Unit 1 Life choices（知识清单）英语新教材外研版九年级下册

Unit 1 Life choices 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物品质（坚守理想、人生品格） 1. lifelong (终身的，毕生的) His lifelong effort won high praise.（他毕生的努力赢得高度赞扬。） 2. classic (经典的) Xu Yuanchong translated lots of classic Chinese works.（许渊冲翻译了大量中国经典作品。） 3. original (原作的，原本的) He kept the beauty of the original text.（他保留了原文的美感。） 4. master (大师) He became a translation master in his nineties.（九十多岁时他成为翻译大师。） 5. characteristic (品质，特征) Hardworking is an important characteristic.（勤奋是一项重要品质。） 二、抉择与奋斗（做出选择、付诸行动） 1. translate（翻译） He translated Chinese poems into French and English.（他把中国诗歌译为英法两种语言。） 2. praise（赞扬，称赞） People praised him for his great achievements.（人们称赞他取得的伟大成就。） 3. achieve（实现（目标）） He spent over 60 years to achieve his goal.（他耗费六十余年去实现目标。） 4. borrow（借用） He borrowed Lincoln’s famous words for translation.（他借用林肯名言进行翻译。） 5. awaken（唤起，激发） This special experience awakened his love for translation.（特殊经历唤起他对翻译的热爱。） 三、职业与多元选择（斜杠青年、各类职业） 1. slasher（斜杠青年） More and more young people want to be slashers nowadays.（如今越来越多年轻人想成为斜杠青年。） 2. mechanic（技工，机修工） Linda made a surprising choice to be a car mechanic.（琳达做出了做汽车机修工这个令人意外的选择。） 3. poet（诗人） Liu Zongyuan was a great TangDynasty poet.（柳宗元是一位伟大的唐代诗人。） 4. apart（分开，拆开） She enjoys taking cars apart in her free time.（空闲的时候她喜欢把汽车拆开。） 四、其他重点词汇 1. count（有价值，重要） We should make every day count.（我们应当让每一天过得有意义。） 2. steal（偷，窃取） He wanted to steal a few hours from the night for work.（他想从夜晚偷取几小时投入工作。） 3. pardon（原谅） Pardon me for asking such a strange question.（请原谅我提出这样奇怪的问题。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. make up one’s mind（下定决心） He made up his mind to work as a translator for life.（他下定决心终身从事翻译工作。） 2. set / achieve a goal（设定 / 实现目标） Xu set a goal of translating Shakespeare’s works.（许渊冲定下翻译莎士比亚作品的目标。） 3. make every day count（让每一天过得有意义） Work hard and make every day count in our youth.（青春时期努力奋斗，让每一天过得有意义。） 4. build a bridge（架起桥梁） He built a bridge between different cultures.（他在不同文化之间架起沟通的桥梁。） 5. date back to（追溯到） His lifelong choice dated back to his university days.（他毕生的选择要追溯到大学时代。） 6. spread Chinese culture（传播中华文化） He worked hard to spread Chinese culture around the world.（他努力向世界传播中华文化。） 7. take … apart（拆开） Linda likes taking old cars apart to study them.（琳达喜欢拆开旧汽车进行研究。） 二、介词短语 1. from time to time（时不时，偶尔） We make important life choices from time to time.（我们时不时会做出重要的人生选择。） 2. in progress（正在进行中） The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was in progress then.（那时抗日战争正在进行。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问人生选择 1. What lifelong choices have you ever made?（你做过哪些终身的选择？） 2. Why do you think making choices is important?（你为什么认为做出选择很重要？） 3. Have you considered your future life choices?（你考虑过自己未来的人生选择吗？） 二、描述坚守梦想与付出 1. His choice kept him going through a long and productive life.（这个选择支撑他走过漫长而硕果累累的一生。） 2. As long as you stick to your dream, you can achieve your goal.（只要坚守梦想，你就可以实现目标。） 三、评价选择与人物 1. It is worth the effort.（这份努力是值得的。） 2. She followed her love and dreams and never regretted it.（她追随热爱与梦想，永不后悔。） 语法 1. 六大时态+情态动词综合复习（中考高频考点） 2. 动词不定式作后置定语；初中后置定语全归纳 写作 任务① 记叙文：讲述一位做出非同寻常选择的人物故事 任务② 应用文（书信）：写给未来的自己，叙述一次重要人生选择 一、知识点精讲 1. translate /trænsˈleɪt/v. 翻译 【句型】translate A into B 把 A 翻译成 B He translated Chinese poems into English. 他把中国诗歌翻译成英文。 【词形变换】translation n. 译文；translator n. 翻译家 【辨析】translator 指人（翻译者）；translation 指翻译出来的作品（译文）。 2. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/v. 实现；达成 【句型】achieve one’s goal /dream 实现目标 / 梦想 He spent over 60 years achieving his goal. 他花六十余年实现自己的目标。 【辨析】 ✅ achieve：主语是人； ✅ come true：主语是梦想、理想，不能用人作主语。 例句：I will achieve my dream. = My dream will come true. 3. borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/v. 借用 【句型】borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借来某物 He borrowed Lincoln’s words to make the meaning clear. 他借用林肯的话，把含义讲清楚。 【辨析】 - borrow sth. from sb. 借入（短暂动作） - lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借出 4. count /kaʊnt/v. 重要；有价值 【例句】Make every day count. 让每一天过得有意义。 拓展谚语：Every minute counts. 分秒必争。 5. worth /wɜːθ/adj. 值得的 【句型】be worth the effort 付出的努力是值得的 Linda thinks studying car repair is worth the effort. 琳达认为学习汽修，付出的努力是值得的。 二、核心语法精讲 六大时态汇总 时态 基本结构 时间标志词 单元课文例句 一般现在时 主语+动词原形/三单 usually, often, every day He loves translation.（他热爱翻译。） 一般过去时 主语+动词过去式 yesterday, last year, at 20 At 20, he chose to be a translator. 过去进行时 was/were+doing at that time, while The war was in progress then. 现在完成时 have/has+过去分词 so far, since, for He has achieved his lifelong dream. 现在进行时 am/is/are+doing look, now He is working on a new translation. 一般将来时 will+动词原形 in the future, tomorrow He will spread Chinese culture worldwide. 时态解题口诀：先看时间标志，再判断动作发生时间，最后确定结构。 情态动词归纳（can/could/may/must/should） 表能力：can（现在）；could（过去） 表建议：should（应该） 表推测：may（可能）；must（肯定） 表义务：must（必须）；don’t have to（不必） 规则：情态动词后只能接动词原形，无人称与单复数变化。 动词不定式作后置定语 1. 不定式to do作后置定语 核心规则： 不定式只能放在名词后面作后置定语，修饰前面名词，表将来动作、目的。 必考特殊结构： 名词前有序数词、最高级、the first/the only/the last时，后面必须用to do作后置定语。 例句：He was the first man to win the prize. 基础句型： have sth. to do 有某事要做；a chance to follow the dream 追逐梦想的机会。 2. 初中四大后置定语完整归纳(拓展) 不定式to do（后置）：将来、目的；the first to do；something to eat 现在分词doing（后置）：主动、正在进行；the boy standing there 过去分词done（后置）：被动、已经完成；the book written by him 介词短语（后置）：the girl in red；the choice of life 一句话区分：将来用to do，主动进行用doing，被动完成用done。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 单元主题：人与自我 —— 人生选择与坚守梦想。 两个写作任务同源：都是围绕 “做出与众不同的人生选择、坚持奋斗、无悔抉择” 展开。 任务①：记叙文（写他人故事）；任务②：书信（写自己的选择），共用同一套话题素材，只是人称与文体不同。 2. 写作框架 开头：点明人物 / 自己做出了与众不同的人生选择； 主体段 1：交代做出选择的缘由（热爱、理想）； 主体段 2：描写长期坚持与付出的努力； 结尾：评价选择，升华主题：追随本心，永不后悔。 3. 写作素材 开头句 Linda made an unusual life choice when she was sixteen.（写他人） I have made up my mind to stick to a special life choice.（写自己） 原因句 She was crazy about taking cars apart, so she decided to be a mechanic. I fall deeply in love with Chinese classic poems and hope to spread Chinese culture. 奋斗句 She kept practising every day and never gave up when facing difficulties. I keep reading and practising translation every single day, no matter how hard it is. 结尾升华句 If you follow your heart, your choice will finally bring you success. Make every day count and never regret your life choice. 4. 范文背诵 范文一（任务① 记叙文：人物故事） Linda is a girl with a special dream. She made an unusual life choice at 16. Instead of going to a common high school, she decided to become a car mechanic. She fell in love with cars when she was little. She enjoyed taking old cars apart and putting them back together. Her parents worried about her future, but she stuck to her decision. She spent all her free time learning car repair. Now she has become an excellent mechanic. Her story tells us: stick to what you love, and every choice will be meaningful. 范文二（任务② 书信：写给未来的自己） Dear future me, I’m writing this letter to share my important life choice. I have made up my mind to be a translator. I love traditional Chinese poems deeply. I hope to build a cultural bridge between China and other countries and spread Chinese culture all over the world. I know the road will be long and hard, so I keep reading and practising every day. I hope you can still stick to this lifelong dream. Never regret your choice and live life to the full. Yours, Present-day me Yours, Li Hua 易错点 01 achieve 与 come true 混用 【助记口诀】人 achieve，梦想 come true 【错因辨析】achieve 的主语必须是人；come true 主语只能是梦想、goal 一类事物，不能用人作主语。 ❌ My dream has achieved. ✅ My dream has come true. ✅ I have achieved my dream. 【对点训练】 1. I will ______ my dream in three years. A. achieve B. come true 【答案】A 【解析】主语是人 I，用 achieve。 2. My lifelong goal will ______ soon. A. achieve B. come true 【答案】B 【解析】主语为 goal（目标），事物作主语，用 come true。 3. He worked hard and finally ______ his aim. A. achieved B. came true 【答案】A 【解析】主语是人 he，用 achieve。 易错点 02 borrow /lend 动词辨析（2024‑2026 中考高频） 【助记口诀】borrow 借入 from，lend 借出 to 【错因辨析】borrow sth. from sb.：我从别人那里借进来； lend sth. to sb.：我把东西借给别人。 ❌ I lent a dictionary from my deskmate. ✅ I borrowed a dictionary from my deskmate. 【对点训练】 1. I ______ a dictionary ______ my deskmate yesterday. A. borrowed; from B. lent; to 【答案】A 【解析】句意为“借入”，搭配 borrow…from。 2. Don’t ______ your new bike ______ others easily. A. borrow; from B. lend; to 【答案】B 【解析】句意为“借出”，搭配 lend…to。 3. She ______ two books ______ the library just now. A. borrowed; from B. lent; to 【答案】A 【解析】从图书馆借书属于“借入”，搭配 borrow…from。 易错点 03 不定式作后置定语误用 doing（2024‑2026 中考高频） 【错因辨析】当名词前面有序数词、最高级修饰名词，后面修饰名词要用 to do 不定式，不要用 doing。 ✅ He is the first student to finish the hard task. ❌ He is the first student finishing the hard task. 【对点训练】 用所给词适当形式填空 1. She is the last student ______ (leave) the classroom. 【答案】to leave 【解析】the last 为序数含义修饰名词student，后置定语用to do。 2. This is the best chance ______ (realize) your dream. 【答案】to realize 【解析】形容词最高级best修饰chance，后置定语用to do。 3. He was the first boy ______ (finish) the difficult task. 【答案】to finish 【解析】the first序数词修饰boy，后置定语用to do。 易错点 04 一般过去时与现在完成时混淆 【错因辨析】句中有明确过去时间标志（yesterday / at 20）用一般过去时；句中有 since / so far / up to now，强调动作持续到现在，用现在完成时。 ❌ He has made his choice at twenty. ✅ He made his choice at twenty. 【对点训练】用所给词适当形式填空 1. He ______ (make) his life choice at twenty. 【答案】made 【解析】at twenty 是明确过去时间，用一般过去时。 2. He ______ (stick) to his dream since he left university. 【答案】has stuck 【解析】since引导时间状语，动作持续至今，用现在完成时。 3. They ______ (achieve) many goals up to now. 【答案】have achieved 【解析】up to now 到目前为止，是现在完成时标志词。 易错点 05 take apart 短语代词位置错误 【错因辨析】take apart 是“动词+副词”短语，代词作宾语必须放两词中间：take it apart；不能写 take apart it。 ❌ Please take apart it. ✅ Please take it apart. 【对点训练】用括号内代词填空 1. The old car is broken. Please take ______ apart.（it） 【答案】it 【解析】代词it放take与apart中间。 2. The toy machine is interesting. I want to take ______ apart.（them） 【答案】them 【解析】代词them放take与apart中间。 3. Don’t take the machine apart. Put ______ together right now.（it） 【答案】it 【解析】put together动词副词短语，代词放中间put it together。 易错点 06 make up one’s mind 单复数与物主代词变形错误 【错因辨析】one’s 需要和句子主语保持人称一致；主语为复数时 mind 要变为 minds。 ❌ They made up his mind. ✅ They made up their minds. 【对点训练】根据中文提示完成句子 1. I ______ ______ ______ to be a translator. 【答案】make up my mind 【解析】主语I，物主代词用my，mind单数。 2. They ______ ______ ______ to follow their own dreams. 【答案】make up their minds 【解析】主语they复数，物主代词their，mind变minds。 3. She ______ ______ ______ to learn car repair well. 【答案】makes up her mind 【解析】主语she，物主代词her，mind单数。 一、单项选择 1. This is the first chance ______ I can spread Chinese culture abroad. A. realize B. to realize C. realizing 【答案】B 【解析】名词chance被序数含义the first修饰，用不定式to‑do作后置定语。 2. My dream will ______ as long as I keep working hard. A. achieve B. come true C. be achieved 【答案】B 【解析】主语my dream是事物；come true主语为物，无被动；achieve主语必须是人。 3. I ______ a storybook from my friend last week. A. borrowed B. lent C. kept 【答案】A 【解析】borrow…from 表示“从……借入”；lend搭配介词to。 4. We ______ make every day count, or we will regret it later. A. should B. may C. can 【答案】A 【解析】should情态动词，意为“应该”，用于提出建议。 5. His lifelong choice ______ back to his college days. A. dates B. dated C. is dating 【答案】A 【解析】固定短语date back to（追溯到），只用一般现在时，无进行时态。 6. Linda likes ______ old cars apart in her free time. A. take B. taking C. to taking 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配like doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”。 7. He ______ more than 60 years achieving his translation goal. A. spent B. took C. cost 【答案】A 【解析】spend time (in) doing sth. 主语是人，表示“花费时间做某事”。 8. —Who is the man over there? —He is the writer ______ translated these classic poems. A. who B. which C. whose 【答案】A 【解析】先行词the writer指人，关系代词who在从句中作主语。 9. At that time, the war ______ in progress, so life was hard. A. was B. is C. has been 【答案】A 【解析】at that time为过去时间，句子使用一般过去时。 10. Hard work is one of the most important ______ of successful people. A. choices B. characteristics C. praises 【答案】B 【解析】characteristic意为“品质、特征”；句意为勤奋是成功者最重要的品质之一。 二、词汇运用 用括号内单词适当形式填空 1. Xu Yuanchong was a famous ______ (translate). 【答案】translator 【解析】famous后接名词，此处表示人“翻译家”，translate动词变为translator名词。 2. We should make every day ______ (count). 【答案】count 【解析】固定结构make sth. do，make后用动词原形。 3. He ______ (achieve) his lifelong dream when he was 90. 【答案】achieved 【解析】when he was 90是过去时间，谓语动词使用一般过去式。 4. These ______ (poem) are classic Chinese works. 【答案】poems 【解析】these表示“这些”，后面接可数名词复数形式。 5. She made up her mind ______ (be) a car mechanic. 【答案】to be 【解析】固定短语make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事，不定式作宾语。 三、句型转换 1. He decided to be a translator for life.（同义句转换） He ______ ______ ______ to be a translator for life. 【答案】made up his mind 【解析】decide to do sth. 与make up one’s mind to do sth. 同义，原句为一般过去时，make变为made。 2. My dream will come true one day.（改为一般疑问句） ______ your dream ______ true one day? 【答案】Will; come 【解析】原句含有情态动词will，变一般疑问句直接把will提到句首，后面动词用原形come。 3. He is the first student. He finishes the task.（合并句子，用不定式作后置定语） He is the first student ______ ______ the task. 【答案】to finish 【解析】the first修饰名词student，要用动词不定式to do作后置定语。 四、补全对话 A. Sounds surprising but meaningful! B. I want to be a car mechanic in the future. C. What will you do to make your dream come true? D. I will practise in my free time. E. Never give up your choice. A: Hi, Lucy. Have you made any important life choices? B: Yes. 19.______ A: 20.______ You always love cars! B: That’s right. I enjoy taking cars apart. A: 21.______ B: I will keep learning car repair. 22.______ A: That’s great. 23.______ B: Thank you. I will make every day count. 【答案】19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. E 【解析】 19.B：承接问句，回答自己的人生选择； 20.A：对她的选择做出评价； 21.C：抛出问题，询问实现梦想的举措； 22.D：补充除学习之外的行动； 23.E：给出鼓励，引出对方答语。 五、短文填空 Xu Yuanchong was a great master of translation. His lifelong choice 1.______ (date) back to his university days. When the war 2.______ (be) in progress, he made up his mind 3.______ (build) a bridge 4.______ Chinese and Western cultures. He kept 5.______ (practise) every day and never gave 6.______. He spent over sixty years 7.______ (achieve) his goal. He tried his best 8.______ (spread) classic Chinese poems to the world. He told young people to make every day 9.______ (count) and stick to their own life 10.______ (choice). 【答案】1.dates 2.was 3.to build 4.between 5.practising 6.up 7.achieving 8.to spread 9.count 10.choices 【导读】本篇短文介绍翻译大师许渊冲的人生选择，综合考查动词时态、固定短语、非谓语动词、介词、名词复数等九年级核心考点。 1. 考查固定短语的时态与主谓一致。date back to 意为 “追溯到”，该短语多用一般现在时，主语 choice 是单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式 dates。 2. 考查一般过去时。本句讲述过去战争时期的故事，主语 the war 为单数，be 动词的过去式用 was。 3. 考查固定搭配。make up one’s mind to do sth. 意为 “下定决心做某事”，不定式作句子宾语。 4. 考查介词固定搭配。between…and… 表示 “在…… 与…… 两者之间”，此处指在中西方两种文化之间。 5. 考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth. 表示 “坚持做某事”，后面需要接动名词形式。 6. 考查动词固定短语。give up 为固定词组，含义 “放弃”，never gave up 即永不放弃。 7. 考查 spend 的固定句型。spend time (in) doing sth.，in 可以省略，后面接动名词，表示花费时间做某事。 8. 考查固定搭配。try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做某事，不定式作目的状语。 9. 考查 make 的使役用法。make sth. do，make 后接动词原形；make every day count 意为 “让每一天过得有意义”。 10. 考查名词复数。their “他们的” 后面要接可数名词复数，choice 的复数形式为 choices。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Life choices 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物品质（坚守理想、人生品格） 1. (终身的，毕生的) （他毕生的努力赢得高度赞扬。） 2. (经典的) （许渊冲翻译了大量中国经典作品。） 3. (原作的，原本的) （他保留了原文的美感。） 4. (大师) （九十多岁时他成为翻译大师。） 5. (品质，特征) （勤奋是一项重要品质。） 二、抉择与奋斗（做出选择、付诸行动） 1. （翻译） （他把中国诗歌译为英法两种语言。） 2. （赞扬，称赞） （人们称赞他取得的伟大成就。） 3. （实现（目标）） （他耗费六十余年去实现目标。） 4. （借用） （他借用林肯名言进行翻译。） 5. （唤起，激发） （特殊经历唤起他对翻译的热爱。） 三、职业与多元选择（斜杠青年、各类职业） 1. （斜杠青年） （如今越来越多年轻人想成为斜杠青年。） 2. （技工，机修工） （琳达做出了做汽车机修工这个令人意外的选择。） 3. （诗人） （柳宗元是一位伟大的唐代诗人。） 4. （分开，拆开） （空闲的时候她喜欢把汽车拆开。） 四、其他重点词汇 1. （有价值，重要） （我们应当让每一天过得有意义。） 2. （偷，窃取） （他想从夜晚偷取几小时投入工作。） 3. （原谅） （请原谅我提出这样奇怪的问题。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. （下定决心） （他下定决心终身从事翻译工作。） 2. （设定 / 实现目标） （许渊冲定下翻译莎士比亚作品的目标。） 3. （让每一天过得有意义） （青春时期努力奋斗，让每一天过得有意义。） 4. （架起桥梁） （他在不同文化之间架起沟通的桥梁。） 5. （追溯到） （他毕生的选择要追溯到大学时代。） 6. （传播中华文化） （他努力向世界传播中华文化。） 7. （拆开） （琳达喜欢拆开旧汽车进行研究。） 二、介词短语 1. （时不时，偶尔） （我们时不时会做出重要的人生选择。） 2. （正在进行中） （那时抗日战争正在进行。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问人生选择 1. （你做过哪些终身的选择？） 2. （你为什么认为做出选择很重要？） 3. （你考虑过自己未来的人生选择吗？） 二、描述坚守梦想与付出 1. （这个选择支撑他走过漫长而硕果累累的一生。） 2. （只要坚守梦想，你就可以实现目标。） 三、评价选择与人物 1. （这份努力是值得的。） 2. （她追随热爱与梦想，永不后悔。） 语法 1. 六大时态+情态动词综合复习（中考高频考点） 2. 动词不定式作后置定语；初中后置定语全归纳 写作 任务① 记叙文：讲述一位做出非同寻常选择的人物故事 任务② 应用文（书信）：写给未来的自己，叙述一次重要人生选择 一、知识点精讲 1. translate /trænsˈleɪt/v. 翻译 【句型】translate A into B 把 A 翻译成 B He translated Chinese poems into English. 他把中国诗歌翻译成英文。 【词形变换】translation n. 译文；translator n. 翻译家 【辨析】translator 指人（翻译者）；translation 指翻译出来的作品（译文）。 2. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/v. 实现；达成 【句型】achieve one’s goal /dream 实现目标 / 梦想 He spent over 60 years achieving his goal. 他花六十余年实现自己的目标。 【辨析】 ✅ achieve：主语是人； ✅ come true：主语是梦想、理想，不能用人作主语。 例句：I will achieve my dream. = My dream will come true. 3. borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/v. 借用 【句型】borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借来某物 He borrowed Lincoln’s words to make the meaning clear. 他借用林肯的话，把含义讲清楚。 【辨析】 - borrow sth. from sb. 借入（短暂动作） - lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借出 4. count /kaʊnt/v. 重要；有价值 【例句】Make every day count. 让每一天过得有意义。 拓展谚语：Every minute counts. 分秒必争。 5. worth /wɜːθ/adj. 值得的 【句型】be worth the effort 付出的努力是值得的 Linda thinks studying car repair is worth the effort. 琳达认为学习汽修，付出的努力是值得的。 二、核心语法精讲 时态 基本结构 时间标志词 单元课文例句 一般现在时 主语+动词原形/三单 usually, often, every day He loves translation.（他热爱翻译。） 一般过去时 主语+动词过去式 yesterday, last year, at 20 At 20, he chose to be a translator. 过去进行时 was/were+doing at that time, while The war was in progress then. 现在完成时 have/has+过去分词 so far, since, for He has achieved his lifelong dream. 现在进行时 am/is/are+doing look, now He is working on a new translation. 一般将来时 will+动词原形 in the future, tomorrow He will spread Chinese culture worldwide. 时态解题口诀：先看时间标志，再判断动作发生时间，最后确定结构。 表能力：can（现在）；could（过去） 表建议：should（应该） 表推测：may（可能）；must（肯定） 表义务：must（必须）；don’t have to（不必） 规则：情态动词后只能接动词原形，无人称与单复数变化。 1. 不定式to do作后置定语 核心规则： 不定式只能放在名词后面作后置定语，修饰前面名词，表将来动作、目的。 必考特殊结构： 名词前有序数词、最高级、the first/the only/the last时，后面必须用to do作后置定语。 例句：He was the first man to win the prize. 基础句型： have sth. to do 有某事要做；a chance to follow the dream 追逐梦想的机会。 2. 初中四大后置定语完整归纳(拓展) 不定式to do（后置）：将来、目的；the first to do；something to eat 现在分词doing（后置）：主动、正在进行；the boy standing there 过去分词done（后置）：被动、已经完成；the book written by him 介词短语（后置）：the girl in red；the choice of life 一句话区分：将来用to do，主动进行用doing，被动完成用done。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 单元主题：人与自我 —— 人生选择与坚守梦想。 两个写作任务同源：都是围绕 “做出与众不同的人生选择、坚持奋斗、无悔抉择” 展开。 任务①：记叙文（写他人故事）；任务②：书信（写自己的选择），共用同一套话题素材，只是人称与文体不同。 2. 写作框架 开头：点明人物 / 自己做出了与众不同的人生选择； 主体段 1：交代做出选择的缘由（热爱、理想）； 主体段 2：描写长期坚持与付出的努力； 结尾：评价选择，升华主题：追随本心，永不后悔。 3. 写作素材 开头句 Linda made an unusual life choice when she was sixteen.（写他人） I have made up my mind to stick to a special life choice.（写自己） 原因句 She was crazy about taking cars apart, so she decided to be a mechanic. I fall deeply in love with Chinese classic poems and hope to spread Chinese culture. 奋斗句 She kept practising every day and never gave up when facing difficulties. I keep reading and practising translation every single day, no matter how hard it is. 结尾升华句 If you follow your heart, your choice will finally bring you success. Make every day count and never regret your life choice. 4. 范文背诵 范文一（任务① 记叙文：人物故事） Linda is a girl with a special dream. She made an unusual life choice at 16. Instead of going to a common high school, she decided to become a car mechanic. She fell in love with cars when she was little. She enjoyed taking old cars apart and putting them back together. Her parents worried about her future, but she stuck to her decision. She spent all her free time learning car repair. Now she has become an excellent mechanic. Her story tells us: stick to what you love, and every choice will be meaningful. 范文二（任务② 书信：写给未来的自己） Dear future me, I’m writing this letter to share my important life choice. I have made up my mind to be a translator. I love traditional Chinese poems deeply. I hope to build a cultural bridge between China and other countries and spread Chinese culture all over the world. I know the road will be long and hard, so I keep reading and practising every day. I hope you can still stick to this lifelong dream. Never regret your choice and live life to the full. Yours, Present-day me Yours, Li Hua 易错点 01 achieve 与 come true 混用 【助记口诀】人 achieve，梦想 come true 【错因辨析】achieve 的主语必须是人；come true 主语只能是梦想、goal 一类事物，不能用人作主语。 ❌ My dream has achieved. ✅ My dream has come true. ✅ I have achieved my dream. 【对点训练】 1. I will ______ my dream in three years. A. achieve B. come true 2. My lifelong goal will ______ soon. A. achieve B. come true 3. He worked hard and finally ______ his aim. A. achieved B. came true 易错点 02 borrow /lend 动词辨析（2024‑2026 中考高频） 【助记口诀】borrow 借入 from，lend 借出 to 【错因辨析】borrow sth. from sb.：我从别人那里借进来； lend sth. to sb.：我把东西借给别人。 ❌ I lent a dictionary from my deskmate. ✅ I borrowed a dictionary from my deskmate. 【对点训练】 1. I ______ a dictionary ______ my deskmate yesterday. A. borrowed; from B. lent; to 2. Don’t ______ your new bike ______ others easily. A. borrow; from B. lend; to 3. She ______ two books ______ the library just now. A. borrowed; from B. lent; to 易错点 03 不定式作后置定语误用 doing（2024‑2026 中考高频） 【错因辨析】当名词前面有序数词、最高级修饰名词，后面修饰名词要用 to do 不定式，不要用 doing。 ✅ He is the first student to finish the hard task. ❌ He is the first student finishing the hard task. 【对点训练】 用所给词适当形式填空 1. She is the last student ______ (leave) the classroom. 2. This is the best chance ______ (realize) your dream. 3. He was the first boy ______ (finish) the difficult task. 易错点 04 一般过去时与现在完成时混淆 【错因辨析】句中有明确过去时间标志（yesterday / at 20）用一般过去时；句中有 since / so far / up to now，强调动作持续到现在，用现在完成时。 ❌ He has made his choice at twenty. ✅ He made his choice at twenty. 【对点训练】用所给词适当形式填空 1. He ______ (make) his life choice at twenty. 2. He ______ (stick) to his dream since he left university. 3. They ______ (achieve) many goals up to now. 易错点 05 take apart 短语代词位置错误 【错因辨析】take apart 是“动词+副词”短语，代词作宾语必须放两词中间：take it apart；不能写 take apart it。 ❌ Please take apart it. ✅ Please take it apart. 【对点训练】用括号内代词填空 1. The old car is broken. Please take ______ apart.（it） 2. The toy machine is interesting. I want to take ______ apart.（them） 3. Don’t take the machine apart. Put ______ together right now.（it） 易错点 06 make up one’s mind 单复数与物主代词变形错误 【错因辨析】one’s 需要和句子主语保持人称一致；主语为复数时 mind 要变为 minds。 ❌ They made up his mind. ✅ They made up their minds. 【对点训练】根据中文提示完成句子 1. I ______ ______ ______ to be a translator. 2. They ______ ______ ______ to follow their own dreams. 3. She ______ ______ ______ to learn car repair well. 一、单项选择 1. This is the first chance ______ I can spread Chinese culture abroad. A. realize B. to realize C. realizing 2. My dream will ______ as long as I keep working hard. A. achieve B. come true C. be achieved 3. I ______ a storybook from my friend last week. A. borrowed B. lent C. kept 4. We ______ make every day count, or we will regret it later. A. should B. may C. can 5. His lifelong choice ______ back to his college days. A. dates B. dated C. is dating 6. Linda likes ______ old cars apart in her free time. A. take B. taking C. to taking 7. He ______ more than 60 years achieving his translation goal. A. spent B. took C. cost 8. —Who is the man over there? —He is the writer ______ translated these classic poems. A. who B. which C. whose 9. At that time, the war ______ in progress, so life was hard. A. was B. is C. has been 10. Hard work is one of the most important ______ of successful people. A. choices B. characteristics C. praises 二、词汇运用 用括号内单词适当形式填空 1. Xu Yuanchong was a famous ______ (translate). 2. We should make every day ______ (count). 3. He ______ (achieve) his lifelong dream when he was 90. 4. These ______ (poem) are classic Chinese works. 5. She made up her mind ______ (be) a car mechanic. 三、句型转换 1. He decided to be a translator for life.（同义句转换） He ______ ______ ______ to be a translator for life. 2. My dream will come true one day.（改为一般疑问句） ______ your dream ______ true one day? 3. He is the first student. He finishes the task.（合并句子，用不定式作后置定语） He is the first student ______ ______ the task. 四、补全对话 A. Sounds surprising but meaningful! B. I want to be a car mechanic in the future. C. What will you do to make your dream come true? D. I will practise in my free time. E. Never give up your choice. A: Hi, Lucy. Have you made any important life choices? B: Yes. 19.______ A: 20.______ You always love cars! B: That’s right. I enjoy taking cars apart. A: 21.______ B: I will keep learning car repair. 22.______ A: That’s great. 23.______ B: Thank you. I will make every day count. 五、短文填空 Xu Yuanchong was a great master of translation. His lifelong choice 1.______ (date) back to his university days. When the war 2.______ (be) in progress, he made up his mind 3.______ (build) a bridge 4.______ Chinese and Western cultures. He kept 5.______ (practise) every day and never gave 6.______. He spent over sixty years 7.______ (achieve) his goal. He tried his best 8.______ (spread) classic Chinese poems to the world. He told young people to make every day 9.______ (count) and stick to their own life 10.______ (choice). 4 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $