4.3（课件）Customer Service-Language Practice-Grammar 状语从句-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）【上好课】

状 语 从 句 Language Practice 英语3 基础模块（第三版） Unit4 Customer Service I bought a new iPhone Duo, but… Customer: Excuse me! There's a strange line on my new iPhone Duo's folding screen. Customer Service: I'm sorry to hear that. When did you buy it? Customer: Yesterday! I'm really upset because I just bought it. Customer Service: Don't worry. If you bring it to our store, we will check it for you. Customer: Thank you so much! Look at the highlighted words. What information do they tell us? By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: 1. Identify the nine types of adverbial clauses and understand the meanings and functions of their conjunctions. 2. Distinguish commonly confused conjunctions and apply appropriate grammatical structures and tense rules in different contexts. 3. Use adverbial clauses accurately to explain problems, express ideas, and offer solutions in everyday and customer service situations. Learning Objectives 什么是状语？ 我打篮球。 1) I play basketball. 主 语 谓 语 宾 语 我每天都打篮球。 2) I play basketball every day. 主 语 谓 语 宾 语 状语→ 主谓宾齐全 结构完整的简单句 状语是为结构已经完整的句子（主谓宾） 补充信息（时间、地点、原因、条件、目的等） 表明时间 我完成作业后会打篮球。 3) I will play basketball when I finish my homework. 状语是个句子→ 状语从句 由一个句子充当状语成分，这个句子就是状语从句，通常由一个连词或 者起连接作用的词引导。 01. 时间状语从句 一、before, after, when, while, as引导的时间状语从句 1. before 在......之前，表示主句的动作发生在从句之前 Close the window before you leave the room. 在你离开房间之前，请关门。 2. after 在......之后，表示主句的动作发生在从句之后 I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 我吃过晚饭之后去学校。 8 3. when 在......时 主从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生，从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词 也可以是非延续性动词 常用的时态 1) 主句过去式+从句过去式 I started my dinner when he left. 他离开之后，我开始吃饭。 2) 主句过去式+从句过去完成时 I started my dinner when he had left. 他离开以后，我才开始吃饭。 3) 主句过去式+从句过去进行时 The doorbell rang when I was telephoning. 我正在打电话时，门铃响了。 4. while 在...期间，在那时 while 后只能用延续性动词 The phone rang while I was watching. 电话响时，我正在看电视 Some students were reading while others were writing. 一些学生在阅读，另一些学生在写作。 5. as 当……时；一边……一边……；随着…… 强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或伴随变化 She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。 As time went by, he became more confident. 随着时间的推移，他变得更加自信。 二、since, till, until 引导的时间状语从句 1. since 自从...以来 时态：一般情况下，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 They have been friends since they were in primary school. 他们从小学起一直是朋友。 Mr Brown has been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开，布朗先生一直在北京。 2. till/until 直到...才 时态规则： 1. 主从句时态一般保持一致 2. 主句将来时，从句要用现在时 1) 延续性动词+until +短暂性动词或时间点 We will stay here until it stops raining. 我们将一直呆在这，到雨停了再走。 2) not+短暂动词+until +短暂动词或时间点 He didn’t leave the office until his boss came back. 直到老板回来后，他才离开办公室。 12 till/until 通常可互相替换，但有一些小不同 1. until 比 till 正式 2. until 可置于句首 3. not ...until 结构 until 的本质思维表示一个主句动作一直延续到某一个时间点，也就 是说until前面的主句的动作是延续性的，而Until 后面从句的谓语是短暂性的， 这时通常用肯定形式。当主句的谓语动词是短暂动词，则要用否定形式，因为 否定表示的是一个延续的状态，这就是我们常说的 not...until 结构。 妙语点睛: 三、表示“一…就…” （从句动作先于主句动作） 1. 意义：从句动作发生之后紧接着主句动作就发生了 2. 引导词：as soon as, once, the minute, the moment 3. 时态： 1) 主从句时态一般一致 2) 若表示将来的动作，则主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时 It began to rain as soon as I arrived home. 我一到家就开始下雨了。 We will leave as soon as it stops raining. 雨一停，我们就离开。 02. 原因状语从句 表达语气的强弱：because > since > as 1. because 因为 1) 只有because才能用来回答why的问句 2) 引出的原因往往是听话人所不知道的或最感兴趣的 3) 只有because才能被强调词如only, just和perhaps等来修饰 My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. 我的哥们都不喜欢我，是因为我长相英俊又事业有成。 2. since 既然 表示人们已知的事实，是不需强调的原因，通常放句首。 Since we don't have class tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic? 既然我们明天没有课，那么为什么不出去野餐呢? 3. as 由于 与 since 的用法差不多，所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听 话人所熟悉而不需用 because 加以强调。 As Monday is a national holiday, all government offices will be closed. 由于周一是法定假日，所有的政府机关都将休息。 4. for 因为 表示推断的理由，是对前面分句的内容加以补充或说明。 It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. 昨晚下雨了，因为今天早上地都湿了。 03. 地点状语从句 1. 意义：表示地点 位置 场合的定语从句 2. 引导词：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere 3. 位置：从句可以放在句首或句末 A driver should slow down where there are schools. 在有学校的地方，司机应缓行。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 Some people enjoy themselves wherever they are 有一些人无论在哪都很开心 如何区分定语从句和状语从句 定语从句 状语从句 This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住的房子. I found my book where I had left them. 我在我放书的地方找到了书 where前面有表示地点的先行词。 where可替换成in which where 前面没有表示地点的先行词 04. 条件状语从句（常用主将从现） 引导词：if (如果)；unless (除非，如果不)；as/so long as (只要) 1. if 如果 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home 如果明天下雨的话，我将会待在家里。 2. unless 除非……否则；如果不 表否定含义，引导的从句只能是肯定形式。unless=if...not...（如果不……） We will climb the mountain tomorrow unless it rains. 除非下雨，否则明天我们将去爬山。 =We will climb the mountain tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. =如果明天不下雨，我们将会去爬山。 3. as long as 只要 As long as you don't give up, you will succeed. 只要你不放弃，你就会成功。 You should be quiet if you are in the library. 如果你在图书馆你应该保持安静 高频考点： 在时间状语从句/条件状语从句中，当主句为一般将来时，祈使句或含有情态动词时， 从句通常用一般现在时。 I will ring you up as soon as I get home. 我一到家就打电话给你。 Close the window when you leave. 离开的时候把窗户关上 You should be quiet if you are in the library 如果你在图书馆，你应该保持安静 05. 目的状语从句 1. 连接词：so that, in order that 2. 从句中常有情态动词，比如may/might或can/could I turned off the TV in order that my roommate could study in quiet. 我关掉了电视，为了让我的室友安静地学习。 When I was a child, I would take a flashlight to bed with me so that I could read comic books without my parents knowing about it. 小的时候，我常常睡觉时带着手电筒上床，这样我就可以偷看连环画册而 不被父母知道。 in order that 和 so that 的区别 1. so that只能放在主句之后 2. in order that既能放在主句之前，也能放在主句之后 06. 让步状语从句 引导词：though/although (尽管，虽然)； even though/if (即使) Although/Though he worked hard, he failed. 虽然他很努力工作，但是他失败了。 =He worked hard, but he failed. 注意： though/although/even if/even though不可与but连用，但可与still，yet连用 Even if it rains tomorrow, we won't change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也不改变计划。 →强调对“假设情况”的让步 Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it. 虽然工作很辛苦，但我还是喜欢它。 →强调对“既成事实”的让步 07. 结果状语从句 引导词: so/such ...that... 如此...以至于... • so + adj./adv.+ that.. • so + adj. +a/an +可数名词单数+ that • such + a/an + adj.+可数名词单数+that.. • such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 +that 1) He always studied so hard that he made great progress. 他学习总是那么努力，所以他取得了很大的进步。 2) It is such a heavy box that I can't carry it. 这是个很重的箱子，我搬不了。 同义句转换 1. so/such...that... 如此...以至于... 2. too...to do sth. 太...而不能... 3. not...enough to do sth. 不够...去做某事 BoBo is so kind a teacher that we all like her. =BoBo is such a kind teacher that we all like her. 波波是一个好老师，我们都喜欢她。 She is so young that she can't go to school. 她太小了，不能去上学。 =She is too young to go to school. =She is not old enough to go to school. 08. 方式状语从句 引导词：as 像，如同；as if/though 好像（通常对应非真实场景） Do as I told you. 按我说的做。 Do in Rome as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man. 那个老人跑的很快，仿佛他是个年轻人。 09. 比较状语从句 引导词： than 比… as ... as 和...一样 not so/as ... as 不如... the+比较级..., the+比较级... 越……越…… He forgets faster than he learns. 他忘记的比学得快。 She speaks English as well as you do. 她英语说的和你一样好。 It is not as easy as you think. 事情并不像你想的那么容易。 The more he gets, the more he wants. 他得到的越多，就越想要。 Identify the type of adverbial clause in each of the following sentences. Even if I charge it for a whole night, it still doesn’t work. Since we have been partners for so long, I have already worked out a solution for you. Would you please show me your receipt so that we can check whether it is still under guarantee? Even though you didn’t express such a request, we will reduce the price of the leaflets by 15%. Read and group. 找出与上面从句相同的句子并按类别将其归类。 1) Since it is our fault, we will pay for all your loss. 2) They agreed to send me the package even though the weather was terrible. 3) I have been serving in this company since I graduated. 4) Your battery won’t last long if you do not charge it as required. 5) I ordered ten boxes of moon cakes in order that everybody in the class could have one. 6) He is so excited that he can hardly sleep. 7) I think we should pay for the loss because it is our carelessness that caused the problem. 8) Why don’t you start early so that you don’t have to hurry? Since Even if / Even though So that / In order that 1) 3) 2) 8) 5) 28 Read and match. 将左右两栏匹配，并加上适当的连词，组成完整的句子。 1) Every one of us should obey the rules of garbage sorting. ( ) 2) You can see rubbish on both sides of the way to the mountain. ( ) 3) We will send them another set of leaflets. ( ) 4) You have no use for these things. ( ) 5) He bought a mobile phone. ( ) A. The government has put a lot of manpower to collect the rubbish. B. It may cause some loss to our company. C. Why don’t you give them to those in need? D. We can have a better place to live. E. His daughter could contact him anytime and anywhere. even if even though since so that so that even though even if since so that Every one of us should obey the rules of garbage sorting so that we can have a better place to live. You can see rubbish on both sides of the way to the mountain even though the government has put a lot of manpower to collect the rubbish. We will send them another set of leaflets even if it may cause some loss to our company. Since you have no use for these things, why don’t you give them to those in need? He bought a mobile phone so that his daughter could contact him anytime and anywhere. 29 Read and complete. 阅读 Tim 的投诉经历，并填写恰当的连词补全短文。 Tim went to the service center today to have his iPad player exchanged. The staff member took over the iPad and said, “Can I see your receipt 1)　　　　 I could check whether it is still under guarantee?” After checking the receipt, the staff member said, “It may take an hour to check. Is that OK, sir?” “No problem,” Tim said, “2)　　　　 it takes hours, I’ll wait until I get my iPad. I need it to learn French.” After one hour, the staff member took Tim to the counter, and said, “Sir, we’ve exchanged your iPad. It is a totally new one.” Tim was very happy. “Sure. 3)　　　　 you gave me a new one, I certainly will give my sincere thanks to you.” so that Even if Since Discuss and decide. 讨论，根据画线词汇的意思，判断下面的陈述是否正确。 1) Because of delayed delivery, the goods will arrive earlier. 2) If the price is reduced, or you get a discount, you pay less. 3) If there is no power, one of the solutions is to charge the battery. 4) If someone caused inconvenience to you, you would have less trouble. 5) A man with patience is more likely to lose his temper when service is delayed. 6) If the loss is due to your carelessness, someone else is responsible. 7) When the boss tells you “Make sure the goods arrive on time”, you will try every effort to deliver the goods on time. 8) I know your request since you mentioned it in your letter. F T T F F F T T 31 Read and complete. 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 check make sure delay charge 1) To 　　 　　 the goods arrive on time, he called the company many times. 2) You’d better arrive two hours before departure to 　 　　 your luggage. 3) He had a habit of 　　 　 　 whether the windows were closed before he went to bed. 4) Who is in 　　 　　 now? I want to make a complaint about the product. 5) They decided to 　　 　　 the competition till next month so that more schools could enter it. 6) The delivery of goods was 　　 　　 by the typhoon. 7) It is suggested that we 　　 　　 the battery before the power is off. 8) He telephoned the service center again to 　　 　 　 his computer had been repaired. make sure check checking charge delay delayed charge make sure 32 Read and complete. 根据不同的情境，完成填空。 CS: Excuse me. Could we 1) .　　　　　　　　 from August 8 to 13? C: No problem. But you must 2)　　　 . that my goods arrive by August 15. delay the delivery of your goods make sure Because the milk is nearly overdue ( 过期 ), the shop decides to 3)　　　　　　 　 . 　, and promises 4)　　 　 　 if customers order their milk on the mobile App. reduce the price by 15% free delivery Read and complete. 根据不同的情境，完成填空。 CS: Excuse me, sir? What can I do for you? C: Who 5)　　　　 　　? I want to make 6)　　 　　. CS: What’s the problem? C: The battery of my mobile phone 7)　　　. . CS: I’m sorry for that. We will 8)　　　　　 　.　　 immediately. is in charge a complaint can’t be charged check Read and complete. 根据不同的情境，完成填空。 35 1. The agent gave us ______ clear explanation that everyone understood the return policy. A. so　　 B. such C. such a　　 D. too 2. We will send a replacement tomorrow unless the delivery address ______ incorrect at that time. A. will be　　 B. is C. has been　　 D. had been 3. The trainee speaks as if she ______ the store manager, though she has never held that position. A. will be　　 B. has been C. is being　　 D. were Exercise 4. Mia has kept all the receipts since she ______ the online store. joined　　 B. joins C. has joined　　 D. will join 5. ______ carefully you check the order, ______ mistakes you will make. A. More; fewer B. The more; the fewer C. The most; the least D. The more; the less 6. —Why are you returning the headphones? —______ the left earphone doesn't work. A. Unless　　 B. While C. Although　　 D. Because Exercise 7. ______ the customer refuses our offer tomorrow, we will still provide support, whatever the customer decides. Since　　 B. Unless C. Even if　　 D. Until 8. Please leave the returned items ______ the staff can easily find them. where　　 B. which C. that　　 D. whose 9. The salesperson's aim was to make the instructions clear. She spoke slowly ______ the elderly customer could understand them. A. even though　 B. so that C. unless　　 D. until Exercise 10. The clerk didn't close the complaint ______ the customer confirmed that the refund had arrived; only then did she close it. since　　 B. because C. until　　 D. while 11. Customers can exchange the device ______ they keep the original receipt, which is the shop's only requirement. even though　 B. as if C. so that　　 D. as long as 12. Choose the grammatically correct sentence. A. Although the charger was expensive, but I bought it. B. Although the charger was expensive, I bought it. C. Despite the charger was expensive, I bought it. D. Although the charger was expensive, so I bought it. Exercise 13. The phone rang ______ the technician was explaining the problem. while　　 B. during C. for　　 D. despite 14. Which sentence has the same meaning as "The box was so heavy that Lily couldn't lift it"? A. The box was light enough for Lily to lift. B. The box was so heavy for Lily to lift. C. The box was too heavy for Lily to lift. D. The box was such heavy that Lily couldn't lift it. 15. Tomorrow, once the service center ______ your phone, it will send you a message. A. repaired　 B. will repair C. repairing　　 D. repairs Exercise 13. The phone rang ______ the technician was explaining the problem. while　　 B. during C. for　　 D. despite 14. Which sentence has the same meaning as "The box was so heavy that Lily couldn't lift it"? A. The box was light enough for Lily to lift. B. The box was so heavy for Lily to lift. C. The box was too heavy for Lily to lift. D. The box was such heavy that Lily couldn't lift it. 15. Tomorrow, once the service center ______ your phone, it will send you a message. A. repaired　 B. will repair C. repairing　　 D. repairs Exercise Summary 类型 常见引导词 作用 Time 时间 when, while, as, before, after, since, until, as soon as, once, the moment, the minute When? （什么时候？） Place 地点 where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere Where?（在哪里？） Reason 原因 because, since, as Why?（为什么？） Condition 条件 if, unless, as/so long as Under what condition? （在什么条件下？） Purpose 目的 so that, in order that For what purpose? （为了什么目的？） Concession 让步 although, though, even if, even though Despite what? （尽管什么情况？） Result 结果 so ... that, such ... that With what result? （产生什么结果？） Manner 方式 as, as if, as though How?（以什么方式？） Comparison 比较 than, as ... as, not as/so ... as, the more ... the more ... Compared with what? （与什么比较？） Basic Tasks 1. Review the nine types of adverbial clauses and complete a comparison chart with their meanings, common conjunctions, key grammar rules and one example each. 2. Write nine original sentences using the nine types of adverbial clauses, one sentence for each type. Underline the conjunctions and identify the types. Optional Challenge Write a dialogue of about 100–120 words. Use at least five different types of adverbial clauses. Include the problem, its possible cause, the customer's request, the proposed solution, and a polite ending. Underline the conjunctions and identify the types of adverbial clauses used. Homework $