上海市闵行区华东理工大学附属闵行科技高级中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月月考英语卷(无答案)

2026学年第一学期高二英语10月考试卷 （时间：120 分值：150 命题人：刘方） I. Listening Comprehension （25分） Section A （10分） Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Work at the store. B. Sell books. C. Go to the beach. D. Go over lessons. 2. A. 9:15. B. 9:20. C. 9:30. D. 9:40. 3. A. Check the man’s eyes. B. Adjust the new glasses. C. Change the old glasses. D. Put on the special spectacles. 4. A. At a train station. B. At a theatre. C. At a hotel. D. On a train. 5. A. Salesman and customer. B. Professor and student C. Nurse and patient. D. Doctor and patient. 6. A. She avoids most of her neighbors. B. She likes to make friends with everyone. C. Most of the neighbors are unfriendly. D. Some neighbors are hard to deal with. 7. A. Her watch is stolen all of sudden. B. She is able to fix her watch. C. Her watch is a few minutes fast. D. Her watch needs checking. 8. A. Teaching English is the biggest business throughout the world. B. Language schools are being established everywhere. C. Many Canadians are fond of teaching English in Canada. D. Language schools are more than other types of schools. 9. A. She can find a person to help him. B. She can give him a helping hand. C. She needs a dictionary now, too. D. She picked up a dictionary somewhere. 10. A. He’s learned a lot from the play. B. He finds the plots hard to follow. C. He can tell the characters from each other. D. He usually has difficulty telling characters. Section B （15分） Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. By depositing layers of material on top of each other. B. By creating a solid object on paper. C. By laying down ink on a 2D material. D. By setting down layers of different ingredients. 12. A. It can make items with a water-absorbent material. B. It can manufacture shape-shifting 3D structures. C. It can print 3D items using different materials. D. It can double 3D items in volume in water. 13. A. Developing numerous new materials. B. Using a water-absorbent material in projects. C. Having a wide range of applications. D. Producing a framework that can fold and stretch. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Harmful substances in the smoke from homes. B. Damp chemical gases from factory chimneys. C. Smoke from homes mixed with dust in the air. D. Mixture of fog, smoke and other waste gases. 15. A. Harmful gases rise and fall between layers of cold and warm air. B. Smoke and chemical gases build up under a layer of warm air. C. Smoke and waste gases remain near the ground as cold air pours in. D. Thick smoke and gases blown by the wind pile up above warm air. 16. A. Temperature inversion. B. Solar radiation. C. Automobile exhausts. D. Foggy weather. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Because she wants to buy some secondhand things. B. Because she thinks it amazing to eat and bargain there. C. Because she decides to buy some big-ticket items. D. Because she is too busy in the daytime on weekends. 18. A. Flea markets are held in the daytime only. B. Flea markets only provide used things. C. Night markets only happen on weekends. D. Only night markets provide good deals. 19. A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 20. A. Trash and treasure go hand in hand. B. One’s trash is similar to his treasure. C. Trash is equal to treasure to a degree. D. Different people have different needs. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A （15分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. Interested in writing, photography or current events? Looking for an experience 21 (inspire) your college essays? Or hoping to explore a world-class city with new friends this summer? 22 so, check out the Boston University Summer Journalism Academy. It’s a program created and run by Boston University, 23 high school students: ●Learn from award-winning, working journalists — including two who 24 (share) Pulitzer Prizes for their reporting. ●Report on actual events around Boston or your hometown. ●Place stories with Boston’s Daily Free Press, one of the top college newspapers. ●Improve their writing, interviewing, and research skills — applicable to any major and card The academy offers two options: 25 on-campus, residential program over three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home program over two weeks for all experience levels. For students 26 (draw) to photography, we offer a special photojournalism track for both. Every option 27 (organize) in three sections: ●Classroom starts each day with a review of journalism fundamentals in a collegiate format. A university-level journalism textbook provides daily readings and writing assignments. ●Newsroom provides time for students to apply 28 they learn in the classroom to hands-on journalism assignments. Over the rest of their day, students conduct interviews and gather information. ●Guest Talks offer students advice and insight 29 journalism experts in topics such as radio reporting and journalism learning in college. Sessions feature a Guest Talk during each three-week session. Students also visit city newsrooms to hear from famous reporters. Applications for the on-campus session from June 24 to July 12 are due: April 19. Applications for learn-at-home sessions 30 (start) from June 17, July 1, and July 15 are due: May 10. Section B （15分） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. fuel B. escape C. equivalents D. patterns E. wrestle F. contain G. promoting H. games I. rank J. forcing K. addressing California’s Growing Wildfire Crisis California’s wildfires have been fueled by increasingly dangerous conditions over the past two decades, creating a growing crisis. The recent Mountain Fire in Ventura County highlights this alarming trend. Over 10,000 residents were forced to 31 their homes as the fire quickly spread, injuring at least 10 people and leaving dozens of houses in ashes. In just two days, the blaze consumed over 20,000 acres, 32 Governor Gavin Newsom to declare a state of emergency. Experts point to a destructive “environmental recipe.” Before the fire, forecasters issued a rare Red Flag warning, cautioning that dry winds and low humidity could turn into 33 for fast-spreading wildfires. When the Mountain Fire erupted, strong Santa Ana winds carried embers (灰烬) far and wide, while vegetation from two unusually wet winters acted as ready 34 . As a result, the fire could escalate rapidly, leaving firefighters struggling to 35 it. Climate change has further shifted the landscape. Rising temperatures and prolonged droughts have made vegetation drier and more ignitable. At the same time, wetter winters have encouraged plant growth that later dries out, becoming kindling for fires. Fall and winter blazes, unlike their summer 36 , are driven by intense winds and lower humidity, making them harder to control. Many historical 37 show the severity of this trend. The Woolsey Fire in 2018 and the Thomas Fire in 2017, both occurring in winter, 38 among California’s most destructive. Additionally, more than half of the state’s largest fires have been recorded in the last decade, underscoring the role of climate change. As California continues to 39 with worsening wildfires, the stakes grow higher. Without 40 these environmental shifts, the battle against fire will become an even more difficult game of survival. III. Reading Comprehension Section A （15分） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. If you are a perfectionist, you are probably familiar with the feeling of wanting to get everything just right. You may struggle with handing in papers, agonize (苦苦思索) over projects at work, and even worry about small errors from the past. High 41 are one thing, but perfectionism is quite another. And as some researchers have discovered, 42 perfection can have serious consequences to mental and physical well-being. Since perfectionism is 43 with negative outcomes, what can someone with perfectionist tendencies do to change their behavior? Although people are sometimes 44 to give up their perfectionist tendencies, psychologists point out that giving up on perfection doesn’t mean being unsuccessful. 45 , mistakes are an important part of learning and growing. 46 , imperfection can actually help us in the long run. One possible 47 to perfectionism involves developing what psychologists call a growth mindset (思维方式). Researchers at Stanford University have found that cultivating a growth mindset is a key way to help us learn from our failures. Unlike those with 48 mindsets — who see their skill levels as inborn and unchangeable, those with growth mindsets believe they can improve their abilities by learning from their mistakes. Psychologists point out that parents can play a 49 role in helping their children develop healthier attitudes towards failure: they can praise their children for making an effort even if their results are imperfect and help children learn to 50 when they make mistakes. Another 51 option for perfectionism is to cultivate self-compassion (自我同情). To understand self-compassion, thank about how you would 52 a close friend if they made a mistake. Chances are that you’d probably make responses with kindness and understanding, knowing that your friend meant well. The idea behind self-compassion is that we should treat ourselves 53 when we make mistakes, remind ourselves that mistakes are part of being human, and avoid being 54 by negative emotions. Self-compassion can be beneficial for mental health, but perfectionists tend not to treat themselves in compassionate ways. If you’re interested in trying to foster more self-compassion the researcher who developed the concept of self-compassion has a short exercise you can try. Psychologists have also suggested that cognitive(认知的)behavioral therapy can be a way to help people change their beliefs about perfectionism. Although perfectionism is linked to lower mental health, the good news is that perfectionism is something you can change. By working to see mistakes as learning 55 , and replacing self-criticism with self-compassion, it’s possible to overcome perfectionism and develop a healthier way of setting goals for yourself. 41. A. risks B. values C. profits D. standards 42. A. identifying B. mirroring C. concealing D. pursuing 43. A. hardened B. associated C. compared D. replaced 44. A. hesitant B. courageous C. desperate D. bound 45. A. for instance B. By contrast C. In fact D. On average 46. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Furthermore D. Instead 47. A. obstacle B. alternative C. attitude D. equivalent 48. A. various B. fixed C. positive D. keen 49. A. casual B. creative C. crucial D. changeable 50. A. perseverance B. scheme C. negotiate D. survive 51. A. potential B. conditional C. unique D. sustainable 52. A. compete with B. run after C. respond to D. argue with 53. A. favorably B. kindly C. accordingly D. differently 54. A. promoted B. inspired C. monitored D. consumed 55. A. skills B. outcomes C. levels D. opportunities Section B （22分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) To us, the kitchen was a mysterious place. Our kitchen at home was so simple: an old Sparks oven, a refrigerator, a sink, and a table. At the New Eastern, it was a busy factory. Almost an entire wall was taken up by a line of huge black woks (锅). This was my father’s stage. He strode (大步走) the length of the four woks, each one fired up by gas flames underneath. Beneath him, blocks of wood, raised off the ground an inch or two, served to give his legs and feet some spring. The sink was the size of a bathtub (浴缸); the refrigerator had glass doors and stretched three times as wide as the one at home. Every appliance was bigger, and there were things we never saw anywhere else, like the big metal oven in which my father hung long poles holding large pieces of pork. We could hear the fire roaming from the bottom of it. My dad would go about his business, and then, always at exactly the right time, he’d wander over, lift off the top, and take out several poles of barbecue pork—bright red, with black at the tips. If I happened by at that magical moment, I’d stop. “Yeet-gow!” I’d say. And he’d skillfully chop off a piece of the juicy, sweet meat. “One dollar!” he’d shout, and then hand it over. My father made the best food in town. There was nothing he wouldn’t try. He was once proud of a rock candy he invented and determined to sell at the front counter of the New Eastern. We, of course, served as his guinea pigs—we couldn’t bring ourselves to tell him the sad truth: The candy was so hard that it was uneatable. I rolled a piece around my mouth. “Tastes good, Ba-Ba,” I said. Then, when he looked away, I spat it out. Sometimes, he liked to invent stories to us. Watching my little sister Shirley biting on an apple, he’d lean over. “Don’t eat the seed,” he said, “or an apple tree will grow inside you.” “What?” “Yes. Right inside your stomach, an apple tree!” 56. It can be learned from paragraph 1 and 2 that ______. A. the author’s father can repair springs B. the author enjoys observing in the kitchen C. the author helps to cook difficult dishes D. the author’s family lives in a busy factory 57. How does the author develop the idea that “the kitchen is a mysterious place”? A. By describing how his father manages various tasks in the kitchen. B. By classifying the kitchen appliances into different categories. C. By contrasting the restaurant kitchen with the kitchen at home. D. By explaining why large pieces of pork were placed in the oven. 58. The author mentions the incident of a rock candy in paragraph 3 _______ A. to highlight how he disliked the food his father made B. to illustrate why they often kept secrets from his father C. to emphasize the troubled relationship with his father D. to show the family's support for his father's experiments 59. Which of the following words can best describe the author’s father? A. dynamic and playful B. strict and innovative C. talented and greedy D. hardworking and outdated (B) √Social engineering refers to the practice of using non-technical methods to trick people into doing something that gives away sensitive information. Here, watch this case... THE ATTACK THE SETUP: Marketing Director, Marcus, receives a call from a super friendly voice ….. ① “Hi Marcus, it’s Sandra from your bank. I’m sure you’ve heard about those recent Internet attacks. We’re making sure none of our customers were affected. I just need you to head to a website that will confirm the integrity of your account. Here’s the URL.” 40% of all breaches (破坏) involve the use of malware ② THE TRICK: Marcus has heard about the attacks, so he goes to the site and puts in his info. Sandra didn’t ask him for his password, so he thinks he's safe. ③ THE BREACH: Malware, or malicious software, infects the corporate network and begins to steal data: •Customer data •Intellectual property •Financial records THE DEFENSE ② NOTIFICATION: Security Analyst, Ray, gets a notification and report via email. ②PATTERN DETECTION: Ray uses additional security analytics and visualization to identify an attack pattern and search for similar activity on the network: ③CORRECTIVE MEASURE: In seconds, he identifies the threat and takes action: ④ ? : Natalie, Chief Information Officer, reviews the event and, pleased with Ray's response, adds network behaviour analysis to their response procedure. She also launches an employee training program in the hope of reducing major security risks and increasing employees' security awareness. 60. It can be learned from “THE ATTACK” that ______ A. Sandra asks Marcus for his password. B. Marcus steals the key corporate data. C. The attacker gains Marcus's trust first. D. Sandra is a senior director of the bank. 61. Which of the following best fits the “?”in step ④ of “THE DEFENSE”? A. LESSON B. HEALTH C. PROGRAM D. FINANCE 62. Which of the following is covered in the case? A. What loss the company has suffered B. How Marcus regretted receiving the call C. What Natalie has found about the domain D. How effectively Ray responded to the attack (C) In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution, the world's population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world's pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. But whereas the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises Low proportion of workers to pensioners are only one problem resulting from collapsing fertility. Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity. Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters—and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. A productive Al economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually Al may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human intelligence. Combined with robotics, AI may also make caring for the elderly less labour-intensive. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand. If technology does allow humanity to overcome the baby bust, it will fit the historical pattern Unexpected productivity advances meant that demographic time-bombs (人口定时炸弹) failed to explode. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a problem human genius can fix. 63. What can be learned from the first paragraph? A. The collapsing fertility rate is to blame for the shrinking population. B. Black Death marked the shrinking number of people for the first time. C. Industrial Revolution weakened the increase of the world’s population. D. The public are familiar with the extent and the influence of the baby bust. 64. What makes it harder to support the world’s pensioners? A. Close relatives have refused to take care of the old without being paid. B. The output of the working-aged which the old can draw on is shrinking. C. The old have cashed in savings to cover expenses of goods and services. D. The government has requested taxes on younger employees to pay pensions. 65. Why does “fluid intelligence” (in Paragraph 3) suffer in ageing societies? A. Because older workers boast more accumulated knowledge. B. Because the old benefit less than the young in creative destruction. C. Because collapsing fertility results in low proportion of workers to pensioners. D. Because restricting productivity growth compounds into a missed opportunity. 66. The best title for the passage is probably ______. A. The Old Pensioners Make a Comeback B. Artificial Intelligence Leads to a Bright Future C. The Measures to Overcome the Baby Bust D. The Effect of the Baby Bust on Economy Section C （8分） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Other kinds of studies have given higher estimates for the environmental contribution to years of schooling. B. Scientists sometimes investigate the question by comparing different kinds of twins. C. Then, Morris analyzed the same data using a method that also included the parents’ years of education. D. These studies usually overlook two factors, however, leading to falsely high estimates of environmental effects. E. This is the conclusion of a study on twins, which suggests that most previous such research has overestimated the effects of upbringing F. Twins are more likely to have grown up in the same financial circumstances, gone to the same school and so on. How Genes Affect Education It has long been debated whether various aspects of our personalities and abilities are influenced more by our genes or our early environment. 67 The extent to which identical twins are more similar in any particular character than non-identical twins reveals how much variation in that character is down to genetics. The rest is usually assumed to be due to the environment. Studies show that many traits are not influenced much by the environment. However, educational attainment—how many years someone spends in school—is often found to be about 35% influenced by the environment. 68 Damien Morris at King’s College London believes the biggest overlooked factor is that people tend to have children with someone with a similar level of education as themselves, an idea known as assortative mating. Morris studied whether people with similar education levels tend to marry by using a recent German twin study. This study collected data not only on the twins but also on their parents and siblings (兄弟姐妹) from nearly 1,000 families. After analyzing this data using the traditional twin study design, environmental differences between families were estimated to account for 43 per cent of the variation in years of schooling. 69 Sure enough, there was more similarity between the educational years of each parental pair than would be expected by chance. Taking this into account, the environmental contribution was estimated to be just 26 per cent. Morris also analyzed the impact of a second factor usually overlooked in twin studies. This is the fact that the early environments of twins are more similar than those of non-twin siblings. 70 When this was taken into account as well, the estimated environmental influence fell to 10 per cent. “This is a very interesting finding,” says Jeremy Freese at Stanford University. “It is unimaginable to me to think that everything that goes on with parents is only a bit player in the story.” III. Summary Writing （10分） 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Crown (树冠) Shyness Do you love forest bathing or taking walks in the forests? Then once in a while, you’ve witnessed a somewhat appealing phenomenon in which tree crowns in the forest seem to deliberately keep to themselves and avoid touching each other. Strange as this may seem, it is, in fact, a natural phenomenon and has a name: crown shyness. There are many theories behind this fascinating phenomenon, but the most convincing one relates to competition and defense. To grow better, trees depend on vital elements such as sunlight, water, and soil nutrients. By maintaining gaps between their crowns, they can maximize their intake of these necessities, ensuring healthy growth and a balanced ecosystem. Additionally, crown shyness acts as a protective barrier against insects and diseases. The physical separation between tree tops reduces the spread of harmful organisms and lowers the risk of widespread infection that could threaten large areas of the forest. This phenomenon, however, is not uniform across all trees. The extent and intensity of crown shyness can vary, with some gaps small and other separations obvious. Some people might think this natural phenomenon is merely a random occurrence with no real purpose, but this is not the case. Crown shyness allows each tree to access enough sunlight by preventing the overlap of branches. It ensures that sunlight can reach the lower branches and leaves, promoting their growth and enabling efficient energy production. Moreover, crown shyness aids in the efficient distribution of rainfall. When rain falls through the tree tops, the gaps between tree crowns act as channels, guiding water to the forest floor. It also plays a role in reducing wind resistance. The gaps between tree crowns create pathways for wind to pass through the forest, reducing potential damage caused by strong winds. _________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 只要努力你学过的知识总能记住的。（learn–by heart）3' 73. 不知怎么，越来越多的学生愿意花时间和精力在英语学习上了。（devote）3' 74. 野生动物在保护生态环境方面起重要作用，要保护他们免受灭绝的威胁。（role）4' 75.真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么, 而在于我们是否具备服务社会的意识和能力。(consist) 5' VI. Guided writing （25分） Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生，校园公告正在招募志愿者，有三个服务领域可供选择：社区环 保志愿活动，敬老院慰问活动和校园赛事志愿活动。任选其写一篇150字左右的短文报名，内容包括：选择的活动及理由，具体安排和预期效果。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $