学考专题03 介词、连词与并列复合句：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，广东专用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题03 介词、连词与并列复合句 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点一 介词 考点二 连词 考点三 并列复合句 练|巩固提升训练 0 板块 知识点 学考具体要求 认知层次 常见题型 介词 1. 掌握常用介词的基本用法及辨析； 2. 熟记学考高频介词固定搭配； 3. 能在单句、简单对话中正确运用介词。 1. 时间介词（at/in/on/for/since）、地点介词（in/on/at/across/through）辨析； 2. 高频搭配：look for、listen to、be interested in、wait for 等； 3. 介词与名词、动词、形容词的搭配规则。 熟练掌握 语法填空 完形填空 连词 1. 掌握并列连词（and/but/or/so）的逻辑关系与用法； 2. 掌握高频从属连词（when/if/because/though 等）的用法； 3. 能在语境中准确选择连词。 并列连词： and（并列 / 顺承）but（转折） or（选择 / 否定条件） so（因果） 从属连词：时间：when（当…… 时）、while（当…… 时 / 对比） 条件：if（如果）、unless（除非） 原因：because（因为）、since（既然） 让步：though/although（虽然） 熟练掌握 语法填空 完形填空 并列复合句 1. 掌握 “简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句” 的结构； 2. 能识别并改正并列复合句的常见错误（如逗号拼接）； 3. 能运用并列连词构建并列复合句。 结构：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句 逻辑关系： 并列：She studies hard and she gets good grades. 转折：I tried my best but I failed. 选择：You can come with us or stay here. 因果：He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. 熟练掌握 语法填空 完形填空 考点一：介词 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 时间介词 at、in、on 的辨析 1. at 用于具体时刻（如 at 7:00）、固定短语（如 at noon）；2. in 用于年、月、季节、上午 / 下午 / 晚上（如 in 2023、in summer、in the morning）；3. on 用于具体某一天、星期、带修饰的上午 / 下午 / 晚上（如 on Monday、on a cold morning）。 at 3 o'clock；in May；on Teachers' Day for、since 的辨析 1. for 后接时间段，表动作持续时长（如 for three days）；2. since 后接时间点，表 “自从…… 以来”（如 since last year）。 He has lived here for five years.；We have known each other since 2010. 地点介词 in、on、at 的辨析 1. in 用于大地点（如国家、城市、范围内部，in China、in the park）；2. on 用于表面接触（如 on the table）、接壤（如 on the border）；3. at 用于小地点、具体位置（如 at the station、at the corner）。 in Guangzhou；on the wall；at the bus stop across、through 的辨析 1. across 表 “从表面穿过”（如 across the road）；2. through 表 “从内部穿过”（如 through the forest）。 Walk across the bridge.；The river flows through the city. 固定搭配 常用介词短语 掌握如 look for（寻找）、listen to（听）、wait for（等待）、be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）等固定搭配。 She is looking for her keys.；We are interested in English. 考点二：连词 语法类别 核心学考要求 重点掌握内容 能力目标 连词 1. 掌握并列连词（and/but/or/so）的逻辑关系与用法；2. 掌握高频从属连词（when/if/because/though 等）的用法；3. 能在语境中准确选择连词。 - 并列连词：- and（并列 / 顺承）：He likes music and often goes to concerts.- but（转折）：It’s late but we can still try.- or（选择 / 否定条件）：Hurry up, or you’ll miss the bus.- so（因果）：It rained, so we stayed home.- 从属连词：- 时间：when（当…… 时）、while（当…… 时 / 对比）- 条件：if（如果）、unless（除非）- 原因：because（因为）、since（既然）- 让步：though/although（虽然） 1. 能区分并列连词的逻辑关系；2. 能根据语境选从属连词；3. 避免 “though 与 but 连用” 等错误。 考点三：并列复合句 类别 项目 规则 例词 / 例句 并列复合句 1. 掌握 “简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句” 的结构；2. 能识别并改正并列复合句的常见错误（如逗号拼接）；3. 能运用并列连词构建并列复合句。 - 结构：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句（如：We sang and they danced.）- 逻辑关系：- 并列：She studies hard and she gets good grades.- 转折：I tried my best but I failed.- 选择：You can come with us or stay here.- 因果：He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.- 易错提示：不可用逗号单独连接两个简单句（逗号拼接错误），需加并列连词。 1. 能根据逻辑构建并列复合句；2. 能识别并修改连词误用、结构错误；3. 能在写作中运用并列复合句丰富句式。 考点一：介词 1.（2023 广东学考）How to pay the bill is also different from country __________ country. 1. — Why did you apologize ______ him? — Because I accidentally knocked his books ______ the floor. A. to; onto B. for; into C. with; on D. at; off 2. The documentary about space exploration has been popular ______ teenagers ______ its release last month. A. among; since B. between; for C. with; in D. by; from 3. We should pay attention ______ the details when doing the experiment, as small mistakes may lead ______ big problems. A. for; to B. to; to C. on; in D. at; for 4. The library is located ______ the corner of the street, ______ the post office and the bank. A. at; between B. in; among C. on; beside D. to; near 考点二：连词 1. （2024年广东学考）He felt hungry, ____ he made himself some bread for breakfast. 1. — Why did you choose to study abroad? — ______ I wanted to experience different cultures, ______ I hoped to improve my language skills. A. Not only; but also B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Neither; nor 2. ______ the temperature drops sharply at night, you’d better take a thick coat with you. A. Unless B. Since C. Until D. Though 3. The film is based on a true story ______ some details have been changed for dramatic effect. A. and B. but C. or D. so 4. ______ you finish your essay, you can’t watch TV or play computer games. A. If B. Until C. When D. Since 考点三：并列复合句 1.（2020年广东学考）Please call me ____ you arrive in Guangzhou. 1. The concert was supposed to start at 7:00, ______ it was delayed for half an hour due to traffic jams. 2. You can either take the subway to the airport ______ book a taxi online in advance. 3. The company has launched a new environmentally friendly product, ______ it has received positive feedback from consumers. 4. He didn’t pay attention to the road signs, ______ he got lost in the unfamiliar neighborhood. 训练 一、单项选择 1. — Why did you choose to study abroad? — ______ I wanted to experience different cultures, ______ I hoped to improve my language skills. A. Not only; but also B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Neither; nor 2. ______ the temperature drops sharply at night, you’d better take a thick coat with you. A. Unless B. Since C. Until D. Though 3. The film is based on a true story ______ some details have been changed for dramatic effect. A. and B. but C. or D. so 4. — How do you usually deal ______ stress from studies? — I often listen to music ______ my free time. A. with; in B. for; on C. about; at D. to; during 5. The library offers a variety of books, magazines ______ newspapers for readers to choose from. A. or B. but C. and D. so 6. Don’t forget to take your ID card with you, ______ you won’t be allowed to enter the exhibition hall. A. and B. or C. but D. so 7. — Could you tell me the way ______ the nearest supermarket? — Go ______ the bridge, then turn right at the first crossroads. A. to; across B. for; through C. in; over D. towards; past 8. She loves painting ______ she is not very good at drawing figures, so she focuses on landscape painting. A. and B. but C. or D. so 9. — Did you go to the park yesterday? — No, I didn’t. I stayed at home ______ the heavy rain. A. because of B. because C. though D. if 10. You can’t drive a car ______ you get your driver’s license. A. until B. if C. since D. while 二、单句语法填空 1. We have been studying English ______ we entered middle school. 2. Please inform me ______ the meeting will be postponed, so that I can adjust my schedule in time. 3. The old town has preserved its traditional architecture ______ many modern cities have lost theirs in rapid development. 4. You can borrow this reference book ______ you promise to return it before the end of the semester. 5. The concert was supposed to start at 7:00, ______ it was delayed for half an hour due to traffic jams. 6. You can either take the subway to the airport ______ book a taxi online in advance. 7. The company has launched a new environmentally friendly product, ______ it has received positive feedback from consumers. 8. He didn’t pay attention to the road signs, ______ he got lost in the unfamiliar neighborhood. 9. We will have a picnic ______ the weather is nice this weekend. 10. ______ it was raining heavily, we still went to visit the museum. 一、阅读理解。 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States, yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself:  “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At twelve she left home and was in domestic (家庭的) service until, at twenty - seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom only five survived ; her husband died in1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff (硬的) to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore (杂货店) and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals (描绘) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of colour and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.” she said. 21．From Grandma Moses’ description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ______. A．Independent. B．pretty. C．rich. D．nervous. 22．Grandma Moses spent most of her life ______. A．Nursing. B．painting. C．embroidering. D．farming. 23．The underlined word “survived” means ______. A．graduated from college. B．examined the condition of the house. C．lived longer than the other children. D．gave up themselves to the police. 24．According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ______. A．make herself beautiful. B．keep active. C．earn more money. D．become famous. 25．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Grandma Moses: Her Life and Pictures. B．The Children of Grandma Moses. C．Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition. D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists. B （2025年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02）The FIFA World Cup came to an end in December 2022. But the love for soccer is still very much alive and well in Zibo, Shandong Province. Zibo is called “the home of soccer ball”. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. In 2004, cuju won the recognition of FIFA — soccer’s governing body — as the earliest form of soccer. The Chinese character cu means to kick. Ju means an ancient type of leather ball. It has feathers (羽毛) or grain chaff (谷糠) inside. The ancient Chinese historical text Zhan Guo Ce says cuju was a form of amusement among common people. But during the Han Dynasty, soldiers played cuju for army training. During the Tang Dynasty, women played cuju at the royal court (朝廷) for the amusement of the emperors. It entered the golden age in the Song Dynasty when it became popular among every class. Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. Li Weipeng, 34, from Linzi district of Zibo city, is a seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of cuju. He has been practicing cuju skills for 18 years. Mastering different cuju skills is not easy. “At the beginning, I spent eight hours a day practicing juggling (颠球) a ball. It was tiring,” Li told China Daily. He now can juggle a ball with his foot over 10,000 times in a row. Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. The traditional Chinese sport cuju is now popular at primary and middle schools in Linzi. “Students show great interest in playing cuju. It encourages me to promote the ancient sport,” Li said. 26．Why is Zibo called “the home of soccer ball”? A．Because cuju was born there. B．Because people there love soccer. C．Because there is a branch of FIFA． D．Because modern soccer began there. 27．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The way of making cuju. B．The development of cuju. C．The value of cuju to the world. D．The popularity of cuju among the Chinese. 28．In the Ming Dynasty, cuju _______. A．was used to train soldiers B．was enjoyed by the emperors C．became popular among women D．slowly disappeared in people’s lives 29．Which of the following is true about Li Weipeng? A．He is the only inheritor of cuju. B．He thinks it easy to learn cuju skills. C．He now practises cuju eight hours a day. D．He passes down cuju skills to the younger generation. 30．What the best title for the passage? A．Zibo — a city of soccer fans B．Cuju — its yesterday and today C．Soccer — a popular sport in China D．Li Weipeng — a devoted instructor of cuju C （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the tradition of the English watchmakers of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today this tradition is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who designs his own watches makes all the pars himself and then puts them together. A Daniels watch is the product of his hands alone. One of his watches which is now in an American museum took 3500 hours to complete. He usually makes one watch a year. Each one is inscribed (刻) with “Daniels London” and costs about $10,000. Of course these are not ordinary watches—they are very beautiful and will last three centuries. George Daniels has always been attracted by clocks and watches. When he was five he used to take his father’s clock apart and put it back together again. At school he used to repair his teachers watches. He is now internationally famous and many people would like him to make watches for them. But most of them will be disappointed. He chooses his customers very carefully indeed. It must be someone who understands the subject,” he says “not someone who will leave the watch in the drawer and only show it to dinner quests.” 31. Who is George Daniels? A. One of the few who repaired watches in the old days. B. The only man who collects old watches in the world. C. One of the few remaining watch designers in the world. D. The only man who designs and makes watches by himself. 32. How long can a Daniels watch keep working? A. 35,000 hours. B. 300 years. C. 200 years. D. 3,500 hours. 33. Which of the following shows Daniels’ early interest in watches? A. He played with his father’s clock. B. He taught people how to repair watches. C He made a watch for an American museum. D. He made beautiful and long-lasting watches. 34. George Daniels makes watches for those who _________. A. can afford his watches B. may want to show them to others C. appreciate his watches D. enjoy his watch-making process 35 What do we know about Daniels watches? A. Only a few people like them. B. They are kept in a museum. C. Only a few people can get them. D. They have a history of over 200 years. D (2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷03））Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? 36 Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. 37 They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 38 Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse the birds. 39 The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground. 40 Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. A．This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. B．People are trying to solve the problem. C．These birds have no idea what glass is. D．As a result, they fly right into the glass. E．The answer is glass. 二、完形填空 （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）The king of Kamera in Africa was a proud and cruel man. His men ___41___ him and immediately carried out his orders. But one day when he was saying proudly that all men were his servants, a ___42___ old man called Boukabar criticized (批评) him, saying, “All men are ___43___ of one another.” “So I am your servant, am I?” said the king very ___44___. “Then prove it. Force me to work for you before sunset, and I will ___45___ you a hundred cows. If you ___46___, I will kill you.” “Very well,” said Boukabar. Being a very old man, he had to use a stick for ___47___. Just as he took it up and was about to go out, a beggar came to the door. “Allow me,” said Boukabar, “to give this ___48___ man something to eat.” Taking some food in both hands, Boukabar tottered (蹒跚) past the king. His stick ___49___ from under his arm and got ___50___ on his clothes, and nearly tripped (绊倒) him up. He cried to the king, “Please pick up the stick or I shall fall.” The king picked it up without thinking, and Boukabar then laughed ___51___and said, “You see all ___52___ men are servants of one another. I am serving the ___53___ and you are serving me. But I do not want the ___54___. Give them to the poor.” The king did so, and took Boukabar as his chief ___55___. 41. A. liked B. feared C. avoided D. doubted 42. A. wise B. common C. strict D. polite 43. A. rulers B. servants C. workers D. students 44. A. happily B. hurriedly C. angrily D. hopefully 45. A. find B. give C. show D. lend 46. A. argue B. finish C. fail D. agree 47. A. walking B. fighting C. talking D. climbing 48. A. funny B. clever C. brave D. poor 49. A. jumped B. rose C. fell D. appeared 50. A. broken B. hurt C. taken D. caught 51. A. merrily B. bitterly C. secretly D. openly 52. A. rich B. foolish C. old D. good 53. A. waiter B. beggar C. king D. soldier 54. A. sticks B. money C. cows D. food 55. A. advisor B. king C. cook D. designer 三、语法填空 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷01））Yiwu, a city in Zhejiang Province, China, is known as the world’s capital of small goods. Every year, it draws 56 (count) tourists and businessmen from across the world. The city boasts big markets 57 (fill) with an incredible variety of goods, making it a unique spot for both trade and tourism. Nowadays, Yiwu 58 (grow)more and more popular among young travelers. They 59 (attract) not only by its commercial(商业的)opportunities but also by its rich culture and lifestyle. The international trade market stands out 60 the most eye-catching attraction, supplying small goods to the world. It’s divided into five zones with a 3-kilometer walk separating them, 61 visitors often choose taxis or buses. Yiwu is also a melting pot of cultures, 62 (host) over 12,000 foreign businessmen from five continents. They live and work alongside locals, sharing daily activities like shopping, transportation, and social events. The city’s different food scene 63 (mirror) its international population, offering cuisines from India, Italy, Pakistan, Yemen, Egypt, and more. Nearby, Hengdian World Studios in Dongyang is another must-visit. With over 2,000 film sets copying historical and modern scenes, the 5A-rated attraction lets visitors experience the past through film sets. Small yet 64 (global) connected, Yiwu combines business innovation(创新)with cultural fusion(融合)— a unique mixture 65 deals and discoveries coexist in China’s commercial heartland. 四、应用文写作 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷(一)英语）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说对你校课后服务课程很感兴趣，请你给他写一封回信。 内容包括：(1)本学期开设的三门课程：Calligraphy(书法)，Martial Art(武术)，Vegetable-planting; (2)你选择的其中一门课程及其开课情况(如上课时间、地点等); (3)你选择这门课程的原因。 注意：1. 词数90左右； 2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数； 3. 可以适当增加细节，并将开头和结尾抄写在答题卡上，以使行文连贯。 Dear John， Knowing that you’re interested in optional courses in our school, I’m writing to tell you something about them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 介词、连词与并列复合句 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 考点一 介词 考点二 连词 考点三 并列复合句 练|巩固提升训练 0 板块 知识点 学考具体要求 认知层次 常见题型 介词 1. 掌握常用介词的基本用法及辨析； 2. 熟记学考高频介词固定搭配； 3. 能在单句、简单对话中正确运用介词。 1. 时间介词（at/in/on/for/since）、地点介词（in/on/at/across/through）辨析； 2. 高频搭配：look for、listen to、be interested in、wait for 等； 3. 介词与名词、动词、形容词的搭配规则。 熟练掌握 语法填空 完形填空 连词 1. 掌握并列连词（and/but/or/so）的逻辑关系与用法； 2. 掌握高频从属连词（when/if/because/though 等）的用法； 3. 能在语境中准确选择连词。 并列连词： and（并列 / 顺承）but（转折） or（选择 / 否定条件） so（因果） 从属连词：时间：when（当…… 时）、while（当…… 时 / 对比） 条件：if（如果）、unless（除非） 原因：because（因为）、since（既然） 让步：though/although（虽然） 熟练掌握 语法填空 完形填空 并列复合句 1. 掌握 “简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句” 的结构； 2. 能识别并改正并列复合句的常见错误（如逗号拼接）； 3. 能运用并列连词构建并列复合句。 结构：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句 逻辑关系： 并列：She studies hard and she gets good grades. 转折：I tried my best but I failed. 选择：You can come with us or stay here. 因果：He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. 熟练掌握 语法填空 完形填空 考点一：介词 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 时间介词 at、in、on 的辨析 1. at 用于具体时刻（如 at 7:00）、固定短语（如 at noon）；2. in 用于年、月、季节、上午 / 下午 / 晚上（如 in 2023、in summer、in the morning）；3. on 用于具体某一天、星期、带修饰的上午 / 下午 / 晚上（如 on Monday、on a cold morning）。 at 3 o'clock；in May；on Teachers' Day for、since 的辨析 1. for 后接时间段，表动作持续时长（如 for three days）；2. since 后接时间点，表 “自从…… 以来”（如 since last year）。 He has lived here for five years.；We have known each other since 2010. 地点介词 in、on、at 的辨析 1. in 用于大地点（如国家、城市、范围内部，in China、in the park）；2. on 用于表面接触（如 on the table）、接壤（如 on the border）；3. at 用于小地点、具体位置（如 at the station、at the corner）。 in Guangzhou；on the wall；at the bus stop across、through 的辨析 1. across 表 “从表面穿过”（如 across the road）；2. through 表 “从内部穿过”（如 through the forest）。 Walk across the bridge.；The river flows through the city. 固定搭配 常用介词短语 掌握如 look for（寻找）、listen to（听）、wait for（等待）、be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）等固定搭配。 She is looking for her keys.；We are interested in English. 考点二：连词 语法类别 核心学考要求 重点掌握内容 能力目标 连词 1. 掌握并列连词（and/but/or/so）的逻辑关系与用法；2. 掌握高频从属连词（when/if/because/though 等）的用法；3. 能在语境中准确选择连词。 - 并列连词：- and（并列 / 顺承）：He likes music and often goes to concerts.- but（转折）：It’s late but we can still try.- or（选择 / 否定条件）：Hurry up, or you’ll miss the bus.- so（因果）：It rained, so we stayed home.- 从属连词：- 时间：when（当…… 时）、while（当…… 时 / 对比）- 条件：if（如果）、unless（除非）- 原因：because（因为）、since（既然）- 让步：though/although（虽然） 1. 能区分并列连词的逻辑关系；2. 能根据语境选从属连词；3. 避免 “though 与 but 连用” 等错误。 考点三：并列复合句 类别 项目 规则 例词 / 例句 并列复合句 1. 掌握 “简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句” 的结构；2. 能识别并改正并列复合句的常见错误（如逗号拼接）；3. 能运用并列连词构建并列复合句。 - 结构：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句（如：We sang and they danced.）- 逻辑关系：- 并列：She studies hard and she gets good grades.- 转折：I tried my best but I failed.- 选择：You can come with us or stay here.- 因果：He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.- 易错提示：不可用逗号单独连接两个简单句（逗号拼接错误），需加并列连词。 1. 能根据逻辑构建并列复合句；2. 能识别并修改连词误用、结构错误；3. 能在写作中运用并列复合句丰富句式。 考点一：介词 1.（2023 广东学考）How to pay the bill is also different from country __________ country. 【答案】to 【详解】from country to country固定短语，意为 “国与国之间；各个不同国家”。句意：付账方式各国之间也各不相同。 1. — Why did you apologize ______ him? — Because I accidentally knocked his books ______ the floor. A. to; onto B. for; into C. with; on D. at; off 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词搭配。“apologize to sb.”意为“向某人道歉”，“knock sth. onto the floor”意为“把某物撞到地上”，符合语境，故选A。 2. The documentary about space exploration has been popular ______ teenagers ______ its release last month. A. among; since B. between; for C. with; in D. by; from 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词辨析。“be popular among teenagers”意为“在青少年中受欢迎”，“since+过去时间点”与现在完成时连用（has been popular），故选A。 3. We should pay attention ______ the details when doing the experiment, as small mistakes may lead ______ big problems. A. for; to B. to; to C. on; in D. at; for 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词固定搭配。“pay attention to”意为“注意”，“lead to”意为“导致”，均为学考高频搭配，故选B。 4. The library is located ______ the corner of the street, ______ the post office and the bank. A. at; between B. in; among C. on; beside D. to; near 【答案】A 【详解】考查地点介词。“at the corner”意为“在街角”，“between...and...”意为“在……和……之间”，符合“图书馆在邮局和银行之间”的语境，故选A。 考点二：连词 1. （2024年广东学考）He felt hungry, ____ he made himself some bread for breakfast. 【答案】so 【详解】前半句 “他饿了”，后半句因果结果 “给自己做面包当早餐”，so“因此，所以”。 1. — Why did you choose to study abroad? — ______ I wanted to experience different cultures, ______ I hoped to improve my language skills. A. Not only; but also B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Neither; nor 【答案】A 【详解】考查并列连词短语。句意为“我不仅想体验不同文化，还希望提高语言技能”。“Not only...but also...”表递进关系，符合语境中两个目的的递进，且连接两个句子时“Not only”后需倒装，此处虽未倒装但结构符合语义，故选A。 2. ______ the temperature drops sharply at night, you’d better take a thick coat with you. A. Unless B. Since C. Until D. Though 【答案】B 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“由于晚上气温骤降，你最好带件厚外套”。“Since”引导原因状语从句，表“既然、由于”，强调已知的原因，符合语境，故选B。 3. The film is based on a true story ______ some details have been changed for dramatic effect. A. and B. but C. or D. so 【答案】B 【详解】考查并列连词。句意为“这部电影基于真实故事改编，但为了戏剧效果修改了一些细节”。前后句是转折关系，“but”表转折，符合语境，故选B。 4. ______ you finish your essay, you can’t watch TV or play computer games. A. If B. Until C. When D. Since 【答案】B 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“直到你完成论文，才能看电视或玩电脑游戏”。“Until”引导时间状语从句，与否定词“can’t”连用，表“直到……才……”，符合语境，故选B。 考点三：并列复合句 1.（2020年广东学考）Please call me ____ you arrive in Guangzhou. 【答案】when 【详解】when 时间状语从句“当…… 时候”。句意：你到达广州的时候请打电话给我。 1. The concert was supposed to start at 7:00, ______ it was delayed for half an hour due to traffic jams. 【答案】but 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“音乐会本应7点开始，但因交通堵塞推迟了半小时”。前后句是转折关系，用“but”连接两个简单句构成并列复合句，故填“but”。 2. You can either take the subway to the airport ______ book a taxi online in advance. 【答案】or 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“你可以乘地铁去机场，或者提前在线预订出租车”。“either...or...”是并列连词短语，表选择关系，连接两个并列的动作，构成并列复合句，故填“or”。 3. The company has launched a new environmentally friendly product, ______ it has received positive feedback from consumers. 【答案】and 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“该公司推出了一款新的环保产品，并且收到了消费者的积极反馈”。前后句是顺承关系，“and”表并列顺承，连接两个简单句构成并列复合句，故填“and”。 4. He didn’t pay attention to the road signs, ______ he got lost in the unfamiliar neighborhood. 【答案】so 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“他没注意路标，所以在陌生的街区迷路了”。前后句是因果关系，“so”表结果，连接两个简单句构成并列复合句，故填“so”。 训练 一、单项选择 1. — Why did you choose to study abroad? — ______ I wanted to experience different cultures, ______ I hoped to improve my language skills. A. Not only; but also B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Neither; nor 【答案】A 【详解】考查并列连词短语。句意为“我不仅想体验不同文化，还希望提高语言技能”。“Not only...but also...”表递进关系，符合语境中两个目的的递进，故选A。 2. ______ the temperature drops sharply at night, you’d better take a thick coat with you. A. Unless B. Since C. Until D. Though 【答案】B 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“由于晚上气温骤降，你最好带件厚外套”。“Since”引导原因状语从句，表“既然、由于”，强调已知原因，故选B。 3. The film is based on a true story ______ some details have been changed for dramatic effect. A. and B. but C. or D. so 【答案】B 【详解】考查并列连词。句意为“这部电影基于真实故事改编，但为了戏剧效果修改了一些细节”。前后句是转折关系，“but”表转折，故选B。 4. — How do you usually deal ______ stress from studies? — I often listen to music ______ my free time. A. with; in B. for; on C. about; at D. to; during 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词搭配。“deal with”是固定短语，意为“处理”；“in one’s free time”意为“在某人空闲时间”，均为学考高频搭配，故选A。 5. The library offers a variety of books, magazines ______ newspapers for readers to choose from. A. or B. but C. and D. so 【答案】C 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“图书馆提供各种书籍、杂志和报纸供读者选择”。“and”连接多个并列名词，表并列关系，故选C。 6. Don’t forget to take your ID card with you, ______ you won’t be allowed to enter the exhibition hall. A. and B. or C. but D. so 【答案】B 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“别忘了带身份证，否则你不被允许进入展厅”。“or”表否定条件“否则”，连接两个简单句，故选B。 7. — Could you tell me the way ______ the nearest supermarket? — Go ______ the bridge, then turn right at the first crossroads. A. to; across B. for; through C. in; over D. towards; past 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词搭配。“the way to...”意为“去……的路”；“go across the bridge”意为“过桥”（从表面穿过），符合语境，故选A。 8. She loves painting ______ she is not very good at drawing figures, so she focuses on landscape painting. A. and B. but C. or D. so 【答案】B 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“她喜欢画画，但不擅长画人物，所以专注风景画”。前两句是转折关系，“but”表转折，故选B。 9. — Did you go to the park yesterday? — No, I didn’t. I stayed at home ______ the heavy rain. A. because of B. because C. though D. if 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词及短语辨析。句意为“因为大雨我待在家”。“because of”后接名词短语“the heavy rain”，符合语法要求，故选A。 10. You can’t drive a car ______ you get your driver’s license. A. until B. if C. since D. while 【答案】A 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“直到你拿到驾照才能开车”。“not...until...”表“直到……才……”，是固定搭配，故选A。 二、单句语法填空 1. We have been studying English ______ we entered middle school. 【答案】since 【详解】考查时间介词。“since+过去时间点”与现在完成时“have been studying”连用，表“自从进入中学以来”，故填“since”。 2. Please inform me ______ the meeting will be postponed, so that I can adjust my schedule in time. 【答案】if 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“如果会议延期，请通知我以便调整日程”。“if”引导条件状语从句表“如果”，故填“if”。 3. The old town has preserved its traditional architecture ______ many modern cities have lost theirs in rapid development. 【答案】while 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“古镇保留传统建筑，而现代城市在发展中丢失了”。“while”表对比“然而”，故填“while”。 4. You can borrow this reference book ______ you promise to return it before the end of the semester. 【答案】as long as 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“只要你承诺学期末归还，就能借这本参考书”。“as long as”表“只要”，强调条件限定，故填“as long as”。 5. The concert was supposed to start at 7:00, ______ it was delayed for half an hour due to traffic jams. 【答案】but 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“音乐会本应7点开始，但因堵车推迟半小时”。前后句转折，“but”表转折，故填“but”。 6. You can either take the subway to the airport ______ book a taxi online in advance. 【答案】or 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“你可乘地铁去机场或提前在线订出租车”。“either...or...”表选择，故填“or”。 7. The company has launched a new environmentally friendly product, ______ it has received positive feedback from consumers. 【答案】and 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“公司推出新环保产品，且收到消费者积极反馈”。前后句顺承，“and”表并列，故填“and”。 8. He didn’t pay attention to the road signs, ______ he got lost in the unfamiliar neighborhood. 【答案】so 【详解】考查并列复合句连词。句意为“他没注意路标，所以在陌生街区迷路”。前后句因果，“so”表结果，故填“so”。 9. We will have a picnic ______ the weather is nice this weekend. 【答案】if 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“如果这周末天气好，我们就去野餐”。“if”引导条件状语从句表“如果”，故填“if”。 10. ______ it was raining heavily, we still went to visit the museum. 【答案】Though 【详解】考查从属连词。句意为“尽管雨下得大，我们还是去参观博物馆”。“Though”引导让步状语从句表“尽管”，句首大写，故填“Though”。 一、阅读理解。 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States, yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself:  “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At twelve she left home and was in domestic (家庭的) service until, at twenty - seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom only five survived ; her husband died in1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff (硬的) to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore (杂货店) and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals (描绘) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of colour and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.” she said. 21．From Grandma Moses’ description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ______. A．Independent. B．pretty. C．rich. D．nervous. 22．Grandma Moses spent most of her life ______. A．Nursing. B．painting. C．embroidering. D．farming. 23．The underlined word “survived” means ______. A．graduated from college. B．examined the condition of the house. C．lived longer than the other children. D．gave up themselves to the police. 24．According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ______. A．make herself beautiful. B．keep active. C．earn more money. D．become famous. 25．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Grandma Moses: Her Life and Pictures. B．The Children of Grandma Moses. C．Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition. D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists. 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。全文介绍了画家摩西奶奶以及她的有关作品。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me (我永远不会坐在摇椅上，等着别人来帮助我)”可知她是一个独立的人。故选A项。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段“They farmed most of their lives (他们大部分时间都在务农)”可知摩西奶奶与其丈夫一生中的大部分时间都是务农的。故选D项。 23．词句猜测题。根据第二段“She had ten children, of whom only five survived ; her husband died in1927. (她生了十个孩子，只有五个survived；她的丈夫于1927年去世。)”可知，根据“only”可知，她生了十个孩子，只有五个活了下来。故选C项。 24．推理判断题。根据第一段“ As she once said to herself:  “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. (正如她曾经对自己说的那样：“我永远不会坐在摇椅上，等着别人来帮助我。”没有人能拥有比他更富有成效的晚年了。)”可知，根据这篇文章，摩西奶奶开始画画是因为她想保持活跃。故选B。 25．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第一段“Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States,yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. (摩西奶奶是20世纪美国最著名的画家之一，但她直到70多岁才开始画画。)”全文就是介绍了画家摩西奶奶的生活以及她的有关作品，A项“摩西奶奶：她的生活和绘画。”能概括文章主题。故选A项。 B （2025年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02）The FIFA World Cup came to an end in December 2022. But the love for soccer is still very much alive and well in Zibo, Shandong Province. Zibo is called “the home of soccer ball”. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. In 2004, cuju won the recognition of FIFA — soccer’s governing body — as the earliest form of soccer. The Chinese character cu means to kick. Ju means an ancient type of leather ball. It has feathers (羽毛) or grain chaff (谷糠) inside. The ancient Chinese historical text Zhan Guo Ce says cuju was a form of amusement among common people. But during the Han Dynasty, soldiers played cuju for army training. During the Tang Dynasty, women played cuju at the royal court (朝廷) for the amusement of the emperors. It entered the golden age in the Song Dynasty when it became popular among every class. Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. Li Weipeng, 34, from Linzi district of Zibo city, is a seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of cuju. He has been practicing cuju skills for 18 years. Mastering different cuju skills is not easy. “At the beginning, I spent eight hours a day practicing juggling (颠球) a ball. It was tiring,” Li told China Daily. He now can juggle a ball with his foot over 10,000 times in a row. Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. The traditional Chinese sport cuju is now popular at primary and middle schools in Linzi. “Students show great interest in playing cuju. It encourages me to promote the ancient sport,” Li said. 26．Why is Zibo called “the home of soccer ball”? A．Because cuju was born there. B．Because people there love soccer. C．Because there is a branch of FIFA． D．Because modern soccer began there. 27．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The way of making cuju. B．The development of cuju. C．The value of cuju to the world. D．The popularity of cuju among the Chinese. 28．In the Ming Dynasty, cuju _______. A．was used to train soldiers B．was enjoyed by the emperors C．became popular among women D．slowly disappeared in people’s lives 29．Which of the following is true about Li Weipeng? A．He is the only inheritor of cuju. B．He thinks it easy to learn cuju skills. C．He now practises cuju eight hours a day. D．He passes down cuju skills to the younger generation. 30．What the best title for the passage? A．Zibo — a city of soccer fans B．Cuju — its yesterday and today C．Soccer — a popular sport in China D．Li Weipeng — a devoted instructor of cuju 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了山东淄博被称为“足球之乡”，是古代运动蹴鞠的发源地。讲述了蹴鞠的历史发展，包括其在不同朝代的用途和流行程度，还介绍了淄博临淄的蹴鞠第七代传承人李为鹏，他练习蹴鞠技艺多年，并致力于在学校推广蹴鞠，如今蹴鞠在当地中小学颇受欢迎。 26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Zibo is called the home of soccer ball. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. (淄博被称为“足球之乡”。它是中国古代蹴鞠运动的发源地。)”可知，淄博被称为“足球之乡”是因为它是古代中国足球运动蹴鞠的发源地。故选A。 27．主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了蹴鞠的发展历程，从古代作为民间娱乐活动，到汉代士兵用于军事训练，再到唐代女性在宫廷中玩蹴鞠供皇帝娱乐，最后在宋代进入黄金时期，但在明代逐渐淡出人们的生活。因此，第二段的主要意思是蹴鞠的发展过程。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. (然而，这项有着2000多年历史的游戏在明代逐渐淡出了人们的生活。)”可知，在明代，这项拥有2000多年历史的运动逐渐淡出了人们的生活。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段“Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. (教学生蹴鞠动作是李的工作之一。)”可知，李伟鹏的工作之一是教学生蹴鞠的动作，即他将蹴鞠技能传授给了年轻一代。故选D。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了蹴鞠这一古代中国足球运动的历史、发展以及现代传承情况，特别是通过李伟鹏这一现代传承人的故事来展现。故选B。 C （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the tradition of the English watchmakers of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today this tradition is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who designs his own watches makes all the pars himself and then puts them together. A Daniels watch is the product of his hands alone. One of his watches which is now in an American museum took 3500 hours to complete. He usually makes one watch a year. Each one is inscribed (刻) with “Daniels London” and costs about $10,000. Of course these are not ordinary watches—they are very beautiful and will last three centuries. George Daniels has always been attracted by clocks and watches. When he was five he used to take his father’s clock apart and put it back together again. At school he used to repair his teachers watches. He is now internationally famous and many people would like him to make watches for them. But most of them will be disappointed. He chooses his customers very carefully indeed. It must be someone who understands the subject,” he says “not someone who will leave the watch in the drawer and only show it to dinner quests.” 31. Who is George Daniels? A. One of the few who repaired watches in the old days. B. The only man who collects old watches in the world. C. One of the few remaining watch designers in the world. D. The only man who designs and makes watches by himself. 32. How long can a Daniels watch keep working? A. 35,000 hours. B. 300 years. C. 200 years. D. 3,500 hours. 33. Which of the following shows Daniels’ early interest in watches? A. He played with his father’s clock. B. He taught people how to repair watches. C He made a watch for an American museum. D. He made beautiful and long-lasting watches. 34. George Daniels makes watches for those who _________. A. can afford his watches B. may want to show them to others C. appreciate his watches D. enjoy his watch-making process 35 What do we know about Daniels watches? A. Only a few people like them. B. They are kept in a museum. C. Only a few people can get them. D. They have a history of over 200 years. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的钟表匠乔治·丹尼尔斯。他自己设计手表，亲手制作所有的零件，在国际上颇有名声。然而，不是所有人都能获得让他帮忙制作手表的资格，他只给那些懂得手表的人设计。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the tradition of the English watchmakers of the 133th and 134th centuries. Today this tradition is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who designs his own watches makes all the pars himself and then puts them together.(乔治·丹尼尔斯住在伦敦。他是一名钟表匠。他的作品延续了133世纪和134世纪英国制表师的传统。今天，这一传统几乎已经消亡。丹尼尔斯是世界上唯一一个自己设计手表的人，他自己制造所有零件，然后把它们组装在一起。)”可知，乔治·丹尼尔斯是一个自己独自设计和制作手表的钟表匠。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Of course these are not ordinary watches—they are very beautiful and will last three centuries.(当然，这些不是普通的手表，它们非常漂亮，可以用三个世纪。)”可知，他制作的手表可以持续三个世纪，即300年。故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“George Daniels has always been attracted by clocks and watches. When he was five he used to take his father’s clock apart and put it back together again.(乔治·丹尼尔斯一直被钟表所吸引。当他五岁的时候，他经常把他父亲的钟拆开，然后再装回去。)”可知，他从小喜欢钟表，喜欢玩他父亲的钟，因此玩父亲的钟是他早期对钟表感兴趣的体现。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It must be someone who understands the subject,” he says “not someone who will leave the watch in the drawer and only show it to dinner quests.”(他说：“一定是某个理解这个物品的人，而不是某个会把手表放在抽屉里，只在晚宴上展示的人。”)”可知，他只给那些明白他为什么设计这个手表，真正欣赏手表的人。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He is now internationally famous and many people would like him to make watches for them. But most of them will be disappointed. He chooses his customers very carefully indeed.(他现在在国际上很有名，许多人想让他为他们制作手表。但大部分都会失望。他确实非常仔细地选择他的顾客。)”可知，不是所有人都能让他为他们制作手表，他要筛选客人，大多数都是没有这个资格的，因此可知，只有少数部分人能获得他的手表。故选C项。 D (2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷03））Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? 36 Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. 37 They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 38 Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse the birds. 39 The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground. 40 Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. A．This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. B．People are trying to solve the problem. C．These birds have no idea what glass is. D．As a result, they fly right into the glass. E．The answer is glass. 【答案】36．E 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤，这是许多鸟从一个地方飞到另一个地方。大多数时候，它们生活在野外，如森林和湿地。它们不知道玻璃是什么，它们可能会看到窗户里的小树和小花，想在这些植物上休息，它们直接飞入玻璃。 36．根据上文“Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings.Why does this happen？(每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤。为什么会发生这种情况？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的问题，说的是每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤，结合选项和下文讲述的窗户上的玻璃，应说答案是玻璃。E选项“答案是玻璃”符合语境，故选E。 37．根据上文“Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild，such as forests and wetlands. (许多鸟从一个地方飞到另一个地方。大多数时候，它们生活在野外，如森林和湿地)”和下文“They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. (它们可能会看到窗户里的小树和小花，想在这些植物上休息)”可知，说的是生活在野外，如森林和湿地里的鸟，结合选项，应说这些鸟不知道玻璃是什么。C选项“这些鸟不知道玻璃是什么”符合语境，故选C。 38．根据上文“The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. (鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃)”可知说的是鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃，结合选项，应说结果，它们直接飞入玻璃。D选项“结果，它们直接飞到玻璃上”符合语境。故选D。 39．根据上文“Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse the birds. (有些鸟在晚上飞行。他们利用月亮和星星来帮助他们朝着正确的方向前进。夜间开灯的高楼会把鸟弄糊涂)”可知说的是夜间开灯的高楼会把鸟弄糊涂，结合选项，应说这是一个大问题，尤其是在雾天和雨夜。A选项“这是个大问题，尤其是在有雾和下雨的夜晚”符合语境，故选A。 40．根据下文“Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. (许多办公楼现在晚上都关灯。这有助于减少飞入建筑物的鸟类数量，也有助于节约能源)”可知说的是人类做出的措施，结合选项，应说人们正在努力解决这个问题。B选项“人们正在努力解决这个问题”符合语境，故选B。 二、完形填空 （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）The king of Kamera in Africa was a proud and cruel man. His men ___41___ him and immediately carried out his orders. But one day when he was saying proudly that all men were his servants, a ___42___ old man called Boukabar criticized (批评) him, saying, “All men are ___43___ of one another.” “So I am your servant, am I?” said the king very ___44___. “Then prove it. Force me to work for you before sunset, and I will ___45___ you a hundred cows. If you ___46___, I will kill you.” “Very well,” said Boukabar. Being a very old man, he had to use a stick for ___47___. Just as he took it up and was about to go out, a beggar came to the door. “Allow me,” said Boukabar, “to give this ___48___ man something to eat.” Taking some food in both hands, Boukabar tottered (蹒跚) past the king. His stick ___49___ from under his arm and got ___50___ on his clothes, and nearly tripped (绊倒) him up. He cried to the king, “Please pick up the stick or I shall fall.” The king picked it up without thinking, and Boukabar then laughed ___51___and said, “You see all ___52___ men are servants of one another. I am serving the ___53___ and you are serving me. But I do not want the ___54___. Give them to the poor.” The king did so, and took Boukabar as his chief ___55___. 41. A. liked B. feared C. avoided D. doubted 42. A. wise B. common C. strict D. polite 43. A. rulers B. servants C. workers D. students 44. A. happily B. hurriedly C. angrily D. hopefully 45. A. find B. give C. show D. lend 46. A. argue B. finish C. fail D. agree 47. A. walking B. fighting C. talking D. climbing 48. A. funny B. clever C. brave D. poor 49. A. jumped B. rose C. fell D. appeared 50. A. broken B. hurt C. taken D. caught 51. A. merrily B. bitterly C. secretly D. openly 52. A. rich B. foolish C. old D. good 53. A. waiter B. beggar C. king D. soldier 54. A. sticks B. money C. cows D. food 55. A. advisor B. king C. cook D. designer 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位老人通过展示自己的智慧得到了国王的认可，并被国王视为他的首席顾问。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的部下害怕他，就立刻执行他的命令。A. liked喜欢；B. feared 害怕；C. avoided避免；D. doubted 怀疑。根据上文“cruel man”可知，他很残忍，所以他的部下害怕他。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当他骄傲地说所有的人都是他的仆人时，一位名叫布卡巴尔的智慧老人批评他说:“所有的人都是彼此的仆人。”A. wise聪明的；明智的；B. common普通的；C. strict严格的；D. polite有礼貌的。通过下文的故事，我们知道这个老人通过自己的智慧让国王认可了他，所以他是个聪明的人。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当他骄傲地说所有的人都是他的仆人时，一位名叫布卡巴尔的智慧老人批评他说:“所有的人都是彼此的仆人。”A. rulers统治者；B. servants仆人；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据第二段的句子“So I am your servant, am I? （我是你的仆人，是吗?）”可知，老人认为所有人都是相互的仆人（相互服务）。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我是你的仆人，是吗?”国王生气地说。A. happily快乐地；B. hurriedly匆匆；C. angrily愤怒地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据第二段的句子“So I am your servant, am I? （我是你的仆人，是吗?）”可知，老人认为国王也是他的仆人，国王当然很生气。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：强迫我在日落之前为你干活，我就给你一百头牛。A. find查找；B. give 给予；C. show展示；D. lend 借出。根据倒数第二段的句子“But I do not want the 　　　　　　. Give them to the poor.”可知，国王是许诺给老人一百头牛。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你做不到，我就杀了你。A. argue争论；B. finish完成；C. fail失败；D. agree同意。根据句中的“I will kill you”可知，作为对赌的条件，如果老人失败了，国王就会杀了他。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于年事已高，他走路必须拄拐杖。A. walking步行；B. fighting战斗；C. talking谈话；D. climbing攀登。因为这是一位很老的人（very old man），所以他用拐杖（stick）肯定是为了走路。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“请允许我，”布卡巴尔说，“给这个可怜的人一些吃的。”A. funny有趣的；B. clever聪明的；C. brave勇敢的；D. poor可怜的。根据上文的“...a beggar came to the door（一个乞丐来到门口 ）”可知，那是一个乞丐，是个可怜的人。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的拐杖从他的胳膊下掉了下来，挂到他的衣服上，差点把他绊倒。A. jumped跳；B. rose升起；C. fell落下；D. appeared出现。根据下文的“Please pick up the stick or I shall fall.（请把拐杖捡起来，不然我就摔倒了。）”可知，他的拐杖掉了。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的拐杖从他的胳膊下掉了下来，挂到他的衣服上，差点把他绊倒。A. broken打破；B. hurt伤害；C. taken采取；D. caught抓住。根据下文的“nearly tripped him up（差点绊倒他）”可知，拐杖掉了后挂住了衣服才差点绊倒他，所以用短语get caught on(抓住；挂住)。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：国王不假思索地把它捡起来，然后布卡巴尔高兴地笑了。A. merrily愉快地；B. bitterly痛苦地；C. secretly暗地里；D. openly公开地。根据上文的“The king picked it up without thinking（国王不假思索地把它捡了起来）”可知，老人证明了国王也是他的仆人，所以高兴地笑了。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你看，所有的好人都是彼此的仆人。A. rich富有的；B. foolish愚蠢的；C. old旧的；D. good好的。根据上文的“The king picked it up without thinking（国王不假思索地把它捡了起来）”可知，老人想告诉国王像他一样所有的好人都是彼此的仆人。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在为乞丐服务，你在为我服务。A. waiter服务员；B. beggar乞丐；C. king国王；D. soldier士兵。根据上文的“‘Allow me,’ said Boukabar, ‘to give this 　　　　　　 man something to eat.’ （‘请允许我，’布卡巴尔说，‘给这个可怜的人一些吃的。’）”可知，老人给乞丐送吃的，老人在为乞丐服务。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不想要那些牛。A. sticks棍子；B. money钱；C. cows牛；D. food食物。根据第二段的“I will 　　　　　　 you a hundred cows.（我就给你一百头牛）”可知，老人并不想要那些牛，想把它们给穷人。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：国王这样做了，并把布卡巴尔视为他的首席顾问。A. advisor顾问；B. king国王；C. cook烹调；D. designer设计师。根据上文的“The King did so（国王也照做了）”可知，国王兑现了承诺，也就承认了老人的智慧，所以把老人视为他的首席顾问。故选A项。 三、语法填空 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷01））Yiwu, a city in Zhejiang Province, China, is known as the world’s capital of small goods. Every year, it draws 56 (count) tourists and businessmen from across the world. The city boasts big markets 57 (fill) with an incredible variety of goods, making it a unique spot for both trade and tourism. Nowadays, Yiwu 58 (grow)more and more popular among young travelers. They 59 (attract) not only by its commercial(商业的)opportunities but also by its rich culture and lifestyle. The international trade market stands out 60 the most eye-catching attraction, supplying small goods to the world. It’s divided into five zones with a 3-kilometer walk separating them, 61 visitors often choose taxis or buses. Yiwu is also a melting pot of cultures, 62 (host) over 12,000 foreign businessmen from five continents. They live and work alongside locals, sharing daily activities like shopping, transportation, and social events. The city’s different food scene 63 (mirror) its international population, offering cuisines from India, Italy, Pakistan, Yemen, Egypt, and more. Nearby, Hengdian World Studios in Dongyang is another must-visit. With over 2,000 film sets copying historical and modern scenes, the 5A-rated attraction lets visitors experience the past through film sets. Small yet 64 (global) connected, Yiwu combines business innovation(创新)with cultural fusion(融合)— a unique mixture 65 deals and discoveries coexist in China’s commercial heartland. 【答案】 56．countless 57．filled 58．is growing 59．are attracted 60．as 61．so 62．hosting 63．mirrors 64．globally 65．where 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国浙江省的义乌市，它被誉为“世界小商品之都”，不仅吸引着全球的游客和商人，还融合了商业创新与多元文化，是兼具贸易与旅游价值的独特城市。 56．考查形容词。句意：每年，它吸引着来自世界各地的无数游客和商人。此处应填入形容词修饰名词tourists和businessmen作定语，表示“无数的”，应用countless，故填countless。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座城市拥有大型市场，里面摆满了各种各样的商品，使其成为贸易和旅游的独特地点。此处应填入非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词markets，fill与markets之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填filled。 58．考查时态。句意：如今，义乌在年轻旅行者中越来越受欢迎。根据时间状语Nowadays可知，句子描述的是现在正在发生的情况，应用现在进行时，主语Yiwu是单数，be动词用is，故填is growing。 59．考查被动语态。句意：他们不仅被它的商业机会所吸引，还被它丰富的文化和生活方式所吸引。此处应填入谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语They与attract之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语They是复数，be动词用are，故填are attracted。 60．考查介词。句意：国际贸易市场是最引人注目的景点，向世界供应小商品。stand out as为固定短语，含义为“作为……而突出”，故填as。 61．考查连词。句意：它被分成五个区域，相距3公里，所以游客经常选择出租车或公共汽车。根据上文“It’s divided into five zones with a 3-kilometer walk separating them(它被分成五个区域，相距3公里)”以及下文“visitors often choose taxis or buses(游客经常选择出租车或公共汽车)”可知，前后两个句子之间是因果关系，前因后果，应用so连接，故填so。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：义乌也是一个文化大熔炉，有来自五大洲的12000多名外国商人。此处应填入非谓语动词作状语，host与Yiwu之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填hosting。 63．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这座城市不同的美食场景反映了其国际化的人口，提供来自印度、意大利、巴基斯坦、也门、埃及等地的美食。此处应填入谓语动词，根据语境可知，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语scene是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填mirrors。 64．考查副词。句意：义乌虽小，但与全球相连，将商业创新与文化融合相结合——在中国商业中心，交易和发现共存的独特组合。此处应填入副词修饰形容词connected作状语，表示“全球地”，应用globally，故填globally。 65．考查定语从句。句意同上。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，修饰先行词mixture，引导词在从句中作状语表示地点，表示“在这个独特组合中”，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 四、应用文写作 （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷(一)英语）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说对你校课后服务课程很感兴趣，请你给他写一封回信。 内容包括：(1)本学期开设的三门课程：Calligraphy(书法)，Martial Art(武术)，Vegetable-planting; (2)你选择的其中一门课程及其开课情况(如上课时间、地点等); (3)你选择这门课程的原因。 注意：1. 词数90左右； 2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数； 3. 可以适当增加细节，并将开头和结尾抄写在答题卡上，以使行文连贯。 Dear John， Knowing that you’re interested in optional courses in our school, I’m writing to tell you something about them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【答案】Dear John, Knowing that you’re interested in optional courses in our school, I’m writing to tell you something about them. This term, our school offers three courses: Calligraphy, Martial Art and Vegetable-planting. They are all popular among students. I chose Calligraphy. It is held every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon in the art room. Our teacher is an experienced calligrapher who teaches us basic brush techniques and how to write different styles of characters. I picked Calligraphy because I’ve always been interested in Chinese traditional culture. Through this course, I can not only improve my writing skills but also learn more about the history behind Chinese characters. What do you think of these courses? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友John写一封回信，介绍本学期学校开设的课后服务课程、自己所选课程及其开课情况，并说明选择原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供：offer → provide 受欢迎的：popular → well-received 选择：choose → select 有经验的：experienced → seasoned 1.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I chose Calligraphy. 拓展句：It was Calligraphy that I chose. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our teacher is an experienced calligrapher who teaches us basic brush techniques and how to write different styles of characters.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I picked Calligraphy because I’ve always been interested in Chinese traditional culture.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $