高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 The Internet（适中版01）

高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 3 The Internet 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation probably take place? A．Over the phone. B．At the police station. C．In the Lost and Found. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the man ask the woman to do? A．Offer her opinions. B．Help him with a project. C．Learn more about technology. 3．（本题1.5分）What makes Rexy famous? A．His strange appearance. B．His cute emojis. C．His life skills. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A dairy product. B．A high-tech farm. C．A power plant. 5．（本题1.5分）What causes the man’s monthly bill to vary? A．The added taxes and service fees. B．The data his family uses. C．The number of calls. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)Why should the window be closed? A．To block out light. B．To keep out the cold air. C．To prevent insects from entering. 7．(1.5分)Where do the speakers live? A．In a village. B．In a city. C．In a town. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Reporter and manager. B．Customer and salesman. C．Housewife and shopkeeper. 9．(1.5分)What is the robot programmed to do? A．Shopping and calculating. B．Repairing and guarding. C．Cleaning and washing. 10．(1.5分)What does the woman think of the new home? A．It’s safe enough. B．It’s too expensive. C．It’s worth buying. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Why did John make an app? A．To finish a project. B．To make money. C．To have fun. 12．(1.5分)What is the advantage of the app? A．It provides teaching material. B．It has many video games. C．It gives fun quizzes. 13．(1.5分)What does John think of the app? A．It’s costly. B．It’s difficult. C．It’s popular. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What does the woman probably do? A．A manager. B．A headmaster. C．A technician. 15．(1.5分)What is Jason’s strength? A．Being good at product design. B．Getting on well with customers. C．Providing necessary information. 16．(1.5分)What area does Jason need to improve? A．Training workers. B．Time management. C．Problem-solving skills. 17．(1.5分)What are the speakers doing? A．Conducting a job interview. B．Organizing a meeting. C．Discussing a project. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)Who is the speaker probably talking to? A．Company owners. B．Language professors. C．College students. 19．(1.5分)What’s the speaker mainly talking about? A．Media impacts. B．Email customs. C．Business guidelines. 20．(1.5分)What’s the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Avoiding using capitals in emails. B．Responding to customers in time. C．Having formal training in writing. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）The most inviting part of a newspaper isn’t always the headlines on the front page. For many, it’s the puzzles in the back, which have been a mainstay since they were pioneered in The New York World in 1913. Puzzles combine the thrill of an engaging challenge with the relaxation of a mindful exercise. That’s why PressReader has made not just news, but puzzles digital, providing a more convenient and sustainable option for puzzlers. From pen and paper to click and tap, puzzles have found a new home. But one thing’s for certain, they’re as satisfying as ever. Thousands of newspapers, magazines and books. Ten puzzle types. One engaging platform. The PressReader platform faithfully recreates the reading experience of thousands of newspapers and magazines from across the globe in digital form. Now it recreates the experience of tackling the daily newspaper puzzle section, too. How many puzzles does PressReader offer? PressReader provides users with 10 puzzle types that can be played directly on PressReader.com (both on desktop and mobile), including codewords, crosswords, pathfinder and more.How often are new puzzles added? New puzzles are added daily, just like a daily newspaper! Users can also access puzzles from the previous 28 days.What are the features of PressReader Puzzles? Feature Description Rules explain to the user how the game or puzzle works Hint offers hints for current steps, or solves the puzzle entirely Check checks whether the user’s current solution is correct Timer counts down the time to complete the puzzle (users can pause or continue the timer as desired) Can users track their puzzle progress? Yes, completed puzzles will show a check mark. Puzzles in progress will display a pause icon.Can users play PressReader Puzzles offline? No, downloading puzzles for offline play is currently not supported.Can I see how people are using puzzles on my PressReader? Yes, there is a report showing how many users played the puzzles and which ones they engaged with. 21．(2.5分)What is PressReader? A．A newspaper. B．A digital news platform. C．A printing company. D．A new type of puzzle game. 22．(2.5分)How long are previous puzzles available to PressReader users? A．1 day. B．7 days. C．10 days. D．28 days. 23．(2.5分)What do PressReader Puzzles offer? A．Daily rankings. B．Offline downloads. C．Real-time matches with other users. D．Interactive playing with guidance. （本题10分）Due to social events in recent years, the relationship between social media and teenagers’ mental health has been under heated discussion. On Sept 30, a British court decided that content on social media platforms contributed to the depression of 14-year-old Molly Russell. Russell interacted with 2,100 posts related to pessimism, self-harm in the six months, leading up to her depression, reported the observer website. The correlation has also been proved by science. A study in 2019 showed that the frequent use of social media by teenagers can lead to a decrease in their mental health. So, how can we make sure that teenagers won’t get hurt while using social media? Chan, 18, from the University of Macao shared her experience. Chan said that she once came across short videos romanticizing mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. She immediately reported them to the platform. But she said that the users’ power to regulate videos is still limited. “It is ultimately the responsibility of the social media platforms to erase content that is potentially harmful.” She also noticed that the age of social media users has become increasingly younger. Society should pay attention to this, she said. “Since it’s not possible to cut off access to social media for younger users, why not introduce a ‘supervision mode’ with which parents can regulate the content to be viewed by teenagers beforehand?” she said. Wu Chengyu, 18, studies at Tianjin Experimental High School. He said that several years ago he came across a game that lures teenagers to self-abuse and depression. He quickly chose to ignore it so he wouldn’t be influenced. This is the same way he reacts when exposed to negative content on social media. In Wu’s opinion, teenagers today should improve their social media literacy (素养), telling real from fake and good from bad. “Also, everyone can be a content creator on social media.” he said, “We should all strengthen our awareness of ethics”. 24．(2.5分)What led to Russell’s depression according to a British court? A．Her interaction with others online. B．Negative information on social media platforms. C．Short videos she watched on the Internet. D．Her addiction to online posts. 25．(2.5分)Which of the following statements does Chan probably agree with? A．The number of younger social media users should be limited. B．A supervision mode ought to be introduced by parents. C．Parents should monitor the content to be viewed by teenagers in advance. D．It is the responsibility of the society to romanticize mental illnesses. 26．(2.5分)Who should be ultimately responsible for removing negative content according to Chan? A．Parents. B．Internet users. C．Content creators. D．Social media platforms. 27．(2.5分)What does Wu suggest teenagers should do? A．Use social media wisely. B．Reduce social media usage. C．Stay away from online games. D．Learn more about social media. （本题10分）Computer hackers (黑客), in order to get more secret information, constantly improve at breaking into cyberdefenses (网络防御系统) to steal valuable documents. So some researchers propose using an artificial-intelligence algorithm (算法) to hopelessly confuse them, once they break in, by hiding the real deal in a mountain of misleading documents and information. The algorithm, called Word Embedding-based Fake Online Repository Generation Engine (WE-FORGE), creates decoys of patents under development. If hackers were after, say, the recipe for a new drug, they would have to find the relevant needle in a sea of false documents. This could mean checking each recipe in detail — and perhaps investing in a few dead-end ones. “The name of the game here is, ‘Make it harder,’” explains Subrahmanian, its developer, Dartmouth College Cyber Security researcher. “Pain those stealing from you.” Subrahmanian says he tackled this project after reading that companies are unaware of new kinds of cyberattacks for an average of 312 days after they begin. “Hackers have almost a year to decamp with all our documents, patents and intellectual property,” he says. “They have stolen almost everything. It’s not just the crown jewels — it’s the crown jewels, and the jewels of the cleaning lady, and the watch of the secretary!” The system produces convincing traps by searching through a document for key words. For each one it finds, it calculates a list of related concepts and replaces the original term with one chosen at random. The process can produce dozens of documents that contain no patent information but still look credible. Subrahmanian and his team asked computer science and chemistry graduates to evaluate real and false patents from their respective fields. And the humans found the WE-FORGE-created documents highly believable. WE-FORGE might eventually expand its boundary. Subrahmanian thinks this research will attract commercial interest. “I could definitely see an organization investing in this type of product,” he says. “If this creates believable decoys without releasing sensitive details within those traps, then I think you’ve got a huge win there.” 28．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “decoys” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Original terms. B．Cyber securities C．Misleading documents. D．Computer operating systems. 29．(2.5分)What can be inferred from Subrahmanian’s words in Paragraph 3? A．Hackers are greedy. B．The network is unreliable. C．The companies are wealthy. D．Intellectual property is diverse. 30．(2.5分)What can we learn from Paragraph 4 about the WE-FORGE-created documents? A．They are reproduced. B．They are randomly organized. C．They are free from human involvement. D．They are likely mistaken for real documents. 31．(2.5分)What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning WE-FORGE? A．Its public response. B．Its market potential. C．Its information safety. D．Its planned expansion. （本题10分）In our increasingly online lives, convenience has come at a cost. Researchers at the Applied Social Media Lab at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society say the current system puts your privacy at risk and makes you more vulnerable to identity theft, and they have a plan to fix it. As part of a digital identity symposium in April, engineers from ASML launched the Keyring wallet, an open-source identity verification (证明) tool. Keyring, which was developed in collaboration with the Linux Foundation’s Decentralized Trust Graph Working Group, was designed around a user-owned identity wallet where users can share a specific but limited aspect of their identity. That might mean revealing age but not birth date; or they possess an account with a specific email provider without disclosing the username. To use the wallet, users prove their identity through biometric data such as a fingerprint or face scan, which is only stored on the user’s cellphone. Keyring also supports verification of in-person connections without a company operating as an intermediary (中间人). For instance, two people who meet at a professional conference could securely verify their identities and confirm they met in person without handing over their data to a service like LinkedIn. Each securely verified connection contributes to what researchers call a decentralized trust graph: there is no centralized database of identity data, but each user can be sure of the proof of everyone in their network. Nicole Brennan, senior UX designer, said one of the main goals for Keyring is ease of use. According to Yajaira Gonzalez, a product leader at ASML, the technology’s main challenge is buy-in from institutions, governments, and corporations, because they would need to issue and recognize verified proof. “Currently they do benefit a lot from owning and controlling your data, because at the end of the day, they monetize it.” Gonzalez said her main hope was for a grassroots movement demanding greater control over user data. 32．(2.5分)Why did the researchers launch the Keyring wallet? A．To fight against online theft. B．To fix the danger of data loss. C．To cut the cost of convenience. D．To protect users’ online privacy. 33．(2.5分)What do Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 focus on? A．The technical theory and backup. B．The key features and functions. C．The comparison with traditional tools. D．The role of the Linux Foundation. 34．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “monetize” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．Make profits from. B．Keep track of. C．Cut down on. D．Restrict access to. 35．(2.5分)What is the best title for this passage? A．Risks of Exposing Personal Information Online B．A New Tool for Protecting Digital Identity Online C．Various Ways to Complete Identity Verification Online D．Public Efforts to Regulate the Use of User Data Online （本题12.5分）A Super Useful Sharing App Now there’s a common problem: Many families have a lot of things that are not often used. Most of the time, they just take up valuable storage space and collect dust, yet people don’t want to throw them away because they might need them someday. 36(2.5分) This app is designed to connect people in the same area. It lets users rent (租) or borrow items directly from nearby neighbors. Need a special kitchen machine for a holiday meal? 37(2.5分) You can find and rent exactly what you need on the app in just a few simple steps. 38(2.5分) It is simple and safe to use: Owners set their own reasonable rental prices, and the platform includes useful features like in-app payments and user checks. These details help build trust between renters and owners, making the whole thing easy and worry-free. It’s especially popular in crowded cities, where living space is often limited. Popular rented items cover a wide range of needs. 39(2.5分) Renting is much cheaper than buying, especially for things used only once in a while. You also don’t need to worry about finding space to store them after use or dealing with repairs. More importantly, the app builds a positive sharing way of life. It helps people save money and reduce unnecessary waste — both great for the environment. Besides, it lets neighbors meet and connect over shared needs, turning strangers into people they know. 40(2.5分) All in all, the app brings environmental, money-saving, and social benefits to everyone involved, making sharing a convenient and rewarding choice. A．The app has won great popularity. B．To solve this, a new app was created. C．Or a tent for a weekend camping trip? D．Why not sell these unused things online? E．Many people use this app to sell old things quickly. F．This small communication builds closer, friendlier communities. G．Examples include daily products like kitchen machines or small home things. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 41 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 42 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 43 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are complex systems of systems that have always 44 vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 45 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 46 for the better. 47 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 48 city operations. Despite the seeming 49 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists, considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 50 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 51 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 52 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 53 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 54 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a cooperative and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to 55 the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 41．(1分)A．reason B．potential C．hope D．occasion 42．(1分)A．upgrading B．enlarging C．altering D．employing 43．(1分)A．systems B．applications C．devices D．guides 44．(1分)A．weathered B．generated C．adored D．existed 45．(1分)A．sources B．users C．overseers D．means 46．(1分)A．city living B．urban planning C．traffic flow D．basic facilities 47．(1分)A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Thus 48．(1分)A．guide B．apply C．advise D．order 49．(1分)A．specialty B．need C．decrease D．lack 50．(1分)A．decreased B．reformed C．advanced D．increased 51．(1分)A．talents B．capabilities C．qualities D．performances 52．(1分)A．accidentally B．surprisingly C．willingly D．determinedly 53．(1分)A．confidential B．efficiency C．biological D．social 54．(1分)A．community B．performance C．unity D．recreation 55．(1分)A．overlook B．increase C．predict D．address 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Schools in the UK are making 56(1.5分) effort to help deal with the growing teacher shortage with the use of classroom robots. So far, two primary schools in Plymouth 57(1.5分) (start) to use the machines as possible replacements (替代) for teaching assistants. Britain’s lack of teaching staff has been a serious problem over the last twenty years. 58(1.5分) (graduate) are unwilling to enter the primary education department. Many teachers are giving up the teaching jobs for careers in other fields, 59(1.5分) makes matters worse. Facing this 60(1.5分) (alarm) shortage, some schools believe that robots might soon be able to fill the gap. Tests have found that, by 61(1.5分) (show) various classroom techniques, teachers can train the robots to be teachers in a real teaching setting within just three hours. In one example, the robot teacher 62(1.5分) (success) guided the students through difficult tasks, giving them praise and 63(1.5分) (encourage) when necessary. The project has been met with 64(1.5分) (mix) feelings from teachers. Some are concerned that the robots are here to take their jobs while others optimistically regard the machines 65(1.5分) a way to reduce their heavy workloads. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华,请你以学生会的名义在校英语报上写一篇倡议书，呼吁同学们预防网络成瘾。内容包括: 1.沉迷网络的危害; 2.可行的预防措施。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A boy on skates turned around the corner very fast and crashed into me before I jumped out of the way. We fell together and the box I’d been carrying flew from my hands and landed in the street. A moment later, a car drove past, sending the box spinning in circles. The skater got up, said sorry, and sped away around the corner. “Are you OK, Emily?” Aiden asked. “I think so.” I stood up and slowly moved my aching arm. “Oh no! Look at Mom’s present!” Aiden’s face was red. I picked up the crushed box and opened it. The flower vases inside were broken. I closed the box and left it in a garbage can on the sidewalk, then started hurrying toward home. Aiden had to run at full speed to keep up with me. When we got to the apartment, we threw ourselves down on chairs in the kitchen. “It isn’t fair! Why did that happen?” Aiden said. “I didn’t even see that guy! He came out of nowhere,” I said angrily. Aiden’s lips trembled. “Mom would love those vases.” We’d saved our money for weeks to buy vases of pink flowers for Mom’s birthday. We have other vases, but not a full set that matches. I wished I could throw something against the wall and scream, but I knew I couldn’t. I’m the older one. I had to hold it together. “I want to make her happy,” Aiden said. “We’ll think of something else to give her as her present,” I said, trying to cheer up Aiden. “Like what?” he asked. “We don’t have any money left.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 I swallowed hard and said, “Maybe we can make a present for Mom.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Aiden saw tears rolling down Mom’s cheeks, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 3 The Internet 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation probably take place? A．Over the phone. B．At the police station. C．In the Lost and Found. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Hello, sir. I would like to report to you that my bag is missing. M: Where did you leave it? W: I put it on the bench in the city park and went to the public rest room. When I came back, my bag was gone. M: Hold the line, please. I will check to see if my fellow workers got lost items. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the man ask the woman to do? A．Offer her opinions. B．Help him with a project. C．Learn more about technology. 【答案】A 【原文】M: So as an expert, what new Tech do you think we’ll see in 2025? W: We’ll continue to see improvements in machine learning and computer intelligence, leading to progress in the Internet of things and 5G. I also hope to see new clean energy Tech coming into the market. 3．（本题1.5分）What makes Rexy famous? A．His strange appearance. B．His cute emojis. C．His life skills. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Hey, have you met Rexy? W: No. Who is he? M: He’s a disabled cat known for his living emojis. His back doesn’t work, but he still lives his best life every day. He’s like a walking talking emoji of happiness. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A dairy product. B．A high-tech farm. C．A power plant. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Jacob, have you heard about Spreca Farm? M: No, not at all. Is there anything special about it? W: Yes. It is a high-tech Bosnian dairy farm. It is among the first to turn animal waste into electricity. Once the farm is fully operational, it’ll be able to produce 600 kilowatts per hour. 5．（本题1.5分）What causes the man’s monthly bill to vary? A．The added taxes and service fees. B．The data his family uses. C．The number of calls. 【答案】A 【原文】W: How much is your phone bill each month? M: Well, I’m on a family plan including unlimited calls, texts and data. But the final amount changes a little every month because of extra taxes and service fees. Usually around 50 dollars, I’d say. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)Why should the window be closed? A．To block out light. B．To keep out the cold air. C．To prevent insects from entering. 7．(1.5分)Where do the speakers live? A．In a village. B．In a city. C．In a town. 【答案】6．C 7．A 【原文】W: Close your bedroom window, Tom. M: Why? I need fresh air. W: The light attracts insects at this time of day. We’ve been having that problem in this mountain village. M: That sounds terrible. I really hate insects. Can we rent a house in town? W: No need. There’s no problem as long as you close your bedroom window. Besides, the rent will be much cheaper here. M: But now I’m feeling terribly scared. W: Be a man, dear. M: I will, Mom. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Reporter and manager. B．Customer and salesman. C．Housewife and shopkeeper. 9．(1.5分)What is the robot programmed to do? A．Shopping and calculating. B．Repairing and guarding. C．Cleaning and washing. 10．(1.5分)What does the woman think of the new home? A．It’s safe enough. B．It’s too expensive. C．It’s worth buying. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Tompkins. Our newspaper is going to print an article about new products. Could you tell me about the new home your company has built? I understand it promises to be a model for the houses of the future. M: Certainly. The idea is not to have a house full of different things. This is a complete home system. It will make people’s lives easier. W: OK! So tell me how this house will make my life easier? M: When you arrive at the front door, you won’t need a key. The door will open with a touch of your finger. You’ll be able to call your refrigerator when you’re at the grocery store and find out how much you need to buy. Isn’t it wonderful? W: Can I call the washing machine as well? M: Sure. But you won’t need to. The house comes with a robot. It is programmed to clean the house and do the washing. W: What does it cost? M: A million dollars. W: A million dollars! It will be the 22nd century before I can afford to buy one! （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Why did John make an app? A．To finish a project. B．To make money. C．To have fun. 12．(1.5分)What is the advantage of the app? A．It provides teaching material. B．It has many video games. C．It gives fun quizzes. 13．(1.5分)What does John think of the app? A．It’s costly. B．It’s difficult. C．It’s popular. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．C 【原文】W: John, when did you create your app Gimkit? M: I did that in the year 2019. W: Why did you create it? M: I was in my junior year at a public high school then. My school required us to take part in projects. My project that year required me to make an app. W: What inspired you to make such an app? M: Back then some of my classmates complained that they didn’t like preparing for their exams. They found it boring. So I wanted to create an app that could make learning more fun. In the end I created an app that lets teachers create resources in the form of game-style quizzes. W: Is it helpful? M: I think so. Students love using it. Now it is used by learners in more than 100 countries across the world. Research shows that it can increase learning by up to 14%. W: I’ll certainly introduce it to my younger brother. I hope it can help him learn better. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What does the woman probably do? A．A manager. B．A headmaster. C．A technician. 15．(1.5分)What is Jason’s strength? A．Being good at product design. B．Getting on well with customers. C．Providing necessary information. 16．(1.5分)What area does Jason need to improve? A．Training workers. B．Time management. C．Problem-solving skills. 17．(1.5分)What are the speakers doing? A．Conducting a job interview. B．Organizing a meeting. C．Discussing a project. 【答案】14．A 15．B 16．B 17．A 【原文】W: So, Jason, I have a few questions for you. M: Go ahead. W: Could you explain why you believe you’re a good fit for our team? M: Certainly. One of my strengths is building long-term customer relationships. For example, when I headed the customer support department at my previous company, our team resolved about three-quarters of our customer issues. I decided we needed better information and technical preparation on our products. So after I conducted a few training exercises with our technical department, we were able to do much better. Given the opportunity, I’m confident I can copy this success here. W: Amazing! What would you say is your weakness? M: Honestly, my main challenge has been time management. I find it hard to organize my time. However, I have recently attended a workshop on time management and efficiency, which has helped me overcome this issue. W: Excellent! We will let you know our decision by next week. M: Thank you. I look forward to hearing from you. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)Who is the speaker probably talking to? A．Company owners. B．Language professors. C．College students. 19．(1.5分)What’s the speaker mainly talking about? A．Media impacts. B．Email customs. C．Business guidelines. 20．(1.5分)What’s the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Avoiding using capitals in emails. B．Responding to customers in time. C．Having formal training in writing. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．A 【原文】 Though social media and messaging apps have taken over some of the roles from email as a form of communication, email is likely to keep an important role for business communication in the future. Surprisingly, though, a lot of companies and organizations lack formal guidelines for emailing. As most of you will soon be entering the workforce, I would like to share with you my own rules for emailing. If someone sends you an email, reply to the sender to acknowledge the email. It’s not necessary to reply to a mass email sent to numerous people. But it’s common politeness to respond to a personal message, preferably within 24 hours of receiving it. It’s also important to use proper English. Think of an email as a letter. Spelling, grammar and even the format should not be overlooked. And finally, never use capitals to emphasize a word or words in an email. It’s the same as shouting loudly. Alright, that’s as steep as the explanation goes. Now I’m going to open up for questions. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）The most inviting part of a newspaper isn’t always the headlines on the front page. For many, it’s the puzzles in the back, which have been a mainstay since they were pioneered in The New York World in 1913. Puzzles combine the thrill of an engaging challenge with the relaxation of a mindful exercise. That’s why PressReader has made not just news, but puzzles digital, providing a more convenient and sustainable option for puzzlers. From pen and paper to click and tap, puzzles have found a new home. But one thing’s for certain, they’re as satisfying as ever. Thousands of newspapers, magazines and books. Ten puzzle types. One engaging platform. The PressReader platform faithfully recreates the reading experience of thousands of newspapers and magazines from across the globe in digital form. Now it recreates the experience of tackling the daily newspaper puzzle section, too. How many puzzles does PressReader offer? PressReader provides users with 10 puzzle types that can be played directly on PressReader.com (both on desktop and mobile), including codewords, crosswords, pathfinder and more.How often are new puzzles added? New puzzles are added daily, just like a daily newspaper! Users can also access puzzles from the previous 28 days.What are the features of PressReader Puzzles? Feature Description Rules explain to the user how the game or puzzle works Hint offers hints for current steps, or solves the puzzle entirely Check checks whether the user’s current solution is correct Timer counts down the time to complete the puzzle (users can pause or continue the timer as desired) Can users track their puzzle progress? Yes, completed puzzles will show a check mark. Puzzles in progress will display a pause icon.Can users play PressReader Puzzles offline? No, downloading puzzles for offline play is currently not supported.Can I see how people are using puzzles on my PressReader? Yes, there is a report showing how many users played the puzzles and which ones they engaged with. 21．(2.5分)What is PressReader? A．A newspaper. B．A digital news platform. C．A printing company. D．A new type of puzzle game. 22．(2.5分)How long are previous puzzles available to PressReader users? A．1 day. B．7 days. C．10 days. D．28 days. 23．(2.5分)What do PressReader Puzzles offer? A．Daily rankings. B．Offline downloads. C．Real-time matches with other users. D．Interactive playing with guidance. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．D 【导语】PressReader是数字新闻平台，上线了十种报纸经典谜题，每日更新，保留近28天内容。它自带提示、计时等功能，可查看游玩进度，但暂不支持离线使用。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第二段“The PressReader platform faithfully recreates the reading experience of thousands of newspapers and magazines from across the globe in digital form.(PressReader平台能够将全球数千家报纸和杂志的阅读体验以数字化形式完美呈现出来)”可知，PressReader是一个数字新闻平台。 22．细节理解题。根据How often are new puzzles added?部分“Users can also access puzzles from the previous 28 days.(用户还可以访问过去28天内的谜题)”可知，以往的谜题在PressReader用户中可使用28天。 23．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“No, downloading puzzles for offline play is currently not supported.(不，目前不支持下载用于离线玩的谜题)”以及What are the features of PressReader Puzzles?部分可知，PressReader谜题提供规则说明、步骤提示、答案检查、进度追踪等功能，原文未提及“每日排名”以及“和其他用户实时匹配”，PressReader Puzzles提供有指导的互动游戏。 （本题10分）Due to social events in recent years, the relationship between social media and teenagers’ mental health has been under heated discussion. On Sept 30, a British court decided that content on social media platforms contributed to the depression of 14-year-old Molly Russell. Russell interacted with 2,100 posts related to pessimism, self-harm in the six months, leading up to her depression, reported the observer website. The correlation has also been proved by science. A study in 2019 showed that the frequent use of social media by teenagers can lead to a decrease in their mental health. So, how can we make sure that teenagers won’t get hurt while using social media? Chan, 18, from the University of Macao shared her experience. Chan said that she once came across short videos romanticizing mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. She immediately reported them to the platform. But she said that the users’ power to regulate videos is still limited. “It is ultimately the responsibility of the social media platforms to erase content that is potentially harmful.” She also noticed that the age of social media users has become increasingly younger. Society should pay attention to this, she said. “Since it’s not possible to cut off access to social media for younger users, why not introduce a ‘supervision mode’ with which parents can regulate the content to be viewed by teenagers beforehand?” she said. Wu Chengyu, 18, studies at Tianjin Experimental High School. He said that several years ago he came across a game that lures teenagers to self-abuse and depression. He quickly chose to ignore it so he wouldn’t be influenced. This is the same way he reacts when exposed to negative content on social media. In Wu’s opinion, teenagers today should improve their social media literacy (素养), telling real from fake and good from bad. “Also, everyone can be a content creator on social media.” he said, “We should all strengthen our awareness of ethics”. 24．(2.5分)What led to Russell’s depression according to a British court? A．Her interaction with others online. B．Negative information on social media platforms. C．Short videos she watched on the Internet. D．Her addiction to online posts. 25．(2.5分)Which of the following statements does Chan probably agree with? A．The number of younger social media users should be limited. B．A supervision mode ought to be introduced by parents. C．Parents should monitor the content to be viewed by teenagers in advance. D．It is the responsibility of the society to romanticize mental illnesses. 26．(2.5分)Who should be ultimately responsible for removing negative content according to Chan? A．Parents. B．Internet users. C．Content creators. D．Social media platforms. 27．(2.5分)What does Wu suggest teenagers should do? A．Use social media wisely. B．Reduce social media usage. C．Stay away from online games. D．Learn more about social media. 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响及应对措施，包括案例、建议等。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“On Sept 30, a British court decided that content on social media platforms contributed to the depression of 14-year-old Molly Russell.(9月30日，英国一家法院裁定，社交媒体平台上的内容导致了14岁的莫莉·拉塞尔的抑郁)”可知，社交媒体平台上的负面信息导致了拉塞尔的抑郁。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据第五段中““Since it’s not possible to cut off access to social media for younger users, why not introduce a ‘supervision mode’ with which parents can regulate the content to be viewed by teenagers beforehand?” she said.(“既然不可能切断年轻用户对社交媒体的访问，为什么不引入一种‘监督模式’，让父母可以事先控制青少年观看的内容呢？”她说)”可知，Chan认为应该让父母提前控制青少年观看的内容，即父母应该提前监管青少年要观看的内容。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据第五段中““It is ultimately the responsibility of the social media platforms to erase content that is potentially harmful.”(“最终，删除潜在有害内容是社交媒体平台的责任。”)”可知，Chan认为社交媒体平台最终应该对删除负面内容负责。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In Wu’s opinion, teenagers today should improve their social media literacy (素养), telling real from fake and good from bad.(在吴看来，现在的青少年应该提高自己的社交媒体素养，辨别真假好坏)”可知，吴建议青少年应该明智地使用社交媒体。故选A。 （本题10分）Computer hackers (黑客), in order to get more secret information, constantly improve at breaking into cyberdefenses (网络防御系统) to steal valuable documents. So some researchers propose using an artificial-intelligence algorithm (算法) to hopelessly confuse them, once they break in, by hiding the real deal in a mountain of misleading documents and information. The algorithm, called Word Embedding-based Fake Online Repository Generation Engine (WE-FORGE), creates decoys of patents under development. If hackers were after, say, the recipe for a new drug, they would have to find the relevant needle in a sea of false documents. This could mean checking each recipe in detail — and perhaps investing in a few dead-end ones. “The name of the game here is, ‘Make it harder,’” explains Subrahmanian, its developer, Dartmouth College Cyber Security researcher. “Pain those stealing from you.” Subrahmanian says he tackled this project after reading that companies are unaware of new kinds of cyberattacks for an average of 312 days after they begin. “Hackers have almost a year to decamp with all our documents, patents and intellectual property,” he says. “They have stolen almost everything. It’s not just the crown jewels — it’s the crown jewels, and the jewels of the cleaning lady, and the watch of the secretary!” The system produces convincing traps by searching through a document for key words. For each one it finds, it calculates a list of related concepts and replaces the original term with one chosen at random. The process can produce dozens of documents that contain no patent information but still look credible. Subrahmanian and his team asked computer science and chemistry graduates to evaluate real and false patents from their respective fields. And the humans found the WE-FORGE-created documents highly believable. WE-FORGE might eventually expand its boundary. Subrahmanian thinks this research will attract commercial interest. “I could definitely see an organization investing in this type of product,” he says. “If this creates believable decoys without releasing sensitive details within those traps, then I think you’ve got a huge win there.” 28．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “decoys” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Original terms. B．Cyber securities C．Misleading documents. D．Computer operating systems. 29．(2.5分)What can be inferred from Subrahmanian’s words in Paragraph 3? A．Hackers are greedy. B．The network is unreliable. C．The companies are wealthy. D．Intellectual property is diverse. 30．(2.5分)What can we learn from Paragraph 4 about the WE-FORGE-created documents? A．They are reproduced. B．They are randomly organized. C．They are free from human involvement. D．They are likely mistaken for real documents. 31．(2.5分)What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning WE-FORGE? A．Its public response. B．Its market potential. C．Its information safety. D．Its planned expansion. 【答案】28．C 29．A 30．D 31．B 【导语】本文介绍了一款名为WE-FORGE的人工智能算法，该算法可生成大量逼真的虚假文件迷惑黑客，从而保护企业机密知识产权，介绍了其工作原理、实际效果以及潜在的商业价值。 【详解】28．词句猜测题。根据第一段“So some researchers propose using an artificial-intelligence algorithm (算法) to hopelessly confuse them, once they break in, by hiding the real deal in a mountain of misleading documents and information. (因此，一些研究人员提出可以利用一种人工智能算法来对他们进行“彻底的迷惑”。一旦他们入侵系统，这种算法会将真正的信息隐藏在大量误导性的文件和信息之中，从而让他们难以找到真实的内容。)”以及第二段“in a sea of false documents (海量虚假文件)”可知，该算法生成的decoys是用于迷惑黑客的误导性虚假文件。 29．推理判断题。根据第三段“They have stolen almost everything. It’s not just the crown jewels — it’s the crown jewels, and the jewels of the cleaning lady, and the watch of the secretary! (他们（指黑客）几乎偷走了所有东西。这可不只是王室的珍宝——还有清洁女工的珠宝、秘书的手表。)”可知，这句话说明黑客几乎偷走了所有东西，不仅是核心机密，连普通资料也不放过，体现出黑客极其贪婪的特点。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段“And the humans found the WE-FORGE-created documents highly believable (研究人员发现，这些由WE伪造机构制作的文件极具可信度。)”可知，这些伪造文件足以以假乱真，容易被误认为是真实文件。 31．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“this research will attract commercial interest (这项研究将引起商业兴趣)”和“I could definitely see an organization investing in this type of product (我完全能理解一个组织为何会投资这类产品。)”可知，本段主要讲述WE-FORGE的商业价值与市场潜力。 （本题10分）In our increasingly online lives, convenience has come at a cost. Researchers at the Applied Social Media Lab at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society say the current system puts your privacy at risk and makes you more vulnerable to identity theft, and they have a plan to fix it. As part of a digital identity symposium in April, engineers from ASML launched the Keyring wallet, an open-source identity verification (证明) tool. Keyring, which was developed in collaboration with the Linux Foundation’s Decentralized Trust Graph Working Group, was designed around a user-owned identity wallet where users can share a specific but limited aspect of their identity. That might mean revealing age but not birth date; or they possess an account with a specific email provider without disclosing the username. To use the wallet, users prove their identity through biometric data such as a fingerprint or face scan, which is only stored on the user’s cellphone. Keyring also supports verification of in-person connections without a company operating as an intermediary (中间人). For instance, two people who meet at a professional conference could securely verify their identities and confirm they met in person without handing over their data to a service like LinkedIn. Each securely verified connection contributes to what researchers call a decentralized trust graph: there is no centralized database of identity data, but each user can be sure of the proof of everyone in their network. Nicole Brennan, senior UX designer, said one of the main goals for Keyring is ease of use. According to Yajaira Gonzalez, a product leader at ASML, the technology’s main challenge is buy-in from institutions, governments, and corporations, because they would need to issue and recognize verified proof. “Currently they do benefit a lot from owning and controlling your data, because at the end of the day, they monetize it.” Gonzalez said her main hope was for a grassroots movement demanding greater control over user data. 32．(2.5分)Why did the researchers launch the Keyring wallet? A．To fight against online theft. B．To fix the danger of data loss. C．To cut the cost of convenience. D．To protect users’ online privacy. 33．(2.5分)What do Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 focus on? A．The technical theory and backup. B．The key features and functions. C．The comparison with traditional tools. D．The role of the Linux Foundation. 34．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “monetize” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．Make profits from. B．Keep track of. C．Cut down on. D．Restrict access to. 35．(2.5分)What is the best title for this passage? A．Risks of Exposing Personal Information Online B．A New Tool for Protecting Digital Identity Online C．Various Ways to Complete Identity Verification Online D．Public Efforts to Regulate the Use of User Data Online 【答案】32．D 33．B 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了研究人员推出的一款名为“Keyring wallet”的开源身份验证工具，说明了该工具的开发背景、特点功能以及发展面临的挑战。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Researchers at the Applied Social Media Lab at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society say the current system puts your privacy at risk and makes you more vulnerable to identity theft, and they have a plan to fix it.(伯克曼·克莱因互联网与社会中心应用社交媒体实验室的研究人员表示，当前的系统会危及你的隐私，并使你更容易遭受身份盗窃，他们为此提出了一项解决方案。)”可知，现有网络体系威胁隐私，他们有方案解决这一威胁；并在文章的第二段内容“As part of a digital identity symposium in April, engineers from ASML launched the Keyring wallet, an open-source identity verification tool.(作为四月数字身份研讨会的一部分，ASML的工程师推出了Keyring wallet，这是一款开源的身份验证工具。)”提出了Keyring wallet这一工具。因此，Keyring就是用来解决隐私风险、保护线上数字身份隐私。 33．主旨大意题。根据第三段的关键内容“Keyring…was designed around a user-owned identity wallet where users can share a specific but limited aspect of their identity(Keyring……其设计围绕用户拥有的身份钱包展开，用户可共享自身身份中特定但有限的部分)”以及“To use the wallet, users prove their identity through biometric data such as a fingerprint or face scan, which is only stored on the user’s cellphone.(使用钱包时，用户需通过指纹或面部扫描等生物识别数据验证身份，这些信息仅存储在用户的手机上。)”可知，该段介绍了Keyring的核心功能——用户自主掌控身份信息，仅选择性披露部分资料，生物信息仅储存在本地手机；而根据第四段关键句“Keyring also supports verification of in-person connections without a company operating as an intermediary.(Keyring还支持在没有公司作为中介的情况下验证面对面的联系。)”可知，该段主要强调使用Keyring时，无需第三方中介完成线下身份核验。因此可总结，这两段完整介绍 Keyring 两大核心使用功能与设计特色。 34．词句猜测题。根据前文“Currently they do benefit a lot from owning and controlling your data(目前，他们从拥有和控制你的数据中获益良多)”提及企业用户从中获得了很多好处，而画线单词所在部分“because at the end of the day, they monetize it”用连词 because引导，解释了“获益良多”的原因，结合生活常识可知，企业用户通常会将数据通过一些方式变现获利。因此推知，“monetize”可理解为“从中获利”含义，与A项“Make profits from.(从……获利。)”一致。 35．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章的第二段内容“As part of a digital identity symposium in April, engineers from ASML launched the Keyring wallet, an open-source identity verification tool.(作为四月数字身份研讨会的一部分，ASML的工程师推出了Keyring钱包，这是一款开源的身份验证工具。)”为核心主旨，即，文章核心围绕一款全新的保护线上数字身份的工具Keyring展开介绍，因此最合适的标题是B项“A New Tool for Protecting Digital Identity Online(一种保护在线数字身份的新工具)”。 （本题12.5分）A Super Useful Sharing App Now there’s a common problem: Many families have a lot of things that are not often used. Most of the time, they just take up valuable storage space and collect dust, yet people don’t want to throw them away because they might need them someday. 36(2.5分) This app is designed to connect people in the same area. It lets users rent (租) or borrow items directly from nearby neighbors. Need a special kitchen machine for a holiday meal? 37(2.5分) You can find and rent exactly what you need on the app in just a few simple steps. 38(2.5分) It is simple and safe to use: Owners set their own reasonable rental prices, and the platform includes useful features like in-app payments and user checks. These details help build trust between renters and owners, making the whole thing easy and worry-free. It’s especially popular in crowded cities, where living space is often limited. Popular rented items cover a wide range of needs. 39(2.5分) Renting is much cheaper than buying, especially for things used only once in a while. You also don’t need to worry about finding space to store them after use or dealing with repairs. More importantly, the app builds a positive sharing way of life. It helps people save money and reduce unnecessary waste — both great for the environment. Besides, it lets neighbors meet and connect over shared needs, turning strangers into people they know. 40(2.5分) All in all, the app brings environmental, money-saving, and social benefits to everyone involved, making sharing a convenient and rewarding choice. A．The app has won great popularity. B．To solve this, a new app was created. C．Or a tent for a weekend camping trip? D．Why not sell these unused things online? E．Many people use this app to sell old things quickly. F．This small communication builds closer, friendlier communities. G．Examples include daily products like kitchen machines or small home things. 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．A 39．G 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一款实用共享应用，可解决闲置物品存放问题，还能促进邻里共享、节能环保，兼具多重优势。 【详解】36．根据上文“Many families have a lot of things that are not often used. Most of the time, they just take up valuable storage space and collect dust, yet people don’t want to throw them away because they might need them someday. (很多家庭都有很多不常用的东西。大多数时候，它们只是占用宝贵的存储空间，积满灰尘，但人们又不想扔掉，因为说不定哪天会用到。)”以及下文“This app is designed to connect people in the same area. (这款应用旨在连接同一区域的人们。)”可知，此空需承接前文的闲置物品问题，引出后文的解决方案即这款共享应用，B选项“To solve this, a new app was created. (为了解决这个问题，一款新的应用程序应运而生。)”既回应了上文的问题，又自然引出下文对该app的介绍，符合语境。故选B项。 37．根据上文“Need a special kitchen machine for a holiday meal? (需要一台特殊的厨房用具来做节日大餐吗？)”以及下文“You can find and rent exactly what you need on the app in just a few simple steps. (只需几个简单的步骤，你就能在这款应用上找到并租到你需要的东西。)”可知，此空应与前文句式一致，列举另一种可能的租赁需求，C选项“Or a tent for a weekend camping trip? (或者需要一顶帐篷来度过周末露营之旅？)”中的“or”承接前文的疑问句，同样列举了租赁需求的例子，且衔接后文的应用租赁功能，符合语境。故选C项。 38．根据下文“It is simple and safe to use: Owners set their own reasonable rental prices, and the platform includes useful features like in-app payments and user checks. These details help build trust between renters and owners, making the whole thing easy and worry-free. It’s especially popular in crowded cities, where living space is often limited. (它使用起来简单又安全：物品所有者可以自行设定合理的租赁价格，平台还设有应用内支付和用户审核等实用功能。这些细节有助于在租客和物品所有者之间建立信任，让整个租赁过程轻松无忧。它在居住空间通常很有限的拥挤城市里尤其受欢迎。)”可知，本段主要讲述这款应用的优势和受欢迎程度，此空应作为段落主旨句，A选项“The app has won great popularity. (这款应用非常受欢迎。)”能够概括后文的内容，且与后文“especially popular”相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 39．根据上文“Popular rented items cover a wide range of needs. (热门租赁物品涵盖了各种各样的需求。)”以及下文“Renting is much cheaper than buying, especially for things used only once in a while. (租赁比购买便宜得多，尤其是对于那些偶尔才用一次的东西。)”可知，此空需承接前文，列举热门租赁物品的具体例子，G选项“Examples include daily products like kitchen machines or small home things. (例如厨房用具或小型家居用品等日常用品。)”中的“examples”对应前文的“wide range of needs”，且具体列举了租赁物品的类型，符合语境。故选G项。 40．根据上文“Besides, it lets neighbors meet and connect over shared needs, turning strangers into people they know. (此外，它还能让邻居们因为共同的需求而相识相知，将陌生人变成熟人。)”以及下文“All in all, the app brings environmental, money-saving, and social benefits to everyone involved, making sharing a convenient and rewarding choice. (总而言之，这款应用为所有使用者带来了环保、省钱和社交方面的好处，让共享成为一种便捷且有益的选择。)”可知，此空需承接前文的邻里社交内容，说明这种社交带来的影响，F选项“This small communication builds closer, friendlier communities. (这种小小的交流有助于建立更紧密、更友好的社区。)”中的“this small communication”指代前文的邻里相识相知，且衔接后文的社交好处，符合语境。故选F项。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 41 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 42 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 43 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are complex systems of systems that have always 44 vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 45 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 46 for the better. 47 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 48 city operations. Despite the seeming 49 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists, considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 50 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 51 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 52 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 53 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 54 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a cooperative and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to 55 the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 41．(1分)A．reason B．potential C．hope D．occasion 42．(1分)A．upgrading B．enlarging C．altering D．employing 43．(1分)A．systems B．applications C．devices D．guides 44．(1分)A．weathered B．generated C．adored D．existed 45．(1分)A．sources B．users C．overseers D．means 46．(1分)A．city living B．urban planning C．traffic flow D．basic facilities 47．(1分)A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Thus 48．(1分)A．guide B．apply C．advise D．order 49．(1分)A．specialty B．need C．decrease D．lack 50．(1分)A．decreased B．reformed C．advanced D．increased 51．(1分)A．talents B．capabilities C．qualities D．performances 52．(1分)A．accidentally B．surprisingly C．willingly D．determinedly 53．(1分)A．confidential B．efficiency C．biological D．social 54．(1分)A．community B．performance C．unity D．recreation 55．(1分)A．overlook B．increase C．predict D．address 【答案】 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．D 50．C 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．D 【导语】文章介绍了智慧城市依托传感器、大数据优化城市管理，同时指出老旧城市基建存在不足，随着移动科技进步，普通市民可借助手机参与城市治理，既带来发展机遇，也伴随相关问题，需要多方协作应对城市发展挑战。 【详解】41．考查名词。句意：智慧城市系统向居民播报交通拥堵、下一班公交车的抵达时间、洪水发生的可能性以及其他实用最新消息。A. reason原因；B. potential可能性；C. hope希望；D. occasion场合。根据后文“for flooding”可知，城市预警会提示洪水发生的潜在可能。 42．考查动词。句意：这种情况正在出现，因为各大城市正运用传感器信息流，更好地管理城市系统。A. upgrading升级；B. enlarging扩大；C. altering改变；D. employing使用。根据后文“the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better” 可知，城市在利用传感器信息开展管理工作。 43．考查名词。句意：到2020年，类似传感器这类设备的数量将达到500亿。A. systems系统；B. applications应用；C. devices设备；D. guides指南。根据后文“like these sensors”可知，传感器属于电子设备。 44．考查动词。句意：城市是层层嵌套的复杂系统，一直以来都会产生海量信息。A. weathered经受；B. generated产生；C. adored喜爱；D. existed存在。根据前文“Cities are complex systems of systems”及后文“ vast amounts of information”可知，城市运行会不断产出各类信息。 45．考查名词。句意：来自小型子系统（如城市小型蓄洪区）的流动信息，会与其他信息来源整合，为城市整体运转提供指导。A. sources来源；B. users使用者；C. overseers监督者；D. means方式。根据前文“Information flowing in from many small subsystems”提及各类小型信息系统，对应的是不同的信息来源。 46．考查名词短语。句意：源自复合系统的整合数据，以实用形式呈现给城市管理者，助力城市生活更好发展。A. city living城市生活；B. urban planning城市规划；C. traffic flow车流量；D. basic facilities基础设施。根据前文“city administrators”及“in useful formats”可知，城市管理者以有用的形式利用这些数据肯定会让城市生活变的更好。 47．考查连词。句意：然而，在许多城市，未来的人口增长将会给即便经验丰富的城市管理者带来挑战，许多城市陈旧的基础设施，并不具备收集所需数据的能力，无法指导城市运转。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Thus因此。根据后文“the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data”可知，前文讲述智慧城市的优势，本段转而介绍城市发展难题，前后为转折关系。 48．考查动词。句意同上。A. guide指导；B. apply应用；C. advise建议；D. order命令。根据前文“provide guidance on the overall operation of a city”可知，数据的作用是指导城市运行。 49．考查名词。句意：尽管收集数据的基础设施看似匮乏，但从台式电脑向移动设备转变的趋势下，我们仍有别的解决办法。A. specialty特色；B. need需求；C. decrease减少；D. lack缺乏。根据前文“ the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data”可知，旧基建功能不足，说明数据基建存在短缺问题。 50．考查动词。句意：在过去十年里，移动科技飞速发展，轻薄的智能手机能够收集各类数据，例如位置信息、当地温度以及环境噪音分贝。A. decreased减少；B. reformed改革；C. advanced发展；D. increased增加。根据后文“a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data”可知，手机可多功能采集数据，说明移动技术取得巨大进步。 51．考查名词。句意：此外，在不久的将来，更多功能不难实现，传感器将能够检测化学污染、局部光照、震动强度等指标。A. talents天赋；B. capabilities功能；C. qualities品质；D. performances表现。根据后文“sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more”罗列传感器新增检测功能，说明未来设备有更多功能。 52．考查副词。句意：这将开启一个全新的时代：市民能够参与城市管理，优化城市运行所需的部分数据，在一定程度上由市民通过手机应用自愿提供。A. accidentally意外地；B. surprisingly惊人地；C. willingly自愿地；D. determinedly坚定地。根据前文“citizens are able to participate in city management”可知，市民主动参与城市管理，是自发自愿分享信息。 53．考查形容词。句意：这也催生了复杂的社会问题，在迈入新时代的过程中，这些问题亟待解决。A. confidential机密的；B. efficiency效率；C. biological生物的；D. social社会的。根据前文“citizens are able to participate in city management”可知，全民参与城市治理，涉及大众公共生活，属于社会层面问题。 54．考查名词。句意：但与此同时，这也为市民创造了机会，让大家能够积极参与社区建设：不仅可以上报关键的环境与交通数据，还能主动行动，去解决身边遇到的各类问题。A. community社区；B. performance表现；C. unity团结；D. recreation娱乐。根据前文“for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their”可知，市民日常生活与社区紧密相关，参与治理可以改善社区环境。 55．考查动词。句意：这将是一场协作共建、信息互通的行动，借助信息技术推动社会变革，以应对未来数十年城市日益严峻的各类挑战。A. overlook忽视；B. increase增加；C. predict预测；D. address应对。根据后文“challenges”可知，文章旨在说明合力解决城市发展困境。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Schools in the UK are making 56(1.5分) effort to help deal with the growing teacher shortage with the use of classroom robots. So far, two primary schools in Plymouth 57(1.5分) (start) to use the machines as possible replacements (替代) for teaching assistants. Britain’s lack of teaching staff has been a serious problem over the last twenty years. 58(1.5分) (graduate) are unwilling to enter the primary education department. Many teachers are giving up the teaching jobs for careers in other fields, 59(1.5分) makes matters worse. Facing this 60(1.5分) (alarm) shortage, some schools believe that robots might soon be able to fill the gap. Tests have found that, by 61(1.5分) (show) various classroom techniques, teachers can train the robots to be teachers in a real teaching setting within just three hours. In one example, the robot teacher 62(1.5分) (success) guided the students through difficult tasks, giving them praise and 63(1.5分) (encourage) when necessary. The project has been met with 64(1.5分) (mix) feelings from teachers. Some are concerned that the robots are here to take their jobs while others optimistically regard the machines 65(1.5分) a way to reduce their heavy workloads. 【答案】 56．an 57．have started 58．Graduates 59．which 60．alarming 61．showing 62．successfully 63．encouragement 64．mixed 65．as 【导语】文章主要介绍了英国的学校正在尝试使用教室机器人来试图缓解不断增长的师资短缺问题。 【详解】56．考查冠词。句意：英国的学校正在努力通过使用课堂机器人来解决日益严重的教师短缺问题。此处考查固定搭配make an effort to do sth.，意为“努力做某事”，因此空处应用冠词an。 57．句意：到目前为止，普利茅斯的两所小学已经开始使用这种机器作为助教的替代品。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以空处作本句谓语，根据时间状语So far可知，应该用现在完成时，主语two primary schools为复数，助动词应用have。 58．句意：毕业生不愿意进入小学教育部门。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，graduate意为“大学毕业生”，为可数名词，根据are可知，graduate应用复数形式，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 59．句意：许多教师正在放弃教学工作，从事其他领域的职业，这使事情变得更糟。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词which引导从句。 60．句意：面对这种令人担忧的人才短缺，一些学校认为机器人可能很快就能填补这一空白。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，修饰shortage，描述的事物的性质，应该用-ing形式的形容词。 61．句意：测试发现，通过展示各种课堂技巧，教师可以在短短三个小时内将机器人训练成真实教学环境中的教师。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填动名词showing作宾语。 62．句意：在一个例子中，机器人老师成功地指导学生完成困难的任务，并在必要时给予他们表扬和鼓励。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词successfully修饰。 63．句意：在一个例子中，机器人老师成功地指导学生完成困难的任务，并在必要时给予他们表扬和鼓励。分析句子结构可知，空处和空前的praise并列，作giving的宾语，所以空处应填encourage的名词形式encouragement，为不可数名词。 64．句意：该项目在教师中引发了褒贬不一的反应。空处修饰名词feelings，应为mix的形容词mixed作定语。 65．句意：一些人担心机器人会抢走他们的工作，而另一些人则乐观地认为机器人可以减轻他们繁重的工作量。此处考查固定搭配regard… as…，意为“把……认作/视为……”，因此空处应用介词as。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华,请你以学生会的名义在校英语报上写一篇倡议书，呼吁同学们预防网络成瘾。内容包括: 1.沉迷网络的危害; 2.可行的预防措施。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】One possible version: Dear fellow students, Nowadays, more and more teenagers are spending too much time online. Overusing it may result in poor eyesight, sleep loss, and declining academic performance. Worse still, it isolates us from friends and family, leading to loneliness and stress. To prevent addiction, we can take the following steps. Set a clear time limit for daily online use — one hour at most. Replace screen time with sports, reading, or other hobbies. Also, turn off your phone or computer while doing homework and before bed. These small changes can make a big difference. Let’s take action now. Say no to Internet addiction and embrace a healthy life! The Students’ Union 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以学生会的名义，在校英语报上写一篇倡议书，呼吁同学们预防网络成瘾。内容需包含沉迷网络的危害及可行的预防措施。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 越来越多的：more and more → an increasing number of 导致：result in →contribute to 采取措施：take step → take measures 阻止：prevent → hold back 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To prevent addiction, we can take the following steps. 拓展句：What we can do to prevent addiction is to take the following steps. 【点睛】【高分句型】Overusing it may result in poor eyesight, sleep loss, and declining academic performance.(运用了动名词作主语) 【高分句型2】 Worse still, it isolates us from friends and family, leading to loneliness and stress.(运用了现在分词作结果状语) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A boy on skates turned around the corner very fast and crashed into me before I jumped out of the way. We fell together and the box I’d been carrying flew from my hands and landed in the street. A moment later, a car drove past, sending the box spinning in circles. The skater got up, said sorry, and sped away around the corner. “Are you OK, Emily?” Aiden asked. “I think so.” I stood up and slowly moved my aching arm. “Oh no! Look at Mom’s present!” Aiden’s face was red. I picked up the crushed box and opened it. The flower vases inside were broken. I closed the box and left it in a garbage can on the sidewalk, then started hurrying toward home. Aiden had to run at full speed to keep up with me. When we got to the apartment, we threw ourselves down on chairs in the kitchen. “It isn’t fair! Why did that happen?” Aiden said. “I didn’t even see that guy! He came out of nowhere,” I said angrily. Aiden’s lips trembled. “Mom would love those vases.” We’d saved our money for weeks to buy vases of pink flowers for Mom’s birthday. We have other vases, but not a full set that matches. I wished I could throw something against the wall and scream, but I knew I couldn’t. I’m the older one. I had to hold it together. “I want to make her happy,” Aiden said. “We’ll think of something else to give her as her present,” I said, trying to cheer up Aiden. “Like what?” he asked. “We don’t have any money left.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 I swallowed hard and said, “Maybe we can make a present for Mom.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Aiden saw tears rolling down Mom’s cheeks, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I swallowed hard and said, “Maybe we can make a present for Mom.” Aiden looked at me in confusion as if to ask how. The broken vases brought me a good idea — why not make a paper vase and decorate it with pictures? I poured out my plan to Aiden and he jumped to his feet with excitement. The next three days witnessed our effort to design, make and color the paper vase. Eventually, a special work of art was born! On Mom’s birthday, we carefully took it out and couldn’t wait to give Mom a surprise, only to find her eyes red and wet. When Aiden saw tears rolling down Mom’s cheeks, he asked anxiously, “Mom, you are crying! Are you sad about it?” His voice was worried and upset. But Mom put her hand gently on the paper vase as if it was the most precious jewel. Pulling us into her arms, she smiled brightly, “No. Never have I had a more beautiful present than this. I am just too moved.” Hearing the familiar laughter, how happy we were! How I wished Mom could laugh as often as possible! 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了文章讲述作者和弟弟好不容易攒钱给妈妈买了一份生日礼物——花瓶，但是在街上作者被一个男孩撞倒在地，花瓶碎掉了，他们沮丧地回了家。作为姐姐，作者知道自己必须承担起这件事，想办法弥补。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我艰难地咽了口唾沫，说：‘也许我们可以给妈妈制作一份礼物。’”可知，第一段可描写作者和弟弟给妈妈制作礼物的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“当Aiden看到妈妈泪流满面时，”可知，第二段可描写Aiden看到妈妈流泪之后的反应和妈妈收到礼物之后的感动。 2.续写线索： 提出亲手制作礼物——制作经过——送给妈妈——妈妈感动——大家开心 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①询问：ask/inquire ②跳：jump/spring ③放置：put/place 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/thrill ②感动的：moved/touched 【点睛】[高分句型1] On Mom’s birthday, we carefully took it out and couldn’t wait to give Mom a surprise, only to find her eyes red and wet.（由“only+不定式”作结果状语） [高分句型2] But Mom put her hand gently on the paper vase as if it was the most precious jewel. （由as if引导方式状语从句） [高分句型3] Pulling us into her arms, she smiled brightly, “No. Never have I had a more beautiful present than this. I am just too moved.”（由现在分词作状语和否定词置于句首引起的倒装结构） 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。Hello, sir, I would like to report to you that my bag is missing. Where did you leave IT? I put IT on the bench in the city park and went to the public restroom. When I came back, my bag was gone. Pull the line please. I will check to see if my fellow workers got lost items. Hello, sir, I would like to report to you that my bag is missing. Where did you leave? IT? I put IT on the bench in the city park and went to the public restroom. When I came back, my bag was gone. Hold the line, please. I will check to see if my fellow workers got lost items. Listen to the next question. So as an expert, what new tech do you think we'll see in twenty twenty five? We'll continue to see improvements in machine learning and computer intelligence leading to progress in the internet of things and five G. I also hope to see new clean energy tech coming into the market. Listen to the next . question. Hey, have you met xi? No, who is he? He's a disabled cat known for his living, is his back, doesn't work, but he still lives his best life every day. He's like a walking, talking, AG of happiness. Listen to the next question. J up. Have you heard about Spark farm? No. not at all. Is anything special about IT? yes. IT is a high tech bosnian dairy farm. IT is among the first to turn animal waste into electricity. Once the farms fully Operational, it'll be able to produce six hundred kilowatts per hour. Listen to the next question. how much is your phone bill each month? Well, on a family plan, including unlimited calls, texts and data, but the final amount changes a little every month because of extra taxes and service fees, usually around fifty dollars, i'd say. How much is your phone bill each month? Well, i'm on a family plan, including unlimited calls, texts and data, but the final amount changes a little every month because of extra taxes and service fees, usually around fifty dollars, i'd say. Listen, the next question. Close your bedroom window, tom. Why I need . fresh air? The light attracts . insects at this time of day. We've been having that problem in this mountain village. That sounds terrible. I really hate insects. Can we rent a house in town? No need. There's no problem. As long as you close your bedroom window. Besides, the rent will be much cheaper here. But now i'm feeling terribly scared. Be a man, dear. I will. Mom, close your bedroom . window. Tom, why? I . need fresh air. The light attracts insects. At this time of day, we've been having that problem in this mountain village. That sounds terrible. I really hate insects. Can we rent a house in town? No need. There's no problem. As long as you close your bedroom window. Besides, the rent will be much cheaper here. But now i'm feeling terribly scared. Be a man, dear. I will. mom. Listen to the next question. Hello, mr. Tomkins, our newspaper is going to print an article about new products. Could you tell me about the new homework company has built? I understand that promises to be a model for the houses . of the future. Certainly, the idea is not to have a house full of different things. This is a complete home system. IT will make people's lives easier. Okay, so tell me how this house will . make my life easier. Arrive at TON with AT of finger. You'll be able to call your refrigerator when you're at the grocery store and find out how . much you need to buy one of washing shine. But you won't need to. The house comes with a robot. IT is program to clean the house and do the washing. What does IT cost? A million dollars. A million dollars. IT will be the twenty second century before I can afford to buy one. Hello, mr. Tomkins, our newspaper is going to print an article about new products. Could you tell me about the new homework company has built? I understand that promises to be a model for the houses . of the future. Certainly, the idea is not to have a house full of different things. This is a complete home system. IT will make people's . lives easier OK. So tell me how this house will make my life easier. You arrive at the front door. You won't need a key. The door will open with a tune of your finger. You'll be able to call your refrigerator when you're at the grocery store and find out how much you need to buy. Isn't IT wonderful. Can I call the washing . machine as well? On the house comes with a IT is programmed to clean the house and do . the washing. What does that cost? A million dollars. A million dollars. IT will be the twenty second century before I can afford to buy one. Listen to the next question. john, when did you create your APP gim IT? I did that in the year twenty nineteen. Why did you create IT? I was in my junior year at a public high school. Then my school required us to take part in projects. My project that year required me to make an APP. What inspired due to make such an APP? Back then, some of my classmates complained that they didn't like preparing for their exams. They found IT boring. So I wanted to create an APP that could make a learning more fun. In the end, I created an APP that lets teachers create resources in the form of game style. Is, is IT help? So I think so. Students love using IT. Now, IT is used by learners in more than one hundred countries across the world. Research shows that he can increase learning by up to fourteen percent. I'll certainly introduce IT to my Younger brother. I hope IT can help him learn Better. John, when did you create your APP? Gmc IT, I did that . in the year twenty nineteen. Why did you create IT? I was in my junior year at a public high school. Then my school required us to take part in projects. My project that year required me to make an APP. What inspired red you to make such an APP? Back then, some of my classmates complained that they didn't like preparing for their exams. They found IT boring. So I wanted to create an APP that could make a learning more fun. In the end, I created an APP that lets teachers create resources in the form of game style. ISIS is IT helpful. I think so. Students love using IT. Now, IT is used by learners in more than one hundred countries across the world. Research shows that you can increase learning by up to fourteen percent. I'll certainly introduce IT to my Younger brother. I hope I can help . him learn Better. Listen to the next question. So Jason, I have a few questions for you. Go ahead. Could you explain why you believe you are a good fit for our team? Certainly, one of my strength is building long term customer relationships. For example, when I headed the customer support department at my previous company, our team resolved about three quarters of our customer issues. I decided we needed Better information and technical preparation on our products. So after I conducted a few training exercises with our technical department, we were able to do much Better given the opportunity, i'm confident I can copy this success here. amazing. What would you say is your weakness? Honestly, my main chAllenge has been time management. I find IT hard to organize my time. However, I have recently attended a workshop on time management and efficiency, which has helped me overcome this issue. excEllent. We will let you know our decision by next week. Thank you. I look forward to hearing from you. So Jason, I have a few questions for you. Go ahead. Could you explain why you believe you are a good fit for our team? Certainly, one of my strength is building long term customer relationships. For example, when I headed the customer support department at my previous company, our team result about three quarters of our customer issues. I decided we needed Better information and technical preparation on our products. So after I conducted a few training exercises with our al department, we were able to do much Better. Given the opportunity, i'm confident I can copy this success here. amazing. Or what would you say is your weakness? Honestly, my main chAllenge has been time management. I find IT hard to organize my time. However, I have recently attended a workshop on time management and efficiency, which has helped me overcome this issue. excEllent. We will let you know our decision by next week. Thank you. I look forward to hearing from you. Listen to the next question. Though social media and messaging apps have taken over some of the rules from email as a form of communication, email is likely to keep an important role for business communication in the future. Surprisingly, though, a lot of companies and organizations lack formal guidelines for emails, as most of you will soon be entering the workforce, I would like to share with you my own rules for emAiling. If someone sends you an email reply to the center to acknowledge the email is not necessary to reply to a mass email sent to numerous people, but it's common pollutants to respond to a personal message, preferably within twenty four hours of receiving IT. It's also important to use proper english, think of an email as a letter, spelling, grammar and even the format should not be overlooked, and finally, never use capitals to emphasize a word or words in an email. It's the same as shouting lovely. All right, that's as deep as the explanation goes. Now i'm going to open up for . questions though social . media and messaging apps have taken over some of the rules from email as a form of communication. Email is likely to keep an important role for business communication in the future. Surprisingly, though, a lot of companies and organizations lack formal guidelines for evening, as most of you will soon be entering the workforce. I would like to share with you my own rules for emAiling. If someone sends you an email reply to the center to acknowledge the email is not necessary to reply to a mass email sent to numerous people, but it's common pollutants to respond to a personal message, preferably within twenty four hours of receiving IT. It's also important to use proper english, think of an email as a letter, spelling, grammar and even the format should not be overlook. And finally, never use capitals to emphasize a word or words in an email is the same as shouting lovely. Alright, that's as deep as the explanation goes. Now i'm going to open up for . questions. 听力部分到此结束。