Unit4 Going green （知识清单）-2026-2027学年冀教版（三起）英语六年级上册

冀教版六年级上册英语 Unit 4 Going green 知识清单 （一般将来时 · should表建议 · 环保话题） 一、本单元单词 1.环保和与地球相关的名词 单词 中文意思 earth 地球 temperature 温度；气温 degree 度；度数 change 变化；改变 plant 植物；种植 animal 动物 doctor 医生 life 生活；生命 reduce 减量化；减少使用 reuse 再利用；重复使用 recycle 再循环；回收利用 paper 纸 shopping bag 购物袋 bottle 瓶子 glass 玻璃 plastic 塑料 forest 森林 grassland 草原 wasteland 荒地 forester 林业工作者 tree 树 air 空气 water 水 energy 能源；能量 pollution 污染 bin 垃圾桶；箱子 tap 水龙头 shower 淋浴 light 灯；光线 bike 自行车 2. 其他核心单词 单词 中文意思 heat 加热；变热 ill 生病的 go up 上升；增长 disappear 消失；不见 protect 保护 simply 简单地；仅仅 mean 意思是；意味着 less 更少的 side 面；边 share 分享；共用 large 大的；巨大的 man-made 人造的 beautiful 美丽的 low 低的 strong 强的；强壮的 difficult 困难的 young 年轻的；幼小的 die 死；死亡 never 从不；绝不 luckily 幸运地 grow 生长；成长 tall 高的 clean 干净的；打扫 save 节约；拯救 turn off 关掉；关闭 brush 刷；刷子 buy 买；购买 need 需要 sort 分类；整理 二、本单元短语 英文短语 中文意思 heat up 变暖；加热 go up 上升；增长 go through big changes 经历巨大变化 live a green life 过绿色生活 reduce, reuse, recycle 减量化、再利用、再循环 use less of things 少用东西 use things many times 多次使用东西 make things into something else 把东西变成其他东西 shopping bags 购物袋 share books with friends 和朋友分享书 man-made forest 人工林 in the north of 在……的北部 all over China 全中国 start to plant trees 开始种树 give up 放弃 work hard 努力工作 year after year 年复一年 try new ways 尝试新方法 take care of 照顾；照料 grow into tall trees 长成大树 protect the earth 保护地球 start with small things 从小事做起 keep the air clean 保持空气清洁 ride a bike 骑自行车 take a bus 乘公交车 walk to school 步行上学 use both sides of the paper 纸的两面都用 plant more trees and flowers 多种树和花 save water and energy 节约用水和能源 turn off the tap 关掉水龙头 brush teeth 刷牙 turn off the lights 关灯 take a shorter shower 缩短淋浴时间 cut waste pollution 减少废物污染 sort waste 给垃圾分类 put it in the right bin 放进正确的垃圾桶 reuse and recycle paper and plastic 重复使用和回收纸和塑料 三、核心句型 1. 谈论地球环境问题（一般将来时） • The earth is heating up. 地球正在变暖。 • Is the earth ill? 地球生病了吗？ • In the next hundred years, the temperature of the earth may go up about six degrees. 在未来一百年里，地球的温度可能会上升大约六度。 • The earth will go through big changes. 地球将经历巨大的变化。 • Some plants and animals will disappear. 一些植物和动物将会消失。 • Will it be hard for people to grow food? 人们种植粮食会变得困难吗？ 2. 解释环保概念（减量化、再利用、再循环） • How can we live a green life? 我们怎样才能过绿色生活？ • Simply remember "Reduce, Reuse and Recycle". 只要记住"减量化、再利用、再循环"。 • What's "Reduce"? 什么是"减量化"？ • It means "use less of things". 它的意思是"少用东西"。 • What's "Reuse"? 什么是"再利用"？ • It means "use things many times". 它的意思是"多次使用东西"。 • What's "Recycle"? 什么是"再循环"？ • It means "make things into something else that we can use again". 它的意思是"把东西变成我们可以再次使用的其他东西"。 3. 塞罕坝精神（过去时叙事） • Saihanba is in the north of Hebei Province. 塞罕坝在河北省北部。 • In the 1950s, it was a wasteland. 在20世纪50年代，它是一片荒地。 • In 1962, 369 people from all over China came to Saihanba. 1962年，来自中国各地的369人来到塞罕坝。 • They became the first foresters and started to plant trees there. 他们成为了第一批林业工作者，开始在那里种树。 • The foresters never gave up. 林业工作者们从未放弃。 • They worked hard year after year. 他们年复一年地努力工作。 • The young trees grew into tall trees and became green forests. 小树长成了大树，变成了绿色的森林。 4. 环保小建议（情态动词与祈使句） • We all live on the earth. It's our only home. 我们都生活在地球上。它是我们唯一的家园。 • Let's protect it. We can start with small things. 让我们保护它。我们可以从小事做起。 • We should turn off the lights when we're not using them. 不用灯时我们应该关灯。 • We should always remember to turn off the tap while brushing our teeth. 我们应该永远记住刷牙时关掉水龙头。 • Ride a bike, take a bus or walk to school. 骑自行车、坐公交或步行上学。 • Use both sides of the paper. 纸的两面都要用。 • Sort waste and put it in the right bin. 给垃圾分类，放进正确的垃圾桶。 四、语法小结 语法一：一般将来时（情态动词加动词原形） 【概念】 will + 动词原形，表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。常和tomorrow, next year, in the future等时间状语连用。 【肯定句】 • 主语 + will + 动词原形 例：The earth will go through big changes. 地球将经历巨大的变化。 例：Some plants and animals will disappear. 一些植物和动物将会消失。 【否定句】 • 主语 + will not (won't) + 动词原形 例：People won't live on the moon. 人们不会住在月球上。 【疑问句】 • Will + 主语 + 动词原形? 例：Will it be hard for people to grow food? 人们种植粮食会变得困难吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, it will. / 否定回答：No, it won't. 语法二：情态动词表建议（复习巩固） 【用法】 should 是情态动词，表示"应该"，后面接动词原形，用来提建议或劝告。 【例句】 • We should turn off the lights. 我们应该关灯。 • You should sort the waste. 你应该给垃圾分类。 • We should protect the earth. 我们应该保护地球。 【否定形式】shouldn't = should not • We shouldn't waste water. 我们不应该浪费水。 语法三：祈使句（表建议/指示/号召） 【用法】 祈使句以动词原形开头，表示请求、指示、命令或号召。Let's开头的祈使句表示"让我们……"。 【肯定祈使句】 • Let's protect the earth! 让我们保护地球吧！ • Let's start with small things. 让我们从小事做起。 • Turn off the tap. 关掉水龙头。 • Use both sides of the paper. 纸的两面都要用。 【否定祈使句】Don't + 动词原形 • Don't waste water. 不要浪费水。 • Don't throw rubbish on the ground. 不要把垃圾扔在地上。 语法四：解释含义句【用法】 It means... 用来解释某个词或概念的意思，后面接名词或从句。 【例句】 • It means "use less of things". 它的意思是"少用东西"。 • It means "use things many times". 它的意思是"多次使用东西"。 • What does "recycle" mean? It means "make things into something else". "回收"是什么意思？它的意思是"把东西变成其他东西"。 五、易混点辨析 1. 减量化与再利用与再循环（三R原则） • Reduce（减量化）：少用东西，从源头上减少浪费。 例：Don't take a plastic bag. Use your own bag. 不要用塑料袋，用你自己的袋子。 • Reuse（再利用）：东西用了一次还再用，重复使用。 例：Reuse your shopping bags. 重复使用购物袋。 • Recycle（再循环）：把废物回收加工，变成新东西再用。 例：Recycle bottles, paper and glass. 回收瓶子、纸和玻璃。 2. 打开与关闭 • turn on 打开（电器、水龙头等） 例：Turn on the light, please. 请开灯。 • turn off 关掉（电器、水龙头等） 例：Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. 刷牙时关掉水龙头。 3. 在树上的两种用法 • in the tree （外来的东西）在树上 例：There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 • on the tree （树本身长的东西）在树上 例：There are many apples on the tree. 树上有很多苹果。 4. 许多与非常 • a lot of + 名词，表示"许多……" 例：There are a lot of people in the park. 公园里有很多人。 • a lot 放在句末，表示"很；非常" 例：Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。 例：I learned a lot. 我学到了很多。 5. 太多的两种用法 • too many + 可数名词复数，表示"太多……" 例：There are too many cars on the road. 路上有太多车。 • too much + 不可数名词，表示"太多……" 例：Don't waste too much water. 不要浪费太多水。 六、小拓展 1. 垃圾分类小知识（四分类） 类别 英文 包含物品 可回收物 Recyclable Waste 纸、塑料瓶、玻璃、金属、旧衣物 厨余垃圾 Food Waste 剩菜剩饭、果皮、菜叶、蛋壳 有害垃圾 Hazardous Waste 电池、过期药品、油漆、灯管 其他垃圾 Residual Waste 烟头、卫生纸、渣土、一次性餐具 2. 日常环保小行动（环保小贴士） • Take shorter showers. 缩短淋浴时间。 • Turn off the lights when you leave a room. 离开房间时关灯。 • Use both sides of the paper. 纸的两面都用。 • Bring your own bag when shopping. 购物时自带袋子。 • Walk, bike or take the bus. 步行、骑车或坐公交。 • Plant more trees. 多种树。 • Sort your waste. 给垃圾分类。 • Don't throw rubbish everywhere. 不要乱扔垃圾。 3. 塞罕坝精神 • Saihanba is a large man-made forest in Hebei. 塞罕坝是河北的一个大型人工林。 • In the past, it was a wasteland. 过去，这里是一片荒地。 • The foresters worked hard and never gave up. 林业工作者们努力工作，从未放弃。 • Now it is a beautiful green forest. 现在它是一片美丽的绿色森林。 • 塞罕坝精神：牢记使命、艰苦创业、绿色发展！ 4. 为什么要环保？ • The earth is our only home. 地球是我们唯一的家园。 • The earth is heating up. 地球正在变暖。 • Some plants and animals will disappear. 一些植物和动物将会消失。 • We need to protect the environment. 我们需要保护环境。 • Small actions can make a big difference. 小小的行动能带来大大的改变。 七、单元自测练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空（每小题2分，共20分） 1. The earth __________ (heat) up now. 2. Some plants and animals __________ (disappear) in the future. 3. We should __________ (protect) the earth. 4. It __________ (mean) "use less of things". 5. We can reuse our __________ (shop) bags. 6. Saihanba is a large man-made __________ (forest). 7. The foresters never __________ (give) up. 8. We should turn off the lights when we __________ (not use) them. 9. There are many things we can __________ (recycle). 10. Let's __________ (start) with small things. 二、单项选择（每小题2分，共20分） 1. —What does "reduce" mean? —It means ______ things. A. use more B. use less C. use many D. use all 2. We ______ protect the earth. It's our only home. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't D. don't 3. The earth ______ through big changes in the future. A. go B. goes C. will go D. went 4. We should turn ______ the tap when we brush our teeth. A. on B. off C. up D. down 5. —What can we do to live a green life? —We can ______ both sides of the paper. A. use B. uses C. using D. used 6. "Reuse" means use things ______. A. one time B. many times C. no time D. once 7. We should sort waste and put it in the ______ bin. A. wrong B. right C. red D. blue 8. Saihanba was a ______ in the past. A. forest B. grassland C. wasteland D. park 9. The foresters worked hard and never ______. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave out D. gave back 10. Let's ______ the earth together. A. protect B. protects C. protecting D. protected 三、按要求改写句子（每小题3分，共15分） 1. The earth will go through big changes.（改为否定句） The earth ______ ______ through big changes. 2. We should turn off the lights.（改为一般疑问句） ______ we ______ off the lights? 3. It means "use less of things".（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ it ______? 4. We can reuse our shopping bags.（改为同义句） We can use our shopping bags ______ ______. 5. The earth is an important home.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ important home the earth is! 四、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分） The earth is our home. But now the earth is getting warmer and warmer. The weather is changing. Some animals and plants are in danger. What can we do to help? We can remember the 3Rs: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Reduce means use less. We should turn off the lights when we leave the room. We should take shorter showers. Reuse means use things many times. We can reuse shopping bags. We can give old clothes to people in need. Recycle means make old things into new things. We can recycle paper, bottles and glass. Small actions can make a big difference. Let's start with small things! 1. What is happening to the earth? A. It is getting bigger. B. It is getting warmer. C. It is getting smaller. D. It is getting older. 2. How many Rs are there? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What does "reduce" mean? A. Use more. B. Use less. C. Use again. D. Use up. 4. Which one is "reuse"? A. Turn off the lights. B. Take shorter showers. C. Reuse shopping bags. D. Recycle paper. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The earth is big. B. We should protect the earth. C. Animals are in danger. D. Shopping bags are useful. 参考答案 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. is heating 2. will disappear 3. protect 4. means 5. shopping 6. forest 7. gave 8. aren't using 9. recycle 10. start 二、单项选择 1-5: B A C B A 6-10: B B C A A 三、按要求改写句子 1. won't go 2. Should; turn 3. What does; mean 4. many times 5. What an 四、阅读理解 1-5: B B B C B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $