Unit 1 课时3 Grammar Focus 4a-4c 含交互动画（教学课件）英语新教材人教版九年级下册

nullUnit 1 Let's Celebrate! 第三课时 Grammar Focus 4a-4c 课型：语法课 主讲人：XXX CONTENTS 从数主谓，到写句子 01 Lead-in 中秋夜，一个问题 02 Presentation 三种句子，三条规则 03 Practice 4a 判断 + 4b 填词 04 Production 读嫦娥故事，写自己的中秋 05 Summary 板书回顾 06 Language points as / when / although / if / whom 07 Exercise 选词填空 + 改错 + 转换 08 Homework 三层作业 学习目标 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 01 能圈出一句话中的动词，并找到它的主语；能用“划动词、圈主语”的方法数出 4a 六句各含几个主谓（1 个 / 2 个 / 2 个…）；能根据“主谓数量 + 中间连词”判断句子类型，4a 六句与 4c 十四句的判断正确率不低于 85% 并能说明依据。（学习理解） 02 能说出 and / but / or / so 的四种关系（并列、转折、选择、结果）与 when / as / if / although 的四种关系（时间、条件、让步），并各造一句；能完成 4b 五个连词填空，说清 as 与 when 的差别、whom 在介词后的用法；能改正 although…but、because…so、if it will rain 三类病句。（实践运用） 03 能把两个短句合成一个并列句或复合句（3 组），并写出 5 句话的中秋小短文，至少含 1 个并列句、2 个复合句。（迁移创新） 01 Lead-in Mid-Autumn night. The whole family is home. 今晚的三样东西 Mooncakes 圆的，像月亮 Osmanthus 香，秋天的味道 A story 奶奶每年都讲 Grandma is telling the old story again. The story of Chang'e Long ago, ten suns rose together. A hero called Houyi shot nine of them down. The gods gave him a magic medicine. One night, Chang'e took it. She flew to the moon. Houyi missed her. He put out her favourite food. But is “short” always better? A · 三个短句 Chang'e took the medicine. She flew to the moon. Houyi missed her. B · 一个长句 Chang'e took the medicine, so she flew to the moon, and Houyi missed her very much. 两个版本，说的是同一件事。区别在哪？ A 用三个“主谓俱全”的句子，B 把它们连成了一句——B 里出现了 so 和 and。 句子的“类型”，就是由主谓的个数和连接词决定的。 02 Presentation Look at the three sentences. What is different? Simple It reminds me of my visit to Italy. 主 Compound They are sweet rice balls, and we eat them during the Lantern Festival. Complex I wonder if the two water festivals are similar. 三句里都有“主谓”。第一句只有一个，后两句有两个。 所以判断的第一步，不是看长短，而是——数主谓。 谓 主 谓 主 谓 主 谓 主 谓 Step 1 · Count the “subject + verb” pairs. 一个主谓 = 简单句 Simple It reminds me of my visit to Italy. ↑主句：It + reminds What's on your calendar next month? ↑主句：What + is 只有一件事，一个主谓。 两个主谓 = 并列句 或 复合句 They are sweet rice balls, and we eat them. ↑主谓1：They + are ↑主谓2：we + eat I wonder if the two festivals are similar. ↑主谓1：I + wonder ↑主谓2：festivals + are 数主谓时，先找动词，再往前找它的主语。两个动词不定式、动名词不算。 Step 2 · Look at the word in the middle. and / but / or / so 两个句子都能独立站住。 去掉连词，各自还是完整的句子。 They are sweet rice balls.（✓） We eat them during the Festival.（✓） → 并列句 Compound when / as / if / although / that 只有一个能独立，另一个是从句。 去掉连词，从句站不住。 I wonder.（✓） if the two festivals are similar.（✗） → 复合句 Complex 这是一条“能不能站住”的检验：能站住的叫分句，站不住的叫从句。 One event, three ways to say it. Simple Chang'e flew to the moon. 一件事，说完就停。 Compound Chang'e flew to the moon, and Houyi missed her. 两件事并排，用 and 拉平。 Complex After Chang'e flew to the moon, Houyi missed her every night. 一件事在前，另一件是它的背景。 同一件事，选哪种句子，取决于你想让对方先看到什么： 看到“飞走了”→ 简单句；看到“两个人”→ 并列句；看到“先后与因果”→ 复合句。 Type 1 · Simple sentence：一个主谓，说完就停。 结构 主语 + 谓语（+ 宾语 / 状语） 一个句子，只说一件事。 It reminds me of my visit to Italy. 主 谓 What's on your calendar next month? 主 谓 → 疑问句也是简单句：它只有一个主谓。 五种常见骨架 主 + 谓 Birds fly. 主 + 谓 + 宾 She took the medicine. 主 + 系 + 表 Mooncakes are sweet. 主 + 谓 + 双宾 He gave me a mooncake. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 补 It made me happy. 简单句不等于“短句”。加多少状语，它还是简单句——只要主谓只有一个。 Type 2 · Compound sentence：两个主谓，各站各的。 and 并列 / 递进 They are sweet rice balls, and we eat them during the festival. but 转折 There are many races around the world, but this one is special. or 选择 Hurry up, or you will miss the dragon boat race. so 结果 She took the medicine, so she flew up to the moon. 检验方法：把连词去掉，两边都能独立成句。 They are sweet rice balls.（✓） We eat them during the festival.（✓） Type 3 · Complex sentence：一个主句，带一个从句。 主句 + 从句 I wonder | if the two water festivals are similar. 主句 从句（宾语） 去掉从句：I wonder.（✓ 但不完整） 去掉主句：if the two festivals are similar.（✗ 站不住） 从句不能单独成句——这是它和并列句最大的区别。 三类从句，三种连词 时间 / 条件 / 让步 when · as · if · although · because 宾语从句 that · if / whether · what / who 定语从句 who · which · that（修饰名词） 本课重点：状语从句（when / as / if / although）与宾语从句（that / if）。 Three steps, ten seconds, one answer. STEP 1 数主谓 找动词，再找它的主语。 1 个 → 简单句 → STEP 2 看连词 两个主谓之间是什么词？ and/but/or/so → 并列 → STEP 3 定类型 从句能不能单独站住？ 站不住 → 复合句 拿 4a 第一句试一遍 It reminds me of my visit to Italy. → 动词 reminds，主语 It，只有 1 个主谓 → Simple They are sweet rice balls, and we eat them... → 2 个主谓，中间是 and → Compound The words that decide everything. 并列连词 · 连接两个能独立的句子 and 并列、递进 rice balls, and we eat them but 转折 many races, but this one is special or 选择、否则 Hurry up, or you'll be late so 结果 took the medicine, so she flew up 从属连词 · 带出一个从句 when / as 当……时 as she recognized him if 如果 if the festivals are similar although 虽然 although it is quite hot because 因为 because she missed him that / whom 宾语从句 I believe that... / whom he met Three mistakes everyone makes. ✗ Although it was late, but we stayed. ✓ Although it was late, we stayed. although 和 but 不能同时用 ✗ Because she missed him, so she cried. ✓ Because she missed him, she cried. because 和 so 不能同时用 ✗ If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. ✓ If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来（主将从现） 记住：一个意思只用一个连接词。中文里“虽然……但是……”是两半，英语只留一半。 03 Practice 4a Read the sentences. Label them as simple , compound , or complex sentences. 1. It reminds me of my visit to Italy. 2. They are sweet rice balls, and we eat them during the Lantern Festival. 3. What's on your calendar next month? 4. I wonder if the two water festivals are similar. 5. That must be fun, although I believe that it is quite hot there. 6. There are many boat races around the world, but this one is special. Simple Compound Simple Complex Complex Compound 只有一个主谓：It + reminds 2 个主谓，and 连接 疑问句，仍只有一个主谓：What + is 2 个主谓，if 带出宾语从句 although 让步从句 + that 宾语从句（两层） 2 个主谓，but 连接 4b Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Pay attention to how parts of a sentence are connected. when but whom as if 1. The princess went pale ______ she recognized who the soldier was. 2. I almost got lost, ______ luckily, a policeman helped me. 3. What a shame! The president was on a business trip ______ I visited the company. 4. ______ you go all out for your dream, at least you won't regret it. 5. I wonder ______ the man on the sofa is waiting for. He's been sitting there all day! as but when If whom “当她认出那个士兵时”——时间，as = when 前后是转折：差点迷路 / 但警察帮了我 “我去参观公司的那段时间”——when 指一段时间 “如果你全力以赴”——条件，句首大写 waiting for 缺宾语，指人 → whom 04 Production 4c Read the passage. Count and write the number of each type of sentence. What other stories about the Mid-Autumn Festival do you 10w ？ 4c How many of each? Read and count. Paragraph 1 · 人们怎么过中秋 1 Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. 2 It is a time to reunite with family members. 3 On that night, people admire the full moon and eat mooncakes. 4 Mooncakes are traditional Chinese snacks in the shape of a full moon. 5 They are symbols of reunion and show people's best wishes for the family and friends they love and miss. 4c Paragraph 2 · 嫦娥的故事 9 个句子，读的时候注意 and / so / who / whose / that 6 There are many traditional stories about this festival. 7 One is about Chang'e flying to the moon. 8 In this story, a hero called Houyi received magic medicine as a gift. 9 Anyone who took this medicine could live forever. 10 Houyi planned to share it with his beautiful wife, whose name was Chang'e. 11 However, a bad man tried to steal it, so Chang'e took all the medicine to protect it. 12 Suddenly, she became very light, and she flew up to the moon! 13 It is said that Chang'e has lived on the moon since then. 14 How she wished to be reunited with her family again! Six sentences worth stopping for. 5 …the family and friends they love and miss. Complex 省略 that 的定语从句 9 Anyone who took this medicine could live forever. Complex who 定语从句 10 Houyi planned to share it with his wife, whose name was Chang'e. Complex whose 定语从句 11 …a bad man tried to steal it, so Chang'e took all the medicine. Compound so 连结果 12 Suddenly, she became very light, and she flew up to the moon! Compound and 连两个动作 13 It is said that Chang'e has lived on the moon since then. Complex that 主语从句 4c Count and check. Simple 8 句 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 14 一个主谓，说完就停 Compound 2 句 11 12 and / so 连两个能独立的句子 Complex 4 句 5 9 10 13 who / whose / that 带出从句 两个容易数错的地方 ① 第 3 句 admire … and eat … 两个动词共用一个主语 people，仍是简单句。 ② 第 14 句是感叹句，How she wished to be reunited —— 主谓只有 she + wished，也是简单句。 Why does a story need complex sentences? 只有简单句 She took the medicine. She flew to the moon. Houyi missed her. 三件事，三句，但读者不知道 它们之间有什么关系。 加上复合句 Because she took the medicine, she flew to the moon. Houyi missed her so much that he looked up every night. 因果、程度，一句话说清。 简单句报“发生了什么”，复合句讲“为什么会这样”。 写故事时，短句推进情节，长句交代原因——两种都要有。 Write: five sentences about your Mid-Autumn night. 任务要求 · 5 句话，写一次中秋经历 · 至少 1 个并列句（and / but / so） · 至少 2 个复合句（when / as / if / although / that） · 内容包含：时间地点、一个具体场面、一句感受 写完后同桌交换，用三种颜色标出： 简单句　并列句　复合句 先想三件事，再动笔 ① 哪一年的中秋？在哪里？ ② 哪个画面最清楚？ 　 （月亮、月饼、还是某个人说的话） ③ 当时是什么感觉？ 　 （用一个句子说，不要只写 happy） 把这三点写成 5 句， 再用连词把它们接起来。 05 Summary 06 Language points Let's learn and take notes. 词 as /æz/ conj. 当……时；因为 讲 引导时间状语从句：强调“一边……一边……”，两个动作同时发生。 引导原因状语从句：= since / because，语气较弱，常放句首。 与 when 的区别：as 更强调“同时、随着”，when 可指一个时间点。 例 As she recognized the soldier, the princess went pale.（当……时） As time goes by, I love this festival more.（随着） As it was raining, we stayed at home.（因为） 练 填空：______ he was walking home, he saw a lantern show.　　 翻译：随着年龄增长，我更懂这个节日了。 As As I grow older, I understand this festival better. Let's learn and take notes. 词 when /wen/ conj. 当……时 讲 引导时间状语从句，从句可长可短：一个时间点（when I got home）或一段时间（when I was a child）。 从句用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）：When he comes, I will tell him. when 还可作疑问词（When is the festival?），注意区分。 例 When the moon rose, we put mooncakes on the table. I was watching TV when the phone rang.（正在……这时……） When you go there, you will see many lanterns. 练 填空：______ I was a child, I often made lanterns with my father. 翻译：他到的时候，我们会开始吃月饼。 When When he arrives, we will start eating mooncakes. Let's learn and take notes. 词 although /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 讲 引导让步状语从句：先承认一个不利条件，再说主句。 不能与 but 连用（汉语“虽然……但是……”是两半，英语只留一半）。 可与 though 互换；though 更口语，还可放句末。 例 Although it was late, we stayed.（虽然很晚，我们还是留下了。） Although I had heard the story many times, I still liked it. It is a good festival, although it is quite hot. 练 填空：____________ it was raining, they went to watch the boat race. 改错：Although he was tired, but he kept working. Although Although he was tired, he kept working.（删去 but） Let's learn and take notes. 词 if /ɪf/ conj. 如果；是否　　whom /huːm/ pron. 谁（宾格） 讲 if 引导条件状语从句：主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）。 if 引导宾语从句：意为“是否”，从句时态按需要，可用将来时。 whom 是 who 的宾格，介词后只能用 whom：for whom / with whom。 例 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（条件：主将从现） I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.（宾语：可以用 will） I wonder whom the man on the sofa is waiting for.（介词 for 后接 whom） 练 填空：I don't know ______ he will come to the party.　　 改错：If it will be fine, we will go out. if If it is fine, we will go out.（从句用一般现在时） 07 Exercise 连词填空 + 改错 + 转换 一、选词填空（10 题） and but so or when as if although because that 1. Mooncakes are round, ______ they look like the full moon. 2. I wanted to go out, ______ it was raining hard. 3. Hurry up, ______ you will miss the dragon boat race. 4. She missed her family, ______ she looked at the moon every night. 5. ______ the moon rose, the whole family sat down to eat. 6. ______ he was walking home, he heard a song. 7. ______ you go all out, you won't regret it. 8. __________ it was late, nobody wanted to leave. 9. I stayed at home _________ I had a bad cold. 10. It is said ______ Chang'e has lived on the moon ever since. and but so or When As If Although because that 二、句子转换（5 题） 1. The moon was full. We ate outside.（用 and 合并） → The moon was full, and we ate outside. 2. She was ill. She still came.（用 although） → Although she was ill, she still came. 3. I don't know. Will he come?（用 if 合并） → I don't know if he will come. 4. He missed the bus. He was late.（用 because） → He was late because he missed the bus. 5. It rains. We will stay at home.（用 if） → If it rains, we will stay at home. 08 Homework 把三种句子带回生活 Homework 基础作业 把 4a 六句抄一遍，并在每句后写出类型与依据（如：② Compound — 两个主谓 + and）。再把 4b 五句补完整，读三遍。 进阶作业 用 and / but / so / because / although / if 各写一个句子，共 6 句，内容围绕中秋；每句后面标出：简单句 / 并列句 / 复合句。 拓展作业 用 8—10 句话写一段“我家的中秋”，其中至少 3 个复合句；朗读并录音 1 分半。 Thank you for listening! $Hello there, in this video, we're going to learn about identifying and creating simple and compound sentences. What's a simple sentence? A simple sentence shows one complete idea, which means that has one subject and one predict. If you, anna, watch the subject and predicate video score down to the description box below, and you'll find a link to that video. Assuming you know what a subject and clinics is, let's look at a few simple sentences. A cat chase the mouse. We have one subject, a cat and one predict chase the mouse. This together, one subject and one credit, is a complete sentence and is a simple sentence. Let's make another simple sentence. My uncle fixed my bike. There is one subject, my uncle and one predict at fixed my bike, one subject, one predict. Again, this is a simple sentence. A compound sentence is a little different. Let's learn more about IT. A compound sentences made when two or more simple sentences are joined together with a conjunction. A conduction is like a bridge that connects two sentences, like, and, but, so and because. One thing you need to remember is to put a comma before the conjunction when joining two full sentences. So let's take a look at a compound sentence, shall we? A cat chasing the mouse, but the mouse ran into a hole. Let's break IT down. Subject and predicate, that's one simple sentence. Subject and predicate, that's another simple sentence. Two simple sentences connected with a comma. And but it's a compound sentence. Here's another one. Start with a simple sentence. I went shopping. Let's add a camera and construction, and I went shopping. And now you need to add another simple sentence to finish making a compound sentence. I went shopping and I bought a pair of socks. OK now is checking time, subject and predicates that one simple sentence, subject and predicate, that's another simple sentence, two simple sentences connected with a comma and a conjunction. And it's a compound sentence. Can you tell if this is a simple or a compound sentence? An ostrich cannot fly, and ostrich is the subject cannot fly is the predict one subject and one predict. Is this a simple or a component sentence? How about this one? And astra can not fly, but I can run very fast. We have a subject and a predicate, a comma and a conjunction, and another subject and a predicate. It's a compound sentence. I hope this video helped you Better understand about simple and compound sentences. Check out the description below for additional resources if you need extra practice. Thank you for watching, and don't forget to subscribe. 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