精品解析：河南周口市沈丘县付井镇郭岗中学2026年秋季学期九年级英语期中测试（B卷）

(外研版) 2026年秋季学期九年级英语期中测试 (B卷) (满分120分, 考试时间100分钟) 一、听力理解(20小题,每小题1分,共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. What kind of changes are the two speakers talking about? A. Changes in transportation. B. Changes in medical care. C. Changes in education. 2. What can the boy do with old clothes according to the girl? A. Throw them. B. Reuse them. C. Sell them. 3. How much did the first mobile phone cost? A. Nearly $2,000. B. Nearly $3,000. C. Nearly $4,000. 4. What does the boy’s mother think is great? A. Ordering food online. B. Having cooking robots. C. Having time to cook. 5. What’s Xiaoyu’s bag made from? A. Cotton. B. Plastic. C. Silk. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话, 回答问题。 6. What does the boy want to invent? A. Something to cook quickly. B. Something to clean the ocean. C. Something to help washing. 7. What quality has the boy already had? A. Patience. B. Kindness. C. Creativity. 听下面一段对话, 回答两个小题。 8. What are the two speakers talking about? A. An old picture of the town. B. An old picture of themselves. C. A new photo of the school. 9. What may the boy do in his spare time after talking with the girl? A. Stay at home. B. Watch tennis matches. C. Play tennis. 听下面一段独白, 回答问题。 10. Which of the following does Chenchen’s father not love? A. The smell of the pages. B. The feeling of turning the pages. C. The feeling of holding a book in hand. 11. What does Chenchen especially like about reading? A. Joining a reading club. B. Listening to audiobooks. C. Reading in the library. 12. Who does Chenchen share the same hobby—cooking—with? A. Her mother. B. Her friend. C. Her elder sister. 听下面一段对话, 回答问题。 13. When did the first umbrellas appear? A. Over 4,000 years ago. B. Over 3,800 years ago. C. Over 3,500 years ago. 14. Where were umbrellas used to protect people from the rain in the 16th century? A. Europe. B. Asia. C. Africa. 15. Which changes regarding (关于) umbrellas brought about by technology were not talked about? A. The shapes of umbrellas. B. The functions of umbrellas. C. The value of umbrellas. 第三节 你将听到一篇短文。请用你所听到的内容, 填写表格中所缺单词, 每空限填一词或一个数字。短文读两遍。 Changes about 16. _____________ In the past ·Teachers used blackboards and chalk to write lessons. ·Students read textbooks only. ·Students depended on 17. ____________to learn more. In the modern era ·In many schools, students use 18. ____________in class. They can watch videos and take online courses. ·Learning has become more interesting and 19. ____________. Opinions ·The importance o goo 20. ____________remains. 二、阅读理解 (20小题, 每小题2分, 共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料, 然后按文后要求做题。 A Mafeisan—China Before Hua Tuo, operations were very painful. He invented Mafeisan, a special anesthetic (麻醉剂). After taking it with wine, patients felt no pain when having operations. It was a great way to stop pain. Pizza Margherita—Italy In 1889, an Italian cook made a special pizza for the Queen. He used tomatoes, cheese, and basil (罗勒) to match the Italian flag. The Queen loved it. People still call it Pizza Margherita today. Potato Chips—the USA Potato chips were invented by accident in 1853. A cook cut potatoes very thin to teach a picky (挑剔的) customer a lesson. To his surprise, the customer loved them. Soon, chips became popular all over America. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What should Mafeisan be taken with? A. Cold water. B. Wine. C. Vinegar. D. Warm water. 2. When did Pizza Margherita first appear? A. In 1888. B. In 1889. C. In 1890. D. In 1893. 3. Why did the cook cut potatoes very thin? A. To teach a picky customer a lesson. B. To make potatoes more delicious. C. To make it easier for children to eat. D. To meet the customer’s needs. 4. How did the cook feel when he knew the customer loved potato chips? A. Upset. B. Disappointed. C. Angry. D. Surprised. 5. What is the text mainly about? A. Ways to make delicious food. B. Masters of traditional food. C. Stories about different inventions. D. Different cultures on food. B “Grandson, come here. Let me tell you how things have changed since I was young.” I climbed onto the old tree beside my grandpa. The forest was green and peaceful around us. “When I was a baby,” Grandpa began, “our home was much smaller. Many trees were cut down. We had to walk for days to find enough bamboo to eat. Sometimes we suffered from hunger.” My eyes grew wide. “Really, grandpa? But now there is bamboo everywhere!” Grandpa smiled. “Yes, because humans found better ways to protect forests. They planted new bamboo forests just for us.” “What about those nice people who bring us apples?” I asked. “They appeared when I grew older. At first, I was scared of humans. But these people protected us from danger and made sure we had enough food. They also helped us live better.” І munched (大口咀嚼) on a bamboo shoot (竹笋). “Do you remember what you did for fun back then?” “We played too, but not like today. Now you have those wooden platforms (平台). And remember last month when those students came with cameras? They were studying how we live. Their teacher said we are no longer ‘endangered’—we are now ‘vulnerable (易危的)’. That means we are safer!” “That’s good news!” “Yes, because humans have learned to share living space with wild animals and protect the earth. They use less paper to save trees. They pick up waste in the forest.” Grandpa looked at the rising sun, “Our world has changed because humans have changed. They invent, they protect, because they care.” I thought for a moment, “So if we take care of the earth, the earth will take care of us?” “That’s right, dear. Remember, every bamboo shoot you eat is a gift from people who choose to help.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6. What are the Grandpa and the Grandson most likely to be in the text? A. B. C. D. 7. What problem did the Grandpa face when he was young? A. The living space was not big enough. B. There was not enough bamboo to eat. C. The weather was too hot to survive. D. People hunted them. 8. Which opinion may the Grandpa and his grandson agree on according to the text? A. Their life is safer than before. B. Once hunger was their biggest problem. C. They are not as free as before. D. They should value food. 9. How did the Grandpa feel about humans in the end? A. Scared and stressed. B. Hopeful and thankful. C. Worried and angry. D. Disappointed and sad. 10. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A. To compare the eating habits of pandas. B. To show the history of bamboo forests. C. To tell a story about a grandpa and his grandson. D. To encourage people to protect the earth and share living space. C Every day, millions of tons of household waste are collected from cities across China. In the past, most of the waste ended up in landfills, taking up the valuable land and polluting the environment. But today, something amazing has happened—waste is turned into electricity! So how does it work? First, workers collect and sort waste, picking out recyclable waste. Then, waste trucks take it to modern power plants (工厂). There, the waste is stored to remove extra water for burning better. Later, giant robotic hands grab up to 10 tons of waste at once and drop it into furnaces (火炉) heated to over 850℃. The heat turns water into steam, which drives turbines to produce electricity. Amazingly, the electricity from just one grab can power a family of three for a whole year! Burning waste also brings many other benefits. It reduces waste by 70% to 80%. It also creates green energy—a single plant in Hainan produces enough electricity for over 200,000 homes every year. What’s more, even the leftovers after burning are useful. They can be made into bricks or used for building roads. China is working hard to make better use of waste. It now has over 1,000 waste-to-energy plants, dealing with nearly 80% of city waste. The technology works so well that some cities actually “don’t have enough waste to burn”! Now, Chinese companies are helping other countries build similar plants. Today’s waste plants are nothing like the dirty, smelly places many people imagine. They are clean and beautifully designed. Some even have coffee shops on their observation stations. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Playing an amazing magic show. B. Throwing waste into landfills. C. Burning waste to reduce pollution. D. Changing waste into electricity. 12. What is the process of producing electricity from waste? A. By burning waste to make steam to drive turbines. B. By using solar energy to heat waste to make steam. C. By turning waste into hot oil to drive instruments. D. By using wind power to process waste to make steam. 13. By what percentage does burning waste reduce the total amount of waste? A. 10%-20%. B. 30%-40%. C. 50%-60%. D. 70%-80%. 14. Why do some cities in China “not have enough waste to burn”? A. Because people there are producing less waste. B. Because there’re many efficient waste plants in these cities. C. Because most of the waste is now recycled. D. Because they have stopped collecting waste. 15. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Creating a Greener World B. Visiting Modern Waste Plants C. Turning Waste into Treasure D. Dealing with Waste Wisely D Many students think creativity is only for artists and musicians. But that’s not true! Creativity is about thinking of new ideas and solving problems in smart ways. ____16____ Here are five easy ways to have a try. 1. Ask “What if” Questions Creative people are always curious. They like asking fun questions such as, “What if dogs could talk?” or “What if we had no electricity for a week?” ____17____ It helps you see the world differently. 2. Try a New Hobby Do you always do the same things after school? Try something new! Learn to cook a simple dish, try paper cutting, or even learn magic tricks. ____18____ You might discover a talent you never knew you had! 3. Keep an Idea Notebook Great ideas can come anytime—on the bus, during a walk, or even before bed! ____19____ Draw, write, or paste pictures in it. Later, you can look back and maybe turn a small idea into something big. 4. Play with Everyday Things Look at common objects around you. Can you use them in a new way? A cardboard box can become a robot costume. An old T-shirt can be made into a bag. It’s fun and good for the environment, too! 5. Don’t Be Afraid to Fail Thomas Edison failed many times before he invented the light bulb. He said he found over 1,000 ways that didn’t work! ____20____ Every mistake teaches you something. Keep trying and your creativity will grow. So, start today! Creativity is like a muscle—the more you use it, the stronger it gets. 根据材料内容, 从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Keep a small notebook with you to write down your ideas. B. This kind of thinking opens up your mind. C. The good news is you can practice it every day! D. When things don’t work out, don’t give up. E. New activities help your brain make fresh connections. 三、完形填空 (15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 When you carry a flat-bottomed paper bag, you are holding an invention over 150 years old. The story behind it is about a great female ____21____ with courage and wisdom. Margaret Knight was born in 1838. During her ____22____, she never played with dolls like other kids. “The only things that could draw my ____23____ were a knife and pieces of wood,” she said. When Margaret was 12, she designed a safety guard to protect workers ____24____ being injured by machines. Soon, many factories paid for her invention. But because she was ____25____ young to understand what patents (专利) were, she never made any money from it. Years later, Margaret worked at a paper bag company. At that time, all paper bags were made ____26____. Margaret believed a machine could do it faster and better. After three years’ hard work, she built a ____27____ model successfully. Later, a real metal machine was ____28____. However, her colleague (同事) Annan stole her invention. Instead of being sad and angry, Margaret ____29____. She sued (起诉). In court, Annan said, “ ____30____ a woman could never understand such a complex (复杂的) machine.” Margaret brought her wooden model and explained every part clearly. She proved him ____31____ and won the case. On July 11, 1871, she received her patent. Margaret ____32____ inventing, and came up with nearly 90 things and got 27 patents in her life. Newspapers called her “Lady Edison”. Her paper bag machine ____33____ the base for modern bag-making today. Margaret once said when she was ____34____, “I don’t care to be noticed. I like to produce results rather than talk about them.” ____35____ no medals were given to her when she was alive, she let her inventions speak for her. And they still do so whenever you carry a paper bag. 21. A. inventor B. lover C. worker D. journalist 22. A. neighborhood B. brotherhood C. childhood D. leisure 23. A. interest B. need C. effort D. honor 24. A. against B. without C. through D. from 25. A. too B. so C. very D. such 26. A. in person B. on time C. for free D. by hand 27. A. metal B. paper C. wooden D. plastic 28. A. worked B. changed C. shut D. completed 29. A. gave up B. shouted out C. took action D. did business 30. A. Probably B. Certainly C. Totally D. Recently 31. A. false B. correct C. stupid D. familiar 32. A. stopped B. kept C. enjoyed D. polluted 33. A. remains B. shows C. uses D. sorts 34. A. watched B. interviewed C. noticed D. recycled 35. A. Because B. And C. But D. Although 四、语篇填空 (15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 for that test from work use a safe correct in In recent years, fingerprint locks have become increasingly popular. Unlike traditional keys, these locks are used ____36____ recognizing the unique patterns on our fingers to open doors. Made of high- tech materials, each lock can store ____37____ set of different fingerprints. This means only authorized (被授权的) people can enter the house, which makes our homes much ____38____. Many people ____39____ to worry about losing keys or being locked out. Now, with fingerprint locks, we don’t have to worry about these problems anymore. We can just touch the sensor (传感器) with our fingers, and it can identify (识别) our fingerprints ____40____. Then the door opens in seconds. Some people are still a little bit worried about the safety of fingerprint locks. However, ____41____ prove that fingerprint locks can prevent bad people ____42____ copying our fingerprints. They can even keep ____43____ for a long time once charged (充电). ____44____ a word, fingerprint locks are changing the way we live. As technology improves, we believe ____45____ to protect our homes, more and more people will choose this kind of smart lock in the future. 第二节 阅读短文, 根据语篇要求填空, 使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you ever dreamed of being an inventor? Actually, inventors ____46____ often considered curious. Take Percy Spencer ____47____ an example. In 1945, while working with radar, he noticed a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted. Instead ____48____ ignoring it, he asked, “What happened?” His curiosity led to the microwave oven (微波炉). Today, microwaves are widely used. Every great invention starts with ____49____ question. Next time you hang ____50____, look around and ask: Who invented this? What did they ask? Curiosity changes the world. 五、补全对话 (5小题, 每小题2分, 共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Liangliang. I haven’t seen you for several days. _____________51_____________? B: I have been to my hometown. The environment there has changed a lot. A: _____________52_____________? B: It used to be terrible—dirty rivers and polluted air. But now, the government has taken measures to clean up the environment. They shut down the factories and planted many trees. A: _____________53_____________! B: Have you been to my hometown? A: _____________54_____________. B: Then, how about going there with me this summer vacation? It’s well worth visiting now. A: _____________55_____________. I’m looking forward to this trip. 六、书面表达 (20分) 56. 假设你是某校学生李华，近日你校英语社团开展了以“My Favourite Invention”为主题的征文活动。请你结合以下提示，用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍一项你最喜欢的发明。 写作提示： 1. What is your favourite invention? 2. Why do you like it? (Please list at least two reasons) 写作要求: 1. 文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数100左右。 My Favourite Invention _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ (外研版) 2026年秋季学期九年级英语期中测试 (B卷) (满分120分, 考试时间100分钟) 一、听力理解(20小题,每小题1分,共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1. What kind of changes are the two speakers talking about? A. Changes in transportation. B. Changes in medical care. C. Changes in education. 2. What can the boy do with old clothes according to the girl? A. Throw them. B. Reuse them. C. Sell them. 3. How much did the first mobile phone cost? A. Nearly $2,000. B. Nearly $3,000. C. Nearly $4,000. 4. What does the boy’s mother think is great? A. Ordering food online. B. Having cooking robots. C. Having time to cook. 5. What’s Xiaoyu’s bag made from? A. Cotton. B. Plastic. C. Silk. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话, 回答问题。 6. What does the boy want to invent? A. Something to cook quickly. B. Something to clean the ocean. C. Something to help washing. 7. What quality has the boy already had? A. Patience. B. Kindness. C. Creativity. 听下面一段对话, 回答两个小题。 8. What are the two speakers talking about? A. An old picture of the town. B. An old picture of themselves. C. A new photo of the school. 9. What may the boy do in his spare time after talking with the girl? A. Stay at home. B. Watch tennis matches. C. Play tennis. 听下面一段独白, 回答问题。 10. Which of the following does Chenchen’s father not love? A. The smell of the pages. B. The feeling of turning the pages. C. The feeling of holding a book in hand. 11. What does Chenchen especially like about reading? A. Joining a reading club. B. Listening to audiobooks. C. Reading in the library. 12. Who does Chenchen share the same hobby—cooking—with? A. Her mother. B. Her friend. C. Her elder sister. 听下面一段对话, 回答问题。 13. When did the first umbrellas appear? A. Over 4,000 years ago. B. Over 3,800 years ago. C. Over 3,500 years ago. 14. Where were umbrellas used to protect people from the rain in the 16th century? A. Europe. B. Asia. C. Africa. 15. Which changes regarding (关于) umbrellas brought about by technology were not talked about? A. The shapes of umbrellas. B. The functions of umbrellas. C. The value of umbrellas. 第三节 你将听到一篇短文。请用你所听到的内容, 填写表格中所缺单词, 每空限填一词或一个数字。短文读两遍。 Changes about 16. _____________ In the past ·Teachers used blackboards and chalk to write lessons. ·Students read textbooks only. ·Students depended on 17. ____________to learn more. In the modern era ·In many schools, students use 18. ____________in class. They can watch videos and take online courses. ·Learning has become more interesting and 19. ____________. Opinions ·The importance o goo 20. ____________remains. 二、阅读理解 (20小题, 每小题2分, 共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料, 然后按文后要求做题。 A Mafeisan—China Before Hua Tuo, operations were very painful. He invented Mafeisan, a special anesthetic (麻醉剂). After taking it with wine, patients felt no pain when having operations. It was a great way to stop pain. Pizza Margherita—Italy In 1889, an Italian cook made a special pizza for the Queen. He used tomatoes, cheese, and basil (罗勒) to match the Italian flag. The Queen loved it. People still call it Pizza Margherita today. Potato Chips—the USA Potato chips were invented by accident in 1853. A cook cut potatoes very thin to teach a picky (挑剔的) customer a lesson. To his surprise, the customer loved them. Soon, chips became popular all over America. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. What should Mafeisan be taken with? A. Cold water. B. Wine. C. Vinegar. D. Warm water. 2. When did Pizza Margherita first appear? A. In 1888. B. In 1889. C. In 1890. D. In 1893. 3. Why did the cook cut potatoes very thin? A. To teach a picky customer a lesson. B. To make potatoes more delicious. C. To make it easier for children to eat. D. To meet the customer’s needs. 4. How did the cook feel when he knew the customer loved potato chips? A. Upset. B. Disappointed. C. Angry. D. Surprised. 5. What is the text mainly about? A. Ways to make delicious food. B. Masters of traditional food. C. Stories about different inventions. D. Different cultures on food. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三个发明的故事：中国华佗发明的麻醉剂麻沸散、意大利为女王制作的玛格丽特披萨，以及美国厨师偶然发明的薯片。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“After taking it with wine, patients felt no pain when having operations”可知，麻沸散需要和酒一起服用。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1889, an Italian cook made a special pizza for the Queen”可知，玛格丽特披萨首次出现于1889年。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A cook cut potatoes very thin to teach a picky customer a lesson”可知，厨师把土豆切得很薄是为了给挑剔的顾客一个教训。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“To his surprise, the customer loved them”可知，当厨师得知顾客喜欢薯片时，他感到很惊讶，surprised与surprise对应。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章分别讲述了麻沸散、玛格丽特披萨和薯片三项发明的由来故事，故本文主要围绕不同的发明故事展开。 B “Grandson, come here. Let me tell you how things have changed since I was young.” I climbed onto the old tree beside my grandpa. The forest was green and peaceful around us. “When I was a baby,” Grandpa began, “our home was much smaller. Many trees were cut down. We had to walk for days to find enough bamboo to eat. Sometimes we suffered from hunger.” My eyes grew wide. “Really, grandpa? But now there is bamboo everywhere!” Grandpa smiled. “Yes, because humans found better ways to protect forests. They planted new bamboo forests just for us.” “What about those nice people who bring us apples?” I asked. “They appeared when I grew older. At first, I was scared of humans. But these people protected us from danger and made sure we had enough food. They also helped us live better.” І munched (大口咀嚼) on a bamboo shoot (竹笋). “Do you remember what you did for fun back then?” “We played too, but not like today. Now you have those wooden platforms (平台). And remember last month when those students came with cameras? They were studying how we live. Their teacher said we are no longer ‘endangered’—we are now ‘vulnerable (易危的)’. That means we are safer!” “That’s good news!” “Yes, because humans have learned to share living space with wild animals and protect the earth. They use less paper to save trees. They pick up waste in the forest.” Grandpa looked at the rising sun, “Our world has changed because humans have changed. They invent, they protect, because they care.” I thought for a moment, “So if we take care of the earth, the earth will take care of us?” “That’s right, dear. Remember, every bamboo shoot you eat is a gift from people who choose to help.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6. What are the Grandpa and the Grandson most likely to be in the text? A. B. C. D. 7. What problem did the Grandpa face when he was young? A. The living space was not big enough. B. There was not enough bamboo to eat. C. The weather was too hot to survive. D. People hunted them. 8. Which opinion may the Grandpa and his grandson agree on according to the text? A. Their life is safer than before. B. Once hunger was their biggest problem. C. They are not as free as before. D. They should value food. 9. How did the Grandpa feel about humans in the end? A. Scared and stressed. B. Hopeful and thankful. C. Worried and angry. D. Disappointed and sad. 10. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A. To compare the eating habits of pandas. B. To show the history of bamboo forests. C. To tell a story about a grandpa and his grandson. D. To encourage people to protect the earth and share living space. 【答案】6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过熊猫祖孙的对话，讲述了熊猫的生存环境因人类的保护行动得到改善，种群从“濒危”变为“易危”的变化，传递了人类应与野生动物共享生存空间、保护地球的理念。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We had to walk for days to find enough bamboo to eat.”可知，文中的祖孙是以竹子为主要食物的熊猫，对应选项C的图片内容。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We had to walk for days to find enough bamboo to eat. Sometimes we suffered from hunger.”可知，爷爷年幼时面临没有足够竹子可吃的问题。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第九段“we are no longer ‘endangered’—we are now ‘vulnerable’. That means we are safer!”以及第十段“That’s good news!”可推知，爷爷和孙子都认同它们的生活比以前更安全了。 【9题详解】 观点态度题。根据文章第十一段“because humans have learned to share living space with wild animals and protect the earth.”和第十四段“every bamboo shoot you eat is a gift from people who choose to help.”可推知，爷爷对人类抱有感激之情，且对未来充满希望。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。结合全文内容，文章通过熊猫祖孙讲述自身生存状况的变化，展现人类保护自然的成果，目的是鼓励人们保护地球，与野生动物共享生存空间。 C Every day, millions of tons of household waste are collected from cities across China. In the past, most of the waste ended up in landfills, taking up the valuable land and polluting the environment. But today, something amazing has happened—waste is turned into electricity! So how does it work? First, workers collect and sort waste, picking out recyclable waste. Then, waste trucks take it to modern power plants (工厂). There, the waste is stored to remove extra water for burning better. Later, giant robotic hands grab up to 10 tons of waste at once and drop it into furnaces (火炉) heated to over 850℃. The heat turns water into steam, which drives turbines to produce electricity. Amazingly, the electricity from just one grab can power a family of three for a whole year! Burning waste also brings many other benefits. It reduces waste by 70% to 80%. It also creates green energy—a single plant in Hainan produces enough electricity for over 200,000 homes every year. What’s more, even the leftovers after burning are useful. They can be made into bricks or used for building roads. China is working hard to make better use of waste. It now has over 1,000 waste-to-energy plants, dealing with nearly 80% of city waste. The technology works so well that some cities actually “don’t have enough waste to burn”! Now, Chinese companies are helping other countries build similar plants. Today’s waste plants are nothing like the dirty, smelly places many people imagine. They are clean and beautifully designed. Some even have coffee shops on their observation stations. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Playing an amazing magic show. B. Throwing waste into landfills. C. Burning waste to reduce pollution. D. Changing waste into electricity. 12. What is the process of producing electricity from waste? A. By burning waste to make steam to drive turbines. B. By using solar energy to heat waste to make steam. C. By turning waste into hot oil to drive instruments. D. By using wind power to process waste to make steam. 13. By what percentage does burning waste reduce the total amount of waste? A. 10%-20%. B. 30%-40%. C. 50%-60%. D. 70%-80%. 14. Why do some cities in China “not have enough waste to burn”? A. Because people there are producing less waste. B. Because there’re many efficient waste plants in these cities. C. Because most of the waste is now recycled. D. Because they have stopped collecting waste. 15. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Creating a Greener World B. Visiting Modern Waste Plants C. Turning Waste into Treasure D. Dealing with Waste Wisely 【答案】11. D 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国的垃圾发电技术：垃圾经过收集分拣后被运往现代化发电厂，通过高温燃烧产生蒸汽驱动涡轮机发电，这一技术既减少了垃圾量，又创造了绿色能源，燃烧后的残余物还能被再利用。 【11题详解】 第二段首句“So how does it work？”中的it指代上文第一段提到的“waste is turned into electricity”这件事，即把垃圾转化为电能。 【12题详解】 第二段说明发电过程：“The heat turns water into steam, which drives turbines to produce electricity”，即燃烧垃圾产生热量，把水变成蒸汽，驱动涡轮机发电，A项“通过燃烧垃圾产生蒸汽驱动涡轮机”最符合文意。 【13题详解】 第三段明确指出：“It reduces waste by 70% to 80%”，说明燃烧垃圾能减少70%到80%的垃圾量。 【14题详解】 第四段提到中国已有1000多座垃圾发电厂，处理近80%的城市垃圾，“The technology works so well that some cities actually ‘don’t have enough waste to burn’”，说明正是因为这些城市有太多高效的垃圾发电厂，才出现垃圾不够烧的情况。 【15题详解】 全文围绕垃圾变废为宝展开：垃圾被转化为电能，燃烧后的残余物还能制成砖块、修路，C项“Turning Waste into Treasure”（变废为宝）最能概括文章主旨。 D Many students think creativity is only for artists and musicians. But that’s not true! Creativity is about thinking of new ideas and solving problems in smart ways. ____16____ Here are five easy ways to have a try. 1. Ask “What if” Questions Creative people are always curious. They like asking fun questions such as, “What if dogs could talk?” or “What if we had no electricity for a week?” ____17____ It helps you see the world differently. 2. Try a New Hobby Do you always do the same things after school? Try something new! Learn to cook a simple dish, try paper cutting, or even learn magic tricks. ____18____ You might discover a talent you never knew you had! 3. Keep an Idea Notebook Great ideas can come anytime—on the bus, during a walk, or even before bed! ____19____ Draw, write, or paste pictures in it. Later, you can look back and maybe turn a small idea into something big. 4. Play with Everyday Things Look at common objects around you. Can you use them in a new way? A cardboard box can become a robot costume. An old T-shirt can be made into a bag. It’s fun and good for the environment, too! 5. Don’t Be Afraid to Fail Thomas Edison failed many times before he invented the light bulb. He said he found over 1,000 ways that didn’t work! ____20____ Every mistake teaches you something. Keep trying and your creativity will grow. So, start today! Creativity is like a muscle—the more you use it, the stronger it gets. 根据材料内容, 从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Keep a small notebook with you to write down your ideas. B. This kind of thinking opens up your mind. C. The good news is you can practice it every day! D. When things don’t work out, don’t give up. E. New activities help your brain make fresh connections. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文纠正了“创造力仅属于艺术家和音乐家”的错误认知，介绍了五种培养创造力的简单方法，鼓励人们通过日常练习提升创造力。 【16题详解】 前文澄清创造力不仅属于艺术家，后文引出五种尝试方法，C 项“好消息是你每天都可以练习”承上启下，表明创造力可日常培养，符合语境。 【17题详解】 前文列举了“What if”类的趣味问题，B项“这种思维能开阔头脑”中的“This kind of thinking”指代前文的提问方式，且与后文“不同角度看世界”逻辑一致。 【18题详解】 本段建议尝试新爱好，E项“新活动帮助大脑建立新连接”紧扣“Try something new”的主题，解释了尝试新活动的好处。 【19题详解】 本段主题是保留想法，后文提到“在里面写画”，A项“随身携带小本子记录想法”直接对应标题“Keep an Idea Notebook”及后文操作。 【20题详解】 本段讨论面对失败，引用爱迪生例子，D项“事情不顺时别放弃”符合不畏失败的主题，与后文“错误教会你东西”及“坚持尝试”相呼应。 三、完形填空 (15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 When you carry a flat-bottomed paper bag, you are holding an invention over 150 years old. The story behind it is about a great female ____21____ with courage and wisdom. Margaret Knight was born in 1838. During her ____22____, she never played with dolls like other kids. “The only things that could draw my ____23____ were a knife and pieces of wood,” she said. When Margaret was 12, she designed a safety guard to protect workers ____24____ being injured by machines. Soon, many factories paid for her invention. But because she was ____25____ young to understand what patents (专利) were, she never made any money from it. Years later, Margaret worked at a paper bag company. At that time, all paper bags were made ____26____. Margaret believed a machine could do it faster and better. After three years’ hard work, she built a ____27____ model successfully. Later, a real metal machine was ____28____. However, her colleague (同事) Annan stole her invention. Instead of being sad and angry, Margaret ____29____. She sued (起诉). In court, Annan said, “ ____30____ a woman could never understand such a complex (复杂的) machine.” Margaret brought her wooden model and explained every part clearly. She proved him ____31____ and won the case. On July 11, 1871, she received her patent. Margaret ____32____ inventing, and came up with nearly 90 things and got 27 patents in her life. Newspapers called her “Lady Edison”. Her paper bag machine ____33____ the base for modern bag-making today. Margaret once said when she was ____34____, “I don’t care to be noticed. I like to produce results rather than talk about them.” ____35____ no medals were given to her when she was alive, she let her inventions speak for her. And they still do so whenever you carry a paper bag. 21. A. inventor B. lover C. worker D. journalist 22. A. neighborhood B. brotherhood C. childhood D. leisure 23. A. interest B. need C. effort D. honor 24. A. against B. without C. through D. from 25. A. too B. so C. very D. such 26. A. in person B. on time C. for free D. by hand 27. A. metal B. paper C. wooden D. plastic 28. A. worked B. changed C. shut D. completed 29. A. gave up B. shouted out C. took action D. did business 30. A. Probably B. Certainly C. Totally D. Recently 31. A. false B. correct C. stupid D. familiar 32. A. stopped B. kept C. enjoyed D. polluted 33. A. remains B. shows C. uses D. sorts 34. A. watched B. interviewed C. noticed D. recycled 35. A. Because B. And C. But D. Although 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了平底纸袋发明者玛格丽特·奈特的故事。她从小热爱发明，遭遇同事盗窃专利时勇敢维权并获胜。她一生发明众多，被称为“女爱迪生”。 【21题详解】 句意：它背后的故事是关于一位充满勇气和智慧的伟大女性发明家。 根据前文“holding an invention”以及后文讲述她发明纸袋机器的故事，可知她是一位伟大的女性发明家，inventor（发明家）符合语境；lover（爱好者）、worker（工人）、journalist（记者）均不符合文章对她身份的描述。 【22题详解】 句意：在她的童年时期，她从不像其他孩子一样玩洋娃娃。 根据“she never played with dolls like other kids”可知，玩洋娃娃是小孩子的行为，这是在她童年时期发生的事情，childhood（童年）符合语境；neighborhood（社区）、brotherhood（兄弟情谊）、leisure（休闲）均不符合语境逻辑。 【23题详解】 句意：她说：“唯一能吸引我兴趣的是一把刀和几块木头。” 根据前文说她不爱玩洋娃娃，只对刀和木头感兴趣，可知此处表示引起兴趣，interest（兴趣）符合语境，固定搭配draw one’s interest意为“吸引某人的兴趣”；need（需要）、effort（努力）、honor（荣誉）均不符合语义搭配。 【24题详解】 句意：玛格丽特12岁时，设计了一个安全装置来保护工人免受机器伤害。 固定搭配protect sb. from doing sth.意为“保护某人免受……的伤害”，此处表示保护工人不被机器弄伤，from（免于）符合语境；against（反对）、without（没有）、through（通过）均无此搭配。 【25题详解】 句意：但因为她太年轻而不懂什么是专利，她从未从中赚到任何钱。 固定搭配too... to...意为“太……而不能……”，可知她当时太年轻以至于不懂专利，too（太）符合语境；so（所以）、very（非常）、such（如此）均不符合语法结构。 【26题详解】 句意：那时，所有的纸袋都是手工制作的。 根据后文“Margaret believed a machine could do it faster and better.”可知，在机器发明之前纸袋是手工制作的，by hand（手工）符合语境；in person（亲自）、on time（准时）、for free（免费）均不符。 【27题详解】 句意：经过三年的努力，她成功地制造了一个木制模型。 根据后文“Later, a real metal machine was...”以及第五段“Margaret brought her wooden model”，可知她最初做的是木制模型，wooden（木制的）符合语境，其他选项metal（金属的）、paper（纸的）、plastic（塑料的）与后文线索不符。 【28题详解】 句意：后来，一台真正的金属机器完成了。 根据前文她先建了模型，可知后来真正的金属机器被制作完成了，completed（完成）符合语境；worked（工作）、changed（改变）、shut（关闭）均不符合机器被制造出来的语境。 【29题详解】 句意：玛格丽特没有悲伤和生气，而是采取了行动。 根据后文“She sued.”可知，她没有放弃，而是采取了法律行动，took action（采取行动）符合语境；gave up（放弃）、shouted out（大叫）、did business（做生意）均不符合她起诉维权的行为。 【30题详解】 句意：在法庭上，安南说：“当然，一个女人永远不可能理解这么复杂的机器。” 根据语境，安南带有性别偏见，非常确信女人不懂复杂机器，Certainly（当然）符合其傲慢的语气；其他选项Probably（可能）、Totally（完全地）、Recently（最近）均不能体现这种确信的态度。 【31题详解】 句意：她证明他是错的，并赢得了官司。 根据后文“won the case”可知，她用模型证明了安南的说法是错误的，false（错误的）符合语境；correct（正确的）、stupid（愚蠢的）、familiar（熟悉的）均不符。 【32题详解】 句意：玛格丽特继续发明，一生中想出了近90样东西，获得了27项专利。 根据后文“and came up with nearly 90 things and got 27 patents in her life”可知，她继续发明，kept（保持，继续）符合语境；stopped（停止）、enjoyed（享受）、polluted（污染）均不符合事实。 【33题详解】 句意：她的纸袋机至今仍然是现代制袋的基础。 根据语境及“the base for modern bag-making today”可知，她的发明仍是现代制袋机的基础，remains（保持，仍然是）符合语境；shows（展示）、uses（使用）、sorts（分类）均语义不通顺。 【34题详解】 句意：玛格丽特在接受采访时曾说：“我不在乎被关注。我喜欢产生结果，而不是谈论它们。” 根据后文的直接引语，可知这是她在接受采访时表达的观点，interviewed（采访）符合语境；其他选项watched（观看）、noticed（注意到）、recycled（回收）均不符合发表言论的语境。 【35题详解】 句意：虽然她活着的时候没有获得任何奖章，但她让她的发明为她说话。 根据前后句的逻辑关系，前半句说没获得奖章，后半句说发明为她说话，构成让步转折关系，且空格在句首，Although（虽然，尽管）符合语境；Because（因为）、And（和）、But（但是）均不符合此处的逻辑关系。 四、语篇填空 (15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 for that test from work use a safe correct in In recent years, fingerprint locks have become increasingly popular. Unlike traditional keys, these locks are used ____36____ recognizing the unique patterns on our fingers to open doors. Made of high- tech materials, each lock can store ____37____ set of different fingerprints. This means only authorized (被授权的) people can enter the house, which makes our homes much ____38____. Many people ____39____ to worry about losing keys or being locked out. Now, with fingerprint locks, we don’t have to worry about these problems anymore. We can just touch the sensor (传感器) with our fingers, and it can identify (识别) our fingerprints ____40____. Then the door opens in seconds. Some people are still a little bit worried about the safety of fingerprint locks. However, ____41____ prove that fingerprint locks can prevent bad people ____42____ copying our fingerprints. They can even keep ____43____ for a long time once charged (充电). ____44____ a word, fingerprint locks are changing the way we live. As technology improves, we believe ____45____ to protect our homes, more and more people will choose this kind of smart lock in the future. 【答案】36. for 37. a 38. safer 39. used 40. correctly 41. tests 42. from 43. working 44. In 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了指纹锁的普及、工作原理以及它带来的安全性和便利性，并展望了其未来的发展。 【36题详解】 句意：与传统的钥匙不同，这些锁被用来识别我们手指上的独特纹理来开门。此处需要一个介词，与“used”构成短语，表示“被用于”，“for”意为“用于”，符合语境。 【37题详解】 句意：采用高科技材料制成，每个锁都可以存储一组不同的指纹。根据“set of different fingerprints”可知，此处需要一个冠词，修饰名词“set”，表示“一组”，a符合语境。 【38题详解】 句意：这意味着只有被授权的人才能进入房子，这使我们的家安全得多。根据“only authorized people can enter the house”以及“much”可知，此处需要一个形容词的比较级，在句中作宾语补足语，表示“更安全的”。“safe”的比较级为“safer”，符合要求。 【39题详解】 句意：许多人过去常常担心丢失钥匙或被锁在外面。空处与Now形成对比，描述以前的情况；固定结构“used to do sth.”表示“过去常常”，符合语境。 【40题详解】 句意：我们只需用手指触碰传感器，它就能正确地识别我们的指纹。根据“it can identify our fingerprints”可知，此处需要一个副词，修饰动词“identify”，表示“正确地”。“correct”的副词形式为“correctly”。故填correctly。 【41题详解】 句意：然而，测试证明指纹锁可以防止坏人复制我们的指纹。根据“prove that fingerprint locks can prevent...”可知，此处需要一个名词复数，在句中作主语，表示“测试”。“test”用复数形式“tests”。 【42题详解】 句意：然而，测试证明指纹锁可以防止坏人复制我们的指纹。根据“copying our fingerprints”可知，此处需要一个介词，与“prevent”构成“prevent sb. from doing sth.”结构，表示“防止某人做某事”。“from”符合语境。 【43题详解】 句意：一旦充电，它们甚至可以长时间工作。此处需要一个动名词，作动词“keep”的宾语；指纹锁可以工作很长时间，“working”意为“工作”，符合语境。 【44题详解】 句意：总之，指纹锁正在改变我们的生活方式。“In a word”意为“总之”，位于句首，首字母大写。 【45题详解】 句意：随着技术的进步，我们相信为了保护我们的家园，未来会有越来越多的人选择这种智能锁。此处需要一个连词，引导宾语从句；“that”在此处与前面的“believe”构成“believe that...”，表示“相信……”。“that”符合语境。 第二节 阅读短文, 根据语篇要求填空, 使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Have you ever dreamed of being an inventor? Actually, inventors ____46____ often considered curious. Take Percy Spencer ____47____ an example. In 1945, while working with radar, he noticed a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted. Instead ____48____ ignoring it, he asked, “What happened?” His curiosity led to the microwave oven (微波炉). Today, microwaves are widely used. Every great invention starts with ____49____ question. Next time you hang ____50____, look around and ask: Who invented this? What did they ask? Curiosity changes the world. 【答案】46. are 47. as 48. of 49. a 50. out 【解析】 【导语】本文通过珀西・斯宾塞的事例，告诉我们好奇心推动发明创造、改变世界的道理。 【46题详解】 句意：实际上，发明家通常被认为是充满好奇心的。此处描述客观普遍的认知，主语inventors“发明家”和谓语动词consider“认为”之间是被动关系，意为“被认为”，要用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语inventors是复数，be动词用are。 【47题详解】 句意：以珀西・斯宾塞为例。固定搭配take…as an example，意为“以……为例”，填as。 【48题详解】 句意：他没有忽视这件事，而是发问：“发生了什么？”固定短语instead of，意为“而不是”，介词of后接动名词，填of。 【49题详解】 句意：每一项伟大的发明都始于一个问题。此处修饰可数名词question，需用冠词。question以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指“一个问题”，用不定冠词a。 【50题详解】 句意：下次你闲逛的时候，四处看一看，问一问：这是谁发明的？他们提出了什么问题？固定短语hang out，意为“闲逛”，填out。 五、补全对话 (5小题, 每小题2分, 共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Liangliang. I haven’t seen you for several days. _____________51_____________? B: I have been to my hometown. The environment there has changed a lot. A: _____________52_____________? B: It used to be terrible—dirty rivers and polluted air. But now, the government has taken measures to clean up the environment. They shut down the factories and planted many trees. A: _____________53_____________! B: Have you been to my hometown? A: _____________54_____________. B: Then, how about going there with me this summer vacation? It’s well worth visiting now. A: _____________55_____________. I’m looking forward to this trip. 【答案】51. Where have you been 52. What was the environment like there 53. Great 54. No, I haven’t 55. Good idea 【解析】 【导语】本文是A与亮亮之间的对话，主要讲述了亮亮家乡环境的变化以及 A 同意暑假一同前往参观的事情。 【51题详解】 A说好几天没见到亮亮，B回答“我去了我的家乡”，因此A应询问对方去了哪里，用疑问句“Where have you been?”自然衔接下文。 【52题详解】 B接下来要说明家乡环境过去和现在的变化，因此A应询问那里的环境情况，用“What was the environment like there?”引出B对过去环境糟糕及现在改善的描述。 【53题详解】 ：B介绍政府采取措施后环境变好，A应表示赞叹或肯定，用感叹句“Great!”衔接下文，符合语境。 【54题详解】 B问A是否去过自己的家乡，A回答没去过，并为下文B邀请同游作铺垫，用简答“No, I haven’t.”。 【55题详解】 B邀请A暑假一起去家乡，A表示赞同并说期待这次旅行，因此用“Good idea.”表达接受邀请，语义连贯。 六、书面表达 (20分) 56. 假设你是某校学生李华，近日你校英语社团开展了以“My Favourite Invention”为主题的征文活动。请你结合以下提示，用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍一项你最喜欢的发明。 写作提示： 1. What is your favourite invention? 2. Why do you like it? (Please list at least two reasons) 写作要求: 1. 文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数100左右。 My Favourite Invention _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： My Favourite Invention Among all the modern inventions, my favourite one is the smartphone. I love it for two main reasons. First, it breaks the barrier of distance. With a smartphone, I can keep in touch with my grandparents who live in another city anytime, not just on festivals. Second, it is a portable “learning library”. Whenever I meet difficult knowledge points in my study, I can look up useful related materials on it immediately. The smartphone makes our life much more convenient, and it is surely a great invention that changes our daily life a lot. 【解析】 【详解】 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：最喜欢的发明、喜欢这项发明至少两条理由、对这项发明的评价 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数100左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明自己最喜欢的发明是智能手机 主体段：分两点阐述喜欢智能手机的理由 结尾段：评价这项发明，总结感悟升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：最喜欢的发明 发明选择：the smartphone/the computer/the electric light/the camera/the robot/the shared bike等 要点二：喜欢这项发明的原因 生活方面：break the barrier of distance/keep in touch with family/share daily life/pay for goods without cash/check real-time traffic conditions/call for help in emergency/order daily meals conveniently等 学习方面：be a portable “learning library”/look up useful related materials immediately/get online lessons/watch famous teachers’ lectures/store lots of learning notes/join online study groups等 要点三：对这项发明的评价 评价选择：make our life much more convenient/change our daily life a lot/bring huge convenience to people/save much time/enrich our spare time/improve study efficiency/greatly improve our life quality等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $