精品解析：河南省部分学校2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

高二年级过程性作业评价 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1.What does the man think of the film? A.It is a bit loud. B.It is plotless. C.It is a little pricey. 2.Why does the man refuse the delivery robot’s call? A.He is having a meeting. B.He is busy on the phone. C.He is going back home. 3.Why did the man read at home recently? A.To prepare for a test. B.To get relaxed. C.To do a survey. 4.What is the woman’s main concern about the yoga class? A.The high cost. B.The impersonal touch. C.The inflexible schedule. 5.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A.Dining hall labels. B.Beef burgers. C.Supermarket food. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6.What did the man sell last month? A.Handmade cards. B.Lemon tea. C.Second-hand books. 7.What does the man think matters in his business success? A.His sales experience. B.His products. C.The location. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Coworkers. B.Doctor and patient. C.Neighbors. 9.What does the man decide to do in the end? A.Take sick leave. B.Drink some coffee. C.Use the sleeping chair. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the problem with the woman’s bike? A.It’s difficult to ride forward. B.It has a broken back wheel. C.It makes a loud strange noise. 11.What does the man advise the woman to do first? A.Hire a bike. B.Buy a new bike. C.Have the bike repaired. 12.How will the woman go to school if the repair takes long? A.By shared bike. B.By bus. C.On foot. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13.What is wrong with the man? A.He has a sleep problem. B.He failed the midterm exam. C.He has a fear for stress in life. 14.What method does the woman use to reduce exam stress? A.Listening to music before sleep. B.Writing down her worries on paper. C.Doing 10-minute workouts every morning. 15.How does the man usually deal with anxiety? A.By playing games. B.By sharing with friends. C.By watching videos. 16.What will the man try this weekend? A.Daily journaling. B.A new study schedule. C.Running in the park. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17.Where is the speaker most probably from? A.Italy. B.Mexico. C.Ghana. 18.What did the speaker study in school? A.Agriculture. B.Management. C.Cooking. 19.What is the speaker’s main goal? A.To open a restaurant. B.To promote local food. C.To write a cookbook. 20.What does the speaker suggest young people do? A.Eat healthy food. B.Keep native food traditions alive. C.Travel to learn about foreign food. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP & STORIES THAT TRANSFORM (转变) US Here are two philosophy programs for young people and schools. YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP Doing philosophy requires training. Like many other things, it is about practicing a little every day. We need to become familiar with philosophical tools, practice proper argumentation, and learn to question what seems obvious. In this way, we can create new tools and ideas. For: primary and secondary school students & their teachers Fee: $100 per participant Our workshops share 3 goals: • sharpen critical thinking • inspire the imagination of different answers • practice the skills of dialogue and listening Main topics: • education in the relationship with the environment and living beings • education in dialogue, constructive communication and listening • philosophy as a means of personal and collective transformation Design phase: June — December 2027 STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US This program focuses on personal and collective transformation through knowledge. It combines philosophy and literature. It was developed according to the Service-Learning approach, and also uses the Philosophy for Children (P4C) methodology. Aims: 1)Train students early in: • critical and creative thinking • reading, understanding and enjoyment of literary texts 2)Train university students to translate specialist knowledge into learning and social transformation projects for the community. Who: university students; university professors Fee: 200 per university student; 150 per university professor Stories & myths (神话): King Midas, Atalanta and Hippomenes Method: Matthew Lipman’s Philosophy for Children Design phase: July — December 2027 Discount: Register before May 31, 2027, and receive 20% off the regular fee. Quick Facts Program Main focus Key methods / tools Fee YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP Critical thinking, dialogue, listening Philosophical tools, argumentation $100 STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US Transformation through knowledge Philosophy, literature, Service-Learning, P4C 200 students/ 150 (professors) 1. What is one goal of the YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP? A. To study Greek myths.  B. To develop critical thinking. C. To improve translation skills.  D. To train university professors. 2. What is the discounted fee for a student attending STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US? A. 120. B. 150.  C. 160. D. 200. 3. What do the two programs have in common? A. They both last six months.  B. They both use literary texts. C. They both involve philosophical thinking.  D. They both focus on environmental education. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了两个面向青少年和学校的哲学项目——“青年思考者工作坊”和“改变我们的故事”的目标、内容与费用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP部分中“Our workshops share 3 goals: •sharpen critical thinking •inspire the imagination of different answers •practice the skills of dialogue and listening(我们的工作坊有三个共同目标：•增强批判性思维 •激发对不同答案的想象力 •练习对话和倾听技能。)”可知，该项目的一个目标是培养批判性思维。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US部分中“Fee: 200 per university student(费用：每位大学生200。)”以及“Discount: Register before May 31, 2027, and receive 20% off the regular fee.(折扣：在2027年5月31日前注册，可享受常规费用20%的折扣。)”可知，学生原价为200，享受八折后为160。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Here are two philosophy programs for young people and schools.(以下是两个面向年轻人和学校的哲学项目。)”可知，两个项目都属于哲学类项目；同时，YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP部分提到“Doing philosophy requires training.(做哲学需要训练。)”，STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US部分提到“It combines philosophy and literature.(它结合了哲学和文学。)”以及“Philosophy for Children (P4C) methodology(儿童哲学方法)”，说明两者都涉及哲学思考。 B Jay Jung, 18, grew up with his grandparents in South Korea. Walking around Seoul with them as an elementary schooler, he noticed they often couldn’t keep up with the crossing signals, struggling to cross the street in time before cars came racing by. “Whenever I would go with them to the local convenience store or the local park, I would realize that we were not even halfway and then the light just suddenly turned red,” Jung said. “Once I noticed it, it was really hard not to notice it.” The ill-timed crosswalk lights bothered him, but Jung didn’t think he could do much about it until he found his passion for technology in middle school. Now a high schooler at Phillips Academy, a boarding school in Massachusetts, Jung has actualized his vision to keep his grandparents safe on crosswalks. Instead of focusing on automobile traffic, Jung said, SmartBlink adjusts (调整) crossing signal times based on the walking speed of the slowest pedestrian (行人). For example, if a crosswalk signal usually lasts 20 seconds, but SmartBlink predicts one pedestrian will take 34 seconds based on their first few steps, the system would automatically add 14 more seconds to the crossing signal. “To make sure that this pedestrian doesn’t feel rushed and knows that he/she is safe while crossing,” Jung said. SmartBlink can sense pedestrians using wheelchairs or other equipment, too. Jung adjusted his algorithm (算法) so that it can work in different lighting conditions and function at any time of day or night. His invention hasn’t been positioned at any crosswalks yet, but Jung said his next step is to pilot SmartBlink with local governments in various communities. 4. What inspired Jay Jung to invent SmartBlink? A. His interest in winning a science competition. B. His experience of being hit by a car in Seoul. C. His teacher’s advice on solving a traffic problem. D. His grandparents’ difficulty crossing the street. 5. How does SmartBlink differ from existing traffic light systems? A. It uses a fixed 34-second signal. B. It functions better during the daytime. C. It senses and controls automobile traffic. D. It adjusts signals for the slowest pedestrian. 6. Which of the following can best describe Jay Jung? A. Observant and caring. B. Confident and generous. C. Talkative and creative. D. Selfless and courageous. 7. What do we know about SmartBlink from the last paragraph? A. It has been fixed in various communities. B. It will be tested before wider application. C. It cannot be used in complex conditions. D. It has been approved by the government. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了少年 Jay Jung看到祖父母过马路赶不上信号灯，研发SmartBlink，可按最慢行人速度调整信号灯，下一步将开展试点。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Walking around Seoul with them as an elementary schooler, he noticed they often couldn’t keep up with the crossing signals, struggling to cross the street in time before cars came racing by. “Whenever I would go with them to the local convenience store or the local park, I would realize that we were not even halfway and then the light just suddenly turned red,” Jung said. “Once I noticed it, it was really hard not to notice it.”(小学时，他常和祖父母一起在首尔街头行走，注意到他们经常无法跟上红绿灯的节奏，总是赶不及时间过马路，而汽车正从眼前飞驰而过。“每次我陪他们去附近的便利店或公园，就会发现我们还没走完一半，红灯就突然亮了，”Jay Jung说，“一旦我意识到这一点，就很难不注意到。”)”和第二段“The ill-timed crosswalk lights bothered him, but Jung didn’t think he could do much about it until he found his passion for technology in middle school.(不合时宜的人行横道信号灯困扰着他，但郑一直认为自己对此无能为力，直到他在中学找到了对科技的热爱。)”可知，Jay Jung看到祖父母过马路困难，产生了发明SmartBlink的想法。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Instead of focusing on automobile traffic, Jung said, SmartBlink adjusts (调整) crossing signal times based on the walking speed of the slowest pedestrian (行人).(Jay Jung表示，SmartBlink系统并非关注车辆交通，而是根据最慢行人的步行速度来调整过街信号的时间。)”可知，该系统的核心特点是依据最慢行人的步行速度动态调整信号灯时长，这是它与传统固定时长信号灯的本质区别。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中““Whenever I would go with them to the local convenience store or the local park, I would realize that we were not even halfway and then the light just suddenly turned red,” Jung said. “Once I noticed it, it was really hard not to notice it.”(“每次我陪他们去附近的便利店或公园，就会发现我们还没走完一半，红灯就突然亮了，”Jay Jung说，“一旦我意识到这一点，就很难不注意到。”)”提到Jay Jung从小就能敏锐观察到祖父母过马路的困境，体现了他善于观察（observant）；以及第三段中“For example, if a crosswalk signal usually lasts 20 seconds, but SmartBlink predicts one pedestrian will take 34 seconds based on their first few steps, the system would automatically add 14 more seconds to the crossing signal. “To make sure that this pedestrian doesn’t feel rushed and knows that he/she is safe while crossing,” Jung said.( 例如，如果一个斑马线信号通常持续20秒，但SmartBlink通过分析前几步的步速预测某位行人需要34秒，系统便会自动将信号延长14秒。“为确保这名行人不会感到匆忙，并知道在过马路时是安全的，”Jung说。 )”提到长大后主动运用所学技术解决问题、保障弱势行人安全，体现了他有同理心、关心他人（caring）。由此可推知，Jay Jung是一个善于观察和关心他人的人。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“His invention hasn’t been positioned at any crosswalks yet, but Jung said his next step is to pilot SmartBlink with local governments in various communities.(他的发明目前尚未部署到任何人行横道上，但Jung表示下一步将与各地地方政府合作，对SmartBlink进行试点测试。)”可知，该发明尚未在任何人行横道投入使用，Jung的下一步计划是联合多地政府进行试点运行。由此可知，它在大范围推广前会先进行测试验证。 C Difficult experiences early in life, including criticism (批评), being overlooked, or severe reactions from caregivers, can influence emotional well-being and quality of life years later. How adults respond when a child makes a mistake may be especially important in shaping future patterns of thought and emotion. In some cases, those experiences can contribute to a fear of failure rooted in the belief that mistakes make a person less worthy in the eyes of others. But new research suggests those emotional patterns may be surprisingly flexible. Young adults who revisited painful memories through imagery-based therapy (疗法) showed lasting reductions in fear, sadness, and stress. The research, conducted at SWPS University and the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Poland, involved 180 young adults aged 18 to 35 who experienced fear of failure. Over a two-week period, participants took part in four therapy periods focused on difficult childhood memories involving criticism. One group used a technique called Imagery Rescripting. Participants brought an upsetting experience to mind and then imagined a “defender” entering the scene and offering support to the child. All of the imagery-based approaches produced a significant and lasting reduction in fear of failure. Participants also reported lower levels of negative emotions, including sadness and fear. Their bodies appeared to respond differently as well — physiological reactions to memories of criticism decreased, indicating that recalling upsetting experiences no longer set off the same level of intense stress. These improvements remained evident during follow-ups at three and six months later. The researchers also found that imagery-based approaches worked especially well when they produced a moment of surprise. They related this effect to “prediction error”, which occurs when there is a mismatch between what someone expects and what actually happens. That unexpected difference may help break established emotional patterns and make it easier for new, healthier responses to gain a foothold. 8. What does the new research suggest? A. Therapy eases fear and sadness.  B. Adults’ responses never change. C. Mistakes make a person worthless.  D. Early experiences shape the future. 9. What did the participants in the Imagery Rescripting group do? A. They took medicine to reduce stress.  B. They ignored their painful memories. C. They talked to their caregivers directly.  D. They imagined someone defending themselves. 10. What can we learn about the therapy from the follow-ups? A. It works only for young adults. B. Its failures are surprising but rewarding. C. It is less effective for severe cases. D. Its effect can last for at least half a year. 11. What do the underlined words “gain a foothold” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Become established.  B. Keep a record. C. Get out of control.  D. Lose strength. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一项新研究发现，通过意象重写疗法重新处理童年痛苦记忆，可持久减轻对失败的恐惧。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But new research suggests those emotional patterns may be surprisingly flexible. Young adults who revisited painful memories through imagery-based therapy (疗法) showed lasting reductions in fear, sadness, and stress.(但新研究表明，这些情绪模式可能出人意料地具有可塑性。通过基于意象的疗法重新审视痛苦记忆的年轻成年人，恐惧、悲伤和压力都得到了持久减轻。)”可知，新研究表明疗法减轻了恐惧和悲伤。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One group used a technique called Imagery Rescripting. Participants brought an upsetting experience to mind and then imagined a ‌“defender” entering the scene and offering support to the child.(一组使用了一种名为“意象重写”的技术。参与者回忆一段令人不安的经历，然后想象一位“保护者”进入场景，为那个孩子提供支持。)”可知，意象重写组的参与者想象有人在保护自己。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“These improvements remained evident during follow-ups at three and six months later.(这些改善在三个月和六个月后的随访中仍然明显。)”可知，该疗法的效果至少可以持续半年。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“That unexpected difference may help break established emotional patterns and make it easier for new, healthier responses to gain a foothold.(这种意外的差异可能有助于打破既定的情绪模式，使新的、更健康的反应更容易gain a foothold。)”可知，画线短语“gain a foothold”与前文“break established emotional patterns(打破既定情绪模式)”相呼应，意为新的反应模式“扎根、确立下来”，与“Become established(确立)”最接近。 D Smartwatches can significantly overrate how many calories (卡路里) people burn during exercise, and their calorie rates become less exact as body fat increases, according to a new Florida International University study. FIU researchers tested four popular fitness trackers against medical-grade laboratory equipment that measured participants’ true energy use. Researchers found typical errors in smartwatch calorie rates of about 15% to 25%, with averages for the worst-performing watches climbing much higher. That means if a smartwatch says someone burned 500 calories during a workout, the real number could easily be closer to 350. This could be especially important for people who use fitness trackers and calorie-burn rates for weight management. “You can’t trust the number of calories burned that it gives you, because it’s not correct,” said Jason Kostrna, the study’s lead author. For the study, researchers had 58 adults ride a recumbent (仰卧位) bike through a controlled workout switching between normal and high intensity. Each participant wore one of the smartwatches while a COSMED K5 metabolic analyzer, the kind of gold-standard equipment used in medical labs, measured their true energy use. During testing, it produced repeated errors — in some periods reporting unbelievably small numbers, such as a single calorie for an entire workout, and in others failing to generate a reading at all. Kostrna says the team doesn’t have a definitive answer for why these trackers struggle with higher body fat percentages. He believes the algorithms used to rate calorie burn may play a role. “When the companies are developing those algorithms, we don’t know where the test data is coming from,” he said. Researchers say smartwatches can still be useful, as long as users understand their limitations. They recommend treating calorie-burn numbers as a top limit rather than a measurement you can fully trust and rounding down to be on the safe side. This doesn’t require experts’ guidance — users can make these adjustments on their own. 12. Why does the author mention the numbers in paragraph 2? A. To show how smartwatches collect calorie burn. B. To compare different brands of fitness trackers. C. To present the typical size of smartwatch errors. D. To suggest an ideal daily calorie intake for exercisers. 13. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about these trackers? A. Their far-reaching impact.  B. The potential cause of their problem. C. Their lack of application.  D. The working principle of their design. 14. What do researchers suggest people do with smart trackers? A. Apply them flexibly.  B. Throw them away completely. C. Keep using them consistently.  D. Use them under experts’ guidance. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Master Complex Fitness Rate  B. Stick to Strict Daily Workout Plans C. Stop Pursuing Fitness-Tracker Numbers  D. Change Your Sport Choices Constantly 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】一项新研究表明智能手表会高估运动消耗的卡路里，体脂越高误差越大，研究者说明误差可能的原因并给出合理使用建议。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Researchers found typical errors in smartwatch calorie rates of about 15% to 25%, with averages for the worst-performing watches climbing much higher. That means if a smartwatch says someone burned 500 calories during a workout, the real number could easily be closer to 350.(研究人员发现智能手表卡路里数值的典型误差大约在百分之十五到百分之二十五之间，表现最差的手表的平均误差会高很多。这意味着如果一块智能手表显示某人在一次锻炼中消耗了500卡路里，真实数值很可能接近350)”可知，作者列举这些数字是为了展示智能手表误差的典型幅度。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Kostrna says the team doesn’t have a definitive answer for why these trackers struggle with higher body fat percentages. He believes the algorithms used to rate calorie burn may play a role.(Kostrna说，该团队还没有确切答案解释为什么这些追踪器在体脂百分比更高时表现不好。他认为用于估算卡路里消耗的算法可能是一个因素)”可知，第五段主要告诉我们这类追踪器出现该问题的潜在原因。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Researchers say smartwatches can still be useful, as long as users understand their limitations. They recommend treating calorie-burn numbers as a top limit rather than a measurement you can fully trust and rounding down to be on the safe side.(研究人员说智能手表仍然有用，只要使用者明白它的局限性。他们建议把卡路里消耗数值当作上限，而不是一个可以完全信任的测量结果，为稳妥起见向下取整)”可知，研究人员建议人们灵活地使用这类智能追踪设备。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Smartwatches can significantly overrate how many calories (卡路里) people burn during exercise, and their calorie rates become less exact as body fat increases, according to a new Florida International University study.(根据佛罗里达国际大学的一项新研究，智能手表会大幅高估人们在运动期间消耗的卡路里数量，并且随着体脂升高，它们的卡路里数值会变得更不准确。)”可知，全文围绕研究结论展开，指出智能手表的卡路里测算误差很大，提醒用户不要完全迷信、盲目追求设备显示的数值。C选项“Stop Pursuing Fitness-Tracker Numbers(不要执着于健身追踪器上的数字)”贴合文章核心，是最佳标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Like many, I was lucky to have been introduced to sport at an early age, and I remain thankful for the lessons learned and the many ways these experiences prepared me for life. Commitment can be the driving force that powers my continuous efforts. In high school my parents were no longer able to drive me to rugby (橄榄球) games on weekends due to the challenges of running a small farm. Rather than quitting and letting down my teammates, I began riding my push-bike the six miles into town to be able to continue to play. ____16____ Team sports also taught me the importance of attitude. It may sound unrealistic because attitude is something that can’t be touched. However, it does matter. ____17____ I also had others that quickly became discouraged when on the losing end of a score. I saw how teammates with positive attitudes energized and inspired those around them. While positivity didn’t ensure victory, it certainly made the games more enjoyable to play. Life is not an individual sport — trust is a must, ____18____ And in many sports a lack of trust in a teammate’s ability to play his / her position results in others not being able to fully commit to theirs — while in others trust is a matter of life and death. Rock climbing is where I came to truly appreciate the significance of complete trust — both in the process and in my climbing partner’s knowledge and experience. ____19____ When I participated in any sport I did so with the support of others — such as my parents, coaches, and teammates — and it was through their support that I initially learned the importance of being accountable. However, it was only through the process of learning how to swim, and through training for my first triathlon (铁人三项), that I truly understood the importance of being accountable to myself. ____20____ A. I had some teammates that were always upbeat. B. The sense of responsibility guides me through failures. C. Be accountable for the life you want — we get what we give. D. What mattered most was not the result but the effort we made. E. By the end of the season I had achieved a fitness level that I still take pride in. F. In many sports trust is critical to success — whether trust in a teammate or in a coach. G. There are many times when we need to invest all our effort despite nobody watching. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. F 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明了作者结合自身运动经历，讲述体育教会他坚持、积极心态、信任以及自我担当，这些宝贵的品质也为他的人生带来深远启发。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Commitment can be the driving force that powers my continuous efforts. In high school my parents were no longer able to drive me to rugby (橄榄球) games on weekends due to the challenges of running a small farm. Rather than quitting and letting down my teammates, I began riding my push-bike the six miles into town to be able to continue to play.(坚持可以成为推动我不断努力的动力。高中时，父母要打理小农场，没法再在周末开车送我去橄榄球比赛。我没有放弃、让队友失望，而是开始骑六英里自行车进城，继续参加比赛)”可知，空处所在段落核心讲为了继续打橄榄球付出的坚持与努力，E项“到赛季结束时，我达到了至今仍引以为傲的健康水平”承接前文骑车赶去比赛的付出，符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据后文“I also had others that quickly became discouraged when on the losing end of a score. I saw how teammates with positive attitudes energized and inspired those around them. While positivity didn’t ensure victory, it certainly made the games more enjoyable to play.(我也见过有些队友在比分落后时很快就灰心丧气。我看到，拥有积极心态的队友可以鼓舞身边的人。积极的心态虽不能保证取胜，但确实能让比赛过程更加愉快)”可知，后文提到“我也有一些队友在比分落后时很快就泄气了”，A项“我有一些队友总是乐观积极”和后文形成对应转折，契合本段关于态度的主题。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Life is not an individual sport — trust is a must(人生不是单人项目 —— 信任必不可少)”以及后文“And in many sports a lack of trust in a teammate’s ability to play his / her position results in others not being able to fully commit to theirs — while in others trust is a matter of life and death. Rock climbing is where I came to truly appreciate the significance of complete trust — both in the process and in my climbing partner’s knowledge and experience.(在很多运动中，如果不信任队友的位置能力，其他人就无法全力做好自己的任务；而在另一些运动里，信任关乎生死。攀岩这项运动，让我真正体会到全然信任的重要性 —— 既要信任流程本身，也要信任搭档的专业知识与经验)”可知，本段核心围绕运动中的信任展开，F项“在很多运动中，信任对成功至关重要——无论是信任队友还是教练”承接前文“生活不是个人运动，信任是必需品”，引出后文对信任重要性的进一步论述。 【19题详解】 根据后文“When I participated in any sport I did so with the support of others — such as my parents, coaches, and teammates — and it was through their support that I initially learned the importance of being accountable. However, it was only through the process of learning how to swim, and through training for my first triathlon (铁人三项), that I truly understood the importance of being accountable to myself.(我参加任何运动时，都离不开父母、教练、队友等人的支持。最初，正是在他们的支持下，我懂得了承担责任的意义。但直到学习游泳、为第一场铁人三项备战时，我才真正明白对自己负责有多重要)”可知，空处位于段首，是本段主题句，本段核心讲责任感、为自己负责的重要性，C项“要为你想要的人生负责——付出才有收获”总领全段内容。 【20题详解】 根据上文“However, it was only through the process of learning how to swim, and through training for my first triathlon (铁人三项), that I truly understood the importance of being accountable to myself.(但直到学习游泳、为第一场铁人三项备战时，我才真正明白对自己负责有多重要)”可知，前文点明作者真正理解了对自己负责的意义，G项“很多时候我们需要在无人关注的情况下全力以赴”是对“对自己负责”内涵的进一步阐释，贴合语境。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Barry Marshall, an Australian doctor, made a shocking ____21____ in the early 1980s: stomach ulcers (溃疡) were caused by bacteria, not stress. The medical community found this hard to ____22____ because they believed bacteria could not survive in the acidic (酸性的) environment of the stomach. Marshall had vital ____23____ from his own research. He had observed the bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, in the stomachs of almost all his ulcer patients. He was ____24____ that his idea was correct. But without ____25____ sufficient evidence that satisfied other scientists, his views were largely ____26____. So Marshall made a(n) ____27____ decision. In 1984, he drank a cup of water containing the bacteria. Within days, he became sick and ____28____ with gastritis (胃炎). Therefore, in a risky way, he ____29____ that the bacteria could infect a healthy person and cause disease. Over the following years, other researchers ____30____ his findings. The treatment for ulcers changed completely. Instead of surgery, patients now take a simple ____31____ of antibiotics (抗生素). In 2005, Marshall received the Nobel Prize for his work. His story shows that scientific progress often requires ____32____ the accepted wisdom. It also proves that unexpected results should not be ____33____ simply because they do not match expectations. His work ____34____ doctors to be more careful and critical thinkers. Today, treatment for stomach ulcers involves a simple procedure, all ____35____ to the man. 21. A. innovation  B. claim  C. prediction  D. decision 22. A. hide  B. avoid  C. accept  D. handle 23. A. choice  B. memory  C. evidence  D. expectation 24. A. convinced  B. confused  C. worried  D. curious 25. A. steadily  B. absolutely  C. vividly  D. recently 26. A. disregarded  B. proved  C. supported  D. reflected 27. A. honest  B. daring  C. graceful  D. desirable 28. A. broke up  B. got away  C. put up  D. came down 29. A. demonstrated  B. doubted  C. forecasted  D. evaluated 30. A. repeated  B. confirmed  C. rejected  D. issued 31. A. experiment  B. exploration  C. course  D. structure 32. A. adopting  B. revising  C. challenging  D. distancing 33. A. ignored  B. valued  C. exposed  D. promoted 34. A. commanded  B. permitted  C. required  D. inspired 35. A. according  B. referring  C. response  D. thanks 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述澳大利亚医生巴里·马歇尔提出胃溃疡由细菌引发，以身试菌验证猜想，最终获诺贝尔奖的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：澳大利亚医生巴里·马歇尔在20世纪80年代初提出一项令人震惊的断言：胃溃疡由细菌引起，而非压力。A. innovation创新；B. claim断言，主张；C. prediction预测；D. decision决定。根据下文“stomach ulcers (溃疡) were caused by bacteria, not stress.”可知，这是他提出的主张。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：医学界发现这一点很难接受，因为他们相信细菌无法在胃部的酸性环境中存活。A. hide隐藏；B. avoid避免；C. accept接受；D. handle处理。根据后文“because they believed bacteria could not survive in the acidic (酸性的) environment of the stomach.”可知，医学界因为固有的认知难以接受该观点。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：马歇尔从自己的研究中得到了重要证据。A. choice选择；B. memory记忆；C. evidence证据；D. expectation期待。根据后文“He had observed the bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, in the stomachs of almost all his ulcer patients.”可知，这属于研究证据。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他确信自己的观点是正确的。A. convinced确信的；B. confused困惑的；C. worried担忧的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“He had observed the bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, in the stomachs of almost all his ulcer patients.”可知，依据他观察到细菌的事实，他坚信自己的想法。 【25题详解】 考查副词。句意：但是没有绝对充足的证据来使其他科学家信服，他的观点在很大程度上遭到忽视。A. steadily稳定地；B. absolutely绝对地；C. vividly生动地；D. recently最近。根据第三段“In 1984, he drank a cup of water containing the bacteria. Within days, he became sick and ____ with gastritis (胃炎).”他用自己做实验推测，没有绝对充足的证据，其他科学家就不会认同他的观点。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：但是没有绝对充足的证据来使其他科学家信服，他的观点在很大程度上遭到忽视。A. disregarded忽视，不理会；B. proved证明；C. supported支持；D. reflected反映。根据上文“But without ____ sufficient evidence that satisfied other scientists”可知，证据不足，所以他的主张不被重视。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：于是马歇尔做出一个大胆的决定。A. honest诚实的；B. daring大胆的；C. graceful优雅的；D. desirable合意的。根据后文“In 1984, he drank a cup of water containing the bacteria.”可知，他自己喝下含有病菌的水，这是十分大胆冒险的举动。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：几天之内，他生病了，患上胃炎。A. broke up分手，破碎；B. got away逃脱；C. put up张贴，搭建；D. came down (with)染病。根据上文“he became sick ”可知，他生病了，患上胃炎。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，他以一种冒险的方式证明这种细菌可以感染健康人并引发疾病。A. demonstrated证明，证实；B. doubted怀疑；C. forecasted预测；D. evaluated评估。根据上文“In 1984, he drank a cup of water containing the bacteria. Within days, he became sick and ____ with gastritis (胃炎).”可知，亲身患病这件事证实了他的猜想。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：在接下来数年里，其他研究人员证实了他的发现。A. repeated重复；B. confirmed证实；C. rejected拒绝；D. issued发布。根据下文“The treatment for ulcers changed completely.”可知，其他人验证支持他的结论，完全改变了胃溃疡的治疗方法。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：不再需要手术，病人现在只需服用一个简单疗程的抗生素。A. experiment实验；B. exploration探索；C. course疗程；D. structure结构。根据上文“Instead of surgery”可知，此处指只需要服用一个疗程的抗生素，a course of antibiotics是固定表达，意为“抗生素疗程”。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：他的故事表明科学进步常常需要挑战公认的看法。A. adopting采纳；B. revising修改；C. challenging挑战；D. distancing拉开距离。根据第一段“Barry Marshall, an Australian doctor, made a shocking ____ in the early 1980s: stomach ulcers (溃疡) were caused by bacteria, not stress.”可知，他推翻医学界旧观念，也就是挑战固有认知。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：这也证明意料之外的结果不应仅仅因为不符合预期就被忽视。A. ignored忽视；B. valued重视；C. exposed暴露；D. promoted促进。呼应第一段“The medical community found this hard to ____ because they believed bacteria could not survive in the acidic (酸性的) environment of the stomach.”和第二段“his views were largely ______”，此处指早期他的观点被忽视。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：他的工作激励医生成为更加细心、具有批判性思维的思考者。A. commanded命令；B. permitted允许；C. required要求；D. inspired激励。根据下文“to be more careful and critical thinkers”推测，他的事迹对医生起到激励作用。 【35题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：如今胃溃疡的治疗方式只需简单的流程，这一切都归功于这个人。A. according (to)根据；B. referring (to)提及；C. response (to)对……作出回应；D. thanks (to)归功于。根据第一段“Barry Marshall, an Australian doctor, made a shocking ____ in the early 1980s: stomach ulcers (溃疡) were caused by bacteria, not stress.”和第三段“Instead of surgery, patients now take a simple ____ of antibiotics (抗生素).”可知，现在胃溃疡简单的治疗方式都归功于巴里·马歇尔。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For generations, the Zhu family has been devoted to the art of copper craftsmanship (铜艺). Zhu Bingren, a national inheritor of intangible cultural heritage (非遗传承人), spent decades ____36____ (perfect) traditional techniques. However, he refused ____37____ (settle) for a simple copy of ancient forms. In a moment of creative breakthrough, he pioneered a reformative “molten copper” technique, allowing the metal to flow freely without a preset model. This method produces ____38____ (attract) organic shapes that capture (呈现) the raw energy of fire itself. His son, Zhu Junmin, ____39____ (grow) up surrounded by copper and tools. Rather than simply following his father’s path, he chose to explore new ____40____(opportunity) by combining traditional skills with modern design concepts. The workshop became a laboratory ____41____tradition and innovation could coexist. Today, their works are displayed in museums and public spaces worldwide. Each piece tells a story not only of artistic excellence ____42____of the deep connection between father and son. Their cooperation proves that heritage is not about maintaining the past in a ____43____ (fix) form but about allowing it to breathe and grow. For the Zhu family, copper is more than ____44____material; it is a living language through which they communicate with history and the future. Their journey reminds us that true craftsmanship lies not ____45____repeating techniques, but in the courage to develop new approaches while honoring one’s roots. 【答案】36. perfecting 37. to settle 38. attractive 39. grew 40. opportunities 41. where 42. but 43. fixed 44. a 45. in 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了朱氏家族传承铜艺的故事，非遗传承人朱炳仁耗费数十年打磨传统铜艺技法，还创新出“熔铜”工艺，其子朱军敏在耳濡目染中成长，将传统技艺与现代设计结合，让工坊成为传统与创新共存的阵地，父子二人的合作证明非遗传承不是固守旧形式，而是要在扎根传统的基础上创新发展。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：国家级非物质文化遗产传承人朱炳仁耗费数十年时间完善传统技艺。此处符合固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”，设空处需要用动名词形式。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，他不满足于简单复刻古代的形式。此处符合固定搭配refuse to do sth.，表示“拒绝做某事”，设空处需要用动词不定式形式。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种方法能产出极具吸引力的自然形态，呈现出火焰本身原始的力量。设空处修饰后面的名词shapes，需要用形容词作定语。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他的儿子朱军敏在铜料和工具的环绕中长大。此处描述的是过去发生的成长经历，谓语动词要用一般过去时。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他没有单纯沿袭父亲的道路，而是选择将传统技艺和现代设计理念相结合，探索新的机遇。opportunity是可数名词，此处表示多种新机遇，需要用复数形式作宾语。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个工坊成了一个实验室，在这里传统和创新可以共存。先行词是laboratory，这是表示地点的抽象先行词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，要用关系副词where引导。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：每一件作品讲述的不仅是艺术造诣的故事，更是父子二人之间深厚联结的故事。固定搭配not only...but (also)...，表示“不仅……而且……”。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们的合作证明，传承不是要以固定的形式守住过去，而是要让传统能够呼吸、成长。设空处修饰后面的名词form，需要用形容词作定语。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对朱氏家族来说，铜不仅仅是一种材料，它是一种鲜活的语言，他们通过它与历史和未来对话。此处表示泛指“一种材料”，material是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，要搭配不定冠词a。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们的经历提醒我们，真正的工艺不在于重复技法，而在于在尊重自身根基的同时敢于探索新方法的勇气。固定搭配lie in，表示“在于”，和后文的but in形成对应结构。 65.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校计划下周五开展以“太极（Tai Chi）”为主题的活动，请你给你的交换生好友Stevenson写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 活动意义。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；  2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Stevenson, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Stevenson, Learning that you’re interested in Chinese culture and care about health, I’m writing to invite you to our school’s Tai-Chi-themed event next Friday. It will include a Tai Chi performance, a workshop on basic movements, and an introduction to its history and cultural significance. The event is a great chance to experience traditional Chinese culture, improve flexibility, and reduce stress as well. I’m sure you’ll enjoy it and learn something new. Hope you can join us and give it a shot! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的名义给好友Stevenson写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校下周五开展的以“太极”为主题的活动，给他介绍活动的内容和意义。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in → be fascinated by 包含：include → consist of 传统的：traditional → conventional 提高：improve → enhance 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Learning that you’re interested in Chinese culture and care about health, I’m writing to invite you to our school’s Tai-Chi-themed event next Friday. It will include a Tai Chi performance, a workshop on basic movements, and an introduction to its history and cultural significance.    拓展句：Learning that you’re interested in Chinese culture and care about health, I’m writing to invite you to our school’s Tai-Chi-themed event next Friday, which will include a Tai Chi performance, a workshop on basic movements, and an introduction to its history and cultural significance.    【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you’re interested in Chinese culture and care about health, I’m writing to invite you to our school’s Tai-Chi-themed event next Friday.（运用了现在分词作状语，以及that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m sure you’ll enjoy it and learn something new. （运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句） 66. 第二节（满分25分） 47.  阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The first thing I unpacked in my new Melbourne apartment was a small pot. It was old, its handle slightly bent, the inside darkened by years of use. It had traveled with me from Colombo, covered with three layers (层) of clothing, because I didn’t trust the moving company. I remember my mother handing it to me at the airport, saying, “This pot has fed you since you were born. Now it will feed you in Australia.” I had been in Australia for six months. In Colombo, I had been someone — a lecturer, a daughter with a familiar routine. I knew exactly which market stand sold the freshest vegetables, and my mother and I cooked together every Sunday. Here, I was “the international student”. My days were filled with academic papers and supermarkets where I couldn’t find the ingredients I needed. I felt like I was disappearing. Two classmates from Colombo had also just arrived in Melbourne. They looked lost just as I did. We had met once for coffee, but none of us knew how to cook the food we missed. One evening, I stood in my tiny kitchen and looked at the pot. Back home, my mother used it every single day. She would make parippu — a simple lentil curry (扁豆咖喱) with coconut milk (椰奶) and eggs, and the smell filled the house before my father came home from work. I could almost smell it now. I hadn’t cooked anything properly since arriving. Takeaway containers gathered on the counter. Cooking for one person felt pointless. Why bother making a full meal just for myself? The pot sat on the shelf, cold and silent. One morning, I decided to cook parippu properly. But how could I prepare the ingredients and cook? 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I decided to turn to my mother for help.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After my first successful parippu, I decided to cook it for two homesick friends.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I decided to turn to my mother for help. When I called her and explained my situation, she was surprised at first. Then she sent me a detailed shopping list. After I bought everything from the local supermarket, she instructed me step by step. She especially told me to add the coconut milk at the end and taste before adding salt. That evening, I followed her steps carefully. When the curry turned golden, I tasted it. It was right. I had finally made parippu in Melbourne. After my first successful parippu, I decided to cook it for two homesick friends. I invited them over, and they gladly accepted. I made the same dish again, and we sat on the floor around the small pot. When one friend took the first bite, her eyes filled with tears. “It tastes like home,” she said. We ate slowly, talking about Colombo. Our homesickness suddenly lessened as we tasted the parippu I cooked. The pot had crossed the ocean for this. 【解析】 【导语】本文以一口旧锅为线索展开，讲述了“我”从科伦坡到墨尔本留学，把母亲给的旧锅带到异乡。六个月里“我”难以适应新生活，想念家乡食物，却因独自一人懒得下厨。一天早晨“我”决定认真做一次扁豆咖喱，向母亲求助。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段可描写“我”打电话向母亲求助，母亲发来购物清单并一步步指导烹饪，“我”终于成功做出扁豆咖喱。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写“我”邀请两位同样思乡的朋友来家共享这道菜，朋友感慨“尝起来像家”，三人边吃边聊科伦坡，思乡之情减轻，旧锅漂洋过海正是为此。 2. 续写线索：打电话求助——收到购物清单——按步骤烹饪——成功做出咖喱——邀请朋友——朋友尝出家乡味——思乡减轻 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①指导：instruct/guide/direct ②购买：buy/purchase 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/astonished ②高兴地：gladly/delightedly/merrily 【点睛】[高分句型1] When the curry turned golden, I tasted it. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Our homesickness suddenly lessened as we tasted the parippu I cooked. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和省略关系代词that的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二年级过程性作业评价 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1.What does the man think of the film? A.It is a bit loud. B.It is plotless. C.It is a little pricey. 2.Why does the man refuse the delivery robot’s call? A.He is having a meeting. B.He is busy on the phone. C.He is going back home. 3.Why did the man read at home recently? A.To prepare for a test. B.To get relaxed. C.To do a survey. 4.What is the woman’s main concern about the yoga class? A.The high cost. B.The impersonal touch. C.The inflexible schedule. 5.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A.Dining hall labels. B.Beef burgers. C.Supermarket food. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6.What did the man sell last month? A.Handmade cards. B.Lemon tea. C.Second-hand books. 7.What does the man think matters in his business success? A.His sales experience. B.His products. C.The location. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Coworkers. B.Doctor and patient. C.Neighbors. 9.What does the man decide to do in the end? A.Take sick leave. B.Drink some coffee. C.Use the sleeping chair. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10.What is the problem with the woman’s bike? A.It’s difficult to ride forward. B.It has a broken back wheel. C.It makes a loud strange noise. 11.What does the man advise the woman to do first? A.Hire a bike. B.Buy a new bike. C.Have the bike repaired. 12.How will the woman go to school if the repair takes long? A.By shared bike. B.By bus. C.On foot. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13.What is wrong with the man? A.He has a sleep problem. B.He failed the midterm exam. C.He has a fear for stress in life. 14.What method does the woman use to reduce exam stress? A.Listening to music before sleep. B.Writing down her worries on paper. C.Doing 10-minute workouts every morning. 15.How does the man usually deal with anxiety? A.By playing games. B.By sharing with friends. C.By watching videos. 16.What will the man try this weekend? A.Daily journaling. B.A new study schedule. C.Running in the park. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17.Where is the speaker most probably from? A.Italy. B.Mexico. C.Ghana. 18.What did the speaker study in school? A.Agriculture. B.Management. C.Cooking. 19.What is the speaker’s main goal? A.To open a restaurant. B.To promote local food. C.To write a cookbook. 20.What does the speaker suggest young people do? A.Eat healthy food. B.Keep native food traditions alive. C.Travel to learn about foreign food. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP & STORIES THAT TRANSFORM (转变) US Here are two philosophy programs for young people and schools. YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP Doing philosophy requires training. Like many other things, it is about practicing a little every day. We need to become familiar with philosophical tools, practice proper argumentation, and learn to question what seems obvious. In this way, we can create new tools and ideas. For: primary and secondary school students & their teachers Fee: $100 per participant Our workshops share 3 goals: • sharpen critical thinking • inspire the imagination of different answers • practice the skills of dialogue and listening Main topics: • education in the relationship with the environment and living beings • education in dialogue, constructive communication and listening • philosophy as a means of personal and collective transformation Design phase: June — December 2027 STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US This program focuses on personal and collective transformation through knowledge. It combines philosophy and literature. It was developed according to the Service-Learning approach, and also uses the Philosophy for Children (P4C) methodology. Aims: 1)Train students early in: • critical and creative thinking • reading, understanding and enjoyment of literary texts 2)Train university students to translate specialist knowledge into learning and social transformation projects for the community. Who: university students; university professors Fee: 200 per university student; 150 per university professor Stories & myths (神话): King Midas, Atalanta and Hippomenes Method: Matthew Lipman’s Philosophy for Children Design phase: July — December 2027 Discount: Register before May 31, 2027, and receive 20% off the regular fee. Quick Facts Program Main focus Key methods / tools Fee YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP Critical thinking, dialogue, listening Philosophical tools, argumentation $100 STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US Transformation through knowledge Philosophy, literature, Service-Learning, P4C 200 students/ 150 (professors) 1. What is one goal of the YOUNG THINKERS WORKSHOP? A. To study Greek myths.  B. To develop critical thinking. C. To improve translation skills.  D. To train university professors. 2. What is the discounted fee for a student attending STORIES THAT TRANSFORM US? A. 120. B. 150.  C. 160. D. 200. 3. What do the two programs have in common? A. They both last six months.  B. They both use literary texts. C. They both involve philosophical thinking.  D. They both focus on environmental education. B Jay Jung, 18, grew up with his grandparents in South Korea. Walking around Seoul with them as an elementary schooler, he noticed they often couldn’t keep up with the crossing signals, struggling to cross the street in time before cars came racing by. “Whenever I would go with them to the local convenience store or the local park, I would realize that we were not even halfway and then the light just suddenly turned red,” Jung said. “Once I noticed it, it was really hard not to notice it.” The ill-timed crosswalk lights bothered him, but Jung didn’t think he could do much about it until he found his passion for technology in middle school. Now a high schooler at Phillips Academy, a boarding school in Massachusetts, Jung has actualized his vision to keep his grandparents safe on crosswalks. Instead of focusing on automobile traffic, Jung said, SmartBlink adjusts (调整) crossing signal times based on the walking speed of the slowest pedestrian (行人). For example, if a crosswalk signal usually lasts 20 seconds, but SmartBlink predicts one pedestrian will take 34 seconds based on their first few steps, the system would automatically add 14 more seconds to the crossing signal. “To make sure that this pedestrian doesn’t feel rushed and knows that he/she is safe while crossing,” Jung said. SmartBlink can sense pedestrians using wheelchairs or other equipment, too. Jung adjusted his algorithm (算法) so that it can work in different lighting conditions and function at any time of day or night. His invention hasn’t been positioned at any crosswalks yet, but Jung said his next step is to pilot SmartBlink with local governments in various communities. 4. What inspired Jay Jung to invent SmartBlink? A. His interest in winning a science competition. B. His experience of being hit by a car in Seoul. C. His teacher’s advice on solving a traffic problem. D. His grandparents’ difficulty crossing the street. 5. How does SmartBlink differ from existing traffic light systems? A. It uses a fixed 34-second signal. B. It functions better during the daytime. C. It senses and controls automobile traffic. D. It adjusts signals for the slowest pedestrian. 6. Which of the following can best describe Jay Jung? A. Observant and caring. B. Confident and generous. C. Talkative and creative. D. Selfless and courageous. 7. What do we know about SmartBlink from the last paragraph? A. It has been fixed in various communities. B. It will be tested before wider application. C. It cannot be used in complex conditions. D. It has been approved by the government. C Difficult experiences early in life, including criticism (批评), being overlooked, or severe reactions from caregivers, can influence emotional well-being and quality of life years later. How adults respond when a child makes a mistake may be especially important in shaping future patterns of thought and emotion. In some cases, those experiences can contribute to a fear of failure rooted in the belief that mistakes make a person less worthy in the eyes of others. But new research suggests those emotional patterns may be surprisingly flexible. Young adults who revisited painful memories through imagery-based therapy (疗法) showed lasting reductions in fear, sadness, and stress. The research, conducted at SWPS University and the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Poland, involved 180 young adults aged 18 to 35 who experienced fear of failure. Over a two-week period, participants took part in four therapy periods focused on difficult childhood memories involving criticism. One group used a technique called Imagery Rescripting. Participants brought an upsetting experience to mind and then imagined a “defender” entering the scene and offering support to the child. All of the imagery-based approaches produced a significant and lasting reduction in fear of failure. Participants also reported lower levels of negative emotions, including sadness and fear. Their bodies appeared to respond differently as well — physiological reactions to memories of criticism decreased, indicating that recalling upsetting experiences no longer set off the same level of intense stress. These improvements remained evident during follow-ups at three and six months later. The researchers also found that imagery-based approaches worked especially well when they produced a moment of surprise. They related this effect to “prediction error”, which occurs when there is a mismatch between what someone expects and what actually happens. That unexpected difference may help break established emotional patterns and make it easier for new, healthier responses to gain a foothold. 8. What does the new research suggest? A. Therapy eases fear and sadness.  B. Adults’ responses never change. C. Mistakes make a person worthless.  D. Early experiences shape the future. 9. What did the participants in the Imagery Rescripting group do? A. They took medicine to reduce stress.  B. They ignored their painful memories. C. They talked to their caregivers directly.  D. They imagined someone defending themselves. 10. What can we learn about the therapy from the follow-ups? A. It works only for young adults. B. Its failures are surprising but rewarding. C. It is less effective for severe cases. D. Its effect can last for at least half a year. 11. What do the underlined words “gain a foothold” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Become established.  B. Keep a record. C. Get out of control.  D. Lose strength. D Smartwatches can significantly overrate how many calories (卡路里) people burn during exercise, and their calorie rates become less exact as body fat increases, according to a new Florida International University study. FIU researchers tested four popular fitness trackers against medical-grade laboratory equipment that measured participants’ true energy use. Researchers found typical errors in smartwatch calorie rates of about 15% to 25%, with averages for the worst-performing watches climbing much higher. That means if a smartwatch says someone burned 500 calories during a workout, the real number could easily be closer to 350. This could be especially important for people who use fitness trackers and calorie-burn rates for weight management. “You can’t trust the number of calories burned that it gives you, because it’s not correct,” said Jason Kostrna, the study’s lead author. For the study, researchers had 58 adults ride a recumbent (仰卧位) bike through a controlled workout switching between normal and high intensity. Each participant wore one of the smartwatches while a COSMED K5 metabolic analyzer, the kind of gold-standard equipment used in medical labs, measured their true energy use. During testing, it produced repeated errors — in some periods reporting unbelievably small numbers, such as a single calorie for an entire workout, and in others failing to generate a reading at all. Kostrna says the team doesn’t have a definitive answer for why these trackers struggle with higher body fat percentages. He believes the algorithms used to rate calorie burn may play a role. “When the companies are developing those algorithms, we don’t know where the test data is coming from,” he said. Researchers say smartwatches can still be useful, as long as users understand their limitations. They recommend treating calorie-burn numbers as a top limit rather than a measurement you can fully trust and rounding down to be on the safe side. This doesn’t require experts’ guidance — users can make these adjustments on their own. 12. Why does the author mention the numbers in paragraph 2? A. To show how smartwatches collect calorie burn. B. To compare different brands of fitness trackers. C. To present the typical size of smartwatch errors. D. To suggest an ideal daily calorie intake for exercisers. 13. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about these trackers? A. Their far-reaching impact.  B. The potential cause of their problem. C. Their lack of application.  D. The working principle of their design. 14. What do researchers suggest people do with smart trackers? A. Apply them flexibly.  B. Throw them away completely. C. Keep using them consistently.  D. Use them under experts’ guidance. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Master Complex Fitness Rate  B. Stick to Strict Daily Workout Plans C. Stop Pursuing Fitness-Tracker Numbers  D. Change Your Sport Choices Constantly 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Like many, I was lucky to have been introduced to sport at an early age, and I remain thankful for the lessons learned and the many ways these experiences prepared me for life. Commitment can be the driving force that powers my continuous efforts. In high school my parents were no longer able to drive me to rugby (橄榄球) games on weekends due to the challenges of running a small farm. Rather than quitting and letting down my teammates, I began riding my push-bike the six miles into town to be able to continue to play. ____16____ Team sports also taught me the importance of attitude. It may sound unrealistic because attitude is something that can’t be touched. However, it does matter. ____17____ I also had others that quickly became discouraged when on the losing end of a score. I saw how teammates with positive attitudes energized and inspired those around them. While positivity didn’t ensure victory, it certainly made the games more enjoyable to play. Life is not an individual sport — trust is a must, ____18____ And in many sports a lack of trust in a teammate’s ability to play his / her position results in others not being able to fully commit to theirs — while in others trust is a matter of life and death. Rock climbing is where I came to truly appreciate the significance of complete trust — both in the process and in my climbing partner’s knowledge and experience. ____19____ When I participated in any sport I did so with the support of others — such as my parents, coaches, and teammates — and it was through their support that I initially learned the importance of being accountable. However, it was only through the process of learning how to swim, and through training for my first triathlon (铁人三项), that I truly understood the importance of being accountable to myself. ____20____ A. I had some teammates that were always upbeat. B. The sense of responsibility guides me through failures. C. Be accountable for the life you want — we get what we give. D. What mattered most was not the result but the effort we made. E. By the end of the season I had achieved a fitness level that I still take pride in. F. In many sports trust is critical to success — whether trust in a teammate or in a coach. G. There are many times when we need to invest all our effort despite nobody watching. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Barry Marshall, an Australian doctor, made a shocking ____21____ in the early 1980s: stomach ulcers (溃疡) were caused by bacteria, not stress. The medical community found this hard to ____22____ because they believed bacteria could not survive in the acidic (酸性的) environment of the stomach. Marshall had vital ____23____ from his own research. He had observed the bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, in the stomachs of almost all his ulcer patients. He was ____24____ that his idea was correct. But without ____25____ sufficient evidence that satisfied other scientists, his views were largely ____26____. So Marshall made a(n) ____27____ decision. In 1984, he drank a cup of water containing the bacteria. Within days, he became sick and ____28____ with gastritis (胃炎). Therefore, in a risky way, he ____29____ that the bacteria could infect a healthy person and cause disease. Over the following years, other researchers ____30____ his findings. The treatment for ulcers changed completely. Instead of surgery, patients now take a simple ____31____ of antibiotics (抗生素). In 2005, Marshall received the Nobel Prize for his work. His story shows that scientific progress often requires ____32____ the accepted wisdom. It also proves that unexpected results should not be ____33____ simply because they do not match expectations. His work ____34____ doctors to be more careful and critical thinkers. Today, treatment for stomach ulcers involves a simple procedure, all ____35____ to the man. 21. A. innovation  B. claim  C. prediction  D. decision 22. A. hide  B. avoid  C. accept  D. handle 23. A. choice  B. memory  C. evidence  D. expectation 24. A. convinced  B. confused  C. worried  D. curious 25. A. steadily  B. absolutely  C. vividly  D. recently 26. A. disregarded  B. proved  C. supported  D. reflected 27. A. honest  B. daring  C. graceful  D. desirable 28. A. broke up  B. got away  C. put up  D. came down 29. A. demonstrated  B. doubted  C. forecasted  D. evaluated 30. A. repeated  B. confirmed  C. rejected  D. issued 31. A. experiment  B. exploration  C. course  D. structure 32. A. adopting  B. revising  C. challenging  D. distancing 33. A. ignored  B. valued  C. exposed  D. promoted 34. A. commanded  B. permitted  C. required  D. inspired 35. A. according  B. referring  C. response  D. thanks 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For generations, the Zhu family has been devoted to the art of copper craftsmanship (铜艺). Zhu Bingren, a national inheritor of intangible cultural heritage (非遗传承人), spent decades ____36____ (perfect) traditional techniques. However, he refused ____37____ (settle) for a simple copy of ancient forms. In a moment of creative breakthrough, he pioneered a reformative “molten copper” technique, allowing the metal to flow freely without a preset model. This method produces ____38____ (attract) organic shapes that capture (呈现) the raw energy of fire itself. His son, Zhu Junmin, ____39____ (grow) up surrounded by copper and tools. Rather than simply following his father’s path, he chose to explore new ____40____(opportunity) by combining traditional skills with modern design concepts. The workshop became a laboratory ____41____tradition and innovation could coexist. Today, their works are displayed in museums and public spaces worldwide. Each piece tells a story not only of artistic excellence ____42____of the deep connection between father and son. Their cooperation proves that heritage is not about maintaining the past in a ____43____ (fix) form but about allowing it to breathe and grow. For the Zhu family, copper is more than ____44____material; it is a living language through which they communicate with history and the future. Their journey reminds us that true craftsmanship lies not ____45____repeating techniques, but in the courage to develop new approaches while honoring one’s roots. 65.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校计划下周五开展以“太极（Tai Chi）”为主题的活动，请你给你的交换生好友Stevenson写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 活动意义。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；  2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Stevenson, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 66. 第二节（满分25分） 47.  阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The first thing I unpacked in my new Melbourne apartment was a small pot. It was old, its handle slightly bent, the inside darkened by years of use. It had traveled with me from Colombo, covered with three layers (层) of clothing, because I didn’t trust the moving company. I remember my mother handing it to me at the airport, saying, “This pot has fed you since you were born. Now it will feed you in Australia.” I had been in Australia for six months. In Colombo, I had been someone — a lecturer, a daughter with a familiar routine. I knew exactly which market stand sold the freshest vegetables, and my mother and I cooked together every Sunday. Here, I was “the international student”. My days were filled with academic papers and supermarkets where I couldn’t find the ingredients I needed. I felt like I was disappearing. Two classmates from Colombo had also just arrived in Melbourne. They looked lost just as I did. We had met once for coffee, but none of us knew how to cook the food we missed. One evening, I stood in my tiny kitchen and looked at the pot. Back home, my mother used it every single day. She would make parippu — a simple lentil curry (扁豆咖喱) with coconut milk (椰奶) and eggs, and the smell filled the house before my father came home from work. I could almost smell it now. I hadn’t cooked anything properly since arriving. Takeaway containers gathered on the counter. Cooking for one person felt pointless. Why bother making a full meal just for myself? The pot sat on the shelf, cold and silent. One morning, I decided to cook parippu properly. But how could I prepare the ingredients and cook? 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I decided to turn to my mother for help.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After my first successful parippu, I decided to cook it for two homesick friends.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $