精品解析：2027届甘肃平凉市静宁县文萃中学二模英语试题

文萃中学2026~2027学年度高三第二次月考 英语 (试卷满分: 150分, 考试时间: 120分钟) 注意事项: 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上, 并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号; 回答非选择题时, 用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后, 请将答题卡上交。 4. 本卷主要命题范围: 北师大版必修第一册~选择性必修第一册 Unit 1。 第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. When will Ben arrive at the restaurant? A. At 7: 30 p. m. B. At 8: 00 p. m. C. At 8: 30 p. m. 2. What will happen to the city centre? A. More pollution. B. Fewer accidents. C. More traffic jams. 3. How will the woman pay? A. By credit card. B. By check. C. In cash. 4. What is the woman complaining about? A. The bad taste of fish. B. The slow service. C. The cold environment. 5. Where are they going probably? A. To a gas station. B. To a restaurant. C. To a theatre. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音, 回答第6、7题。 6. What kind of soup will they make? A. Salty. B. Spicy. C. Sweet and sour. 7. Where will the woman get lemon juice? A. From the market. B. From the kitchen. C. From her mum’s house. 听第7段录音, 回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the man want to go to college? A. In Hong Kong. B. In Shanghai. C. In Beijing. 9. What does Lily want to major in? A. Finance. B. Medicine. C. Computer science. 听第8段录音, 回答第10至12题。 10. Where did Christina and her husband live before? A. Washington. B. Nebraska. C. Texas. 11. What does Bryce do for a living? A. A banker. B. A teacher. C. A designer. 12. What does Christina like to do in her spare time? A. Make furniture. B. Baking cookies. C. Paint. 听第9段录音, 回答第13至16题。 13. How many places did they visit during the trip? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 14. What did the man like in the museum? A. Ancient paintings. B. Old clocks. C. Classic stamps. 15. When did they go to the church? A. In the morning. B. After lunch. C. In the evening. 16. Why did the man fail to buy the book about Durham? A. Because it wasn’t interesting. B. Because it was too expensive. C. Because he didn’t have enough time. 听第10段录音, 回答第17至20题。 17. What will the organization focus on in Texas for the first few days? A. Searching for the people in the most need. B. Feeding first responders and search and rescue teams. C. Collecting the reaction from the people in need. 18. What can we say about the organization? A. It is helpful. B. It has limited resources. C. It faces few challenges. 19. What did Hays think of their work? A. Demanding. B. Boring. C. Satisfying. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. The damage of Hurricane Beryl. B. The establishment of Operation BBQ Relief. C. The relief work of Operation BBQ Relief in Texas. 第二部分阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover World Heritage Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world. Here are 4 World Heritage sites: Historic Centre of Rome Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century. Ancient City of Damascus Founded in 3000 BC, Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of a splendid craft industry, specializing in swords. The city has some 125 monuments from different periods of its history. Old Havana Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish. By the 17th century, it had become one of the Caribbean’s main centres for ship-building. Although it is today a modern city, its old centre remains an interesting mix of Baroque and neoclassical (新古典主义的) monuments. Ancient City of Pingyao Pingyao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries. Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Pingyao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries. 1. Which of the following was last founded? A. Rome. B. Pingyao. C. Havana. D. Damascus. 2. What can we learn from the text? A. Havana became a modern city in the 16th century. B. Damascus was well-known for its craft industry. C. Pingyao was once the major centre for ships in China. D. Rome was founded by the Spanish. 3. In which section of a magazine can we read the text? A. Culture. B. Nature. C. Education. D. Environment. B Dr Kit Prendergast discovered the bee species in Perth’s Kings Park and decided to name it after her dog, Zephyr, after noticing the bee had an unusual doglike nose. Bees don’t have noses. They smell with their antennae (触须), so Dr Prendergast said she was “instantly intrigued by the bee’s very unusual face”. “When I went to identify it, I found it matched no described species, and I was sure that if it was a known species it would be quite easy to identify given how unusual it was in appearance,” she said. Dr Prendergast said she had always dreamed of discovering and describing a new species of native bee. When someone discovers and officially and scientifically describes a new species, they also get the right to name it. “You can name it after something descriptive, a location, or even a famous person or someone who is significant in your life — which is exactly what I did,” Dr Prendergast said. The official name of the new bee species is Leioproctus Zephyr. The word Leioproctus identifies the new species as being part of a very large and varied group of native bees and Zephyr, of course, is the name of Dr Prendergast’s dog. Dr Prendergast said she named the new bee after Zephyr because its face looked similar to a dog’s nose, but also because of the emotional support she got from her pet during her PhD studies. “She has been so important to my mental health and happiness during the challenging period of doing a PhD and beyond,” Dr Prendergast said. The discovery of the new species highlighted the importance of conserving urban habitats and planting native flowers. Dr Prendergast had found the Leioproctus Zephyr in only five urban bushland locations in southwest Western Australia. But her discovery meant they could now be protected. 4. What does the underlined phrase “intrigued by” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Interested in. B. Satisfied with. C. Concerned about. D. Amused by. 5. What does Prendergast advise if someone discovers a new species? A. Get official recognition. B. Name it depending on his own will. C. Describe it to the public in a scientific way. D. Invite famous people to give it a name. 6. What can we infer from Prendergast’s words in Paragraph 5? A. Her dog made a difference to her life. B. People should treat their pets seriously. C. She had some problems in getting PhD. D. Mental health shouldn’t be ignored. 7. What can be learned about the new bee species from the text? A. It has an unusual doglike mouth. B. It was first discovered by the dog named Zephyr. C. People can plant flowers from abroad to protect it. D. It was found in southwest Western Australia. C Researchers in Italy found the more than 2,000-year-old Etruscan and Roman statues in the area of Tuscany. A retired garbage man helped in the discovery of the statues, which lay in mud at the ruins of an ancient spa (矿泉疗养地). Experts called it the biggest collection of ancient bronze (青铜制的) statues ever found in Italy. Some said it was a major finding that would “rewrite history”. Researchers found the statues in 2021 and 2022 in the village of San Casciano dei Bagni. The village still has public baths in operation today. Researchers had long suspected ancient ruins could be discovered at the site. The first few attempts to locate the ancient baths, however, were unsuccessful. Then former garbage man and amateur local historian Stefano Petrini had an idea. He remembered that years earlier he had seen bits of ancient Roman columns on a wall on the other side of the public baths. When Petrini took researchers to the place, they knew they had found the right spot. The statues found there were offerings from Romans and Etruscans who looked to the gods for good health. One of the most amazing finds was the so-called “scrawny boy”, a statue about 90 centimetres high, of a young Roman with a bone disease. A small piece of writing has his name as “Marcius Grabillo”. More unusual offerings were also among smaller objects in the discovery. These included egg shells, pine cones, medical tools and a 2,000-year-old piece of hair. Workers permanently closed the spa about 1,600 years ago. The warm mud of the baths protected the statues. The experts say they may find another six or 12 statues noted in a document found at the site. The archaeologists think that it may have been left by Marcius Grabillo. Petrini hopes the treasures will bring “jobs, culture and knowledge” to his village, which is struggling with depopulation like much of rural Italy. But he does not want to take credit for the discovery. “Important things always happen thanks to several people, never thanks to only one,” he said. “Never.” 8. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The main value of this discovery. B. Identities of the discoverers. C. The process of finding the location. D. The contributions of an amateur historian. 9. What were these discovered statues mainly used for in ancient times? A. Praying for health. B. Recording the death. C. Treating bone diseases. D. Providing unusual offerings. 10. What does the underlined “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. The warm mud. B. The ancient site. C. More relevant information. D. The document discovered on the spot. 11. Which of the following can best describe Stefano Petrini? A. Persistent and ambitious. B. Enthusiastic and humble. C. Adventurous and humorous. D. Knowledgeable and fashionable. D Imagine purchasing a robot to perform household tasks. This robot was built and trained in a factory on a certain set of tasks and has never seen the items in your home. When you ask it to pick up a cup from your kitchen table, it might not recognize your cup. So, the robot fails. “Right now, the way we train these robots, when they fail, we don’t really know why. So you would just throw up your hands and say, ‘OK, I guess we have to start over.’ A critical component that is missing from this system is enabling the robot to demonstrate why it is failing so the user can give it feedback,” says Andi Peng, an electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) graduate student at MIT. Peng and her collaborators at MIT, New York University, and the University of California at Berkeley created a framework that enables humans to quickly teach a robot what they want it to do, with a minimal amount of effort. The researchers tested this technique in simulations and found that it could teach a robot more efficiently than other methods. The robots trained with this framework performed better, while the training process consumed less of a human’s time. More importantly, this framework could help robots learn faster in new environments without requiring a user to have technical knowledge. Robots often fail due to distribution shift. One way to retrain a robot for a specific task is imitation learning. The user could demonstrate the correct task to teach the robot what to do. If a user tries to teach a robot to pick up a cup, but demonstrates with a white cup, the robot could learn that all cups are white. It may then fail to pick up a red or blue cup. “We want robots to do what humans do, and we want them to do it in a meaningful way. At the end of the day, this is really about enabling a robot to learn a good, human-like representation at an abstract level,” Peng says. 12. What may the user do if his robot fails according to the text? A. Let the robot try it again. B. Show it around his kitchen. C. Analyse why the robot failed. D. Give feedback to robot producers. 13. What’s the most important feature about Peng’s framework? A. It requires users to spend much time teaching robots. B. It helps robots distinguish red cups from white cups. C. It enables robots to adapt to new surroundings better. D. It requires robot users to grasp technical knowledge. 14. What will robots be expected to do according to Peng? A. Replace humans to do dangerous tasks. B. Serve humans in a positive way. C. Look like humans even more. D. Obey humans’ order successfully. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Robots Aren’t Experienced in Household Tasks B. Imitation Learning Is of Importance for Robots C. Robots Can’t Completely Meet Human’s Needs D. New Technique Upgrades Robots Who Failed to Do Tasks 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Life is full of ups and downs, and there are times when we cannot depend entirely on our family and friends for support. ___16___ It’s the conversations we have with ourselves in our minds, like having a supportive and encouraging friend inside our head. This simple strategy can have a big impact on how we feel and perform. First, self-talk helps us build confidence in our abilities. ___17___ By consistently repeating positive statements like “I am capable” or “I have the skills to succeed”, individuals internalize these messages, leading to a more positive and confident mindset. This shift in thinking serves as a solid foundation for developing self-assurance and facing challenges head-on. ___18___ When faced with difficult or distressing situations, it is common for us to feel sad, frustrated, or anxious. Engaging in self-talk provides us with a sense of comfort, encouragement, and support. By doing so, self-talk helps you cope with difficult emotions and maintain a more positive outlook on life. Furthermore, self-talk is a tool for self-improvement. By reflecting on strengths and areas for growth, you can set goals and map out steps to reach them. For instance, if shyness holds you back socially, say to yourself “I can be friendly. I will gradually engage in more conversations.” ___19___ In summary, self-talk proves helpful as it offers constant encouragement similar to a real companion. This inner friend strengthens your self-belief, relieves negative feelings, and motivates personal development. ___20___ It truly makes a difference. A. In such moments, self-talk becomes necessary. B. This motivates you towards your goal in a supporting way. C. Self-talk also plays an important role in managing our emotions. D. In addition, self-talk helps build up positive habits and behaviours. E. From now on, be kind and encouraging with your internal dialogue. F. Positive self-talk helps strengthen the belief in overcoming challenges. G. The conversations are centred around personal growth and self-discovery. 第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Over the weekend, a flood damaged houses, roads, and bridges, leaving many people nowhere to go. The powerful flood damaged Hagan’s ____21____, leaving him and his wife ____22____ from the community (社区). He turned to social media but never imagined he would ____23____ a call from his grandson’s coach Ryan Jesop. “The Hagans have done so much for this area, so it was an easy decision to ____24____,” Jesop said. The Switzerland County football coach drew up a plan telling his team to build a new bridge in place of the old ____25____ one. Hagan received a(n) ____26____ that a team would be at his house Monday at 9 a. m. to work. “People I’d never seen before were walking down my driveway to help us,” Hagan said. “It was ____27____ and brought tears to my eyes.” ____28____, the steel frame base structure (钢架基础结构) of the bridge wasn’t damaged by the flooding. Dozens of people went to the bridge and ____29____ the old one plank (木板) by plank. Then the team built it back up by ____30____ an assembly line (流水线). “The ____31____ of our team is to help them through teamwork,” student Linebacker Gabriel Rose said. The team ____32____ the project in only a few hours. “They were here at nine o’clock, and I looked at my ____33____ when it was done and it was 11:45 a.m.,” Hagan said. The Hagans now reconnected with their ____34____ thanks to their grandson’s football team. As for Coach Jesop, he is chalking it up as the biggest ____35____ of the season. 21. A. bridge B. room C. land D. garden 22. A. defended B. excused C. discouraged D. separated 23. A. give B. receive C. pay D. remember 24. A. shift B. cease C. help D. check 25. A. broken B. abandoned C. splendid D. traditional 26. A. order B. message C. report D. opinion 27. A. touching B. shocking C. confusing D. frightening 28. A. Suddenly B. Fundamentally C. Fortunately D. Certainly 29. A. took apart B. took over C. took up D. took off 30. A. preserving B. creating C. transforming D. recording 31. A. mission B. career C. question D. travel 32. A. integrated B. completed C. designed D. examined 33. A. window B. sky C. tree D. watch 34. A. fans B. neighbourhood C. investors D. firm 35. A. win B. leadership C. qualification D. wish 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The dance drama adaptation of the Chinese science classic Tian Gong Kai Wu, or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature, began ____36____ (it) nationwide tour recently in Xiamen, Fujian province, bringing to life a nearly 400-year-old masterpiece. The book,____37____ (write) by Song Yingxing, a scientist who ____38____ (live) during the late Ming Dynasty, was first published in 1637. It offers a su mmary of ancient China’s manufacturing and farming techniques, earning____39____ (recognize) as an encyclopedia(百科全书) of science and technology from that time. The ____40____ (pioneer) work has since been translated ____41____ multiple languages, including English, Japanese, French, German and Russian. “Song was fascinated by the ingenuity and creativity of labourers,” said Xu Binbin, director of the Song Yingxing Memorial Museum. The drama, co-produced by the Jiangxi Cultural Performance Group and the Beijing Dance Academy, is directed by Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan. Lu said, “The drama focuses on Song’s journey to gather the techniques and tools, emphasizing the craftsmanship of ancient Chinese labourers.____42____ graceful dance brings vitality(活力) into this science encyclopedia, ____43____ may otherwise seem cold and boring.” “The dance drama overcomes language ____44____ (barrier), allowing people of different ages and nationalities, especially the younger generation,_____45_____ (gain) insights into China’s scientific and technological development,” Lu said. 第四部分写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你市青少年宫近期将举办地方民俗文化展览，请给你校交换生 Jackson写封邮件，邀请他一同去参观，内容包括： 1.时间和地点； 2.参观内容； 3.注意事项。 参考词汇：地方民俗文化展览 local folklore culture exhibition 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jackson, How are you? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The hospital hallway was crowded with people, and the air was heavy with the smell of disinfectant (消毒剂). Nobody enjoys being in a hospital, especially the little children spending their days stuck in the ward (病房). After another painful treatment, little George’s mum was reading him a comic book, trying to ease his pain and boredom. He turned to his mum, pointing at the superheroes in the book, and asked in a weak voice, “How can I be a superhero?” Despite the heaviness in her heart, his mother forced a smile and answered, “You’ve already shown so much courage and strength. Someday you’ll be able to help others, and that’s what will make you a superhero.” Hearing this, little George’s eyes lit up with a spark of hope. Were it not for the disease, he would have been attending school regularly and might be running around with his friends. However, his days were filled with medical routines. That afternoon, as the window washer Jordan came down the tall building, the usual chatter of kids in the ward fell silent. They rushed to the window, their faces pressed against the cool glass, their breaths fogging up the windows. George asked with wide eyes, “Are you a superhero?” Jordan paused for a second-he didn’t want to disappoint this little boy, but in his plain- looking work suit, he couldn’t tell a lie. He shook his head but managed to strike a heroic pose, reaching out as if to stop an invisible villain (反派), and then continued his work. However, the simple question, accompanied by the children’s longing eyes, sent a wave of emotion through him. When he finished work, he approached the nurses and inquired about the kids’ situation. An idea occurred to him when the nurses mentioned the kids, shared love for superheroes as a form of escape and inspiration. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, Jordan arrived outside the window in a different suit. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With frequent visits from the “Window Superhero”, the change in the ward was obvious. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 文萃中学2026~2027学年度高三第二次月考 英语 (试卷满分: 150分, 考试时间: 120分钟) 注意事项: 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上, 并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号; 回答非选择题时, 用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后, 请将答题卡上交。 4. 本卷主要命题范围: 北师大版必修第一册~选择性必修第一册 Unit 1。 第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. When will Ben arrive at the restaurant? A. At 7: 30 p. m. B. At 8: 00 p. m. C. At 8: 30 p. m. 2. What will happen to the city centre? A. More pollution. B. Fewer accidents. C. More traffic jams. 3. How will the woman pay? A. By credit card. B. By check. C. In cash. 4. What is the woman complaining about? A. The bad taste of fish. B. The slow service. C. The cold environment. 5. Where are they going probably? A. To a gas station. B. To a restaurant. C. To a theatre. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音, 回答第6、7题。 6. What kind of soup will they make? A. Salty. B. Spicy. C. Sweet and sour. 7. Where will the woman get lemon juice? A. From the market. B. From the kitchen. C. From her mum’s house. 听第7段录音, 回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the man want to go to college? A. In Hong Kong. B. In Shanghai. C. In Beijing. 9. What does Lily want to major in? A. Finance. B. Medicine. C. Computer science. 听第8段录音, 回答第10至12题。 10. Where did Christina and her husband live before? A. Washington. B. Nebraska. C. Texas. 11. What does Bryce do for a living? A. A banker. B. A teacher. C. A designer. 12. What does Christina like to do in her spare time? A. Make furniture. B. Baking cookies. C. Paint. 听第9段录音, 回答第13至16题。 13. How many places did they visit during the trip? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 14. What did the man like in the museum? A. Ancient paintings. B. Old clocks. C. Classic stamps. 15. When did they go to the church? A. In the morning. B. After lunch. C. In the evening. 16. Why did the man fail to buy the book about Durham? A. Because it wasn’t interesting. B. Because it was too expensive. C. Because he didn’t have enough time. 听第10段录音, 回答第17至20题。 17. What will the organization focus on in Texas for the first few days? A. Searching for the people in the most need. B. Feeding first responders and search and rescue teams. C. Collecting the reaction from the people in need. 18. What can we say about the organization? A. It is helpful. B. It has limited resources. C. It faces few challenges. 19. What did Hays think of their work? A. Demanding. B. Boring. C. Satisfying. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. The damage of Hurricane Beryl. B. The establishment of Operation BBQ Relief. C. The relief work of Operation BBQ Relief in Texas. 第二部分阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover World Heritage Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world. Here are 4 World Heritage sites: Historic Centre of Rome Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century. Ancient City of Damascus Founded in 3000 BC, Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of a splendid craft industry, specializing in swords. The city has some 125 monuments from different periods of its history. Old Havana Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish. By the 17th century, it had become one of the Caribbean’s main centres for ship-building. Although it is today a modern city, its old centre remains an interesting mix of Baroque and neoclassical (新古典主义的) monuments. Ancient City of Pingyao Pingyao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries. Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Pingyao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries. 1. Which of the following was last founded? A. Rome. B. Pingyao. C. Havana. D. Damascus. 2. What can we learn from the text? A. Havana became a modern city in the 16th century. B. Damascus was well-known for its craft industry. C. Pingyao was once the major centre for ships in China. D. Rome was founded by the Spanish. 3. In which section of a magazine can we read the text? A. Culture. B. Nature. C. Education. D. Environment. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上四处世界文化遗产的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Historic Centre of Rome部分中“Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC(据传说，罗马由罗穆卢斯和雷穆斯于公元前753年建立)”；Ancient City of Damascus部分中“Founded in 3000 BC, Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East.(大马士革建于公元前3000年，是中东最古老的城市之一)”；Old Havana部分中“Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish.(哈瓦那于1519年由西班牙人建立)”及Ancient City of Pingyao部分中“Pingyao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries.(始建于14世纪的平遥，展现了五个世纪间中国古代王朝建筑风格与城市规划的演变历程)”可知，Havana是最晚建立的。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ancient City of Damascus部分中“In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of a splendid craft industry, specializing in swords.(在中世纪，它是杰出的手工艺制作的中心，尤其是剑器)”可知，Damascus曾经因为手工艺制作产业而闻名。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world.(遗产是往昔留存的瑰宝，是我们当下赖以存续的根基，亦是我们将传承给子孙后代的财富。为了保护人类共同遗产，联合国教科文组织对全球数百处自然与文化双重世界遗产地进行着保护)”可知，文章核心是介绍四处世界文化遗产，世界遗产属于文化范畴，因此最可能出现在杂志的文化版块。故选A。 B Dr Kit Prendergast discovered the bee species in Perth’s Kings Park and decided to name it after her dog, Zephyr, after noticing the bee had an unusual doglike nose. Bees don’t have noses. They smell with their antennae (触须), so Dr Prendergast said she was “instantly intrigued by the bee’s very unusual face”. “When I went to identify it, I found it matched no described species, and I was sure that if it was a known species it would be quite easy to identify given how unusual it was in appearance,” she said. Dr Prendergast said she had always dreamed of discovering and describing a new species of native bee. When someone discovers and officially and scientifically describes a new species, they also get the right to name it. “You can name it after something descriptive, a location, or even a famous person or someone who is significant in your life — which is exactly what I did,” Dr Prendergast said. The official name of the new bee species is Leioproctus Zephyr. The word Leioproctus identifies the new species as being part of a very large and varied group of native bees and Zephyr, of course, is the name of Dr Prendergast’s dog. Dr Prendergast said she named the new bee after Zephyr because its face looked similar to a dog’s nose, but also because of the emotional support she got from her pet during her PhD studies. “She has been so important to my mental health and happiness during the challenging period of doing a PhD and beyond,” Dr Prendergast said. The discovery of the new species highlighted the importance of conserving urban habitats and planting native flowers. Dr Prendergast had found the Leioproctus Zephyr in only five urban bushland locations in southwest Western Australia. But her discovery meant they could now be protected. 4. What does the underlined phrase “intrigued by” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Interested in. B. Satisfied with. C. Concerned about. D. Amused by. 5. What does Prendergast advise if someone discovers a new species? A. Get official recognition. B. Name it depending on his own will. C. Describe it to the public in a scientific way. D. Invite famous people to give it a name. 6. What can we infer from Prendergast’s words in Paragraph 5? A. Her dog made a difference to her life. B. People should treat their pets seriously. C. She had some problems in getting PhD. D. Mental health shouldn’t be ignored. 7. What can be learned about the new bee species from the text? A. It has an unusual doglike mouth. B. It was first discovered by the dog named Zephyr. C. People can plant flowers from abroad to protect it. D. It was found in southwest Western Australia. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。Kit Prendergast博士在珀斯发现一种长着“狗鼻子”的新蜜蜂，用爱犬Zephyr命名，文章描述发现过程、命名规则，并强调该发现对生态保护的意义。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“They smell with their antennae (它们用触角来嗅气味)”和第三句中的“When I went to identify it, I found it matched no described species, and I was sure that if it was a known species it would be quite easy to identify given how unusual it was in appearance (当我去对其进行鉴定时，我发现它与任何描述的物种都不相符。而且我确信，如果它是一种已知的物种的话，鉴于其外观的奇特之处，应该很容易进行识别的。)”可知，Prendergast博士对这种蜜蜂极为奇特的面部特征产生了兴趣从而进行研究，intrigued by意为“对……产生兴趣”。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“When someone discovers and officially and scientifically describes a new species, they also get the right to name it. “You can name it after something descriptive, a location, or even a famous person or someone who is significant in your life — which is exactly what I did,” Dr Prendergast said.(当有人发现并正式且科学地描述出一个新物种时，他们也就获得了对该物种进行命名的权利。“你可以根据某个描述性的词语、某个地点、甚至是一位名人或者是你生命中重要人物的名字来为其命名——而我就是这么做的。”Prendergast博士说道。)”可知，如果有人发现了一种新物种，Prendergast建议其按照自己的意愿命名它。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Dr Prendergast said she named the new bee after Zephyr because its face looked similar to a dog’s nose, but also because of the emotional support she got from her pet during her PhD studies.(Prendergast博士表示，她将这种新蜜蜂命名为“泽弗尔”，是因为它的脸型看起来与狗的鼻子相似，同时这也是因为她博士研究期间从宠物那里获得了情感上的支持。)”可知，Prendergast博士的狗对她的生活有重要意义。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Dr Prendergast had found the Leioproctus Zephyr in only five urban bushland locations in southwest Western Australia.(Prendergast博士仅在西澳大利亚州西南部的五个城市周边的灌木丛区域发现了这种名为“Leioproctus Zephyr”的生物。)”可知，这种新的蜜蜂物种是在西澳大利亚州西南部被发现的。故选D。 C Researchers in Italy found the more than 2,000-year-old Etruscan and Roman statues in the area of Tuscany. A retired garbage man helped in the discovery of the statues, which lay in mud at the ruins of an ancient spa (矿泉疗养地). Experts called it the biggest collection of ancient bronze (青铜制的) statues ever found in Italy. Some said it was a major finding that would “rewrite history”. Researchers found the statues in 2021 and 2022 in the village of San Casciano dei Bagni. The village still has public baths in operation today. Researchers had long suspected ancient ruins could be discovered at the site. The first few attempts to locate the ancient baths, however, were unsuccessful. Then former garbage man and amateur local historian Stefano Petrini had an idea. He remembered that years earlier he had seen bits of ancient Roman columns on a wall on the other side of the public baths. When Petrini took researchers to the place, they knew they had found the right spot. The statues found there were offerings from Romans and Etruscans who looked to the gods for good health. One of the most amazing finds was the so-called “scrawny boy”, a statue about 90 centimetres high, of a young Roman with a bone disease. A small piece of writing has his name as “Marcius Grabillo”. More unusual offerings were also among smaller objects in the discovery. These included egg shells, pine cones, medical tools and a 2,000-year-old piece of hair. Workers permanently closed the spa about 1,600 years ago. The warm mud of the baths protected the statues. The experts say they may find another six or 12 statues noted in a document found at the site. The archaeologists think that it may have been left by Marcius Grabillo. Petrini hopes the treasures will bring “jobs, culture and knowledge” to his village, which is struggling with depopulation like much of rural Italy. But he does not want to take credit for the discovery. “Important things always happen thanks to several people, never thanks to only one,” he said. “Never.” 8. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The main value of this discovery. B. Identities of the discoverers. C. The process of finding the location. D. The contributions of an amateur historian. 9. What were these discovered statues mainly used for in ancient times? A. Praying for health. B. Recording the death. C. Treating bone diseases. D. Providing unusual offerings. 10. What does the underlined “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. The warm mud. B. The ancient site. C. More relevant information. D. The document discovered on the spot. 11. Which of the following can best describe Stefano Petrini? A. Persistent and ambitious. B. Enthusiastic and humble. C. Adventurous and humorous. D. Knowledgeable and fashionable. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利的研究人员在托斯卡纳地区发现了有2000多年历史的伊特鲁里亚和罗马雕像。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Researchers found the statues in 2021 and 2022 in the village of San Casciano dei Bagni. The village still has public baths in operation today. Researchers had long suspected ancient ruins could be discovered at the site. The first few attempts to locate the ancient baths, however, were unsuccessful. Then former garbage man and amateur local historian Stefano Petrini had an idea. He remembered that years earlier he had seen bits of ancient Roman columns on a wall on the other side of the public baths. When Petrini took researchers to the place, they knew they had found the right spot.(研究人员于2021年和2022年在圣卡夏诺-代伊巴尼村发现了这些雕像。该村至今仍在运营公共浴场。长期以来，研究人员一直怀疑该遗址可能藏有古代遗迹。然而，最初几次寻找古浴场的尝试均未成功。后来，曾做过垃圾清运工的当地业余历史学家斯特凡诺·佩特里尼想到了一个办法。他回忆起多年前曾在公共浴场另一侧的一堵墙上见过古罗马立柱的碎片。当佩特里尼带研究人员前往该地时，他们知道自己找对了地方)”可知，本段主要讲述遗迹发现的过程。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The statues found there were offerings from Romans and Etruscans who looked to the gods for good health.(在那里发现的那些雕像，是罗马人和伊特鲁里亚人所献上的祭品，他们祈求神灵赐予他们健康)”可知，发现的雕像在古代主要用于祈求神灵保佑身体健康。故选A。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文中“The experts say they may find another six or 12 statues noted in a document found at the site.(专家表示，他们或许能找到该遗址出土文献中记载的另外 6 到 12 尊雕像。)”可知，画线单词it指代现场发现的文献资料。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Then former garbage man and amateur local historian Stefano Petrini had an idea. He remembered that years earlier he had seen bits of ancient Roman columns on a wall on the other side of the public baths. When Petrini took researchers to the place, they knew they had found the right spot.(后来，曾做过垃圾清运工的当地业余历史学家斯特凡诺·佩特里尼想到了一个办法。他回忆起多年前曾在公共浴场另一侧的一堵墙上见过古罗马立柱的碎片。当佩特里尼带研究人员前往该地时，他们知道自己找对了地方)”和最后一段““Important things always happen thanks to several people, never thanks to only one,” he said. (他说：“重要的事情总是因为多个人的努力才得以实现，而不是仅仅靠一个人的功劳。”)”可知，这位业余的历史爱好者对历史充满热情且为人谦虚，认为功劳不是他一个人的。故选B。 D Imagine purchasing a robot to perform household tasks. This robot was built and trained in a factory on a certain set of tasks and has never seen the items in your home. When you ask it to pick up a cup from your kitchen table, it might not recognize your cup. So, the robot fails. “Right now, the way we train these robots, when they fail, we don’t really know why. So you would just throw up your hands and say, ‘OK, I guess we have to start over.’ A critical component that is missing from this system is enabling the robot to demonstrate why it is failing so the user can give it feedback,” says Andi Peng, an electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) graduate student at MIT. Peng and her collaborators at MIT, New York University, and the University of California at Berkeley created a framework that enables humans to quickly teach a robot what they want it to do, with a minimal amount of effort. The researchers tested this technique in simulations and found that it could teach a robot more efficiently than other methods. The robots trained with this framework performed better, while the training process consumed less of a human’s time. More importantly, this framework could help robots learn faster in new environments without requiring a user to have technical knowledge. Robots often fail due to distribution shift. One way to retrain a robot for a specific task is imitation learning. The user could demonstrate the correct task to teach the robot what to do. If a user tries to teach a robot to pick up a cup, but demonstrates with a white cup, the robot could learn that all cups are white. It may then fail to pick up a red or blue cup. “We want robots to do what humans do, and we want them to do it in a meaningful way. At the end of the day, this is really about enabling a robot to learn a good, human-like representation at an abstract level,” Peng says. 12. What may the user do if his robot fails according to the text? A. Let the robot try it again. B. Show it around his kitchen. C. Analyse why the robot failed. D. Give feedback to robot producers. 13. What’s the most important feature about Peng’s framework? A. It requires users to spend much time teaching robots. B. It helps robots distinguish red cups from white cups. C. It enables robots to adapt to new surroundings better. D. It requires robot users to grasp technical knowledge. 14. What will robots be expected to do according to Peng? A. Replace humans to do dangerous tasks. B. Serve humans in a positive way. C. Look like humans even more. D. Obey humans’ order successfully. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Robots Aren’t Experienced in Household Tasks B. Imitation Learning Is of Importance for Robots C. Robots Can’t Completely Meet Human’s Needs D. New Technique Upgrades Robots Who Failed to Do Tasks 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了彭及其合作者们构建的一个框架，这个技术能够升级失败机器人，通过新技术解决机器人失败问题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的““Right now, the way we train these robots, when they fail, we don’t really know why. So you would just throw up your hands and say, ‘OK, I guess we have to start over.’ A critical component that is missing from this system is enabling the robot to demonstrate why it is failing so the user can give it feedback,” says Andi Peng, an electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) graduate student at MIT. (麻省理工学院电子工程与计算机科学专业研究生安迪·彭表示：“目前我们训练这些机器人的方式存在一个问题——当它们出现故障时，我们其实并不清楚具体原因。这种情况下，你只能束手无策，然后说‘好吧，看来我们得重新开始了’。这套系统缺少一个关键组成部分，那就是让机器人能够说明自身故障的原因，这样用户才能据此为它提供反馈。”)”可知，如果用户的机器人出现故障，可以让机器人重新开始训练。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“More importantly, this framework could help robots learn faster in new environments without requiring a user to have technical knowledge.(更重要的是，这种框架能够帮助机器人在新的环境中更快地学习，而无需用户具备技术知识。)”可知，彭的框架最重要的特点是它使得机器人能够更好地适应新的环境。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We want robots to do what humans do, and we want them to do it in a meaningful way.(我们希望机器人能够完成人类所从事的工作，并且希望这些工作能够具有一定的意义性。)”可知，彭期待机器人以积极的方式服务人类。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagine purchasing a robot to perform household tasks. This robot was built and trained in a factory on a certain set of tasks and has never seen the items in your home. When you ask it to pick up a cup from your kitchen table, it might not recognize your cup. So, the robot fails.(想象一下，你购买了一台机器人来承担家务任务。这台机器人是在一家工厂里按照特定的任务要求进行制造和训练的，它从未见过你家里的物品。当你让它从厨房桌子上拿起一个杯子时，它可能无法认出你的杯子。所以，机器人就无法完成任务了。)”和第三段“Peng and her collaborators at MIT, New York University, and the University of California at Berkeley created a framework that enables humans to quickly teach a robot what they want it to do, with a minimal amount of effort.(彭及其在麻省理工学院、纽约大学和加州大学伯克利分校的合作者们构建了一个框架，使得人类能够以极小的精力快速教会机器人他们希望机器人完成的任务。)”可知，文章主要介绍了彭及其合作者们构建的一个框架，这个技术能够升级失败机器人，通过新技术解决机器人失败问题。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Life is full of ups and downs, and there are times when we cannot depend entirely on our family and friends for support. ___16___ It’s the conversations we have with ourselves in our minds, like having a supportive and encouraging friend inside our head. This simple strategy can have a big impact on how we feel and perform. First, self-talk helps us build confidence in our abilities. ___17___ By consistently repeating positive statements like “I am capable” or “I have the skills to succeed”, individuals internalize these messages, leading to a more positive and confident mindset. This shift in thinking serves as a solid foundation for developing self-assurance and facing challenges head-on. ___18___ When faced with difficult or distressing situations, it is common for us to feel sad, frustrated, or anxious. Engaging in self-talk provides us with a sense of comfort, encouragement, and support. By doing so, self-talk helps you cope with difficult emotions and maintain a more positive outlook on life. Furthermore, self-talk is a tool for self-improvement. By reflecting on strengths and areas for growth, you can set goals and map out steps to reach them. For instance, if shyness holds you back socially, say to yourself “I can be friendly. I will gradually engage in more conversations.” ___19___ In summary, self-talk proves helpful as it offers constant encouragement similar to a real companion. This inner friend strengthens your self-belief, relieves negative feelings, and motivates personal development. ___20___ It truly makes a difference. A. In such moments, self-talk becomes necessary. B. This motivates you towards your goal in a supporting way. C. Self-talk also plays an important role in managing our emotions. D. In addition, self-talk helps build up positive habits and behaviours. E. From now on, be kind and encouraging with your internal dialogue. F. Positive self-talk helps strengthen the belief in overcoming challenges. G. The conversations are centred around personal growth and self-discovery. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍自我对话的多重作用，它可以增强自信、调节情绪、助力自我提升，是陪伴我们的内在力量。 【16题详解】 前文“Life is full of ups and downs, and there are times when we cannot depend entirely on our family and friends for support.(人生充满起伏，有时我们无法完全依靠家人和朋友获得支持。)”点明无人可以依靠的困境时刻，后文“It’s the conversations we have with ourselves in our minds, like having a supportive and encouraging friend inside our head.(它就是我们脑海中和自己的对话，如同心里住着一个支持、鼓励我们的朋友。)”解释什么是“和自己对话”。A项“In such moments, self-talk becomes necessary.(在这样的时刻，自我对话就变得很有必要。)”承接上文的处境，引出下文对自我对话的介绍，符合语境。 【17题详解】 前文“First, self-talk helps us build confidence in our abilities.(首先，自我对话有助于建立能力自信。)”为本段主旨句，后文“By consistently repeating positive statements like “I am capable” or “I have the skills to succeed”, individuals internalize these messages, leading to a more positive and confident mindset.(通过不断重复“我能行”或“我具备成功所需的能力”这类积极暗示语，人们会把这些想法内化，进而形成更加积极自信的心态。)”讲积极自我暗示的做法与效果。F项“Positive self-talk helps strengthen the belief in overcoming challenges.(积极的自我对话有助于坚定战胜困难的信念。)”紧扣本段自信主题，衔接上下文，符合语境。 【18题详解】 本空是本段主题句。后文“When faced with difficult or distressing situations, it is common for us to feel sad, frustrated, or anxious. Engaging in self-talk provides us with a sense of comfort, encouragement, and support. By doing so, self-talk helps you cope with difficult emotions and maintain a more positive outlook on life.(当面对艰难或令人苦恼的处境时，我们常常会感到悲伤、沮丧或是焦虑。进行自我对话能带给我们慰藉、鼓励与支撑。借助这种方式，自我对话可以帮助你应对负面情绪，保持更加积极的人生态度。)”围绕情绪调节展开。C项“Self-talk also plays an important role in managing our emotions.(自我对话在情绪管理方面也发挥重要作用。)”总领本段，符合语境。 【19题详解】 前文“For instance, if shyness holds you back socially, say to yourself “I can be friendly. I will gradually engage in more conversations.”(例如，如果害羞阻碍社交，你可以告诉自己“我可以友善待人，我会慢慢多与人交流。”)”举了用自我对话助力目标的例子。B项“This motivates you towards your goal in a supporting way.(这会以一种鼓励的方式推动你朝着目标前进。)”中的This指代前面这句自我鼓励的话，承接例子，符合语境。 【20题详解】 前文“In summary, self-talk proves helpful as it offers constant encouragement similar to a real companion. This inner friend strengthens your self-belief, relieves negative feelings, and motivates personal development.(总而言之，自我对话被证实是有益的，因为它能提供持续的鼓励，如同一位真实的同伴。这位内心的朋友增强你的自信、缓解负面情绪，并推动个人成长。)”对全文进行总结，E项“From now on, be kind and encouraging with your internal dialogue.(从现在开始，善待自己，用鼓励的方式进行内心对话。)”发出呼吁，收束全文，符合语境。 第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Over the weekend, a flood damaged houses, roads, and bridges, leaving many people nowhere to go. The powerful flood damaged Hagan’s ____21____, leaving him and his wife ____22____ from the community (社区). He turned to social media but never imagined he would ____23____ a call from his grandson’s coach Ryan Jesop. “The Hagans have done so much for this area, so it was an easy decision to ____24____,” Jesop said. The Switzerland County football coach drew up a plan telling his team to build a new bridge in place of the old ____25____ one. Hagan received a(n) ____26____ that a team would be at his house Monday at 9 a. m. to work. “People I’d never seen before were walking down my driveway to help us,” Hagan said. “It was ____27____ and brought tears to my eyes.” ____28____, the steel frame base structure (钢架基础结构) of the bridge wasn’t damaged by the flooding. Dozens of people went to the bridge and ____29____ the old one plank (木板) by plank. Then the team built it back up by ____30____ an assembly line (流水线). “The ____31____ of our team is to help them through teamwork,” student Linebacker Gabriel Rose said. The team ____32____ the project in only a few hours. “They were here at nine o’clock, and I looked at my ____33____ when it was done and it was 11:45 a.m.,” Hagan said. The Hagans now reconnected with their ____34____ thanks to their grandson’s football team. As for Coach Jesop, he is chalking it up as the biggest ____35____ of the season. 21. A. bridge B. room C. land D. garden 22. A. defended B. excused C. discouraged D. separated 23. A. give B. receive C. pay D. remember 24. A. shift B. cease C. help D. check 25. A. broken B. abandoned C. splendid D. traditional 26. A. order B. message C. report D. opinion 27. A. touching B. shocking C. confusing D. frightening 28. A. Suddenly B. Fundamentally C. Fortunately D. Certainly 29. A. took apart B. took over C. took up D. took off 30. A. preserving B. creating C. transforming D. recording 31. A. mission B. career C. question D. travel 32. A. integrated B. completed C. designed D. examined 33. A. window B. sky C. tree D. watch 34. A. fans B. neighbourhood C. investors D. firm 35. A. win B. leadership C. qualification D. wish 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了洪水损坏了Hagan家的桥梁，社区足球队迅速行动，帮助他们重建桥梁的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：强大的洪水冲毁了Hagan的桥，使他和他的妻子与社区隔绝。A. bridge桥；B. room房间；C. land土地；D. garden花园。根据后文“The Switzerland County football coach drew up a plan telling his team to build a new bridge”可知，此处指洪水冲毁了Hagan的桥。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：强大的洪水冲毁了Hagan的桥，使他和他的妻子与社区隔绝。A. defended防御；B. excused原谅；C. discouraged使气馁；D. separated使分开。根据前文“The powerful flood damaged Hagan’s ____ ”可知，桥被毁了，Hagan和妻子与社区分离了。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他求助于社交媒体，但从未想过会接到他孙子的教练Ryan Jesop的电话。A. give给予；B. receive接收；C. pay支付；D. remember记得。根据后文“a call from his grandson’s coach Ryan Jesop”可知，此处指Hagan从未想过会接到孙子的教练打来的电话。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Hagan一家为这个地区做了这么多，所以帮助他们是一个很容易的决定，”Jesop说。A. shift转移；B. cease停止；C. help帮助；D. check检查。根据前文“The Hagans have done so much for this area”可知，因为Hagan一家为这个地区做了很多，所以此处指帮助Hagan一家是一个很容易的决定。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瑞士郡足球队教练制定了一个计划，告诉他的球队要建一座新桥来代替那座旧的断桥。A. broken破损的；B. abandoned被遗弃的；C. splendid极好的；D. traditional传统的。根据前文“build a new bridge in place of the old”可知，此处指用新桥代替那座旧的破损的老桥。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hagan收到一条消息，说周一上午9点会有一个团队到他家来工作。A. order命令；B. message消息；C. report报告；D. opinion观点。根据后文“that a team would be at his house Monday at 9 a. m. to work”可知，周一上午9点会有一个团队到他家工作，这是他收到的消息。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它很感人，让我热泪盈眶。A. touching感人的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据后文“brought tears to my eyes”可知，此处指Hagan被这些人的行为所感动。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这座桥的钢架基础结构没有被洪水破坏。A. Suddenly突然；B. Fundamentally基本上；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Certainly当然。根据后文“the steel frame base structure of the bridge wasn’t damaged by the flooding”可知，此处指这座桥的钢架基础结构没有被洪水破坏是幸运的。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几十个人来到桥上，一块一块地把旧桥拆开。A. took apart拆开；B. took over接管；C. took up占据；D. took off起飞。根据后文“the old one plank by plank”可知，此处指把旧桥一块一块地拆开。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后球队通过创建一条流水线把它重新建了起来。A. preserving保存；B. creating创建；C. transforming转变；D. recording记录。根据后文“an assembly line”可知，此处指团队通过创建一条流水线把桥重新建了起来。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们团队的使命是通过团队合作来帮助他们，”学生Linebacker Gabriel Rose说。A. mission使命；B. career职业；C. question问题；D. travel旅行。根据后文“to help them through teamwork”可知，此处指团队的使命。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个团队只用了几个小时就完成了这个项目。A. integrated整合；B. completed完成；C. designed设计；D. examined检查。根据后文“the project in only a few hours”及“when it was done”可知，此处指这个团队完成了这个项目。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hagan说：“他们九点钟就来了，当桥修好的时候，我看了看表，时间是11点45分。”A. window窗户；B. sky天空；C. tree树；D. watch手表。根据后文“it was 11:45 a.m.”可知，此处指Hagan看了看表。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们孙子的足球队，Hagan一家现在与他们的社区重新建立了联系。A. fans粉丝；B. neighbourhood社区；C. investors投资者；D. firm公司。根据前文“leaving him and his wife ____ from the community”可知，之前洪水使他们和社区分开了，所以现在桥修好了，他们就和社区重新建立了联系。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于教练Jesop，他把这视为本赛季最大的胜利。A. win胜利；B. leadership领导；C. qualification资格；D. wish愿望。根据前文“The team ____ the project”可知，这个球队完成了桥的重建，教练Jesop把这视为本赛季最大的胜利。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The dance drama adaptation of the Chinese science classic Tian Gong Kai Wu, or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature, began ____36____ (it) nationwide tour recently in Xiamen, Fujian province, bringing to life a nearly 400-year-old masterpiece. The book,____37____ (write) by Song Yingxing, a scientist who ____38____ (live) during the late Ming Dynasty, was first published in 1637. It offers a su mmary of ancient China’s manufacturing and farming techniques, earning____39____ (recognize) as an encyclopedia(百科全书) of science and technology from that time. The ____40____ (pioneer) work has since been translated ____41____ multiple languages, including English, Japanese, French, German and Russian. “Song was fascinated by the ingenuity and creativity of labourers,” said Xu Binbin, director of the Song Yingxing Memorial Museum. The drama, co-produced by the Jiangxi Cultural Performance Group and the Beijing Dance Academy, is directed by Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan. Lu said, “The drama focuses on Song’s journey to gather the techniques and tools, emphasizing the craftsmanship of ancient Chinese labourers.____42____ graceful dance brings vitality(活力) into this science encyclopedia, ____43____ may otherwise seem cold and boring.” “The dance drama overcomes language ____44____ (barrier), allowing people of different ages and nationalities, especially the younger generation,_____45_____ (gain) insights into China’s scientific and technological development,” Lu said. 【答案】36. its 37. written 38. lived 39. recognition 40. pioneering 41. into 42. The 43. which 44. barriers 45. to gain 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。《天工开物》的舞剧改编版近期在厦门开启全国巡演。这本书由宋应星所写，是古代科技百科全书，已被译为多语种。该舞剧由多方联合制作，优美舞蹈为其增添活力，还能让不同人群了解中国科技发展。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意：改编自中国科学经典《天工开物》的舞剧近日在福建厦门开始了全国巡演，将这部近400年历史的杰作呈现在人们的生活中。根据后面tour的提示可知，此处应该用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填its。 【37题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：这本书由生活在明末的科学家宋应星所著，于1637年首次出版。根据was first published可知， write在句中用非谓语动词作定语，与逻辑主语 The book为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填written。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意同上。根据后面的时间状语during the late Ming Dynasty可知，此处应该用一般过去时，live作who引导的定语从句的谓语动词，故填lived。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：它概述了中国古代的制造业和农业技术，被认为是当时的科技百科全书。 前文earning是动词，此处填名词形式recognition作宾语，recognition是不可数名词。故填 recognition。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这部开创性的作品已被翻译成多种语言，包括英语、日语、法语、德语和俄语。此处填形容词修饰名词work。故填pioneering。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这部开创性的作品已被翻译成多种语言，包括英语、日语、法语、德语和俄语。translate…into…，固定短语，表示“把……翻译为……”。故填into。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：优美的舞蹈为这本科学百科全书带来了活力，否则它可能会显得冷漠和无聊。graceful dance 特指前文中《天工开物》的舞剧，用定冠词限定。位于句首，故填The。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，句中缺少主语，指代this science encyclopedia，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：“舞剧克服了语言障碍，让不同年龄和国籍的人，尤其是年轻一代，了解中国的科技发展，”卢说。language barriers意为“语言障碍”，此处表示不止一种障碍，用名词复数。故填barriers。 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意同上。allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to gain。 第四部分写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你市青少年宫近期将举办地方民俗文化展览，请给你校交换生 Jackson写封邮件，邀请他一同去参观，内容包括： 1.时间和地点； 2.参观内容； 3.注意事项。 参考词汇：地方民俗文化展览 local folklore culture exhibition 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jackson, How are you? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jackson, How are you? I’m writing to invite you to visit the local folklore culture exhibition with me. It will be held at the Youth Palace of our city from 9 am to 5 pm next Saturday. At the exhibition, we can see various traditional crafts like paper-cutting and pottery, watch folk dance performances, and even try making some simple handicrafts. It’s a great chance to learn about our local culture. Please remember to wear comfortable shoes as we’ll walk a lot. Also, taking photos is allowed, so you can bring your camera. Looking forward to your reply. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你市青少年宫近期将举办地方民俗文化展览这一情况，给你校交换生Jackson写封邮件，邀请他一同去参观。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：held→ host 各种各样的：various→ all kinds of 机会：chance→ opportunity 此外：Also→ Besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It will be held at the Youth Palace of our city from 9 am to 5 pm next Saturday. 拓展句：It will be held at the Youth Palace of our city, which will open from 9 am to 5 pm next Saturday. 【点睛】【高分句型1】At the exhibition, we can see various traditional crafts like paper-cutting and pottery, watch folk dance performances, and even try making some simple handicrafts.（运用了and连接的并列谓语动词的并列句型。） 【高分句型2】It’s a great chance to learn about our local culture.（运用了it作形式主语，动词不定式to do作真正主语的固定句型。） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The hospital hallway was crowded with people, and the air was heavy with the smell of disinfectant (消毒剂). Nobody enjoys being in a hospital, especially the little children spending their days stuck in the ward (病房). After another painful treatment, little George’s mum was reading him a comic book, trying to ease his pain and boredom. He turned to his mum, pointing at the superheroes in the book, and asked in a weak voice, “How can I be a superhero?” Despite the heaviness in her heart, his mother forced a smile and answered, “You’ve already shown so much courage and strength. Someday you’ll be able to help others, and that’s what will make you a superhero.” Hearing this, little George’s eyes lit up with a spark of hope. Were it not for the disease, he would have been attending school regularly and might be running around with his friends. However, his days were filled with medical routines. That afternoon, as the window washer Jordan came down the tall building, the usual chatter of kids in the ward fell silent. They rushed to the window, their faces pressed against the cool glass, their breaths fogging up the windows. George asked with wide eyes, “Are you a superhero?” Jordan paused for a second-he didn’t want to disappoint this little boy, but in his plain- looking work suit, he couldn’t tell a lie. He shook his head but managed to strike a heroic pose, reaching out as if to stop an invisible villain (反派), and then continued his work. However, the simple question, accompanied by the children’s longing eyes, sent a wave of emotion through him. When he finished work, he approached the nurses and inquired about the kids’ situation. An idea occurred to him when the nurses mentioned the kids, shared love for superheroes as a form of escape and inspiration. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, Jordan arrived outside the window in a different suit. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With frequent visits from the “Window Superhero”, the change in the ward was obvious. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The next day, Jordan arrived outside the window in a different suit. Dressed in a costume and mask, he transformed into the superhero of every child’s dreams. He waved enthusiastically and called out, “Hey there! I have heard there are some little heroes facing tough times, and I’m here to fight alongside you!” The children’s faces lit up with joy. George, in particular, radiated hope and surprise, his frail body seemingly infused with the energy of a thousand suns. From that day on, Jordan made frequent visits, performing simple magic tricks and passing books through the window. With frequent visits from the“Window Superhero”, the change in the ward was obvious. The once dim and dreary halls now echoed with the laughter of children. Jordan’s heartwarming visits allowed them to momentarily forget their pain, providing immense mental relief. Even the most routine procedures became more bearable for George, as if the belief in superheroes gave him the strength to endure. The stories his mother read to him came to life, planting seeds of bravery and kindness in his heart. The hospital transformed into a place where laughter was the best medicine, hope was the ultimate cure, and an ordinary person became a superhero through simple yet profound acts of kindness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以医院病房里的孩子们对超级英雄的向往为线索展开，讲述了身患疾病的小乔治在治疗的痛苦中询问妈妈怎样才能成为超级英雄，恰逢擦窗工Jordan在高空作业时被孩子们的“超级英雄”提问触动，在了解到孩子们都渴望以超级英雄作为精神寄托后，萌生了暖心想法的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写Jordan换上超级英雄装扮出现在窗外，给病房里的孩子们带来巨大惊喜，后续他坚持定期来窗边给孩子们送小惊喜的日常。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写孩子们状态的转变，尤其是小乔治面对治疗时变得更加勇敢，最终点明普通人用善意也能成为别人生命里超级英雄的主题。 2. 续写线索：换装登场——惊喜互动——定期探望——状态转变——直面病痛——感悟升华 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①改变：transform/convert/reshape​ ②忍受：endure/bear/tolerate 情绪类 ①充满热情地：enthusiastically/passionately ②宽慰：relief/comfort/reassurance 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I have heard there are some little heroes facing tough times, and I’m here to fight alongside you!(运用了省略that的宾语从句) 【高分句型 2】The hospital transformed into a place where laughter was the best medicine, hope was the ultimate cure, and an ordinary person became a superhero through simple yet profound acts of kindness.(运用了where引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $