Unit 4 Section A Grammar focus (3a-3c) 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Section A (Grammar Focus) 3a—3c Amazing Plants and Animals Unit 4 Learning objectives At the end of this class, you will be able to: 1. use superlatives to compare more than two things; 2. know the form of superlatives; 3. summarize the sentence structures of superlatives. Review In Section A, we learned many amazing plants and animals. Can you describe them? the largest animal the heaviest animal the tallest tree the fastest one of the oldest plants one of the most popular subjects one of the fastest-growing plants one of the most useful plants Presentation The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? 3a 最高级 the superlative 861b240d-cd4e-4b4b-87c2-161e8c2fa4ea.source.default.zh-Hans 4 When you use superlative? What’s the form of superlative? How to use superlative? Think 形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，表示其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，意为“最……”。后面可用带有 of、in、among 的短语等来说明比较的范围。 一、定义 Let’s learn. (1) The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. (2) The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. (3) This park is the most beautiful of the three. 二、形容词和副词最高级的构成 最高级的变化规则 例词 单音节词和部 分双音节词 /ə/ 一般在词尾加-est tall→tallest fast→fastest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-st large → largest nice → nicest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加-est lazy → laziest early → earliest 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-est big → biggest fat → fattest Let’s learn. 最高级的变化规则 例词 在词前加most outgoing→ most outgoing forgetful→ most forgetful many/much →most little →least good/well →best bad/badly/ill →worst far →farthest/furthest old →oldest/eldest 多音节词和部分双音节词 特殊记忆 _____________ __________ 18.friendly 19.beautifully 写出下面单词的比较级形式。 1.nice ______ 2.fat ______ 3.slow ______ 4.dry ______ 5.happy ______ 6.wet ______ 7.much ______ 8. ill ______ 9.little ______ 10.bad ______ 11. thin ______ 12.far ______ 13.early ______ 14. easy ______ 15.few ______ 16.exciting______________ 17.careful ______________ nicest fattest slowest driest happiest wettest most worst least worst thinnest farthest/furthest earliest fewest easiest most exciting most careful friendliest/ most friendly most beautifully Exercise 基本用法 (1)主语+ be 动词+the+形容词最高级+ in/of/among 范围. 主语 +实义动词+( the) 副词最高级+ in/of/among 范围. 意为“……是……中最……的” 三、最高级常用句型结构 Let’s learn. Jack is the tallest boy in our class. 杰克是我们班男生里个子最高的。 Tom runs (the) fastest of all the students. 汤姆是所有学生中跑得最快的。 in + 范围 形容词和副词的最高级的范围 表示 “在……范围内”，后接大范围（如地点、组织、时间阶段等）。 of + 具体成员/同类事物 表示 “在……中”，后接具体的人或事物（复数名词 / 集合名词），强调从同类中选出 “最……”的个体。 among + 同类群体 强调 “在…… 群体中”，后接复数名词或代词，可与 of 互换，但 among 更侧重 “在多者之间” 的分布感。 Which/Who+be 动词+the+形容词最高级, A ，B or C? Which/Who+实义动词+(the) 副词最高级, A ，B or C? 意为“哪一个/谁最……，A ，B还是 C？” Which boy is the most outgoing, Tom , John or Jim? Who dances best, Kate , Amy or Jane? (2) 表示三者之间的选择 特殊用法 意为“……是……中最……的之一” (3) 主语+ be+ one of + the + adj.最高级 +名词复数+in/of范围. The moss is one of the oldest plants on earth. The bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. (4)主语+be + the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of/among短语 意为“……是……的第几……” 特殊用法 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。 主语+ be 动词+形容词比较级+ than +anyone/anything else. 主语 +实义动词+副词比较级+ than +anyone/anything else. 意为“……比其他任何人/物都……” Lily is funnier than anyone else I know. He runs faster than anyone else in our class. 特殊用法 (5)比较级表达最高级用法1 主语+ be 动词+形容词比较级+ than any other +n.单数. 主语 +实义动词+副词比较级+ than any other +n. 单数. 意为“……比任何另一个都……” He is taller than any other student in our class. He runs faster than any other student in our class. 特殊用法 (5)比较级表达最高级用法2 主语+ be 动词+形容词比较级+ than the other +n.复数. 主语 +实义动词+副词比较级+ than the other +n. 复数. 意为“……比所有其余的都……” He is taller than the other students in our class. He runs faster than the other students in our class. 特殊用法 (5)比较级表达最高级用法3 注意 形容词的最高级前通常要加定冠词the，但如果形容词最高级前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等修饰时，则不加the。 This is my worst performance. She is Lucy’s best friend. 副词的最高级前面可以加the，也可以省略the。 1. Xi’an is one of __________________(beautiful) cities in China. 2. Who gets up _____________(early) of you all in the dormitory, Tony? 3. Chen jumped _____________________(far) of all and got the first place at last. 4. Who is ____________________(popular) singer, John, Andy or Iris? 5. The second __________(tall) boy in our school is my best friend. 用所给形容词或副词的适当形式填空。 the most beautiful (the) farthest/furthest the most popular tallest  (the) earliest Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are __________(cute) animals in the world. Which do you think is _________________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower? Look at that butterfly! It has __________________ (colourful) wings. Which animal jumps ___________ (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog? The elephant birds were _________ (large) and _______ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg. Practice Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets. 3b the cutest the most beautiful the most colourful (the) highest the largest heaviest 861b240d-cd4e-4b4b-87c2-161e8c2fa4ea.source.default.zh-Hans 20 Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box. 3c ancient beautiful common good popular The ginkgo tree is one of ________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ________________. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is _________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of _______________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of _______________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. the most ancient the most beautiful the best the most common the most popular Ginkgo trees first appeared . It is one of ________________ living trees on earth. People think the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ________________. It is one of________________trees in streets, parks and gardens across China. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of _______________. People believe the bright yellow leaves can _______________. the most ancient the most beautiful the most common hope and long life bring joy to their heart over 200 million years ago. What’s amazing about the ginkgo tree? friendly sing well hard-working popular thin talented smart funny A: Who sings (the) best in our class? A: Who is the thinnest in our class? B: I think … Let’s share Let’s play a game! New words land; African; rose; peony; lotus; butterfly; wing; frog; weigh; kg; ginkgo; province; take a walk the superlatives Grammar (1) 形容词和副词一般具有最高级结构 (2) 最高级的构成：①单音节、双音节、多音节；②规则变化和不规则变化 (3) 最高级的范围：①in+范围；②of+具体成员/同类事物；③among + 同类群体； (4) one of 结构 (5) 比较级表达最高级 Summary . 1. The hotel is very old. It's one of _______ buildings in the city. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest 2. Zhao Chen ran ________ of all the students at the sports meeting. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. less fast 3. - In this accident lots of girls were badly hurt. - Yes. And the girl called Fiona was hurt ______ among them. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badly Ⅰ. 单项选择。 Exercise II. 根据提示完成句子。 1. Monday was bad. Tuesday was _______ than Monday. Today is the _______ day ever! (bad) 2. These trees are the ________ (old) of all. 3. Lisa is my _______ (最好的) friend. We stay together all the time. 4. Lucy read ________________ (clearly) among the ten students. 5. Jack is ___________ (tall) among the basketball players. 6. It is one of ____________ (great) roles she has played. 7. The Yellow River is the second _________ (long) river 　　　　　 in China. 8. Who jumps ____________ (high), Amy, Linda or Helen? oldest best (the) most clearly the tallest the greatest longest (the) highest worse worst Ⅲ. 根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子。每空一词。 1. 保罗是他们班上最努力的学生。 Paul is ________ ________ _____________ student in his class. 2. 这个红色手提包是店里最便宜的，所以我买了它。 The red handbag was ________ ________ in the shop, so I bought it. 3. 阳光电影院是市里最受欢迎的电影院之一。 Sunshine Cinema is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ cinemas in the city. the most hard-working the cheapest one of the most popular 4. 尼斯湖大概是苏格兰最有名的湖。 Loch Ness is probably _______ _______ _______ lake in Scotland. 5. 长江、尼罗河和亚马孙河，哪一个最长？ Which is _______ ________, the Yangtze River, the Nile or the Amazon River? 6. 他们打算去参观洞庭湖——中国的第二大湖。 They are going to visit the Dongting Lake, 　________ ________ ________ fresh water lake in China. the most famous the longest the second largest Thank you! $