Unit 3 Sea Exploration Period 4 Express Your Opinions on Sea Exploration 写作导学案（武汉本土情境·江城看海）-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit 3 Sea Exploration Period 4 Express Your Opinions on Sea Exploration 议论文写作 · 武汉本土情境（江城看海）+论证结构训练 · 人教版2019选择性必修第四册（学生版） 学情分析 学生已经学完本单元前几课时的内容，读过关于海洋探索的课文，积累了一些相关话题词汇，也认识一些表达观点的句式。 但学生大多没写过议论文，不知道议论文该怎么搭架子——引言说什么、论证怎么摆证据、结论怎么收；对表达观点的句式和连接词认得少，作文容易变成“我觉得好就是好”的流水账，只有观点没有证据。 学生就在武汉生活，长江、汉江、东湖天天见，十年禁渔后江豚重新出现在武汉江段、东湖水质从劣Ⅴ类抬到Ⅲ类，这些事都听大人讲过。写议论文时拿来当论据，比背外地的数据亲。 学习目标 1. 语言能力：读懂两篇观点文，说出议论文“引论→论证→结论”三段式结构；能认出并运用表达观点的句式和连接词，写议论文时至少用上两种。 2. 思维品质：区分“探索”与“开发”，学会用证据支撑观点，正反两面想问题。 3. 文化意识：从武汉的长江禁渔、江豚回归、东湖治理中体会“保护水就是保护家园”，带着江城人的视角谈海洋探索。 4. 学习能力：借助学案上的三段式结构图和同伴互评清单，自己起草、自己改稿。 学习重难点 学习重点 ① 掌握议论文“引论→论证→结论”三段式结构，能把观点写完整； ② 用PEEL论证和表达观点句式把论点写清楚，至少用上一个武汉案例。 学习难点 ① 论据要具体可信（数据、案例、事实），不能空喊口号； ② 把武汉素材（禁渔、江豚回归、东湖治理）自然写进论证，让案例服务论点。 任务说明 本课任务基于教材 “Express your opinions on sea exploration” 本土化重构：导入用武汉“江城”的水情结，论据素材可选用长江禁渔、江豚回归、东湖治理等武汉案例。 课堂探究 Lead-in: A River City’s View on the Sea Look at the map and the pictures. Talk about the chart in pairs: what do you know about Wuhan’s water, and why does it matter to the sea? Wuhan water What do you know? Why does it matter to the sea? The Yangtze & the Han River East Lake Finless porpoises in Wuhan Part Ⅰ　Reading for information Read the title and the first sentences of the two texts on Page 32, and answer the questions. Activity 1　What is the type of the text? A. Exposition.　B. Narration.　C. Argumentation.　D. Description. Activity 2　What are the three parts of an argumentative essay? Part Ⅱ　Reading for structure Activity 1　Read the two texts again. Find the argument, evidence and restatement in each, and fill in the chart. Text Argument Evidence Restatement Text 1 (worried) Text 2 (supportive) Activity 2　Look at the two charts and decide which one supports which text. Chart 1: Global trends in the state of world marine fish stocks Chart 2: Decline in oil spills Activity 3　Three-part structure of an argumentative essay: Part What to write Introduction Body Conclusion Part Ⅲ　Reading for language features Activity 1　Learn the opinion expressions. ① From my perspective, the Yangtze fishing ban proves that protecting water is protecting our home.（从我的角度看，长江禁渔证明保护水域就是保护家园。） ② In my view, a river city like Wuhan knows that every river flows to the sea.（在我看来，像武汉这样的江城明白，每一条河流都流向大海。） ③ I believe that the return of finless porpoises to the Wuhan section shows that protection works.（我相信，江豚频繁重现长江武汉江段，说明保护是见成效的。） ④ However, as far as I am concerned, development must be balanced with protection, just as the East Lake shows us.（然而就我而言，发展必须与保护相平衡，东湖治理就是例子。） Activity 2　Learn the PEEL method. Label the four parts (Point / Evidence / Explanation / Link) in the example. Point　　　　What point do you want to make? Evidence　　What facts and examples can you find to support your point? How reliable are the sources? Explanation Explain how the facts support your opinion, and respond to opposing views when necessary.（解释证据如何支撑你的观点，并可适当回应反方顾虑。） Link　　　　Connect this point to the next point, or back to the main point of the essay or paragraph. ★ PEEL example with Wuhan cases: Point: We should explore the sea with care, not exploit it blindly. Evidence: The Yangtze fishing ban has brought the finless porpoise back to the Wuhan section, and the water of East Lake has become cleaner. Explanation: These Wuhan facts show that when we manage water with science and patience, protection works. However, this does not mean we should fear exploration — exploration guided by science can help us do the same for the sea. Link: Therefore, responsible exploration is the way forward, which brings us to my second point. Activity 3　Underline the linking words in the example. order: first / second / first and foremost / all in all　　contrast: however / while / but　　cause: because / so / therefore Part Ⅳ　Preparing for writing Work in groups. Brainstorm the arguments and evidence, and fill in the chart. Aspects Evidence (facts & cases) Wuhan cases to use Arguments FOR exploration Arguments AGAINST / risks My opinion & Wuhan cases Part Ⅴ　Writing an argumentative essay Task: Should we explore the sea? Write an argumentative essay (about 100-120 words) giving your opinion. Use the three-part structure, the PEEL method and at least one Wuhan case. Activity 0　Read Sample B (see Appendix at the end of this worksheet). Find out what is missing — structure? evidence? Write down one problem. Activity 1　Use the outline and the sentence starters to draft your essay. • Introduction: state your opinion (From my perspective, ...) • Body: Point 1 + Evidence (+ Explanation) • Body: Point 2 + Evidence • Conclusion: restate your opinion (All in all, ...) From my perspective, we should / should not explore the sea, because ________. For example, ________. (Use a fact or a Wuhan case) All in all, ________. Activity 2　Exchange drafts with your partner. Use the checklist to score. Full marks: 100. Item Score Self Partner Three-part structure (Introduction → Body → Conclusion) 50 Arguments with evidence (PEEL, clear opinion) 50 Self-check after class (tick □→☑ when done): □ Used at least 2 linking words (first / however / all in all …) □ Wuhan case appears and serves the argument (not forced in) □ No obvious tense / singular-plural errors 参考答案 Part Ⅰ Activity 1: C（Argumentation 议论文） Activity 2: 教材P32议论文三要素：argument（论点）→ evidence（论据）→ restatement（重申）；写作三段式：Introduction（亮观点）→ Body（论点+论据，用PEEL）→ Conclusion（换言重申）。 Part Ⅱ Activity 1: Text 1 (worried): Argument — Exploring often means exploiting; sea exploration has caused and will continue to cause pollution and ecological damage. Evidence — Deepwater Horizon oil spill (2010, over 200 million gallons); plastic pollution; mining in the Arctic; overfishing and whale/dolphin hunting. Restatement — The sea is home to life... If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us. Text 2 (supportive): Argument — We must explore the oceans to understand our planet; sea exploration is important for our future. Evidence — research ships help address climate change; better management of resources; new medicines, food and energy; predicting earthquakes; vast resources under the sea and ice. Restatement — Environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs; technology may give us more options. Activity 2: Chart 1 (marine fish stocks) supports Text 1 — overfishing is a problem it warns about. Chart 2 (Decline in oil spills) supports Text 2 — technology improves, so risks can be managed. Activity 3: Introduction — state your opinion clearly. Body — arguments with evidence (PEEL). Conclusion — restate your opinion in different words. Part Ⅲ Activity 1: ① From my perspective ② In my view ③ I believe that ④ as far as I am concerned Activity 2: Point — explore with care; Evidence — fishing ban → porpoises back, East Lake cleaner; Explanation — protection works when managed with science; Link — responsible exploration is the way forward. Activity 3: 本段PEEL示例中实际划出的连接词：and（Evidence句并列）、when（Explanation句时间/条件）、however（Explanation句让步对比，回应反方“探索即污染”的担忧）、therefore（Link句因果总结）。注：first / second / first and foremost / all in all 属于整篇文章层面的顺序连接词，用于段落之间（见Sample A范文），不在本PEEL段落示例中。 Part Ⅳ 略（开放讨论） Part Ⅴ Appendix: Sample A & Sample B（附录范文） Sample A（优秀范文 · 江城视角） From my perspective, we should explore the sea, but with care. First and foremost, we do not know what we do not know: more than 80% of the oceans remain unexplored, and scientific research ships can help us deal with problems like climate change. Second, understanding the sea helps us manage its resources better and may lead to new medicines, food and energy sources. Wuhan has taught us the same lesson. The Yangtze fishing ban has brought the finless porpoise back to our river, and the water of East Lake has become cleaner. These facts show that when we manage water with science and patience, protection works. However, more exploration can also mean more pollution. So we need a balance. All in all, exploration is not the same as exploitation. If we care about our planet, we should explore the sea with our eyes open — with rivers like the Yangtze as reminders of what we are protecting. Sample B（待提升范文） Sea exploration is very important. We should explore the sea because it is good for us. The sea has many things. We can get food and energy from the sea. Some people say it is bad but I think it is good. We should explore the sea. It is very important. Teacher's comments & rubric（教师评语量规） Sample A：三段式结构完整，观点鲜明（explore with care）；PEEL用得自然，武汉案例（禁渔江豚回归、东湖治理）服务论点；连接词和武汉案例融得自然。 Sample B：有观点但没有证据，重复“it is good / important”，没有结构标志词，没有具体案例。建议每段加具体证据、用 first / second / all in all 组织、加一个武汉案例。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $