专题04 单项选择（动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词） - 【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题04 单项选择（动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握非谓语动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2026年 1. — Professor, how can I learn more about traditional Chinese medicine? — Good. We ________ about it right now. A. talked B. had talked C. have talked D. are going to talk 2. Learning about different cultures ________ people understand and respect each other better. A. help B. helps C. is helped D. are helped 2025年 1. Mr. Brown ________ slowly along a narrow road when he saw a wild duck. A. is walking B. was walking C. walks D. has walked 2. Yuan Longping ________ as one of the role models of the times. A. considers B. considered C. had considered D. is considered 2024年 1. Once he ________ a job, he won’t stop until it’s finished. A. starts B. started C. is started D. will start 2. A new VR lab ________ in our school next year. A. will build B. will be built C. has built D. has been built 2023年 1. —I ________ to the new museum last Sunday. —Good. I ________ it three times. A. will go; visit B. went; have visited C. went; was visiting D. has gone; will visit 2. It ________ that the story was written by a 9-year-old boy. A. believed B. is believing C. is believed D. has believed 2022年 1. —Li Ming, could you come and help me in the garden, please? —Sorry, Mom. I ________ Lucy with her Chinese now. A. help B. helped C. am helping D. have helped 2. By the end of yesterday, we ________ over 1,000 e-mails from all over the world. A. receive B. were received C. have received D. had received 3. These books should ________ to the library on time. A. return B. returned C. be returned D. have returned 考向02 非谓语动词 2026年 1. — What’s your idea of “mom’s flavor”? — To me, it’s a meal ________ with love and care. A. cook B. cooks C. cooked D. cooking 2. — I must hand in my career planning paper before 10 o’clock tonight. Don’t forget ________ me. — All right. A. remind B. to remind C. reminded D. reminding 2025年 1. A good way to make yourself ________ is to treat others with respect. A. respected B. respect C. respecting D. respects 2. ________Jiaozi during the Spring Festival is a traditional Custom in northern China. A. Eat B. Eating C. Eaten D. Eats 3. Farmers use natural waste from animals ________ the air, water, soil and crops free of chemicals. A. keep B. keeps C. to keep D. kept 2024年 1. — Your painting is great! — Thank you. There still is a long way ________, but I am making progress. A. go B. going C. to go D. to going 2023年 1. We managed to persuade him ________ our creative project on new energy vehicles. A. join B. joined C. joining D. to join 2022年 1. We believe all countries can work together ________ a community with a shared future for mankind. A. build B. builds C. built D. to build ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题04 单项选择（动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握非谓语动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2026年 1. — Professor, how can I learn more about traditional Chinese medicine? — Good. We ________ about it right now. A. talked B. had talked C. have talked D. are going to talk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——教授，我怎样才能更多了解中医？——很好。我们现在就来聊聊它。 根据上文“how can I learn more about traditional Chinese medicine?”以及下文“right now”可知，此处表示马上将要进行的动作，用一般将来时are going to talk符合语境。 2. Learning about different cultures ________ people understand and respect each other better. A. help B. helps C. is helped D. are helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：了解不同的文化有助于人们更好地理解和尊重彼此。 主语Learning about different cultures是动名词短语，视为第三人称单数，且主语与谓语之间是主动关系，应用helps。 2025年 1. Mr. Brown ________ slowly along a narrow road when he saw a wild duck. A. is walking B. was walking C. walks D. has walked 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：布朗先生正在一条狭窄的路上缓慢行走，突然看到一只野鸭。根据“when he saw a wild duck.”可知，此处是“be doing ... when ...结构”，表示“正在做……这时……”，由saw可知，从句时态是一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，结构为“was /were +现在分词”。故选B。 2. Yuan Longping ________ as one of the role models of the times. A. considers B. considered C. had considered D. is considered 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：袁隆平被认为是时代楷模之一。根据句意可知，此处表示“袁隆平被认为是时代的模范之一”，consider和主语Yuan Longping之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，其结构为“be+动词的过去分词”。故选D。 2024年 1. Once he ________ a job, he won’t stop until it’s finished. A. starts B. started C. is started D. will start 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一旦他开始一项工作，就会一直干到完成为止，绝不会半途而废。该句为Once“一旦”引导的条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，主语用了一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表将来，主语为he，从句谓语用单三形式。故选A。 2. A new VR lab ________ in our school next year. A. will build B. will be built C. has built D. has been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：明年我们学校将建一个新的VR实验室。 主语“A new VR lab”是动词build的承受者，两者为被动关系，需用被动语态；结合时间状语next year可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be +过去分词”。 2023年 1. —I ________ to the new museum last Sunday. —Good. I ________ it three times. A. will go; visit B. went; have visited C. went; was visiting D. has gone; will visit 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：—我上星期天去了新博物馆。—好。我已经去过三次了。根据标志词“last Sunday”可知，上文句子是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，第一空填“went”；根据标志词“three times”可知，下文句子是现在完成时，现在完成时的构成是“have/has+过去分词”，第二空填“have visited”。故选B。 2. It ________ that the story was written by a 9-year-old boy. A. believed B. is believing C. is believed D. has believed 【答案】C 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：人们相信这个故事是一个9岁的男孩写的。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，主语与believed“相信”之间是被动关系，被动语态为“be+过去分词”。故选C。 2022年 1. —Li Ming, could you come and help me in the garden, please? —Sorry, Mom. I ________ Lucy with her Chinese now. A. help B. helped C. am helping D. have helped 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：—李明，你能来花园帮我吗？—对不起，妈妈。我现在正帮助Lucy学习汉语。根据“Li Ming, could you come and help me in the garden, please?”可知妈妈要Li Ming现在就去，而根据“Sorry, Mom.”可知Li Ming现在不能去，妈妈请求帮忙的这个时间点他正帮Lucy，所以要用现在进行时，故选C。  2. By the end of yesterday, we ________ over 1,000 e-mails from all over the world. A. receive B. were received C. have received D. had received 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：截至昨天年底，我们收到了来自世界各地的1000多封电子邮件。“by the end of yesterday”是过去完成时的标志时间状语，过去完成时的构成是“had + 过去分词”，“receive”的过去分词是“received”，所以这里用“had received”。故选D。 3. These books should ________ to the library on time. A. return B. returned C. be returned D. have returned 【答案】C 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这些书应该准时送到图书馆。根据句意可知，主语These books与return为被动关系，应用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故选C。 考向02 非谓语动词 2026年 1. — What’s your idea of “mom’s flavor”? — To me, it’s a meal ________ with love and care. A. cook B. cooks C. cooked D. cooking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你对“妈妈的味道”有什么看法？——对我来说，它是一顿用爱和关怀烹饪出的饭菜。 名词meal与动词cook之间是被动关系，使用过去分词cooked作定语修饰前面的名词meal。 2. — I must hand in my career planning paper before 10 o’clock tonight. Don’t forget ________ me. — All right. A. remind B. to remind C. reminded D. reminding 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我必须在今晚10点前上交我的职业规划论文。别忘了提醒我。——好的。 forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事”，表示动作尚未发生；forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”，表示动作已经发生。根据句意可知，提醒这件事还未做，使用不定式to remind。 2025年 1. A good way to make yourself ________ is to treat others with respect. A. respected B. respect C. respecting D. respects 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让你自己获得他人尊重的好方法，就是尊重他人。固定结构make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语，宾语yourself和动词respect是被动关系（“你被尊重”），所以需要用过去分词表被动，因此选respected。故选A。 2. ________Jiaozi during the Spring Festival is a traditional Custom in northern China. A. Eat B. Eating C. Eaten D. Eats 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：春节期间吃饺子是中国北方的一个传统习俗。根据句子结构可知，此处需要作句子主语，动词原形、过去分词和动词第三人称单数均不能作主语，动名词可以作主语表示“做某事”这一行为，故用Eating。故选B。 3. Farmers use natural waste from animals ________ the air, water, soil and crops free of chemicals. A. keep B. keeps C. to keep D. kept 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：农民使用动物的天然肥料来保持空气、水、土壤和农作物不含化学物质。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词use，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语，表示使用动物天然肥料的目的。故选C。 2024年 1. — Your painting is great! — Thank you. There still is a long way ________, but I am making progress. A. go B. going C. to go D. to going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的画太棒了！——谢谢。还有很长的路要走，但我正在取得进步。 分析句子结构可知，空格处需填非谓语动词修饰“a long way”。固定搭配“a long way to go”意为“还有很长的路要走”，不定式to go作后置定语。 2023年 1. We managed to persuade him ________ our creative project on new energy vehicles. A. join B. joined C. joining D. to join 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们设法说服他加入我们关于新能源汽车的创意项目。短语结构“persuade sb + into doing/ to do (说服某人做某事)”中，介宾短语“into doing”和不定式“to do”都能作补语，选项中不定式符合此结构。故选D。 2022年 1. We believe all countries can work together ________ a community with a shared future for mankind. A. build B. builds C. built D. to build 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们相信，各国可以共同努力，共同构建人类命运共同体。分析句子可知，“build a community with a shared future for mankind”是“work together”的目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $