年如何在“不适应”中一点点学会适应。它告诉我们：探索太空不仅需要火箭和勇气，更需要耐心、纪律和对未知保持敬畏。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 体裁：经典科幻改编　 难度：★★★　 词数：约205词 Kip Russell had always dreamed of space. When his family moved to Venus for his father‘s new job, he thought the adventure would begin the moment they landed. He was wrong. Venus was not the planet he had imagined. The ground under his boots was uneven and treacherous. The air was thick, and the sky was a colour he had never seen on Earth. Nothing here was familiar. Every step had to be watched. Every routine had to be learned. On his first morning, Kip put on his suit too quickly. A warning light flashed on his wrist. He had forgotten to check the oxygen level. A seasoned colonist stopped him just in time. “Tenderfoot,” the man said, not unkindly, “enthusiasm will not keep you alive here. Discipline will.” Kip learned. He learned to move slowly. He learned to check his equipment twice. He learned to listen to the old settlers, even when their advice sounded boring. Slowly, the planet stopped feeling like an enemy. It began to feel like a place he could live. “You are not a tenderfoot anymore,” his father told him months later. Kip shook his head. “I will always be a tenderfoot,” he said. “Every day here teaches me something new. That’s not a bad thing.” 【重难生词】 1. treacherous adj. 危险的；危机四伏的 例句：The mountain path was treacherous after the rain.（雨后山路危机四伏。） 2. familiar adj. 熟悉的 例句：The streets were familiar to me.（这些街道对我来说很熟悉。） 3. routine n. 常规；规程 例句：Exercise is part of my daily routine.（锻炼是我日常规程的一部分。） 4. warning n. 警告；警示 例句：The warning light came on.（警示灯亮了。） 5. oxygen n. 氧气 例句：We need oxygen to breathe.（我们需要氧气来呼吸。） 6. seasoned adj. 经验丰富的 例句：He is a seasoned traveller.（他是一位经验丰富的旅行者。） 7. colonist n. 殖民者；定居者 例句：The colonists built homes on the new planet.（定居者在新行星上建造了家园。） 8. enthusiasm n. 热情 例句：Her enthusiasm for science is inspiring.（她对科学的热情鼓舞人心。） 9. discipline n. 纪律；自律 例句：Discipline is more important than talent.（纪律比天赋更重要。） 10. equipment n. 设备；装备 例句：Check your equipment before you start.（出发前检查你的装备。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. The ground on Venus was __________ , so Kip had to watch every step. 2. Nothing on the new planet was __________ to Kip. 3. He forgot to check his __________ level, and a warning light flashed. 4. A __________ colonist told him that enthusiasm would not keep him alive. 5. Kip learned that __________ was more important than excitement. 【长难句分析】 第1句： He had forgotten to check the oxygen level. A seasoned colonist stopped him just in time. · 翻译： 他忘了检查氧气水平。一位经验丰富的殖民者及时拦住了他。 · 重点： 第一句使用过去完成时 had forgotten，表示“忘记”发生在“被拦住”之前，强调因果顺序。forget to do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事”（事情还没有做）。第二句中 stop sb. 意为“拦住某人”，just in time 是固定短语，意为“及时”。两句话共同呈现了新手因疏忽而险些遇险的瞬间，也引出了下文“纪律比热情更重要”的教训。 第2句： Every day here teaches me something new. That‘s not a bad thing. · 翻译： 这里的每一天都在教我新东西。这不是坏事。 · 重点： 第一句是主谓宾宾结构：主语 Every day here，谓语 teaches，间接宾语 me，直接宾语 something new。something new 中，形容词 new 修饰不定代词 something，形容词必须后置。第二句中 That 指代前一句的内容，not a bad thing 用双重否定的弱化形式（not + bad）表达一种温和的肯定态度，意思是“这其实是好事”。这句话是基普成长后的感悟：探索太空的真正收获不一定是征服，而是在持续的学习中重新认识自己。 【中文翻译】 基普·拉塞尔一直梦想着太空。当他的家人因为父亲的新工作搬到金星时，他以为冒险会在他们着陆的那一刻就开始。他错了。 金星并不是他想象中的那颗行星。他靴子底下的地面凹凸不平，危机四伏。空气浓稠，天空呈现出一种他在地球上从未见过的颜色。这里没有一样东西是熟悉的。每一步都必须小心留意。每一套规程都必须从头学起。 第一个早晨，基普穿防护服穿得太快了。他手腕上的警示灯闪了起来。他忘了检查氧气水平。一位经验丰富的殖民者及时拦住了他。“新手，”那人说，语气并不刻薄，“热情在这里救不了你的命。纪律才行。” 基普开始学习。他学会慢慢移动。他学会把设备检查两遍。他学会听老定居者的话，哪怕他们的建议听起来很无聊。渐渐地，这颗行星不再像一个敌人。它开始像一个他可以生活的地方。 “你不再是一个新手了，”几个月后父亲告诉他。基普摇了摇头。“我永远都会是一个新手，”他说，“这里的每一天都在教我新东西。这不是坏事。” Passage B How Far Can We Go into Space? 导读：人类探索太空已经取得了令人瞩目的成就——火箭升空、卫星环绕、载人登月、无人探测器飞向遥远的行星。2025年11月，中国神舟二十二号飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射，并快速对接空间站，完成了中国载人航天首次应急发射任务。然而，与整个宇宙相比，我们的脚步仍然很小。离太阳系最近的恒星在4.2光年之外，远远超出了我们目前能够到达的范围。这篇文章从“为什么探索”“已经走了多远”“还有多远的路”三个层面，冷静而清晰地呈现了人类太空探索的动因、进展与边界，引导我们思考：探索太空究竟需要什么，以及我们还能走多远。 体裁：时文阅读（科普说明文）　 难度：★★★　 词数：约250词 Space is the biggest and most mysterious place beyond our Earth. For thousands of years, humans have dreamed of exploring the unknown universe. We keep exploring space for important reasons. First, space exploration helps us learn more about the universe and our own planet. It lets us know how stars, planets and the solar system work. Second, exploring space pushes the development of modern technology. Many new inventions and technologies are created for space missions, and they finally serve our daily life. Third, space exploration gives humans hope for the future. It allows us to look for new living resources and possible new homes for mankind one day. So far, humans have achieved great progress. We have sent rockets and satellites into space, landed on the moon and sent unmanned probes to distant planets. China‘s space programme has also moved forward quickly. In November 2025, the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. It was China’s first unmanned emergency launch in its manned space programme, and it showed how quickly the country could respond to a problem in space. However, space is extremely wide and endless. The nearest star outside the solar system is 4.2 light years away, which is far beyond our current reach. Compared with the whole universe, our steps are still small. We still have a long way to go. With continuous technological progress, humans will surely go further into space and unlock more secrets of the universe. 【重难生词】 1. exploration n. 探索 例句：Space exploration helps us understand the universe.（太空探索帮助我们理解宇宙。） 2. mission n. 任务；使命 例句：The space mission lasted six months.（这次太空任务持续了六个月。） 3. launch v. 发射 例句：China launched a new satellite last week.（中国上周发射了一颗新卫星。） 4. spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 例句：The spacecraft docked with the space station.（飞船与空间站对接。） 5. satellite n. 卫星 例句：The satellite sends pictures back to Earth.（卫星将图片传回地球。） 6. astronaut n. 宇航员 例句：The astronauts are working on the space station.（宇航员正在空间站工作。） 7. universe n. 宇宙 例句：The universe is full of mysteries.（宇宙充满了奥秘。） 8. solar system n. 太阳系 例句：There are eight planets in our solar system.（我们的太阳系有八颗行星。） 9. probe n. 探测器 例句：The probe sent back information about Mars.（探测器发回了关于火星的信息。） 10. technology n. 技术；科技 例句：Space technology has changed our daily life.（太空科技改变了我们的日常生活。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. Space __________ helps us learn more about the universe and our own planet. 2. Many new inventions are created for space __________ . 3. In 2025, China __________ the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. 4. The Shenzhou-22 __________ successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. 5. Humans have sent rockets and __________ into space, and landed on the moon. 6. __________ work on the space station and carry out scientific experiments. 7. The __________ is full of mysteries, and we still have a long way to go. 8. With continuous __________ progress, humans will go further into space. 【长难句分析】 第1句： The nearest star outside the solar system is 4.2 light years away, which is far beyond our current reach. · 翻译： 太阳系之外最近的恒星在4.2光年之外，远远超出了我们目前所能到达的范围。 · 重点： 这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句。主句为 The nearest star outside the solar system is 4.2 light years away，outside the solar system 是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 star。which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。far beyond 意为“远远超出”，current reach 意为“目前所能到达的范围”。这句话用具体数字和定语从句冷静地划定了人类太空探索的当前边界。 第2句： In November 2025, the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. · 翻译： 2025年11月，神舟二十二号飞船从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，并成功与天宫空间站对接。 · 重点： 这是一个简单句，但包含并列谓语和被动语态。主语是 the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft，谓语由 was launched 和 （was）docked 两个并列的动词构成，and 连接。was launched 是一般过去时的被动语态，强调飞船“被发射”；docked with 是主动形式，意为“与……对接”。from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center 是地点状语，说明发射地点。这句话用被动语态客观陈述了中国航天的一项具体成就，是本段从“人类整体”聚焦到“中国贡献”的关键句。 【中文翻译】 太空是地球之外最广阔、最神秘的地方。几千年来，人类一直梦想着探索未知的宇宙。我们持续探索太空，有着重要的原因。 第一，太空探索帮助我们更多地了解宇宙和我们自己的星球。它让我们知道恒星、行星和太阳系是如何运作的。第二，探索太空推动现代科技的发展。许多新的发明和技术是为太空任务而创造的，最终服务于我们的日常生活。第三，太空探索给人类以未来的希望。它让我们能够寻找新的生存资源，以及有朝一日可能成为人类新家园的地方。 迄今为止，人类已经取得了巨大的进步。我们把火箭和卫星送入太空，登上了月球，向遥远的行星发射了无人探测器。中国的太空计划也在快速推进。2025年11月，神舟二十二号飞船从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，并成功与天宫空间站对接。这是中国载人航天工程首次无人应急发射，展示了中国在太空中快速响应问题的能力。 然而，太空极其广阔，无边无际。太阳系之外最近的恒星在4.2光年之外，远远超出了我们目前所能到达的范围。与整个宇宙相比，我们的脚步仍然很小。我们还有很长的路要走。随着技术的不断进步，人类必将走得更远，解开宇宙更多的秘密。 一、阅读理解 Passage A Can you believe students from high school built a real rocket? Not a toy, a rocket that flew more than 10,000 meters! Meet Wang Yuning, the teen (青少年) who made it happen. Wang Yuning showed interest in space from an early age. Watching the Shenzhou IX launch (发射) when he was very young made him excited about rockets. After that, he borrowed every space book he could find at the library. In high school, with the help of teachers, ▲. “My friends and I drew rockets on paper together and dreamed of making a real rocket,” Wang said. His dream started to take shape in June 2024. Wang became the chief (首席的) designer of the “Feiyan-1” sounding rocket. Teens from Shenzhen, Beijing and other cities worked together on it. First, they went to a space science centre in Beijing to learn how rockets work. Then, they returned to their schools and used their free time to work on the rocket. Just like real rocket scientists, they designed, tested, made rocket parts, put them together and checked everything carefully. On May 27, 2025, their hard work paid off. Each of them stood in Lenghu, Qinghai and held their breath. When they saw the “Feiyan-1” rocket successfully lift off (起飞), they cheered loudly! The rocket reached 10,555.7 meters high! It had four main parts, and it collected some important weather information. “Seeing it flying in the sky is the happiest moment I’ve ever experienced,” Wang said, smiling from ear to ear. Wang and his friends show us that if we love something, we can make great things happen. Dreams don’t care how old we are—they just need our heart and hard work. So go ahead! We can reach for the stars! 1．What sentence can be put in ▲ in the second paragraph? A．he collected some important space information B．he made a real rocket and let it fly into the sky C．he started a space club to share his interests with others 2．What does the phrase “paid off” probably mean in the fourth paragraph? A．Led to problems. B．Cost much money. C．Brought good results. 3．What can we know about the “Feiyan-1” rocket? A．It flew to a height of over 10,000 meters. B．It was designed by Wang Yuning alone. C．It is a toy rocket made by high school students. 4．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．High school students should all join space clubs. B．The “Feiyan-1” rocket is important for weather research. C．With love and hard work, we can make our dreams come true. Passage B Have you ever dreamed of travelling to space? For most people, this is just a wild dream. But for astronauts, it is a reality. Astronauts are people who travel to space to carry out scientific research and complete space missions. They need to have strong physical fitness, excellent knowledge and great courage. To become an astronaut, one must go through strict training. The training is very hard and challenging. Astronauts need to exercise for hours every day to keep their bodies strong. They also need to learn a lot of knowledge, including physics, chemistry, astronomy and engineering. In addition, they need to practise dealing with emergency situations, such as spacecraft malfunctions (故障) and sudden changes in the space environment. Life in space is very different from that on Earth. Astronauts live in a microgravity (微重力) environment, which means they can float in the air. This makes everyday tasks, such as eating, drinking and sleeping, very different. For example, astronauts eat special space food that is easy to store, carry and eat in a zero-gravity environment. They sleep in sleeping-bags that are fixed to the wall to prevent floating away. Astronauts also have to work hard in space. They carry out scientific experiments, maintain the space station and collect data about space. They work closely with each other and with the team on Earth. Teamwork is very important for the success of a space mission. Without teamwork, it is impossible to complete difficult tasks in space. Despite the challenges, being an astronaut is a great honour. Astronauts help humans learn more about space and push forward the development of space exploration. They are heroes who dedicate themselves to science and human progress. Their stories inspire millions of young people to pursue their dreams and learn more about the universe. 1．Which sentence uses “fix” with the same meaning as the underlined word in the passage? fix //fɪks/ v. ①修理 ②固定 ③确定、决定 ④安排、组织 A．He is trying to fix his broken bike. B．Please fix the rope on the tree. C．We have fixed the date for our trip. D．I will fix a meeting for you tomorrow. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Most people will realize their space-travelling dreams in the near future. B．Sleeping bags for astronauts are specially made to keep them warm in space. C．A space mission can hardly succeed without good teamwork. D．Students may show more interest in space and even want to be astronauts. 3．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call on teenagers to become astronauts in the future. B．To introduce astronauts’ requirements, training, life, work and value. C．To explain why space exploration is full of difficulties. D．To show the latest achievements of space science research. 4．What is the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage C On Earth, we use bricks (砖块) to build houses, but what about building things on the moon? We use “lunar bricks”, of course! Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a research station on the moon. To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤). The bricks are more than three times stronger than normal red bricks. They also have special structures, which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together. Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil composition (成分) and used three ways to harden them. In this way they could choose the best materials for making the bricks. “Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon,” Zhou said. “For example, one of the kinds tested simulates (模拟) the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang’e-5, which is mainly basalt (玄武岩).” The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme (极端的) environment. Quakes often happen there. And it gets as hot as 180℃ during the day and as cold as -190℃ at night. The lunar bricks have been sent to China’s space station on the “Tianzhou-8” spacecraft. There, scientists carried out tests to see how well the bricks work in space. The first bricks returned to Earth on November 14th, 2025. 1．Which properly shows the strength comparison of lunar bricks and red bricks? A． B． C． 2．How did scientists find the best materials for making lunar bricks? A．They learned about lunar soil from scientific reports. B．They compared different bricks used widely nowadays. C．They did many tests on simulated lunar soil and treated it in different ways. 3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．The introduction of China’s “Tianzhou-8” spacecraft. B．The reasons why lunar bricks need to be tested in space. C．The temperature difference on the moon between day and night. 4．What is most probably the structure of the passage? A． B． C． Passage D China is making great progress in rocket technology. CAST, the country’s leading space organization, is working to develop two reusable rocket models. These rockets can fly more than once, which helps save money and makes space travel easier. Jiang Jie, a senior researcher at CAST, said that reusable rockets are the only way to make heavy-lift and affordable travel to space possible. The major difference between the two models lies in their recovery (回收) methods. One way is to land on the ground. The first part of the rocket lands straight down on a special site and stands on its own legs. The other method uses a large net on a ship at sea. Since the rocket is caught by the net, landing legs are unnecessary. Scientists shared these details in Beijing last week. Now, those plans are starting to take shape. Last month, China carried out an important test, in which a new rocket was sent up, and then it used its engines (引擎) to fly back and landed safely in the South China Sea. It was the first time a Chinese rocket returned successfully. Earlier this year, China also completed ground tests of the net-catching system. Although only the US has reusable rockets in service so far, China is working hard to become the second country to achieve this. To reach this goal, Jiang said that in the coming months, CAST will carry out the first test to catch the rocket with a net. The team is working hard to make breakthroughs (突破) in key technologies. Reusable rockets will bring great benefits to China. The scientist said they will help send more things into space at a lower cost. They will also help scientists get experience for building even bigger rockets in the future. With these advantages, China is ready to take the next step. Besides government efforts, many private companies in China are racing to build their own reusable rockets, eyeing orders from state-owned satellite operators (卫星运营商) that plan to build large networks in space. With their combined efforts, China is speeding up its space exploration, unlocking new technologies that will open up endless possibilities for humanity’s future journey among the stars. 1．Why is China developing reusable rockets? A．To make space travel cheaper and easier. B．To build more space stations. C．To send more astronauts into space. D．To compete with other countries. 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The two models are mainly different in speed. B．Both recovery methods require landing legs. C．Scientists use a large net on a ship to catch the rocket. D．The net-catching method requires a special site on the ground. 3．According to Paragraph 3, what has China achieved in reusable rocket technology? ①A rocket has managed to land safely in the South China Sea. ②China has become the second country with reusable rockets. ③China has completed ground tests of the net-catching system. ④China has succeeded in catching a rocket with a net. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 4．Which of the following shows the use of reusable rockets? A．Building rockets at a lower cost. B．Making sending rockets into space safer. C．Sending more things into space at a lower cost. D．Helping satellite operators avoid building networks in space. 二、阅读填空 Passage A 选择适当的选项补全短文，两项多余。 Many of us wonder what is in outer space. When we look up at the night sky, we see stars and the moon. 1 Now more countries are sending rockets and satellites into space and making it very crowded. Space junk comes from debris (残骸) from old rockets or satellites. More than 30,000 pieces of space debris are larger than 10 cm. There are also millions of smaller pieces. 2 They could even hit other active satellites. The pieces could bring danger to astronauts in spaceships too. 3 Then what should we do? 4 That seems impossible because they are important to humans in many ways. Scientists are working on ways to help clean up space junk. For example, new technologies could be used. There could be rules for sending satellites into space. And old satellites could be taken out of space. 5 Scientists hope that every country can take the problem seriously and play a part in cleaning up space junk. A．But one thing we don’t see is pieces of junk in space. B．These ways will be helpful to solve the problem. C．Can we stop sending satellites or rockets into space? D．These pieces of junk are all from broken spaceships. E．In the future, a piece of space junk might even fall from the sky to Earth and hit humans. F．The pieces can be very dangerous because they are moving so fast. G．We should build more satellites to study space better. Passage B 阅读填空。阅读短文及文后A-E选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 Students across China recently attended a special science class. It was not taught in a school classroom but given from the Tiangong space station, about 400 kilometres above the Earth. Three Chinese astronauts, also known as taikonauts, gave the lesson. 1 They showed how they live, work and carry out experiments in microgravity. During the lesson, the astronauts performed several interesting experiments. 2 For example, they put a small steel ball into a water balloon. Instead of falling to the bottom, the ball stayed where it was, and the water around it formed a round ball. They also placed a tablet into a water ball and watched it create many bubbles. These simple experiments helped students see how differently objects behave in space. The students on Earth were amazed by what they saw. They had many questions. 3 This was not China’s first space lesson. In 2013, astronauts gave a similar lesson from space. 4 But this time, the class covered more subjects, including physics, biology and medicine, and used more advanced equipment. The astronauts also invited students to take part in some simple experiments on the ground so that they could compare the results. In this way, the lesson became more interactive than the earlier one. The space lesson is of great value to students. It helps them understand science in a lively and direct way. 5 Many students said the lesson made them want to learn more about space and even become scientists or astronauts in the future. A．During the lesson, the astronauts also answered questions from students on the ground. B．It also encourages young people to take a greater interest in science. C．The lesson was watched by millions of students on TV or online. D．That earlier lesson focused mainly on basic physics. E．They used simple everyday objects to explain how physics works in space. Passage C 阅读短文，把下列选项中的句子按顺序还原到短文中，使文章完整通顺，其中有一项是多余的。 The first people to go into space only went for short trips to see what it was like. 1 We all know that living in space is very different from living on the Earth. So, what’s astronauts’ daily life like? Astronauts brush their teeth in the normal way as we do, but there is a difference! On the International Space Station (ISS), there is no gravity like on the Earth, so everything including the water and toothpaste floats around. 2 The toothpaste astronauts use can be swallowed after they brush their teeth and the mouth is then cleaned with a wet paper napkin. Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the health of the astronauts. 3 For example, American astronaut John Young took a sandwich into space in 1965. It almost caused a great accident. If its tiny pieces had got into spacecraft’s electronics, it could have caused serious problems. 4 Without gravity, people will have lots of health problems such as bone and muscle loss. So, there is a running machine and a special exercise bicycle on the ISS. Astronauts have to do at least 2 hours of exercise every day to keep in good shape. There are also some pulleys (滑轮) and ropes. 5 A．So astronauts’ food is specially prepared. B．However, not all the food can be taken to space. C．All these help them maintain the condition of their bones and muscles. D．Today astronauts can spend weeks or even months living and working in space. E．They have to do it with their mouths closed to prevent the toothpaste floating out! F．We should prepare healthy food for the astronauts. 三、完形填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In May 2026, the Shenzhou-23 spacecraft successfully docked with the Tiangong space station. Three Chinese astronauts entered their new home in space, beginning a six-month 1 . Living in a space station is exciting, but it brings many challenges. In space, astronauts are weightless. They float around, so their bodies can easily become 2 if they do not exercise every day. For this reason, each astronaut spends about two hours on running machines and bicycles daily. Eating is another challenge. Food must be specially 3 so that it will not float away in small pieces. Water is even more precious. In Tiangong, more than 90 percent of the water is 4 through an advanced recycling system. “Every drop counts,” one astronaut said. Besides scientific experiments, the astronauts also give lessons to students on Earth. During a live class, they showed 5 water forms a ball in space and how plants grow without soil. Millions of students watched the class 6 and asked questions. Why do we spend so much time and money exploring space? A scientist gave three reasons: to understand the universe, to develop new 7 that can help life on Earth, and to search for resources in the far future. China’s space programme has made great achievements, but the journey has just 8 . In the coming years, more astronauts will be 9 to the moon, and a lunar research station will be built. As one student wrote in his diary: “Space is vast, but with courage and hard work, humans will 10 the stars one day.” 1．A．holiday B．mission C．meeting D．course 2．A．weak B．heavy C．blind D．clever 3．A．eaten B．grown C．prepared D．found 4．A．wasted B．bought C．hidden D．recycled 5．A．when B．how C．where D．why 6．A．carelessly B．angrily C．silently D．eagerly 7．A．technologies B．languages C．hobbies D．games 8．A．begun B．ended C．stopped D．failed 9．A．carried B．pushed C．called D．sent 10．A．reach B．leave C．lose D．forget Passage B 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Can you believe high school students built a REAL rocket? Not a toy, but a rocket that flew over 10,000 metres! Wang Yuning is one of the teens who made it happen. Wang Yuning showed interest in space from a(n) 1 age. Watching the Shenzhou IX 2 on TV when he was very young made him excited about rockets. In high school, with his teachers’ help, he started a space 3 to share his interests with other members. “We 4 rockets on paper and dreamed of making a real one,” Wang said. His dream started to take shape in June 2024. Wang became a team 5 of the “Feiyan-1” sounding rocket (探空火箭). Teens from Shenzhen, Beijing and other cities 6 each other. First, they went to a space science centre in Beijing to learn how rockets work. Then, they returned to their schools and used their 7 time to work on the rocket. On May 27, 2025, their hard work paid off. When they saw the “Feiyan-1” rocket 8 take off, you can’t imagine how excited they were. The rocket reached 10,555.7 metres 9 ! It collected some important weather information. “Seeing it fly is the happiest moment I’ve ever experienced. I’ll never 10 it,” Wang said, smiling from ear to ear. Wang and his friends show us that if we love something, we can make great things happen. So go ahead! We can reach for the stars! 1．A．late B．middle C．old D．early 2．A．make B．launch C．repair D．finish 3．A．school B．museum C．club D．factory 4．A．controlled B．drew C．covered D．read 5．A．member B．guide C．keeper D．expert 6．A．looked at B．agreed with C．smiled at D．cooperated with 7．A．spare B．hard C．busy D．happy 8．A．difficultly B．suddenly C．successfully D．silently 9．A．wide B．long C．deep D．high 10．A．forget B．imagine C．doubt D．believe Passage C 阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 As a Chinese, every time I see China’s national flag, my heart is filled with strong 1 . On June 4, the Chang’e-6 probe (探测仪) 2 our national flag on the far side of the moon. This is the first national flag to fly there. The flag is special because it is made from Xuanwu rock. It is really 3 that common rock can be changed into such a light and strong flag. Scientists crushed and melted the rock, then made it into tiny threads (线). They are much softer and finer than human hair. 4 hard work, they finally wove these threads to make a flag about the size of A4 paper. Space travel is never easy 5 the space environment is terrible. Astronauts need strict training to get used to 6 conditions in space. Scientists believe that humans will 7 more unknown places in space in the future. Now, China is working with other countries to 8 the mysteries of the universe. New space reports will come out to let the whole world know our space achievements. More powerful rockets will be sent to the moon to 9 further research. Space exploration needs global teamwork. It is important for all countries to 10 and make progress side by side. 1．A．pride B．confidence C．trust D．satisfaction 2．A．put up B．put away C．put off D．put out 3．A．strange B．boring C．amazing D．terrible 4．A．Without B．Through C．Against D．Except 5．A．so B．but C．because D．until 6．A．special B．simple C．smooth D．safe 7．A．discover B．invent C．create D．produce 8．A．discover B．explore C．uncover D．research 9．A．carry out B．set out C．work out D．put out 10．A．compete B．cooperate C．compare D．complain 四、任务型阅读 Passage A 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2? (no more than ten words) . 2．Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3?  (no more than ten words) . 3．How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? (no more than ten words) . 4．What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? (no more than three words) . 5．What could be the best title of the passage?  (no more than ten words) . Passage B Now, life has changed a lot. It may be difficult to predict the future, but many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Well, what problems will we need to solve before preparing to go to Mars? First of all, transport should be much better. At present, humans need to spend a few months going to Mars by spaceship. However, by 2100, spaceships can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get there! Moreover, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food, water and air that we need. However, there is no solution to all the problems yet. There is also a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there. We will have to wear special shoes to make ourselves heavier. In some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth today. Food will not be the same—meals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will probably make many people feel very uncomfortable. 1．When will we probably live on Mars? 2．At present, how long does it take us from Earth to Mars by spaceship? 3．What can the plants grown on Mars do for humans? 4．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 5．Write an ending sentence for the passage.  (不超过15 个词) Passage C 阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。 Beyond Earth, the moon is an attractive place that many people are interested in. It has been a long-cherished dream for humans to explore the moon and uncover its secrets. In 2020, China’s Chang’e-5 probe completed China’s first lunar sample collection and return mission, bringing back precious lunar soil samples. In 2024, Chang’e-6 made a great success—it completed the world’s first sample collection and return mission from the far side of the moon. In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang’e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there. These great achievements are not accidents, but the results of Chinese scientists’ hard work, careful preparation and unremitting efforts. The precious samples help us know more about the moon’s origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from the far side of the moon are unique and have provided new clues for moon research. Chinese scientists keep working hard on space exploration. No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon, aiming to find out more secrets and promote the development of space science. Exploring space is not an easy job, but it is of great significance. It can help us learn more about the vast universe and make more scientific progress. What’s more, it encourages teenagers to love science, keep curious and pursue their dreams bravely. 1．What does China plan to do with Chang’e-7 in 2026? 2．Why are the lunar samples from Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 important for scientists? 3．What spirit do Chinese scientists show in space exploration? How can students use this spirit in study? 4．What is the main topic of this passage? (no more than 4 words) 5．Do you want to work in the space field in the future? Why or why not? $