精品解析：天津市第五十四中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

十年级英语 第I卷 单项选择题  第一部分　听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman probably do tonight? A. See a comedy. B. Prepare for the test. C. Try to cheer the man up. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A computer game. B. An imaginary situation. C. An exciting overseas experience. 3. When does the man's son work all day at the supermarket? A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Saturday. 4. What is the woman complaining about the shoes? A. Its late delivery. B. Its wrong color. C. Its bad rating. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面三段材料，每段材料后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6~8题。 6. What is the weather like today? A. Hot. B. Warm. C. Cold. 7. What are the speakers doing? A. Having a bike ride. B. Planning a vacation. C. Enjoying a lunch break. 8. What is the woman's feeling in the end? A. Crazy. B. Angry. C. Delighted. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What made the man decide to travel on an elephant? A. A photo exhibition of elephants. B. A good knowledge of traveling. C. An expert's advice. 10. How long did the journey last? A. About two weeks. B. About two months. C. About two years. 11. What happened to Tara? A. She was sold to a market. B. She was sent to a national park. C. She was badly injured on the journey. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. 13. What is the aim of Reading Program? A. To hold reading competitions. B. To encourage students to read more. C. To form a good parent-teacher relationship. 14. What should students do first in this program? A. Choose books. B. Take quizzes. C. Attend meetings. 15. How can one check the meeting times? A. By calling the office. B. By reading the report. C. By visiting the website. 第二部分　英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节　单项填空（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Do you mind me using your electronic dictionary? ---- ________ . Please go ahead. A. Never mind B. Of course not C. Yes, I do D. That’s all right 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：----你介意我用一下你的电子词典吗?-----当然不。请用吧。A.Never mind没关系；B.Of course not当然不；C.Yes, I do是的；D.That’s all right没关系。根据Please go ahead可知，第二个人不介意第一个人用一下他的电子词典，因此空格处为“当然不（介意）”，即Of course not，故选B。 2. ________a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key to success. A. When B. While C. Unless D. Where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管努力和一点点运气也发挥了作用，但坚持不懈是成功的关键。A. When当……时候；B.While尽管；C. Unless除非；D. Where在……的地方。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，应用while。故选B。 3. All the candidates are excellent, but I like the last one ________ — his experience is just what we need at the moment. A. in pain B. in turn C. in debt D. in particular 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：所有的候选人都很优秀，但我特别喜欢最后一个，他的经验正是我们目前所需要的。A. in pain痛苦；B. in turn轮流；C. in debt负债；D. in particular特别，尤其。根据后文“his experience is just what we need at the moment”可知指尤其喜欢最后一个，应用in particular。故选D。 4. She is struggling ________ up a family on a very low income. A. bringing B. to bring C. brought D. bring 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她靠微薄的收入养家糊口。短语struggle to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。故选B。 5. Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. whom B. which C. who D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐他们的梦想。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词young people，作介词的宾语，指人，在“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。故选A。 6. When communicating with strangers, try to avoid ________ your personal information, which may put you at risk. A. to show B. showing C. shown D. being shown 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在与陌生人交流时，尽量避免展示你的个人信息，这可能会让你处于危险之中。分析句子可知，avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，其后需接动名词作宾语。且此处逻辑主语与动词show之间为主动关系，需使用动名词的主动形式。 7. With only five minutes left from the end, the ______ of the close match was still in doubt. A. cooperation B. opponent C. outcome D. outline 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：距离比赛结束只有5分钟了，这场势均力敌的比赛结果仍不明朗。 A. cooperation 合作；B. opponent对手；C. outcome结果；outline轮廓；大纲。根据语境可知，比赛快结束了，但是因为两队势均力敌，所以不明确的是比赛的“结果”。故选C。 8. 【2018·天津】I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A. to eat；to try B. eating；trying C. eating；to try D. to eat； trying 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。 点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。 9. The people in the village are so ______ that they are willing to help every visitor. A. positive B. delighted C. enthusiastic D. permanent 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：村里的人非常热心，他们愿意帮助每一位来访者。A.positive积极的；B.delighted高兴的；C.enthusiastic热心的；D.permanent永久的。由they are willing to help every visitor可知，村里的人是非常热心的，故选C。 10. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。 【点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as， who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。 11. Friendship does not ______ involve a sharing of activities, it is a sharing of a self on the personal level. A. merely B. rarely C. gently D. closely 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：友谊不仅仅是分享活动，而且是在个人层面上分享自我。A. merely仅仅；B. rarely很少，罕见地；C. gently温柔地；D. closely密切地。根据后面“a sharing of a self”可知，友谊不仅仅是分享活动。故选A。 12. Volunteers who work at community ______ all the love we can give them, since they offer so much but get so little reputation. A. persevere B. entertain C. deserve D. guarantee 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在社区工作的志愿者值得我们给予他们所有的爱，因为他们付出了那么多，却鲜有名声。A.persevere坚持不懈；B.entertain娱乐；C.deserve应受，值得；D.guarantee保证。由Volunteers和all the love we can give them可知，志愿者应该得到我们的爱，因此空格处是“应受，值得”，故选C。 13. We regret ________ you that the book you need is not available at the moment in this library. A. having told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很遗憾地告诉你，你需要的书目前在这个图书馆里没有。regret to do sth：遗憾要做某事，regret doing sth.后悔做过某事；根据句意的需要，此处表示的不是“后悔告诉了你”，而是“遗憾地要告诉你”。故选C项。 14. ________ payment online is safe, people will be more likely to link their bank cards to Alipay or Wechat. A. Even if B. As if C. Unless D. As long as 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：只要在线支付是安全的，人们就更有可能将他们的银行卡绑定到支付宝或微信。A. Even if即使；B. As if好像；C. Unless除非；D. As long as只要。 结合句意，空格处引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，用As long as引导。 15. My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的大儿子现在在纽约，他的工作使他走遍了世界各地。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词My eldest son。从句中名词work前缺少定语，表示“我大儿子的”，需用关系代词whose作定语。 第二节　完形填空（共20题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） I’ve always taught piano lessons in my spare time. Over the years I found that children have ____16____ musical abilities. Although I’ve taught some gifted students, I’ve also met so-called “musically ____17____” pupils. One such student is Robby. Robby was already 11 years old when his mother sent him for his first ____18____ lesson. I prefer that students begin at an earlier age. I ____19____ it to Robby, but he said it had always been his mother’s ____20____ to hear him play the piano. So I took him as a student. ____21____ Robby tried very hard, he didn’t have the basic sense of music. However, he ____22____ and he would always say, “My mom’s going to hear me play some day.” But it seemed ____23____, and I was disappointed by his slow progress. Then one day Robby didn’t come. He ____24____ me his mother was sick. I was glad that he stopped coming, since he was really a bad ____25____ for my teaching! Several weeks later I was ____26____ my students for the music show when Robby came and said, “Miss Handorf, I’ve wanted to play.” I don’t know what made me ____27____ him to do that. Maybe it was his ____28____ that touched me. The night for the show came. It went well. Then Robby came up on stage. I was ____29____ when he said he had chosen one of the most difficult pieces of Mozart. But I was not prepared for what I heard next. His fingers were light on the keys. They ____30____ danced on the keys. He played so well that everyone was ____31____ excitedly. In tears I ____32____ up to stage. “Oh, Robby! How would you do it?” “Well, Miss Handorf, I ____33____ practicing at home. Remember I told you my mom was sick? In fact she had cancer and passed away this morning. And she was born ____34____, she could never hear me play the piano, but tonight was the first time she ever heard me. I wanted to make it ____35____.” 16. A. strange B. low C. local D. different 17. A. challenged B. breathed C. encouraged D. inspired 18. A. drawing B. dance C. piano D. handwriting 19. A. examined B. promised C. explained D. answered 20. A. comment B. dream C. hobby D. personality 21. A. Although B. Once C. Unless D. Because 22. A. continued B. created C. contacted D. caught 23. A. careless B. hopeless C. homeless D. selfless 24. A. asked B. invited C. guided D. telephoned 25. A. position B. example C. distance D. schedule 26. A. preparing B. renting C. protecting D. regretting 27. A. strike B. select C. allow D. force 28. A. function B. section C. determination D. memory 29. A. limited B. satisfied C. calmed D. surprised 30. A. indeed B. even C. actually D. either 31. A. sitting B. cheering C. walking D. eating 32. A. dragged B. drove C. ran D. picked 33. A. kept back B. kept off C. kept on D. kept from 34. A. shy B. weak C. blind D. deaf 35. A. special B. humorous C. similar D. famous 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述钢琴老师教天赋平平的Robby，他坚持练习，只为让失聪的母亲听见自己演奏。演出当晚他出色弹奏，母亲却已去世，这个故事令人感动。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：多年来，我发现孩子们有不同的音乐能力。A. strange奇怪的；B. low低的；C. local当地的；D. different不同的。根据下文“Although I’ve taught some gifted students, I’ve also met so-called “musically ____” pupils.”可知，作者教过有天赋的学生，也遇到过所谓“有音乐障碍”的学生，这说明孩子们的音乐能力“不同”。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然我教过一些有天赋的学生，但也遇到过所谓“有音乐障碍”的学生。A. challenged有障碍的；B. breathed无声的；C. encouraged受鼓励的；D. inspired品质优秀的。根据下文“One such student is Robby.”以及后文Robby缺乏基本音乐感、进步缓慢可知，Robby属于“有音乐障碍的”学生；musically challenged是委婉表达，意为“缺乏音乐能力的”。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：Robby被母亲送来上第一堂钢琴课时已经11岁了。A. drawing绘画；B. dance舞蹈；C. piano钢琴；D. handwriting书法。根据第一段中“I’ve always taught piano lessons in my spare time.”可知，作者教的是钢琴课，因此Robby来上的是“钢琴”课。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：我向Robby解释这一点，但他说听他弹钢琴一直是他母亲的梦想。A. examined检查；B. promised承诺；C. explained解释；D. answered回答。根据上文“Robby was already 11 years old”和“I prefer that students begin at an earlier age.”可知，Robby已经11岁了，作者认为学钢琴应更早开始，因此作者向Robby“解释”了这一点。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：我向Robby解释这一点，但他说听他弹钢琴一直是他母亲的梦想。A. comment评论；B. dream梦想；C. hobby爱好；D. personality个性。根据下文“to hear him play the piano”可知，听Robby弹钢琴是她母亲的“梦想”。 【21题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然Robby非常努力，但他缺乏基本的音乐感。A. Although虽然；B. Once一旦；C. Unless除非；D. Because因为。根据下文“Robby tried very hard, he didn’t have the basic sense of music”可知，Robby努力与缺乏音乐感之间有转折关系，用Although引导让步状语从句。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，他继续坚持，总是说：“我妈妈总有一天会听到我弹琴的。”A. continued继续；B. created创造；C. contacted联系；D. caught抓住。根据下文“he would always say, “My mom’ s going to hear me play some day.””可知，虽然缺乏基本的音乐感，但他选择了“继续”坚持练习。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但似乎没有希望，我对他的缓慢进步感到失望。A. careless粗心的；B. hopeless无希望的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. selfless无私的。根据下文“I was disappointed by his slow progress”可知，Robby的进步缓慢，作者认为他“没有希望”。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：他打电话告诉我他妈妈病了。A. asked问；B. invited邀请；C. guided引导；D. telephoned打电话。根据上文“Then one day Robby didn’t come.”和下文“his mother was sick”可知，Robby没有来，所以是“打电话”告诉作者情况。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：我很高兴他不再来了，因为他确实是我教学的一个坏例子！A. position位置；B. example例子；C. distance距离；D. schedule日程。根据上文“I was disappointed by his slow progress”和“I was glad that he stopped coming”可知，Robby进步缓慢，作者认为Robby的离开反而让自己的教学更轻松，因为是教学上的坏“例子”。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：几周后，我正在为学生们的音乐演出做准备，Robby走过来对我说：“Handorf小姐，我一直想演奏。”A. preparing准备；B. renting租；C. protecting保护；D. regretting后悔。根据下文“my students for the music show”可知，作者正在为音乐演出“做准备”。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：我不知道是什么让我允许他这样做。A. strike打；B. select选择；C. allow允许；D. force强迫。根据上文“Robby came and said, “Miss Handorf, I’ve wanted to play.””和下文“Then Robby came up on stage.”可知，Robby请求参加演出，作者“允许”他这样做。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：也许是他的决心打动了我。A. function功能；B. section部分；C. determination决心；D. memory记忆。根据上文Robby虽然没有天赋，但坚持学琴并主动要求参加演奏可知，他的“决心”打动了作者。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当他说他选了莫扎特最难的一首曲子时，我很惊讶。A. limited有限的；B. satisfied满意的；C. calmed平静的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“when he said he had chosen one of the most difficult pieces of Mozart”可知，一个进步缓慢的学生竟选择最难曲目，作者感到“惊讶”。 【30题详解】 考查副词。句意：它们甚至像在琴键上跳舞。A. indeed确实；B. even甚至；C. actually实际上；D. either也。根据上文“His fingers were light on the keys.”以及下文“danced on the keys”可知，他的手指不仅轻盈，而且“甚至”像在琴键上跳舞，表示程度递进。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：他弹得那么好，每个人都在兴奋地欢呼。A. sitting坐；B. cheering欢呼；C. walking走；D. eating吃。根据上文“He played so well”可知，观众被他的演奏打动，因此“欢呼”。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：我泪流满面地跑上台。A. dragged拖；B. drove驾驶；C. ran跑；D. picked捡起。根据下文“up to stage”以及作者激动落泪的情绪可知，作者是“跑”上台去表示祝贺。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：“嗯，Handorf小姐，我一直在家坚持练习。”A. kept back阻止；B. kept off远离；C. kept on继续；D. kept from阻止。根据上文Robby的惊人表现和下文“practicing at home”可知，Robby一直在“继续”练习。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她生来就失聪，永远听不到我弹钢琴，但今晚是她第一次听到我弹琴。A. shy害羞的；B. weak虚弱的；C. blind盲的；D. deaf聋的。根据下文“she could never hear me play the piano”可知，母亲“失聪”，听不见声音。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我想让这次演奏变得特别。A. special特别的；B. humorous幽默的；C. similar相似的；D. famous著名的。根据上文“tonight was the first time she ever heard me”可知，这是母亲第一次听到Robby弹琴，因此他想让这次演奏“特别”。 第三部分　阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A GET YOUR DEGREE AT HOME Have you ever wondered what a Degree might be worth to you in your job or career? It means a lot of Americans with an Associate Degree average nearly $10,000 more in yearly earning than those with just a High School Diploma. Harcourt Learning Direct offers you a way to get a Specialized Associate Degree in 11 of today’s growing fields—without having to go to college full time. With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time—so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one. Choose from exciting majors like Business Management, Accounting, Dressmaking & Design, Bookkeeping, Photography, Computer Science, Engineering, and more! Your training includes everything you need! Books, lessons, learning aids—even professional—quality tools and equipment—everything you need to master your training and more ahead to a new career is included in the low tuition price you pay. Your education is nationally recognized! Nearly 2,000 American companies — including General Electric, IBM, Mobile, General Motors, Ford, and many others — have used our training for their employees. If companies like these recognize the value of our training, you can be sure that employees in your area will, too! Earn your degree in as little as two years! Get a career diploma in just six months. The career of your dreams is closer than you think! Even if you have no experience before, you can get valuable job skills in today’s hottest fields! Step-by-step lessons make learning easy. Prepare for promotions, pay raises, even start a business of your own! Send today for FREE information about Harcourt at home training! Simply fill in your name and address on the coupon above. Then write in the name and number of the one program you’re most interested in, and mail it today. We’ll rush your free information about how you can take advantage of the opportunities in the field you’ve chosen. Act today! Mail coupon today! Or call the number below 1-800-372-1589 Call any time, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week www.Harcourt-learning.com E-mail: Harcourt@learning.com 36. This advertisement aims at calling on people to ________. A. attend full-time universities B. work part time to further their education C. improve their education at home to get better jobs D. earn their degrees in different ways that suit them 37. Which of the following is NOT clearly mentioned in this advertisement? A. The way how you will get your degree. B. Tuition price. C. The hot fields you will be preparing yourself for. D. The length of time it will take you to get a degree. 38. What does the writer of this ad intend to say by naming General Electric, IBM, Ford, etc.? A. To show that their training is widely used in the country. B. To show that the training program is fully supported by famous companies in the US. C. To prove the value of their training in every area. D. To show the importance of getting recognized by the most famous companies. 39. It seems to the writer that the greatest attraction for people to take their training is ________. A. its convenience B. the degree’s nation wide recognition C. the economic benefit it will bring about D. the lowest tuition price people will pay 40. How many ways are mentioned in the ad for people to get in touch with the Harcourt Learning Direct? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一则业余培训班的招生广告。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time—so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one.(有了Harcourt，你可以在家里利用业余时间学习，这样你就不必在为更好的工作而训练的同时放弃现在的工作。)”可知，这个广告旨在号召人们在家里提高他们的教育，找到更好的工作，故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Your training includes everything you need!部分的“Books, lessons, learning aids—even professional—quality tools and equipment—everything you need to master your training and more ahead to a new career is included in the low tuition price you pay.(书籍、课程、学习辅助工具，甚至是专业质量的工具和设备，你所需要的一切都包括在你支付的低廉学费中)”可知，文章中提到学费低，但没说具体多少学费，故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据Your education is nationally recognized!部分第一段的“Nearly 2,000 American companies — including General Electric, IBM, Mobile, General Motors, Ford, and many others — have used our training for their employees. If companies like these recognize the value of our training, you can be sure that employees in your area will, too!(将近2000家美国公司——包括通用电气、IBM、移动、通用汽车、福特和许多其他公司——已经在他们的员工中使用了我们的培训。如果像这样的公司认识到我们培训的价值，你可以肯定你所在领域的员工也会认识到！)”可知，这则广告的作者点名通用电气、IBM、福特等公司是为了证明他们在各个领域的训练的价值。故选C。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever wondered what a Degree might be worth to you in your job or career? It means a lot of Americans with an Associate Degree average nearly $10,000 more in yearly earning than those with just a High School Diploma.(你有没有想过学位对你的工作或职业有什么价值？这意味着许多拥有副学士学位的美国人的年平均收入比那些只有高中文凭的人多出近1万美)”和Your education is nationally recognized!部分第三段“Prepare for promotions, pay raises, even start a business of your own!(准备好升职、加薪，甚至自己创业吧！)”可推知，在作者看来，对人们进行培训的最大吸引力是它将带来的经济效益，故选C。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第五段的“Simply fill in your name and address on the coupon above. Then write in the name and number of the one program you’re most interested in, and mail it today.(只需在上面的优惠券上填写您的姓名和地址。然后写上你最感兴趣的课程的名称和编号，今天就寄出去。)”，倒数第四段的“Or call the number below(拨打以下电话)”，“www.Harcourt-learning.com”和“E-mail: Harcourt@learning.com(电子邮箱：Harcourt@learning.com)”可知，广告中提到了四种和Harcourt Learning Direct联系的方法，故选D。 B When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my problem began. Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day. As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set for 5:00 A.M. The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was when my morning writing began. Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published. When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second for fiction. Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the time, I would still be waiting to write my novel. What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create, stealing it from yourself if its the only way. 41. What motivated the author to start her writing career? A. Her strong wish to share. B. Her keen interest in writing. C. Her urgent need to make a living. D. Her passionate desire for fame. 42. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing? A. She was too exhausted to write after a busy day. B. She had trouble in deciding on her writing style. C. She had to take time to discipline her daughter. D. She was unsure about her writing skills. 43. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway? A. In case the clock in her room broke down. B. In case she failed to hear the ringing. C. To force herself out of bed. D. To wake up her family. 44. How did the author manage to finish her novel? A. By sticking to writing every morning. B. By writing when her mind was most active. C. By drawing inspirations from classic novels. D. By reducing her teaching hours at school. 45. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career? A. It is never too late to change your job. B. Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time. C. A tight schedule is no excuse for lack of action. D. Daily life provides ideas for creative writing. 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language.”当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway.”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。 C Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control. One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores. The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed gratification. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy, or they could wait for a brief period in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat. Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive (冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is part of our willpower that is rational (理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses. Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides. 46. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people ______. A. avoid various possible troubles B. communicate well with others C. show proper behaviors consciously D. deal with more important things timely 47. What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies? A. Those working hardest. B. Those respecting the teacher most. C. Those having the greatest willpower. D. Those performing most actively in class. 48. What does the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Effect. B. Competition. C. Hardship. D. Enjoyment. 49. What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975? A. Few children could get two treats. B. Not all the kids was short of patience. C. Most of the children ate another treat. D. Self-control is very important for one’s future. 50. Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system? A. Consuming plenty of sweet food. B. Staying up late at night often. C. Copying others’s homework. D. Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks. 【答案】46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了自控力是调节行为以实现长远目标的能力。研究表明它十分重要，米歇尔通过棉花糖实验提出冷热系统解释延迟满足。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals.(自制力是指通过调节和调整反应，以避免不良行为、增强积极行为并实现长期目标的能力。)”可知，良好的自控力能帮助人们有意识地展现出恰当的行为。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores.( 一项实验表明，表现出更强自制力的学生成绩更好、考试分数更高，且更有可能被录取进入竞争激烈的学术项目。该研究还发现，在学业成就方面，自制力比智商成绩更为重要。)”可知，研究表明，自控力（意志力）越强的学生学业表现越好，且其对学业成功的影响甚至超过智商。 【48题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线单词句中“The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed gratification.(心理学家沃尔特·米歇尔于1975年开展了著名的延迟gratification相关实验。)”以及下文“In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy, or they could wait for a brief period in order to get two treats.(在这些实验中，孩子们被给予一个选择：他们可以选择立即吃一块零食，通常是饼干或糖果；也可以选择稍等片刻，等待获得两块零食。)”可知，第三段的实验中，孩子需要在“立刻吃一份零食”和“等待后获得两份零食”之间做选择，核心是“延迟获得满足感/愉悦感”，即经典的“延迟满足”实验。故猜测gratification意为“满足、快感”，与D选项enjoyment“享受”语义最接近。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat.(不出所料，许多孩子在研究人员离开房间后立刻吃了那块零食。然而，也有一些孩子能够坚持等待第二块零食。)”可知，实验结果显示，许多孩子无法等待、立刻吃掉零食，但也有一部分孩子能够克制自己等待奖励，说明并非所有孩子都缺乏耐心。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The cool system is part of our willpower that is rational (理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.(冷系统是我们理性和深思熟虑的意志力的一部分，它使我们能够考虑我们行为的后果，以抵制我们的冲动。)”可推知，冷系统（cool system）的特征是理性、深思熟虑、抵制冲动、考量长远后果。“戒掉高糖饮料”是主动克制即时欲望、为健康考量的理性行为，符合冷系统的特点。 D The famous French beauty company L’ Oréal has promised that by 2030, 95 percent of its ingredients (原料) will come from renewable plant sources and be respectful of the environment. Asked what is driving the beauty industry to clean and green beauty, Laurent Gilbert, one of L’ Oréal’s directors said, “Natural science has made progress in the past years so that we can change to natural ingredients.” L’ Oréal says it will draw on recent developments in Green Sciences to get the best that nature has to offer through technology. Up to now, 80 percent of the Group’s materials have been easily biodegradable (生物可降解的), 59 percent have been renewable, and 34 percent have been natural or of natural origin. And 29 percent of the ingredients used in their products were developed following the rules of Green Chemistry. “We have already used active ingredients which are plant-based. The way we are getting and producing ingredients will change.” Gilbert added. As part of their sustainability (可持续性) program, the brand had also promised to use less plastic. It said, “By 2030, 100 percent of the plastics used in L’ Oréal’s products’ packaging will be from recycled sources. We have a strong policy to help reach that goal. Besides making it recyclable, we are trying to move to a new kind of packaging.” “All our promises are global. We have two research centers in India, one in Bengaluru and one in Mumbai. Those are really important to those goals. The Bengaluru one is being specialized in natural ingredients. It will give support to this change,” says the research center, which was set up in India in 1994. To achieve these aims, L’ Oréal has brought all of its resources in Green Sciences together, including recent progress in agricultural economics, together with new developments in biotechnology, Green Chemistry and modeling tools. The Group is also building strong relationships with universities, new companies and its own material suppliers. 51. What plays an important role in L’ Oréal’s decision to change its ingredients? A. The support from the local government. B. The development of natural science. C. The call for smart spending habits. D. The research on target markets. 52. What does the underlined phrase “draw on” in paragraph 2 mean? A. put an end to B. make use of C. give up D. take charge of 53. Why does L’ Oréal turn to a new packaging method? A. To bring convenience to customers. B. To avoid damage to its products. C. To cut the cost of packaging. D. To reduce plastic use. 54. What does L’ Oréal do to reach its goals? A. Develop new resources and join hands with different groups. B. Limit the number of factories in developed countries. C. Grow more plants and invite plenty of professionals. D. Keep the traditional way of producing materials. 55. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. L’ Oréal’s achievements in business. B. L’ Oréal’s challenge of increasing sales. C. L’ Oréal’s plans for green and clean beauty. D. L’ Oréal’s expectation of creating plant-based food. 【答案】51. B 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了欧莱雅承诺 2030年实现原料可再生、包装塑料全部回收，依托绿色科技与印度研发中心等多方资源推进绿色可持续美妆计划。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Natural science has made progress in the past years so that we can change to natural ingredients.(自然科学在过去几年取得了进步，因此我们可以转向天然原料。)”可知，自然科学的发展促使了欧莱雅决定改变其产品原料。 【52题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段划线短语句中“L’ Oréal says it will draw on recent developments in Green Sciences to get the best that nature has to offer through technology.( 欧莱雅表示，它将draw on绿色科学的最新发展，通过技术获得大自然所能提供的最好的东西。)”结合后文欧莱雅依托绿色科学相关技术推进原料环保化的内容，可推知划线短语“draw on”的含义是“利用、使用”，和make use of一致。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“As part of their sustainability (可持续性) program, the brand had also promised to use less plastic.(作为其可持续发展计划的一部分，该品牌还承诺减少塑料的使用。)”以及段末的“Besides making it recyclable, we are trying to move to a new kind of packaging.(除了使其可回收利用外，我们正努力转向一种新型包装。)”可知，欧莱雅研发新包装的根本目的是为了减少塑料的使用。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To achieve these aims, L’ Oréal has brought all of its resources in Green Sciences together, including recent progress in agricultural economics, together with new developments in biotechnology, Green Chemistry and modeling tools. The Group is also building strong relationships with universities, new companies and its own material suppliers.(为实现这些目标，欧莱雅已整合其在绿色科学领域的全部资源，包括农业经济学的最新进展，以及生物技术、绿色化学和建模工具方面的创新成果。此外，集团还与大学、新兴企业及其材料供应商建立了紧密的合作关系。)”可知，欧莱雅通过整合开发资源并与不同群体携手合作来实现其目标。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出欧莱雅致力于“clean and green beauty(清洁和绿色美容)”的承诺，随后各段详细介绍了其在天然原料研发、减少塑料包装、设立专门研究中心以及多方合作等方面的具体计划和举措。因此，选项C“欧莱雅关于绿色和清洁美容的计划”最能概括全文主旨，适合作为文章标题。 第II卷 非选择题 第四部分　写作 第一节　阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。 阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Last week, 84-year-old Janet Fein received her bachelor’s degree from the University of Texas at Dallas. Fein has had a full life. She has raised five children and then had a career as a secretary until she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest. She said she decided to major in sociology because she felt it was very important. Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City. She just wanted to get a job in high school. After graduating at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs throughout her life, including 20 years as a secretary at hospital. She also worked for 20 years on earning an associate degree. But Fein also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree “with all of my heart”. Even with all of her life experiences. she still enjoyed reading, writing papers and learning new things. Health experts say continuing with education later in life is one way to keep fit. Carmel Dyer, director of the UTHealth Consortium on Aging at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, says keeping active and giving yourself something to look forward to “is just really positive move”. Fein kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. Therefore, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements. Her college advisor Sheila Rollerson said Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties. “She just kept plugging along.” Rollerson said. 56. What was Janet Fein’s last work before she retired? (No more than 2 words) ________________ 57. What did Janet Fein want to do most after earning an associate degree? (No more than 5 words) ________________ 58. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (No more than 10 words) ________________ 59. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? (No more than 5 words) ________________ 60. What do you think of Janet Fein? Give your reason. (No more than 20 words) ________________ 【答案】56. A secretary 57. To earn a bachelor's degree. 58. Continuing with education later in life helps keep fit. 59. She just kept moving./She kept making an effort. 60. In terms of her determination after her retirement and her perseverance during the study, she is ambitious and determined. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位84岁的老人实现了从大学毕业的人生目标的励志故事。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Fein has had a full life. She has raised five children and then had a career as a secretary until she retired at age 77.”（Fein过着充实的生活。她养育了5个孩子，在77岁退休前一直从事秘书工作。）中的as a secretary可知，她在退休前是一名秘书。故答案为A secretary. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“But Fein also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree “with all of my heart”.”（但Fein也“全心全意”地想要获得学士学位。）中的a bachelor’s degree可知，Fein 最想要的是一个学士学位。故答案为To earn a bachelor's degree. 【58题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“Health experts say continuing with education later in life is one way to keep fit. ”（健康专家说，晚年继续接受教育是保持健康的一种方式。）可知，本段讲述了晚年继续接受教育有助于保持健康。故答案为Continuing with education later in life helps keep fit. 【59题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据最后一段第一句“Fein kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened. ”（在她的健康状况恶化的时候，费恩仍然坚持去上课。）及“Her college advisor Sheila Rollerson said Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties.”（她的大学顾问 Sheila Rollerson 说，尽管遇到了这么多困难，但 费恩从未表现出放弃的迹象。）可推知，划线句的意思为：她一直在努力前进，没有放弃。故答案为She just kept moving./She kept making an effort. 【60题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第一段中“But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest. She said she decided to major in sociology because she felt it was very important.”（但即便如此，她还没有准备好放松和休息。她说她决定主修社会学，因为她觉得这很重要。）可推知，她是一个很有抱负的人；根据最后一段中 “Her college advisor Sheila Rollerson said Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties. ”（她的大学顾问 Sheila Rollerson 说，尽管遇到了这么多困难，但 费恩从未表现出放弃的迹象。）可知，她是一个意志坚定的人。故答案为In terms of her determination after her retirement and her perseverance during the study, she is ambitious and determined. 第二节　书面表达（满分25分） 61. 根据下面的提示，写一篇文章。 假如你是李津，你的美国朋友Peter将参加一场演讲比赛。他对比赛感到非常紧张，特意发来电子邮件，向你求助。请据此并结合下面的写作提示给他回一封信。 1. 赛前准备，如保持冷静，多加练习，持之以恒等； 2. 比赛时的注意事项，如面带微笑，表达清晰，幽默等； 3. 祝他好运。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】 Dear Peter, I’m sorry to hear that you feel nervous about the coming speech competition. It’s normal to feel this way, and I’d like to offer you some useful advice. First of all, keep calm and practise your speech repeatedly. Practise every day and stick to it. Constant practice will help you become familiar with your words and build up your confidence. When you are giving the speech, remember to wear a smile. Speak slowly and clearly so that the audience can follow you. You can also add some proper humour to make your speech more attractive. Believe in yourself. I’m sure you can do a wonderful job. Good luck! Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对于你的美国朋友Peter将参加一场演讲比赛，他对比赛感到非常紧张，特意发来电子邮件，向你求助这一情况，结合下面的写作提示给他回一封信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 紧张的：nervous→ anxious 坚持：stick to→ insist on 熟悉的：familiar→ acquainted 吸引人的：attractive→ appealing 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Constant practice will help you become familiar with your words and build up your confidence. 拓展句：If you keep practising constantly, you will get familiar with your speech and build up your confidence. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you feel nervous about the coming speech competition.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】When you are giving the speech, remember to wear a smile.（运用了When引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 十年级英语 第I卷 单项选择题  第一部分　听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman probably do tonight? A. See a comedy. B. Prepare for the test. C. Try to cheer the man up. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A computer game. B. An imaginary situation. C. An exciting overseas experience. 3. When does the man's son work all day at the supermarket? A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Saturday. 4. What is the woman complaining about the shoes? A. Its late delivery. B. Its wrong color. C. Its bad rating. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面三段材料，每段材料后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6~8题。 6. What is the weather like today? A. Hot. B. Warm. C. Cold. 7. What are the speakers doing? A. Having a bike ride. B. Planning a vacation. C. Enjoying a lunch break. 8. What is the woman's feeling in the end? A. Crazy. B. Angry. C. Delighted. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What made the man decide to travel on an elephant? A. A photo exhibition of elephants. B. A good knowledge of traveling. C. An expert's advice. 10. How long did the journey last? A. About two weeks. B. About two months. C. About two years. 11. What happened to Tara? A. She was sold to a market. B. She was sent to a national park. C. She was badly injured on the journey. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. 13. What is the aim of Reading Program? A. To hold reading competitions. B. To encourage students to read more. C. To form a good parent-teacher relationship. 14. What should students do first in this program? A. Choose books. B. Take quizzes. C. Attend meetings. 15. How can one check the meeting times? A. By calling the office. B. By reading the report. C. By visiting the website. 第二部分　英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节　单项填空（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Do you mind me using your electronic dictionary? ---- ________ . Please go ahead. A. Never mind B. Of course not C. Yes, I do D. That’s all right 2. ________a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key to success. A. When B. While C. Unless D. Where 3. All the candidates are excellent, but I like the last one ________ — his experience is just what we need at the moment. A. in pain B. in turn C. in debt D. in particular 4. She is struggling ________ up a family on a very low income. A. bringing B. to bring C. brought D. bring 5. Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. whom B. which C. who D. that 6. When communicating with strangers, try to avoid ________ your personal information, which may put you at risk. A. to show B. showing C. shown D. being shown 7. With only five minutes left from the end, the ______ of the close match was still in doubt. A. cooperation B. opponent C. outcome D. outline 8. 【2018·天津】I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. A. to eat；to try B. eating；trying C. eating；to try D. to eat； trying 9. The people in the village are so ______ that they are willing to help every visitor. A. positive B. delighted C. enthusiastic D. permanent 10. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when 11. Friendship does not ______ involve a sharing of activities, it is a sharing of a self on the personal level. A. merely B. rarely C. gently D. closely 12. Volunteers who work at community ______ all the love we can give them, since they offer so much but get so little reputation. A. persevere B. entertain C. deserve D. guarantee 13. We regret ________ you that the book you need is not available at the moment in this library. A. having told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told 14. ________ payment online is safe, people will be more likely to link their bank cards to Alipay or Wechat. A. Even if B. As if C. Unless D. As long as 15. My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 第二节　完形填空（共20题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） I’ve always taught piano lessons in my spare time. Over the years I found that children have ____16____ musical abilities. Although I’ve taught some gifted students, I’ve also met so-called “musically ____17____” pupils. One such student is Robby. Robby was already 11 years old when his mother sent him for his first ____18____ lesson. I prefer that students begin at an earlier age. I ____19____ it to Robby, but he said it had always been his mother’s ____20____ to hear him play the piano. So I took him as a student. ____21____ Robby tried very hard, he didn’t have the basic sense of music. However, he ____22____ and he would always say, “My mom’s going to hear me play some day.” But it seemed ____23____, and I was disappointed by his slow progress. Then one day Robby didn’t come. He ____24____ me his mother was sick. I was glad that he stopped coming, since he was really a bad ____25____ for my teaching! Several weeks later I was ____26____ my students for the music show when Robby came and said, “Miss Handorf, I’ve wanted to play.” I don’t know what made me ____27____ him to do that. Maybe it was his ____28____ that touched me. The night for the show came. It went well. Then Robby came up on stage. I was ____29____ when he said he had chosen one of the most difficult pieces of Mozart. But I was not prepared for what I heard next. His fingers were light on the keys. They ____30____ danced on the keys. He played so well that everyone was ____31____ excitedly. In tears I ____32____ up to stage. “Oh, Robby! How would you do it?” “Well, Miss Handorf, I ____33____ practicing at home. Remember I told you my mom was sick? In fact she had cancer and passed away this morning. And she was born ____34____, she could never hear me play the piano, but tonight was the first time she ever heard me. I wanted to make it ____35____.” 16. A. strange B. low C. local D. different 17. A. challenged B. breathed C. encouraged D. inspired 18. A. drawing B. dance C. piano D. handwriting 19. A. examined B. promised C. explained D. answered 20. A. comment B. dream C. hobby D. personality 21. A. Although B. Once C. Unless D. Because 22. A. continued B. created C. contacted D. caught 23. A. careless B. hopeless C. homeless D. selfless 24. A. asked B. invited C. guided D. telephoned 25. A. position B. example C. distance D. schedule 26. A. preparing B. renting C. protecting D. regretting 27. A. strike B. select C. allow D. force 28. A. function B. section C. determination D. memory 29. A. limited B. satisfied C. calmed D. surprised 30. A. indeed B. even C. actually D. either 31. A. sitting B. cheering C. walking D. eating 32. A. dragged B. drove C. ran D. picked 33. A. kept back B. kept off C. kept on D. kept from 34. A. shy B. weak C. blind D. deaf 35. A. special B. humorous C. similar D. famous 第三部分　阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A GET YOUR DEGREE AT HOME Have you ever wondered what a Degree might be worth to you in your job or career? It means a lot of Americans with an Associate Degree average nearly $10,000 more in yearly earning than those with just a High School Diploma. Harcourt Learning Direct offers you a way to get a Specialized Associate Degree in 11 of today’s growing fields—without having to go to college full time. With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time—so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one. Choose from exciting majors like Business Management, Accounting, Dressmaking & Design, Bookkeeping, Photography, Computer Science, Engineering, and more! Your training includes everything you need! Books, lessons, learning aids—even professional—quality tools and equipment—everything you need to master your training and more ahead to a new career is included in the low tuition price you pay. Your education is nationally recognized! Nearly 2,000 American companies — including General Electric, IBM, Mobile, General Motors, Ford, and many others — have used our training for their employees. If companies like these recognize the value of our training, you can be sure that employees in your area will, too! Earn your degree in as little as two years! Get a career diploma in just six months. The career of your dreams is closer than you think! Even if you have no experience before, you can get valuable job skills in today’s hottest fields! Step-by-step lessons make learning easy. Prepare for promotions, pay raises, even start a business of your own! Send today for FREE information about Harcourt at home training! Simply fill in your name and address on the coupon above. Then write in the name and number of the one program you’re most interested in, and mail it today. We’ll rush your free information about how you can take advantage of the opportunities in the field you’ve chosen. Act today! Mail coupon today! Or call the number below 1-800-372-1589 Call any time, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week www.Harcourt-learning.com E-mail: Harcourt@learning.com 36. This advertisement aims at calling on people to ________. A. attend full-time universities B. work part time to further their education C. improve their education at home to get better jobs D. earn their degrees in different ways that suit them 37. Which of the following is NOT clearly mentioned in this advertisement? A. The way how you will get your degree. B. Tuition price. C. The hot fields you will be preparing yourself for. D. The length of time it will take you to get a degree. 38. What does the writer of this ad intend to say by naming General Electric, IBM, Ford, etc.? A. To show that their training is widely used in the country. B. To show that the training program is fully supported by famous companies in the US. C. To prove the value of their training in every area. D. To show the importance of getting recognized by the most famous companies. 39. It seems to the writer that the greatest attraction for people to take their training is ________. A. its convenience B. the degree’s nation wide recognition C. the economic benefit it will bring about D. the lowest tuition price people will pay 40. How many ways are mentioned in the ad for people to get in touch with the Harcourt Learning Direct? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. B When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my problem began. Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day. As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set for 5:00 A.M. The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was when my morning writing began. Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published. When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second for fiction. Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the time, I would still be waiting to write my novel. What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create, stealing it from yourself if its the only way. 41. What motivated the author to start her writing career? A. Her strong wish to share. B. Her keen interest in writing. C. Her urgent need to make a living. D. Her passionate desire for fame. 42. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing? A. She was too exhausted to write after a busy day. B. She had trouble in deciding on her writing style. C. She had to take time to discipline her daughter. D. She was unsure about her writing skills. 43. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway? A. In case the clock in her room broke down. B. In case she failed to hear the ringing. C. To force herself out of bed. D. To wake up her family. 44. How did the author manage to finish her novel? A. By sticking to writing every morning. B. By writing when her mind was most active. C. By drawing inspirations from classic novels. D. By reducing her teaching hours at school. 45. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career? A. It is never too late to change your job. B. Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time. C. A tight schedule is no excuse for lack of action. D. Daily life provides ideas for creative writing. C Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control. One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores. The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed gratification. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy, or they could wait for a brief period in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat. Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive (冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is part of our willpower that is rational (理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses. Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides. 46. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people ______. A. avoid various possible troubles B. communicate well with others C. show proper behaviors consciously D. deal with more important things timely 47. What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies? A. Those working hardest. B. Those respecting the teacher most. C. Those having the greatest willpower. D. Those performing most actively in class. 48. What does the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Effect. B. Competition. C. Hardship. D. Enjoyment. 49. What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975? A. Few children could get two treats. B. Not all the kids was short of patience. C. Most of the children ate another treat. D. Self-control is very important for one’s future. 50. Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system? A. Consuming plenty of sweet food. B. Staying up late at night often. C. Copying others’s homework. D. Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks. D The famous French beauty company L’ Oréal has promised that by 2030, 95 percent of its ingredients (原料) will come from renewable plant sources and be respectful of the environment. Asked what is driving the beauty industry to clean and green beauty, Laurent Gilbert, one of L’ Oréal’s directors said, “Natural science has made progress in the past years so that we can change to natural ingredients.” L’ Oréal says it will draw on recent developments in Green Sciences to get the best that nature has to offer through technology. Up to now, 80 percent of the Group’s materials have been easily biodegradable (生物可降解的), 59 percent have been renewable, and 34 percent have been natural or of natural origin. And 29 percent of the ingredients used in their products were developed following the rules of Green Chemistry. “We have already used active ingredients which are plant-based. The way we are getting and producing ingredients will change.” Gilbert added. As part of their sustainability (可持续性) program, the brand had also promised to use less plastic. It said, “By 2030, 100 percent of the plastics used in L’ Oréal’s products’ packaging will be from recycled sources. We have a strong policy to help reach that goal. Besides making it recyclable, we are trying to move to a new kind of packaging.” “All our promises are global. We have two research centers in India, one in Bengaluru and one in Mumbai. Those are really important to those goals. The Bengaluru one is being specialized in natural ingredients. It will give support to this change,” says the research center, which was set up in India in 1994. To achieve these aims, L’ Oréal has brought all of its resources in Green Sciences together, including recent progress in agricultural economics, together with new developments in biotechnology, Green Chemistry and modeling tools. The Group is also building strong relationships with universities, new companies and its own material suppliers. 51. What plays an important role in L’ Oréal’s decision to change its ingredients? A. The support from the local government. B. The development of natural science. C. The call for smart spending habits. D. The research on target markets. 52. What does the underlined phrase “draw on” in paragraph 2 mean? A. put an end to B. make use of C. give up D. take charge of 53. Why does L’ Oréal turn to a new packaging method? A. To bring convenience to customers. B. To avoid damage to its products. C. To cut the cost of packaging. D. To reduce plastic use. 54. What does L’ Oréal do to reach its goals? A. Develop new resources and join hands with different groups. B. Limit the number of factories in developed countries. C. Grow more plants and invite plenty of professionals. D. Keep the traditional way of producing materials. 55. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. L’ Oréal’s achievements in business. B. L’ Oréal’s challenge of increasing sales. C. L’ Oréal’s plans for green and clean beauty. D. L’ Oréal’s expectation of creating plant-based food. 第II卷 非选择题 第四部分　写作 第一节　阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。 阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Last week, 84-year-old Janet Fein received her bachelor’s degree from the University of Texas at Dallas. Fein has had a full life. She has raised five children and then had a career as a secretary until she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest. She said she decided to major in sociology because she felt it was very important. Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City. She just wanted to get a job in high school. After graduating at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs throughout her life, including 20 years as a secretary at hospital. She also worked for 20 years on earning an associate degree. But Fein also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree “with all of my heart”. Even with all of her life experiences. she still enjoyed reading, writing papers and learning new things. Health experts say continuing with education later in life is one way to keep fit. Carmel Dyer, director of the UTHealth Consortium on Aging at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, says keeping active and giving yourself something to look forward to “is just really positive move”. Fein kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. Therefore, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements. Her college advisor Sheila Rollerson said Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties. “She just kept plugging along.” Rollerson said. 56. What was Janet Fein’s last work before she retired? (No more than 2 words) ________________ 57. What did Janet Fein want to do most after earning an associate degree? (No more than 5 words) ________________ 58. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (No more than 10 words) ________________ 59. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? (No more than 5 words) ________________ 60. What do you think of Janet Fein? Give your reason. (No more than 20 words) ________________ 第二节　书面表达（满分25分） 61. 根据下面的提示，写一篇文章。 假如你是李津，你的美国朋友Peter将参加一场演讲比赛。他对比赛感到非常紧张，特意发来电子邮件，向你求助。请据此并结合下面的写作提示给他回一封信。 1. 赛前准备，如保持冷静，多加练习，持之以恒等； 2. 比赛时的注意事项，如面带微笑，表达清晰，幽默等； 3. 祝他好运。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $