专题02 单项选择（名词、形容词、副词、数词） - 【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题02 单项选择（名词、形容词、副词、数词） 1. 掌握常见单词的一词多义（高频考点）； 2. 掌握单词不同词性间的转换；掌握形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法。 3. 从词根判断词性，用排除法推测正确答案； 4. 根据句子语境和关键词推断词义。 考向01 名词 2026年 1. Inside the space station, there is fresh air, clean water and special equipment for scientific ________. A. research B. resume C. silence D. sense 2025年 1. —Do you think Jane is the right person for the job? —Certainly. I have complete ________ in her. A. concert B. confidence C. convenience D. conference 2024年 1. The ________ of booking tickets is that you may get better seats. A. audience B. advantage C. amount D. avenue 2. — What guarantee can you offer? — If it doesn’t work, you are given the ________ of a refund or a repair. A. choice B. career C. courage D. concert 2023年 1. I went to several libraries to gather ________ about the subject. A. information B. invitation C. invoice D. instrument 2. Our company focuses on bringing high ________ products into markets. A. quality B. quantity C. activity D. amount 2022年 1. I want to take this ________ to show respect for staff. A. opportunity B. habit C. question D. price 考向02 形容词 2026年 1. China is making great efforts to promote ________ agriculture. A. false B. equal C. obvious D. sustainable 2. In primary schools, pupils have ________ homework and ________ outdoor activities than before. A. less; less B. less; more C. fewer; more D. fewer; fewer 3. — You’re such a frequent visitor to our school library. — Yes. I am ________ reading here quietly. A. kind of B. full of C. afraid of D. fond of 2025年 1. — Mr. Black, shall we meet at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning? — I’m afraid I won’t be ________ then. A. alike B. available C. automatic D. annual 2024年 1. — Wish you a ________ journey. — Thank you very much. A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure 2. — Would it be ________ for me to pick you up here at four o’clock this afternoon? — Yes, that would be fine. A. curious B. crowded C. convenient D. complicated 2023年 1. —What do you think of your school? —It’s great. The campus is nice and the students are very ________. A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendship 2. —I am ________ they won the football match. —That’s not ________ because they were fully prepared. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprising C. surprised; surprised D. surprising; surprised 2022年 1. Young people are encouraged to take an ________ part in sports. A. act B. active C. action D. activity 考向03 副词 2026年 1. Now it’s common for farmers to sell local produce ________ to customers through online platforms. A. lively B. lovely C. relatively D. directly 2025年 1. — Have you visited the Science Museum in country life? — Of course. It is ________ smarter than the Art Museum. A. many B. more C. a lot of D. a lot 2024年 1. Our village is very beautiful with millions of flowers, ________ in April and May. A. usefully B. helpfully C. especially D. financially 2023年 1. The instructions are printed so small that I can ________ read them. A. heavily B. hardly C. loudly D. lonely 考向04 数词 2025年 1. China was France’s ________ second largest trading partner in Asia and ________ largest globally last year. A. /; seven B. the; seven C. /; seventh D. the; seventh 2024年 1. The planet Jupiter (木星) gives off ________ as much heat from inside as it receives from the Sun. A. two B. twice C. second D. the second ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【山东省春季高考】五年（2022-2026）英语真题分类汇编 专题02 单项选择（名词、形容词、副词、数词） 1. 掌握常见单词的一词多义（高频考点）； 2. 掌握单词不同词性间的转换；掌握形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法。 3. 从词根判断词性，用排除法推测正确答案； 4. 根据句子语境和关键词推断词义。 考向01 名词 2026年 1. Inside the space station, there is fresh air, clean water and special equipment for scientific ________. A. research B. resume C. silence D. sense 【答案】A 【详解】句意：空间站内部有新鲜空气、洁净的水以及用于科学研究的特殊设备。 research研究；resume简历；silence安静；sense感觉。根据上文“special equipment for scientific”可知，空处表示科学研究，research符合句意。 2025年 1. —Do you think Jane is the right person for the job? —Certainly. I have complete ________ in her. A. concert B. confidence C. convenience D. conference 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：——你认为简是这份工作的合适人选吗？——当然。我完全信任她。A. concert音乐会；B. confidence信心，信任；C. convenience便利；D. conference会议。根据“Certainly”可知，此处表达对简的信任，“have confidence in sb”是固定搭配，意为“信任某人”。故选B。 2024年 1. The ________ of booking tickets is that you may get better seats. A. audience B. advantage C. amount D. avenue 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：订票的好处是你可以得到更好的座位。A. audience观众；B. advantage好处，优势；C. amount数量；D. avenue大街。根据句意可知，能选到更好的座位是订票的优势所在。故选B。 2. — What guarantee can you offer? — If it doesn’t work, you are given the ________ of a refund or a repair. A. choice B. career C. courage D. concert 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：——你能保证什么？——如果不能用，你可以选择退款或修理。A. choice选择；B. career职业；C. courage胆量；D. concert音乐会。根据a refund or a repair可知，退款或维修是两种选择。故选A。 2023年 1. I went to several libraries to gather ________ about the subject. A. information B. invitation C. invoice D. instrument 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我去了几家图书馆搜集有关这个主题的信息。A. information信息；B. invitation邀请；C. invoice发票；D. instrument器具。根据gather及about the subject可知，此处是指收集这个主题相关的信息。故选A。 2. Our company focuses on bringing high ________ products into markets. A. quality B. quantity C. activity D. amount 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们公司致力于向市场提供高质量的产品。A. quality质量；B. quantity数量；C. activity活动；D. amount数量。短语high quality意为“高质量（的）”，此处指“高质量的产品”，符合语境。故选A。 2022年 1. I want to take this ________ to show respect for staff. A. opportunity B. habit C. question D. price 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配与名词辨析。句意：我想抓住这个机会来表示对员工的尊重。A. opportunity机会；B. habit习惯；C. question问题；D. price价格。take this opportunity to do sth. 抓住这个机会做某事，是固定搭配。故选A。 考向02 形容词 2026年 1. China is making great efforts to promote ________ agriculture. A. false B. equal C. obvious D. sustainable 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国正大力推进可持续农业发展。 false错误的；equal平等的；obvious明显的；sustainable可持续的。根据“making great efforts to promote agriculture”可知，中国大力推进的是可持续农业，故用sustainable。 2. In primary schools, pupils have ________ homework and ________ outdoor activities than before. A. less; less B. less; more C. fewer; more D. fewer; fewer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在小学，学生们的作业比以前更少，户外活动比以前更多。 less更少（修饰不可数名词）；more更多；fewer更少（修饰可数名词复数）。homework是不可数名词，用less修饰；outdoor activities是可数名词复数，且根据常识可知，学生们的户外活动比以前更多了，用more。 3. — You’re such a frequent visitor to our school library. — Yes. I am ________ reading here quietly. A. kind of B. full of C. afraid of D. fond of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你是我们学校图书馆的常客。——是的，我喜欢在这里安静地看书。 kind of有点；full of充满；afraid of害怕；fond of喜欢。根据“You’re such a frequent visitor to our school library”可知，经常来图书馆是因为喜爱阅读，故用fond of。 2025年 1. — Mr. Black, shall we meet at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning? — I’m afraid I won’t be ________ then. A. alike B. available C. automatic D. annual 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——布莱克先生，我们明天上午10点见面好吗？——恐怕那时我没空。A. alike相像的；B. available有空的，可获得的；C. automatic自动的；D. annual年度的。根据问句“shall we meet at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning”可知，此处是回应是否有空，故用available。故选B。 2024年 1. — Wish you a ________ journey. — Thank you very much. A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——祝你旅途愉快。——非常感谢。 please请/使高兴； pleased高兴的；pleasant令人愉快的； pleasure(愉快)。空格处需要一个形容词作定语来修饰后面的名词journey。pleased通常用来修饰人，表示“（人感到）高兴的”；pleasant通常用来修饰事物，表示“令人愉快的”。此处表示“令人愉快的旅途”，用pleasant。 2. — Would it be ________ for me to pick you up here at four o’clock this afternoon? — Yes, that would be fine. A. curious B. crowded C. convenient D. complicated 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今天下午四点我在这里接你方便吗？——好的，没问题。 curious好奇的；crowded拥挤的；convenient方便的；complicated复杂的。根据答语“Yes, that would be fine.”可知，此处询问的是时间安排是否方便，句型“It is convenient for sb. to do sth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是方便的”。用convenient。 2023年 1. —What do you think of your school? —It’s great. The campus is nice and the students are very ________. A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendship 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：—你认为你的学校怎么样？—很棒。校园很好，同学们很友好。A. friend朋友；B. friends朋友；C. friendly友好的；D. friendship友谊。根据并列连词and前面的nice可知，空格处也用形容词，表示同学们是友好的。故选C项。 2. —I am ________ they won the football match. —That’s not ________ because they were fully prepared. A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprising C. surprised; surprised D. surprising; surprised 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：—我很惊讶他们竟然赢了足球比赛。—那并不惊奇，因为他们准备充分。surprised感到惊讶，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，惊奇的，修饰物。根据句意，第一空表示“感到惊讶的”，形容人的感受，用surprised；第二空表示“令人惊奇的”，形容事物用surprising。故选A。 2022年 1. Young people are encouraged to take an ________ part in sports. A. act B. active C. action D. activity 【答案】B 【详解】考查词性辨析。句意：鼓励年轻人积极参加体育运动。A. act名词“行为”；B. active形容词“活跃的”；C. action 名词 “行动”；D. activity 名词“活动”。依据题意空格处需要修饰名词part，应该用形容词。故选B。 考向03 副词 2026年 1. Now it’s common for farmers to sell local produce ________ to customers through online platforms. A. lively B. lovely C. relatively D. directly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在农民通过线上平台直接把当地农产品卖给顾客是很常见的。 lively活泼的；lovely可爱的；relatively相对地；directly直接地。根据“sell local produce … to customers through online platforms”可知，农民通过网络平台直接售卖农产品，故用directly。 2025年 1. — Have you visited the Science Museum in country life? — Of course. It is ________ smarter than the Art Museum. A. many B. more C. a lot of D. a lot 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词短语。句意：——你参观过乡村生活科学博物馆吗？——当然。它比艺术博物馆要智能得多。A. many许多，修饰可数名词复数；B. more更多，比较级；C. a lot of许多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；D. a lot很多，修饰形容词或副词比较级。根据空后比较级“smarter”可知，此处应用a lot修饰比较级smarter。故选D。 2024年 1. Our village is very beautiful with millions of flowers, ________ in April and May. A. usefully B. helpfully C. especially D. financially 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的村庄非常美丽，有数百万朵花，尤其是在四月和五月。 usefully有用地；helpfully有帮助地；especially尤其；financially经济上。根据“in April and May”可知，此处用于强调特定的时间段，表示“尤其是在四月和五月”，用especially。 2023年 1. The instructions are printed so small that I can ________ read them. A. heavily B. hardly C. loudly D. lonely 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：说明书印得太小了，我几乎看不清。A. heavily在很大程度上；B. hardly几乎不；C. loudly大声地；D. lonely孤单的。根据上文的“so small”及下文的“read them”可知，这里是指字印得小，以至于看不清，hardly为否定含义，符合句意。故选B。 考向04 数词 2025年 1. China was France’s ________ second largest trading partner in Asia and ________ largest globally last year. A. /; seven B. the; seven C. /; seventh D. the; seventh 【答案】C 【详解】考查序数词和冠词。句意：去年，中国是法国在亚洲的第二大贸易伙伴和全球第七大贸易伙伴。seven：七 ，基数词；seventh：第七，序数词。第一空，序数词second前面有名词所有格France’s修饰，不需要使用定冠词the，所以第一空不填；第二空，表达“第几……”，需要用序数词，此处表示“全球第七大贸易伙伴”。故选C。 2024年 1. The planet Jupiter (木星) gives off ________ as much heat from inside as it receives from the Sun. A. two B. twice C. second D. the second 【答案】B 【详解】考查倍数。句意：木星从内部释放出的热量是它从太阳接收热量的两倍。A. two二；B. twice两倍；两次；C. second第二；D. the second：第二（强调特定的顺序）。根据句中“as much ... as”结构表示同级比较，这里是在说木星内部释放热量和从太阳接收热量的倍数关系，“twice”表示“两倍”，符合语境。故选B。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $