内容正文:
冀教版五年级上册英语 Unit 4 Countries 知识清单
(国家与城市 · 首都与语言 · 国旗 · 方位介词 in / next to)
一、本单元单词
1. 国家与大洲
英文
中文意思
country
国家
world
世界
map
地图
China
中国
Asia
亚洲
Canada
加拿大
North America
北美洲
the US
美国
the UK
英国
Europe
欧洲
Australia
澳大利亚
2. 首都、语言与国旗
英文
中文意思
capital
首都
capital city
首都城市
language
语言
speak
说(某种语言)
Chinese
汉语;中国人
English
英语
French
法语
flag
国旗
star
星星
red
红色
yellow
黄色
white
白色
blue
蓝色
3. 其他核心单词
英文
中文意思
shape
形状
rooster
公鸡
mountain
山
river
河流
desert
沙漠
forest
森林
grassland
草原
famous
著名的
place
地方
landscape
风景
travel
旅行
around
环绕;周围
sky
天空
fly
飞
cloud
云
border
边界
next to
紧邻;在……旁边
over
在……上方
二、本单元短语
英文短语
中文意思
a map of the world
一张世界地图
find your country on the map
在地图上找到你的国家
be from
来自
It's in Asia. / in Europe. / in North America.
它在亚洲/欧洲/北美洲。
the shape of China
中国的形状
look like a rooster
看起来像一只公鸡
the capital city of China
中国的首都
speak Chinese / English / French
说汉语/英语/法语
the flag of China
中国国旗
five yellow stars
五颗黄色星星
next to Canada
紧邻加拿大
on the border between Canada and the US
在加拿大和美国的边境上
travel around the world
环游世界
fly to the sky over ...
飞到……上空
Yellowstone National Park
黄石国家公园
Niagara Falls
尼亚加拉大瀑布
Bondi Beach
邦迪海滩
the Changjiang River
长江
many famous places
许多著名的地方
East or west, Guilin landscape is best.
桂林山水甲天下。
Welcome to China!
欢迎来到中国!
三、核心句型
1. 询问国家位置
Where is your country? 你的国家在哪里?
China is my country. It's in Asia. 中国是我的国家,它在亚洲。
Canada is my country. It's in North America. 加拿大是我的国家,它在北美洲。
I'm from the UK. It's in Europe. 我来自英国,它在欧洲。
The US is next to Canada. 美国紧邻加拿大。
2. 询问来自哪里
Where are you from? 你来自哪里?
I'm from China. / I'm from the US. / I'm from Canada.
3. 询问首都
What's the capital city of your country? 你们国家的首都是哪里?
Beijing is the capital city of China. 北京是中国的首都。
Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. 渥太华是加拿大的首都。
Washington, D.C. is the capital city of the US. 华盛顿特区是美国的首都。
London is the capital city of the UK. 伦敦是英国的首都。
4. 询问语言
What language do people speak in China? 中国人说什么语言?
In China, we speak Chinese. 在中国,我们说汉语。
In Canada, people speak English and French. 在加拿大,人们说英语和法语。
People speak English in the US. 美国人说英语。
5. 询问国旗
What does your country's flag look like? 你们国家的国旗是什么样的?
The flag of China is red. It has five yellow stars. 中国国旗是红色的,上面有五颗黄星。
It's red, white and blue. 它是红、白、蓝三色。
6. 描述国家形状与特色
The shape of China on the map looks like a rooster. 中国在地图上的形状像一只公鸡。
There are many mountains, rivers, deserts, forests and grasslands in China. 中国有许多高山、河流、沙漠、森林和草原。
You can see many famous places. 你可以看到许多著名的地方。
四、语法小结
语法一:方位介词 in / next to / on
【in】表示在某范围之内,后接大洲、国家、城市。
China is in Asia. 中国在亚洲。
The UK is in Europe. 英国在欧洲。
It's in the US. 它在美国。
【next to】表示紧邻、在……旁边。
The US is next to Canada. 美国紧邻加拿大。
【on the border between A and B】表示在 A 和 B 两国的边境上。
Niagara Falls is on the border between Canada and the US. 尼亚加拉瀑布在加拿大和美国的边境上。
语法二:What 引导的特殊疑问句
问句
回答
中文
What's the capital city of China?
Beijing is the capital city.
中国的首都是哪里?
What language do people speak?
People speak English.
人们说什么语言?
What does the flag look like?
It's red. It has five yellow stars.
国旗是什么样的?
语法三:speak + 语言(说某种语言)
【结构】speak + 语言名称,表示说某种语言。
We speak Chinese. 我们说汉语。
People speak English and French in Canada. 加拿大人说英语和法语。
【注意】说语言用 speak,不用 say;say 后面接说的具体内容。
语法四:There be 句型(某地有某物)
【结构】There is + 不可数名词/单数 / There are + 复数名词 + 地点。
There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。
There are many mountains in China. 中国有许多高山。
There are five yellow stars on the flag. 国旗上有五颗黄星。
语法五:look like 看起来像
【结构】主语 + look(s) like + 名词/句子。
The shape of China looks like a rooster. 中国的形状像一只公鸡。
The cloud looks like a sheep. 那朵云看起来像一只绵羊。
五、易混点辨析
1. 国家名前要不要加 the
❌ I'm from the China. (错)
✅ I'm from China. (对)
解析:China, Canada 等单个国家名前不加 the;但 the US, the UK 是固定说法,必须加 the。
✅ I'm from the US. / I'm from the UK.
2. speak vs say
❌ We say Chinese. (错)
✅ We speak Chinese. (对)
解析:speak 后接语言;say 后接说的具体内容,如 He says, "Hello."
3. What's the capital city of ...? 不要漏 of
❌ What's the capital city China? (错)
✅ What's the capital city of China? (对)
解析:「……的首都」要用 the capital city of + 国家名。
4. in the world vs on the world
❌ It's on the world. (错)
✅ It's in the world. (对)
解析:在世界上用 in the world。
5. next to vs near
两者都表示在附近,next to 更强调紧邻、紧挨着;near 只表示在附近,距离稍远。
The shop is next to the school. 商店紧挨着学校。
The shop is near the school. 商店在学校附近。
六、小拓展
1. 主要国家信息对照表(重点记忆)
Country 国家
Capital 首都
Language 语言
Flag 国旗颜色
Continent 大洲
China
Beijing
Chinese
红色,五颗黄星
Asia 亚洲
Canada
Ottawa
English and French
红白,枫叶
North America 北美洲
the US
Washington, D.C.
English
红白蓝,星条
North America 北美洲
the UK
London
English
红白蓝,米字旗
Europe 欧洲
Australia
Canberra
English
蓝白红
Oceania 大洋洲
2. 世界著名景点
英文
中文
所在国家
the Changjiang River
长江
中国
Yellowstone National Park
黄石国家公园
美国
Niagara Falls
尼亚加拉大瀑布
加拿大和美国边境
Bondi Beach
邦迪海滩
澳大利亚
Guilin landscape
桂林山水
中国
3. 七大洲小词汇
Asia 亚洲 Europe 欧洲 Africa 非洲
North America 北美洲 South America 南美洲
Oceania 大洋洲 Antarctica 南极洲
4. 本单元句型小口诀
国家在哪用 in,亚洲欧洲北美洲。
来自哪里 be from,I'm from China/Canada。
首都在哪 of 连接,Beijing is the capital of China。
说语言用 speak,speak Chinese/English/French。
国旗长什么样 look like,red, white and blue。
七、单元自测练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题2分,共20分)
1. China __________ (be) my country. It's in Asia.
2. Where __________ (be) you from?
3. Beijing is the capital city of __________ (Chinese).
4. In Canada, people __________ (speak) English and French.
5. There __________ (be) five yellow stars on the flag.
6. The shape of China __________ (look) like a rooster.
7. The US is __________ (next) to Canada.
8. People in the UK __________ (speak) English, too.
9. There are many __________ (mountain) in China.
10. A cloud is __________ (travel) around the world.
二、单项选择(每小题2分,共20分)
1. —Where is China? —It's in ______.
A. Asia B. Europe C. Africa D. North America
2. —______ is the capital city of the UK? —London.
A. What B. Where C. Who D. How
3. In China, we ______ Chinese.
A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell
4. The flag of China is red. It ______ five yellow stars.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
5. I'm from ______ US.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
6. —What language do people speak in Canada? —______
A. Chinese. B. English and French. C. Japanese. D. Russian.
7. The US is ______ Canada.
A. next B. next to C. in D. on
8. There ______ many rivers in China.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
9. The shape of China looks ______ a rooster.
A. like B. at C. after D. for
10. —Where are you from? —______
A. I'm from China. B. I'm from Chinese. C. I'm in China. D. I from China.
三、按要求改写句子(每小题3分,共15分)
1. China is in Asia.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ China?
2. Beijing is the capital city of China.(对划线部分提问)
______ the capital city of China?
3. People speak English in the US.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ do people speak in the US?
4. I'm from the UK.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ from the UK?
5. The flag is red.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ is the flag?
四、阅读理解(每小题3分,共15分)
This is a book about my country, China. China is a big country in Asia. The capital city is Beijing. We speak Chinese. The flag of China is red, and it has five yellow stars.
There are many mountains, rivers, lakes and forests in China. The Changjiang River is very famous. You can also see many beautiful places, like Guilin. In China, people say, "East or west, Guilin landscape is best." Welcome to China!
1. Where is China?
A. In Europe. B. In Asia. C. In Africa. D. In North America.
2. What's the capital city of China?
A. Shanghai. B. London. C. Beijing. D. Ottawa.
3. What language do people speak in China?
A. English. B. French. C. Chinese. D. Japanese.
4. How many yellow stars are there on the flag?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
5. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. China is a small country. B. The Changjiang River is in the US. C. Guilin landscape is very beautiful. D. People speak English in China.
参考答案
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. is 2. are 3. China 4. speak 5. are
6. looks 7. next 8. speak 9. mountains 10. travelling
二、单项选择
1-5: A A B B C 6-10: B B B A A
三、按要求改写句子
1. Where is
2. What's
3. What language
4. Are you
5. What colour
四、阅读理解
1-5: B C C B C
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