Unit6 Period2 Using language（课件）英语外研版必修第一册

At one with nature 高中英语外研版必修第一册 Period 2 Using language Learning objectives Students will be able to identify attributive clauses introduced by “preposition + whom/which” and understand their functions. Students will be able to choose appropriate prepositions and use “preposition + whom/which” correctly in attributive clauses. Students will be able to use words and expressions related to geographical features and the natural environment. Students will be able to describe natural landscapes using the target grammar and relevant vocabulary. Contents 1. Lead in 2.Grammar 3. Exercise 4. Assessment 5. Homework 01. Lead in Lead in Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the question. What do “which” and “whom” refer to in each sentence? the areas the local people Lead in Why do we use prepositions before “which” and “whom”? We use prepositions before “which” and “whom” because “which” and “whom” serve as the object of the action phrases that end with a preposition. In sentence (a), can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the meaning? Yes, because “in which” and “where” both mean “in the areas”. Lead in Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the question. Sentences(a) and (b) both contain a clause defining a noun in the sentence. Sentences (c) and (d) are constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun in the other sentence in each pair. Lead in Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage? The author chooses to use sentences (a) and (b) 1) to create a closer link and connection between the item and the clause defining it. 2) to make the passage clearer. 3) to emphasize the item being defined. 02. Grammar Grammar 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 Grammar 定语从句三要素 先行词 关系词（关系代词、关系副词） 定语从句 Grammar Review relative adverbs in attributive clauses(定语从句). 关系副词 成分 先行词 when 作时间状语 表时间的名词 where 作地点状语 表地点的名词 why 作原因状语 reason(s) Grammar 关系词的作用 （1）连接主句和从句 （2）指代先行词 （3）在从句中充当句子成分(主、宾、定、状) 关系代词：that, which, who, whom（宾格）, whose（所属）, as 关系副词：when, where, why Grammar Rose that is born in a upper-class family, is a beautiful girl. They can choose something that they like. Jack who is a poor guy won a ticket . I know a writer who is from Japan. Titanic which is about a love story is popular among us. This is the book which I bought yesterday. that 指代_______，在句中做_________,做宾语可省略。 who 指代_____，在句中做_________，做宾语可省略 。 which 指代____，在句中做_________，做宾语可省略 。 找出先行词，关系词和定语从句 人或物 主语/宾语 人 主语/宾语 主语/宾语 物 Grammar Ross is the person whom you should care about. Rose, whose mother is very strict, doesn't like Jack. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. whose 指代_______，在句中做______，与先行词存在所属关系。 whom 指代____，在句中做_____,可省略 。   人 宾语 人或物 定语 when 指代____，在句中做_________， The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 时间 时间状语 where指代____，在句中做_________， 地点 地点状语 Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. why 指代____，在句中做_________， 原因 原因状语 Grammar 主语 宾语 人 物 所属 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 who/that who/whom/that/省略 which/that which/that/省略 whose（人/物） when where why Grammar “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 一、关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语 关系代词指人 介词 + whom 关系代词指物 介词 + which a. The man by whom the thief was caught was a good policeman. b. This is the reason for which I was praised by my chemistry teacher. Grammar 二、“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用 介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。 1. 一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。 ① Language is one of means by which people can communicate ideas and emotions with each other. (by means 为固定搭配，表示“通过某种手段”。) ② What is at issue is the extent to which exam results can reflect a student's ability. (to the extent 为固定搭配，表示“在某种程度上”。) Grammar 2. 二动，即看从句中的谓语动词结构。根据从句中谓语动词的搭配选择合适的介词。 ①There comes Tom, for whom I have been waiting for an hour. (wait for sb 等候某人) 汤姆总算来了，我等了他一个小时了。 ②Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking? (talk to sb和某人交谈) 你认识那个刚才和我们老师交谈的女孩吗？ ③My mother missed her best friend with whom she worked in her youth. (work with sb和某人一起工作) 母亲很想念她最好的朋友，在年少时期，她们曾经一起工作过。 Grammar 像look after, depend on, pay attention to, take care of 等固定动词短语，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。 ① This is the watch which I am looking for. (T) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) ② This is the old lady whom Harold has taken care of. (T) This is the old lady of whom Harold has taken care. (F) 补充拓展： Grammar 3. 三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。 ① He was educated at a local high school，after which he went on to Beijing University. 他在当地的一所高中上学，之后他继续在北京大学学习。 ② Eric received training in computer for one year, after which he easily found a job in a big company. 艾瑞克接受了为期一年的电脑培训，之后他顺利在一家大公司找到了工作。 Grammar 4.四特殊：介词of 常用于“表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词”结构。 表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any；数词(含基数词、序数词、分数和百分数)；数词＋名词；the＋最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half, a quarter。 ① There are ten books on the reading list, three of which are my favourite. 阅读书单上有10本书，其中3本是我最喜欢的。 ② The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. 这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋子，其中的80%销往国外。 ③ There are two rooms facing the south, the smaller of which is my study room. 有两个朝南的房间，其中较小的那个是我的书房。 Grammar “of +关系代词”的常见结构 1. 不定代词 + of + which/whom ( all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, each等) The old man has two sons, both of _______ are lawyers. The old man has two sons, and both of _____ are lawyers. 2. 数词 + of + which/whom (基数词，序数词，分数，百分数，及表示数量词， 如：many，most，few，several，enough，half，a quarter等) In our class there are 50 students, half of whom wear glasses. whom them Grammar 3. the 最高级/比较级 + of + which/whom There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study room. 4. the + 名词 + of + which/whom, 其中“of which/whom”为定语，相当于whose Look at the building, the roof of which is white. = whose roof “of +关系代词”的常见结构 03. Exercise Exercise Connect the sentences with a preposition + whom/ which. 1. The Zhuang is an ethnic group. Its population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China. The Zhuang is an ethnic group of which the population is the largest of all ethnic groups in China. 2. Guangxi is a province. The Longji Rice Terraces are located in it. Guangxi is a province in which the Longji Rice Terraces are located. Exercise 3. I want to visit this cultural landscape. The title of UNESCO World Heritage Site was given to it in 2016. I want to visit this cultural landscape to which the title of UNESCO World Heritage Site was given in 2016. 4. He is an expert on rice planting. The local Zhuang people have learnt a lot from him. He is an expert on rice planting from whom the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot. Exercise 1.Do you like the book______which she spent $10? 2.Do you like the book______which she paid $10? 3.Do you like the book _____which she learned a lot? 4. 5.Mathematics is the subject _____ which I am most interested. 思考填入恰当的介词。 on for from in I remember the day which I joined the Party. on Exercise Exercise 1. Have you ever read the book _______ _______ there are many pictures? 2. The man _______ _______ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor. 3. The library _______ _______ we often borrow books is very large. 4. The gentleman _______ _______ you spoke just now is our headmaster. 5. This is the new bicycle _______ _______ I spent five hundred dollars. in which with whom from which to/with whom on which Exercise Complete the passage with a preposition+whom/which. Among the many beautiful treasures people can receive from nature are natural dyes. The most common natural source 1__________ natural dyes come is plants. Materials for making natural dyes can often be found in gardens 2_________ colourful flowers are planted. Other natural dyes are made from insects, sea creatures and mineral compounds. Natural dyes are now returning to popularity, especially with artists and craftspeople. The reasons 3___________they prefer natural dyes are that the colours are brighter and can be kept longer. Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers 4_________ caring for the environment is a priority. More and more people feel that by using natural dyes, we can remind ourselves of nature’s beauty and protect the natural world. from which in which for whom for which Exercise Read the descriptions and match them to the pictures. Exercise Complete the email with the words in bold in Activity 4. waterfall valley Basin sea Exercise • Around four million people live in the Arctic region, of whom around 170,000 are Inuit. • In the Arctic, the temperature can reach as low as -70℃. • The Arctic includes parts of eight countries: Canada, Russia, the United States, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland. Life in different climate zones 04. Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.Students will be able to identify attributive clauses introduced by “preposition + whom/which” and understand their functions. 2. Students will be able to choose appropriate prepositions and use “preposition + whom/which” correctly in attributive clauses. 3. Students will be able to describe natural landscapes using the target grammar and relevant vocabulary. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 Assessment 05. Homework Homework Work in pairs. Talk about other geographical features in the world. Located in Northern Sichuan Basin, Jiuzhai Valley is the kingdom of waterfalls and has Karst land forms for which it is famous. Looking up at the sky, you will be amazed to find a sea of clouds. Apart from the breath-taking scenery, Jiuzhai Valley is home to nine villages and some unique wildlife. This wonderland is sure to attract more and more tourists to admire its beauty. Thank you for your listening $