上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科10月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科10月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. from 2. working 3. to burn 4. when/while 5. shared 6. whose 7. published 8. himself 9. was fascinated 10. what Section B 11. E 12. I 13. K 14. H 15. G 16. J 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A Section B 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. D 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B Section C 47. B 48. A 49. E 50. C III. Summary Writing 51. Conspiracy theories offer more than answers: they make frightening, poorly explained events coherent, and they give believers the comfort of certainty and of belonging to a knowing minority. Ridicule fails because it confirms their prediction of hostility. Honest explanation of what is and is not known works better. IV. Translation 52. Travel is a good way to relax and experience new things. 53. Planning ahead can help you save time and money. 54. You can avoid carrying heavy luggage by traveling light. 55. You can avoid trouble by respecting local culture. V. Guided Writing 56. If I could go back to the past… If I could go back to the past, I would choose to live in the Renaissance period, an age of extraordinary cultural and intellectual flourishing in Europe. Above all, I long to witness its artistic achievements. Watching masters like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo create their masterpieces would be an invaluable experience, allowing me to understand the inspirations behind their works. Moreover, the Renaissance marked the transition to a more rational and scientific approach. Groundbreaking discoveries by scientists such as Galileo and Copernicus revolutionized our understanding of the universe, and observing these breakthroughs firsthand would be thrilling. Finally, it was a time when humanism flourished. I would love to engage in philosophical discussions with the great thinkers of the age and immerse myself in the vibrant intellectual atmosphere. In short, the Renaissance's remarkable achievements make it the era I would most like to experience. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科10月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Accidents That Changed History Different though they may be, Stephen King and Dr Seuss have two things in common. They're both hugely successful authors, and they both made a narrow escape 1 a life of obscurity (默默无闻). Theodor Geisel—Dr Seuss's given name—wrote his first children's book, A Story No One Can Beat, in the mid-1930s. 2 (work) as an advertising illustrator at the time, Geisel sent his manuscript (手稿) to 27 publishers. They all rejected it. After the last cold shoulder, Geisel walked down New York City's Madison Avenue, determined 3 (burn) the manuscript and, perhaps, his writing career. 4 he was cooling off, he bumped into his old university roommate, Mike McClintock, who happened to edit children's books at Vanguard Press. Geisel 5 (share) his problem with McClintock, who asked to see the story. McClintock suggested a few changes, and Vanguard published the book in 1937, 6 new title was And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street. According to Geisel, "If I had just been walking down the other side of Madison Avenue, I'd be in the dry-cleaning business today." Stephen King's first 7 (publish) book was about a teenage girl who discovers that she has fantastic mental powers. King's worst critic wasn't the publishers—it was 8 . He disliked his story so much that he threw it away after only three pages, according to his memoir (回忆录) On Writing. A few hours later, his wife found the pages covered with cigarette ash in their wastepaper basket. She took the pages out and started reading, and she 9 (fascinate). "She wanted me to go on," King later wrote. "She wanted to know 10 the rest of the story would be like." And so he did go on. Carrie went on to sell over a million paperback copies in its first year alone. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. consumer B. economy C. objective D. otherwise E. preferences F. productive G. stimulate H. subconsciously I. substantial J. support K. unnecessary The Effect of Advertising Advertising is the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services, and it has increasingly deep and wide-ranging effects on present-day society. The effects on consumer 11 and on the economy in general are particularly significant. It is difficult to evaluate the influence of advertising campaigns on consumer choices, but it must be 12 or companies would not spend so much on them. Firstly, they inform people about new products, special offers and so forth. In addition, they increase demand by showing brands being used by people like you—or by people you want to be like. This may, however, indicate that consumers are being sold 13 items. Secondly, some advertising works 14 so people don't even know why they are choosing particular brands. Advertising is a major industry. Besides employing thousands of people itself, it does 15 demand for products which in turn leads to higher production and more jobs. What is more, it helps 16 newspapers, television channels and even top football clubs. Advertising, though, is expensive, and the cost is finally passed on to the 17 . Also, the large salaries it pays attract some of the country's brightest and most creative young people, who could 18 be employed in more productive or socially useful sections. My own view is that the biggest effect of advertising is on the 19 as it creates employment both directly and indirectly. Its influence on what people choose may have been exaggerated (夸张), especially as nowadays more 20 sources of information about products are available online. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Is the west falling out of love with the car? For environmentalists it seems a(n) 21 dream, but it is happening. While those with young families may carry on using four wheels, a combination of our ageing societies and a new attitude among the young seems to be 22 our 20th-century car addiction. Somewhere along the road, we reached the high point of the car and are now moving down the other side. That 23 takes several forms. Sales of new cars have almost halved in the US, down from nearly 11 million in 1985 to about 5.5 million now. We shouldn't 24 that to a great degree, though. Cars last longer these days, and sales go up and down with the economy. But we have hit peak car ownership, too. And, more to the point, peak per-capita travel (人均出行). The phenomenon was first 25 in The Road...Less Traveled, a 2008 report by the Brookings Institution in Washington DC, but had been going on largely unnoticed for years. Japan reached it in the 1990s. They talk there of "demotorisation". The west had its 26 point in 2004. That year the US, UK, Germany, France, Australia and Sweden all saw the start of a decline in the number of kilometres an average person travelled in a car that 27 today. What could be driving us 28 ? Fuel costs and rising insurance premiums (保险费) may be a factor. And urban congestion, combined with an absence of parking places and congestion charging, makes an increasing number of us look on the car as a(n) 29 way to move around in cities where there are public transport alternatives. Demographics (人口统计数据) are another possible 30 . It is surely no 31 that 'peak car' happened first in Japan, which has the world's oldest population. Pensioners do not drive to work, and many don't drive at all. There is also the rise of "virtual commuters" who work from home through the Internet. Besides these new 32 patterns, leisure lifestyles are also changing. The biggest 33 in car use in the US is among people under 35. The number of American 17-year-olds with a driver's licence has fallen from about three-quarters to about half since 1998. Twenty-somethings have recently gone from driving more than the average to driving less. Social scientists detect a new 'culture of urbanism'. The stylish way to live these days is in inner-city apartments, not the 34 . Richard Florida, an urban studies theorist at the University of Toronto in Canada, points out that the young shop online, telecommute, live in walkable city neighbourhoods near public transport and rely more on social media and less on face-to-face visiting. Given those changes, they can think of better ways to spend their money than buying a(n) 35 . 21. A. amazing B. impossible C. emerging D. realistic 22. A. admitting B. discovering C. causing D. breaking 23. A. side B. peak C. love D. road 24. A. give rise to B. lose interest in C. take notice of D. keep pace with 25. A. recognized B. underestimated C. neglected D. overrated 26. A. missed B. common C. tipping D. focal 27. A. suffers B. occurs C. pauses D. continues 28. A. into a state B. onto the street C. off the road D. off a phenomenon 29. A. dumb B. individual C. wise D. efficient 30. A. tendency B. explanation C. condition D. alternative 31. A. obstacle B. accident C. defense D. evidence 32. A. thought B. behaviour C. progression D. employment 33. A. fall B. growth C. difference D. problem 34. A. downtown B. houses C. suburbs D. campus 35. A. car B. computer C. apartment D. phone Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） There are still many things that Peter Cooke would like to try his hand at—paper-making and feather-work are on his list. For the moment though, he will stick to the skill that he has been delighted to perfect over the past ten years: making delicate and unusual objects out of shells. "Tell me if I am boring you," he says, as he leads me round his apartment showing me his work. There is a fine line between being a bore and being an enthusiast, but Cooke need not worry: he fits into the latter category, helped both by his charm and by the beauty of the things he makes. He points to a pair of shell-covered ornaments (装饰品) above a fireplace. "I shan't be at all bothered if people don't buy them because I have got so used to them, and to me they're adorable. I never meant to sell my work commercially. Some friends came to see me about five years ago and said, 'You must have an exhibition—people ought to see these. We'll talk to a man who owns an art gallery.'" The result was an exhibition in London, at which 70 per cent of the objects were sold. His second exhibition opened at the gallery yesterday. Considering the enormous prices the pieces command—around £2,000 for the ornaments—an empty space above the fireplace would seem a small sacrifice for Cooke to make. There are 86 pieces in the exhibition, with prices starting at £225 for a shell-flower in a crystal vase. Cooke insists that he has nothing to do with the prices and is cheerily open about their level: he claims there is nobody else in the world who produces work like his, and, as the gallery-owner told him, "Well, you're going to stop one day and everybody will want your pieces because there won't be any more." Cooke has created his own method and uses materials as and when he finds them. He uses the cardboard sent back with laundered shirts for his flower bases, a nameless glue bought from a sailmaker ("If it runs out, I don't know what I will do!") and washing-up liquid to wash the shells. "I have an idea of what I want to do, and it just does itself," he says of his working method, yet the attention to detail, colour gradations and symmetry (对称) he achieves look far from accidental. 36. What can be learned about Peter Cooke from the first paragraph? A. He has produced objects with different materials. B. He was praised for his shell objects many years ago. C. He hopes to work with other materials in the future. D. He has written about his love for shell objects. 37. When looking round his apartment, the writer ______. A. is attracted by Cooke's personality B. realises he finds Cooke's work boring C. feels uncertain about giving Cooke his opinion D. senses that Cooke wants his products to be admired 38. The "small sacrifice" in paragraph 3 refers to ______. A. the loss of Cooke's ornaments B. the display of Cooke's ornaments C. the cost of keeping Cooke's ornaments D. the space required to store Cooke's ornaments 39. When talking about the artist's working method, the writer implies that Cooke ______. A. is unaware of the unique quality his work has B. accepts that he sometimes makes mistakes C. undervalues the materials that he uses D. underrates his creative contribution （B） Yvonne Morones, owning a pet dog named Scamp the Wonder, is talking with the Pet Journal about Scamp. 40 When I saw Scamp on Petfinder, all of a sudden I understood what love was like. I suddenly found I loved him because I fell in love with his face. What did you know about him when you adopted him? He'd been living on the street in Compton, California, and people were feeding him McDonald's. And his name was Muffin Man, which didn't seem to fit him at all. What do you do to give him that bed head look? It's au naturel! He does get a mango shampoo and a coconut conditioner, but these gray dreads just appear on his head, back, and tail. The pet hairdresser says his hair is uncontrollable. Scamp works with you as a social therapy dog too. How do people react to his unusual looks? The first time he went to the senior center with me, the seniors just laughed and said, "Yvonne, what have you got there?" Then they fell in love with him. They'll even write little adventure stories about Scamp. He just inspires people. Has being awarded the world's ugliest dog changed him? He's no longer Scamp the Wonder. He's now Scamp the Champ. Now I have to get him a new dog tag. 40. Which of the following best fits the blank numbered 40 in the passage? A. Why did you go to Petfinder so often? B. What did you often find on Petfinder? C. Who brought you Scamp the Wonder? D. How did you first meet Scamp the Wonder? 41. By "It's au naturel!", Yvonne means that ______. A. Scamp turned gray after being adopted by her B. Scamp is fond of being washed with shampoo C. nothing has been done to change Scamp's appearance D. it is the pet hairdresser who has given Scamp his new look 42. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Scamp used to live a hard life on the street. B. Scamp is popular with children as well as seniors. C. Yvonne changed Scamp's name after the award. D. Yvonne writes adventure stories about Scamp. （C） Transhumanism, first coined in 1957 by biologist Julian Huxley, meant "man remaining man, but going beyond himself by realizing new possibilities of and for his human nature." Generally speaking, transhumanism in its modern meaning implies that human beings can be enhanced by means of science to the extent that they rise above biological limitations and capabilities programmed by nature. The species into which humanity transforms this way will be called post human, or trans human, as it would have to be something new—based on human nature, but going beyond it at the same time. There are numerous areas which, according to transhumanists, require enhancement, as well as countless proposals on the means of such enhancement. In particular, transhumanists work on such problems as overcoming the physical boundaries of the human body. Starting with aging, which they believe to be rather a disease than a natural process, and ending up with replacing organs with their artificial ones, transhumanists believe that the human body is imperfect, and that it should be improved. All kinds of nanotechnologies for repairing damaged organs; nerve stimulants and drugs to alter mood and eliminate negative emotions; brain implants and implanted technologies to allow interconnectivity between multiple human beings and to advance intelligence—these and many more actions are just some of the means transhumanists plan to use to make humanity better. Some of the technologies transhumanists plan to employ to push the boundaries of humanity are available already. For example, gene therapy that allows the curing or stopping of certain diseases that were considered terminal; CRISPRi or SHARP-2 methods, which were discovered not so long ago, have already proved to be efficient in treating a number of complicated medical conditions, and if further research is conducted, they might significantly improve the quality of medicine worldwide. Virtual reality, another technology from science-fiction movies of the late 1980s, has become not so virtual either, after all. VR devices can be easily purchased from online stores, and the prices are affordable—given that we are speaking of technology capable of substituting actual reality. So far, it has been mostly used for games and education, but in the future, the range of its useful applications will definitely broaden. Other technologies, which have not yet been invented but which definitely will, include large-scale engineering, self-copying robotics, artificial intelligence, mind uploading technologies, molecular manufacturing, space colonization, and other technological wonders. About a hundred years ago, the idea of flying in the skies seemed absurd, until Wilbur and Orville Wright proved this assumption wrong. Who knows, perhaps in a couple of decades the concepts listed here, no matter how fantastic they look now, will become reality. Moral aspects and the price humanity will have to pay for such advancements are a different subject. 43. Which of the following statements is true about transhumanism? A. Promoting human health but retaining their physical appearances B. Improving the human condition through social and cultural change C. Developing human beings beyond their natural capabilities by technology. D. Going beyond human beings' physical limitations through natural evolution. 44. Transhumanists' plan is based on the belief that ______. A. replacing organs with their artificial ones is ideal B. aging is rather a disease than a natural process C. it's practical to use nanotechnologies to improve life D. the human body is imperfect and needs improvement 45. The underlined word "absurd" (last paragraph) is closest in meaning to ______. A. ridiculous B. creative C. reasonable D. practical 46. This passage is particularly written about ______. A. various kinds of definitions of transhumanism B. different technologies substituting human reality C. proposals on the enhancement of human beings D. artificial intelligence and human beings' life Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. US Businesses Give in to Worker Demands to Keep Employees A. There are currently many job openings in the United States. B. Hourly workers are now seeking more flexibility in their schedules. C. He thinks companies are learning that money alone cannot solve their hiring issues. D. Now, he notes, it's more about what you need as an employee and how we can make you happy. E. It says the rate at which employers were able to fill weekend schedules dropped from January through August compared with weekday work. F. That contributed to a labor shortage, forcing employers to look for ways to make their jobs seem more attractive while also cutting back on hours of operation. As many American businesses struggle to fill jobs, some have started negotiating demands that used to be non-negotiable for most hourly employees. One of the top demands for many workers is scheduling — the days and times they spend on the job. 47 That means employees are pushing back against requirements to work weekends, late nights or holidays. 48 Therefore, workers can be more careful about the jobs they choose. There were 10.4 million job openings at the end of August and 11.1 million openings the month before. Those numbers are the highest since at least December 2000, when the government started recording the data. At the same time, the U.S. Labor Department said the number of people quitting their jobs jumped to 4.3 million in August from 4 million in July. A recent study from an employment company found that nearly 40 percent of jobseekers worldwide said schedule flexibility was one of their top three issues in career decisions. Instawork is an employment marketplace that connects local businesses with hourly workers. 49 Such changes are happening as companies try to hire more workers for the upcoming holiday season. Target Corporation, for example, said this month it will pay $2 an hour more to employees who agree to work schedules during busy days of the holiday season. Sumir Meghani is co-founder and CEO of Instawork. 50 Hourly workers are now asking how they can get the same work-life balance as workers in other kinds of jobs who can work remotely. During the pandemic (大流行病), hourly workers were hit especially hard when businesses like department stores and restaurants were forced to close for a few months during the spring of 2020. Those who remained employed at essential businesses like grocery stores found themselves working too much and too hard. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Conspiracy Theories Comfort Conspiracy theories are usually explained as a failure of reasoning. The people who hold them, the argument runs, are credulous, or badly educated, or have been misled by something they read online. The explanation is satisfying, and it is almost certainly incomplete: it says nothing about why a belief with no evidential support should be so attractive in the first place. The first thing to notice is that conspiracy theories are not random. They cluster around events that are frightening, large-scale and poorly explained — a pandemic, an assassination, a financial collapse. When something terrible happens and the official account is either thin or self-serving, the mind is left holding an unanswered question. A conspiracy theory supplies the missing answer, and it does so immediately. What it supplies is not only an answer but a particular kind of answer. A conspiracy theory makes the world coherent. Nothing is accidental; everything is connected; the confusion of daily life resolves into a single plan with a single author. For people who feel that events happen to them rather than being shaped by them, this is genuinely consoling. Randomness is harder to live with than malice. There is also a social reward. To accept a conspiracy theory is to join a group that knows something the majority does not, and membership comes with a flattering explanation of why the majority is wrong. The theory also predicts its own rejection: the fact that most people disagree is treated as further evidence that the plot is working. None of this makes the theories true, and it does not mean the beliefs are harmless. But it does suggest that mockery is a poor remedy, since it confirms exactly what the theory predicts — that the sceptical majority is hostile. If the appeal lies in certainty, in coherence and in belonging, then a better response would supply those things honestly: accessible explanations of what is actually known, and a frank admission of what is not. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 旅行是放松和体验新事物的好方法。(way) 53. 提前计划可以帮助你节省时间和金钱。(help) 54. 轻装旅行可以避免携带沉重的行李。(avoid) 55. 尊重当地文化可以避免麻烦。(avoid) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近在一份以历史为主题的英语杂志上看到一则征文通知，题目为 "If I could go back to the past..."。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章投稿，内容须包括： 1. 你最想生活在过去的哪一段时间； 2. 你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $