专题05 语法填空（学考真题汇编，浙江专用）2027年高中英语

专题05 语法填空 （一） 【答案】1. to finish 2. in 3. numbers 4. watching 5. excitement 6. that/which 7. being pushed 8. the 9. and 10. seemingly （二） 【答案】1. to benefit 2. or 3. that/which 4. what 5. criticism 6. be offered 7. have started 8. designed 9. the 10. ones （三） 【答案】1. and 2. originally 3. surrounded 4. were permitted 5. featured 6. spacious 7. simpler 8. as 9. events 10. the （四） 【答案】1. who/that 2. is viewed/has been viewed 3. are 4. changing 5. roughly 6. have promised 7. whether/if 8. the 9. invitation 10. to continue （五） 【答案】1. a 2. times 3. on 4. and 5. to rent 6. solution 7. is 8. which 9. people’s 10. returning / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 语法填空 （一） （2026年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 1 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 2 her arms, counting down the flashing green 3 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 4 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 5 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream 6 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 7 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 8 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 9 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 10 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 【答案】1. to finish 2. in 3. numbers 4. watching 5. excitement 6. that##which 7. being pushed 8. the 9. and 10. seemingly 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与母亲一起度过的快乐时光，以及母亲如何将平凡的日常活动变得充满乐趣。 (1)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 (2)题解析： 考查介词。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one’s arms表示“在某人的怀里”。故填in。 (3)题解析： 考查名词复数。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。number“数字”是可数名词，此处指多个数字，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填numbers。 (4)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：她带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，就像它是一艘太空火箭的倒计时，兴奋和紧张一直持续到最后一刻：哔！本句已有谓语动词would dance，此处为独立主格结构，our eyes与watch之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填 watching。 (5)题解析： 考查名词。句意：她会带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，仿佛那是火箭发射的倒计时，兴奋和紧张的情绪在最后一刻不断累积：叮！本空与后面的tension为并列关系，共同作主语，需用excite的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。 (6)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 (8)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：我记得坐在在超市的手推车里被推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面就像坐过山车一样。此处特指凹凸不平的停车场地面，应用定冠词the。故填the。 (9)题解析： 考查连词。句意：她会加速，风吹着我们的头发向后飘，而我小小的声音喊着：“呜呜呜！”本空连接两个并列的独立主格结构the wind blowing our hair back和my tiny voice singing out为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 (10)题解析： 考查副词。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平淡无奇的时刻，但我们可以把其中任何一个变成庆祝。此处修饰形容词uneventful，应用副词seemingly“看似”，作状语。故填seemingly。 （二） （2024年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 1 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 2 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 3 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 4 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 5 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 6 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 7 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份) . Then, when you use one section, 9 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 10 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【答案】1. to benefit 2. or 3. that##which 4. what 5. criticism 6. be offered 7. have started 8. designed 9. the 10. ones 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了超市促销所推行的家庭装或多次购买策略不再受欢迎，相反散装或小包装商品更受顾客青睐。 (1)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，如果你正在为一个人购物，那么额外购买以从降价中受益是没有意义的。主句已有谓语动词doesn’t make，设空处在句中作非谓语。根据设空前的buying extra和设空后的from price reductions可知，此处指多买一些以便从降价中获益，所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 (2)题解析： 考查连词。句意：要么你买的东西太重，无法带回家，要么你买的东西在还新鲜的时候就用不了了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 (3)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构，它们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。设空处引导定语从句。先行词为way，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 (4)题解析： 考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户愿意购买更多数量的商品，这就是他们会推广的。设空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指事物，所以应用连接代词what连接，意为“什么，……的事物”。故填what。 (5)题解析： 考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这些活动会导致浪费。根据设空前的because of the可知，设空处应用所给词的名词形式作宾语。设空后的that引导同位语从句，说明设空处名词的具体内容。criticism意为“批评”，为不可数名词，符合题意。故填criticism。 (6)题解析： 考查动词的语态。句意：然而，尽管从一包香肠中减下几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以较小的包装提供这些香肠，那将更有帮助。从句主语they指代前文中的sausages，与offer构成被动关系。且设空前有情态动词could，这里应用be done的形式。故填be offered。 (7)题解析： 考查动词的时态。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉，包装设计为两半，每一半包含单独的一份。根据句中时间状语Over the last two years可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语与start之间是主动关系，应用主动语态，且主语为复数名词supermarkets，谓语应用原形形式。故填have started。 (8)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。本句的谓语是have started，所以空处应用非谓语动词。design和逻辑主语packs之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 (9)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用一部分时，另一部分会保持新鲜。根据上文中的two halves可知，这里指两半中的另一部分，the other意为“(两者中)另一个”，为固定搭配，故填the。 (10)题解析： 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更具前瞻性的超市可能还会推出一系列“只适合你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“(某类中的)一个”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 （三） （2023年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 1 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 2 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 3 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 4 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 6 (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 8 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 10 culture of grassroots Beijingers. 【答案】1. and 2. originally 3. surrounded 4. were permitted 5. featured 6. spacious 7. simpler 8. as 9. events 10. the 【解析】【原文】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。 (1)题解析： 考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。 (2)题解析： 考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 (3)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 (4)题解析： 考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 (5)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 (6)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 (7)题解析： 考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 (8)题解析： 考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。 (9)题解析： 考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。 (10)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 【点睛】 （四） （2022年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 1 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like — frequently by plane — 2 (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 3 (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 4 (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 5 (rough) 200 academics — many of them climate scientists — 6 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 7 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 8 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 9 (invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 10 (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding.", she says, "a really positive change." 【答案】1. who##that 2. is viewed##has been viewed 3. are 4. changing 5. roughly 6. have promised 7. whether##if 8. the 9. invitation 10. to continue 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。 (1)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 (2)题解析： 考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。 (3)题解析： 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。 (4)题解析： 考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。 (5)题解析： 考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 (6)题解析： 考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 (7)题解析： 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 (8)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。 (9)题解析： 考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。 (10)题解析： 考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 【点睛】 （五） （2025年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 1 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 2 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 3 the fact that they have something unique to wear 4 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 5 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 6 (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 7 (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 8 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for 9 (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 10 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【答案】1. a 2. times 3. on 4. and 5. to rent 6. solution 7. is 8. which 9. people’s 10. returning 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装租赁服务在澳大利亚兴起的现象。 (1)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”，泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 (2)题解析： 考查名词。句意：由于人们现在选择少穿的衣服更多了，服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time表示“次数”时是可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。 (3)题解析： 考查介词。句意：如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实，而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当，也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。focus on是固定短语，意为“关注，聚焦于”。故填on。 (4)题解析： 考查连词。句意：如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实，而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当，也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系，have和are是谓语动词，应用连词and连接。故填and。 (5)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。 (6)题解析： 考查名词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。 (7)题解析： 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装——但对于女性购物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The concept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。 (8)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装，而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服，她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供给旅行者，比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人，并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词less formal clothing，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 (9)题解析： 考查名词所有格。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives，需用名词所有格people’s，作定语。故填people’s。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意，表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配mean doing sth.，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 语法填空 （一） （2026年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 1 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 2 her arms, counting down the flashing green 3 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 4 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 5 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream 6 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 7 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 8 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 9 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 10 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. （二） （2024年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 1 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 2 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 3 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 4 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 5 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 6 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 7 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份) . Then, when you use one section, 9 other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 10 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. （三） （2023年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 1 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 2 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 3 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 4 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 6 (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 8 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 10 culture of grassroots Beijingers. （四） （2022年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 1 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like — frequently by plane — 2 (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 3 (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 4 (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 5 (rough) 200 academics — many of them climate scientists — 6 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 7 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 8 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 9 (invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 10 (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding.", she says, "a really positive change." （五） （2025年1月·浙江·高考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 1 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 2 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 3 the fact that they have something unique to wear 4 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 5 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 6 (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 7 (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 8 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for 9 (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 10 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $