Unit 2 Wildlife Protection外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：sej.org） As spiking ocean temperatures devastate coral reefs worldwide, researchers have found a reason for cautious optimism. Using artificial intelligence, scientists have detected sheltered pockets in the ocean where cool currents, reduced exposure to sunlight and locations outside cyclone paths give corals a better chance of survival. The study, led by the Wildlife Conservation Society and presented at the Our Ocean Conference in Kenya, is currently undergoing peer review for publication in the journal Environmental Research Letters. Five scientists identified 42 factors that create the conditions for these coral havens — called refugia — and then fed them into a program trained on nearly 38,000 human observations of coral cover gathered over 65 years. The AI identified more than 5,800 square miles of climate-resilient ocean across 72 countries. The new assessment found three times as many refugia as a landmark 2018 study known as the 50 Reefs Study, which was the first to systematically map areas where coral might still be saved. Scientists said the findings offered a more detailed picture of the world‘s reefs and could help fine-tune conservation efforts. “This study sharpens decades of work on reef resilience to climate change,” said David Obura, a biodiversity expert not involved in the new research. “It raises a critical question: Will climate refuges cover 10%, 1%, or even less of the former extent of coral reefs?” Coral reefs are among the most vital ecosystems on Earth. They support an estimated quarter of all ocean species at some point in their life cycles, provide protein for millions of people, and protect coastlines from storms. Yet they are highly vulnerable to bleaching, which occurs when heat causes corals to expel the algae they depend on for survival. While bleached corals can recover, prolonged high temperatures prove fatal. “Every tenth of a degree of warming pushes reefs to the limit,” Obura warned. The newly identified refugia are not evenly distributed. More than half are located in just five countries: the Bahamas, Cuba, Australia, Indonesia and the Philippines. Others cluster around small islands in places like Vanuatu and American Samoa. 【全文翻译】 珊瑚礁迎来一丝好消息 一项新研究找到了全球多处海域，低温洋流以及其他有利条件，助力珊瑚抵御全球变暖带来的最严重冲击。 随着海水温度飙升，全球各地珊瑚礁正遭受重创，一部分科学家却找到了值得审慎乐观的依据。 他们借助人工智能搜寻保护性海域。在这些区域，低温洋流、较少的日照，加之地处气旋途经范围之外，让珊瑚拥有更高的存活概率。 这项研究由国际野生生物保护学会牵头，于周二在肯尼亚蒙巴萨举办的“我们的海洋大会”上公布，目前正在接受同行评审，拟发表于《环境研究通讯》期刊。 五位科学家梳理出42项能够造就珊瑚庇护所（也称避难栖息地）的环境要素，随后将这些要素输入程序，结合65年间近3.8万份人工观测的珊瑚覆盖率与群落数据开展分析。程序测算出，72个国家境内共有超5800平方英里具备气候适应能力的海域。 本次研究发现的珊瑚庇护所数量，是2018年标志性研究《50处珊瑚礁研究》的三倍。该研究是首篇系统性划定全球范围内尚存挽救可能的珊瑚栖息地的论文。 科学家与环保人士表示，这份最新评估更加细致地展现了全球珊瑚礁现状，有助于优化调整珊瑚保护工作的优先次序。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ①devastate v. 毁灭；严重破坏 ②cautious adj. 谨慎的；小心的 ③sheltered adj. 受庇护的；遮蔽的 ④current n. 洋流；气流 ⑤exposure n. 暴露；接触 ⑥cyclone n. 气旋；飓风 ⑦peer review n. 同行评审 ⑧factor n. 因素；要素 ⑨haven n. 避难所；安全港 ⑩resilient adj. 有韧性的；能迅速恢复的 ⑪assessment n. 评估；评价 ⑫landmark adj. 具有里程碑意义的 ⑬sharpen v. 使清晰；使敏锐 ⑭resilience n. 韧性；恢复力 ⑮vital adj. 至关重要的；生命的 ⑯vulnerable adj. 脆弱的；易受伤害的 ⑰bleaching n. 白化（现象） ⑱expel v. 排出；驱逐 ⑲algae n. 藻类 ⑳prolonged adj. 长期的；持久的 ㉑susceptible adj. 易受影响的；敏感的 ㉒enforcement n. 执行；实施 【长难句分析】 1. Five scientists identified 42 factors that create the conditions for these coral havens — called refugia — and then fed them into a program trained on nearly 38,000 human observations of coral cover gathered over 65 years. 句意：五名科学家确定了创造这些珊瑚避难所（被称为“refugia”或生态避难所）的42个条件因素，随后将这些因素输入到一个程序中，该程序基于65年来收集的近38,000条人类对珊瑚覆盖率的观测数据进行了训练。 分析：本句的主干是“Five scientists identified 42 factors... and then fed them into a program”，由and连接两个并列的谓语动词identified和fed。其中，that create the conditions for these coral havens是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词factors；破折号之间的called refugia是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰havens；trained on nearly 38,000 human observations是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰program；gathered over 65 years也是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰observations。 2. Although most refugia fall within officially protected zones, insufficient funding means many exist only as “paper parks” — protected in name but lacking real-world enforcement. 句意：尽管大多数避难所位于官方划定的保护区内，但由于资金不足，许多保护区仅仅是“纸上公园”——名义上受到保护，但实际上缺乏现实中的执法与监管。 分析：本句是一个包含让步状语从句的复合句。Although most refugia fall within officially protected zones是Although引导的让步状语从句；主句的主干是“insufficient funding means (that) many exist only as 'paper parks'”，其中means后省略了引导词that的宾语从句；破折号后面的protected in name but lacking real-world enforcement是过去分词和现在分词构成的并列短语，作后置定语（或补充说明），进一步解释“paper parks”的具体特征。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1（2026届江苏基地大联考（南通、徐州2.5模）高三4月质量检测英语试卷） After opening up a package, most of us break down the cardboard box and bring it to the recycling box, but not Josh Gluckstein. This London-based artist uses the material to create incredible sculptures of wildlife, transforming the brown paper into animals like giraffes, lions, and gorillas. Most recently, he’s pushed himself to complete his most ambitious project to date — an 8-foot tall cardboard coral reef (珊瑚礁) filled with over 50 different species of animals. Gluckstein has been documenting the entire creative process on Instagram and TikTok. From colorful coral to animals like sea turtles, the sculpture offers a detailed view of life underwater. According to the artist, it “celebrates the wonder and rich biodiversity of our oceans while raising awareness for the challenges facing our ocean life.” Created for Homo Faber, a month-long exhibition in Venice that celebrates modern artisans (手艺人), the sculpture was a creative challenge for Glickstein. In order to create the necessary textures for the reef, he turned to different types of cardboard. His videos give an insight into how he processes the cardboard. We watch as he shapes individual pieces of coral, which come to life when painted and placed on the reef. Next are the animals. As each one is added to the reef, the sculpture takes on an impressive quality and becomes a 360-degree experience. So rich in detail, it’s difficult to choose a favorite part of the reef, but Gluckstein does have his personal selection. “The cardboard straw anemone (海葵),” he says. “I love the message about the threat of plastic waste in the ocean and the difference we can make by making more sustainable choices.” Now, he hopes that his reef will remind people of the ocean’s magical beauty and show the incredible creative possibilities of cardboard. To create his commitment to ocean conservation, Gluckstein is donating 10% of the profits from this special piece to the charity Oceana, which works to protect and restore the world’s oceans. 1. Why did Gluckstein demonstrate his grand project online? A．To show the difficulty in creating sculptures. B．To provide a detailed view of underwater life. C．To make people aware of the threat to sea life. D．To promote the month-long exhibition in Venice. 2. Why does Gluckstein like the cardboard straw anemone best? A．It belongs to the most challenging part. B．It advocates environmental sustainability. C．It reflects the biodiversity of sea species. D．It makes his reef a 360-degree experience. 3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The artist’s future study of using cardboard. B．The public’s reaction to the cardboard statue. C．Gluckstein’s dedication to ocean conservation. D．Gluckstein’s exploration into the oceanic life. 4. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A．The duty of modern artisans: turning cardboard into animals B．Social media: a new platform for recording artistic process C．The new challenge: creating 3D sculptures for exhibitions D．Recycled cardboard: a novel means of sea life conservation Passage 2（湖南衡阳市衡阳县2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题） When we think of marine life, we usually picture colourful coral reefs (珊瑚礁) or dense seaweed forests filled with fish and other creatures. The ocean that comes to mind is the one touched by sunlight. However, most of the ocean is not like that. By volume, roughly 95% of the ocean is the permanently dark, cold deep sea. Despite such severe conditions, life exists there. Deep-sea marine sponges (海绵) are among the organisms that live in these mysterious dark waters. They form “gardens” that are among the largest ecosystems on the planet, some covering thousands of square kilometers on the ocean floor. They work as ecosystem engineers, providing habitats for many other organisms living on the seafloor. A new study published in Microbiome examined Calyx sponges living 830 meters below the surface. Unlike shallow-water sponges that depend on photosynthetic (光合作用的) microorganisms to gain energy from sunlight, these deep-sea creatures form a tight partnership with special microorganisms to make a living without light. Scientists have identified two key strategies employed by their partners. About 16 percent of these microorganisms carry out chemosynthesis. They use ammonia, a waste product from sponges, as energy to transform CO2 into biomass, similar to how plants use sunlight for growth. The other 84 percent feed on rare organic matter through heterotrophy, breaking down tiny food particles slowly falling from upper waters to support both themselves and their hosts. These strategies work together perfectly and efficiently. The unique partnership allows sponges to grow steadily and form large, stable ecosystems on the seafloor, supporting many other small creatures like invertebrates and crustaceans in the local food chain. The discovery greatly expands our knowledge of how life survives without light. It also shows the complex and delicate relationships between marine animals and microorganisms. As the deep ocean covers most of our planet, these findings are vital for understanding global ecological cycles and defending the delicate, undisturbed deep-sea environments against increasing human deep-sea mining threats. 1. How does the author introduce the topic? A．By challenging a traditional belief. B．By stressing the biodiversity in the ocean. C．By drawing a contrast between different sea zones. D．By describing a personal observation of the deep sea. 2. What is the main function of deep-sea sponges? A．To beautify seafloors. B．To supply shelter. C．To recycle nutrients. D．To produce oxygen. 3. What can be learned from paragraph 4? A．Chemosynthesis depends on sunlight. B．Heterotrophy transforms CO2 into O2. C．Chemosynthesis takes advantage of sponge waste. D．Heterotrophy provides more consistent food resources. 4. What does the author imply about the new discovery? A．It reminds people of deep-sea protection. B．It indicates the direction for future research. C．It changes people’s understanding of sunlight. D．It proves the necessity to ban deep-sea mining. Passage 3 The Earth has reached its first climate tipping point, with large-scale die-offs of warm-water coral reefs (珊瑚礁) indicating the severe impact of global warming, according to a new report from Global Tipping Points, authored by 160 researchers from 23 countries. A climate tipping point set by scientists refers to a threshold (临界点) in the climate system at which it shifts from one stable state to another. Once this “threshold” is crossed, the state of the climate system can undergo significant and often irreversible changes, with potentially disastrous impacts on life on Earth. Scientists have set this threshold at 1.2 degrees Celsius warming above pre-industrial. However, global temperatures have already risen 1.4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, indicating that the impacts of crossing this tipping point are already emerging. Coral reefs, which support about a quarter of all marine species, are among the ecosystems most vulnerable (脆弱的) to warming. The report warns that unless global temperatures are brought back toward 1.2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and ultimately to l degree Celsius, no warm-water coral reefs of large size and number will remain on Earth. Tim Lenton, the lead author of the report, emphasized that we can no longer treat tipping points as a future risk. The first tipping point, a large-scale dieback of warm-water coral reefs, has already been reached. The report comes just weeks ahead of this year’s COP30 climate summit being held at the edge of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That same rainforest system is now at risk of collapsing once the average global temperature warms beyond just 1.5 degrees Celsius based on deforestation rates, the report said, revising down the estimated threshold for the Amazon. Also of concern if temperatures keep rising is the threat of disruption (破坏) to a major ocean current called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC, which helps to ensure mild winters in northern Europe. The scientists urged countries at November’ s COP30 to work toward bringing down climate-warming carbon emissions. 1. What does the underlined word “irreversible” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Recoverable. B．Adjustable. C．Temporary. D．Permanent. 2. What can we learn about the climate threshold? A．It is higher than current speed of global warming. B．It was set mainly to protect warm-water coral reefs. C．It comes before the climate’s entering a new stable state. D．It has not been crossed as temperatures are under control. 3. What is Tim Lenton’s attitude towards climate tipping points? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic. C．Doubtful. D．Uncaring. 4. What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest according to the report? A．Its deforestation rates will slow down. B．Its threshold for collapse has been adjusted lower. C．It will remain safe if global temperature stays below 1. 5℃. D． It is more sensitive to warming than warm-water coral reefs. Passage 4 In 2014, a sophomore student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo. Little did he know that a chance     1     at the aquarium (水族馆) there would light a lifelong passion. Fast-forward to today, Xu, a Beijing native, has     2     to the tropical island of South China’s Hainan province, where he serves as a coral     3     for a Sanya-based tropical biological laboratory attached to the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Each day, he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and     4     the growth and development of the creatures that     5     him all those years ago. Xu, who is nicknamed “coral man”, is     6     engaged on such social media platforms as Sina Weibo, where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of corals. He aims to     7     individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole. For Xu, who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood, becoming a coral conservationist was an     8     turn of events. After he first saw corals at the aquarium, he began to     9     the local market to learn about coral     10     from merchants who sell decorative plants, fish and corals. He also     11     information online. Before long, he had set up a small fish tank at home and started cultivating a coral. “The coral organism is quite sensitive to its environment and has extremely high     12     for water quality,” recalls Xu. “When I started growing coral, its state was not     13    .” But as Xu gained more     14     about coral, including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels, his coral gradually started to flourish. He also learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean, providing a     15     for a quarter of all sea creatures. 1. A．accident B．application C．encounter D．performance 2. A．driven B．moved C．appealed D．signaled 3. A．educator B．customer C．artist D．conservationist 4. A．document B．impact C．damage D．survive 5. A．issued B．relieved C．fascinated D．devoted 6. A．finally B．actively C．universally D．skillfully 7. A．encourage B．arrange C．teach D．force 8. A．impractical B．unexpected C．unfortunate D．unbelievable 9. A．significant B．frequent C．global D．sensitive 10. A．selling B．observing C．decorating D．farming 11. A．gave out B．brought in C．took up D．searched for 12. A．periods B．profits C．requirements D．reputations 13. A．due B．good C．confusing D．capable 14. A．achievement B．commitment C．knowledge D．equipment 15. A．performance B．container C．platform D．home Passage 5 (贵州省贵阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期检测（一）) Oceans cover 71 percent of the planet and are home to important species and ecosystems that we rely on for food, livelihoods, climate regulation and more.     1     Here are some ways that can help protect and restore our oceans for the future. Mind your carbon footprint and reduce energy consumption. Reduce the effects of climate change on the ocean by leaving the car at home when you can and being conscious of your energy use at home and work.     2     For example, switch to energy-saving bulbs, take the stairs, and dress warmly or use a fan to avoid oversetting your thermostat (恒温器) . Make safe, sustainable seafood choices.     3     The reasons are increasing demand, loss of habitat, and unsustainable fishing practices. When shopping or dining out, help reduce the demand for overexploited species by choosing seafood that is both healthy and sustainable. Don’t purchase items that exploit marine life. Ever wondered where your beautiful necklaces or coral (珊瑚) jewellery have come from? They come from our amazing reefs (礁) . The exploitation of marine corals, turtles, shells, and starfish not only decreases their numbers, but also damages the fragile ecosystem.     4         5     Whether you enjoy diving, surfing, or relaxing on the beach, always clean up after yourself. Explore and appreciate the ocean without interfering with wildlife or removing rocks and coral. Go even further by encouraging others to respect the marine environment or by participating in local beach cleanups. A．Help take care of the beach. B．But the oceans need our help. C．You can start with some small things around you. D．Support organizations working to protect the ocean. E．What we should do is avoid purchasing these items. F．All life on Earth is connected to the ocean and its inhabitants. G． Global fish populations are rapidly being reduced by a large amount. 迁移应用篇 一、单句语法填空 1.It is (legal) to employ children, according to the child protection law. 2.The meeting to be held will aim at strengthening safety (aware) of employees. 3.The observer asked several questions (concern) the future of the company. 4.They were concerned whether this kind of tiger was  (adapt) to the new environment. 5.The incident served as a timely (remind) of just how dangerous mountaineering can be. 6.After this disaster, many citizens suddenly became aware the importance of good health. 7.We know that this popular film being shown in cinemas at the present is adapted the short story written by a high school student. 8.To his parents’relief, the 99-year-old woman made a quick (recover) after the operation. 9.Now every school has a Students’ Union with an (intend) of organizing various activities for the students. 10.In July, 2022,the local government raised the minimum wage for different jobs by 10% _________average. 11.Habitat loss (threat) many species,making conservation efforts crucial. 12.Many rare species are now protection,thanks to strict conservation laws. 13.Scientists use trail cameras to make the presence of rare animals in dense forests. 14.The (beautiful) of untouched forests captivates hikers,reminding them of nature’s value. 15.A (harmony) relationship between humans and nature can lead to sustainable living. 16.Volunteers regularly watch forest areas to monitor and protect natural ecosystems. 17.Everyone should be aware conservation efforts to protect endangered species and forests. 18.Conservation efforts aim to secure the (exist) of endangered animals for future generations. 二、语法填空 Today, I made a trip to observe Tibetan antelopes. I was struck by their beauty when I watched them moving slowly across the green grass. Also I was reminded __1__ the danger they are in. They are being hunted __2__ (illegal) for their valuable fur. My guide Zhaxi told me __3__ 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope, __4__ population dropped sharply because of shooting and habitat loss. Luckily, the government __5__ (take) effective measures to save this species. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes to keep __6__ (they) safe from attacks. Finally, with all of the __7__ (effort), the antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope __8__ (remove) from the endangered species list. __9__， the government does not intend to stop the protection programmes, because the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. There is a long way to go to protect wildlife. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop __10__ (be) a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ In order to protect the wildlife, we should __1__ (equal) treat all species including the good, the bad, and the ugly. Although the cute wildlife such as pandas and __2__ (dolphin) is important, we must pay attention to __3__ (little) cute animals, too. In fact, our world needs all kinds of animals and without __4__ (various), our planet cannot survive. So __5__ you want the future to be beautiful, you have to give ugly animals __6__ chance. As we all know, billions of trees are being cut down every year __7__ (make) paper for humans. Every tree that is cut down __8__ (be) a part of the habitat of animals like koalas. __9__ this way a lot of animal homes are being destroyed. Is it right to make animals __10__ (home) so that humans can have more paper? 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 二、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办以“科技赋能，守护蔚蓝（Tech Empowers, Protecting the Blue）”为主题的野生动物保护征文活动。结合你近期阅读的关于“AI识别珊瑚避难所”的科普文章，请你给全校同学写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1. 倡议的背景（海洋升温导致珊瑚白化，传统保护面临资金不足等困境）； 2. 科技在野生动物保护中的作用（如AI精准定位生态避难所）； 3. 呼吁大家采取实际行动。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1（2026届江苏基地大联考（南通、徐州2.5模）高三4月质量检测英语试卷） After opening up a package, most of us break down the cardboard box and bring it to the recycling box, but not Josh Gluckstein. This London-based artist uses the material to create incredible sculptures of wildlife, transforming the brown paper into animals like giraffes, lions, and gorillas. Most recently, he’s pushed himself to complete his most ambitious project to date — an 8-foot tall cardboard coral reef (珊瑚礁) filled with over 50 different species of animals. Gluckstein has been documenting the entire creative process on Instagram and TikTok. From colorful coral to animals like sea turtles, the sculpture offers a detailed view of life underwater. According to the artist, it “celebrates the wonder and rich biodiversity of our oceans while raising awareness for the challenges facing our ocean life.” Created for Homo Faber, a month-long exhibition in Venice that celebrates modern artisans (手艺人), the sculpture was a creative challenge for Glickstein. In order to create the necessary textures for the reef, he turned to different types of cardboard. His videos give an insight into how he processes the cardboard. We watch as he shapes individual pieces of coral, which come to life when painted and placed on the reef. Next are the animals. As each one is added to the reef, the sculpture takes on an impressive quality and becomes a 360-degree experience. So rich in detail, it’s difficult to choose a favorite part of the reef, but Gluckstein does have his personal selection. “The cardboard straw anemone (海葵),” he says. “I love the message about the threat of plastic waste in the ocean and the difference we can make by making more sustainable choices.” Now, he hopes that his reef will remind people of the ocean’s magical beauty and show the incredible creative possibilities of cardboard. To create his commitment to ocean conservation, Gluckstein is donating 10% of the profits from this special piece to the charity Oceana, which works to protect and restore the world’s oceans. 1. Why did Gluckstein demonstrate his grand project online? A．To show the difficulty in creating sculptures. B．To provide a detailed view of underwater life. C．To make people aware of the threat to sea life. D．To promote the month-long exhibition in Venice. 2. Why does Gluckstein like the cardboard straw anemone best? A．It belongs to the most challenging part. B．It advocates environmental sustainability. C．It reflects the biodiversity of sea species. D．It makes his reef a 360-degree experience. 3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The artist’s future study of using cardboard. B．The public’s reaction to the cardboard statue. C．Gluckstein’s dedication to ocean conservation. D．Gluckstein’s exploration into the oceanic life. 4. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A．The duty of modern artisans: turning cardboard into animals B．Social media: a new platform for recording artistic process C．The new challenge: creating 3D sculptures for exhibitions D．Recycled cardboard: a novel means of sea life conservation 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍伦敦艺术家乔希·格卢克斯坦利用硬纸板创作珊瑚礁雕塑，以此呼吁人们关注海洋生物保护。 【小题1】C细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “According to the artist, it "celebrates the wonder and rich biodiversity of our oceans while raising awareness for the challenges facing our ocean life." (据这位艺术家说，这件作品 “赞颂了海洋的奇观和丰富的生物多样性，同时提高人们对海洋生物面临挑战的认识”。)” 可知，格卢克斯坦在网上展示这个宏大项目是为了让人们意识到海洋生物面临的威胁。故选C项。 【小题2】B细节理解题。根据第五段中的 “I love the message about the threat of plastic waste in the ocean and the difference we can make by making more sustainable choices.(我喜欢它所传递的关于海洋塑料垃圾威胁的信息，以及我们通过做出更可持续的选择所能带来的改变。)” 可知，他最喜欢纸板吸管海葵，是因为它倡导环境可持续性。故选B项。 【小题3】C主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的 “To create his commitment to ocean conservation, Gluckstein is donating 10% of the profits from this special piece to the charity Oceana, which works to protect and restore the world’s oceans.(为了践行他对海洋保护的承诺，格卢克斯坦将这件特别作品10%的收益捐赠给了致力于保护和恢复世界海洋的慈善机构Oceana。)” 可知，本段主要讲述格卢克斯坦为海洋保护事业所做的贡献。故选C项。 【小题4】D主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的 “This London-based artist uses the material to create incredible sculptures of wildlife, transforming the brown paper into animals like giraffes, lions, and gorillas.(这位常驻伦敦的艺术家利用这种材料创作出令人惊叹的野生动物雕塑，将牛皮纸变成长颈鹿、狮子和大猩猩等动物形象。)” 和最后一段中的 “Now, he hopes that his reef will remind people of the ocean’s magical beauty and show the incredible creative possibilities of cardboard. (现在，他希望自己的这座礁石雕塑能让人们领略到海洋的神奇之美，并展现出硬纸板令人难以置信的创作潜力。)” 可知，文章讲述艺术家利用可回收硬纸板创作海洋生物雕塑，以此作为保护海洋生物的新颖方式，因此 “可回收硬纸板：保护海洋生物的新颖手段” 最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 Passage 2（湖南衡阳市衡阳县2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题） When we think of marine life, we usually picture colourful coral reefs (珊瑚礁) or dense seaweed forests filled with fish and other creatures. The ocean that comes to mind is the one touched by sunlight. However, most of the ocean is not like that. By volume, roughly 95% of the ocean is the permanently dark, cold deep sea. Despite such severe conditions, life exists there. Deep-sea marine sponges (海绵) are among the organisms that live in these mysterious dark waters. They form “gardens” that are among the largest ecosystems on the planet, some covering thousands of square kilometers on the ocean floor. They work as ecosystem engineers, providing habitats for many other organisms living on the seafloor. A new study published in Microbiome examined Calyx sponges living 830 meters below the surface. Unlike shallow-water sponges that depend on photosynthetic (光合作用的) microorganisms to gain energy from sunlight, these deep-sea creatures form a tight partnership with special microorganisms to make a living without light. Scientists have identified two key strategies employed by their partners. About 16 percent of these microorganisms carry out chemosynthesis. They use ammonia, a waste product from sponges, as energy to transform CO2 into biomass, similar to how plants use sunlight for growth. The other 84 percent feed on rare organic matter through heterotrophy, breaking down tiny food particles slowly falling from upper waters to support both themselves and their hosts. These strategies work together perfectly and efficiently. The unique partnership allows sponges to grow steadily and form large, stable ecosystems on the seafloor, supporting many other small creatures like invertebrates and crustaceans in the local food chain. The discovery greatly expands our knowledge of how life survives without light. It also shows the complex and delicate relationships between marine animals and microorganisms. As the deep ocean covers most of our planet, these findings are vital for understanding global ecological cycles and defending the delicate, undisturbed deep-sea environments against increasing human deep-sea mining threats. 1. How does the author introduce the topic? A．By challenging a traditional belief. B．By stressing the biodiversity in the ocean. C．By drawing a contrast between different sea zones. D．By describing a personal observation of the deep sea. 2. What is the main function of deep-sea sponges? A．To beautify seafloors. B．To supply shelter. C．To recycle nutrients. D．To produce oxygen. 3. What can be learned from paragraph 4? A．Chemosynthesis depends on sunlight. B．Heterotrophy transforms CO2 into O2. C．Chemosynthesis takes advantage of sponge waste. D．Heterotrophy provides more consistent food resources. 4. What does the author imply about the new discovery? A．It reminds people of deep-sea protection. B．It indicates the direction for future research. C．It changes people’s understanding of sunlight. D．It proves the necessity to ban deep-sea mining. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】文章主要说明了2025年全球海洋上层2000米吸热创历史新高，海表温度居历史第三。海洋升温引发海平面上升、飓风加剧、珊瑚白化，亟需全球减排。 【小题1】B推理判断题。根据第一段 “The Earth’s oceans were hotter in 2025 than in any other year since modern measurements began, marking a dangerous new record. New analysis published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences on Friday found that the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean absorbed a record-setting amount of energy more than in 2024 — equal to roughly 37 times more energy than the world consumed in 2023.(2025年地球的海洋温度比自现代测量开始以来的任何其他年份都要高，这创下了危险的新纪录。周五发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上的新分析发现，海洋上层2000米吸收的能量比2024年多出了一倍多——大约是2023年全球消耗能量的37倍)” 可知，作者在第一段通过展示关键数据引入话题。 【小题2】C细节理解题。根据第二段 “That’s because our oceans play a key role in regulating the impact of global carbon emissions in our atmosphere — absorbing about 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases over the past century.(这是因为我们的海洋在调节全球碳排放对大气的影响方面发挥着关键作用——在过去的一个世纪里，海洋吸收了由温室气体所捕获的大部分多余热量的90%)” 可知，海洋调控全球气候系统。 【小题3】B推理判断题。根据第四段 “This includes increasing the intensity of hurricanes while decreasing the speed at which they travel — meaning they remain longer in one location when they make landfall, potentially leaving more destruction in their wake.(这包括增强飓风的强度，同时降低其移动速度——这意味着当飓风登陆时，会在一个地点停留更长时间，从而可能造成更大的破坏)” 可知，登陆型飓风长期停留，危害更大。 【小题4】D主旨大意题。根据第一段 “The Earth’s oceans were hotter in 2025 than in any other year since modern measurements began, marking a dangerous new record. New analysis published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences on Friday found that the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean absorbed a record-setting amount of energy more than in 2024 — equal to roughly 37 times more energy than the world consumed in 2023.(2025年地球的海洋温度比自现代测量开始以来的任何其他年份都要高，这创下了危险的新纪录。周五发表在《大气科学进展》杂志上的新分析发现，海洋上层2000米吸收的能量超过2024年的水平——大约是2023年全球消耗能量的37倍)” 结合文章主要说明了2025年全球海洋上层2000米吸热创历史新高，海表温度居历史第三。海洋升温引发海平面上升、飓风加剧、珊瑚白化，亟需全球减排。可知，D选项 “海洋热量创历史新高的一年” 最符合文章标题。 Passage 3 The Earth has reached its first climate tipping point, with large-scale die-offs of warm-water coral reefs (珊瑚礁) indicating the severe impact of global warming, according to a new report from Global Tipping Points, authored by 160 researchers from 23 countries. A climate tipping point set by scientists refers to a threshold (临界点) in the climate system at which it shifts from one stable state to another. Once this “threshold” is crossed, the state of the climate system can undergo significant and often irreversible changes, with potentially disastrous impacts on life on Earth. Scientists have set this threshold at 1.2 degrees Celsius warming above pre-industrial. However, global temperatures have already risen 1.4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, indicating that the impacts of crossing this tipping point are already emerging. Coral reefs, which support about a quarter of all marine species, are among the ecosystems most vulnerable (脆弱的) to warming. The report warns that unless global temperatures are brought back toward 1.2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and ultimately to l degree Celsius, no warm-water coral reefs of large size and number will remain on Earth. Tim Lenton, the lead author of the report, emphasized that we can no longer treat tipping points as a future risk. The first tipping point, a large-scale dieback of warm-water coral reefs, has already been reached. The report comes just weeks ahead of this year’s COP30 climate summit being held at the edge of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That same rainforest system is now at risk of collapsing once the average global temperature warms beyond just 1.5 degrees Celsius based on deforestation rates, the report said, revising down the estimated threshold for the Amazon. Also of concern if temperatures keep rising is the threat of disruption (破坏) to a major ocean current called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC, which helps to ensure mild winters in northern Europe. The scientists urged countries at November’ s COP30 to work toward bringing down climate-warming carbon emissions. 1. What does the underlined word “irreversible” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Recoverable. B．Adjustable. C．Temporary. D．Permanent. 2. What can we learn about the climate threshold? A．It is higher than current speed of global warming. B．It was set mainly to protect warm-water coral reefs. C．It comes before the climate’s entering a new stable state. D．It has not been crossed as temperatures are under control. 3. What is Tim Lenton’s attitude towards climate tipping points? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic. C．Doubtful. D．Uncaring. 4. What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest according to the report? A．Its deforestation rates will slow down. B．Its threshold for collapse has been adjusted lower. C．It will remain safe if global temperature stays below 1. 5℃. D． It is more sensitive to warming than warm-water coral reefs. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一份新报告指出地球已达到首个气候临界点，并阐述了气候临界点的定义、影响及其他生态系统面临的风险。 【详解】 【小题1】D 词句猜测题。根据第二段 “A climate tipping point set by scientists refers to a threshold (临界点) in the climate system at which it shifts from one stable state to another. Once this “threshold” is crossed, the state of the climate system can undergo significant and often irreversible changes, with potentially disastrous impacts on life on Earth. (科学家设定的气候临界点，指的是气候系统中从一个稳定状态转变为另一个稳定状态的节点。一旦越过这个“临界点”，气候系统的状态会发生重大且通常是不可逆的变化，对地球上的生命造成潜在的灾难性影响)” 可知，“越过临界点后的变化”与“灾难性影响”提示该变化是无法逆转的。“Permanent (永久的)”符合语义。故选D项。 【小题2】C 细节理解题。根据第二段 “A climate tipping point set by scientists refers to a threshold (临界点) in the climate system at which it shifts from one stable state to another. (科学家设定的气候临界点，指的是气候系统中从一个稳定状态转变为另一个稳定状态的节点)” 可知，临界点是气候进入新稳定状态之前的节点。故选C项。 【小题3】A 推理判断题。根据第四段 “Tim Lenton, the lead author of the report, emphasized that we can no longer treat tipping points as a future risk. The first tipping point, a large-scale dieback of warm-water coral reefs, has already been reached. (该报告的主要作者Tim Lenton强调，我们不能再将临界点视为未来的风险。首个临界点——暖水珊瑚礁的大规模死亡——已经出现)” 可知，Tim Lenton对气候临界点的态度是担忧的。故选A项。 【小题4】B 推理判断题。根据第五段 “That same rainforest system is now at risk of collapsing once the average global temperature warms beyond just 1.5 degrees Celsius based on deforestation rates, the report said, revising down the estimated threshold for the Amazon. (报告称，考虑到森林砍伐率，一旦全球平均气温上升超过1.5摄氏度，这片雨林系统现在就面临崩溃的风险，报告同时下调了亚马逊雨林的临界点估值)” 可知，亚马逊雨林崩溃的临界点被调低了。故选B项。 Passage 4 In 2014, a sophomore student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo. Little did he know that a chance     1     at the aquarium (水族馆) there would light a lifelong passion. Fast-forward to today, Xu, a Beijing native, has     2     to the tropical island of South China’s Hainan province, where he serves as a coral     3     for a Sanya-based tropical biological laboratory attached to the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Each day, he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and     4     the growth and development of the creatures that     5     him all those years ago. Xu, who is nicknamed “coral man”, is     6     engaged on such social media platforms as Sina Weibo, where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of corals. He aims to     7     individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole. For Xu, who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood, becoming a coral conservationist was an     8     turn of events. After he first saw corals at the aquarium, he began to     9     the local market to learn about coral     10     from merchants who sell decorative plants, fish and corals. He also     11     information online. Before long, he had set up a small fish tank at home and started cultivating a coral. “The coral organism is quite sensitive to its environment and has extremely high     12     for water quality,” recalls Xu. “When I started growing coral, its state was not     13    .” But as Xu gained more     14     about coral, including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels, his coral gradually started to flourish. He also learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean, providing a     15     for a quarter of all sea creatures. 1. A．accident B．application C．encounter D．performance 2. A．driven B．moved C．appealed D．signaled 3. A．educator B．customer C．artist D．conservationist 4. A．document B．impact C．damage D．survive 5. A．issued B．relieved C．fascinated D．devoted 6. A．finally B．actively C．universally D．skillfully 7. A．encourage B．arrange C．teach D．force 8. A．impractical B．unexpected C．unfortunate D．unbelievable 9. A．significant B．frequent C．global D．sensitive 10. A．selling B．observing C．decorating D．farming 11. A．gave out B．brought in C．took up D．searched for 12. A．periods B．profits C．requirements D．reputations 13. A．due B．good C．confusing D．capable 14. A．achievement B．commitment C．knowledge D．equipment 15. A．performance B．container C．platform D．home 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国戏曲学院的学生徐一唐因一次在水族馆内邂逅珊瑚的经历而对珊瑚产生了终生的热爱，他后来成了一名珊瑚保护主义者。 【详解】 【小题1】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不知道，在水族馆的一次偶遇会点燃他一生的激情。A. accident事故；B. application申请；C. encounter相遇，邂逅；D. performance表现。根据上文中的 “went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo” 和下文中的 “After he first saw corals at the aquarium” 可知，他和朋友一起去北京动物园庆生，并没有特意计划，他在这里第一次见到了珊瑚，所以是偶然在水族馆遇到了珊瑚。故选C。 【小题2】B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：快进到今天，北京人徐已经搬到了中国南部海南省的热带岛屿，在那里他是中国科学院附属的三亚热带生物实验室的珊瑚保护主义者。A. driven驾车，驱使；B. moved移动，搬迁；C. appealed呼吁；D. signaled发信号。根据空后的 “to the tropical island of South China’s Hainan province, where he serves as a coral ___” 可知，身为北京人的徐一唐搬到了海南的热带岛屿上工作。故选B。 【小题3】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. educator教育工作者；B. customer顾客；C. artist艺术家；D. conservationist环境保护主义者。根据下文中的 “Xu, who is nicknamed ‘coral man’ ” 和 “He aims to ___ individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole.” 可知，他致力于保护珊瑚，所以他是一名珊瑚保护主义者。下文中的 “becoming a coral conservationist” 也是提示。故选D。 【小题4】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，他都要花几个小时潜入海浪下，观察和记录这些年前让他着迷的生物的生长和发展。A. document记录；B. impact影响；C. damage破坏；D. survive幸存。根据空后的 “the growth and development of the creatures” 可知，这里表示观察和记录珊瑚的生长和发展。故选A。 【小题5】C 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. issued发布；B. relieved解除，减轻；C. fascinated深深吸引，迷住；D. devoted投入。根据上文中的 “light a lifelong passion” 可知，他对珊瑚深深迷恋。故选C。 【小题6】B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：被戏称为“珊瑚侠”的徐活跃在新浪微博等社交媒体平台上，他经常在那里分享珊瑚的惊人视觉照片和娱乐视频。A. finally最终，最后；B. actively积极地；C. universally全体地；D. skillfully熟练地。根据句中的 “where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of corals” 可知，他经常在社交媒体平台上分享珊瑚的照片和视频，所以他在这些媒体上很活跃。故选B。 【小题7】A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他旨在鼓励个人采取行动，保护珊瑚礁和整个海洋。A. encourage鼓励；B. arrange安排；C. teach教；D. force迫使。根据空后的 “individuals to take action in protecting coral reefs(珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole” 可知，他想通过这种方式鼓励人们行动起来，保护珊瑚礁和整个海洋。故选A。 【小题8】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于从小学习京剧的徐来说，成为一名珊瑚保护主义者是一个意想不到的转折。A. impractical不现实的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据句中的 “Xu, who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood” 可知，徐一唐从小学习京剧，而现在他却成了一名珊瑚保护主义者，这是意想不到的转变。故选B。 【小题9】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在水族馆第一次看到珊瑚后，他开始经常光顾当地市场，向出售装饰植物、鱼类和珊瑚的商人了解珊瑚养殖。A. significant重要的；B. frequent频繁的，常去；C. global全球的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据空后的 “the local market to learn” 可知，他常去光顾当地市场，去了解珊瑚养殖的知识。故选B。 【小题10】D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在水族馆第一次看到珊瑚后，他开始经常光顾当地市场，向出售装饰植物、鱼类和珊瑚的商人了解珊瑚养殖。A. selling出售；B. observing观察；C. decorating装饰；D. farming养殖。根据下文中的 “started cultivating a coral” 可知，他后来开始养殖珊瑚，所以可知他向商人了解珊瑚养殖的知识。故选D。 【小题11】D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他还在网上搜索信息。A. gave out分发，用完；B. brought in请……做，引入；C. took up开始占据；D. searched for搜索。根据上文中的 “learn about coral ___” 和空后的 “information online” 可知，他不仅向商人了解珊瑚养殖的知识，还去网上搜索信息。故选D。 【小题12】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“珊瑚生物对环境非常敏感，对水质要求极高，”徐回忆道。A. periods时期；B. profits利润；C. requirements要求；D. reputations声誉。根据句中的 “is quite sensitive to its environment” 可知，珊瑚对环境很敏感，所以养殖珊瑚对水质的要求很高。故选C。 【小题13】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开始种植珊瑚时，它的状态并不好。A. due到期的；B. good好的；C. confusing难以理解的；D. capable有能力的。下句的But表明前后句之间是转折关系，根据下句 “But as Xu gained more ___ about coral, including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels, his coral gradually started to flourish.” 可知，他的珊瑚后来慢慢开始茁壮成长，由此可知，一开始的时候珊瑚的状态并不好。故选B。 【小题14】C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着徐对珊瑚的了解越来越多，包括如何控制水温和pH值等因素，他的珊瑚逐渐开始茁壮成长。A. achievement成就；B. commitment投入；C. knowledge知识，了解；D. equipment设备。根据句中的 “including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels” 可知，这里指的是关于珊瑚的知识。故选C。 【小题15】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还了解到，珊瑚礁被称为“热带雨林”和海洋的“水下花园”，为四分之一的海洋生物提供了家园。A. performance表现；B. container容器；C. platform平台；D. home，家园。根据句中的 “coral reefs are known as ‘tropical rainforests’ and ‘underwater gardens’ of the ocean” 和空后的 “for a quarter of all sea creatures” 以及常识可知，珊瑚礁被称为“热带雨林”和海洋的“水下花园”，它是海洋生物的栖息地，给海洋生物提供了家园。故选D。 Passage 5 (贵州省贵阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期检测（一）) Oceans cover 71 percent of the planet and are home to important species and ecosystems that we rely on for food, livelihoods, climate regulation and more.     1     Here are some ways that can help protect and restore our oceans for the future. Mind your carbon footprint and reduce energy consumption. Reduce the effects of climate change on the ocean by leaving the car at home when you can and being conscious of your energy use at home and work.     2     For example, switch to energy-saving bulbs, take the stairs, and dress warmly or use a fan to avoid oversetting your thermostat (恒温器) . Make safe, sustainable seafood choices.     3     The reasons are increasing demand, loss of habitat, and unsustainable fishing practices. When shopping or dining out, help reduce the demand for overexploited species by choosing seafood that is both healthy and sustainable. Don’t purchase items that exploit marine life. Ever wondered where your beautiful necklaces or coral (珊瑚) jewellery have come from? They come from our amazing reefs (礁) . The exploitation of marine corals, turtles, shells, and starfish not only decreases their numbers, but also damages the fragile ecosystem.     4         5     Whether you enjoy diving, surfing, or relaxing on the beach, always clean up after yourself. Explore and appreciate the ocean without interfering with wildlife or removing rocks and coral. Go even further by encouraging others to respect the marine environment or by participating in local beach cleanups. A．Help take care of the beach. B．But the oceans need our help. C．You can start with some small things around you. D．Support organizations working to protect the ocean. E．What we should do is avoid purchasing these items. F．All life on Earth is connected to the ocean and its inhabitants. G． Global fish populations are rapidly being reduced by a large amount. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. G 4. E 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些方法，让我们能从自己做起，保护我们赖以生存的海洋资源。 【详解】 【小题1】B根据前文 “Oceans cover 71 percent of the planet and are home to important species and ecosystems that we rely on for food, livelihoods, climate regulation and more.(海洋覆盖了地球面积的71%，是重要物种和生态系统的家园，我们依靠这些物种和生态系统获得食物、生计、调节气候等)” 以及后文 “Here are some ways that can help protect and restore our oceans for the future.(这里有一些方法可以帮助保护和恢复我们未来的海洋)” 可知，前文讲述海洋的好处，后文讲述帮助海洋，所以空处应是过渡句，B项 “But the oceans need our help.(但是海洋需要我们的帮助)” 和前文构成转折关系，引出后文，符合文意。故选B项。 【小题2】C根据前文 “Reduce the effects of climate change on the ocean by leaving the car at home when you can and being conscious of your energy use at home and work.(减少气候变化对海洋的影响，尽可能地把车留在家里，并意识到你在家和工作时的能源使用)” 以及后文 “For example, switch to energy-saving bulbs, take the stairs, and dress warmly or use a fan to avoid oversetting your thermostat(恒温器).(例如，换用节能灯泡，走楼梯，穿暖和的衣服，或者使用风扇来避免过度调节恒温器)” 可知，前文讲述方法，后文是具体举例，所以C项 “You can start with some small things around you.(你可以从身边的小事做起)” 承接上文，后文是小事的举例，符合文意。故选C项。 【小题3】G 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文 “The reasons are increasing demand, loss of habitat, and unsustainable fishing practices. When shopping or dining out, help reduce the demand for overexploited species by choosing seafood that is both healthy and sustainable.(原因是需求增加、栖息地丧失和不可持续的捕鱼方式。在购物或外出就餐时，选择既健康又可持续的海鲜，有助于减少对过度开发物种的需求)” 可知，本段主要讲述鱼类的减少，所以G项 “Global fish populations are rapidly being reduced by a large amount.(全球鱼类数量正在迅速大量减少)” 符合本段文意，为本段中心句。故选G项。 【小题4】E 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文 “Ever wondered where your beautiful necklaces or coral (珊瑚) jewellery have come from? They come from our amazing reefs (礁). The exploitation of marine corals, turtles, shells, and starfish not only decreases their numbers, but also damages the fragile ecosystem.(有没有想过你美丽的项链或珊瑚珠宝是从哪里来的？它们来自我们神奇的珊瑚礁。对海洋珊瑚、海龟、贝壳和海星的开采不仅减少了它们的数量，而且破坏了脆弱的生态系统)” 可知，本段主要讲述了不要购买利用海洋生物的物品，所以E项 “What we should do is avoid purchasing these items.(我们应该做的是避免购买这些物品)” 符合本段主题，为对前文的总结。故选E项。 【小题5】A 设空为本段小标题，根据后文 “Whether you enjoy diving, surfing, or relaxing on the beach, always clean up after yourself. Explore and appreciate the ocean without interfering with wildlife or removing rocks and coral. Go even further by encouraging others to respect the marine environment or by participating in local beach cleanups.(无论你是喜欢潜水、冲浪，还是在海滩上放松，一定要清理干净。在不干扰野生动物或移除岩石和珊瑚的情况下探索和欣赏海洋。鼓励他人尊重海洋环境，或参与当地的海滩清理工作)” 可知，本段主要讲的是在海滩我们要清理自己制造的垃圾并且积极参与到海滩清理工作中去，所以A项 “Help take care of the beach.(帮助照顾海滩)” 符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选A项。 迁移应用篇 一、单句语法填空 1.It is (legal) to employ children, according to the child protection law. 2.The meeting to be held will aim at strengthening safety (aware) of employees. 3.The observer asked several questions (concern) the future of the company. 4.They were concerned whether this kind of tiger was  (adapt) to the new environment. 5.The incident served as a timely (remind) of just how dangerous mountaineering can be. 6.After this disaster, many citizens suddenly became aware the importance of good health. 7.We know that this popular film being shown in cinemas at the present is adapted the short story written by a high school student. 8.To his parents’relief, the 99-year-old woman made a quick (recover) after the operation. 9.Now every school has a Students’ Union with an (intend) of organizing various activities for the students. 10.In July, 2022,the local government raised the minimum wage for different jobs by 10% _________average. 11.Habitat loss (threat) many species,making conservation efforts crucial. 12.Many rare species are now protection,thanks to strict conservation laws. 13.Scientists use trail cameras to make the presence of rare animals in dense forests. 14.The (beautiful) of untouched forests captivates hikers,reminding them of nature’s value. 15.A (harmony) relationship between humans and nature can lead to sustainable living. 16.Volunteers regularly watch forest areas to monitor and protect natural ecosystems. 17.Everyone should be aware conservation efforts to protect endangered species and forests. 18.Conservation efforts aim to secure the (exist) of endangered animals for future generations. 【答案】1.illegal 2.awareness 3.concerning 4.adaptable 5.reminder 6.of 7.from 8.recovery 9.intention 10.on 11.threatens 12.under 13.out 14.beauty 15.harmonious 16.over 17.of 18.existence 【详解】 1. illegal 考查形容词。根据《未成年人保护法》，雇佣童工是违法的。legal（合法的）→反义词 illegal（违法的），作表语。 2. awareness 考查名词。safety awareness 固定搭配，意为 “安全意识”；aware 形容词→awareness 名词。 3. concerning 考查介词。concerning = about，表示 “关于”；句意：观察员询问了几个关于公司前景的问题。 4. adaptable 考查形容词。be adaptable to 固定短语，意为 “适应……”；adapt 动词→adaptable 形容词。 5. reminder 考查名词。空前 a timely 后接名词；remind 动词→reminder（提醒物，警示）。句意：这次事件及时警示人们登山运动有多危险。 6. of 考查固定搭配。be aware of 意识到…… 7. from 考查固定搭配。be adapted from 改编自…… 8. recovery 考查名词。make a quick recovery 迅速康复；recover 动词→recovery 名词。 9. intention 考查名词。with an intention of 旨在、意图是；intend 动词→intention 名词。 10. on 考查固定搭配。on average 平均。 11. threatens 考查谓语动词。主语 Habitat loss 为不可数名词，句子为一般现在时，谓语用第三人称单数；threat 名词→threaten 动词。 12. under 考查固定搭配。under protection 受到保护。 13. out 考查动词短语。make out 辨认出。句意：科学家利用红外相机在密林里发现珍稀动物踪迹。 14. beauty 考查名词。定冠词 The 后接名词；beautiful 形容词→beauty 名词。 15. harmonious 考查形容词。修饰名词 relationship 用形容词；harmony 名词→harmonious（和谐的）。 16. over 考查动词短语。watch over 看守；看护。 17. of 考查固定搭配。be aware of 意识到。 18. existence 考查名词。the 后接名词；exist 动词→existence（生存，存在）。 二、语法填空 Today, I made a trip to observe Tibetan antelopes. I was struck by their beauty when I watched them moving slowly across the green grass. Also I was reminded __1__ the danger they are in. They are being hunted __2__ (illegal) for their valuable fur. My guide Zhaxi told me __3__ 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope, __4__ population dropped sharply because of shooting and habitat loss. Luckily, the government __5__ (take) effective measures to save this species. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes to keep __6__ (they) safe from attacks. Finally, with all of the __7__ (effort), the antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope __8__ (remove) from the endangered species list. __9__， the government does not intend to stop the protection programmes, because the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. There is a long way to go to protect wildlife. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop __10__ (be) a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 答案：1.of 2.illegally 3.the 4.whose 5.took 6.them 7.efforts 8.was removed 9.However 10.being 【详解】 1. of 固定搭配 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 2. illegally 考查副词，修饰动词 hunted，illegal 形容词→illegally 副词。 3. the 固定搭配 the 1980s and 1990s 二十世纪八九十年代。 4. whose 考查定语从句。先行词 the Tibetan antelope，whose population 藏羚羊的数量，表所属关系。 5. took 考查时态。描述过去采取的措施，一般过去时。 6. them 考查代词。作 keep 宾语，用人称代词宾格。 7. efforts 考查名词复数。all of 后接可数名词复数。 8. was removed 考查时态和被动语态。藏羚羊 “被移出” 濒危名单，时间 2015 年，一般过去时被动。 9. However 考查副词。表转折；前后存在转折关系，单独位于句首，有逗号隔开。 10. being 考查非谓语。stop being… 停止成为……；stop 后接动名词。 In order to protect the wildlife, we should __1__ (equal) treat all species including the good, the bad, and the ugly. Although the cute wildlife such as pandas and __2__ (dolphin) is important, we must pay attention to __3__ (little) cute animals, too. In fact, our world needs all kinds of animals and without __4__ (various), our planet cannot survive. So __5__ you want the future to be beautiful, you have to give ugly animals __6__ chance. As we all know, billions of trees are being cut down every year __7__ (make) paper for humans. Every tree that is cut down __8__ (be) a part of the habitat of animals like koalas. __9__ this way a lot of animal homes are being destroyed. Is it right to make animals __10__ (home) so that humans can have more paper? 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 答案：1.equally 2.dolphins 3.less 4.variety 5.if 6.a 7.to make 8.is 9.In 10.homeless 【详解】 1. equally 考查副词，修饰动词 treat，equal 形容词→equally 副词。 2. dolphins 考查名词复数，和 pandas 并列，表泛指一类动物。 3. less 考查比较级。前文提到可爱动物，此处指不那么可爱的动物，little 的比较级 less。 4. variety 考查名词。介词 without 后接名词；various 形容词→variety 名词。 5. if 考查连词，引导条件状语从句：如果你想要美好的未来。 6. a 考查冠词。give sb. a chance 给某人一次机会。 7. to make 考查非谓语动词，不定式作目的状语，砍伐树木用来造纸。 8. is 考查主谓一致。主语 Every tree 为单数，一般现在时。 9. In 固定搭配 in this way 以这种方式。 10. homeless 考查形容词。make + 宾语 + adj.；home→homeless（无家可归的）。 二、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办以“科技赋能，守护蔚蓝（Tech Empowers, Protecting the Blue）”为主题的野生动物保护征文活动。结合你近期阅读的关于“AI识别珊瑚避难所”的科普文章，请你给全校同学写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1. 倡议的背景（海洋升温导致珊瑚白化，传统保护面临资金不足等困境）； 2. 科技在野生动物保护中的作用（如AI精准定位生态避难所）； 3. 呼吁大家采取实际行动。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 With ocean temperatures spiking, coral reefs are facing severe bleaching. Meanwhile, traditional conservation efforts are often hindered by insufficient funding, leaving many protected zones as mere "paper parks". Fortunately, technology is stepping in. Recently, AI has been successfully used to identify climate-resilient refugia, offering a beacon of hope for marine wildlife. Therefore, I strongly appeal to everyone to join hands in wildlife protection. We can start small, such as reducing plastic use and raising public awareness on campus. It is high time that we took prompt action to live in harmony with nature! 一、全文整体点评 文体：倡议书（校园演说 / 征文通用，85 词左右，适配高考读后续写之外的应用文话题：海洋保护、生物多样性、人与自然和谐共生） 话题：珊瑚礁白化、海洋生态保护；亮点：融合科技助力环保热点素材，区别于普通 “少用塑料” 老生常谈，立意有层次。 时态：一般现在时为主，句式长短结合，具备高分作文特征。 二、逐段句式、亮点词汇深度解析 第一段 With ocean temperatures spiking, coral reefs are facing severe bleaching. Meanwhile, traditional conservation efforts are often hindered by insufficient funding, leaving many protected zones as mere "paper parks". With ocean temperatures spiking with 复合结构（with + 宾语 + 现在分词），高级开篇状语，替代简单句 “As ocean temperatures rise”。 spike v.（数值）急剧飙升，替代普通 rise，环保话题高频词。 severe bleaching 严重白化（珊瑚专业术语，贴合海洋主题） are hindered by insufficient funding 被动语态：受到资金不足的阻碍；hinder vt. 阻碍，高分替换 stop/prevent；insufficient funding 资金短缺。 leaving many protected zones as mere "paper parks" 现在分词作结果状语； mere adj. 仅仅；paper parks 纸质公园（地道表达：名义上设立保护区，但缺乏资金、没有实际保护效力，仅停留在文件上），提升文章深度。 第二段 Fortunately, technology is stepping in. Recently, AI has been successfully used to identify climate-resilient refugia, offering a beacon of hope for marine wildlife. Therefore, I strongly appeal to everyone to join hands in wildlife protection. We can start small, such as reducing plastic use and raising public awareness on campus. technology is stepping in 科技挺身而出、介入（地道短句） climate-resilient refugia 耐气候性庇护栖息地（环保学术词汇；resilient 适应力强的；refugia 生物庇护所） offering a beacon of hope 带来希望之光（经典高分短语，现在分词作伴随状语） appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事（倡议书标准句型） join hands in… 携手参与…… start small 从小事做起，简洁地道表达 raise public awareness 提高公众意识（环境保护作文万能搭配） 第三段 It is high time that we took prompt action to live in harmony with nature! 核心高分句型：It is high time that + 主语 + 过去式 意为：是我们立刻行动的时候了（虚拟语气，阅卷老师青睐句型） take prompt action 立刻采取行动； live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共生（新课标主题核心短语） 三、语法亮点汇总 with + n. + doing 伴随状语 现在分词作结果 / 伴随状语（leaving… /offering…） 被动语态丰富句式 It is high time that… 虚拟语气经典句型 长短句交错：长句阐述现状，短句呼吁号召，节奏感强 四、写作优化建议（考场微调参考） 原文整体优秀，若适配80 词左右高考硬性要求，climate-resilient refugia属于偏难学术词汇，阅卷若担心生词，可以替换简化： ※简易替换：identify coral areas that can survive climate change Recently, AI has been successfully used to find coral areas that can survive climate change, offering a beacon of hope for marine wildlife. 五、万能短语汇总 ocean temperatures spike 海水温度飙升 coral bleaching 珊瑚白化 hinder conservation efforts 阻碍保护工作 insufficient funding 资金短缺 step in 介入，发挥作用 a beacon of hope 希望之光 appeal to sb. to do 呼吁某人做 join hands in protection 携手保护 raise public awareness 提升公众意识 take prompt action 迅速行动 live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共生 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1（2026届江苏基地大联考（南通、徐州2.5模）高三4月质量检测英语试卷） 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D Passage 2（湖南衡阳市衡阳县2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题） 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D Passage 3 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B Passage 4 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D Passage 5 (贵州省贵阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期检测（一）) 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. G 4. E 5. A 迁移应用篇 一、单句语法填空 【答案】1.illegal 2.awareness 3.concerning 4.adaptable 5.reminder 6.of 7.from 8.recovery 9.intention 10.on 11.threatens 12.under 13.out 14.beauty 15.harmonious 16.over 17.of 18.existence 二、语法填空 答案：1.of 2.illegally 3.the 4.whose 5.took 6.them 7.efforts 8.was removed 9.However 10.being 答案：1.equally 2.dolphins 3.less 4.variety 5.if 6.a 7.to make 8.is 9.In 10.homeless 二、应用文写作 【范文】 With ocean temperatures spiking, coral reefs are facing severe bleaching. Meanwhile, traditional conservation efforts are often hindered by insufficient funding, leaving many protected zones as mere "paper parks". Fortunately, technology is stepping in. Recently, AI has been successfully used to identify climate-resilient refugia, offering a beacon of hope for marine wildlife. Therefore, I strongly appeal to everyone to join hands in wildlife protection. We can start small, such as reducing plastic use and raising public awareness on campus. It is high time that we took prompt action to live in harmony with nature! 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $