专题并列句与状语从句导学案（ 武汉素材版）-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项

专题并列句与状语从句

（一轮复习·讲练结合·武汉素材版）

【考情提醒】这两类结构分值不高，但几乎每篇语法填空都会碰到一个。难点不在认不出连词，而在同一个连词换个位置就换个意思：while 可以表对比，也可以表时间；so that 可以表目的，也可以表结果。判断依据只有一条——两个分句之间到底是什么关系。

【考点精讲】

一、并列句：两个分句地位平等

两个句子由并列连词连接，谁也不依附谁。常考五个连词。

1. and：顺承、递进

   The No.2 metro line crosses the river just east of Jianghan Road, and it is the busiest line in the city.

2. but / yet：转折

   The old Guishan TV Tower was once the tallest thing in the city, but it now looks small beside the towers of Optics Valley.

3. or：选择，或“否则”

   You can rent a bike at the East Lake gate or bring your own; both are fine on the greenway.

4. so：因果

   The two rivers split the city into three, so the older bridges carry far more traffic than they were designed for.

5. while：对比

   The old lanes empty out after the breakfast rush, while the riverside stays busy with walkers until dark.

【提示】for 也能作并列连词表原因，但语气偏正式，且只能放在后一分句之前，不能像 because 那样用来回答 why 的提问。

二、时间状语从句

1. when / while / as 三个“当……的时候”，区别在时间的长短。

when：既可以是时间点，也可以是一段时间。

while：强调一段时间之内，后面常跟进行时或延续性动词。

as：强调“随着”，前后往往同时变化，这一层意思是 when 和 while 都没有的。

   As the metro network grew, more and more commuters began to leave their cars at home.

2. before / after

两个固定句型要记牢：It will be + 时间段 + before...（还要过多久才……）；It was + 时间段 + before...（过了多久才……）。前者指向将来，后者指向过去，谓语一个用 will be，一个用 was。

   It was two years before the old street regained its foot traffic.

3. until / not...until

until 表“一直到”，主句动词必须是延续性的；not...until 表“直到……才”，主句动词多为瞬间性的。两者不能混用，动词性质就是判断依据。

   肯定：The riverside park stays open until midnight in summer.

   否定：The old factory did not reopen until the soil had been cleaned up.

4. since：自从

since 引导的从句通常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。这一条几乎年年考。

   Since the city began planting shade trees along the streets, summer afternoons have felt a little cooler.

三、条件状语从句

1. if：如果。主将从现——主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。

   If the winter is mild, the plum blossoms at Moshan open earlier than usual.

2. unless：除非，相当于 if...not...。

转换时注意：unless 本身已含否定，改成 if 从句时把 not 补回去（unless you book ahead = if you don’t book ahead），不要在 unless 从句里再加 not。

   You cannot judge the city unless you have walked through its back streets at dusk.

3. as long as：只要。表条件，兼有“前提”意味。

   As long as the river stays calm, the ferry runs on schedule.

四、原因、让步、目的、结果

1. because / since / as：因为

because 语气最强，专门回答 why；since 表“既然”，原因多为双方已知；as 语气最弱，原因只是附带说明。位置也不同：because 从句可前可后，since 和 as 多置于句首。

   The streets empty quickly after seven because most offices close at the same hour.

2. although / though / even though：虽然

【铁律】although 与 but 不能出现在同一个句子里。中文的“虽然……但是……”在英文里只能保留一个，这是写作中最常见的母语干扰。

   Although the bridge was built in the 1950s, it still carries a heavy load of traffic every day.

3. so that：为了，以便。从句常带 can / could / will / would。

   The city opened the riverside to the public so that residents could reach the water again.

4. so...that...：如此……以至于……。so 后接形容词或副词，such 后接名词短语，两者不可混。

   The summer heat was so fierce that the pavement burned through the soles of your shoes.

5. 让步倒装（进阶）

as 和 though 引导让步从句时，可以把表语或状语提到句首，形成倒装。写作中偶尔用一次，句子立刻不一样。

   Young as the city’s tech industry is, it has already made a name for itself.

【即学即练】

（题目围绕武汉的过江方式、街巷生活与四季气候，先判断两个分句的关系，再选连词。）