Unit 4 Life is beautiful语法讲义与分层训练(附重点知识默写)2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册
新译林版九年级上册 Unit 4 Life is beautiful语法讲义与分层训练(附重点知识默写)
第一部分 语法知识精讲
一、动词 -ing 形式作名词(动名词)
(一)定义
动词的 -ing 形式可作名词使用,称为动名词(gerund),兼有动词和名词的特点,可在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
(二)考试考点
1. 作主语:放在句首,谓语动词用单数。例:Reading every day helps us learn new knowledge. / Swimming in the river is dangerous.
2. 作宾语:放在动词(like, enjoy, love, finish, mind)或介词(after, before, about, good at)后面。例:My brother enjoys drawing in his free time. / Remember to close the window before leaving the classroom.
3. 常见搭配:like / enjoy / love / finish / keep / practise / mind + doing;be good at / be interested in / be busy + doing。
二、动词 -ing 形式作宾语补足语
(一)定义
动词 -ing 形式可放在感官动词(see, hear, watch, feel, catch)后面作宾语补足语,表示看到或听到的动作正在进行。
(二)考试考点
1. 结构:感官动词 + 宾语 + doing。例:I saw her crossing the road. / I heard someone singing in the next room.
2. 感官动词后可跟动词原形(强调动作全过程或已发生),也可跟 -ing(强调正在进行)。例:I saw him open the window.(全过程)I saw him opening the window.(正在)
(三)辨析点(see / hear sb. do 与 doing)
结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
感官动词 + 宾语 + do | 强调动作全过程或已经发生 | I saw him open the window. |
感官动词 + 宾语 + doing | 强调动作正在进行 | I saw him opening the window. |
三、动词 -ing 形式作形容词
(一)定义
动词 -ing 形式可作形容词,放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词(be, feel)后作表语,表示事物的特征。
(二)考试考点
1. 作定语:This is exciting news. 这是一则令人兴奋的消息。
2. 作表语:This film is very touching. 这部电影非常感人。
3. 常见 -ing 形容词:exciting, interesting, amazing, surprising, touching, tiring, moving, satisfying, boring。
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四、动词 -ed 形式作形容词
(一)定义
动词的 -ed 形式可作形容词,表示人的感受或状态;可放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词(be, feel, get, become)后作表语。
(二)考试考点
1. 作定语:He is a tired man. 他是一个疲惫的人。
2. 作表语:I am satisfied with the result. / She was surprised at the news.
3. 常用搭配:be interested in(对……感兴趣)、be surprised at(对……惊讶)、be satisfied with(对……满意)、be excited about(对……兴奋)。
(三)辨析点(-ing 与 -ed 形容词)
形容词 | 含义 | 例句 |
-ing 形容词 | 描述事物的特征(令人……的) | The film is exciting. 电影令人兴奋。 |
-ed 形容词 | 描述人的感受(感到……的) | I am excited. 我感到兴奋。 |
常见成对词 | interesting/interested;exciting/excited;surprising/surprised;tiring/tired;touching/touched | The story is interesting. I am interested in it. |
五、易错点汇总
1. 动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
2. 动名词作宾语:enjoy / finish / mind / be good at / before 等后接 doing,不接 to do。
3. 感官动词 + do(全过程/已发生)与 + doing(正在进行)含义不同,不可混用。
4. -ing 形容事物、-ed 形容人的感受,不可混用:The film is exciting.(不是 excited)
5. 注意介词搭配:be interested in、be surprised at、be satisfied with、be excited about。
第二部分 分层训练(考点前置,难度递进)
说明:每题标注单一考查考点,难度由基础、提升到挑战(中考风格)逐步递进。A 卷为基础巩固,B 卷为综合运用,C 卷为中考风格演练。
A 基础篇
一、考点:动词 -ing 作主语(动名词)
1. ______ every day helps us learn new knowledge.
A. Reading B. Read C. To reading D. Reads
2. ______ in the river is dangerous.
A. Swimming B. Swim C. Swims D. To swimming
3. 用所给词填空:______ (show) kindness to others is important.
4. 用所给词填空:______ (plant) peanuts is meaningful.
二、考点:动词 -ing 作宾语
5. My brother enjoys ______ in his free time.
A. drawing B. draw C. to draw D. draws
6. Remember to close the window before ______ the classroom.
A. leaving B. leave C. to leave D. left
7. 用所给词填空:She likes ______ (read) stories before bedtime.
(考查:like + doing)
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