北京市第二十中学2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试试卷高二英语

北京市第二十中学2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二 英语 (时间：90分钟 满分：100分 为选择性必修一模块考试) 命题人：王宇薇 审题人：欧丽娜 班级 姓名 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第…节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 All my friends had made the football cheerleading team except me.My name was1 from the list.I still sat with them at lunch,still laughed at their jokes,2 I felt as if I didn't belong.I fought back tears,wanting to be strong. Knowing that next year would bring a new round of try-outs,I started practicing and was determined to see my name on the list.However,my dad suggested that I get involved in a school-sport-3 as anyone could sign up with no try-outs.I had no idea what I was getting myself into.I only 4 I might participate in it until I made the cheerleading team again. On the track team,running pushed me to work harder than I ever knew I could.Race after race,I continued to feel my lungs burning from the 5.I guessed that I wanted to 6myself to see if I could improve my running time. The next year when spring came around,I was thrilled to make the football cheerleading team,when, incredibly,I received a letter from a new cross-country coach,7 me to join his running team.I didn't have a reason for choosing running over cheerleading,8the fact that I followed my heart. When I called the coach and told him I would give it a try,I never realized that one simple 9 would change the direction of my life.Within one year,I became one of the fastest female cross-country runners We can be who we were born to be or we can just follow the crowd.And when I chose to be a runner, I chose to be 10 to myself. 1.A.coming B.missing C.turning D.changing 2 A.but B.so C.or D.for 3.A.throwing B.cheerleading C.football D.running 4.A.recorded B.heard C.figured D.concluded 5.A.effort B.diseases C.needs D.interest 6.A.accept B.challenge C.express D.treat 7.A.sending B.asking C.teaching D.reminding 8.A.in case of B.in spite of C.rather than D.other than 9.A.decision B.complaint C.evaluation D.expectation 10.A.friendly B.tolerant C.true D.respectful 共6 掃描金能玉劍]建 第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词 的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A My six-year-old daughter,Rona,listened attentively to the radio on the hardships people suffered 11 poor areas.It was the day after Rona's birthday and her grandmother 12 (give)her some money.When the offering basket came around,Rona reached into her pocket,pulled out her birthday money,and put it in 13 basket."Your grandmother wanted you to use that to buy something nice for yourself,”I said..“Idid,”Rona replied with a big smile..“I bought__14_(happy).” B Some people are living very long lives.What are some of their secrets to longevity?15(eat) the right food plays a big role.Exercise is also important.A study found that people who exercised at recommended levels gained 3-4 years of life6(compare)to those who were inactive.In addition, there is also a link between happiness and lifespan-happy people with a positive outlook on life tend to live longer and experience better health than their unhappy peers,7 highlights the importance of mental well-being for a long and healthy life. 0 A study shows 176 bird species have been found to build nests with human litter,such as plastic bags and fishing nets.18 worries the scientists is that such materials can harm chicks and even adult birds.The study 19(review)research covering almost 35,000 nests and finds that birds use human-made materials in nests on all continents except Antarctica.While such behaviour 20 (observe)as early as in the 1830s,in recent years it has undoubtedly increased. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂 黑。 If you would like to volunteer abroad,you've come to the right place.Here are a variety of volunteering opportunities,including medical,sports,and wildlife conservation in Africa,which can help gain hands-on international work experience and learn things you'll never get out of a textbook. Medical and Healthcare Projects If you're a medical student hoping to gain some valuable experience,we have suitable placements for you.We have projects,which can really use the skills of qualified volunteers,such as doctors,nurses, dentists and a whole range of professions.If you are unskilled,but have an interest and would like to assist in this field then you can also help in many project areas. Sports Coaching Projects Our sports volunteer projects involve children of different ages and abilities,or sometimes adults as well.Therefore,anyone with sports coaching skills will be put to very good use,trying to bring on the African sports stars of the future.You'll be able to help organize sporting activities,teach new sports to the 第1页 掃描全能玉衡建 children,coach them in their sports sessions and even play football against the local team-don't expect to win! Wildlife and Conservation Projects Wildlife conservation volunteering in Africa can be hard work at times as you have to deal with the human-wildlife conflicts and ensure local communities benefit from conservation.However,there are some major positives,generally based in some of the most amazing natural areas.They get you behind the scenes of places that tourists will often pay large amounts of money to visit on holiday.If you have relevant conservation experience or qualifications,or as part of your studies,then please get in touch. 21.In Wildlife and Conservation Projects,you will A.pay for the holiday visits B.handle the human-wildlife conflicts C.provide medical services D.organize community activities 22.What benefits can you get from the three projects? A.Work experience. B.Qualification promotion. C.Professional trainings. D.Historical adventures. 23.The passage is intended to A.describe life in Africa B.share traveling memories C.introduce volunteering projects D.explain the importance of working abroad 2 Mouth open in wonder and horror,Laurent Pelletier stares at the bush cricket that has landed in front of him on the picnic table."Can we eat it?"he asks his mum."Can I take it as a travel companion?" In early 2022,Laurent's parents decided to quit their jobs.They took their four children,Mia,Leo, Colin,and Laurent,travelled over 52,000 miles and visited 13 countries.Over the months,the world constantly unveiled (itself.The kids played pat-a-cake with uniformed schoolchildren in Botswana, and while in Tanzania they tried African traditional dances with locals and stayed on a banana farm.In Thailand,they touched an elephant,calling out in surprise at how rough it felt.Rarely did they talk about why they were abroad in the first place,with one exception.While travelling along a dusty Mongolian highway last summer,Laurent,who had seemed unaware of what was to come,asked,"What does it mean to be blind?How will I cross the street?Will I be able to drive a car?" "It's like when you have your eyes closed,"his mother said."It won't happen overnight,but slowly, over years."Being blind,she continued,didn't mean the end of the world.Rather,the world would be different.Nothing would prevent them from doing most things,including skiing,swimming or even becoming scientists who worked on cures for their disease.Laurent nodded,then went back to making up his own games to pass the time. The four kids will become blind,likely in adulthood.They have a disease called retinitis pigmentosa (RP),a group of related eye disorders that cause progressive eyesight loss.By far,it has no effective treatment,and it will gradually take away their eyesight.However,their parents still want their kids to lead full lives,whether they're blind or not.The trip has reinforced (what they believe all these years-the 供6 掃描全能玉衡建 kids will find their way. Each day,their parents watch the kids change,physically and emotionally.Laurent grows taller and needs more independence.Both Leo and Colin become more confident and outgoing,unafraid to engage with strangers."Today,my eyesight is good and I'm going to make the most of it,"says Mia."Tomorrow, we will rise to the challenge. 24.According to the passage,what did the family experience on their trip? A.They did the farm work B.They took elephant rides. C.They completed zoo tours. D.They enjoyed the folk dance. 25.What made Laurent's parents decide to quit their jobs? A.Their kids'health. B.Their work challenges. C.Their family dreams. D.Their passion for nature. 26.What did the trip mainly bring to the kids? A.Strong bodies.B.Social skills.C.Positive mindset. D.Language ability. 27.What can we mainly conclude from this passage? A.Travelling is to seek for an interesting life. B.Nothing is impossible to a determined heart. C.One's potential cannot always be underrated. D.Treasure what you have and live life to the fullest. C When we're solving a complicated problem,we often gather a group to brainstorm.We're looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible.I love seeing it happen-except for one tiny wrinkle.Group brainstorming usually backfires. Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together,we're unlikely to maximize collective intelligence.As the humourist John Smith said, "If you had to identify,in one word,the reason why the human race has not bush cricket achieved,and never will achieve,its full potential,that word would be: 'meetings'."But the problem isn't meetings themselves-it's how we run them. Think about the brainstorming sessions you've attended.You've probably seen people bite their tongues due to ego threat ("I don't want to look stupid."),noise ("We can't all talk at once."),and conformity pressure("Let's all jump on the boss's ship!").Goodbye diversity of thought,hello groupthink. To unearth the hidden potential in teams instead of brainstorming,we're better off shifting to a process called "brainwriting".The first steps are solo.You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately.Next,you pool them and share them among the group.To preserve independent judgment,each member evaluates them on their own.Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options.By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing them,teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise. Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works.They find that a key to collective intelligence is full and fair participation.In brainstorming meetings,it's too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos,the :第2页 掃描全能玉衡建 loudest voices,and the most powerful pcople.The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voices arc brought into the conversation.The goal isn't to be the smartest person in the room-it's to make the room smarter. Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity.But it doesn't end there.Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone.That means that they come up with more brilliant ideas than groups-but also more terrible ideas than groups.It takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring the best ideas to fruition. 28.Both John Smith and the author may agree that brainstorming meetings fail to A.assess humans potential B.simplify problems quickly C.accept possible good ideas D.get the most out of individuals 29.What does the underlined word"lopsided"in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A.Informal. B.Unbalanced. C.Improper. D.Unpleasant. 30.The author writes this passage mainly to A.challenge a conclusion B.make a comparison C.advocate a practice D.introduce a research D The scientists behind a new database of more than 400 extreme weather attribution (studies have performed an essential service.This piece of work,drawing together every study of this type,ought to create a greater sense of urgency around policymaking and campaigning.It shows that intense heatwaves,hurricanes,and floods have all been made far more likely by greenhouse gas emissions.And it spells out the alarming unpredictability as well as the extent of global heating's consequences. Until the early 2000s,when the first attribution studies were published,it was harder to link CO2 in the atmosphere with global heating's sensible effects.Thanks to a growing body of research,now we know. The last summer's record-breaking "heat dome"()across the globe would have been almost impossible without human-caused climate change. "Beauty is truth,truth beauty,"wrote the poet John Keats just over 200 years ago.When it comes to climate,truth can feel closer to terror these days.But scientists are right to insist that the reality must be faced.Indeed,this is the only way to avoid the most disastrous outcomes.In a new book,Hothouse Earth,Prof Bill McGuire argues that we have reached a stage when minimizing dangers should be regarded as“climate appeasement'”, Like the historical responsibility for carbon emissions,attitudes and experiences in the present crisis are unevenly and unjustly shared out.Billions of people around the world,and above all in the global south,are caught up day-to-day in a struggle for survival.This doesn't mean they don't recognise global heating;subsistence(勉强维持生话)farmers and fishers are more directly exposed to environmental damage than anyone else.But western governments,businesses and people who are relatively sheltered from global heating's worst effects should recognise this as the privilege that it is.With this year's Climate Change Conference fast approaching,western governments must follow through on their promises of climate finance to enable a green transition in the developing world. The purpose of attribution science is not simply to warn the world about what is happening,but to aid 共61 掃描全能玉衡建 preparations for what has not happened yet.The most alarming global trend,apart from still-rising emissions that mean we are on course for 2.5C of heating,is the unexpected speed with which it is alrcady causing chaos.Given what we now know about the impact of 1C of warming,it is no exaggeration to say that this trend is disastrous. But alternatives exist,and insisting on this point has never been more important.The alarming findings of attribution scientists can give rise to desperation-but must not be allowed to end determination and hope. 31.The attribution studies imply that A.policies addressing climate issues are ineffective B.it is hard to link CO2 with the effects of global heating C.the extent of global heating's consequences is unpredictable D.humans are to blame for the increased occurrence of disasters 32.How does Prof Bill McGuire feel about the present climate crisis? A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Optimistic. D.Puzzled. 33.What can we learn from this passage? A.The global south is in urgent need of financial support. B.The speeding up of global warming has spelled trouble. C.Global heating affects western countries to a larger extent. D.The effort to reduce greenhouse gas emission has worked. 34.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To urge the public to follow the science. B.To persuade the scientists to further their study. C.To assess the current policy on the climate crisis. D.To confirm the public's concern for global heating. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Science of Comfort Food Certain foods always give us much pleasure.35However,much of the happiness we get from our favorite foods comes from the memories they bring to us and the people we're with while we enjoy them. 36 That's why our brains reward us for eating anything at all by releasing a chemical that enhances mood.But as anyone who's ever eaten apple pie knows,sweets can make us feel especially nice. One study found that people who are especially sensitive to sweetness have stronger brain-reward responses to sugary foods than less sweet-sensitive people do. Some foods are especially emotionally satisfying for reasons that have little to do with their taste or nutritional content,though.37 And many favorite American comfort foods-chili,say-are not particularly sweet or high in carbohydrates(a碳水化合物).Often we love food because we have fond memories associated with it.One dish I cannot live without at a New Year party is my mom's Snowy Mashed Potatoes,which remind me of holiday joy and past reunions with extended family. 第3页 掃描全能玉侧建 38 Sometimes you might feel sad when you eat foods that remind you of loved ones you miss. We may also avoid foods that we associate with bad experiences.I haven't eaten cottage cheese since I was 8 years old,because it was the last thing I ate before rolling off the bed with a terrible stomachache. In addition to past memories,the context in which we eat foods matters,too.39 And our gustatory(味觉的)experiences can be heightened by“a sense of community,,a sense of warmth and enjoying it together".I appreciate my mum's potatoes even more today when I eat them with my husband and two children. A.Food is essential for our survival. B.These associations can go the other way,too. C.We desire comfort foods when we feel lonely. D.It shapes how much we enjoy them in the moment. E.Their taste and nutritional content affect how we feel. F.Our memory for smell can be long-lasting and precise. G.After all,different cultures have different comfort foods 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 Smartphones have become a big part of people's lives.When we temporarily can't find them,it causes a feeling of anxiety or panic.Some psychologists have called it"nomophobia".Thankfully,I rode through the withdrawal of my smartphone and it was short-lived. When I got my first smartphone over a decade ago,I loved it.It gave me instant access to my music, a world of information and thousands of photos and videos.But over time,I became increasingly ambivalent about its role in my life.I would repeatedly refresh my email,shop online for stuff I didn't need and constantly scroll through the latest news.I'd often complain to my husband and to my seven-year-old son,Louis,that I felt trapped by it. Then,one day last summer,while I was playing with Louis,I was once again distracted by dings and pings.He finally reminded me of my complaints,but rephrased them as a plea:"Mommy,just give it up already！” I decided to try.Instead of going cold turkey-no cellphone at all-I bought a flip phone.With no touch screen,texting is time-consuming.Once,while trying to catch up on texts with a friend,I finally got frustrated and called her.I realized I hadn't spoken to her since her big move.It made a difference to hear both the excitement in her voice as she described seeing the northern lights and her sadness in being away from a sick parent. Nowadays,people may prefer text-based communication over using the phone because they fear that the call will be awkward.But,just as I learned,when we were forced to connect voice to voice,we would find ourselves more bonded to that person. Wuyou Sui,an expert researching digital health,describes nomophobia as a reliance that's been placed upon us."Whenever something is designed to make a choice easier,it's called a behavioural nudge,"he explains,adding that the more central to our lives the smartphone's functions are,the more 共6 掃描全能玉侧建 prisoned we become. Ultimately,though,that sense of dependence is false.As I've found,you can do all the things you need to do in other ways.It's not always convenient,but I know I'm much calmer on a regular basis without my smartphone. 40.What does"nomophobia"refer to? 41.Why did the author decide to give up her smartphone? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. According to the author,we will find it awkward to talk with a friend on the phone. 43.Apart from the ways mentioned in the passage,what can you do to avoid "nomophobia"?(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 44.最近，你班班会课上就“Success is determined by efforts.”展开了辩论，同学们看法不一。请你根 据以下内容，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，内容包括： 1、支持的观点及理由： 2、反对的观点及理由： 3、你的观点及理由。 第4页 掃描全能玉侧建