专题05 阅读理解（记叙文）（专项训练）（江苏专用）2027年春季高考英语

专题05 阅读理解记叙文 内容导航 01 方法总结・技巧提炼 1 02 题型探究・深度突破 1 03 分层训练・达标过关 3 巩固过关 3 能力提升............................................................................................................................................................ 17 阅读理解记叙文大多围绕人物经历、成长故事、温情事件展开，传递善意、坚持、感恩、自我突破等正向主题。从叙事脉络来看，文章一般遵循“背景引入—事件发展—矛盾冲突—结局感悟”的叙事流程。从解题思维上，可以分为两大类：一类是事实细节题，依托原文情节线索，直接定位信息作答；另一类是情感推断、主旨感悟题，需要结合人物动作、语言、心理描写去体会背后的情感与道理。两类题型的共同点在于，所有判断都要紧扣故事线索和人物情绪变化，不能脱离情节主观臆想。总而言之，读懂记叙文关键是理清故事发展线、抓住人物情感变化线，两条线索互相印证，能够快速避开主观脑补类干扰选项，提升答题准确率。 该题型以叙事语篇理解为核心，重点考查情节梳理、人物情绪、写作意图、故事寓意的把握。表面上考查词句理解，实际上是以故事为载体，综合考查学生梳理事件顺序、捕捉描写细节、揣摩人物心理、挖掘故事深层内涵的能力。 01 情节细节题 ① 圈画题干中的人物、时间、事件关键词，回到原文定位对应情节区域，留意叙事顺序，部分记叙文会使用倒叙、插叙，不要被打乱的时间线误导。 ② 对照选项和原文语句，重点识别同义替换表达，区分原文实写内容和作者的想象评价，警惕偷换动作、改变事件因果的选项。 ③ 核对选项，排除无中生有、颠倒先后顺序、混淆不同人物行为的干扰项，保证选项描述和原文情节完全对应。 02 人物心理/情感变化题 ① 定位描写人物动作、神态、语言的句子，抓取带有感情色彩的形容词、副词，梳理人物在不同阶段的情绪转变。 ② 分清故事里不同角色的感受，不要把旁观者、其他配角的情绪当成主人公的心理，重点关注转折之后的情绪变化。 ③ 验证选项情感走向，贴合故事冲突、结局带来的改变，避免选择和原文情绪基调相悖、程度过重的答案。 03 推断隐含意义题 ① 看清题干标志词infer/imply等，记住原文直接写明的内容不属于推断答案，需要从人物的行为选择里挖掘背后的想法。 ② 结合上下文的故事背景、矛盾处境推导，每一步推断都要有原文情节作为支撑，不能凭生活经验过度脑补。 ③ 优先选择贴合故事主题、符合人物性格的结论，排除极端化、脱离故事主线的选项。 04 主旨与故事寓意题 ① 梳理故事的起因、经过、结果，重点关注结尾段的感悟、评价句，记叙文的主旨往往藏在故事收尾的抒情议论里。 ② 区分“故事讲了什么事”和“这个故事想告诉我们什么道理”，寓意题不能只概括表层情节。 ③ 排除只概括片段情节、道理拔高过度、和故事情感内核偏离的选项，正确答案兼顾事件和正向启示。 05 写作目的题 ① 结合记叙文类型判断意图：温情故事重在传递美好情感，成长故事重在启发读者反思，人物传记类重在展现人物品质。 ② 区分表层情节描述和作者写作初衷，不要把“写了一件什么事”当成写作目的。 ③ 优先选择体现情感传递、品质赞美、人生启发的选项，避开单纯复述故事细节的片面选项。 06 词义/句义猜测题（记叙文高频） ① 定位划线词句，结合当时的场景、人物所处的处境去理解，不要只套用单词的基础释义。 ② 利用前后的动作描写、对话、情绪词，判断这个词在当下语境里的褒贬色彩。 ③ 代入原文通读，检验是否符合人物当下的心境、故事发展的氛围，逻辑通顺才成立。 巩固过关 （26-27高二上·江苏南京·阶段检测）I was 10 years old when I was caught in a lie. I stubbornly refused to admit breaking a window in Harold Colby’s barn, though my parents knew perfectly well that I had done it. In those days in the little town of Pultneyville, New York, a broken window was a big deal, and I was overcome with pain, trapped in fear of serious trouble. I suspected my parents had told Uncle Jim, whom I admired deeply and always turned to for comfort. One afternoon, I rode beside him in his dark-green old car after he returned from the store with paper bags of groceries. I stole quick glances at him, nervous and waiting for scolding. I could see a soft, amused smile at the corner of his mouth. “Telling the truth is always easier,” he said out of the blue. He took his eyes off the road for a second and grinned. “So it’s perfect for lazybones like you and me.” I swallowed hard, watching mailboxes and wild grass slide past. But that was all. No lecture, no long moral talk. He simply kept driving quietly, letting me sort out my tangled thoughts. Later that evening, I went to my parents and admitted I broke the window. I apologised and offered to work to pay for the damage. I expected heavy punishment. To my surprise, they praised my courage to tell the truth. Many years have passed, yet Uncle Jim’s simple lesson stays fresh in my mind. Most adults at that time would shout or lecture a kid who lied. But Uncle Jim knew shame and pressure rarely change a person. He gave me gentle trust instead. He let me reach the right conclusion by myself. That small moment shaped how I see honesty. Honesty is not just avoiding punishment. It frees you from the heavy weight of hiding secrets. Whenever I face a choice between truth and convenience, I still hear his quiet words: telling the truth is easier. 17．Why was the boy overcome with pain in the beginning? A．He was afraid of getting into trouble. B．He was not allowed to visit the barn. C．He was blamed for breaking the window. D．He was forced to repair the broken window alone. 18．What does the underlined phrase “out of the blue” in paragraph 2 mean? A．With an angry look. B．In a sad voice. C．In an unexpected way. D．With careful preparation. 19．Which words can best describe Uncle Jim? A．Strict and patient. B．Humorous and wise. C．Caring and determined. D．Easy-going and talkative. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Terrible Lie I Once Told. B．A Broken Window in The Barn. C．A Secret Hidden in My Childhood. D．A Valuable Lesson From Uncle Jim. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文讲述作者十岁时打碎谷仓窗户并撒谎，吉姆叔叔没有严厉说教，只用一句简单的话引导作者主动承认错误，这件事让作者学到了关于诚实的宝贵道理。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“In those days in the little town of Pultneyville, New York, a broken window was a big deal, and I was overcome with pain, trapped in fear of serious trouble. (在那时纽约的普尔特尼维尔小镇，打碎窗户是一件大事，我痛苦万分，深陷会惹上大麻烦的恐惧之中。)”可知，男孩一开始内心痛苦是因为害怕陷入麻烦。 18．词句猜测题。根据第二段“I stole quick glances at him, nervous and waiting for scolding. I could see a soft, amused smile at the corner of his mouth. “Telling the truth is always easier,” he said out of the blue. (我偷偷瞟他，紧张地等着挨骂。我看到他嘴角带着温和又好笑的笑意。他____说道：“讲真话总会更容易。”)”可知，作者本在等待责骂，叔叔突然说出这句话，out of the blue表示出乎意料地。 19．推理判断题。根据第二段“So it’s perfect for lazybones like you and me. (所以这很适合你我这样的懒人。)”以及第五段“Most adults at that time would shout or lecture a kid who lied. But Uncle Jim knew shame and pressure rarely change a person. He gave me gentle trust instead. (当时大多数成年人会呵斥、说教撒谎的孩子，但吉姆叔叔知道羞耻和压力很难改变一个人，他给予我温和的信任。)”可知，吉姆叔叔说话幽默，并且懂得引导孩子，充满智慧。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕吉姆叔叔给予作者的人生教诲展开，这次经历深刻影响了作者对诚实的理解，因此最佳标题为D“来自吉姆叔叔的宝贵一课”。 （26-27高二上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）Beatrice De Lavalette developed a passion for horse-riding when she turned 3. However, in the spring of 2016, 17-year-old De Lavalette was waiting for a flight when she got hit by a bombing at Brussels airport. Along with serious burns, De Lavalette lost both legs below the knee. Yet she said if it weren’t for the event, she wouldn’t be the person to join in the Paralympic Games (残奥会) in Tokyo. Getting back in the saddle (马鞍) was no easy work because of her injuries. However, five months after the bombing, thanks to her courage, determination and further treatment and training — that’s exactly where she was. “I had no muscle, I was just skin and bones, so being back on the saddle with no sense of balance was really uncomfortable. But with time, I was able to build up the muscle and work on my balance,” she said. Unsurprisingly, De Lavalette was depressed as she tried to come to make peace with her injuries. She got lots of help and encouragement from her family, friends and the doctors, but she still couldn’t pick herself up. She cried a lot in the hospital until an unexpected visitor, her beloved horse, DeeDee, turned things around for her. “DeeDee saved my life,” Beatrice said. Adjusting to her disabled body was, in many ways, like having to learn to ride all over again. And the Paralympics offered a perfect chance to show her hard-earned skills.“I can’t change what happened, but I can still achieve my dream. As I have said many times, I was in the wrong place at the wrong time. What else is there to say? There are no ‘What ifs’. I have a new life in front of me,” Beatrice said, “What’s important is that I’m alive and I feel that I will do something great with my life.” We’d say that she already has. 21．What happened to Beatrice when she was 17? A．She picked up horse-riding skills. B．She survived a plane crash accident. C．She was badly hurt in a bomb attack. D．She took part in the Tokyo Paralympics. 22．What played a key role in helping Beatrice back to riding? A．The affection from her parents. B．The company of her horse DeeDee. C．The medical care given by physicians. D．The encouragement offered by her friends. 23．What was Beatrice’s difficulty in training? A．Loss of balance. B．Lack of friendship. C．Great physical pains. D．Continuous depression. 24．What can we learn from Beatrice’s words in the last paragraph? A．Time can cure all wounds. B．Constant efforts bring rewards. C．One’s mind-set matters greatly. D．Failure is the mother of success. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．A 24．C 【导语】文章讲述了Beatrice在17岁遭遇爆炸不幸截肢，在爱马的陪伴下走出低谷，克服困难重新骑马，以积极心态追逐残奥会梦想。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, in the spring of 2016, 17-year-old De Lavalette was waiting for a flight when she got hit by a bombing at Brussels airport. Along with serious burns, De Lavalette lost both legs below the knee.(然而在2016年春天，17岁的De Lavalette正在候机时，布鲁塞尔机场发生爆炸，她被波及。除了严重烧伤，她双膝以下双腿截肢。)”可知，Beatrice在爆炸袭击中严重受伤。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段“She cried a lot in the hospital until an unexpected visitor, her beloved horse, DeeDee, turned things around for her. “DeeDee saved my life,” Beatrice said.(她在医院里常常哭泣，直到一位意外访客——她心爱的马DeeDee，改变了一切。Beatrice说：“DeeDee救了我的人生。”)”可知，她的马DeeDee的陪伴在帮助她重返马术运动这件事上起到关键作用。 23．细节理解题。根据第二段“I had no muscle, I was just skin and bones, so being back on the saddle with no sense of balance was really uncomfortable.(我没有肌肉，瘦得只剩皮包骨，所以回到马鞍上，没有平衡感，真的很不舒服。)”可知，她训练时的困难是失去平衡感。 24．推理判断题。根据第三段“I can’t change what happened, but I can still achieve my dream. As I have said many times, I was in the wrong place at the wrong time. What else is there to say? There are no ‘What ifs’. I have a new life in front of me.(我无法改变已经发生的事，但我仍然可以实现我的梦想。正如我多次所说，我只是在错误的时间出现在错误的地点。还有什么好说的？没有那么多“假如”。我的面前是全新的人生。)”可知，Beatrice坦然面对不幸，积极看待人生，说明心态十分重要。 （26-27高二上·江苏连云港·阶段检测）A graduate of London’s best law school, William was regarded by many in his field as one of the best lawyers (律师) in London. Few people would have guessed that William loved to write poetry in his spare time. William’s passion (热爱) for this hobby began when, one day in a bookshop, he came across a small book of poems that had mistakenly been put in the law section. Reading it, William admired how the author had expressed so much with just a few carefully selected words and then wondered if he himself could develop a similar talent. From childhood, William had always thrown himself into things. So, he soon read the major works of all the great British poets and became familiar with many of Europe’s most famous poets, too. He had a particular admiration for Shakespeare and the German poet Goethe, but his favourite poet was the Irishman William Butler Yeats — the man that he had been named after, his mother proudly reminded him. So, almost from the day that he was first inspired, William had begun writing poems of his own. He did not know if he had any real talent, but he did know that the words flowed both easily and quickly from his pen. He enjoyed putting words together in a way that suggested different meanings — partly because this was exactly the opposite of what he was required to do as a lawyer. He had no name for the collection of poems that he had written and collected over the years. He simply referred to them all as “The Book”. The name, of course, clearly revealed his subconscious (潜意识的) desire that his poems would one day be published. But he had neither the confidence in his own abilities to approach a publisher, nor the desire to read a bad review if the critics did not like his work. William’s wife would often remind him, in that gentle way of hers, that he was old enough now not to care what others thought of him or to avoid doing something simply because he thought he might fail. 25．Why did William appreciate the poetry in the bookshop? A．He himself had written poetry too. B．He liked how the words were used. C．It reminded him of a forgotten hobby. D．It gave him a break from studying law. 26．Which of the following can best describe William? A．Easy-going. B．Ambitious. C．One who lacks willpower. D．One who goes all out. 27．Why did William call his collection of poems “The Book”? A．He hadn’t yet found a good name for it. B．He was advised to do so by a publisher. C．He secretly wanted them to be published. D．He had already written enough to fill an entire book. 28．What do we know about William’s wife? A．She encouraged him to believe in himself. B．She thought that he did not value her opinion. C．She didn’t think he should try to publish his poems. D．She seemed to be the only one who liked his poetry. 【答案】25．B 26．D 27．C 28．A 【导语】文章讲述了伦敦知名律师William偶然在书店爱上诗歌，开始大量阅读并坚持写诗，但是缺乏勇气投稿出版，他的妻子温柔地鼓励他勇敢尝试。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段“Reading it, William admired how the author had expressed so much with just a few carefully selected words and then wondered if he himself could develop a similar talent.(读着这本诗集，William很欣赏作者只用寥寥几个精心挑选的文字就表达出丰富内涵，然后他想知道自己是否也能拥有这样的才能。)”可知，William欣赏这本书里的诗歌是因为他喜欢书中文字的运用方式。 26．推理判断题。根据第二段“From childhood, William had always thrown himself into things. So, he soon read the major works of all the great British poets and became familiar with many of Europe’s most famous poets, too.(从小时候起，William做事情总是全身心投入。于是，他很快读完了所有英国伟大诗人的主要作品，也熟悉了许多欧洲最著名的诗人。)”可知，William是一个做事全力以赴的人。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“He simply referred to them all as ‘The Book’. The name, of course, clearly revealed his subconscious (潜意识的) desire that his poems would one day be published.(他干脆把所有诗作叫做‘这本书’。当然，这个名字清楚地暴露了他潜意识里的愿望：自己的诗作有一天能够出版。)”可知，把诗集命名为“The Book”是因为他内心暗暗渴望诗作可以被出版。 28．推理判断题。根据第五段“William’s wife would often remind him, in that gentle way of hers, that he was old enough now not to care what others thought of him or to avoid doing something simply because he thought he might fail.(William的妻子常常以她温柔的方式提醒他：他现在这个年纪已经足以不用在意别人对他的看法，也不用仅仅因为害怕可能失败就不去做一件事。)”可知，妻子在鼓励他建立自信、勇敢行动。 （26-27高二上·江苏南京·阶段检测）It was thirty years ago. In my family we were two children, one employed adult, and Christmas was coming. My parents were managing, but only just, and they had started preparing us for a simpler Christmas. So they told me, their 5-year-old daughter, well in advance that Santa Claus had received so many letters that winter that he had run out of presents. Santa is generous, they explained, but Santa is not bottomless. Everybody knew, of course, that Santa did not actually manufacture (大量生产) the gifts. He bought them, like anyone else. For a 5-year-old, this was a disaster. But children often have an unnerving ability to solve problems before the adults around them notice. I went to my room, found old toys, and wrapped them carefully. One for my mother, one for my father, one for each of my grandparents, and some for myself and my brother. By the morning, I had become, in my own mind, the hero of Christmas. There would be presents under the tree. There would be the best part of Christmas, the opening. I had solved the first money problem of my life and brought joy to my family. The ending was happier than I expected. Santa, it turned out, had found gifts for the young family after all. The old toys were quietly returned to my bedroom. And yet, that Christmas has stayed with me my whole life. It is a memory about adapting to something a child has a hard time understanding. It is also a memory about something common, the kind of relative shortage and insecurity that exists in many families. That memory, and the dozens that followed, quietly built a way of thinking I never noticed I had. I came to believe that whether we had plenty of money or just about enough, we would manage, and our problems would be temporary. 29．Why did the author’s parents mention Santa Claus in advance? A．To encourage her to share presents. B．To explain their financial difficulties. C．To introduce how Santa Claus worked. D．To lower her expectations for Christmas. 30．What does the underlined word “unnerving” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Limited. B．Incredible. C．Insufficient. D．Trained. 31．Which of the following best describes the author as a kid? A．Curious and patient. B．Honest and sensitive. C．Creative and generous. D．Reliable and determined. 32．What influence did that Christmas memory have on the author? A．It helped her accept family insecurity. B．It increased her love for Christmas gifts. C．It taught her to avoid money-related troubles. D．It helped her form a positive view of hard times. 【答案】29．D 30．B 31．C 32．D 【导语】文章讲述了三十年前家里经济紧张，父母提前告诉年幼的作者圣诞节礼物会变少，小女孩自己找出旧玩具包装成礼物；最后圣诞老人还是带来了礼物，这段经历让作者懂得困难只是暂时的，养成了乐观面对困境的心态。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段“My parents were managing, but only just, and they had started preparing us for a simpler Christmas.(我的父母勉强维持生计，他们开始让我们做好过一个简朴圣诞节的心理准备)”以及第二段“So they told me, their 5-year-old daughter, well in advance that Santa Claus had received so many letters that winter that he had run out of presents.(于是他们提前告诉我这个五岁的女儿，那个冬天圣诞老人收到太多信件，礼物已经用光了)”可知，父母提前提起圣诞老人是为了降低孩子对圣诞节的期待。 30．词句猜测题。根据第三段“But children often have an unnerving ability to solve problems before the adults around them notice.(但孩子常常拥有一种惊人的能力，能在身边大人察觉之前就想出解决办法)”以及后文小女孩自己找出旧玩具包装成礼物的举动可知，unnerving此处含义是令人吃惊的、不可思议的，和incredible同义。 31．推理判断题。根据第三段“I went to my room, found old toys, and wrapped them carefully. One for my mother, one for my father, one for each of my grandparents, and some for myself and my brother. By the morning, I had become, in my own mind, the hero of Christmas. There would be presents under the tree. There would be the best part of Christmas, the opening. I had solved the first money problem of my life and brought joy to my family.(我跑回自己房间，找出旧玩具，仔细地包好。一份给妈妈，一份给爸爸，爷爷奶奶每人一份，还有几份留给我自己和弟弟。到第二天早上，在我心里，我已经成了圣诞节的小英雄。树下会有礼物，还会有圣诞节最美好的环节——拆礼物。我解决了人生第一个缺钱难题，给家里带来了快乐)”可知，小时候的作者很有想法、愿意主动为家人付出，富有创造力且大方。 32．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That memory, and the dozens that followed, quietly built a way of thinking I never noticed I had. I came to believe that whether we had plenty of money or just about enough, we would manage, and our problems would be temporary.(那段记忆以及之后许多类似的经历，悄悄塑造了我不曾察觉的思维方式。我慢慢相信，无论我们家境宽裕还是勉强糊口，我们都能撑过去，困难只是暂时的)”可知，这段圣诞回忆帮助她形成了面对困境的积极心态。 （26-27高二上·江苏南通·阶段检测）For over three decades, 57-year-old Wu Jianjiang has served as a cultural relic restorer in Tianshi Township, Xianju County, Zhejiang Province. With precision and quiet dedication, he has dedicated his life to repairing broken artifacts and paintings, and preserving faded manuscripts (手稿). However, Wu once walked a different path. During the nationwide martial arts fever of the 1980s, 16-year-old Wu left home to train at various centers. By 27, he’d become a recognized martial arts instructor in the city. Yet a quiet crossroad appeared. “Studying martial arts gradually drew me closer to traditional culture,” Wu recalled. “I realized that back in my hometown, unlike martial arts, the preservation of cultural relics was an ignored tradition needing urgent attention. So I decided to return to the countryside.” Supported by his father, Wu stepped into an unfamiliar world. Through a friend, Wu met Qian Lixin, a master of painting and calligraphy, who accepted Wu as his last formal student. Years of study and hands-on practice followed, and nearly thirty years on, he has restored over 300 works, ranging from Ming and Qing dynasty paintings to rare modern calligraphy and ancient manuscripts. Realizing preservation required education and innovation, Wu founded a mounting and restoration institute in Tianshi Township in 2014, which expanded into an academy three years later, taking on greater responsibilities in training, preservation, and public engagement. To date, over 1,300 students have been trained under Wu. In April, 2025, a group of 25 international students at Zhejiang University, coming from over ten countries, visited Wu’s academy. Inside the workshop, Wu demonstrated the complicated steps of mounting and restoring Chinese paintings, each movement carrying a rhythm that left visitors in awe. “What moved me most is the Chinese artisan’s deep respect for materials and his extraordinary patience with time,” said Federico, a student from Italy. “That’s the human spirit we’re missing in the industrial age.” Wu said, “To me, restoration is more than a craft. It’s a handover of history and a dialogue with ancestors. It’s about repairing what was broken, preserving what was fading, and passing forward what once seemed lost.” 33．What initially motivated Wu Jianjiang to switch his career? A．His father’s massive influence. B．A declining love of martial arts. C．An offer from a famous master. D．A sense of cultural responsibility. 34．What does the expansion of Wu’s institute indicate? A．His growing international effect. B．The rising value of ancient artworks. C．The increasing scale of his mission. D．A higher demand for public participation. 35．What deeply impressed Federico? A．The artisan’s spiritual devotion to the restoration work. B．The delicate skills in restoration operations. C．The patience with the restoration materials. D．The complexity of the restoration procedures. 36．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Wu’s great talent for restoration. B．Wu’s interpretation of restoration. C．Wu’s strong passion for restoration. D．Wu’s achievements in restoration. 【答案】33．D 34．C 35．A 36．B 【导语】文章讲述文物修复师吴建江放弃武术教练的职业，投身文物修复事业，创办研究院培养人才，向外国留学生展示中国文物修复技艺，并阐述他对文物修复内涵的理解。 33．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I realized that back in my hometown, unlike martial arts, the preservation of cultural relics was an ignored tradition needing urgent attention. So I decided to return to the countryside.(我意识到在家乡，与武术不同，文物保护是一项被忽视、亟待关注的传统。于是我决定回到乡下)”可推知，是文化责任感促使他转行。 34．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Realizing preservation required education and innovation, Wu founded a mounting and restoration institute in Tianshi Township in 2014, which expanded into an academy three years later, taking on greater responsibilities in training, preservation, and public engagement.(意识到保护需要教育和创新，2014年吴建江在天石乡创办装裱修复研究院，三年后扩建为学院，在人才培养、文物保护和公众推广方面承担更大责任)”可推知，研究院的扩建代表他所肩负使命的规模扩大。 35．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“What moved me most is the Chinese artisan’s deep respect for materials and his extraordinary patience with time,” said Federico, a student from Italy.(“最打动我的是中国匠人对材料深深的敬畏，以及对时光非同一般的耐心，”来自意大利的学生Federico说)”可推知，匠人对修复工作的精神坚守深深打动了Federico。 36．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“To me, restoration is more than a craft. It’s a handover of history and a dialogue with ancestors.(对我来说，修复不仅仅是一门手艺。它是历史的传承，是与先人的对话)”可推知，本段是吴建江对文物修复的理解与阐释。 （25-26高二上·江苏连云港·期中）In the countryside, a married couple faced a moral difficult situation. Their dog, which usually wandered freely on their acre of land, had killed their neighbor’s prize ferret (雪貂), Alastair. The dog appeared from the bushes with the ferret in its mouth. The couple did not know the neighbor well. They discovered he kept ferrets only when they saw his message on a local WhatsApp group, reporting Alastair’s escape and asking for help. The couple was now in a troubling situation. What should they do? They spent two stressful hours at their kitchen table, considering their options. The immediate instinct (本能) might be to hide the evidence. One could bury the ferret, send a supportive message to the neighbor, and pretend to know nothing. This seems easier than facing an unpleasant truth. However, the couple made an extraordinary decision. They courageously called the neighbor and confessed (坦白) everything. Surprisingly, the neighbor was very warm and considerate. He said he should have caged the ferret and understood that dogs naturally chase small animals like ferrets. The story compares the two possible paths: honesty versus concealment. While covering up might avoid short-term discomfort, it often leads to long-term guilt and anxiety. A cover-up, especially involving a neighbor, could create a constant, heavy burden. The couple’s experience suggests that honesty, while difficult initially, is finally the better policy. It solves the situation cleanly and protects one’s peace of mind. The story concludes by asking the reader to reflect on what they would do in such a situation, suggesting that many people might still instinctively choose to hide the truth, despite the benefits of being honest. 37．What was the couple’s reaction after seeing the message? A．They felt too scared to do anything. B．They immediately informed the neighbor. C．They hid the evidence without hesitation. D．They discussed how to deal with the situation. 38．What was the neighbor’s attitude to the couple’s confession? A．Ignorant. B．Critical. C．Understanding. D．Grateful. 39．What does the underlined word “concealment” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Resistance. B．Hiding. C．Apology. D．Revealing. 40．What can we learn from the passage? A．Never keep ferrets as pets. B．Look before you leap. C．Keep an eye on your pets. D．Show your honest quality. 【答案】37．D 38．C 39．B 40．D 【导语】文章讲述了一对夫妇的狗咬死了邻居的雪貂，他们经过内心挣扎后选择坦诚相告，最终获得邻居谅解的故事，说明了诚实虽然艰难但却是更好的选择。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They spent two stressful hours at their kitchen table, considering their options.(他们在厨房餐桌旁度过了紧张的两个小时，思考着自己的选择。)”可知，这对夫妇在看到消息后讨论如何处理这个情况。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Surprisingly, the neighbor was very warm and considerate. He said he should have caged the ferret and understood that dogs naturally chase small animals like ferrets.(令人惊讶的是，邻居非常热情和体贴。他说他本应该把雪貂关在笼子里，并且理解狗天生会追逐像雪貂这样的小动物。)”可知，邻居对他们的坦白持理解的态度。 39．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“The story compares the two possible paths: honesty versus concealment. While covering up might avoid short-term discomfort, it often leads to long-term guilt and anxiety. (这个故事比较了两种可能的路径：诚实与“concealment”。虽然掩盖可能避免短期的不适，但它往往会导致长期的内疚和焦虑。)”可知，此处比较了两种可能的路径，由此可知，concealment与honesty含义相反，和cover up表意一致，意为“隐瞒、藏匿”。 40．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The couple’s experience suggests that honesty, while difficult initially, is finally the better policy.(这对夫妇的经历表明，诚实虽然起初艰难，但最终是更好的策略。)”可知，文章借故事论证诚实的可贵，由此可知，文章旨在告诉我们要展现诚实的品质。 （25-26高二下·江苏徐州·期中）That morning, after taking our oldest child to kindergarten, I went back home, let our two younger kids play, and worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn’t making a difference in anyone’s life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately. Monday morning, I grabbed the phone and rang the number I’d found via Google for the nearest Department of Children’s Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps. Five months after our approval, a middle-of-the-night phone call woke me. I aroused my husband and we hurried to East Tennessee Children’s Hospital, where our foster placement awaited us in the ER, ill and malnourished. It didn’t take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care. On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children’s lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren’t going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children. 41．How did the author feel about her hospital work? A．Unusually demanding. B．Filled with challenges. C．Lacking in motivation. D．Packed with chances. 42．What caused the author to choose to adopt children? A．She experienced training to raise children properly. B．She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew C．She felt confident about her ability to raise children. D．She desired to have a positive impact on others’ lives. 43．How did the author receive her first foster child? A．The child was brought to her home by a social worker. B．She got a midnight call and rushed to a hospital ER. C．She picked the child up from a kindergarten. D．The child’s half-brother introduced them. 44．Why did the author appear at the courtroom? A．To make the adoption officially legal. B．To receive another adopted child. C．To put the adopted kids elsewhere. D．To begin the kids’ adoption in her home. 【答案】41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者因感觉医院工作缺乏动力而选择成为领养母亲，最终成功领养两个孩子的故事。 41．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn’t making a difference in anyone’s life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow.(这很棒，但我突然意识到，我在医院的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。我需要一些能拓展我的极限、推动我成长的东西)”可知，作者觉得医院的工作缺乏动力。 42．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.(我需要一些能拓展我的极限、推动我成长的东西。我的职业使我能在家工作，成为一名养母，为一个迫切需要安全的孩子提供安全)”可知，作者渴望对别人的生活产生积极影响，所以选择领养孩子。 43．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Five months after our approval, a middle-of-the-night phone call woke me. I aroused my husband and we hurried to East Tennessee Children’s Hospital, where our foster placement awaited us in the ER, ill and malnourished.(批准五个月后，一个半夜的电话吵醒了我。我叫醒丈夫，我们匆匆赶到东田纳西儿童医院，我们的寄养孩子在急诊室等着我们，病得很重，营养不良)”可知，作者半夜接到电话，然后匆忙赶到医院急诊室，接收了她的第一个寄养孩子。 44．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children’s lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.(2016年8月12日，我们一家七口走进一个小法庭。孩子们的律师和社会工作者也在那里。只说了几句话，我们的收养就完成了)”可知，作者出现在法庭是为了使收养正式合法化。 （25-26高二下·江苏苏州·期中）It’s a familiar tale these days: A Canadian quits their exhausting day job to pursue a dream, like opening a coffee shop, and finds freedom and joy. My story is similar, with a twist. It begins in 2016, during the last semester of my philosophy undergraduate, when I decided to become a writer after being inspired by modern and classic works I was reading. I earned a journalism master’s degree from New York University and worked at Toronto Life magazine. I had some success, interviewing important figures and even writing for The New York Times. But behind the scenes, I was constantly stressed and struggling to make rent. Then things changed. Last summer, a friend invited me to coach a small group of 11-year-old volleyball players. I always loved volleyball but had pushed it aside because I thought it couldn’t be a career. I jumped at the chance. Every morning, I trained the kids on passing, setting and serving. I had gone from interviewing people to playing volleyball with kids in the park. Surprisingly, I felt alive again. Volleyball reawakened a spirit of playfulness in me. I didn’t have to sit behind a computer all day. The parents paid me fairly and on time, and my work could not be replaced by artificial intelligence. So I went all in. I found gym space, started running my own clinics and created an organization called Super Volley. Things are going decently well so far. Like many small businesses, I’m at the mercy of a rising cost of living, a harsh economy and consumers who might devote their Saturdays to something else. But I’ll keep going because this volleyball thing rewards me in ways that go well beyond money or journalistic fame. 45．Why does the author mention “a familiar tale” at the beginning? A．To criticize people who give up stable jobs. B．To suggest that opening a coffee shop is a good idea. C．To introduce his own story of going after what he loves. D．To warn readers not to follow others’ dream blindly. 46．What was the problem with the author’s writing career? A．He didn’t have a chance to do meaningful work. B．He had no interest in interviewing public figures. C．He felt journalism was less serious than philosophy. D．He was under great pressure and financially troubled. 47．What is the advantage of the author’s new career according to paragraph 4? A．It allows him to make a large fortune. B．It cannot be replaced by technology. C．It offers more social opportunities. D．It brings him more fame and public attention. 48．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author is still unsure if coaching can be a long-term career. B．The author is realistic and finds deep fulfillment in what he does. C．The author occasionally regrets leaving his previous writing career. D．The author is confident that his volleyball business will expand soon. 【答案】45．C 46．D 47．B 48．B 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作者曾从事新闻写作，压力大且经济拮据。后来转行担任少儿排球教练，重拾热爱，虽面临现实经营压力，却收获了远超名利的精神满足。 45．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s a familiar tale these days: A Canadian quits their exhausting day job to pursue a dream, like opening a coffee shop, and finds freedom and joy. My story is similar, with a twist.( 如今这样的故事屡见不鲜：一位加拿大人辞去繁重的工作，去追求自己的梦想，比如开一家咖啡店，从而获得了自由和快乐。我的故事也是如此，但其中有个不同之处。)”可知，作者用大众熟悉的叙事作为引子，目的是引出自己放弃写作、追求自己热爱之事的经历。 46．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had some success, interviewing important figures and even writing for The New York Times. But behind the scenes, I was constantly stressed and struggling to make rent.( 我取得了一些成就，采访了重要人物，甚至还为《纽约时报》撰稿。但私下里，我总是压力重重，难以支付房租。)”可知，作者写作生涯面临的两大核心问题：精神压力和经济困境。 47．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The parents paid me fairly and on time, and my work could not be replaced by artificial intelligence. So I went all in. I found gym space, started running my own clinics and created an organization called Super Volley.( 家长们支付的报酬合理且及时，而且我的工作无法被人工智能所取代。所以我就全力以赴了。我找到了健身场地，开办了自己的训练班，并创立了一个名为“超级排球”的组织。)”可知，作者的新职业的优势是它无法被技术所取代。 48．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Things are going decently well so far. Like many small businesses, I’m at the mercy of a rising cost of living, a harsh economy and consumers who might devote their Saturdays to something else. But I’ll keep going because this volleyball thing rewards me in ways that go well beyond money or journalistic fame.( 目前一切进展得还算顺利。和许多小企业一样，我深受生活成本上涨、经济形势严峻以及消费者可能会把周六的时间花在其他事情上等因素的影响。但我还是会继续下去，因为这项排球事业给我带来的回报远不止金钱或新闻界的声誉。)”可推知，从最后一段可以得出作者既务实，又在新事业中获得了深刻的精神满足。 能力提升 （26-27高三上·江苏南通·阶段检测）I was in terrible pain last week when I could hardly turn my head. My neck and shoulders were extremely painful and my head was locked. I walked into this tui na clinic right by where I am staying and was willing to let anyone massage (按摩) my neck. In walked Wu Shifu. I was head down on the table and before I even spoke, he said, “You have a problem with your vertebra (脊椎),” pointing to my C7. “It is completely locked. Your qi is not flowing. You are in pain all over.” He started massaging my neck, shoulders and head, pulling my neck and my arms in such a way that it was painful but good. He later asked me to sit up and moved on to adjusting my C7. That was scary. The thought of “Would he break my neck?” repeatedly crossed my mind when he did his things, which included using my own body weight to stretch my back, kneeling on my back to apply pressure to my vertebrae and pulling my head up using a towel. All seemed very scary and risky to me. But I didn’t say a word from beginning to end because it felt right and good. The Chinese word for beautiful is piao liang; the literal translation is pretty for piao and bright for liang. This man said to me, “You may be pretty but you are not liang because your qi is not flowing and not brightening your face.” It shook me — and made me question everything I thought I knew about what “looking good” really means. I was loosened and felt so much better afterwards. I was a puppet (木偶) with messy strings before I saw Wu Shifu. Afterwards, I could walk and turn, and I felt I was flexible again. I wish I could bring him back home with me to New York. I take my hat off to all Chinese masters for their devotion to this medicine! 49．How did Wu identify the author’s C7 problem? A．By talking with her. B．By reading her body. C．By pulling her arms. D．By massaging her neck. 50．Why did the author keep silent during her C7 treatment? A．She felt too scared. B．She was asked to do so. C．She was in too much pain. D．She trusted Wu’s methods. 51．What did the author say about Wu’s explanation of piao liang? A．It raised her awareness of her health. B．It overturned her standard for beauty. C．It made her ashamed about her figure. D．It expanded her knowledge of Chinese. 52．Which word best describes the author’s overall experience? A．Eventful. B．Frightening. C．Transformative. D．Embarrassing. 【答案】49．B 50．D 51．B 52．C 【导语】文章主要讲述作者接受吴师傅推拿治疗颈椎，对中式美的认知发生改变。 49．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was head down on the table and before I even spoke, he said, “You have a problem with your vertebra (脊椎),” pointing to my C7. “It is completely locked. Your qi is not flowing. You are in pain all over.”(我趴在理疗床上，还没开口，他就指着我的第七节颈椎说：“你的脊椎有问题。它完全卡住了。你的气不通，浑身疼痛。”)”可知，作者还没有说话，吴师傅通过观察、触诊她的身体判断出颈椎问题，即通过读懂身体状况来诊断。 50．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I didn’t say a word from beginning to end because it felt right and good.(但我自始至终一言不发，因为整个过程感觉是妥当且有效的。)”可知，作者信任吴师傅的疗法。 51．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It shook me — and made me question everything I thought I knew about what “looking good” really means.(这番话震撼了我，让我开始质疑自己过去对于“好看”含义的全部认知。)”可知，说明吴师傅对“漂亮”的解读颠覆了作者原有的审美标准。 52．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It shook me — and made me question everything I thought I knew about what “looking good” really means.(这番话震撼了我，让我开始质疑自己过去对于“好看”含义的全部认知。)”以及最后一段中的“I was loosened and felt so much better afterwards. I was a puppet (木偶) with messy strings before I saw Wu Shifu. Afterwards, I could walk and turn, and I felt I was flexible again.(治疗后我身体放松，舒服很多。见到吴师傅前，我就像线乱糟糟的木偶；治疗之后，我能够行走转头，身体重获灵活。)”可知，不仅身体得到恢复，审美观念也发生改变，这次经历带来身心巨大转变。“Transformative带来重大改变的”最能描述作者的整体感受。 （26-27高三上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Dale Sanders has always loved walking. When he was young, he often hiked in the mountains near his home, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful views. As the years passed, walking became more than a hobby — it became a way of life for him. In 2017, Sanders completed the Appalachian Trail, a 2,193-mile walking route that runs through the eastern United States. He became the oldest person ever to finish the whole trail, a record that made him very proud. However, his joy did not last long, for four years later, his good friend, who was 83 at that time, finished the same trail and broke Sanders’ record, a fact that came as a great shock to him. Instead of feeling upset, Sanders decided to fight back. He began a careful training plan that lasted six months. Every morning, he got up early and walked for hours, carrying a heavy bag on his back to build up his strength. He also climbed hills again and again, determined to prepare his body for the hard journey that lay ahead, no matter how challenging it might prove to be. Finally, in 2026, at the age of 91, Sanders set out on the trail once more. The journey was not easy. He faced hot weather, heavy rain and steep mountains along the way. There were moments when he felt so tired that he wanted to give up, but every time the thought of stopping crossed his mind, he reminded himself of the goal he had set and the promise he had made to himself, and so he kept going. After months of walking, Sanders finally reached the end of the trail. He had done it — he had reclaimed the record as the oldest person to complete the Appalachian Trail. When people asked him how he felt, he said with a smile, “Even today, I feel that I should probably be in better shape than I am. But I just have to always go back and say, ‘but I am 91’.” 53．What do we know about Sanders’ record in 2017? A．He set it at the age of 82. B．His good friend broke it that year. C．He kept it for nine years. D．He finished the trail in six months. 54．Why did Sanders begin his training plan? A．To keep himself healthy. B．To help his old friend. C．To enjoy beautiful views. D．To win back his record. 55．What kind of person is Dale Sanders? A．He is helpful and competitive. B．He is determined and courageous. C．He is friendly and humorous. D．He is confident and conservative. 56．What does the author want to tell us through Sanders’ story? A．Hard work guarantees final success. B．Friendship inspires personal growth. C．Age is no barrier to achieving goals. D．Records are meant to be kept forever. 【答案】53．A 54．D 55．B 56．C 【导语】本文讲述了戴尔・桑德斯酷爱徒步，好友打破他的徒步纪录后，他坚持训练，91岁再度挑战步道，成功夺回纪录的励志故事。 53．细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2017, Sanders completed the Appalachian Trail (2017年，桑德斯走完了阿巴拉契亚步道。)”以及第四段“Finally, in 2026, at the age of 91, Sanders set out on the trail once more. (最终在2026 年，91岁的桑德斯再次踏上这条步道。)”可知，2017年他创下该纪录时82岁。 54．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead of feeling upset, Sanders decided to fight back. He began a careful training plan that lasted six months. (桑德斯没有沮丧，而是决定反击。他开启了为期六个月的周密训练计划。)”以及第五段“He had done it — he had reclaimed the record as the oldest person to complete the Appalachian Trail. (他做到了——他重新夺回“完成阿巴拉契亚步道年龄最大者”的纪录。)”可知，他制定训练计划是为赢回属于自己的纪录。 55．推理判断题。根据第三段“Every morning, he got up early and walked for hours, carrying a heavy bag on his back to build up his strength. He also climbed hills again and again, determined to prepare his body for the hard journey that lay ahead (每天清晨，他早早起床，背起沉重的背包行走数小时，以增强体能。他还反复爬山，决心为即将到来的艰难旅程做好身体准备)”以及第四段“There were moments when he felt so tired that he wanted to give up, but every time the thought of stopping crossed his mind, he reminded himself of the goal he had set and the promise he had made to himself, and so he kept going. (有时他感到极度疲惫，甚至想要放弃，但每当想到停下脚步时，他都会提醒自己当初设定的目标和对自身的承诺，于是他坚持继续前行。)”可知，他意志坚定、勇敢无畏。 56．推理判断题。根据第四段“Finally, in 2026, at the age of 91, Sanders set out on the trail once more. (最终在2026 年，91岁的桑德斯再次踏上这条步道。)”以及第五段“He had done it — he had reclaimed the record as the oldest person to complete the Appalachian Trail. (他做到了——他重新夺回“完成阿巴拉契亚步道年龄最大者”的纪录。)”可知，文章意在说明年龄并非实现目标的阻碍。 （26-27高三上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）The message came by email on a Friday. “Do you remember me?” wrote the sender. Our first meeting: Jan.25, 1990. I was exercising when the terrible news came: Avianca flight 052, a Boeing 707 from Bogota, Colombia, to New York City had crashed on Long Island’s North Shore. Soon the phone rang. It was the hospital: They had declared an emergency and needed me right now. At the hospital, I joined 200 other health-care providers. It was in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) that I met Andrea, an 8-year-old girl with serious injuries. When we visited her, she seemed to be asleep, but as we began to move away, she opened her eyes. “May I ask a question, please?” she asked me in a low voice. “Yes,” I answered instantly. “Am I going to die?” “No.” “May I go to sleep?” “Yes.” Her mother and brother had died in the crash; her father had survived, but he felt unable to go on. I said nothing and just led him to Andrea’s unit. “She needs you.” The father sobbed and nodded. Soon he needed to travel to Colombia to bury his wife and son. During his weeks of absence, I visited Andrea three times daily: before work, after work and at midday. An index card with my name and phone numbers sat at her bedside. When she saw me coming, she would call out my name — “Fornari!” After six weeks, Andrea’s injuries eventually healed. She and her father returned home to Colombia. Nine years later, they visited New York City, and we had a reunion. The 17-year-old young lady shared her desire to become a child psychiatrist like me; she wanted to help and support children the way I had done. In the following years, I thought of her often. And each Jan. 25, I reflected on my experiences with the survivors and their families. In 2010, the 20th anniversary services took place. A generation later, survivors once more thanked their rescuers, and families once again gathered to mourn their lost loved ones. And now here was Andrea’s email, asking whether I remembered her. Absolutely! 57．What can be “our first meeting” regarded as? A．A training class for doctors. B．A pre-planned meeting. C．A lucky escape from the plane crash. D．The start of a special bond. 58．How did Andrea feel when she talked to the author? A．Curious and eager to be alive. B．Lucky but sad about the death of her loved ones. C．Terrified and uncertain about her survival. D．Dependent but confused about the author’s words. 59．What was the deepest impact the author had on Andrea probably? A．Andrea relied on the author for comfort. B．Andrea sent emails to the author regularly. C．Andrea made contributions to each anniversary. D．Andrea wanted to follow in the author’s footsteps. 60．What can be the best title of the text? A．How could I forget? B．What could we remember? C．What did the crash leave behind? D．Why did I choose the career? 【答案】57．D 58．C 59．D 60．A 【导语】文章主要讲述作者在空难救援中结识女孩Andrea，二人结下深厚情谊，多年后收到对方邮件的感人故事。 57．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was in the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)that I met Andrea, an 8-year-old girl with serious injuries.(我是在儿科重症监护室遇见Andrea的，一个身受重伤的八岁小女孩。)”以及后文二人长久的牵挂与重逢可知，这次初见是一段特殊情谊的开端。 58．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“May I ask a question, please?(请问我可以问一个问题吗？)”以及第六段中的“Am I going to die?(我会死吗？)”可知，Andrea内心恐惧，不确定自己能否活下来。 59．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“The 17-year-old young lady shared her desire to become a child psychiatrist like me; she wanted to help and support children the way I had done.(这位17岁的姑娘说她想要成为像我一样的儿童精神病医生，想像我一样帮助和支持孩子们。)”可知，作者对Andrea最深的影响是她立志追随作者的脚步。 60．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是首段“The message came by email on a Friday. “Do you remember me?” wrote the sender.(这条消息在一个周五通过电子邮件发来。“你还记得我吗？”发件人写道。)”可知，Andrea发来邮件问作者是否还记得她，结合文末“Absolutely!”可知，文章围绕多年后收到Andrea的邮件展开，表达作者永远不会忘记这个女孩，所以“我怎么会忘呢？”最适合作为标题。 （26-27高三上·江苏·阶段检测）Clyde W. Tombaugh was once a farm boy from Kansas, but he became the man forever linked to Pluto (冥王星). In 1930, while working at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona, he spotted a faint moving dot in the sky. That tiny speck was Pluto. It wasn’t a dramatic flash of light, but the result of slow, patient work by a young man who knew the heavens well. After his great discovery, life went on. Tombaugh didn’t stay in the spotlight. Instead, he settled in Las Cruces, New Mexico. From 1955 until his retirement in 1973, he taught astronomy at New Mexico State University. He was not just a famous astronomer; he was a husband, a father, and a teacher who helped students look up at the stars with wonder. He was known as a down-to-earth person with a great sense of humor. Tombaugh passed away in 1997. However, his story didn’t end there. Space stories often take the long route. On January 19, 2006, NASA launched the New Horizons spacecraft toward Pluto. Tucked inside was a small container holding some of Tombaugh’s ashes. He was finally going back to the world he had discovered. The inscription (碑文) on the spacecraft was special. It didn’t just list his professional titles. It called him “Adelle and Muron’s boy, Patricia’s husband, Annette and Alden’s father.” Then, with a touch of humor that his family loved, it added: “punster and friend.” This detail turned a cold scientific mission into something warm and personal, like a note slipped into a lunch bag. On July 14, 2015, after traveling more than 3 billion miles, New Horizons finally flew past Pluto. For the scientists, it was a successful mission. But for Tombaugh’s family, it was a sweet celebration. They watched as a part of their loved one completed the longest odyssey. Clyde Tombaugh spent his life helping others understand the night sky. In the end, a piece of him traveled outward too, returning to the little world that carried his name into history. What began as a boy’s wonder under the Kansas sky had never really left him, even when the circle is 3 billion miles wide. 61．What can we learn about Tombaugh’s discovery of Pluto? A．It was made almost during a sudden flash. B．It was far from a single lucky moment. C．It was the work of a team of scientists. D．It was the result of a single observation. 62．What kind of person do you think of Tombaugh as? A．A talented scientist who lived a lonely life. B．A gifted man who stayed warm and modest. C．A humorous teacher who demanded a lot. D．A proud discoverer who valued his fame. 63．What does the underlined word “odyssey” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．route B．wait C．delay D．journey 64．What message does the text mainly convey? A．Hard work always pays off in the end. B．Family support is the key to success. C．A lifelong passion can come full circle. D．Science needs both patience and luck. 【答案】61．B 62．B 63．D 64．C 【导语】本文讲述了天文学家汤博发现冥王星后始终保持谦逊平实的生活态度，最终他的骨灰随探测飞船抵达冥王星，让年少时就怀揣的星空热爱跨越三十多亿英里完成了一场圆满的轮回之旅。 61．细节理解题。根据第一段“It wasn’t a dramatic flash of light, but the result of slow, patient work by a young man who knew the heavens well.(这并非一道耀眼的闪光，而是一位熟知星空的年轻人长期耐心工作的成果)”可知，汤博发现冥王星并非偶然的幸运瞬间，而是长期潜心研究的结果。 62．推理判断题。根据第二段“Tombaugh didn’t stay in the spotlight. Instead, he settled in Las Cruces, New Mexico. From 1955 until his retirement in 1973, he taught astronomy at New Mexico State University. He was not just a famous astronomer; he was a husband, a father, and a teacher who helped students look up at the stars with wonder. He was known as a down-to-earth person with a great sense of humor.(汤博并没有一直处于聚光灯下。相反，他定居在新墨西哥州的拉斯克鲁塞斯。从1955年到1973年退休，他在新墨西哥州立大学教授天文学。他不仅仅是一位著名的天文学家；他是一位丈夫、一位父亲，也是一位帮助学生们带着惊奇仰望星空的老师。他以脚踏实地、幽默感强而闻名。)”可知，汤博做出重大发现后没有留在聚光灯下，是个接地气、有幽默感的人，同时他既是知名天文学家，也拥有温暖的家庭生活，还作为老师引导学生，由此可推测出，他是一位有天赋却始终保持温和谦逊、富有温情的人。 63．词句猜测题。根据第五段“On July 14, 2015, after traveling more than 3 billion miles, New Horizons finally flew past Pluto...They watched as a part of their loved one completed the longest odyssey.(2015年7月14日，在航行超过30亿英里后，新视野号最终飞掠冥王星……他们看着这位挚爱之人的一部分完成了这场最漫长的odyssey)”可知，此处指代的是跨越三十亿英里的漫长太空旅程。 64．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“What began as a boy’s wonder under the Kansas sky had never really left him, even when the circle is 3 billion miles wide.(始于堪萨斯天空下一个男孩的好奇的初心从未真正离开他，即便这场跨越三十亿英里的旅程形成了圆满的闭环)”可知，汤博从小怀揣对星空的好奇，毕生研究天文，最终他的骨灰跨越30亿英里抵达自己发现的冥王星，年少时的热爱最终完成了圆满的闭环，文章传递的信息是毕生的热爱最终会兜兜转转回到起点、完成圆满的轮回。 （26-27高三上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）At 39, Joey Thames made a brave decision to leave his finance background behind and pursue nursing — a calling that had quietly stayed in his mind for years. Uncertainty held him back, as it does for many non-traditional students, so rather than diving into a costly program blindly, he chose a cautious first step. In the summer of 2023, he signed up for a short CNA course at Tulsa Tech to test the waters. That initial step led to rapid progress. After completing his CNA, Thames set his sights on the LPN program, overcoming his initial struggles with the math entrance exam through weeks of focused study. Over the next year, he fully engaged in both classroom learning and hands-on experience, working as a CNA in a nursing home and later transitioning to Hillcrest Medical Center. Meanwhile, he progressed through increasingly demanding clinical training periods in diverse settings, from long-term care facilities to a specialty daycare for children with special needs. The experience reached its peak with an intensive 100-hour guided practice on a medical-surgical unit, which he completed in just over a week while continuing to work. His dedication paid off professionally. During a mock (模拟的) interview at Tulsa Tech, Thames connected with a nurse manager who offered him a position at St. John Medical Center before he even graduated. Within days of passing his NCLEX, he began working on a busy medical-surgical floor, managing IV antibiotics (抗生素), monitoring drains (引流管), and working with physicians and families. The 13-hour shifts are demanding, but Thames finds the work deeply rewarding. Thames credits his readiness to the realistic practice sessions and supportive instructors at Tulsa Tech, who emphasized both textbook knowledge and real-world application. Now pursuing his RN after completing required courses, he aims to work in critical care and possibly teach future nurses. Though his journey has been winding, he has no regrets. “This is where I’m supposed to be,” he says — a powerful reminder that it is never too late to start over and get it right. 65．Why did Thames begin with a short CNA course? A．To test his suitability for nursing. B．To prepare for a critical care role. C．To gain teaching experience in nursing. D．To avoid the cost of the LPN program. 66．What challenge did Thames face before entering the LPN program? A．He was refused by the nursing home. B．He struggled to balance work and study. C．He found clinical training too demanding. D．He had trouble with the math entrance exam. 67．What does the author imply about Thames’s start at St. John in paragraph 3? A．He had a desire to transfer to the critical care unit. B．He quickly proved himself fit for the demanding role. C．He had already obtained his RN license by that time. D．He started training future nurses on the medical-surgical floor. 68．What message does Thames’s story convey? A．Slow and steady wins the race. B．Chance favors the prepared mind. C．It’s never too late to follow your dream. D．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 【答案】65．A 66．D 67．B 68．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了Joey Thames中年转行学护理，克服困难，最终实现职业梦想的故事。 65．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Uncertainty held him back, as it does for many non-traditional students, so rather than diving into a costly program blindly, he chose a cautious first step. In the summer of 2023, he signed up for a short CNA course at Tulsa Tech to test the waters. (不确定性让他犹豫不决，正如许多非传统学生一样，因此他没有盲目投入一个昂贵的项目，而是选择谨慎地迈出第一步。2023年夏天，他报名参加了塔尔萨科技学院的短期CNA课程，以试探情况。)”可知，Thames从短期CNA课程起步，是为了测试自己是否适合护理行业。 66．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After completing his CNA, Thames set his sights on the LPN program, overcoming his initial struggles with the math entrance exam through weeks of focused study. (完成CNA课程后，Thames把目标锁定在LPN项目上，并通过数周的专注学习克服了最初在数学入学考试上的困难。)”可知，Thames在进入LPN项目之前面临的挑战是数学入学考试有困难。 67．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thames connected with a nurse manager who offered him a position at St. John Medical Center before he even graduated. Within days of passing his NCLEX, he began working on a busy medical-surgical floor, managing IV antibiotics (抗生素), monitoring drains (引流管), and working with physicians and families. (Thames与一位护士经理建立了联系，后者在他还没毕业时就为他提供了圣约翰医疗中心的一个职位。通过NCLEX考试后没几天，他就开始在繁忙的医疗外科楼层工作，负责管理静脉注射抗生素、监测引流管，并与医生和家属沟通协作。13小时轮班很辛苦，但Thames觉得这份工作非常有意义。)”可知，作者暗示Thames入职圣约翰医疗中心后，很快就证明自己完全能胜任这份高强度的工作。 68．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Though his journey has been winding, he has no regrets. “This is where I’m supposed to be,” he says — a powerful reminder that it is never too late to start over and get it right. (尽管他的旅程曲折迂回，但他毫无遗憾。“这就是我应该在的地方，”他说——这有力地提醒我们，重新开始并把它做对，永远都不嫌晚。)”可知，Thames的故事传递出的核心讯息是：追逐梦想，永远都不会太晚。 （26-27高三上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）In life, we often face challenges that seem impossible to overcome. But it is often during these tough times that tales of extraordinary bravery and perseverance surface. Cara Brookins’ story of changing her family’s lives is an example of this. Cara Brookins, a mother of four, found herself emotionally tired after ending her unlucky marriage. With limited money, finding a suitable home for her four children seemed impossible. Therefore, she made a plan to build their own home from scratch, even though the idea seemed unconventional and a little crazy. Cara purchased a one-acre plot of land and secured a construction loan of approximately $150,000. But completing their home was far from easy. Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses. However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience. To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night. Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete. Nine months later, the Brookins family moved into their new five-bedroom home, which they named the Inkwell Manor. For Cara Brookins, building their own shelter was not something to be proud of. However, it turned out to be the most encouraging thing she could have done for herself and her children. Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it. 69．What eventually helped Cara clear up her confusion in building techniques? A．Her determination to reunite her family. B．The skills she learned through online courses. C．Her reflection on her building experience. D．The guidance of the experienced firefighter. 70．Which best describes Cara in rebuilding her house? A．Intelligent and creative. B．Devoted and modest. C．Knowledgeable and patient. D．Professional and thoughtful. 71．What does paragraph 4 show about the Inkwell Manor? A．It improved Cara’s relationship with her children. B．It reflected advanced home building technology. C．It was an example of creative house design. D．It was the fruit of the family’s joint efforts 72．What did Cara learn through her experience? A．Where there’s a will there’s a way. B．Adversity is the midwife of genius. C．Sharp tools make good work. D．It’s never too late to learn. 【答案】69．D 70．B 71．D 72．A 【导语】文章讲述单亲妈妈卡拉历经艰难，自学建房知识，携家人合力建成新居，并从中领悟坚持与目标的力量。 69．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience.(然而，YouTube上的课程常常令人困惑，一项任务有无数种完成方式。意识到这点后，卡拉决定聘请一名有建房经验的兼职消防员)”可知，经验丰富的消防员的指导帮她解决了建房技术上的困惑。 70．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses.(卡拉没有建房经验，她通过网络课程学习了从打地基、铺设燃气管道到安装水暖设备的所有知识)”以及第四段中的“To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night.(为平衡工作和学习，卡拉全身心投入建房项目，经常工作到深夜)”可知，卡拉踏实投入、潜心钻研，谦逊求学、踏实做事，兼具投入与谦逊的特质。 71．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete.(幸运的是，布鲁金斯一家有着共同克服困难的优良传统。15岁的德鲁协助母亲设计图纸，11岁的杰达从邻居池塘运水，并在搅拌混凝土的工作中发挥了关键作用)”可知，这座新居是全家人共同努力的成果。 72．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it.(通过这次经历，她发现设定目标并坚持不懈拥有巨大的力量。她相信任何人只要确定一个目标并为之稳步前行，就能成就不凡)”可知，卡拉明白了有志者事竟成的道理。 （26-27高三上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）I was driving when my phone alerted me to a new email. Filled with eager anticipation, I pulled over, turned on my hazard lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a promotion to full professor. My institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. But when I told my family that night, my children offered a surprisingly positive response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. They apparently knew long before I did that losing my bid for a promotion would turn out to be the best thing that could have happened for me. This had been the final step in a long process spanning 15 months and involving so much effort. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for frank discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university. To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. As a first step toward healing, I decided to prioritize my own values and follow my own internal compass. I disconnected from people in my life who violated my values, cultivated my relationships with those who share my priorities and bring out the best in me, and spent more time with my family. I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. This initiative had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star. Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment. I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place. 73．What did the author feel after he read the email? A．Anxious and annoyed. B．Relieved and peaceful. C．Disappointed and sorrowful. D．Embarrassed and ashamed. 74．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．What contributions the writer had made. B．How helpful senior scholars had been. C．How successful the career had been. D．What preparations the writer had made. 75．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A．Internal compass is to be developed. B．Success is far more than a title or a rank. C．Serving the community may heal a broken heart. D．One’s real value first lies in his family interaction. 76．What can be the best title for the text? A．Emails: my North Star B．Full professor: a double-edged sword C．A career setback becomes a great opportunity D．An academic career witnesses a failed promotion 【答案】73．C 74．D 75．B 76．C 【导语】文章讲述了作者在第六次也是最后一次被拒绝晋升为正教授后，经历了从失望到释怀的转变，最终遵循内心价值观，创办非营利组织帮助弱势群体，将职业挫折转化为人生机遇的故事。 73．细节理解题。根据第一段“My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a promotion to full professor. My institution didn't seem to value what I brought to the table. (当我得知自己第六次也是最后一次被拒绝晋升为正教授时，我的情绪迅速变化。我所在的大学似乎不重视我所带来的价值。)”可知，作者在阅读邮件后感到失望和难过。 74．主旨大意题。根据第二段“This had been the final step in a long process spanning 15 months and involving so much effort. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for frank discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university. (这是一个长达15个月、涉及大量努力的漫长过程的最后一步。我从研究成功的晋升申请开始，恳请资深学者就我的准备情况与我进行坦诚交流。我精心准备了申请材料，总结了我职业生涯中所取得的一切。一年多来，我每天花数小时试图向大学证明我的价值。)”可知，本段主要讲述了作者为晋升所做的各项准备工作。 75．推理判断题。根据第三段“As a first step toward healing, I decided to prioritize my own values and follow my own internal compass. (作为治愈的第一步，我决定优先考虑自己的价值观，遵循自己内心的指南针。)”以及“I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. (我创立了一家非营利组织，旨在帮助第一代大学生、低收入群体及年轻职场人士在服务社区的同时在职场中发展。)”和最后一段“I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place. (我可能失去了一次重大晋升的机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”可知，作者认为成功不仅仅是头衔或职位，而是找到自己真正的价值所在。 76．主旨大意题。全文围绕作者被拒绝晋升这一职业挫折展开，讲述了作者如何从失落中走出，创办非营利组织，最终将挫折转化为更好的人生机遇。根据最后一段“I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place. (我可能失去了一次重大晋升的机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”可知，C项“A career setback becomes a great opportunity (职业挫折成为绝佳机遇)”最能概括全文主旨，适合作标题。 （26-27高三上·江苏扬州·开学考试）Meng Lingshuo is a 29-year-old craftsman from Hebei Province. After finishing his college study of pottery art and design in Jingdezhen, China’s famous “china capital,” he chose to stay. At first, he simply hoped to create beautiful pottery works. However, the longer he stayed, the deeper his interest grew in the city’s centuries-old china culture. He often wandered through ancient streets, fascinated by the broken pottery pieces spread on the ground. Eventually, he made a brave decision: he opened his own creative studio at the Guanyinge Kiln Site, a place listed as a World Heritage site. To Meng, every handful of soil and every broken piece tells a story. “These aren’t just waste,” he says, picking up a blue-and-white piece. “They represent the hard-won efforts of craftsmen from hundreds of years ago.” This deep respect for history inspired him to launch a hands-on workshop. In this project, visitors of all ages — schoolchildren, college students, and foreign tourists — can join him to piece together old pottery pieces. Through this process, they don’t just make art; they touch history and feel the beauty of traditional handicraft culture in a real way. The beginning was tough. His studio, hidden in a quiet corner of the old kiln (窑炉) site, was little-known to the public. For months, few customers came, and income was unstable. Friends suggested he move to a busier area or even quit. But Meng refused. Instead, he found a smarter path: he mixed ancient techniques with modern designs. Besides high-end artworks for collectors, he began creating affordable daily-use items — cups, bowls, and vases for ordinary families. Meng believes that traditional crafts shouldn’t stay behind glass in museums. They should enter people’s daily life. For him, true achievement isn’t about winning awards. It’s about passing on skills and helping young people discover the charm of pottery. Looking at the piled-up works in his studio, he smiles, knowing that the ancient fire of the kiln is still burning in his hands. 77．What attracted Meng after he stayed in Jingdezhen? A．The steady work. B．The booming business. C．The china culture. D．The famous craftsmen. 78．What is the main purpose of Meng’s hands-on workshop? A．To earn some extra money. B．To protect the old kiln site well. C．To train professional artists. D．To connect people with history. 79．How did Meng deal with his early difficulties? A．By lowering his standards. B．By changing his product strategy. C．By moving to a new place. D．By accepting help from his friends. 80．Which of the following best describes Meng Lingshuo? A．Creative and determined. B．Funny and traditional. C．Idealistic and ambitious. D．Talented and romantic. 【答案】77．C 78．D 79．B 80．A 【导语】主要说明了孟令硕在景德镇古窑遗址开设工作室，让游客拼接古瓷片感受历史。他克服经营难题，融合古今工艺，传承陶瓷手艺。 77．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, the longer he stayed, the deeper his interest grew in the city’s centuries-old china culture.(然而，他待得越久，对这座城市数百年的陶瓷文化兴趣就越浓厚)”可知，孟令硕留在景德镇后，被当地悠久的陶瓷文化所吸引。 78．细节理解题。根据第二段“Through this process, they don’t just make art; they touch history and feel the beauty of traditional handicraft culture in a real way.(通过这个过程，他们不仅是在创作艺术；他们触摸历史，真实地感受传统手工艺文化之美)”可知，他开设动手工作坊的主要目的是让人们通过亲身实践去触摸和感受历史。 79．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, he found a smarter path: he mixed ancient techniques with modern designs. Besides high-end artworks for collectors, he began creating affordable daily-use items — cups, bowls, and vases for ordinary families.(相反，他找到了一条更聪明的路：将古老技艺与现代设计相结合。除了为收藏家打造高端艺术品外，他还开始制作价格亲民的日常用品——杯子、碗和花瓶，供普通家庭使用)”可知，面对初期的经营困难，他没有听从朋友搬迁或放弃的建议，而是通过改变产品策略（结合现代设计、推出平价日用品）来解决问题。 80．推理判断题。根据第三段中朋友建议他放弃或搬走时“But Meng refused.(但孟拒绝了)”可知，他非常“determined（坚定的）”；根据第三段“Instead, he found a smarter path: he mixed ancient techniques with modern designs.(相反，他找到了一条更聪明的路：将古老技法与现代设计相结合)”可知，他将古代技艺与现代设计结合，并开设创意工作坊等行为，说明他非常“creative（有创造力的）”。 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解记叙文 内容导航 01 方法总结・技巧提炼 1 02 题型探究・深度突破 1 03 分层训练・达标过关 3 巩固过关 3 能力提升............................................................................................................................................................ 17 阅读理解记叙文大多围绕人物经历、成长故事、温情事件展开，传递善意、坚持、感恩、自我突破等正向主题。从叙事脉络来看，文章一般遵循“背景引入—事件发展—矛盾冲突—结局感悟”的叙事流程。从解题思维上，可以分为两大类：一类是事实细节题，依托原文情节线索，直接定位信息作答；另一类是情感推断、主旨感悟题，需要结合人物动作、语言、心理描写去体会背后的情感与道理。两类题型的共同点在于，所有判断都要紧扣故事线索和人物情绪变化，不能脱离情节主观臆想。总而言之，读懂记叙文关键是理清故事发展线、抓住人物情感变化线，两条线索互相印证，能够快速避开主观脑补类干扰选项，提升答题准确率。 该题型以叙事语篇理解为核心，重点考查情节梳理、人物情绪、写作意图、故事寓意的把握。表面上考查词句理解，实际上是以故事为载体，综合考查学生梳理事件顺序、捕捉描写细节、揣摩人物心理、挖掘故事深层内涵的能力。 01 情节细节题 ① 圈画题干中的人物、时间、事件关键词，回到原文定位对应情节区域，留意叙事顺序，部分记叙文会使用倒叙、插叙，不要被打乱的时间线误导。 ② 对照选项和原文语句，重点识别同义替换表达，区分原文实写内容和作者的想象评价，警惕偷换动作、改变事件因果的选项。 ③ 核对选项，排除无中生有、颠倒先后顺序、混淆不同人物行为的干扰项，保证选项描述和原文情节完全对应。 02 人物心理/情感变化题 ① 定位描写人物动作、神态、语言的句子，抓取带有感情色彩的形容词、副词，梳理人物在不同阶段的情绪转变。 ② 分清故事里不同角色的感受，不要把旁观者、其他配角的情绪当成主人公的心理，重点关注转折之后的情绪变化。 ③ 验证选项情感走向，贴合故事冲突、结局带来的改变，避免选择和原文情绪基调相悖、程度过重的答案。 03 推断隐含意义题 ① 看清题干标志词infer/imply等，记住原文直接写明的内容不属于推断答案，需要从人物的行为选择里挖掘背后的想法。 ② 结合上下文的故事背景、矛盾处境推导，每一步推断都要有原文情节作为支撑，不能凭生活经验过度脑补。 ③ 优先选择贴合故事主题、符合人物性格的结论，排除极端化、脱离故事主线的选项。 04 主旨与故事寓意题 ① 梳理故事的起因、经过、结果，重点关注结尾段的感悟、评价句，记叙文的主旨往往藏在故事收尾的抒情议论里。 ② 区分“故事讲了什么事”和“这个故事想告诉我们什么道理”，寓意题不能只概括表层情节。 ③ 排除只概括片段情节、道理拔高过度、和故事情感内核偏离的选项，正确答案兼顾事件和正向启示。 05 写作目的题 ① 结合记叙文类型判断意图：温情故事重在传递美好情感，成长故事重在启发读者反思，人物传记类重在展现人物品质。 ② 区分表层情节描述和作者写作初衷，不要把“写了一件什么事”当成写作目的。 ③ 优先选择体现情感传递、品质赞美、人生启发的选项，避开单纯复述故事细节的片面选项。 06 词义/句义猜测题（记叙文高频） ① 定位划线词句，结合当时的场景、人物所处的处境去理解，不要只套用单词的基础释义。 ② 利用前后的动作描写、对话、情绪词，判断这个词在当下语境里的褒贬色彩。 ③ 代入原文通读，检验是否符合人物当下的心境、故事发展的氛围，逻辑通顺才成立。 巩固过关 （26-27高二上·江苏南京·阶段检测）I was 10 years old when I was caught in a lie. I stubbornly refused to admit breaking a window in Harold Colby’s barn, though my parents knew perfectly well that I had done it. In those days in the little town of Pultneyville, New York, a broken window was a big deal, and I was overcome with pain, trapped in fear of serious trouble. I suspected my parents had told Uncle Jim, whom I admired deeply and always turned to for comfort. One afternoon, I rode beside him in his dark-green old car after he returned from the store with paper bags of groceries. I stole quick glances at him, nervous and waiting for scolding. I could see a soft, amused smile at the corner of his mouth. “Telling the truth is always easier,” he said out of the blue. He took his eyes off the road for a second and grinned. “So it’s perfect for lazybones like you and me.” I swallowed hard, watching mailboxes and wild grass slide past. But that was all. No lecture, no long moral talk. He simply kept driving quietly, letting me sort out my tangled thoughts. Later that evening, I went to my parents and admitted I broke the window. I apologised and offered to work to pay for the damage. I expected heavy punishment. To my surprise, they praised my courage to tell the truth. Many years have passed, yet Uncle Jim’s simple lesson stays fresh in my mind. Most adults at that time would shout or lecture a kid who lied. But Uncle Jim knew shame and pressure rarely change a person. He gave me gentle trust instead. He let me reach the right conclusion by myself. That small moment shaped how I see honesty. Honesty is not just avoiding punishment. It frees you from the heavy weight of hiding secrets. Whenever I face a choice between truth and convenience, I still hear his quiet words: telling the truth is easier. 17．Why was the boy overcome with pain in the beginning? A．He was afraid of getting into trouble. B．He was not allowed to visit the barn. C．He was blamed for breaking the window. D．He was forced to repair the broken window alone. 18．What does the underlined phrase “out of the blue” in paragraph 2 mean? A．With an angry look. B．In a sad voice. C．In an unexpected way. D．With careful preparation. 19．Which words can best describe Uncle Jim? A．Strict and patient. B．Humorous and wise. C．Caring and determined. D．Easy-going and talkative. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Terrible Lie I Once Told. B．A Broken Window in The Barn. C．A Secret Hidden in My Childhood. D．A Valuable Lesson From Uncle Jim. （26-27高二上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）Beatrice De Lavalette developed a passion for horse-riding when she turned 3. However, in the spring of 2016, 17-year-old De Lavalette was waiting for a flight when she got hit by a bombing at Brussels airport. Along with serious burns, De Lavalette lost both legs below the knee. Yet she said if it weren’t for the event, she wouldn’t be the person to join in the Paralympic Games (残奥会) in Tokyo. Getting back in the saddle (马鞍) was no easy work because of her injuries. However, five months after the bombing, thanks to her courage, determination and further treatment and training — that’s exactly where she was. “I had no muscle, I was just skin and bones, so being back on the saddle with no sense of balance was really uncomfortable. But with time, I was able to build up the muscle and work on my balance,” she said. Unsurprisingly, De Lavalette was depressed as she tried to come to make peace with her injuries. She got lots of help and encouragement from her family, friends and the doctors, but she still couldn’t pick herself up. She cried a lot in the hospital until an unexpected visitor, her beloved horse, DeeDee, turned things around for her. “DeeDee saved my life,” Beatrice said. Adjusting to her disabled body was, in many ways, like having to learn to ride all over again. And the Paralympics offered a perfect chance to show her hard-earned skills.“I can’t change what happened, but I can still achieve my dream. As I have said many times, I was in the wrong place at the wrong time. What else is there to say? There are no ‘What ifs’. I have a new life in front of me,” Beatrice said, “What’s important is that I’m alive and I feel that I will do something great with my life.” We’d say that she already has. 21．What happened to Beatrice when she was 17? A．She picked up horse-riding skills. B．She survived a plane crash accident. C．She was badly hurt in a bomb attack. D．She took part in the Tokyo Paralympics. 22．What played a key role in helping Beatrice back to riding? A．The affection from her parents. B．The company of her horse DeeDee. C．The medical care given by physicians. D．The encouragement offered by her friends. 23．What was Beatrice’s difficulty in training? A．Loss of balance. B．Lack of friendship. C．Great physical pains. D．Continuous depression. 24．What can we learn from Beatrice’s words in the last paragraph? A．Time can cure all wounds. B．Constant efforts bring rewards. C．One’s mind-set matters greatly. D．Failure is the mother of success. （26-27高二上·江苏连云港·阶段检测）A graduate of London’s best law school, William was regarded by many in his field as one of the best lawyers (律师) in London. Few people would have guessed that William loved to write poetry in his spare time. William’s passion (热爱) for this hobby began when, one day in a bookshop, he came across a small book of poems that had mistakenly been put in the law section. Reading it, William admired how the author had expressed so much with just a few carefully selected words and then wondered if he himself could develop a similar talent. From childhood, William had always thrown himself into things. So, he soon read the major works of all the great British poets and became familiar with many of Europe’s most famous poets, too. He had a particular admiration for Shakespeare and the German poet Goethe, but his favourite poet was the Irishman William Butler Yeats — the man that he had been named after, his mother proudly reminded him. So, almost from the day that he was first inspired, William had begun writing poems of his own. He did not know if he had any real talent, but he did know that the words flowed both easily and quickly from his pen. He enjoyed putting words together in a way that suggested different meanings — partly because this was exactly the opposite of what he was required to do as a lawyer. He had no name for the collection of poems that he had written and collected over the years. He simply referred to them all as “The Book”. The name, of course, clearly revealed his subconscious (潜意识的) desire that his poems would one day be published. But he had neither the confidence in his own abilities to approach a publisher, nor the desire to read a bad review if the critics did not like his work. William’s wife would often remind him, in that gentle way of hers, that he was old enough now not to care what others thought of him or to avoid doing something simply because he thought he might fail. 25．Why did William appreciate the poetry in the bookshop? A．He himself had written poetry too. B．He liked how the words were used. C．It reminded him of a forgotten hobby. D．It gave him a break from studying law. 26．Which of the following can best describe William? A．Easy-going. B．Ambitious. C．One who lacks willpower. D．One who goes all out. 27．Why did William call his collection of poems “The Book”? A．He hadn’t yet found a good name for it. B．He was advised to do so by a publisher. C．He secretly wanted them to be published. D．He had already written enough to fill an entire book. 28．What do we know about William’s wife? A．She encouraged him to believe in himself. B．She thought that he did not value her opinion. C．She didn’t think he should try to publish his poems. D．She seemed to be the only one who liked his poetry. （26-27高二上·江苏南京·阶段检测）It was thirty years ago. In my family we were two children, one employed adult, and Christmas was coming. My parents were managing, but only just, and they had started preparing us for a simpler Christmas. So they told me, their 5-year-old daughter, well in advance that Santa Claus had received so many letters that winter that he had run out of presents. Santa is generous, they explained, but Santa is not bottomless. Everybody knew, of course, that Santa did not actually manufacture (大量生产) the gifts. He bought them, like anyone else. For a 5-year-old, this was a disaster. But children often have an unnerving ability to solve problems before the adults around them notice. I went to my room, found old toys, and wrapped them carefully. One for my mother, one for my father, one for each of my grandparents, and some for myself and my brother. By the morning, I had become, in my own mind, the hero of Christmas. There would be presents under the tree. There would be the best part of Christmas, the opening. I had solved the first money problem of my life and brought joy to my family. The ending was happier than I expected. Santa, it turned out, had found gifts for the young family after all. The old toys were quietly returned to my bedroom. And yet, that Christmas has stayed with me my whole life. It is a memory about adapting to something a child has a hard time understanding. It is also a memory about something common, the kind of relative shortage and insecurity that exists in many families. That memory, and the dozens that followed, quietly built a way of thinking I never noticed I had. I came to believe that whether we had plenty of money or just about enough, we would manage, and our problems would be temporary. 29．Why did the author’s parents mention Santa Claus in advance? A．To encourage her to share presents. B．To explain their financial difficulties. C．To introduce how Santa Claus worked. D．To lower her expectations for Christmas. 30．What does the underlined word “unnerving” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Limited. B．Incredible. C．Insufficient. D．Trained. 31．Which of the following best describes the author as a kid? A．Curious and patient. B．Honest and sensitive. C．Creative and generous. D．Reliable and determined. 32．What influence did that Christmas memory have on the author? A．It helped her accept family insecurity. B．It increased her love for Christmas gifts. C．It taught her to avoid money-related troubles. D．It helped her form a positive view of hard times. （26-27高二上·江苏南通·阶段检测）For over three decades, 57-year-old Wu Jianjiang has served as a cultural relic restorer in Tianshi Township, Xianju County, Zhejiang Province. With precision and quiet dedication, he has dedicated his life to repairing broken artifacts and paintings, and preserving faded manuscripts (手稿). However, Wu once walked a different path. During the nationwide martial arts fever of the 1980s, 16-year-old Wu left home to train at various centers. By 27, he’d become a recognized martial arts instructor in the city. Yet a quiet crossroad appeared. “Studying martial arts gradually drew me closer to traditional culture,” Wu recalled. “I realized that back in my hometown, unlike martial arts, the preservation of cultural relics was an ignored tradition needing urgent attention. So I decided to return to the countryside.” Supported by his father, Wu stepped into an unfamiliar world. Through a friend, Wu met Qian Lixin, a master of painting and calligraphy, who accepted Wu as his last formal student. Years of study and hands-on practice followed, and nearly thirty years on, he has restored over 300 works, ranging from Ming and Qing dynasty paintings to rare modern calligraphy and ancient manuscripts. Realizing preservation required education and innovation, Wu founded a mounting and restoration institute in Tianshi Township in 2014, which expanded into an academy three years later, taking on greater responsibilities in training, preservation, and public engagement. To date, over 1,300 students have been trained under Wu. In April, 2025, a group of 25 international students at Zhejiang University, coming from over ten countries, visited Wu’s academy. Inside the workshop, Wu demonstrated the complicated steps of mounting and restoring Chinese paintings, each movement carrying a rhythm that left visitors in awe. “What moved me most is the Chinese artisan’s deep respect for materials and his extraordinary patience with time,” said Federico, a student from Italy. “That’s the human spirit we’re missing in the industrial age.” Wu said, “To me, restoration is more than a craft. It’s a handover of history and a dialogue with ancestors. It’s about repairing what was broken, preserving what was fading, and passing forward what once seemed lost.” 33．What initially motivated Wu Jianjiang to switch his career? A．His father’s massive influence. B．A declining love of martial arts. C．An offer from a famous master. D．A sense of cultural responsibility. 34．What does the expansion of Wu’s institute indicate? A．His growing international effect. B．The rising value of ancient artworks. C．The increasing scale of his mission. D．A higher demand for public participation. 35．What deeply impressed Federico? A．The artisan’s spiritual devotion to the restoration work. B．The delicate skills in restoration operations. C．The patience with the restoration materials. D．The complexity of the restoration procedures. 36．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Wu’s great talent for restoration. B．Wu’s interpretation of restoration. C．Wu’s strong passion for restoration. D．Wu’s achievements in restoration. （25-26高二上·江苏连云港·期中）In the countryside, a married couple faced a moral difficult situation. Their dog, which usually wandered freely on their acre of land, had killed their neighbor’s prize ferret (雪貂), Alastair. The dog appeared from the bushes with the ferret in its mouth. The couple did not know the neighbor well. They discovered he kept ferrets only when they saw his message on a local WhatsApp group, reporting Alastair’s escape and asking for help. The couple was now in a troubling situation. What should they do? They spent two stressful hours at their kitchen table, considering their options. The immediate instinct (本能) might be to hide the evidence. One could bury the ferret, send a supportive message to the neighbor, and pretend to know nothing. This seems easier than facing an unpleasant truth. However, the couple made an extraordinary decision. They courageously called the neighbor and confessed (坦白) everything. Surprisingly, the neighbor was very warm and considerate. He said he should have caged the ferret and understood that dogs naturally chase small animals like ferrets. The story compares the two possible paths: honesty versus concealment. While covering up might avoid short-term discomfort, it often leads to long-term guilt and anxiety. A cover-up, especially involving a neighbor, could create a constant, heavy burden. The couple’s experience suggests that honesty, while difficult initially, is finally the better policy. It solves the situation cleanly and protects one’s peace of mind. The story concludes by asking the reader to reflect on what they would do in such a situation, suggesting that many people might still instinctively choose to hide the truth, despite the benefits of being honest. 37．What was the couple’s reaction after seeing the message? A．They felt too scared to do anything. B．They immediately informed the neighbor. C．They hid the evidence without hesitation. D．They discussed how to deal with the situation. 38．What was the neighbor’s attitude to the couple’s confession? A．Ignorant. B．Critical. C．Understanding. D．Grateful. 39．What does the underlined word “concealment” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Resistance. B．Hiding. C．Apology. D．Revealing. 40．What can we learn from the passage? A．Never keep ferrets as pets. B．Look before you leap. C．Keep an eye on your pets. D．Show your honest quality. （25-26高二下·江苏徐州·期中）That morning, after taking our oldest child to kindergarten, I went back home, let our two younger kids play, and worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn’t making a difference in anyone’s life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately. Monday morning, I grabbed the phone and rang the number I’d found via Google for the nearest Department of Children’s Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps. Five months after our approval, a middle-of-the-night phone call woke me. I aroused my husband and we hurried to East Tennessee Children’s Hospital, where our foster placement awaited us in the ER, ill and malnourished. It didn’t take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care. On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children’s lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren’t going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children. 41．How did the author feel about her hospital work? A．Unusually demanding. B．Filled with challenges. C．Lacking in motivation. D．Packed with chances. 42．What caused the author to choose to adopt children? A．She experienced training to raise children properly. B．She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew C．She felt confident about her ability to raise children. D．She desired to have a positive impact on others’ lives. 43．How did the author receive her first foster child? A．The child was brought to her home by a social worker. B．She got a midnight call and rushed to a hospital ER. C．She picked the child up from a kindergarten. D．The child’s half-brother introduced them. 44．Why did the author appear at the courtroom? A．To make the adoption officially legal. B．To receive another adopted child. C．To put the adopted kids elsewhere. D．To begin the kids’ adoption in her home. （25-26高二下·江苏苏州·期中）It’s a familiar tale these days: A Canadian quits their exhausting day job to pursue a dream, like opening a coffee shop, and finds freedom and joy. My story is similar, with a twist. It begins in 2016, during the last semester of my philosophy undergraduate, when I decided to become a writer after being inspired by modern and classic works I was reading. I earned a journalism master’s degree from New York University and worked at Toronto Life magazine. I had some success, interviewing important figures and even writing for The New York Times. But behind the scenes, I was constantly stressed and struggling to make rent. Then things changed. Last summer, a friend invited me to coach a small group of 11-year-old volleyball players. I always loved volleyball but had pushed it aside because I thought it couldn’t be a career. I jumped at the chance. Every morning, I trained the kids on passing, setting and serving. I had gone from interviewing people to playing volleyball with kids in the park. Surprisingly, I felt alive again. Volleyball reawakened a spirit of playfulness in me. I didn’t have to sit behind a computer all day. The parents paid me fairly and on time, and my work could not be replaced by artificial intelligence. So I went all in. I found gym space, started running my own clinics and created an organization called Super Volley. Things are going decently well so far. Like many small businesses, I’m at the mercy of a rising cost of living, a harsh economy and consumers who might devote their Saturdays to something else. But I’ll keep going because this volleyball thing rewards me in ways that go well beyond money or journalistic fame. 45．Why does the author mention “a familiar tale” at the beginning? A．To criticize people who give up stable jobs. B．To suggest that opening a coffee shop is a good idea. C．To introduce his own story of going after what he loves. D．To warn readers not to follow others’ dream blindly. 46．What was the problem with the author’s writing career? A．He didn’t have a chance to do meaningful work. B．He had no interest in interviewing public figures. C．He felt journalism was less serious than philosophy. D．He was under great pressure and financially troubled. 47．What is the advantage of the author’s new career according to paragraph 4? A．It allows him to make a large fortune. B．It cannot be replaced by technology. C．It offers more social opportunities. D．It brings him more fame and public attention. 48．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author is still unsure if coaching can be a long-term career. B．The author is realistic and finds deep fulfillment in what he does. C．The author occasionally regrets leaving his previous writing career. D．The author is confident that his volleyball business will expand soon. 能力提升 （26-27高三上·江苏南通·阶段检测）I was in terrible pain last week when I could hardly turn my head. My neck and shoulders were extremely painful and my head was locked. I walked into this tui na clinic right by where I am staying and was willing to let anyone massage (按摩) my neck. In walked Wu Shifu. I was head down on the table and before I even spoke, he said, “You have a problem with your vertebra (脊椎),” pointing to my C7. “It is completely locked. Your qi is not flowing. You are in pain all over.” He started massaging my neck, shoulders and head, pulling my neck and my arms in such a way that it was painful but good. He later asked me to sit up and moved on to adjusting my C7. That was scary. The thought of “Would he break my neck?” repeatedly crossed my mind when he did his things, which included using my own body weight to stretch my back, kneeling on my back to apply pressure to my vertebrae and pulling my head up using a towel. All seemed very scary and risky to me. But I didn’t say a word from beginning to end because it felt right and good. The Chinese word for beautiful is piao liang; the literal translation is pretty for piao and bright for liang. This man said to me, “You may be pretty but you are not liang because your qi is not flowing and not brightening your face.” It shook me — and made me question everything I thought I knew about what “looking good” really means. I was loosened and felt so much better afterwards. I was a puppet (木偶) with messy strings before I saw Wu Shifu. Afterwards, I could walk and turn, and I felt I was flexible again. I wish I could bring him back home with me to New York. I take my hat off to all Chinese masters for their devotion to this medicine! 49．How did Wu identify the author’s C7 problem? A．By talking with her. B．By reading her body. C．By pulling her arms. D．By massaging her neck. 50．Why did the author keep silent during her C7 treatment? A．She felt too scared. B．She was asked to do so. C．She was in too much pain. D．She trusted Wu’s methods. 51．What did the author say about Wu’s explanation of piao liang? A．It raised her awareness of her health. B．It overturned her standard for beauty. C．It made her ashamed about her figure. D．It expanded her knowledge of Chinese. 52．Which word best describes the author’s overall experience? A．Eventful. B．Frightening. C．Transformative. D．Embarrassing. （26-27高三上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Dale Sanders has always loved walking. When he was young, he often hiked in the mountains near his home, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful views. As the years passed, walking became more than a hobby — it became a way of life for him. In 2017, Sanders completed the Appalachian Trail, a 2,193-mile walking route that runs through the eastern United States. He became the oldest person ever to finish the whole trail, a record that made him very proud. However, his joy did not last long, for four years later, his good friend, who was 83 at that time, finished the same trail and broke Sanders’ record, a fact that came as a great shock to him. Instead of feeling upset, Sanders decided to fight back. He began a careful training plan that lasted six months. Every morning, he got up early and walked for hours, carrying a heavy bag on his back to build up his strength. He also climbed hills again and again, determined to prepare his body for the hard journey that lay ahead, no matter how challenging it might prove to be. Finally, in 2026, at the age of 91, Sanders set out on the trail once more. The journey was not easy. He faced hot weather, heavy rain and steep mountains along the way. There were moments when he felt so tired that he wanted to give up, but every time the thought of stopping crossed his mind, he reminded himself of the goal he had set and the promise he had made to himself, and so he kept going. After months of walking, Sanders finally reached the end of the trail. He had done it — he had reclaimed the record as the oldest person to complete the Appalachian Trail. When people asked him how he felt, he said with a smile, “Even today, I feel that I should probably be in better shape than I am. But I just have to always go back and say, ‘but I am 91’.” 53．What do we know about Sanders’ record in 2017? A．He set it at the age of 82. B．His good friend broke it that year. C．He kept it for nine years. D．He finished the trail in six months. 54．Why did Sanders begin his training plan? A．To keep himself healthy. B．To help his old friend. C．To enjoy beautiful views. D．To win back his record. 55．What kind of person is Dale Sanders? A．He is helpful and competitive. B．He is determined and courageous. C．He is friendly and humorous. D．He is confident and conservative. 56．What does the author want to tell us through Sanders’ story? A．Hard work guarantees final success. B．Friendship inspires personal growth. C．Age is no barrier to achieving goals. D．Records are meant to be kept forever. （26-27高三上·江苏扬州·阶段检测）The message came by email on a Friday. “Do you remember me?” wrote the sender. Our first meeting: Jan.25, 1990. I was exercising when the terrible news came: Avianca flight 052, a Boeing 707 from Bogota, Colombia, to New York City had crashed on Long Island’s North Shore. Soon the phone rang. It was the hospital: They had declared an emergency and needed me right now. At the hospital, I joined 200 other health-care providers. It was in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) that I met Andrea, an 8-year-old girl with serious injuries. When we visited her, she seemed to be asleep, but as we began to move away, she opened her eyes. “May I ask a question, please?” she asked me in a low voice. “Yes,” I answered instantly. “Am I going to die?” “No.” “May I go to sleep?” “Yes.” Her mother and brother had died in the crash; her father had survived, but he felt unable to go on. I said nothing and just led him to Andrea’s unit. “She needs you.” The father sobbed and nodded. Soon he needed to travel to Colombia to bury his wife and son. During his weeks of absence, I visited Andrea three times daily: before work, after work and at midday. An index card with my name and phone numbers sat at her bedside. When she saw me coming, she would call out my name — “Fornari!” After six weeks, Andrea’s injuries eventually healed. She and her father returned home to Colombia. Nine years later, they visited New York City, and we had a reunion. The 17-year-old young lady shared her desire to become a child psychiatrist like me; she wanted to help and support children the way I had done. In the following years, I thought of her often. And each Jan. 25, I reflected on my experiences with the survivors and their families. In 2010, the 20th anniversary services took place. A generation later, survivors once more thanked their rescuers, and families once again gathered to mourn their lost loved ones. And now here was Andrea’s email, asking whether I remembered her. Absolutely! 57．What can be “our first meeting” regarded as? A．A training class for doctors. B．A pre-planned meeting. C．A lucky escape from the plane crash. D．The start of a special bond. 58．How did Andrea feel when she talked to the author? A．Curious and eager to be alive. B．Lucky but sad about the death of her loved ones. C．Terrified and uncertain about her survival. D．Dependent but confused about the author’s words. 59．What was the deepest impact the author had on Andrea probably? A．Andrea relied on the author for comfort. B．Andrea sent emails to the author regularly. C．Andrea made contributions to each anniversary. D．Andrea wanted to follow in the author’s footsteps. 60．What can be the best title of the text? A．How could I forget? B．What could we remember? C．What did the crash leave behind? D．Why did I choose the career? （26-27高三上·江苏·阶段检测）Clyde W. Tombaugh was once a farm boy from Kansas, but he became the man forever linked to Pluto (冥王星). In 1930, while working at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona, he spotted a faint moving dot in the sky. That tiny speck was Pluto. It wasn’t a dramatic flash of light, but the result of slow, patient work by a young man who knew the heavens well. After his great discovery, life went on. Tombaugh didn’t stay in the spotlight. Instead, he settled in Las Cruces, New Mexico. From 1955 until his retirement in 1973, he taught astronomy at New Mexico State University. He was not just a famous astronomer; he was a husband, a father, and a teacher who helped students look up at the stars with wonder. He was known as a down-to-earth person with a great sense of humor. Tombaugh passed away in 1997. However, his story didn’t end there. Space stories often take the long route. On January 19, 2006, NASA launched the New Horizons spacecraft toward Pluto. Tucked inside was a small container holding some of Tombaugh’s ashes. He was finally going back to the world he had discovered. The inscription (碑文) on the spacecraft was special. It didn’t just list his professional titles. It called him “Adelle and Muron’s boy, Patricia’s husband, Annette and Alden’s father.” Then, with a touch of humor that his family loved, it added: “punster and friend.” This detail turned a cold scientific mission into something warm and personal, like a note slipped into a lunch bag. On July 14, 2015, after traveling more than 3 billion miles, New Horizons finally flew past Pluto. For the scientists, it was a successful mission. But for Tombaugh’s family, it was a sweet celebration. They watched as a part of their loved one completed the longest odyssey. Clyde Tombaugh spent his life helping others understand the night sky. In the end, a piece of him traveled outward too, returning to the little world that carried his name into history. What began as a boy’s wonder under the Kansas sky had never really left him, even when the circle is 3 billion miles wide. 61．What can we learn about Tombaugh’s discovery of Pluto? A．It was made almost during a sudden flash. B．It was far from a single lucky moment. C．It was the work of a team of scientists. D．It was the result of a single observation. 62．What kind of person do you think of Tombaugh as? A．A talented scientist who lived a lonely life. B．A gifted man who stayed warm and modest. C．A humorous teacher who demanded a lot. D．A proud discoverer who valued his fame. 63．What does the underlined word “odyssey” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．route B．wait C．delay D．journey 64．What message does the text mainly convey? A．Hard work always pays off in the end. B．Family support is the key to success. C．A lifelong passion can come full circle. D．Science needs both patience and luck. （26-27高三上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）At 39, Joey Thames made a brave decision to leave his finance background behind and pursue nursing — a calling that had quietly stayed in his mind for years. Uncertainty held him back, as it does for many non-traditional students, so rather than diving into a costly program blindly, he chose a cautious first step. In the summer of 2023, he signed up for a short CNA course at Tulsa Tech to test the waters. That initial step led to rapid progress. After completing his CNA, Thames set his sights on the LPN program, overcoming his initial struggles with the math entrance exam through weeks of focused study. Over the next year, he fully engaged in both classroom learning and hands-on experience, working as a CNA in a nursing home and later transitioning to Hillcrest Medical Center. Meanwhile, he progressed through increasingly demanding clinical training periods in diverse settings, from long-term care facilities to a specialty daycare for children with special needs. The experience reached its peak with an intensive 100-hour guided practice on a medical-surgical unit, which he completed in just over a week while continuing to work. His dedication paid off professionally. During a mock (模拟的) interview at Tulsa Tech, Thames connected with a nurse manager who offered him a position at St. John Medical Center before he even graduated. Within days of passing his NCLEX, he began working on a busy medical-surgical floor, managing IV antibiotics (抗生素), monitoring drains (引流管), and working with physicians and families. The 13-hour shifts are demanding, but Thames finds the work deeply rewarding. Thames credits his readiness to the realistic practice sessions and supportive instructors at Tulsa Tech, who emphasized both textbook knowledge and real-world application. Now pursuing his RN after completing required courses, he aims to work in critical care and possibly teach future nurses. Though his journey has been winding, he has no regrets. “This is where I’m supposed to be,” he says — a powerful reminder that it is never too late to start over and get it right. 65．Why did Thames begin with a short CNA course? A．To test his suitability for nursing. B．To prepare for a critical care role. C．To gain teaching experience in nursing. D．To avoid the cost of the LPN program. 66．What challenge did Thames face before entering the LPN program? A．He was refused by the nursing home. B．He struggled to balance work and study. C．He found clinical training too demanding. D．He had trouble with the math entrance exam. 67．What does the author imply about Thames’s start at St. John in paragraph 3? A．He had a desire to transfer to the critical care unit. B．He quickly proved himself fit for the demanding role. C．He had already obtained his RN license by that time. D．He started training future nurses on the medical-surgical floor. 68．What message does Thames’s story convey? A．Slow and steady wins the race. B．Chance favors the prepared mind. C．It’s never too late to follow your dream. D．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. （26-27高三上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）In life, we often face challenges that seem impossible to overcome. But it is often during these tough times that tales of extraordinary bravery and perseverance surface. Cara Brookins’ story of changing her family’s lives is an example of this. Cara Brookins, a mother of four, found herself emotionally tired after ending her unlucky marriage. With limited money, finding a suitable home for her four children seemed impossible. Therefore, she made a plan to build their own home from scratch, even though the idea seemed unconventional and a little crazy. Cara purchased a one-acre plot of land and secured a construction loan of approximately $150,000. But completing their home was far from easy. Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses. However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience. To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night. Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete. Nine months later, the Brookins family moved into their new five-bedroom home, which they named the Inkwell Manor. For Cara Brookins, building their own shelter was not something to be proud of. However, it turned out to be the most encouraging thing she could have done for herself and her children. Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it. 69．What eventually helped Cara clear up her confusion in building techniques? A．Her determination to reunite her family. B．The skills she learned through online courses. C．Her reflection on her building experience. D．The guidance of the experienced firefighter. 70．Which best describes Cara in rebuilding her house? A．Intelligent and creative. B．Devoted and modest. C．Knowledgeable and patient. D．Professional and thoughtful. 71．What does paragraph 4 show about the Inkwell Manor? A．It improved Cara’s relationship with her children. B．It reflected advanced home building technology. C．It was an example of creative house design. D．It was the fruit of the family’s joint efforts 72．What did Cara learn through her experience? A．Where there’s a will there’s a way. B．Adversity is the midwife of genius. C．Sharp tools make good work. D．It’s never too late to learn. （26-27高三上·江苏淮安·阶段检测）I was driving when my phone alerted me to a new email. Filled with eager anticipation, I pulled over, turned on my hazard lights, and opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a promotion to full professor. My institution didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table. But when I told my family that night, my children offered a surprisingly positive response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. They apparently knew long before I did that losing my bid for a promotion would turn out to be the best thing that could have happened for me. This had been the final step in a long process spanning 15 months and involving so much effort. I had started by studying successful promotion bids and asking senior scholars for frank discussions about my readiness. I had carefully prepared my application packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. For more than a year, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university. To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. As a first step toward healing, I decided to prioritize my own values and follow my own internal compass. I disconnected from people in my life who violated my values, cultivated my relationships with those who share my priorities and bring out the best in me, and spent more time with my family. I founded a nonprofit that helps first-generation and low-income students and young professionals advance in the workforce while serving their community. This initiative had long been a dream of mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and promotion don’t reward such efforts. Now, such considerations were no longer my North Star. Five months after that email from top leadership, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment. I may have lost my bid for a big promotion, but in the end, it brought me to the right place. 73．What did the author feel after he read the email? A．Anxious and annoyed. B．Relieved and peaceful. C．Disappointed and sorrowful. D．Embarrassed and ashamed. 74．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．What contributions the writer had made. B．How helpful senior scholars had been. C．How successful the career had been. D．What preparations the writer had made. 75．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A．Internal compass is to be developed. B．Success is far more than a title or a rank. C．Serving the community may heal a broken heart. D．One’s real value first lies in his family interaction. 76．What can be the best title for the text? A．Emails: my North Star B．Full professor: a double-edged sword C．A career setback becomes a great opportunity D．An academic career witnesses a failed promotion （26-27高三上·江苏扬州·开学考试）Meng Lingshuo is a 29-year-old craftsman from Hebei Province. After finishing his college study of pottery art and design in Jingdezhen, China’s famous “china capital,” he chose to stay. At first, he simply hoped to create beautiful pottery works. However, the longer he stayed, the deeper his interest grew in the city’s centuries-old china culture. He often wandered through ancient streets, fascinated by the broken pottery pieces spread on the ground. Eventually, he made a brave decision: he opened his own creative studio at the Guanyinge Kiln Site, a place listed as a World Heritage site. To Meng, every handful of soil and every broken piece tells a story. “These aren’t just waste,” he says, picking up a blue-and-white piece. “They represent the hard-won efforts of craftsmen from hundreds of years ago.” This deep respect for history inspired him to launch a hands-on workshop. In this project, visitors of all ages — schoolchildren, college students, and foreign tourists — can join him to piece together old pottery pieces. Through this process, they don’t just make art; they touch history and feel the beauty of traditional handicraft culture in a real way. The beginning was tough. His studio, hidden in a quiet corner of the old kiln (窑炉) site, was little-known to the public. For months, few customers came, and income was unstable. Friends suggested he move to a busier area or even quit. But Meng refused. Instead, he found a smarter path: he mixed ancient techniques with modern designs. Besides high-end artworks for collectors, he began creating affordable daily-use items — cups, bowls, and vases for ordinary families. Meng believes that traditional crafts shouldn’t stay behind glass in museums. They should enter people’s daily life. For him, true achievement isn’t about winning awards. It’s about passing on skills and helping young people discover the charm of pottery. Looking at the piled-up works in his studio, he smiles, knowing that the ancient fire of the kiln is still burning in his hands. 77．What attracted Meng after he stayed in Jingdezhen? A．The steady work. B．The booming business. C．The china culture. D．The famous craftsmen. 78．What is the main purpose of Meng’s hands-on workshop? A．To earn some extra money. B．To protect the old kiln site well. C．To train professional artists. D．To connect people with history. 79．How did Meng deal with his early difficulties? A．By lowering his standards. B．By changing his product strategy. C．By moving to a new place. D．By accepting help from his friends. 80．Which of the following best describes Meng Lingshuo? A．Creative and determined. B．Funny and traditional. C．Idealistic and ambitious. D．Talented and romantic. 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $