上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第二学期高二年级英语学科3月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2025学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科3月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A day in the life of a teen detective Isla, aged 19, is a private detective, although one day she would like to be a world-famous actress. For now, going undercover gives her good practice at playing different roles. Private detectives are hard-working and each day is full of surprises. Isla never knows exactly what her day's work 1 ______ (involve). Sometimes she works a 16-hour day and might not finish until after midnight, or she may find that an investigation is easy 2 ______ (complete) and she can go home early. It all depends on the day, but Isla likes the job's unpredictable nature. You normally wouldn't suspect that a schoolgirl or a Goth was observing you, but Isla can easily dress up as these characters. She's at an age where, with the right clothes, she can look much older or younger. That's why she is given jobs that 3 ______ else at the detective agency could do. She sometimes has to check 4 ______ a shop or bar is selling products to people who are underage. In other jobs, she knocks on the door of the person she's investigating and asks them some questions for an imaginary school survey. It doesn't get much 5 ______ (easy) than that! A 6 ______ (hide) camera and a voice recorder are part of Isla's equipment. Many cases involve following people who are cheating employers by saying they are too ill to work, when in fact they are fine. One man who Isla investigated wasn't going to work 7 ______ backache. However, she found out he was playing golf every day! Photos and videos of him 8 ______ (do) these activities meant his employer could give him the sack. In the past, it 9 ______ (see) as a job for older men in dark raincoats and sunglasses. The image of the private detective might have changed, but in a world 10 ______ crime is the same as ever, there are now job opportunities in this field for people of all ages. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. consumer B. economy C. objective D. otherwise E. preferences F. productive G. stimulate H. subconsciously I. substantial J. support K. unnecessary The Effect of Advertising Advertising is the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services, and it has increasingly deep and wide-ranging effects on present-day society. The effects on consumer (11) ______ and on the economy in general are particularly significant. It is difficult to evaluate the influence of advertising campaigns on consumer choices, but it must be (12) ______ or companies would not spend so much on them. Firstly, they inform people about new products, special offers and so forth. In addition, they increase demand by showing brands being used by people like you—or by people you want to be like. This may, however, indicate that consumers are being sold (13) ______ items. Secondly, some advertising works (14) ______ so people don't even know why they are choosing particular brands. Advertising is a major industry. Besides employing thousands of people itself, it does (15) ______ demand for products which in turn leads to higher production and more jobs. What is more, it helps (16) ______ newspapers, television channels and even top football clubs. Advertising, though, is expensive, and the cost is finally passed on to the (17) ______. Also, the large salaries it pays attract some of the country's brightest and most creative young people, who could (18) ______ be employed in more productive or socially useful sections. My own view is that the biggest effect of advertising is on the (19) ______ as it creates employment both directly and indirectly. Its influence on what people choose may have been exaggerated (夸张), especially as nowadays more (20) ______ sources of information about products are available online. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Antibiotics have been one of humanity's success stories for hundreds of years. They are responsible both for saving the lives of millions of patients and for helping scientists to take enormous steps in the fields of medical and surgical treatment. But this success has come (21) ______. The growing resistance of many bacteria to the curative effects of antibiotics is such a(n) (22) ______ that it has been referred to, in some quarters, as the greater threat to our continued existence on earth. We have become (23) ______, it is argued, not only in our reliance on the quick fix of medicine if we feel even slightly under the weather, but also in taking the availability of antibiotics for granted, using them (24) ______, not following the prescribed dosage (规定的剂量). This has given rise to a new form of superbacteria, a type which is able to (25) ______ antibiotic treatment with ease. Although their resistance to antibiotics has been built up over a long period of time, bacteria actually reproduce extraordinarily quickly, and any resistance developed is also duplicable (可复制的) as they divide. In addition, those bacteria carrying resistance genes happen to spread those genes further through 'horizontal gene transfer', a process in which one bacterium passes on the resistance gene to another without even needing to be its parent. What makes the spread of these genes more difficult to (26) ______ is that it occurs in a cyclical process. In the case of humans, when a person becomes infected and the resistant bacteria set up home in the digestive system, the (27) ______ has two choices: look for help or stay at home. In seeking medical assistance, whether through an appointment to visit their local doctor, or taking themselves to (28) ______, they contaminate (污染) other patients. The resistant bacteria then spread out into the local community. This is (29) ______ the end result if the infected person decides not to seek any medical assistance at all: they keep the bacteria at home and allow them to breed without (30) ______. That said, there is always something that can be done to (31) ______ any risk, however much of a lost cause it might seem. In 2014, after accumulating data from 114 countries, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a set of guidelines intended to handle the increasing problem of (32) ______. Doctors were advised to avoid prescribing antibiotics as much and as often as possible. Only when treatment is absolutely necessary should they (33) ______ doing so, while the greatest of care should be taken to ensure that the antibiotics they provide are the correct ones to treat the illness. (34) ______, the general public must play their part by only taking antibiotics as prescribed by a doctor. Additionally, they should never share their medication with others or—(35) ______ as it may seem that this would need to be stated—buy drugs online. 21. A. with an aim B. for a reason C. at a price D. in a way 22. A. proof B. picture C. alternative D. concern 23. A. interested B. disappointed C. successful D. careless 24. A. incorrectly B. impatiently C. intelligently D. immediately 25. A. take over B. fight off C. turn out D. put up 26. A. predict B. control C. adjust D. define 27. A. bacterium B. process C. sufferer D. gene 28. A. society B. school C. work D. hospital 29. A. also B. seldom C. instead D. otherwise 30. A. hesitation B. treatment C. doubt D. assistance 31. A. estimate B. minimize C. confirm D. claim 32. A. resistance B. accumulation C. infection D. extension 33. A. give up B. look into C. put off D. turn to 34. A. To date B. On average C. In turn D. By nature 35. A. annoying B. relieving C. astonishing D. refreshing Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Fancy an evening at the theatre but can't face sitting here for hours? Theatre companies will happily stream performances live. Want to see a band but put off by the ticket prices? No worries. Many mainstream bands allow their concerts to be streamed free of charge. Now galleries are getting in on the act too, enabling sofa-bound art lovers to wander around the world's greatest art institutions. But is it really the same as seeing paintings in person? I decided to find out. My first stop is the Uffizi in Florence, where I am immediately deposited in front of Botticelli's fifteenth-century Birth of Venus. In technological terms, it's very impressive. I can see every bump and line in the surface of the paint. If I were there in person, I would need one magnifying glass to view it like this. It occurs to me that Botticelli would never have seen it in such detail and I wonder what he would have thought of us all marvelling at every piece of paint on the internet. Next, I head to the Museo Reina Sofia in Madrid, one of my favourite galleries. I enjoy myself racing past sculptures and going eyeball to eyeball with portraits in a manner that would annoy me if I were actually there. There's a lot to be said for viewing art this way. Admission is free and there aren't any queues. Plus, you won't have to listen to the fellow visitors as they loudly broadcast their knowledge of surrealism. But it's no substitute for the real thing. Billions of pixels (像素) can't accurately transmit the scale or colour or atmosphere of a painting, or convey the sense of wonder you feel when standing in front of it. And only in a gallery do you have the opportunity to shut out the rest of the world, engage with a work and view it in context. My enduring thought, while strolling around the Reina Sofia online, is how much nicer it would be if I were actually in Madrid. Lying on the sofa, with computers, phones and remote controls all within easy reach, is my setting. But when it comes to art appreciation, even a slob like me can recognise the basic requirement to leave the house. It's a bit like watching holidays on TV. Yes, you can cut out the sweat, the aching legs and the mosquitoes. By staying at home, you can take in the finest views. But it's just not the same if you can't feel the sun on your face. 36. What point is the writer making about Birth of Venus in the second paragraph? A. Modern technology reveals the flaws in the painter's technique. B. She enjoyed it more when she actually went to the art gallery. C. We can examine it more closely than the artist himself could. D. The painting lacks interest when seen over the Internet. 37. What, according to the writer, is a disadvantage of going to an art gallery in person? A. There is a risk of being disturbed by people trying to show off. B. It is impossible to concentrate on paintings because of distractions. C. There are often too many paintings of famous people from the past. D. You may be tempted to spend more time seeing the city than the gallery. 38. The pronoun "it" in the first sentence of paragraph 4 refers to ______. A. a knowledge of surrealism B. an online visit to a gallery C. the sense of wonder D. free admission 39. The writer compares online art with holidays on TV to show that ______. A. appreciating art is more relaxing than going on holiday B. art appreciation is less popular than watching TV C. art cannot be fully appreciated from a distance D. to appreciate art it is best to see it in sunny countries （B） "There was a desert wind blowing... it was one of those hot dry Santa Anas that come down through the mountain passes and curl your hair and make your nerves jump..." Raymond Chandler's 1938 short story "Red Wind" captures the "devil winds" of Los Angeles that at times seem to drive people mad. But if you think that's just a lot of hot air, think again. "Human responses to the Santa Anas have been shown to be generally unfavorable," says Dennis Driscoll, a professor at Texas A&M University. "We don't know why. It may have something to do with the electrical charges and an increase in positive ions (离子). At least, that's the theory." What else can the weather do to your mood? Here's a forecast: Cold Snap: Lawrence Palinkas, professor at the University of Southern California, has studied the impact of extremely cold temperatures on Antarctic researchers. "We've noticed an increase in anger after long exposure," he says, although he believes isolation plays a part. "In addition, thyroid hormones (甲状腺激素) are particularly sensitive to changes in temperature. People sometimes exhibit symptoms of depression, short-term memory loss, and anxiety." And last year, some Canadian newspapers started using the term snow rage. "At the end of March 2019, we'd had over 16 feet of snow," says Catherine Viel, with the Quebec City Police. "During that month, we had several incidents, like a man who threatened his neighbor because someone had blown snow onto his lawn." Hot-headed: Heat waves really can make tempers boil. In fact, from 1950 to 1995, rates of serious attacks were higher during hotter years, according to research in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in 1997. The authors suggest that uncomfortably high temperatures increase annoyance-related crimes, in which the primary goal is to hurt someone. (Crimes like burglary, where the incentive is money, did not increase.) They predicted at least 115,000 additional serious and fatal attacks a year in the United States due to global warming. Spring Fever: "We studied about 600 people and found that in springtime, sunny days and warm weather seem to boost mood and have a broadening effect on cognition, basically opening the mind to new ideas," says Matthew Keller, assistant professor at the University of Colorado at Boulder. "You just have to get outside." 40. By "that's the theory", Dennis Driscoll implies ______. A. the explanation he gives hasn't been proved true B. there is no sufficient theory to explain the phenomenon C. the Santa Anas have been the focus of research for some time D. there are many electrical charges and positive ions in the Santa Anas 41. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Those who like getting outside perform better academically. B. Crimes intended for money are more likely to happen in hot days. C. The global warming may be to blame for the increase in fatal attacks. D. Thyroid hormones have nothing to do with symptoms like depression. 42. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Can the Weather Drive You Crazy? B. Can You Be More Open-Minded in the Spring? C. How Can the Weather Affect You Physically? D. How Can You Use the Weather to Lift Your Mood? （C） No spacecraft will ever land on the surface of the sun, but next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to its fires than ever before in a mission that represents a big development not just for scientists but, potentially, for everyone else. NASA plans to launch a probe (航天探测器) that will journey nearly 90 million miles, eventually flying within 3.8 million miles of the sun. The Parker Solar Probe is expected to reach the sun's outer envelope of fiery gases, known as the corona, by November, providing new insights not only into our home star but into all stars—which is no small thing, given that the closest star system is an unreachable four light-years away. That's 24 trillion miles. The sun, just 93 million miles away, is well within our reach. After its launch, the unmanned spacecraft will enter a preliminary solar orbit (初步太阳轨道) and then make seven flybys of Venus, using the planet's gravity to edge closer and closer to the sun. The ship will finally be so close that it will make a single trip around the sun in just 88 days—a quick trip compared with Earth's 365 days. At its peak speeds, the Parker Solar Probe will move fast enough to get from Philadelphia to Washington in a second. While temperatures in the corona can reach 1 million °F, the probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2,500 °F. Still, that's four times as hot as the melting point of lead—a heavy heat load for a spacecraft that will cost $1.5 billion to build, launch and operate. But a 4.5-inch heat shield will allow the probe's camera and scientific instruments to operate at a comfortable room temperature. NASA says the data it collects could provide insight into the physics of stars at large. Our sun may be special to us, but it's rather common in the sweep of space; the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars of its mass and color. Perhaps most important is what the probe may reveal about the cause and nature of solar storms. During solar storms, charged particles (微粒) streaming through the solar system can disable communications satellites and shut down electrical grids over vast areas of the planet. A National Academy of Sciences study revealed that a particularly violent storm could cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the U.S. alone and black out the Eastern seaboard for a year. A better understanding of what causes the storms might enable us to predict them—and protect ourselves in advance. That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASA's great bargains. 43. Why is an understanding of the sun important? A. It enables us to know about similar but inaccessible stars. B. It makes it possible for us to use the planets' gravity in a wise way. C. It helps to reveal the accurate distance between the Earth and the sun. D. It provides insights into why there are living creatures in the solar system. 44. Philadelphia and Washington are mentioned in paragraph 3 in order to ______. A. stress how close the probe might be to the sun B. illustrate the greatest speed at which the probe moves C. inform readers of how fast the probe moves on average D. explain why the probe needs to finish its trip in 88 days 45. What does the writer imply about NASA's mission to the sun in the last two paragraphs? A. It may be well worth its high costs. B. It may stop solar storms from happening. C. It may tell us what solar storms will lead to. D. It may find where charged particles can't arrive. 46. Which of the following statements is true of the probe? A. It is linked to a camera on the earth. B. It will circle the sun at a steady speed. C. It is one of NASA's projects to explore the sun. D. It cannot stand the temperature of over 2,500°F. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. They told wonderful stories about heroes and magic creatures. B. These stories were passed down orally for hundreds of years. C. Today, many of these old folk tales are forgotten. D. However, they changed details to suit their own times. E. Folk tales can teach values without direct lectures. F. So folk tales existed long before printed books appeared. The Magic of Folk Tales Folk tales are traditional stories created by ordinary people. (47) ______ Long before most people could read or write, story-tellers would share tales at gatherings, around fires or during festivals. (48) ______ Only much later were they written down. Every culture has its own folk-tale tradition. Early story-tellers did not stick to one fixed text. (49) ______ The main plots stayed the same, but names, places and small events were adjusted. This is why we can find similar stories in different countries, yet with local differences. Folk-tales served many purposes in old societies. (50) ______ Instead of saying "be brave", a folk-tale would show a character facing frightening difficulties and succeeding. Children learned right and wrong through enjoying exciting adventures. Folk-tales also provided entertainment for grown-ups. Nowadays, films and social media provide most of our entertainment. Folk tales are less popular. Still, they remain a valuable cultural treasure. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Greentech John Doerr is known as a "money man" in Silicon Valley, where he invested in big companies like Amazon and Google. But Doerr is also passionate about saving the planet. He and his business colleagues have spent a lot of time studying "green technology." He has learned that when businesses and individuals make even small changes in the way they use energy, it can have a big impact on the planet. Doerr believes that businesses, individuals, and governments all need to be involved to solve environmental problems, and that it will require innovations. One of the biggest changes everyone can make, Doerr says, is to switch the light bulbs in their houses to energy-efficient bulbs. These light bulbs use three to five times less energy than regular light bulbs, which reduces CO2 emissions, and they last much longer—some can last up to eight years! They are more expensive than regular bulbs, but the energy they save over time makes up for the difference in price. Doerr recommends using more renewable biofuels in our cars and trucks. Very few vehicles in the world run on these special fuels right now. However, some countries are making it easier for drivers to use them. In Brazil, for example, about 40% of vehicles use biofuels, which keeps millions of tons of CO2 out of the air. And researchers are working to develop better biofuels all the time, which will save more energy, keep the air cleaner, and make the planet healthier. Companies can make changes that impact the environment, too. A large chain of stores painted the roofs of about 25% of their buildings white and installed sky lights. As a result, they saved money on lighting and air-conditioning, and reduced the CO2 emissions associated with those energy uses. In order to make decisions that will affect the future in positive ways, we need to know as consumers how much our choices cost. Doerr says. Those costs can be financial, like the price of a light bulb or a liter of fuel, or they can be environmental. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 初春的清晨外出散步，特别惬意。(It) 53. 年迈的父亲每天都在盼望着他能回来。(look forward) 54. 冬季往往是流感肆虐的季节，我们更需要提高警惕，做好必要的预防措施。(when) 55. 尽管多任务处理费时费力，但许多工人说他们经常被要求同时完成许多任务。(waste) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校计划在图书馆内新购一批图书，特向全校师生征集意见。给图书馆写一封邮件，内容须包括：1) 你推荐图书馆新购何书；2) 简要描述该书的内容；3) 你推荐该书的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2025学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科3月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. will involve 2. to complete 3. nobody 4. if 5. easier 6. hidden 7. due to 8. doing 9. was seen 10. where Section B 11. E 12. I 13. K 14. H 15. G 16. J 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C Section B 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. C Section C 47. B 48. F 49. D 50. E III. Summary Writing 51. John Doerr is a businessman and an environmental activist, who, together with his colleagues, calls on businesses, individuals and governments to play their roles in environmental protection. First, people can replace traditional bulbs with efficient bulbs. Second, renewable biofuels are a better choice for cars and trucks. Lastly, companies can do something to save energy use and reduce CO₂ emissions. IV. Translation 52. It is very pleasant to take a walk on an early spring morning. 53. His elderly father is looking forward to his return every day. 54. In winter, when the flu is spreading, we need to be more cautious and take necessary preventive measures. 55. Although multitasking wastes time and energy, many workers say they are often required to work on several tasks at once. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Librarian, I am writing to express my enthusiastic recommendation for the library to purchase a specific book that I believe would profoundly benefit our students. The book I am referring to is Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari. This masterpiece provides a captivating and comprehensive overview of the evolutionary trajectory of humanity. It traces our history from the Cognitive Revolution to the modern Scientific Revolution, exploring how Homo sapiens came to dominate the planet. I recommend this book primarily because it can vastly broaden our cognitive boundaries. It challenges conventional assumptions and encourages readers to view human history and society from an entirely novel perspective, which is highly beneficial for high school students' critical thinking. Furthermore, the author's logical reasoning and engaging narrative style make complex concepts remarkably accessible. It is an intellectually stimulating read that not only imparts knowledge but also ignites a passion for history and anthropology. I sincerely hope you will consider adding it to our collection. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $