Unit 1 Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension（Word课后习题）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册学生用书（人教版）

Unit 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Period One　Reading and Thinking—Comprehension ●Ⅰ 品句识词(写出黑体词或词块的汉语意思) (每小题1分,满分3分) 1.Caffeine, a substance found in coffee and some soft drinks, is also a drug. 　　　　　  2.It is believed that seals came out when our ancestors had private property. 　　　　　  3.During the expedition, the team collected several botanical samples for further research and analysis. 　　　　　  ●Ⅱ 单词拼写(每小题1分,满分10分) 1.As is known to all, talent and hard work are both 　　　　　　(至关重要的) to career success.  2.It is necessary for us to have a(n) 　　　　　(客观的) attitude towards life.  3.The 　　　　　　(尽责的) teacher stayed after school to help students who were struggling with their assignments.  4.Only if you make efforts to fulfill the task can you be 　　　　　　(承认) to be excellent.  5.The waiter handed me a menu, but it was 　　　　　　(主要地) written in Chinese, whose characters were completely beyond my comprehension.  6.The two paintings have 　　　　　　(有区别的)styles. One is full of bold and vivid colours, while the other features soft and delicate colours.  7.So long as we 　　　　　　(击败) the other team, we’ll become the champion.  8.New students will 　　　　　　(获得) their library membership when registering for college.  9.Parents often worry about their children’s 　　　　　　(学业的) performance and how it will affect their future opportunities.  10.The team are working hard to 　　　　　　(分析) the problem so that they can find the best solution.  ●Ⅲ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分10分) 1.The gold medal will 　　　　　　　　　(被授予) whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.  2.Our school carried out an activity to 　　　　　　　　(与……做斗争) white pollution and develop a green community yesterday.  3.She found the missing key 　　　　　　(偶然地,碰巧) under the sofa when cleaning.  4.My mum 　　　　　　(坚持) driving me to the airport, even though I said I could take the subway.  5.Last week, she 　　　　　　(提取,取出)some money from her savings account to cover the unexpected expenses.  ●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分) [2026·湖南多校联考高二期中] Yang Chen-Ning, one of the most influential physicists of the 20th century and the first Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize, died in Beijing at the age of 103. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, in 1922. His father, Yang Wu-Chih, was a mathematics professor at Tsinghua University. The young Yang grew up on the Tsinghua campus, immersed in books and ideas that would shape his future. In 1957, Yang and fellow theoretical physicist Lee Tsung-Dao were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their parity violation theory (宇称不守恒定律). The finding overturned one of physics’ long-held assumptions and reshaped our understanding of nature’s laws. The Nobel Committee praised“their profound investigation…which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles”. Beyond his technical achievements, Yang’s scientific journey was guided by a profound sense of the aesthetic (美学) of thought. In his essay collection, he reflected on the British physicist Paul Dirac, whose ideas, Yang wrote, were“captivating”. He described Dirac’s writings as “clear as autumn water, unstained by dust”, with not a trace of waste. Following Dirac’s reasoning, he said, always felt marvellous (非凡的), leading to insights no one could have imagined beforehand. To Yang, the Dirac equation was nothing short of a revelation—an expression of both scientific precision and poetic beauty. After decades in the United States, Yang began visiting China more frequently in the 1990s.In 1999, he accepted a professorship at Tsinghua University, where he helped establish the Institute for Advanced Study and raised funds to support young scientists. Even in his eighties and nineties, Yang continued to teach undergraduates and take part in research. Colleagues remember his authority and deep curiosity. He believed education was not only about passing on knowledge, but about inspiring wonder—the same sense of wonder that had driven his own life’s work. (　)1.For what was Yang awarded the Nobel Prize? A.A remarkable discovery. B.A practical invention. C.A profound investigation. D.A long-held assumption. (　)2.What did Yang think of Paul Dirac’s equation? A.Clear yet time-consuming. B.Abstract yet inspiring. C.Exact and beautiful. D.Complex yet insightful. (　)3.What did Yang believe was an important part of education? A.Encouraging students to challenge authority. B.Motivating students to learn actively. C.Cultivating students’ problem-solving abilities. D.Training students to work independently. (　)4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Secrets behind the Nobel Prize B.A scientist’s devotion to his motherland C.Brilliant discovery of physics D.A physicist of beauty and curiosity ●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) [2026·浙江温州高二期中考试] Achievers—those leaving marks in science, art, or social change—rarely succeed by accident. Beyond talent, their success comes from mindsets anyone can choose, not just “geniuses”. 1.　　　　 Take Nobel winner Tu Youyou for example. Tasked with finding a malaria treatment, she faced scattered ancient records, poor labs, and repeated extraction failures. Yet she persisted—studying traditional medicine, adjusting methods, and testing the drug on herself—finally discovering artemisinin and saving millions.  Another key mindset is learning from mistakes. Everyone errs, but achievers don’t stop. 2.　　　　 Walt Disney’s first animation company went bankrupt, and he was fired for “lacking imagination”. But he analysed errors, adjusted his approach, and refined his work. 3.　　　　  4.　　　　 Achievers have a clear vision of what they want to accomplish and stick to it, even when progress is slow. Primatologist Jane Goodall aimed to understand and protect chimpanzees. She lived in Africa’s Gombe Stream National Park for decades, enduring loneliness, harsh weather, and scientists’ doubt, but stayed focused. She changed how the world sees chimpanzees and inspired conservation.  Finally, achievers understand that success is rarely a solo journey. 5.　　　　 Whether it’s a mentor who guides them, a team that supports their ideas, or a community that believes in their mission, these connections provide the strength and resources to turn dreams into reality.  A.It’s easy to step back when difficulties arise, but they choose to move forward. B.Errors are not failures to them—they are stepping stones towards progress. C.They recognize that reaching their best requires support from people around them. D.Many achievers start with nothing but a dream and a lot of hard work. E.Holding firm to long-term goals, even in slow progress, matters greatly too. F.Such persistence in turning setbacks into fuel is what makes his story inspiring. G.Achievers don’t let challenges block their way; they embrace them. ●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) [2026·湖北部分示范高中高二期中考试] Jane Goodall, born on April 3, 1934, in London, England, is a well-known British biologist and environmental activist, 1.　　　 life-long work helped broaden the world’s understanding of animal behaviour and emotions.   In July 1960, at the age of 26, Jane Goodall travelled from England to Tanzania, Africa and entered the little-known world of wild chimpanzees. 2.　　　　　　 (equip) with little more than a notebook and her interest in wildlife, Jane explored the unknown to give the world a 3.　　　　　　 (remark) window into humankind’s closest living relatives.   Beyond her scientific contributions, Jane Goodall is also 4.　　　　 passionate advocate for environmental conservation and animal welfare. Through her numerous books, lectures and documentaries, she has inspired countless people around the world 5.　　　　 (care) about the natural world and take action to protect it.   Jane Goodall visited China for the 17th time from November 30th to December 4th, 2024. She participated 6.　　　　　　 the recording of the science and culture interview programme Beichen Dialogue, which 7.　　　　　　 (create) by Yangshipin (China Media Group’s video platform) and the China Science and Technology Museum. Her 8.　　　　　　 (visit) to the Chinese mainland play an important role in promoting cross-cultural exchanges and the spread of conservation concept.  Jane Goodall passed away on October 1st, 2025 due to natural causes in California. “Goodall worked 9.　　　　　　 (tireless) for our planet and all its inhabitants, 10.　　　　 (leave) an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature,” the UN said as it mourned her death.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1　 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Period One　Reading and Thinking—Comprehension Ⅰ.1.物质　2.私人财产　3.植物的 Ⅱ.1.crucial/vital　2.objective　3.committed 4.acknowledged　5.mostly　6.distinct　7.defeat 8.obtain　9.academic　10.analyse Ⅲ.1.be awarded to　2.fight against　3.by chance/by accident 　4.insisted on　5.drew out Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇人物介绍。文章主要介绍了物理学家杨振宁的一生与贡献。文章记述了他从少年时代接触科学、到获得诺贝尔奖,再到晚年回到中国推动科研与教育的经历。文章呈现了杨振宁作为科学家的卓越成就和他对科学之美的独特理解。 1.A　推理判断题。根据第三段“The finding overturned one of physics’ long-held assumptions and reshaped our understanding of nature’s laws.”(他们的这一发现推翻了物理学长期以来的一项假设,重新塑造了我们对自然法则的理解。)可知,杨振宁被授予诺贝尔奖是因为一个了不起的发现。故选A。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段“To Yang, the Dirac equation was nothing short of a revelation—an expression of both scientific precision and poetic beauty.”(对杨来说,狄拉克方程无疑是一场启示——既是科学精确性的体现,也是诗意美的表达。)可知,杨振宁认为保罗·狄拉克的方程精确且美丽。故选C。 3.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“He believed education was not only about passing on knowledge, but about inspiring wonder—the same sense of wonder that had driven his own life’s work.”可知,杨振宁认为教育的重要组成部分是激励学生主动学习。故选B。 4.D　主旨大意题。文章主要讲了杨振宁作为科学家的一生,第二、三段讲他的出生和获得诺贝尔奖的经历,第四段讲杨振宁的科学经历受到了很深的美学思想的影响,最后两段着重讲的是杨振宁回国后的贡献和在教育方面的付出。所以选项D“A physicist of beauty and curiosity”(一个美丽与好奇心并存的物理学家)作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了成功者的成功并非偶然,也不只是源于天赋,更在于可选择的四种心态:勇于直面挑战、从错误中学习、坚守长期目标、借助他人支持,这些心态助力他们达成目标。 1.G　前文“Beyond talent, their success comes from mindsets anyone can choose, not just ‘geniuses’.”总述成功者的成功源于可选择的心态,后文“Take Nobel winner Tu Youyou for example.Tasked…”展现屠呦呦面对“零散古籍、简陋实验室、反复失败”等困境仍坚持不懈。G项“Achievers don’t let challenges block their way; they embrace them.”承接前文“心态”核心,引出后文屠呦呦直面困境的具体案例。故选G项。 2.B　前文“Another key mindset is learning from mistakes. Everyone errs, but achievers don’t stop.”提出第二个核心心态“从错误中学习”,后文“Walt Disney’s first animation company went bankrupt, and he was fired for ‘lacking imagination’. But he…his work.”以迪士尼为例,说明他在破产、被解雇等挫折的基础上调整方法。B 项“Errors are not failures to them—they are stepping stones towards progress.”阐释了“从错误中学习”的内涵,承接前文观点,为后文迪士尼的案例做铺垫,逻辑连贯。故选B项。 3.F　前文“Walt Disney’s first animation company went bankrupt, and he was fired for ‘lacking imagination’. But he analysed errors, adjusted his approach, and refined his work.”详细讲述迪士尼将错误转化为动力、不断精进的经历,F项“Such persistence in turning setbacks into fuel is what makes his story inspiring.”是对前文案例的总结,明确本段“从错误中学习”的核心,使案例与观点紧密衔接。故选F项。 4.E　后文“Primatologist Jane Goodall aimed to understand and protect chimpanzees. She lived in Africa’s Gombe Stream National Park for decades, enduring loneliness, harsh weather, and scientists’ doubt, but stayed focused.”以简·古道尔为例,强调她数十年坚守研究黑猩猩的目标,即便面临孤独、恶劣环境和质疑也始终专注。E项“Holding firm to long-term goals, even in slow progress, matters greatly too.”提出第三个核心心态“专注长期目标”,与后文简·古道尔的案例精准匹配,引出下文。故选E项。 5.C　前文“Finally, achievers understand that success is rarely a solo journey.”提出第四个核心心态“成功并非孤军奋战”,C项“They recognize that reaching their best requires support from people around them.”阐释了该心态的内涵,后文“导师指导、团队支持、社区信任”均是对“身边人支持”的具体说明,使观点与后文解释形成闭环。故选C项。 Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国著名生物学家和环保活动家简·古道尔的生平事迹、科学贡献、环保倡导以及她对中国的影响。 1.whose　考查定语从句。此句是非限制性定语从句,先行词a well-known British biologist and environmental activist指人,在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词短语life-long work,应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 2.Equipped　考查非谓语动词。此句是非谓语作伴随状语,equip与其逻辑主语Jane之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动;句首单词首字母大写。故填Equipped。 3.remarkable　考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词window,用形容词remarkable,意为“非凡的,引人注目的”。故填remarkable。 4.a　考查冠词。此处表示“一位热衷于环保和动物福利的倡导者”,表示泛指,且passionate的发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 5.to care　考查非谓语动词。句意:通过她的众多书籍、讲座和纪录片,她激励了世界各地无数人关心自然世界并采取行动保护它。inspire sb to do sth是固定搭配,意为“激励某人做某事”,用不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to care。 6.in　考查介词。participate in是固定搭配,意为“参加……”。故填in。 7.was created　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作定语从句的谓语,create与主语which (指代先行词the science and culture interview programme Beichen Dialogue) 之间是被动关系,讲述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语是单数,谓语动词也用单数形式。故填was created。 8.visits　考查名词复数。可数名词visit作主语,意为“访问”,结合谓语动词play可知,主语用复数形式。故填visits。 9.tirelessly　考查副词。修饰动词worked,用副词tirelessly作状语,意为“不知疲倦地”。故填tirelessly。 10.leaving　考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语作结果状语,leave与其逻辑主语Goodall之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填leaving。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $