专题05 单项选择（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、固定句型、常用短语及其他） - 【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 单项选择 （定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、固定句型、常用短语及其他） 1. 判断从句的类型，并掌握不同类型从句的结构； 2. 辨析相似结构的从句，并准确选择引导词； 3. 掌握常见的固定句型，不与从句混淆； 考向01 定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句 2026年 1. ________ robots danced with human performers impressed the audience at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：机器人与人类表演者共舞这件事给2026年春节联欢晚会的观众留下了深刻印象。 空处引导主语从句“robots danced with human performers”，从句不缺成分，用引导词That。 2. I still remember my training days ________ I realized the importance of trying new things bravely. A. who B. what C. when D. which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我仍然记得我的培训日子，那时我意识到了勇敢尝试新事物的重要性。 空处引导限制性定语从句“I realized the importance of trying new things bravely”，先行词是my training days，表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。 2025年 1. — What’s your plan for Mother’s Day? — We’ll have a family party ________ theme is “Thank you, Mum.” A. who B. which C. where D. whose 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你母亲节有什么计划？——我们要办一场家庭派对，派对的主题是“谢谢你，妈妈”。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是a family party，关系词和theme是所属关系，应用whose引导。故选D。 2. Little Jim asked her parents ________ to China. A. when would they go B. when they would go C. where would they go D. where they would go 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句。 句意：小吉姆问他的父母他们什么时候去中国。 分析句子可知，空处是宾语从句，必须使用陈述语序。 句中“to China”已经明确了地点，因此引导词用表示时间的when。 故用when they would go既符合陈述语序，引导词也符合语境。 故选B。 2024年 1. We deeply respect our scientists for ________ they have achieved in space exploration. A. that B. what C. how D. who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们深深地敬重我们的科学家，因为他们在太空探索中所取得的成就。 介词for后面接宾语从句。在宾语从句“…they have achieved in space exploration”中，谓语动词achieve缺少宾语，需要一个既能引导从句又能充当宾语的代词。what在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的事物/成就”，符合语法和句意要求。 2. The reason ________ grass is green puzzles the little boy. A. which B. when C. why D. where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：草是绿色的原因让这个小男孩感到困惑。 空处引导定语从句“grass is green”，先行词为The reason，在从句中作原因状语，因此需要使用关系副词why来引导定语从句。 3. — Mom, I believe I will win the competition. — Dear, don’t worry about that. What matters is ________ you enjoy the process. A. who B. which C. whom D. whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我相信我会赢得比赛。——亲爱的，别担心那个。重要的是你是否享受这个过程。 分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句“you enjoy the process”结构完整，不缺主语或宾语；根据句意，此处表示“是否”，whether符合语境。 2023年 1. ________ job you’ll do in the future depends on your choice, your hard work and so on. A. How B. What C. If D. Whether 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句的连接词辨析。句意：你将来会做什么工作取决于你的选择、你的努力等等。A. How怎样（连接副词，作状语）；B. What什么（连接代词，作主宾表）；C. If是否（引导主语从句时不能放句首）；D. Whether是否（连接词，不作任何成分）。分析句子结构可知，从句“... job you’ll do in the future”作了谓语动词“depends on”的主语，这是一个主语从句，从句的谓语动词“do (做，及物动词)”后缺少宾语，要补一个能作宾语的连接词，且表示“什么”。故选B。 2. Sarah admired the skill with ________ her co-worker packed books and big notebooks. A. who B. that C. which D. whom 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：萨拉很欣赏她的同事打包书和大笔记本的技巧。A. who指代人的关系代词（作主宾表）；B. that指代人或事物的关系代词（作主宾表）；C. which指代事物的关系代词（主宾表）；D. whom指代人的关系代词（作宾表）。分析句子结构可知，“with ...her co- worker packed books and big notebooks”是定语从句，先行词“skill (技能)”，表事物，在从句中充当了介词“with”的逻辑宾语，且定从中介词提至关系代词之前时，不用that。故选C。 3. They were wondering ________ the birthday party and I suggested a Sichuan restaurant. A. if they would hold B. where they would hold C. if would they hold D. where would they hold 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词及语序。句意：他们想知道在哪里举办生日派对，我建议他们去一家川菜馆。分析句子可知，设空处考查宾语从句，根据“I suggested a Sichuan restaurant.”可知，此处指想知道举办生日派对的地点，引导词应用where，且宾语从句应用陈述句语序。故选B。 2022年 1. It is reported ________ Gao Tingyu set an Olympic record at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. A. whether B. that C. what D. when 【答案】B 【详解】考查it作形式主语的结构。句意：据悉，高亭宇在北京2022年冬奥会上创造了奥运会纪录。A. whether是否；B. that引导主语从句，无实义；C. how怎样；D. what什么。分析句子结构可知，本句中的“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是“... Gao Tingyu set an Olympic record at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.”，且根据固定结构It is reported that...“据报道”可知，此处用that引导主语从句。故选B。 2. ________ we don’t have classes tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic? A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since 【答案】D 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然我们明天不上课，为什么不出去野餐呢？A. Until直到；B. After在……之后；C. Before在……之前；D. Since既然。根据“why not go out for a picnic?”可知，前句是去野餐的原因，故用since引导原因状语从句。故选D。 3. —Li Ling, could you tell me ________ the new T-shirt? —I bought it in a shop on the Internet. A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句的语序。句意：—李玲，你能告诉我在哪里能买到这件新T恤吗？—我在网上的一家商店买的。分析句子成分可知，could you tell me后面是跟一个宾语从句，宾语从句中应该用陈述句语序，即“主语十谓语”；再根据“I bought it in a store on the Internet. (我在网上的一家商店买的。)”可知，宾语从句要用一般过去时。故选C。 4. Do you know the girl to ________ he is talking? A. whom B. which C. who D. that 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道那个和他在说话的女孩吗？依据句意，to … he is talking这一部分为定语从句，修饰the girl，to属于短语talk to，是介词。所以引导词用宾格，本句引导词表示的是girl，是人物。所以用whom。 故选A。 考向02 主谓一致 2024年 1. —I like collecting stamps. —Me too. Collecting stamps ________ me so much fun. A. give B. is given C. gives D. are given 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：——我喜欢集邮。——我也是。集邮给我带来很多乐趣。根据句中“Collecting stamps”是动名词短语作主语可知，视为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式；同时，“集邮”是主动“给我带来乐趣”，不需要被动语态。故选C。 考向03肯定句、祈使句、疑问句、感叹句 2026年 1. Let’s join in the group discussion, ________? A. shall we B. do you C. shan’t we D. don’t you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：让我们加入小组讨论，好吗？ 陈述部分是以 Let’s 开头的祈使句，反义疑问部分用shall we。 2025年 1. — ________ useful app it is! — Indeed. AI has changed our life. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：——这是一个多么有用的应用程序啊！——的确。人工智能改变了我们的生活。分析句子结构可知，主语是it，谓语动词是is，感叹句中心词是单数名词app，符合此题特征的感叹句的表达方式只有一种：What+ a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语动词！，useful是辅音音素开头的单词，所以用what a。故选C。 2024年 1. — Is it Saturday or Sunday today? — ________. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn’t C. Either is right D. It’s Sunday 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天是星期六还是星期天？——是星期天。 选择疑问句提出两种或两种以上的情况要求对方选择，不能用Yes或No来回答，必须根据实际情况进行回答。“It’s Sunday”符合选择疑问句的回答规则。 2023年 1. —Reading is not challenging, is it? —________. We have to keep thinking while reading. A. No, it is B. No, it isn’t C. Yes, it isn’t D. Yes, it is 【答案】D 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：—阅读没有挑战性，是吗? —不，它有挑战性。我们在阅读时必须不断思考。分析句子结构可知，上文为反意疑问句，在回答反意疑问句时，否定回答No, it isn’ t译为“是的，它不是”，肯定回答Yes, it is译为“不，它是的”。根据下文回答可知，阅读要不断思考，具有挑战性，故此空为肯定回答。故选D。 2022年 1. —David, ________ me a phone call as soon as you arrive at the train station. —OK, Dad. A. give B. gives C. giving D. to give 【答案】A 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：—大卫，你一到火车站就给我打电话。—好的，爸爸。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，基本原则遵循“主祈从现”。空所在的半句为主句，需要填入主要谓语动词，又因为主句部分是祈使句句式，所以应当用动词原形开头。故选A。 考向04强调、倒装 2026年 1. It was these self-driving cars ________ were tested in several cities last month. A. that B. when C. what D. which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：正是这些自动驾驶汽车上个月在几个城市接受了测试。 此处是强调句型。基本结构为It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。被强调部分these self-driving cars是物，连接词用that。 2025年 1. — Only three hours to Beijing? — Yes. New technologies ________ make travel easier and faster. A. do B. does C. have D. has 【答案】A 【详解】考查助动词及强调句和主谓一致。句意：——只有三个小时到北京？——是的。新技术确实使旅行更容易和更快。分析句子结构可知，此处用助动词do /does对谓语动词进行强调，句子主语是“New technologies”，为复数，助动词用原形do。故选A。 2024年 1. It is only through a lot of practice ________ we shall be able to master a skill. A. how B. why C. who D. that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：只有通过大量的练习，我们才能掌握一项技能。 分析句子可知，本句是强调句型：It is /was +被强调部分+ that /who +其他部分。句中被强调的部分是介词短语“only through a lot of practice”，不是指人，因此空格处应填入that。 2023年 1. —I’m sorry I ________ forget to turn off the light last night. —It’s OK. ________ be careful next time. A. did; Do B. do; Do C. did; Does D. do; Does 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调结构。句意：—对不起，我昨晚确实忘记关灯了。—没关系。下次务必要小心。分析句子结构可知，此题考查“助动词do/did/does+动词原形”来强调谓语。上句根据“last night”可知句子为一般过去时，要用“did”来强调谓语；下句是祈使句，可知谓语用动词原形表达，要用“助动词do+动词原形”来强调谓语。故选A。 2022年 1. —I feel a little nervous about the coming interview. —Don’t worry. I ________ believe you can make it. A. do B. does C. did D. done 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调。句意：—我对即将到来的面试感到有点紧张。—别担心。我的确相信你能成功。说话人鼓励对方，“我坚信”或“我绝对相信”，在这种语境下，可以用“助动词do+动词原形”表示强调。故选A。 2. You won’t go to the gym today, ________. A. Nor I will B. Nor will I C. So I will D. So will I 【答案】B 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：你今天不打算去体育馆，我也不去。根据语境可知，此处指“我也不想去”。表示前者的否定情况也适用于后者，用“Neither/Nor十情态动词/系动词/助动词+主语”结构。而“so+情态动词/系动词/助动词+主语”结构表示前者的肯定情况也适用于后者。故选B。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 单项选择 （定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、固定句型、常用短语及其他） 1. 判断从句的类型，并掌握不同类型从句的结构； 2. 辨析相似结构的从句，并准确选择引导词； 3. 掌握常见的固定句型，不与从句混淆； 考向01 定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句 2026年 1. ________ robots danced with human performers impressed the audience at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whom 2. I still remember my training days ________ I realized the importance of trying new things bravely. A. who B. what C. when D. which 2025年 1. — What’s your plan for Mother’s Day? — We’ll have a family party ________ theme is “Thank you, Mum.” A. who B. which C. where D. whose 2. Little Jim asked her parents ________ to China. A. when would they go B. when they would go C. where would they go D. where they would go 2024年 1. We deeply respect our scientists for ________ they have achieved in space exploration. A. that B. what C. how D. who 2. The reason ________ grass is green puzzles the little boy. A. which B. when C. why D. where 3. — Mom, I believe I will win the competition. — Dear, don’t worry about that. What matters is ________ you enjoy the process. A. who B. which C. whom D. whether 2023年 1. ________ job you’ll do in the future depends on your choice, your hard work and so on. A. How B. What C. If D. Whether 2. Sarah admired the skill with ________ her co-worker packed books and big notebooks. A. who B. that C. which D. whom 3. They were wondering ________ the birthday party and I suggested a Sichuan restaurant. A. if they would hold B. where they would hold C. if would they hold D. where would they hold 2022年 1. It is reported ________ Gao Tingyu set an Olympic record at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. A. whether B. that C. what D. when 2. ________ we don’t have classes tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic? A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since 3. —Li Ling, could you tell me ________ the new T-shirt? —I bought it in a shop on the Internet. A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy 4. Do you know the girl to ________ he is talking? A. whom B. which C. who D. that 考向02 主谓一致 2024年 1. —I like collecting stamps. —Me too. Collecting stamps ________ me so much fun. A. give B. is given C. gives D. are given 考向03肯定句、祈使句、疑问句、感叹句 2026年 1. Let’s join in the group discussion, ________? A. shall we B. do you C. shan’t we D. don’t you 2025年 1. — ________ useful app it is! — Indeed. AI has changed our life. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 2024年 1. — Is it Saturday or Sunday today? — ________. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn’t C. Either is right D. It’s Sunday 2023年 1. —Reading is not challenging, is it? —________. We have to keep thinking while reading. A. No, it is B. No, it isn’t C. Yes, it isn’t D. Yes, it is 2022年 1. —David, ________ me a phone call as soon as you arrive at the train station. —OK, Dad. A. give B. gives C. giving D. to give 考向04强调、倒装 2026年 1. It was these self-driving cars ________ were tested in several cities last month. A. that B. when C. what D. which 2025年 1. — Only three hours to Beijing? — Yes. New technologies ________ make travel easier and faster. A. do B. does C. have D. has 2024年 1. It is only through a lot of practice ________ we shall be able to master a skill. A. how B. why C. who D. that 2023年 1. —I’m sorry I ________ forget to turn off the light last night. —It’s OK. ________ be careful next time. A. did; Do B. do; Do C. did; Does D. do; Does 2022年 1. —I feel a little nervous about the coming interview. —Don’t worry. I ________ believe you can make it. A. do B. does C. did D. done 2. You won’t go to the gym today, ________. A. Nor I will B. Nor will I C. So I will D. So will I ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $