精品解析：天津市军粮城中学2026-2027学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷

天津市军粮城中学高三年级英语学科阶段检测 第Ⅰ卷 第一节：听力(共15小题，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What class are they having? A. PE. B. English. C. Maths. 2. What does Andrew lack? A. Help. B. Independence. C. Safety. 3. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Cook the food again. B. Make a complaint. C. Share her story with another waiter. 4. What can we know according to the conversation? A. The woman didn’t sleep well last night. B. The man turned the air-conditioner down last night. C. The speakers stayed in a hotel last night. 5. What’s wrong with the woman? A. She has a health concern. B. She has psychological trouble. C. She has an uncommon disease. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. When did the woman begin working nearby? A. A week ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago. 7. What does the man do? A. Work for an organization. B. Collect stories in a clinic. C. Try out some miracle medicines. 8. What are they going to do? A. Go separately. B. Have a cup of tea. C. Block the street with bars. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第12四个小题。 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the man’s hometown. B. In a tall building. C. At a school. 10. What can we know according to the man? A. He lived in small rooms with an indoor toilet. B. He lived in a flat without a private kitchen. C. He lived in small rooms without a private toilet. 11. How did children often kill their time after school? A. Doing homework at home. B. Visiting each other. C. Playing together. 12. What is the woman going to do? A. Learn about her mum’s childhood stories. B. Wander around her mum’s hometown. C. Share her experiences in the big city. 听下面一段独白，回答第13至第15三个小题。 13. What is the most important for you to study abroad? A. Enjoy yourself to the fullest. B. Obey the local laws and customs. C. Keep in touch with your family often. 14. What is unnecessary for studying abroad? A. Applying for the passport early. B. Contacting the embassy regularly. C. Learning about the security situation of that country. 15. Who can provide the necessary help? A. Your family. B. Close friends. C. Student advisors. 第二节：单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. —Today is my 30th wedding anniversary with Philip. —Oh, ________! A. cheer up B. congratulations C. go ahead D. well done 2. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. ________, there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion 3. The students were all tired, but ________ of them stopped to have a rest. A. none B. each C. either D. neither 4. the great contributions he made to the film industry, the committee awarded Chaplin a special Oscar in 1972. A. In view of B. In place of C. In favour of D. In terms of 5. To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel ________. A. consumption B. collection C. commitment D. distribution 6. Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the ________ of their goals and ambitions, and who are able to learn from those mistakes. A. procedure B. pursuit C. preference D. progress 7. This is the only one of students ________ the truth. A. that knows B. that know C. which knows D. which know 8. — Guess what? I’ve got the opportunity for a short-term visit to Austria this summer. — Lucky you! You _______a different culture then. A. have been experiencing B. will have experienced C. will be experiencing D. have experienced 9. It’s a great pity ________ he failed the exam. A. that B. what C. why D. how 10. Jane had many new friends in the school, ______ she shared her feelings. A. with whom B. with which C. to whom D. for which 11. ________ it for many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said. A. Explained B. Having explained C. To explain D. Having been explained 12. The writer always carries a notebook along with him, _____he is seized by sudden inspiration. A. even though B. the moment C. in case D. now that 13. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _______ saved for other purpose. A. are B. is C. were D. was 14. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you’re afraid to do. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 15. —The government should limit the number of the cars on the street. —_______. If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced. A. It’s up to you B. I couldn’t agree more C. I think not D. That’s settled 第三节：完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about a/an ____16____ taster? Yes, there really is a job where you can get ____17____ to taste ice-cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Taster” for the past 21 years. ____18____ helps manufacturers (厂商) to be sure of a product’s ____19____. During his career, Harrison has been ____20____ approving large quantities of the sweet ice-cream — ____21____ for developing over 75 flavors (味道). Some people think that it would be ____22____ to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? “No, there is ____23____ to the job than that,” says Harrison, ____24____ has a degree in chemistry. He ____25____ that a dairy or food- science degree would be very useful to someone ____26____ a career in this “cool” field. In a ____27____ morning on the job, Harrison ____28____ and assesses (评定) 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice-cream ____29____ to about 12 °F. Harrison explains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice-cream, ____30____ is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.” While the ice-cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and ____31____ each one on its ____32____ “Tasting begins with the eyes,” he explains. He checks to see if the ice-cream is ____33____ and asks himself, “Does the product have the color ____34____ from that flavor?” Next it’s time to taste! Continuing to think up new ideas, ____35____ new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice-cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy — working at one cool job. 16. A. ice- cream B. chocolate C. potato chip D. cookie 17. A. excited B. changed C. bored D. paid 18. A. Testing B. checking C. Selling D. Purchasing 19. A. quantity B. color C. flavor D. quality 20. A. responsible for B. in charge of C. taken charge of D. related to 21. A. except B. as well as C. but D. besides 22. A. comfortable B. hard C. easy D. smart 23. A. a lot B. less C. more D. much 24. A. whom B. who C. that D. which 25. A. points to B. points out C. makes out D. makes up 26. A. wanting B. offering C. dreaming D. dying 27. A. typical B. special C. unique D. specific 28. A. touches B. feels C. tastes D. smells 29. A. be heated B. cool down C. warm up D. be boiled 30. A. where B. that C. which D. when 31. A. separates B. classifies C. appreciates D. grades 32. A. shape B. weight C. appearance D. size 33. A. ordinary B. attractive C. cool D. fancy 34. A. expected B. promised C. hoped D. demanded 35. A. try out B. to try out C. trying out D. tried out 第四节：阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited Items The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. Access to Residential Rooms Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking Policy Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms. Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court. Quiet Hours Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25. 36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms? A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B. Wireless routers and radios. C. Hair dryers and candles. D. TVs and electric blankets. 37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others? A. The combination should be changed. B. The Office should be charged. C. He should replace the door lock. D. He should check out of the room. 38. What do we know about the cooking policy? A. A microwave oven can be used. B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted. C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen. D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking. 39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____. A. parent visits B. a fine of $100 C. the Student Court D. a written notice 40. When can students enjoy a party in residences? A. 7:00 am, Sunday. B. 7:30 am, Thursday. C. 11:30 pm, Monday. D. 00:30 am, Saturday. B Music is the food of love, according to poets. And classical music, it seems, may be fine rain for restaurants. The music of Mozart, Bach and Beethoven played in restaurants makes diners feel richer and encourages them to spend money, according to research made by the University of Leicester in central England. “When you hear a piece of music, it activates all types of knowledge,” said Adrian North, a senior lecturer in psychology at a university who carried out tests in a restaurant near Leicester over a period of three weeks. “If you hear classical music, it gives you the feeling of wealth and it makes you feel a bit noble. In a restaurant, this has the effect of making you spend a bit more money.” Researchers found that classical music, often connected with wealth, was the most successful in encouraging people to pay cash, with diners spending more than 24 pounds a head. But when the music was Britney Spears’, diners spent less than 22 pounds a head, they found. With no background music, spending fell to around 21 pounds. “Where people were really spending the money was on the luxurious things, such as desserts and coffees,” said James Davis, owner of Softleys restaurant in Market Bosworth, where the research was carried out. He also said, “I think this research will certainly affect what we will play in the future.” 41. How did people feel while listening to classical music? A. They only feel noble. B. They feel they are luxurious. C. They feel that they are a little noble and wealthy. D. They have the feeling that money is less important. 42. Which music has the most obvious effect on people’s spending? A. Britney Spears’ B. Classical music C. Pop music. D. Not mentioned in the passage. 43. What does the underlined sentence mean? A. People like to have desserts and coffees. B. The desserts and coffees are very expensive. C. People spend money in enjoying music in restaurants. D. Having desserts and coffees makes people spend more money. 44. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A. Softleys might accept the idea B. most people don’t believe the idea C. restaurants will never play Britney Spears’ music D. every restaurant must play classical music in the future 45. What is the best title of the passage? A. Classical music makes diners spend more money. B. Music and restaurants. C. Diners love music. D. Music is the food of love. C Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons: (1) They are not trained in how to be creative. (2) They don’t understand group strength well enough to harness（驾驭）their power to maximize group creativity. A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone. To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving: divergence（分散）and convergence（集中）. Divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem. The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone. Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a small number of these statements to work on—this is healthy convergence. When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members. Finally, let the group discuss the resulting ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions. This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best. 46. Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods ______. A. actually limit group creativity B. greatly encourage group creativity C. enable people to form more ideas together D. prevent people’s involvement in the problems 47. According to Para. 4, when a member presents an idea, others tend to_____. A. think the other way round B. follow his way of thinking C. be more confident in their own ideas D. be less willing to share their own ideas 48. What should group members first do early in the problem-solving process? A. Discuss the problem. B. Simplify the problem. C. Put down group statements together. D. Write down their individual descriptions. 49. How can each group member make changes to his initial solution? A. By adding in collected evidence. B. By reorganizing his own words. C. By drawing on others’ ideas. D. By making his statement briefer. 50. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To advocate a way to make group thinking more effective. B. To demonstrate the difficulty in organizing group thinking. C. To highlight the differences between divergence and convergence. D. To show the advantage of group thinking over individual thinking. D Are you one of those people who can tell when a storm is approaching based on the achy knees? Well, you may think you are. But a study of more than 1.5 million seniors finds no relationship between rainfall and doctor visits for pain. The idea that our bodies are barometers (气压计) for all sorts of weather-related phenomena is not a new one. Anupam Jena, who led the study said, “If you talk to people, I’d say millions and millions of people probably believe that things like rainfall cause symptoms (症状) of joint pain and stiffness (僵硬). But if you look at the studies, there’s actually been surprisingly little evidence to suggest that joint pain has something to do with rainfall.” Most of the studies have been quite small. And we were interested in thinking about whether we could approach this question in a big data sort of way. He and his colleagues looked at information collected in more than 11 million visits that older Americans made to their primary care physicians. They compared these records with data on daily rainfall. And what they found is if you look at days when it rained compared with days when it didn’t rain, there is no difference in the proportion (比例) of visits to a doctor that involved a complaint of joint pain or back pain. They saw no “rain effect” even when it poured for seven days straight. And if you look at the week after a period of heavy rainfall, you still see no relationship. And that doesn’t mean that factors like rainfall or temperature don’t affect joint pain or symptoms of joint stiffness. But in this sort of big data approach, they didn’t find any evidence for it. Of course, it could still be that the pain from rain is not enough to complain. It could be that patients take over-the-counter (不需处方可出售的) painkillers once these symptoms hit, and so when they see their doctor they’re not actually in enough pain to mention it. 51. What do Anupam Jena’s words indicate? A. Seeing is believing. B. Truth is in the hands of a few. C. Belief and truth may be two different things. D. We should be prepared for a rainy day. 52. How did Anupam Jena carry out his research? A. By analyzing the “big data” on the Internet. B. By surveying “rain effect” online. C. By visiting their primary care physicians. D. By comparing doctor visits with daily rainfall data. 53. What did Anupam Jena and his colleagues find? A. Weather can stop people who suffer joint pain from visiting doctors. B. People go to hospital more frequently on rainy days than on sunny days. C. It’s hard for patients to make an appointment with doctors on rainy days. D. There is no evidence in big data to show rainfall has a relationship with joint pain. 54. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Painkillers are not allowed to be used when the pain is not serious. B. Patients may take painkillers first when they suffer joint pain. C. Weather-related phenomena have a strong influence on people. D. Painkillers make patients tell a lie when they see their doctors. 55. What’s the main idea of the text? A. Pain and weather fail to connect. B. Some people can predict rainfall. C. The achy knees predict the coming storm. D. The relationship between pain and rainfall is clear. 第Ⅱ卷 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Are you a shy person? Do you find shyness prevents you from thinking clearly and performing well in your work? Overcoming shyness takes time and it is certainly worth taking some steps. The following are some good suggestions for you to fight against shyness. Know you are in great company. If you are shy, you are not alone. It is reported that 93 percent of people experience shyness in their lives. And of course there are some cool, nice, kind and generous people who experience the same feelings and thoughts as you do. There is no need to blame yourself for being shy. Give yourself time and space. Being shy is not easy and sometimes it can be very annoying. I have certainly felt this many times. I find the best thing is to give myself time and space. Many shy persons say they need to have some time alone each day. If you are shy, make sure you allow yourself time to gather your thoughts. Doing this means you have more energy to deal with others. Realize you can overcome shyness. Sometimes you can get so baffled by being shy that it can be hard to see that this is something you can overcome. In fact, everyone can overcome shyness. Next time you meet strangers or have to speak before others, try to be brave. You can do it. What’s more, the older you are, the more experiences you have. And this means there are more situations where you feel comfortable and you are able to overcome your shyness little by little. Don’t just wait. Shyness won’t go away if you leave it as it is. 56. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 8 words.) 57. What’s the disadvantage of being shy? (Please answer within 9 words.) 58. Why is it unnecessary to blame yourself for being shy? (Please answer within 15 words.) 59. Please explain the underlined word “baffled” in English. (Please answer within 5 words.) 60. If your friend is a shy person, what will you do to help him to overcome shyness? (Please answer within 25 words.) 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，上个月你作为学校国际交流团的成员，访问了澳大利亚的一所高中，并参与了为期一周的文化交流活动。现在你已经返回国内，请你代表你校国际交流团，给澳大利亚活动负责人Emma写一封信。内容包括： 1.感谢对方的招待与安排； 2.此行的体验和收获（与当地学生交流、参观名胜古迹等）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市军粮城中学高三年级英语学科阶段检测 第Ⅰ卷 第一节：听力(共15小题，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What class are they having? A. PE. B. English. C. Maths. 2. What does Andrew lack? A. Help. B. Independence. C. Safety. 3. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Cook the food again. B. Make a complaint. C. Share her story with another waiter. 4. What can we know according to the conversation? A. The woman didn’t sleep well last night. B. The man turned the air-conditioner down last night. C. The speakers stayed in a hotel last night. 5. What’s wrong with the woman? A. She has a health concern. B. She has psychological trouble. C. She has an uncommon disease. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. When did the woman begin working nearby? A. A week ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago. 7. What does the man do? A. Work for an organization. B. Collect stories in a clinic. C. Try out some miracle medicines. 8. What are they going to do? A. Go separately. B. Have a cup of tea. C. Block the street with bars. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第12四个小题。 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the man’s hometown. B. In a tall building. C. At a school. 10. What can we know according to the man? A. He lived in small rooms with an indoor toilet. B. He lived in a flat without a private kitchen. C. He lived in small rooms without a private toilet. 11. How did children often kill their time after school? A. Doing homework at home. B. Visiting each other. C. Playing together. 12. What is the woman going to do? A. Learn about her mum’s childhood stories. B. Wander around her mum’s hometown. C. Share her experiences in the big city. 听下面一段独白，回答第13至第15三个小题。 13. What is the most important for you to study abroad? A. Enjoy yourself to the fullest. B. Obey the local laws and customs. C. Keep in touch with your family often. 14. What is unnecessary for studying abroad? A. Applying for the passport early. B. Contacting the embassy regularly. C. Learning about the security situation of that country. 15. Who can provide the necessary help? A. Your family. B. Close friends. C. Student advisors. 第二节：单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. —Today is my 30th wedding anniversary with Philip. —Oh, ________! A. cheer up B. congratulations C. go ahead D. well done 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——今天是我和Philip结婚30周年纪念日。——哦，恭喜！A. cheer up振作起来；B. congratulations恭喜；C. go ahead去吧；D. well done做得好。根据上文“Today is my 30th wedding anniversary with Philip.”可知，祝贺对方的结婚周年纪念日。故选B。 2. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. ________, there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：大部分人工作是因为不可避免。相比之下，有些人确实喜欢工作。A. As a result结果；B. In addition此外；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In conclusion总而言之。“不可避免”表示一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种对比。故选C。 【点睛】本题关键词是不可避免（unavoidable）。本题需要通过分析句子成分，判断前后的意思是相反的。介词的短语的考查，四个选项意思都是相差很大的，该题需要能够正确理解句子隐含意思。平时要注重识记介词短语，另外这些介词短语表达可以运用在写作中。 3. The students were all tired, but ________ of them stopped to have a rest. A. none B. each C. either D. neither 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：学生们都很累，但没有一个人停下来休息。A. none（三者或三者以上）都不，没有一个；B. each每一个；C. either（两者之中）任意一个；D. neither（两者）都不。根据“The students were all tired”以及“but”可知，学生们都很累，但没有一个停下来休息，学生数量是三者以上，所以用“none”。故选A。 4. the great contributions he made to the film industry, the committee awarded Chaplin a special Oscar in 1972. A. In view of B. In place of C. In favour of D. In terms of 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：鉴于卓别林对电影业的巨大贡献，委员会于1972年授予卓别林特别奥斯卡奖。A. In view of由于，鉴于，基于；B. In place of代替；C. In favour of赞同，有利于；D. In terms of从某个角度来看。前文“the great contributions he made to the film industry”是后文“the committee awarded Chaplin a special Oscar in 1972”的原因和依据，所以In view of，合乎逻辑，符合句意。故选A项。 5. To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel ________. A. consumption B. collection C. commitment D. distribution 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption消耗；B. collection收藏品；C. commitment承诺；D. distribution分配。根据上文“To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel”可知，指科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施，来对抗全球变暖，应用consumption。故选A。 6. Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the ________ of their goals and ambitions, and who are able to learn from those mistakes. A. procedure B. pursuit C. preference D. progress 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功属于那些在追求目标和抱负的过程中愿意冒犯错误的风险，并且能够从这些错误中吸取教训的人。A. procedure程序；B. pursuit追求；C. preference偏爱；D. progress进步。根据后文“of their goals and ambitions”指追求目标和抱负。故选B。 7. This is the only one of students ________ the truth. A. that knows B. that know C. which knows D. which know 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是唯一一个知道真相的学生。“_______the truth.” 是定语从句，先行词是the only one，指人，在从句中作主语。当先行词被“the only”修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，所以排除C、D选项。结合is可知句子陈述事实用一般现在时，又因为“the only one”表示单数概念，所以从句中的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式knows。故选A。 8. — Guess what? I’ve got the opportunity for a short-term visit to Austria this summer. — Lucky you! You _______a different culture then. A. have been experiencing B. will have experienced C. will be experiencing D. have experienced 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你猜怎么着？今年夏天我有机会短期访问奥地利。——你真幸运！那时你将会体验到不同的文化。根据“I’ve got the opportunity for a short-term visit to Austria this summer.”可知，强调在将来的某个时间段(今年夏天)正在发生的动作，所以用将来进行时。故选C。 9. It’s a great pity ________ he failed the exam. A. that B. what C. why D. how 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他考试不及格，真是太遗憾了。It’s a great pity that...是固定句型，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，此句型用来表达对某事感到遗憾或惋惜，that在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，无实际意义。本句中“he failed the exam”是一个完整的句子，不缺少成分，所以用that引导。故填A。 10. Jane had many new friends in the school, ______ she shared her feelings. A. with whom B. with which C. to whom D. for which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Jane在学校里有许多可以分享自己感受的新朋友。分析句子可知，先行词是friends，指人，从句中固定短语share sth. with sb.，这里把介词with放在关系词之前，因此with whom在定语从句中充当宾语成分。故选A项。 【点睛】“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句介词前置的句型，介词与关系代词之间存在介宾关系。关系代词指物时，只能用which，关系代词指人时，只能用whom。关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义。一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系。二动，根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系。三意义，根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。如本题中，就是根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系，所以选择with whom。 11. ________ it for many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said. A. Explained B. Having explained C. To explain D. Having been explained 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我已经解释了很多次，但还是不能让汤姆明白我说的话。“I still can’t make Tom understand what I said”是主句，“________ it for many times”是状语部分。explain这一动作发生在“can’t make Tom understand”之前，且explain与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词的完成式“Having done”来作状语，表示该动作先于主句动作发生。故选B。 12. The writer always carries a notebook along with him, _____he is seized by sudden inspiration. A. even though B. the moment C. in case D. now that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这个作家经常随身携带一个笔记本，以防他有突发的灵感。A. even though虽然；B. the moment一……就；C. in case以防万一；D. now that既然。根据句意，“以防万一” 符合语意。故选C项。 13. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _______ saved for other purpose. A. are B. is C. were D. was 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：工厂用了65%的原材料，剩下的保存下来另作它用。the rest of+主语，谓语动词的单复数形式视主语而定，此处定语从句the rest of which…中的主语是which指代前文的the raw materials，是个复数形式，故谓语动词用复数形式，与主语构成被动关系，为一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 14. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you’re afraid to do. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事情。A. that引导名词性从句，不做句子成分；B. what引导名词性从句，做句子成分；C. how如何，在从句中做状语；D. whether是否。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作do之后的宾语，应用what引导。故选B。 【知识拓展】在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether和疑问词（what，how，where，when ...)。 考点：考查宾语从句。 15. —The government should limit the number of the cars on the street. —_______. If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced. A. It’s up to you B. I couldn’t agree more C. I think not D. That’s settled 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——政府应该限定街上汽车的数量。——我完全同意。如果这样，空气污染将大大减少。A.It’s up to you这取决于你；B. I couldn’t agree more 我完全同意；C.I think not我 认为不是；D. That’s settled就这么定了。根据下文“If so, air pollution will be greatly reduced.”可知，说话人完全同意。故选B。 第三节：完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about a/an ____16____ taster? Yes, there really is a job where you can get ____17____ to taste ice-cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Taster” for the past 21 years. ____18____ helps manufacturers (厂商) to be sure of a product’s ____19____. During his career, Harrison has been ____20____ approving large quantities of the sweet ice-cream — ____21____ for developing over 75 flavors (味道). Some people think that it would be ____22____ to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? “No, there is ____23____ to the job than that,” says Harrison, ____24____ has a degree in chemistry. He ____25____ that a dairy or food- science degree would be very useful to someone ____26____ a career in this “cool” field. In a ____27____ morning on the job, Harrison ____28____ and assesses (评定) 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice-cream ____29____ to about 12 °F. Harrison explains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice-cream, ____30____ is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.” While the ice-cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and ____31____ each one on its ____32____ “Tasting begins with the eyes,” he explains. He checks to see if the ice-cream is ____33____ and asks himself, “Does the product have the color ____34____ from that flavor?” Next it’s time to taste! Continuing to think up new ideas, ____35____ new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice-cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy — working at one cool job. 16. A. ice- cream B. chocolate C. potato chip D. cookie 17. A. excited B. changed C. bored D. paid 18. A. Testing B. checking C. Selling D. Purchasing 19. A. quantity B. color C. flavor D. quality 20. A. responsible for B. in charge of C. taken charge of D. related to 21. A. except B. as well as C. but D. besides 22. A. comfortable B. hard C. easy D. smart 23. A. a lot B. less C. more D. much 24. A. whom B. who C. that D. which 25. A. points to B. points out C. makes out D. makes up 26. A. wanting B. offering C. dreaming D. dying 27. A. typical B. special C. unique D. specific 28. A. touches B. feels C. tastes D. smells 29. A. be heated B. cool down C. warm up D. be boiled 30. A. where B. that C. which D. when 31. A. separates B. classifies C. appreciates D. grades 32. A. shape B. weight C. appearance D. size 33. A. ordinary B. attractive C. cool D. fancy 34. A. expected B. promised C. hoped D. demanded 35. A. try out B. to try out C. trying out D. tried out 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了官方冰淇淋品尝师John Harrison的工作内容及要求等。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：长大后你想成为什么？老师？医生？冰淇淋品尝师怎么样？A. ice-cream 冰淇淋；B. chocolate 巧克力；C. potato chip 薯片；D. cookie 饼干。后文提到“taste ice-cream”和“75 flavors”等信息，说明主题是冰淇淋。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，确实有一份工作可以让你得到报酬去品尝冰淇淋。A. excited使兴奋；B. changed改变；C. bored使厌烦；D. paid支付。根据前文“there really is a job”可知，get paid to do sth是固定搭配，意为“获得报酬做某事”，符合职业特性。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：测试帮助制造商确保产品的质量。A. Testing测试；B. checking检查；C. Selling卖；D. Purchasing购买。前文“Yes, there really is a job where you can get 　　 to taste ice-cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Taster” for the past 21 years.”提到是品尝师，其职责是通过测试来评估产品。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. quantity数量；B. color颜色；C. flavor味道；D. quality质量。根据后文“During his career, Harrison has been 　　 approving large quantities of the sweet ice-cream — 　　 for developing over 75 flavors (味道).”可知，作为品尝师，核心任务是保证产品质量，“quality”涵盖风味、安全、一致性等。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：在他的职业生涯中，Harrison一直负责批准大量的甜冰淇淋，还开发了75多种口味。A. responsible for负责；B. in charge of掌管；C. taken charge of接管；D. related to与……有关。根据后文“approving large quantities of the sweet ice-cream”可知，这里在描述品尝师的责任，be responsible for doing sth.表示“负责做某事”，符合语境。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查介词和连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. except除了；B. as well as也，还；C. but但是；D. besides除……之外（还）。根据前文“approving large quantities of the sweet ice-cream”和后文“for developing over 75 flavors (味道)”可知，空格前后为并列的工作内容，as well as可连接并列成分，表递进。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人认为做这份工作很容易；毕竟，你只需要喜欢冰淇淋，对吧？A. comfortable舒服的；B. hard困难的；C. easy容易的；D. smart聪明的。根据后文“you just have to like ice cream”可知，人们误以为这份工作只需喜欢冰淇淋，很简单。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词和比较级辨析。句意：“不，这份工作远不止如此，”Harrison说，他有化学学位。A. a lot很多；B. less更少；C. more更多；D. much很多。根据后文“ than that”、“ has a degree in chemistry”以及“a dairy or food- science degree would be very useful”可知，more than that表示“远不止这些”，用于否定前文的片面认知，引出工作的专业性。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意同上。A. whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；B. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；D. which先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Harrison，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who引导。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他指出，对于想要在这个“酷”领域从事职业的人来说，乳制品或食品科学学位将非常有用。A. points to指向；B. points out指出；C. makes out辨认出；D. makes up组成。根据后文“that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone 　　 a career in this “cool” field.”可知，这里是指出有相关学位有用。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wanting想要；B. offering提供；C. dreaming梦想；D. dying渴望。根据后文“a career in this “cool” field.”可知，这里表示想要在这个领域从事职业的人，“wanting a career”作后置定语修饰someone，表示“想要从事该职业的人”，符合语法和语境。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个典型的工作日上午，Harrison品尝并评估60个冰淇淋样品。A. typical典型的；B. special特别的；C. unique独特的；D. specific具体的。根据后文“morning on the job, Harrison 　　 and assesses (评定) 60 ice-cream samples”可知，此处描述日常工作状态，typical强调“具有代表性的、日常的”，符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. touches触摸；B. feels感觉；C. tastes品尝；D. smells闻。根据后文“assesses (评定) 60 ice-cream samples”可知，作为冰淇淋品尝师，其工作自然是品尝样品。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他让冰淇淋升温到大约12华氏度。A. be heated被加热；B. cool down冷却；C. warm up升温；D. be boiled被煮。根据后文“You get more flavor from warmer ice-cream”可知，这里是表示让冰淇淋升温。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意：从较暖的冰淇淋中你能得到更多味道，这就是为什么有些孩子喜欢搅拌它，做成冰淇淋汤。A. where先行词是地点，在从句中作状语；B. that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. which先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；D. when先行词是时间，在从句中作状语。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当冰淇淋升温时，Harrison查看样品并根据外观给每个样品打分。A. separates分离；B. classifies分类；C. appreciates欣赏；D. grades打分。根据前文“Harrison looks over the samples”和后文“Tasting begins with the eyes”可知，品尝师会给样品打分，grades each one表示“为每一样品评分”，符合评估流程。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shape形状；B. weight重量；C. appearance外观；D. size尺寸。后文“Does the product have the color 　　 from that flavor?”提到了颜色等，此处指通过视觉判断的“外观”，涵盖颜色、形状等。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他检查冰淇淋是否吸引人，并问自己：“这个产品的颜色是这种口味所期望的吗？”A. ordinary普通的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. cool凉爽的；D. fancy花哨的。根据上文“He checks to see if the ice-cream is”可知，作为商品，冰淇淋的外观需要具有吸引力，attractive符合产品品鉴的标准。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expected期望；B. promised承诺；C. hoped希望；D. demanded要求。根据上文“Does the product have the color”可知，这里表示颜色是否是这种口味所期望的，the color expected from that flavor表示“该口味预期应有的颜色”，expected作后置定语，符合语境。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查（非）谓语动词辨析。句意：每天不断想出新点子，尝试新口味，测试这么多种冰淇淋的样品，让Harrison忙碌但快乐——从事一份很酷的工作。A. try out尝试（动词原形）；B. to try out去尝试（不定式）；C. trying out尝试（动名词）；D. tried out尝试（过去式或过去分词）。此处与think up和test并列放在动词不定式符号to后，所以用动词原形。故选A。 第四节：阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited Items The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. Access to Residential Rooms Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking Policy Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms. Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court. Quiet Hours Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25. 36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms? A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B. Wireless routers and radios. C. Hair dryers and candles. D. TVs and electric blankets. 37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others? A. The combination should be changed. B. The Office should be charged. C. He should replace the door lock. D. He should check out of the room. 38. What do we know about the cooking policy? A. A microwave oven can be used. B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted. C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen. D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking. 39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____. A. parent visits B. a fine of $100 C. the Student Court D. a written notice 40. When can students enjoy a party in residences? A. 7:00 am, Sunday. B. 7:30 am, Thursday. C. 11:30 pm, Monday. D. 00:30 am, Saturday. 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学宿舍的规范：批准和禁止的项目、烹饪的政策、宠物政策等规定，让同学们严格遵守。。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players.可知电视机和电热毯是允许使用的。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.可知如果发现学生与他人共享门锁组合，居住生活办公室可随时更换门锁组合，费用由居民承担。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.可知除了可以使用小的微波炉来加热食物外，不允许学生在房间里做饭，故小的微波炉是可以使用的。选A。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.可知，学生在接到书面通知一周之内，没有把宠物移走的，将被移交给学生法庭。故选C。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am.可知周六的安静时间是早上1点到8，故可以推断出答案。故选D。 B Music is the food of love, according to poets. And classical music, it seems, may be fine rain for restaurants. The music of Mozart, Bach and Beethoven played in restaurants makes diners feel richer and encourages them to spend money, according to research made by the University of Leicester in central England. “When you hear a piece of music, it activates all types of knowledge,” said Adrian North, a senior lecturer in psychology at a university who carried out tests in a restaurant near Leicester over a period of three weeks. “If you hear classical music, it gives you the feeling of wealth and it makes you feel a bit noble. In a restaurant, this has the effect of making you spend a bit more money.” Researchers found that classical music, often connected with wealth, was the most successful in encouraging people to pay cash, with diners spending more than 24 pounds a head. But when the music was Britney Spears’, diners spent less than 22 pounds a head, they found. With no background music, spending fell to around 21 pounds. “Where people were really spending the money was on the luxurious things, such as desserts and coffees,” said James Davis, owner of Softleys restaurant in Market Bosworth, where the research was carried out. He also said, “I think this research will certainly affect what we will play in the future.” 41. How did people feel while listening to classical music? A. They only feel noble. B. They feel they are luxurious. C. They feel that they are a little noble and wealthy. D. They have the feeling that money is less important. 42. Which music has the most obvious effect on people’s spending? A. Britney Spears’ B. Classical music C. Pop music. D. Not mentioned in the passage. 43. What does the underlined sentence mean? A. People like to have desserts and coffees. B. The desserts and coffees are very expensive. C. People spend money in enjoying music in restaurants. D. Having desserts and coffees makes people spend more money. 44. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A. Softleys might accept the idea B. most people don’t believe the idea C. restaurants will never play Britney Spears’ music D. every restaurant must play classical music in the future 45. What is the best title of the passage? A. Classical music makes diners spend more money. B. Music and restaurants. C. Diners love music. D. Music is the food of love. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究表明餐厅播放古典音乐会让食客感觉富有并鼓励他们多花钱。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you hear classical music, it gives you the feeling of wealth and it makes you feel a bit noble.(如果你听到古典音乐，它会给你一种富有感，让你觉得自己有点高贵)”可知，人们听古典音乐时会觉得自己有点高贵和富有。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers found that classical music, often connected with wealth, was the most successful in encouraging people to pay cash, with diners spending more than 24 pounds a head.(研究人员发现，古典音乐通常与财富联系在一起，在鼓励人们支付现金方面最为成功，食客人均消费超过24英镑)”可知，古典音乐对人们消费的影响最明显。故选B。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Where people were really spending the money was on the luxurious things, such as desserts and coffees(人们真正花钱的地方是奢侈的东西，比如甜点和咖啡)”可知，画线句子的意思是吃甜点和喝咖啡会让人们花更多的钱。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中餐厅老板James Davis说的“He also said, “I think this research will certainly affect what we will play in the future.”(他还说：“我认为这项研究肯定会影响我们未来的演奏。”)”可推断出，Softleys 餐厅可能会采纳这个研究结论。故选A。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The music of Mozart, Bach and Beethoven played in restaurants makes diners feel richer and encourages them to spend money, according to research made by the University of Leicester in central England.(据英国中部莱斯特大学的研究，餐厅里播放的莫扎特、巴赫和贝多芬的音乐让食客感觉更富有，并鼓励他们花钱)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了研究表明餐厅播放古典音乐会让食客感觉富有并鼓励他们多花钱。所以本文的最佳标题是“Classical music makes diners spend more money(古典音乐让食客花更多钱)”。故选A。 C Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons: (1) They are not trained in how to be creative. (2) They don’t understand group strength well enough to harness（驾驭）their power to maximize group creativity. A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone. To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving: divergence（分散）and convergence（集中）. Divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem. The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone. Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a small number of these statements to work on—this is healthy convergence. When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members. Finally, let the group discuss the resulting ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions. This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best. 46. Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods ______. A. actually limit group creativity B. greatly encourage group creativity C. enable people to form more ideas together D. prevent people’s involvement in the problems 47. According to Para. 4, when a member presents an idea, others tend to_____. A. think the other way round B. follow his way of thinking C. be more confident in their own ideas D. be less willing to share their own ideas 48. What should group members first do early in the problem-solving process? A. Discuss the problem. B. Simplify the problem. C. Put down group statements together. D. Write down their individual descriptions. 49. How can each group member make changes to his initial solution? A. By adding in collected evidence. B. By reorganizing his own words. C. By drawing on others’ ideas. D. By making his statement briefer. 50. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To advocate a way to make group thinking more effective. B. To demonstrate the difficulty in organizing group thinking. C. To highlight the differences between divergence and convergence. D. To show the advantage of group thinking over individual thinking. 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了团体不擅长创造性解决问题的原因以及提出了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段“A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal.”可知，创造力的一个关键因素是应用现有知识解决新问题，人们越多地涉及创新地解决问题， 就会有越多的知识被应有，不幸的是， 研究表明： 传统的脑力风暴并不能如愿以偿达到目。所以研究表明，传统的头脑风暴方法实际上限制了团队的创造力。故选A项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段“ In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly.”可知，在团体，一旦一个成员阐述了一个潜在的解决办法，就会使其他成员国对这个问题有类似的想法。所以根据第4段，当一个成员提出一个想法时，其他人往往会跟随他的思维方式。故选B项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。由第五段“ For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem.”可知，例如，解决问题的早期过程， 让成员单独写下对问题的叙述。所以在问题解决过程的早期，团队成员应该首先写下他们各自的叙述。故选D项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。由倒数第三段“Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on the ideas of other members.”可知，然后收集成员的最初想法并发送给其他成员， 允许其他成员基于别人想法的基础上创新。所以每个组成员可以借鉴别人的想法更改其初始解决方案。故选C项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。由其第一段“Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons”可知，众人不擅长创造性解决问题的原因有两个。再根据第二段“Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone”可知，不幸的是，研究表明，传统的头脑风暴方法未能实现这一目标。当团队聚在一起交流想法时，他们实际上提出的想法比各自单独工作时要少。所以短文的前两段提出了团体不擅长创造性解决问题的原因以及现存的团队创造力解决方法的弊端，所以短文从第三段起就上述现象提出了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。所以短文的目的是提出了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。故选A项。 D Are you one of those people who can tell when a storm is approaching based on the achy knees? Well, you may think you are. But a study of more than 1.5 million seniors finds no relationship between rainfall and doctor visits for pain. The idea that our bodies are barometers (气压计) for all sorts of weather-related phenomena is not a new one. Anupam Jena, who led the study said, “If you talk to people, I’d say millions and millions of people probably believe that things like rainfall cause symptoms (症状) of joint pain and stiffness (僵硬). But if you look at the studies, there’s actually been surprisingly little evidence to suggest that joint pain has something to do with rainfall.” Most of the studies have been quite small. And we were interested in thinking about whether we could approach this question in a big data sort of way. He and his colleagues looked at information collected in more than 11 million visits that older Americans made to their primary care physicians. They compared these records with data on daily rainfall. And what they found is if you look at days when it rained compared with days when it didn’t rain, there is no difference in the proportion (比例) of visits to a doctor that involved a complaint of joint pain or back pain. They saw no “rain effect” even when it poured for seven days straight. And if you look at the week after a period of heavy rainfall, you still see no relationship. And that doesn’t mean that factors like rainfall or temperature don’t affect joint pain or symptoms of joint stiffness. But in this sort of big data approach, they didn’t find any evidence for it. Of course, it could still be that the pain from rain is not enough to complain. It could be that patients take over-the-counter (不需处方可出售的) painkillers once these symptoms hit, and so when they see their doctor they’re not actually in enough pain to mention it. 51. What do Anupam Jena’s words indicate? A. Seeing is believing. B. Truth is in the hands of a few. C. Belief and truth may be two different things. D. We should be prepared for a rainy day. 52. How did Anupam Jena carry out his research? A. By analyzing the “big data” on the Internet. B. By surveying “rain effect” online. C. By visiting their primary care physicians. D. By comparing doctor visits with daily rainfall data. 53. What did Anupam Jena and his colleagues find? A. Weather can stop people who suffer joint pain from visiting doctors. B. People go to hospital more frequently on rainy days than on sunny days. C. It’s hard for patients to make an appointment with doctors on rainy days. D. There is no evidence in big data to show rainfall has a relationship with joint pain. 54. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Painkillers are not allowed to be used when the pain is not serious. B. Patients may take painkillers first when they suffer joint pain. C. Weather-related phenomena have a strong influence on people. D. Painkillers make patients tell a lie when they see their doctors. 55. What’s the main idea of the text? A. Pain and weather fail to connect. B. Some people can predict rainfall. C. The achy knees predict the coming storm. D. The relationship between pain and rainfall is clear. 【答案】51. C 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要探讨了关节疼痛与降雨之间的关系，通过大数据研究发现二者并无关联。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Anupam Jena, who led the study said, “If you talk to people, I’d say millions and millions of people probably believe that things like rainfall cause symptoms (症状) of joint pain and stiffness (僵硬). But if you look at the studies, there’s actually been surprisingly little evidence to suggest that joint pain has something to do with rainfall.” (该研究的负责人Anupam Jena说：“如果你和人们交谈，我会说数以百万计的人可能认为降雨会导致关节疼痛和僵硬的症状。但如果你看看这些研究，实际上几乎没有证据表明关节疼痛与降雨有关。”)”可知，Anupam Jena的话表明信念和事实可能是两回事。故选C项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He and his colleagues looked at information collected in more than 11 million visits that older Americans made to their primary care physicians. They compared these records with data on daily rainfall. (他和他的同事们查看了美国老年人在初级保健医生处就诊超过1100万次的信息。他们将这些记录与每日降雨数据进行了比较)”可知，Anupam Jena是通过将看医生的记录与每日降雨数据对比来开展研究的。故选D项。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“And what they found is if you look at days when it rained compared with days when it didn’t rain, there is no difference in the proportion (比例) of visits to a doctor that involved a complaint of joint pain or back pain. (他们发现，与不下雨的日子相比，在下雨的日子里，因关节疼痛或背痛而看医生的比例没有差异)”可知，Anupam Jena和他的同事发现大数据中没有证据表明降雨与关节疼痛有关。故选D项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, it could still be that the pain from rain is not enough to complain. It could be that patients take over-the-counter (不需处方可出售的) painkillers once these symptoms hit, and so when they see their doctor they’re not actually in enough pain to mention it. (当然，也有可能是雨天的疼痛不足以让人抱怨，也有可能是患者一旦出现这些症状就会服用非处方止痛药，所以当他们去看医生时，他们实际上并没有痛到要提到这一点)”可知，患者在关节疼痛时可能会先服用止痛药。故选B项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But a study of more than 1.5 million seniors finds no relationship between rainfall and doctor visits for pain. (但一项对 150 多万老年人的研究发现，降雨和因疼痛就医之间没有关系)”、第二段“there’s actually been surprisingly little evidence to suggest that joint pain has something to do with rainfall (实际上几乎没有证据表明关节疼痛与降雨有关)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了关节疼痛和降雨之间并没有联系。故选A项。 第Ⅱ卷 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Are you a shy person? Do you find shyness prevents you from thinking clearly and performing well in your work? Overcoming shyness takes time and it is certainly worth taking some steps. The following are some good suggestions for you to fight against shyness. Know you are in great company. If you are shy, you are not alone. It is reported that 93 percent of people experience shyness in their lives. And of course there are some cool, nice, kind and generous people who experience the same feelings and thoughts as you do. There is no need to blame yourself for being shy. Give yourself time and space. Being shy is not easy and sometimes it can be very annoying. I have certainly felt this many times. I find the best thing is to give myself time and space. Many shy persons say they need to have some time alone each day. If you are shy, make sure you allow yourself time to gather your thoughts. Doing this means you have more energy to deal with others. Realize you can overcome shyness. Sometimes you can get so baffled by being shy that it can be hard to see that this is something you can overcome. In fact, everyone can overcome shyness. Next time you meet strangers or have to speak before others, try to be brave. You can do it. What’s more, the older you are, the more experiences you have. And this means there are more situations where you feel comfortable and you are able to overcome your shyness little by little. Don’t just wait. Shyness won’t go away if you leave it as it is. 56. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 8 words.) 57. What’s the disadvantage of being shy? (Please answer within 9 words.) 58. Why is it unnecessary to blame yourself for being shy? (Please answer within 15 words.) 59. Please explain the underlined word “baffled” in English. (Please answer within 5 words.) 60. If your friend is a shy person, what will you do to help him to overcome shyness? (Please answer within 25 words.) 【答案】56. How to deal with shyness./How to overcome shyness./Tips on dealing with shyness./Suggestions to fight against shyness. 57. It prevents you from thinking clearly and performing well. 58. Because a lot of people experience the same feelings and thoughts as you. 59. Confused./Difficult for someone to understand. 60. If my friend is a shy person, I will encourage him to communicate more with strangers, become confident and overcome shyness. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些克服害羞的好建议。 【56题详解】 考查主旨大意。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“The following are some good suggestions for you to fight against shyness. (以下是一些很好的建议，可以帮助你克服害羞)”可推知，本文主要介绍了如何克服害羞。故答案为How to deal with shyness./How to overcome shyness./Tips on dealing with shyness./Suggestions to fight against shyness. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Do you find shyness prevents you from thinking clearly and performing well in your work? (你是否发现害羞会妨碍你清晰地思考并在工作中表现出色)”可知，害羞会阻止人们清楚地思考，阻止人们在工作中表现良好。故答案为It prevents you from thinking clearly and performing well. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“And of course there are some cool, nice, kind and generous people who experience the same feelings and thoughts as you do. There is no need to blame yourself for being shy. (当然，也有一些很酷、很好、很善良、很慷慨的人，他们和你有着同样的感受和想法。没有必要因为害羞而责备自己)”可知，有许多人同你一样经历着同样的感受和想法，所以没有必要因为害羞而责怪自己。故答案为Because a lot of people experience the same feelings and thoughts as you. 【59题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据文章最后一段“that it can be hard to see that this is something you can overcome. In fact, everyone can overcome shyness. (以至于很难看出这是你可以克服的。事实上，每个人都可以克服害羞)”可推知，此处指有些人会因为害羞而感到困惑，认为自己无法克服害羞，作者在下文鼓励大家，告诉读者每个人都可以克服害羞。由此可知，划线词“baffled”意为“使困惑、难住”。故答案为Confused./Difficult for someone to understand. 【60题详解】 主观题，答案不唯一，有理有据即可。参考答案为：If my friend is a shy person, I will encourage him to communicate more with strangers, become confident and overcome shyness. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，上个月你作为学校国际交流团的成员，访问了澳大利亚的一所高中，并参与了为期一周的文化交流活动。现在你已经返回国内，请你代表你校国际交流团，给澳大利亚活动负责人Emma写一封信。内容包括： 1.感谢对方的招待与安排； 2.此行的体验和收获（与当地学生交流、参观名胜古迹等）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Emma, I’m Li Jin from Chenguang Middle School. On behalf of our exchange group, I’m writing to express our sincere thanks for your warm reception and thoughtful arrangements last month. We had an amazing week there. We communicated a lot with local students, sharing our cultures and daily lives. Besides, we visited many places of interest, which helped us know more about Australia. This trip was really rewarding. We hope we can keep in touch and look forward to your visit to our school soon. Yours sincerely, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李津的身份，代表晨光中学国际交流团，写信感谢澳大利亚活动负责人Emma的热情招待，分享本次交流活动的收获，并表达保持联系、期待对方来访的愿望。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 感谢：express thanks for → be grateful for 热情招待：warm reception → warm hospitality 名胜古迹：places of interest → scenic spots 有意义的：rewarding → meaningful 2.句式拓展： 合并句子 原句：We had an amazing week there. We communicated a lot with local students, sharing our cultures and daily lives. 拓展句：We had an amazing week, where we communicated a lot with local students, sharing our cultures and daily lives. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】We communicated a lot with local students, sharing our cultures and daily lives.(运用了现在分词短语作状语) 【高分句型 2】Besides, we visited many places of interest, which helped us know more about Australia.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $