上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第二学期高二年级英语学科4月试卷

复旦大学附属中学2025学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科4月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. both 2. to respond 3. is going 4. which 5. against 6. leading 7. estimated 8. no matter how 9. why 10. skip Section B 11. I 12. F 13. H 14. A 15. J 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. K II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A Section B 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B Section C 47. C 48. D 49. E 50. A III. Summary Writing 51. Discovered in 1974, the Terracotta Army is an underground army of life-sized clay soldiers and horses built for China's first emperor to protect him in the afterlife. Each soldier has unique facial features and serves as valuable evidence of ancient Chinese military tactics and social structures. Many underground mysteries, like precious treasures and complex traps, remain for scientists to explore. IV. Translation 52. He has a bad temper, so I can’t afford to offend him. 53. The engineer can diagnose an engine problem just by listening. 54. If your bookshelves are open, you'd better spend a few days rearranging the books on them. 55. When you put the flowers into the vase, you may be disappointed to find that they are boring, but they are sure to give you a surprise as time goes on. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear School Administration, I am writing to express my firm opposition to the proposal of converting the open-air tennis courts into a parking lot. As a student, I believe we should prioritize our physical well-being and the preservation of campus facilities over the convenience of parking. According to the survey conducted by the Student Union, an overwhelming 78% of students utilize the tennis courts on a regular basis. Specifically, 52% use them at least once a week, and 26% utilize them daily. This data clearly demonstrates that the courts are an integral and highly valued part of our campus life, serving as a vital outlet for stress relief and physical exercise. Only 22% of respondents stated that they never use the facilities. Even so, eliminating such a crucial sports venue would undoubtedly undermine the overall health and vitality of the student body. Physical fitness is essential for academic success, and we should not sacrifice it for a parking lot. Therefore, I strongly urge the school to seek alternative locations for the parking lot. We could perhaps utilize unused spaces near the main gate or encourage off-campus parking. Preserving our sports facilities is paramount for maintaining a dynamic and healthy campus environment. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2025学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科4月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Never Skip Sleep Stress, scientists also know, can speed up aging, and a body that's not sleeping enough looks similar to one that's stressed out—it's highly reactive to threats, even when those threats don't have any real risk. Biologically speaking, there's virtually no difference in the way a body reacts to a noise in the middle of the night or a stressful work deadline: in 1 ______ of the cases, fight-or-flight mode is triggered (触发), blood pressure rises, breathing gets shallow, and the heart starts to race. That's what happens to a body on no sleep too. Those stress reactions can be useful, of course: they enable you 2 ______ (respond) more readily to an actual physical threat. But that's not usually what 3 ______ (go) on. And staying in an alert mode can trigger a number of unhealthy conditions, the most damaging of 4 ______ is inflammation (发炎). Inflammation is the body's natural defense system 5 ______ injury or invading microbes like bacteria and viruses. But inflammation can also become long-term, and that's when the real trouble starts. Long-term inflammation, doctors now know, is a(n) 6 ______ (lead) driver of many diseases, and one of the main drivers of long-term inflammation is, of course, not sleeping enough. Getting a decent night's sleep, then, is good advice for all of us. Americans spent a(n) 7 ______ (estimate) $41 billion on sleeping pills and other sleep aids in 2015; 8 ______ much we may boast about our diligence, we know that we need sleep, even if we don't always know why. But scientists do. That's 9 ______ experts are insisting, with increasing frequency and noise, that sleep be a priority—as important or more than what you eat and how much you exercise. We wouldn't dream of skipping meals on a regular basis, so why 10 ______ (skip) sleep? Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. approached B. characters C. corners D. costly E. defense F. dying G. explanation H. magnified I. potential J. storing K. tasteful Temples of print Letterpress printing (活版印刷) hung on longer in poorer countries than in Britain, but now its near extinction is global. Thousands of tonnes of metal type must have been melted down. But some has been bought up by collectors like Ahmad Matar, a Saudi Arabian artist. His biggest collection was from an Armenian library in Cairo, but he says that Beirut may have the greatest (11) ______ for it was the centre of the Arabic printing industry. "There is an Arabic saying," he says from his studio in Jeddah. "Cairo writes. Beirut prints. Baghdad reads." The most enthusiastic conservators (文物保护者) are former printers. The employees of (12) ______ industries often feel a powerful feeling for the machines with which they have spent their lives. The feeling is perhaps (13) ______ among those whose business was spreading human culture. When Izumi Munemura was looking for material for the Printing Museum he opened in Tokyo in 2000 he was (14) ______ by former employees of Toppan, a printing company, which had largely stopped using letterpress by 1985. They had been (15) ______ some of the company's hot-metal type. "They opened the door to the warehouse and said, 'Here you go: we have been waiting for this moment." Not all the old fonts and machines were given to museums or melted down. In a few (16) ______ of the world, such as Kazui Press in Tokyo, they continue to operate. Kazui was run by Juzo Takaoka from 1956 until his son, Masao, took over in 1995. The younger Mr Takaoka still runs the firm. Letterpress is a far more difficult business in Japanese than in English; it takes 3,000-4,000 (17) ______ to print a book or newspaper. It is also (18) ______: Kazui business cards are $185 per hundred. But Mr Takaoka still has plenty of customers. In (19) ______ he points to a grey china cup into which he has poured tea. "You can serve or drink tea in a plastic or paper cup. The process would be the same: you bring the cup to your mouth and you drink tea. But it's more (20) ______ to drink from a china cup, no?" II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Is the west falling out of love with the car? For environmentalists it seems a(n) (21) ______ dream, but it is happening. While those with young families may carry on using four wheels, a combination of our ageing societies and a new attitude among the young seems to be (22) ______ our 20th-century car addiction. Somewhere along the road, we reached the high point of the car and are now moving down the other side. That (23) ______ takes several forms. Sales of new cars have almost halved in the US, down from nearly 11 million in 1985 to about 5.5 million now. We shouldn't (24) ______ that to a great degree, though. Cars last longer these days, and sales go up and down with the economy. But we have hit peak car ownership, too. And, more to the point, peak per-capita travel (人均出行). The phenomenon was first (25) ______ in The Road...Less Traveled, a 2008 report by the Brookings Institution in Washington DC, but had been going on largely unnoticed for years. Japan reached it in the 1990s. They talk there of "demotorisation". The west had its (26) ______ point in 2004. That year the US, UK, Germany, France, Australia and Sweden all saw the start of a decline in the number of kilometres an average person travelled in a car that (27) ______ today. What could be driving us (28) ______? Fuel costs and rising insurance premiums (保险费) may be a factor. And urban congestion, combined with an absence of parking places and congestion charging, makes an increasing number of us look on the car as a(n) (29) ______ way to move around in cities where there are public transport alternatives. Demographics (人口统计数据) are another possible (30) ______. It is surely no (31) ______ that 'peak car' happened first in Japan, which has the world's oldest population. Pensioners do not drive to work, and many don't drive at all. There is also the rise of "virtual commuters" who work from home through the Internet. Besides these new (32) ______ patterns, leisure lifestyles are also changing. The biggest (33) ______ in car use in the US is among people under 35. The number of American 17-year-olds with a driver's licence has fallen from about three-quarters to about half since 1998. Twenty-somethings have recently gone from driving more than the average to driving less. Social scientists detect a new 'culture of urbanisms'. The stylish way to live these days is in inner-city apartments, not the (34) ______. Richard Florida, an urban studies theorist at the University of Toronto in Canada, points out that the young shop online, telecommute, live in walkable city neighbourhoods near public transport and rely more on social media and less on face-to-face visiting. Given those changes, they can think of better ways to spend their money than buying a(n) (35) ______. 21. A. amazing B. impossible C. emerging D. realistic 22. A. admitting B. discovering C. causing D. breaking 23. A. side B. peak C. love D. road 24. A. give rise to B. lose interest in C. take notice of D. keep pace with 25. A. recognized B. underestimated C. neglected D. overrated 26. A. missed B. common C. tipping D. focal 27. A. suffers B. occurs C. pauses D. continues 28. A. into a state B. onto the street C. off the road D. off a phenomenon 29. A. dumb B. individual C. wise D. efficient 30. A. tendency B. explanation C. condition D. alternative 31. A. obstacle B. accident C. defense D. evidence 32. A. thought B. behaviour C. progression D. employment 33. A. fall B. growth C. difference D. problem 34. A. downtown B. houses C. suburbs D. campus 35. A. car B. computer C. apartment D. phone Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Doug Allan films wild animals in cold places. His perfect temperature, he says, is -18°C. Allan trained as a marine biologist and commercial diver. Diving was his first passion, where he learned about survival in cold places. His big break came when a TV crew turned up in Antarctica, where Allan was working, to film a wildlife documentary. 'I ended up taking the crew to different places, and after 48 hours I realised that being a wildlife cameraman had all the things I love: travel, adventure, underwater.' He is now a top cameraman and has worked on many major TV wildlife series. 'My value is field experience in cold conditions. I have a feel for it. I have spent so much time on sea ice it now feels like crossing the street. I do get cold toes but the poles are healthy places. There are no diseases or mosquitoes.' Wildlife filming, Allan says, is full of great successes, but also failures and embarrassments. Once, he was in the Orkneys to film kittiwakes. Unfortunately he could not identify which birds they were. When Allan recently got permission to film sequences (一组镜头) for a major TV series in Kong Karls Land, a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean, he did not expect an easy assignment. It is a world of polar bears and is strictly off limits to all but the most fearless or foolish. Usually -32°C in April, the wind is strong and keeping cameras in the deep snow is a nightmare. After walking five or more hours a day and watching polar bear dens (巢穴) in the snow slopes for 23 days, however, Allan had seen just one mother bear and her baby. By day 24, though, he says, he was living in bear world, at bear speed, with bear senses. 'We find a new hole and wait. We try every means to stay warm. Five hours of watching and then with no warning at all I catch a glimpse (瞥见) so brief that I almost miss it. But the camera's locked on the hole on full zoom and my eye's very quickly on the viewfinder. Nothing for a couple of seconds and then an unmistakable black nose. Nose grows bigger to become full head and in less than a minute she has her front legs out and is resting on the snow in front of the hole. She's looking at me but she's not bothered. I've just taken a close-up, thinking this can't get much better... when she sets off on a long slide down the slope. I'd swear it's partly in sheer pleasure,' he recalls, adding that two baby bears then appeared at the den entrances. 'Clearly it's their first view of the world... It's show time on the slopes and we have front-row seats.' 36. What do we learn about Allan in the first paragraph? A. He trained as a diver in order to become a wildlife cameraman. B. Becoming a cameraman suited the interests he already had. C. Finding work as a cameraman allowed him to remain in Antarctica. D. He was given the chance to work as a cameraman by a TV crew he met. 37. Why does Allan compare spending time on sea ice to crossing the street? A. It is an ordinary occurrence for him. B. He thinks it presents a similar level of danger. C. He has learnt to approach it in the same way. D. It requires skills that can be used in winter conditions. 38. When Allan had been on Kong Karls Land for a while, he began to ______. A. be more hopeful that one bear would lead him to others B. feel a deep understanding of how polar bears lived C. get used to the terrible conditions for filming D. stop worrying about the dangers he was facing 39. What feeling does Allan describe in the last paragraph? A. Panic when he nearly fails to film a fantastic sequence. B. Concern that he has disturbed an adult female with her young. C. Amazement at being lucky enough to capture some great shots. D. Delight at being able to move around after waiting quietly for ages. （B） Jackson & Brown Ltd Head Office, Bradford House, 234 Manningham Road Bolton BL3 5QS t: 01204 249241 f: 01204 790061 1 June 2020 Dear Colleague, Re: 40 I am writing to make you aware of some forthcoming changes to the payment dates for your salary. During the past few weeks, we have been discussing with your trade union representatives our intention to change the frequency of the payment of your salary from monthly to every four weeks. The reason for this change is to enable us to improve the efficiency of the payroll system and to make it easier for you to understand what you have been paid. On Thursday 30 August you will be paid your monthly basic pay up to and including 31 August. The last Thursday in the month is the normal monthly pay day. On 13 September you will be paid basic pay up to and including 14 September. You will then be paid again 4 weeks later on 11 October, for time up to 12 October. The timetable of 4-weekly payments for the remainder of the financial year is listed below: 8 November 31 January 6 December 28 February 3 January 28 March 2021 I understand that the transfer to a four-weekly pay cycle may cause some of you disruption to your monthly pay routines, for example mortgage (按揭) or rent repayments. In recognition of this initial disturbance and to assist you through this time, we are offering a loan facility for a maximum of three weeks' wages (net pay), for those who may find it difficult to budget for this change. I have enclosed a form detailing this loan. Please ensure you complete and return the form by 30 June if you wish to take advantage of this offer. If you choose to use the loan facility, this will be paid on 13 September. Of course, should you wish to discuss the contents of this letter, your line manager will have further information. If you still have any concerns or you have a personal query you wish to discuss, then from 13 June until 1 July you can call the following number: 01204 249259. I hope that this letter clarifies the changes for you and would like to take this opportunity to thank you for your continued hard work. Yours sincerely, [Signature] 40. Which of the following best fits the blank labelled with "60" in the paragraph? A. Notice of pay rise B. Changes to pay cycle C. Information of pay D. Cancellation of payships 41. According to the e-mail, which of the following statements is true? A. The company's financial year ends every March. B. It's not easy to understand the new payment system. C. The system of 4-weekly payments is thought inefficient. D. Employees will be paid on the last Thursday of the month. 42. Which of the following statements is true of the loan facility? A. Employees can apply through the hotline available until 1 July. B. Everyone can apply for a loan that equals four week's wages. C. The applicants will receive the loan every month. D. The deadline for the application is 30 June. （C） Science changes as it makes its way on to television, just as it does as it travels to newspapers, magazines, books, exams and through the various media of the scientific community. People who take a dim view of media professors need to get over themselves and stop assuming the difference between professional and popular science on a frame that places the former on top. Popularisation doesn't make knowledge something less than it was. Done well, it isn't the opposite of research; it's lifeblood. Still, there are problems with many traditional approaches to the way we share science. There is a history of snobbishness (势利) against scientists who talk to the public, but equally silly is a snobbishness against presenters who aren't actually scientists. These days the serious TV channels favour professional scientists to present, even if they rarely write the script and often talk about something outside their area of expertise (专业领域). I especially worry that science is often presented as something to be simply consumed by the public. Retelling science for explanatory or entertainment purposes might give us a great picture of what the scientific idea looks like, but often removes a lot about how the scientists got to these conclusions, meaning it's harder to review or get involved with. I'd like to see an attempt to share the means of production of science, not just sell its products. The interviews with working scientists on a current radio series bring out the texture of science, a sense of what drives scientists, the frustrations, boredom, adventure and accidents their work can include. But this is still a matter of telling a story rather than involving audiences. That's not to say I'm against storytelling science, just that we have to be aware of the narrative forces in play. Some time ago there was a lot of complaints about a nature documentary filming polar bears in a wildlife centre rather than in the wild, as appeared to be the case. But this is routine, just as we routinely leave out bits of science to tell interesting, exciting and useful stories. We'd get lost otherwise. Televisual science is always a construction, and it's often worth deconstructing and arguing over how we choose to do this. But it can be a meaningful and necessary construction too, just as a scientific paper is a meaningful construction we might argue over. I don't mind the odd bit of showmanship around science. Nor do I mind shows that just invite audiences to passively watch or listen—as long as we have more critical and interactive projects too. We might be in a golden age of science television but we shouldn't stop asking questions about it. We need to be imaginative about what science is, who it talks to and how it might be better not simply find ever more ways. 43. What point is the writer making in the first paragraph? A. Science can benefit from becoming more popular. B. Popular science is inferior to professional science. C. Scientific communities report on science without altering it. D. The quality of research is being harmed by popular science. 44. The writer believes that the public are frequently being denied ______. A. the opportunity to enjoy programmes about science B. information about the results of scientific research C. the experience of hearing scientists talk about their work D. an understanding of how the scientific process works 45. The writer mentions the programme about polar bears to show that ______. A. scientists often find it impossible to agree with one another B. the makers of science documentaries are often untrustworthy C. in science it is impossible to report every detail of the story D. documentaries cannot show the scientific process realistically 46. What does the writer call for in the last paragraph? A. An end to the disapproval of science in television programmes. B. A more balanced approach when covering science on television. C. Greater public awareness of the current nature of science. D. Television quiz shows that focus exclusively on science. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Each 'new' experience as a non-smoker has to be addressed—eating out, waiting for an aero-plane, a theatre interval. B. My work, which I thought would be the most difficult to accomplish without cigarettes, did not cause a single problem. C. I suppose my inability to explain how one afternoon I had been a heavy smoker, and four hours later I was not, was faintly annoying. D. Since my motivation for being here is writing, not stopping, it would not be right to expect your method to work on me. E. Having a cigarette was an activity in itself. F. I suppose what happened was that the stop-smoking messages made intellectual sense. The Day When I Gave Up Smoking I thought everyone would be pleased, but one of my colleagues was absolutely angry, "What do you mean? If it was that easy, why didn't you stop years ago?" (47) ______ I find it curious myself. The stop-smoking session (阶段) took place exactly two months and three weeks ago. I had not intended to stop and I did not even particularly want to. For one thing, I wholly hated the pressure from the anti-smoking fighter—and I still do. For another, I had low blood pressure and a long-living and healthy family. I did not cough or feel unwell and threw off colds more easily, it seemed to me, than friends with consciously healthier lifestyles. On that unexceptional Thursday afternoon, I had simply gone along to the Birmingham session of The East Way to Stop Smoking to write an article about other people trying to give up. 'I shan't be trying to stop myself. It wouldn't be fair,' I announced firmly. (48) ______ I could not have been more reasonable. After all, I positively enjoyed smoking. It gave me real pleasure. I thought the counsellor (顾问) looked at me rather knowingly. We were encouraged to smoke as much as we wished and most of the afternoon was conducted in a room so smoke-filled that we had to open the windows. I noticed with interest that when I was told to smoke I was reluctant to do so—and so were the others. (49) ______ Just as smoking itself had become a challenge in the face of opposition, so the concept of stopping began to feel attractive. The possibility of not being a smoker was beginning to make me feel powerful. It was a secret feeling that had nothing to do with anyone except myself. Now I do miss my cigarettes, but not too much. (50) ______ All are key moments in which I would have previously smoked cigarettes. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Terracotta Army The Terracotta Army is one of China's most famous cultural treasures. Discovered by farmers digging a well in 1974, the huge underground army was built for Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperor. Thousands of life-sized clay soldiers and horses were buried near his tomb to protect him in the after-life. Each clay soldier has a different face. No two are exactly alike. Ancient craftsmen made each figure with separate parts: head, body, arms and legs. They assembled them and added unique facial features. Experts believe thousands of different real-life soldiers served as models. The army gives us valuable information about life more than 2,200 years ago. The clothing and hairstyles show social positions. The weapons found nearby tell us about ancient Chinese military technology. Even the layout of the pits shows how ancient armies were organised. Many mysteries remain. The main tomb of Qin Shi Huang has not yet been opened. According to ancient records, the tomb contains precious treasures and complex defensive traps. Scientists use modern scanning tools to study the tomb without digging into it. They hope one day to learn more secrets hidden underground. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 他脾气不太好，我可不敢得罪他。(afford) 53. 这位工程师只要听一下就能判断发动机出了什么问题。(diagnose) 54. 如果你的书架是开放的，不妨花几天把书架上的书重新摆放一下。(better) 55.当你把这些花放进花瓶的时候，你会很失望地发现他们有点乏味，但是随着时间的推移，它们一定会给你带来惊喜。(sure) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校计划将露天网球场改造为停车场，以满足学校教工停车的需求，但学校师生对这一计划褒贬不一。为了更好地帮助校方做出决策，学生会调研了师生对该网球场的使用情况，结果如下图所示。结合这一调研结果，写一封信给校方，内容须包括：1) 你是否赞同这一改造计划；2) 结合调研结果说明你的理由。 图表数据：Never 22%; Daily 26%; At least once a week 52% 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $