精品解析：上海复旦大学附属中学2026-2027学年第一学期高三年级英语学科10月阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2026学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科10月阶段性教学质量评估试卷 （完卷时间：105分钟 满分：115分） 2026年10月 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How Scientists Uncovered the Cause of a Devastating Flood On 26 August, a devastating flood swept along the Lhende Khola River on the Nepal-Tibet border. Scientists around the world began to investigate its cause. Early information released by the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicated the event was a magnitude 4.4 earthquake, which might have shaken rock and ice loose in a landslide that sparked the flood. A dam break was also considered a possibility. But Kristen Cook, who has been conducting research on the Lhende Khola, downloaded publicly available seismic (地震的) data from a Nepali station ____1____ (locate) north of Kathmandu to see for herself. ____2____ ___3___ the quick, intense seismic jolt (震动) typical of an earthquake, the data showed low-frequency, long-period waves characteristic of continuous shaking: a giant landslide, which ____4____ generated the seismic signal. On the opposite side of the Atlantic Ocean, Göran Ekström was using data from the Global Seismographic Network to come to the same conclusion. He found that a ____5____ (accurate) magnitude was 5.7 — equal to a significant earthquake. Satellite imagery later provided the next useful observations. But there was a problem: In the few available images of the mountains ____6____ the seismic signal originated, clouds blocked the view. ____7____ could be clearly seen was a sharp edge where a glacier that blanketed the mountain had snapped off. The imagery soon led to reports that the explanation was a glacial collapse. But Ekström was not convinced. He ran calculations of how much falling mass was needed ____8____ (create) the magnitude 5-plus seismic signal. The answer was hundreds of millions of tons — far more than contained in the glacier alone. At the same time, cryosphere (冰冻圈) scientists calculated the energy that should have been released when the glacier collapsed. The energy was only enough to melt a small fraction of the ice. The mystery could not be fully resolved ____9____ cloud-free satellite imagery arrived. The new images made the underlying mountain visible and revealed that a huge rock landslide ____10____ (indeed occur). The evidence showed that the flood was caused not by an earthquake or the glacier alone, but by a massive rock landslide ____11____ (carry) the glacier into the valley below. 【答案】1. located 2. Rather 3. than 4. itself 5. more accurate 6. where 7. What 8. to create 9. until 10. had indeed occurred 11. carrying 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍科学家们通过地震数据、卫星图像等手段，逐步揭开尼泊尔—西藏边境Lhende Khola河特大洪水真正成因的过程。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但是一直研究Lhende Khola河的Kristen Cook从加德满都以北的一个尼泊尔台站下载了公开可用的地震数据，亲自查看。主句已有谓语动词downloaded，空处用非谓语动词，station与locate之间为被动关系，用过去分词located作后置定语。 【2题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：与典型地震那种快速、强烈的震动不同，数据显示的是低频、长周期波——这是持续摇晃的特征：一场巨大的山体滑坡实际上产生了该地震信号。下文“the data showed low-frequency, long-period waves”与上文“the quick, intense seismic jolt typical of an earthquake”构成对比，rather than表示“而不是”，符合上下文对比逻辑。 【3题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：与典型地震那种快速、强烈的震动不同，数据显示的是低频、长周期波——这是持续摇晃的特征：一场巨大的山体滑坡实际上产生了该地震信号。下文“the data showed low-frequency, long-period waves”与上文“the quick, intense seismic jolt typical of an earthquake”构成对比，rather than表示“而不是”，符合上下文对比逻辑。 【4题详解】 考查代词。句意：与典型地震那种快速、强烈的震动不同，数据显示的是低频、长周期波——这是持续摇晃的特征：一场巨大的山体滑坡本身产生了该地震信号。此处指代先行词a giant landslide，作同位语加强语气，表达“山体滑坡本身”要用反身代词itself。 【5题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他发现更准确的震级是5.7——相当于一次显著地震。根据上文美国地质调查局最初报告为4.4级，此处Ekström修正后的震级5.7更准确，暗含与之前4.4级的比较，用比较级more accurate。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但问题是：在少数可用的、能看到地震信号发源处的山脉的图像中，云层遮挡了视线。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词mountains在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。 【7题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：能被清楚看到的是一道锋利的边缘，覆盖山体的冰川就在那里断裂了。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指”能被看到的东西“，用连接代词what引导，位于句首首字母大写。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他计算了需要多少崩塌物质量才能产生5级以上的地震信号。固定搭配be needed to do sth表示“被需要来做某事”，不定式to create表目的。 【9题详解】 考查状语从句连词。句意：直到无云的卫星图像出现，这个谜团才被完全解开。固定结构not...until表示“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句。故填until。 【10题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：新图像让下方山体清晰可见，并揭示一场巨大的岩石山体滑坡确实发生了。宾语从句中“滑坡发生”发生在主句谓语revealed（过去时）之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had indeed occurred。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：证据表明，洪水不是由地震或冰川单独造成的，而是由一场巨大的岩石山体滑坡造成的，这场滑坡将冰川带入了下方山谷。landslide与carry之间为主动关系，用现在分词carrying作后置定语修饰landslide。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. gains B. excess C. mounted D. distinction E. continual F. correspondingly G. pooling H. stretches I. downsides J. likening K. respectively Prolonged sitting rightly has a bad reputation. A review in 2012 concluded that the most sedentary were more than twice as likely as the least to have diabetes, and also faced a much higher risk of premature death. Another, in 2015, found that sitting for long ____12____ was associated with “harmful health outcomes regardless of physical activity”. Three years after that, an analysis of news articles in a British journal found hundreds of pieces which referred to claims ____13____ sitting to smoking, though that is considered overblown. Hence the appeal of standing desks and, more recently, “active seats”: chairs and stools that tilt, wobble or rock to force ____14____ postural adjustments. Is either actually healthier? An analysis in 2018 found standing at a desk burned just nine more calories per hour than sitting. Nor are the cardiovascular (心血管的)____15____ impressive. A review in 2020 mentioned nine trials involving 877 people. Participants stood about 1.3 hours more a day and were followed for roughly four months. Body fat and blood-sugar control improved slightly, but blood pressure, insulin, and cholesterol did not. Furthermore, standing is not without its ____16____. Those who stood for more than two hours a day had a higher risk of varicose veins (静脉曲张), perhaps because of ____17____ of blood in the legs. What matters far more is movement. A study of nearly 482,000 adults in 2024 found that just 15-30 minutes of extra daily exercise could erase most of the ____18____ mortality (死亡) risk associated with sitting at work. Desk-bound workers may therefore wonder if active seating can make a difference. Some findings are encouraging. In a trial at Georgia Southern University, 20 adults performed reading and typing tasks on an ordinary chair, an exercise ball and a seat ____19____ on top of an inflatable bladder (充气囊). Energy expenditure on the ball was similar to normal sitting. But on the bladder, participants’ heart rates and calorie burn rose by 6-13% and 19-40% ____20____. In the end, there does seem to be a lesson here: the real _____21_____ is not between sitting and standing, but between remaining still and moving. 【答案】12. H 13. J 14. E 15. A 16. I 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. K 21. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍久坐对健康的危害，讨论站立桌、动态座椅是否真的有益于健康，对比站立带来的利弊，指出真正关键不在于坐与站的区别，而是保持静止还是活动。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：2015年另一项研究发现，长时间久坐与“有害健康后果相关，无论是否进行体育锻炼”。结合下文“was associated with ‘harmful health outcomes regardless of physical activity’”可知，此处表示“（连续的）一段时间”，选用stretches。固定搭配long stretches表示长时间，此处用名词复数stretches作宾语。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：三年后，英国期刊对新闻文章的分析发现，数百篇文章提到把久坐比作吸烟的说法，尽管该说法被认为夸大其词。结合下文“sitting to smoking”可知，此处表示“把……比作”，选用likening。固定搭配liken A to B表示把A比作B，此处现在分词作后置定语，用likening。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此站立桌，以及近年 “动态座椅” 受到青睐：这类椅子凳子可倾斜、摇晃，迫使人们持续调整姿势。结合下文“postural adjustments”可知，此处表示“持续的”，选用continual。形容词continual修饰名词短语postural adjustments。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：心血管方面的益处也并不突出。结合下文“Body fat and blood-sugar control improved slightly”可知，此处表示“益处，收获”，选用gains。名词gains作主语。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，站立并非没有弊端。结合下文“Those who stood for more than two hours a day had a higher risk of varicose veins”可知，此处表示“弊端、不利之处”，选用downsides。固定搭配be not without its downsides 表示并非没有弊端。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：每天站立超过两小时的人患静脉曲张风险更高，或许是因为腿部血液淤积。结合上文“varicose veins”可知，此处表示“过量，堆积”，选用pooling。pooling of blood指“血液淤积”。 【18题详解】 考查形容词化的过去分词。句意：2024年，一项针对近482000名成年人的研究发现，每天只需额外运动15-30分钟，就可以消除与坐着工作相关的大部分额外死亡风险。结合下文“mortality risk”可知，此处表示“上升的、增加的”，选用excess。excess mortality risk指“额外的死亡风险”。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在佐治亚南方大学的一项试验中，20名成年人在一把普通椅子、一个健身球和一个安装在充气气囊顶部的座位上进行阅读和打字任务。结合下文“on top of an inflatable bladder”可知，此处表示“安装的”，选用mounted，mounted on top of an inflatable bladder表示“安装在充气囊上方的”，形容词化的过去分词作后置定语。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：但在充气囊座椅上，受试者心率提升6%-13%，卡路里消耗分别上升19%-40%。结合上文两个并列数据可知，此处表示“分别”，选用respectively。副词respectively修饰整句。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：归根结底，这里蕴含一个道理：真正的区别不在于坐和站，而在于静止不动和活动身体。结合下文“is not between sitting and standing, but between remaining still and moving”可知，此处表示“差别，区分”，选用distinction。名词distinction 作句子主语。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The prioritization problem Work is a series of decisions about what to prioritize. Occasionally, events set the agenda. But ____22____, managers must weigh up for themselves how to allocate capital, decide which initiatives to ____23____ and work out which numbers matter most. And day by day, hour by hour, individuals have to work out how to spend their next chunk of time. It’s a shame, then, that people often fail at setting priorities. Individuals seem to be so motivated by achieving goals of any kind that they find it hard to ____24____ them. In one lab experiment, Timothy Ballard of the University of Queensland and his co-authors asked participants to pursue two competing goals, and ____25____ the monetary rewards on offer. Even when the reward for achieving one goal was equal to that for achieving both, participants still tried to get both done. When people have to make a choice about what to do next, they often pick the thing that seems ____26____, even if that is not in their interests. A paper by Moty Amar of the Ono Academic College and his co-authors found that indebted consumers ____27____ paying off small debts over larger debts with higher interest rates. A tangible sense of progress was more important to them than the ____28____ choice. Organizations, or rather the people who run them, are ____29____ much better. Many firms accumulate so many priorities that they suffer the “peanut-butter problem” of attention and resources being spread too ____30____ across all of them. When Niels Christiansen, chief executive of Lego, took charge of the toy-maker, he found lots of examples of this. “We had 100 key enterprise risks. If you try to manage 100 distinct risks at once, none will get ____31____ attention.” All sorts of ____32____ exist to enable better prioritization. The Eisenhower matrix is a classic time-management technique for individuals, which involves ____33____ tasks into quadrants. An urgent and important task belongs at the top of the queue. An important and non-urgent task is the sort that you need to ____34____. If you are doing non-urgent and unimportant tasks, you need to take a long hard look in the mirror. Product teams often use a scoring model called RICE (reach, impact, confidence and effort). MoSCoW is a framework for teams to distinguish between ____35____, should-have, could-have and won’t-have features. In essence, the widespread failure of prioritization lies not in lacking tools, but in people’s universal cognitive ____36____. 22. A. frequently B. normally C. necessarily D. accidentally 23. A. concentrate on B. count on C. carry on D. capitalize on 24. A. fulfill B. reset C. resist D. abandon 25. A. viewed B. removed C. varied D. raised 26. A. achievable B. manageable C. accessible D. flexible 27. A. favored B. selected C. prioritized D. advanced 28. A. conventional B. ideal C. realistic D. rational 29. A. not necessarily B. not merely C. not exactly D. not simply 30. A. randomly B. thinly C. evenly D. broadly 31. A. fair B. due C. full D. close 32. A. criteria B. principles C. frameworks D. conceptions 33. A. categorizing B. transforming C. integrating D. dividing 34. A. make allowance for B. make room for C. make way for D. make time for 35. A. must-have B. might-have C. would-have D. will-have 36. A. disorder B. shift C. bias D. pattern 【答案】22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了人们在工作与生活中常难以合理设定优先级，分析相关表现、误区并给出优化方法。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：但通常情况下，管理者必须自己权衡如何配置资本、决定重点推进哪些项目、并弄清哪些数字最重要。A. frequently频繁地；B. normally通常地；C. necessarily必要地；D. accidentally意外地。根据上文“Occasionally, events set the agenda”以及空前“But ”可知，空处表转折，与occasionally相对的是normally。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：但通常情况下，管理者必须自己权衡如何配置资本、决定重点推进哪些项目、并弄清哪些数字最重要。A. concentrate on集中精力于；B. count on依赖；C. carry on继续；D. capitalize on利用。根据空前“how to allocate capital”，空后“and work out which numbers matter most”以及“It’s a shame, then, that people often fail at setting priorities.”可知，空处表示“把资源集中到少数事上”，且全文主题是prioritization。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：人们似乎被完成各类目标的动力裹挟，很难舍弃部分目标。A. fulfill完成；B. reset重置；C. resist抵制；D. abandon放弃。根据下文“Even when the reward for achieving one goal was equal to that for achieving both, participants still tried to get both done.”可知，实验中受试者即便收益不变仍想完成两个目标，说明他们难以放弃目标。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：在一项实验室实验中，昆士兰大学的蒂莫西・巴拉德及其合著者要求受试者去完成两个相互冲突的目标，并调整所提供的金钱奖励。A. viewed观看；B. removed移除；C. varied调整、变化；D. raised提升。根据下文“Even when the reward for achieving one goal was equal to that for achieving both, participants still tried to get both done.”可知，实验中通过调整奖励变量来观测受试者行为，故奖励是被人为“调整变化”过的。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当人们必须决定下一步做什么时，往往选择看起来容易达成的事，即便那并不符合自身利益。A. achievable可实现的；B. manageable易应付的；C. accessible易获取的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“A paper by Moty Amar of the Ono Academic College and his co-authors found that indebted consumers ________ paying off small debts over larger debts with higher interest rates. A tangible sense of progress was more important to them than the ________ choice.”可知，人们倾向先偿还小额债务，对应选择更容易实现的事。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：小野学术学院的莫蒂・阿马尔及其合著者发表的一篇论文发现，负债的消费者会优先偿还小额债务，而不是利率更高的大额债务。A. favored偏爱、优先选择；B. selected挑选；C. prioritized优先处理；D. advanced推进。固定搭配prioritize A over B意为“把A置于B之前”，体现消费者在债务选择上的优先级偏向，且紧扣全文prioritization主题。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对他们而言，实实在在的进度感远比理性的最优选择更重要。A. conventional常规的；B. ideal理想的；C. realistic现实的；D. rational理性的。根据上文“A paper by Moty Amar of the Ono Academic College and his co-authors found that indebted consumers ________ paying off small debts over larger debts with higher interest rates.”可知，先还小额债、放着高息大额债不管，在经济上并不划算，故选择高息大额债务从财务角度是理性决策。 【29题详解】 考查副词短语。句意：组织或者说掌管它们的人，在这方面未必做得更好。A. not necessarily未必；B. not merely不仅仅；C. not exactly不完全；D. not simply不只是。根据下文“Many firms accumulate so many priorities that they suffer the “peanut-butter problem” of attention and resources being spread too ________ across all of them.”可知，企业也存在资源分配的问题，说明组织不一定比个体表现好。 【30题详解】 考查副词。句意：许多公司积累了太多优先事项，患上“花生酱问题”，注意力和资源被薄薄地摊开在所有事项上。A. randomly随机地；B. thinly稀薄地；C. evenly均匀地；D. broadly广泛地。“peanut-butter problem”比喻是一勺花生酱涂满整片面包，每处都只有极薄一层。spread too thinly意为“摊得太薄”，evenly是强干扰项，中文注释常出现“均匀涂抹”，但英文惯用搭配是thinly。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果你试图同时管控100个不同的风险，没有一个能得到应有的关注。A. fair公平的；B. due应得的、恰当的；C. full充分的；D. close紧密的。根据上文“Many firms accumulate so many priorities that they suffer the “peanut-butter problem” of attention”可知公司有太多优先事项，没有一个能得到更好的关注，固定搭配due attention意为“应有的重视，关注”，与“百项风险无一被真正管好”的语境吻合。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：各类框架的存在本可以帮助人们更好地完成优先级排序。A. criteria标准；B. principles原则；C. frameworks框架；D. conceptions概念。根据下文“The Eisenhower matrix is a classic time-management technique for individuals, which involves ________ tasks into quadrants.”以及“Product teams often use a scoring model called RICE (reach, impact, confidence and effort). MoSCoW is a framework for teams to distinguish between ________, should-have, could-have and won’t-have features.”可知，Eisenhower矩阵、RICE、MoSCoW都是优先级管理的框架工具。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：艾森豪威尔矩阵是经典时间管理方法，把任务划分到四个象限。 A. categorizing分类；B. transforming转变；C. integrating整合；D. dividing划分。根据后文“into quadrants”以及四类任务的不同性质可知，空处指按性质把任务分类。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：重要但不紧急的任务，正是你需要腾出时间去完成的事。A. make allowance for体谅；B. make room for为……留出空间；C. make way for为……让路；D. make time for为……腾出时间。根据上文“The Eisenhower matrix is a classic time-management technique for individuals, which involves _______ tasks into quadrants.”的时间管理方法，此类事务不紧急却重要，必须为这类任务预留时间。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：MoSCoW框架能帮助团队区分必须有、应该有、可以有和不会有的功能。A. must-have必须有；B. might-have可能有；C. would-have本会有；D. will-have将有。MoSCoW正是Must-have、 Should-have、 Could-have 与Won’t-have的首字母缩写，该框架的标准分类中，第一层级就是“必须具备”的功能。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：本质上，优先级排序的普遍失败并非源于缺少工具，而是源于人类共有的认知偏差。A. disorder紊乱；B. shift转变；C. bias偏差；D. pattern模式。根据上文“Individuals seem to be so motivated by achieving goals of any kind that they find it hard to ________ them.”和“When people have to make a choice about what to do next, they often pick the thing that seems ________, even if that is not in their interests.”以及“A tangible sense of progress was more important to them than the ________ choice.”可知，“舍不得放弃目标”“偏好易达成的事”“进展感压倒理性”都是系统性的认知偏误；cognitive bias为固定术语。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) To millions of museum visitors today, Yayoi Kusama is the “Polka-Dot Queen” — the Japanese artist whose mirror-lined rooms transform simple repeating patterns into breathtaking universes. Yet behind her colorful installations lies a deeply dramatic struggle. For Kusama, painting polka dots was never a mere stylistic choice, but a lifelong search for “self-obliteration” — a way to silence her inner fears by dissolving her identity into something much larger than herself. The story began in 1930 on her family’s seed farm in Matsumoto. As a young girl, Kusama suffered terrifying visual hallucinations. She would stare at a patterned tablecloth, only to watch in horror as the red flowers multiplied, spreading across the floor, climbing the walls, and threatening to swallow her whole. Kusama realized that drawing the overwhelming dots was her only survival mechanism: by capturing the terrifying visions on paper, she regained control over her world. But her conservative mother disapproved of her artistic dreams and repeatedly tore up her sketches. In 1958, Kusama took a leap into the unknown, moving to New York City with little money and virtually no English. In a cold, unheated studio, she channeled her obsessive visions into giant canvases (帆布) covered in millions of tiny repeated brushstrokes — a series she called Infinity Nets. She painted frantically for days without sleep, attempting to lose her fragile ego within the rhythmic repetition. Later, she expanded this vision beyond the canvas, covering furniture, objects, and human bodies with bright polka dots. She explained that when an individual is covered in dots, they cease to be a separate entity and return to the natural order of the universe. Although personal struggles led her to move voluntarily into a Tokyo psychiatric (精神科的) facility in 1977, her artistic obsession only deepened. Walking to her nearby studio every morning, she continued to construct her world-famous Infinity Mirror Rooms. In these darkened, mirrored spaces, visitors stand surrounded by endless points of light, experiencing the exact sensation Kusama felt decades ago: the boundary between the individual self and the universe fading away. Through her lifelong dedication, Kusama proved that even the deepest psychological shadows can be transformed into lasting art. 37. How did Kusama understand the concept of “self-obliteration”? A. A way to capture terror by dotting daily objects and human bodies. B. A strategy to regain control over her fears through artistic expression. C. A desire to calm inner fears through erasing one’s ego in artistic ways. D. An attempt to dissolve identity into a larger whole with dotted patterns. 38. What did Kusama realize as a young girl? A. Her artistic dreams could help her gain her mother’s support and approval. B. Drawing her disturbing visual experiences could serve as a coping mechanism. C. Her hallucinations were caused by the patterns she saw on her family’s farm. D. Creating repeating patterns could make her forget about her unhappy family life. 39. Which of the following works of art was most likely created by Kusama? A. A giant pumpkin sculpture covered with bright polka dots. B. A bright canvas covered with wild flowers in fading sunlight. C. A wooden carving showing a terrified person trapped in a net. D. A large painting depicting Japanese-style furniture and objects. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Art achieves its highest value when it helps artists face their inner fear. B. Mental health challenges naturally inspire artists to achieve greatness in life. C. Personal struggles and inner fears can be transformed into profound art. D. Early artistic dreams are essential for gaining recognition in modern art. 【答案】37. C 38. B 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了日本艺术家草间弥生的人生经历，她饱受幻觉带来的内心恐惧，通过圆点艺术进行自我消解，将内心的精神挣扎转化为震撼人心的艺术作品。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For Kusama, painting polka dots was never a mere stylistic choice, but a lifelong search for “self-obliteration” — a way to silence her inner fears by dissolving her identity into something much larger than herself.(对草间弥生而言，画圆点绝非单纯风格选择，而是一生对 “自我消解” 的追寻——将自身身份融入更宏大的事物，以此平息内心恐惧。)”可知，她理解的自我消解是用艺术方式消除自我，平复内心恐惧。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Kusama realized that drawing the overwhelming dots was her only survival mechanism: by capturing the terrifying visions on paper, she regained control over her world.(草间弥生意识到，画出这些令人难以承受的圆点是她唯一的自救方式：把可怕的幻象画在纸上，她重新掌控自己的世界。)”可知，她意识到描绘那些令人不安的视觉幻象可以作为应对的办法。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Later, she expanded this vision beyond the canvas, covering furniture, objects, and human bodies with bright polka dots.(后来，她把创作拓展到画布之外，在家具、物品和人体上都布满鲜亮的圆点。)”可知，布满鲜亮圆点的巨型南瓜雕塑最符合她的作品风格。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Through her lifelong dedication, Kusama proved that even the deepest psychological shadows can be transformed into lasting art.(凭借毕生投入，草间弥生证明，哪怕最深重的心理阴影，也可以转化为不朽的艺术。)”可知，文章主旨是个人磨难与内心恐惧可以转化为深刻的艺术。 (B) Amaze Yourself, Amaze the World A job at Apple is unlike any other you’ve had. You’ll be challenged. You’ll be inspired. And you’ll be proud. Because whatever your job is here, you’ll be part of something big. Every detail matters. Every piece of packaging. Every swipe of the finger. Every “How can I help you?” Everything. And it doesn’t matter just some of the time. It matters all of the time. That’s how we do things at Apple. The result is some of the best-loved products in the world. Simplicity isn’t simple. Ask anyone here. It’s hard work. It means forever asking, “Why is it this way?” and “How can it be better?” It means rethinking every customer experience until the clutter has fallen away — until all that remains is what’s essential, useful and beautiful. That might be a new product feature that delights even die-hard fans. It might be a customer support call, or even a display in an Apple store, arranged and lit exactly so. Creativity from every corner. When you imagine the creative process at Apple, at first you may not picture someone in HR, or operations, or finance. But we expect creative thinking and solutions from everyone here, no matter what their responsibilities are. Innovation takes many forms, and our people seem to find new ones every day. 41. According to the passage, employees are expected to pay attention to the following EXCEPT ______. A. the wrapping of Apple’s new products B. a customer support call C. the accomplishments of Apple D. the lighting of an Apple store 42. The word “clutter” probably means ______. A. customers’ complaint B. simple question C. unnecessary part D. old feature 43. Who is this passage primarily intended for? A. Consumers whom Apple aims to convince of its superior craftsmanship. B. Job applicants whom Apple wants to impress with its distinct culture. C. New employees whom Apple intends to inform of its corporate culture. D. Business partners whom Apple wants to work with on future projects. 【答案】41. C 42. C 43. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是苹果公司招聘宣传文字，介绍苹果独特企业文化：注重所有细节，追求简约，要求所有岗位员工都具备创造性思维，以此吸引求职者。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据Every detail matters.(每一个细节都至关重要)部分“Every piece of packaging.(每一件包装)”可知员工需要关注产品包装（对应选项A）；根据Simplicity isn’t simple.(简约并非简单)部分“It might be a customer support call, or even a display in an Apple store, arranged and lit exactly so.(它可能是一通客户服务电话，甚至是苹果门店内的一处陈列 —— 经过精心布置，灯光也调配得恰到好处)”可知员工需要关注客户支持电话（对应选项B）和苹果商店的灯光布置（对应选项D）。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据Simplicity isn’t simple部分画线词后的破折号解释“until all that remains is what’s essential, useful and beautiful”(直到留下来的都是必要的、有用的和美好的东西)可以推断，当“clutter”褪去后剩下的都是精华和必要之物，因此“clutter”在这里的意思是“多余的、不必要的部分（unnecessary part）”。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段开篇提到“A job at Apple is unlike any other you’ve had.(在苹果工作与你做过的任何其他工作都不同)”，并在后文详细介绍了苹果公司注重细节、追求极简和鼓励全员创新的独特企业文化。这种极具吸引力和宣传色彩的口吻是典型的招聘广告话术，其主要目的是向潜在的求职者（job applicants）展示公司魅力以吸引优秀人才，而不是写给消费者、新员工或商业伙伴的。 (C) Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. “Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than “putting them aside to be eaten last”. The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been called “quarterly capitalism”. In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities (股票), quicker use of information, and thus shorten attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance. Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company. Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term. 44. According to Paragraph 1, the goal of imposing the new rule is to ________. A. make bankers take responsibility for risky behaviors B. help financial institutions achieve long-term profits C. build a new and equal system of financial regulation D. guarantee the bonuses of top executives without delay 45. It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be ________. A. indirect B. negative C. favorable D. temporary 46. The US and France examples in paragraphs 5 and 6 are used to illustrate ________. A. the obstacles to preventing “short-termism” B. the significance of long-term thinking C. the approaches to promoting “long-termism” D. the popularity of short-term thinking 47. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Failure of Quarterly Capitalism B. Patience as a Corporate Virtue C. Decisiveness Required of Top Executives D. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers 【答案】44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了英国推出银行高管奖金追溯新规，呼吁企业摒弃短视主义，推行长期主义以构建更强劲的未来经济。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.(这项“追回”规定的主要目的是让银行家对有害的冒险行为负责，并恢复公众对金融机构的信任)”可知，实施新规定的目标是让银行家为冒险行为承担责任。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty.(要求公司季度高利润的短暂投资者，会阻碍公司投资长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力)”可知，短暂投资对上市公司的影响是消极的。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.(美国2002年出台的《萨班斯-奥克斯利法案》，推动多数上市公司将高管绩效奖金延迟约一年发放，在一定程度上缓解了“短期主义”问题)”以及第六段中“In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.(在法国，持有企业投资满两年的股东，有时可以获得更多的公司投票权)”可知，美国和法国的例子是用来说明推广“长期主义”的可行途径。 【47题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions.(这项“追回”规则的主要目的是让银行家对有害的风险行为负责，并恢复公众对金融机构的信任)”以及最后一段中“Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.(英国的新规提醒银行家，社会关注他们的表现，不仅是短期的，更是长期的)”可知，文章倡导企业以耐心进行长期决策，故“Patience as a Corporate Virtue(耐心作为一种企业美德)”最适合作为文章标题。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How Campus Startup Ecosystems Fuel the Entrepreneurial (创业的) Spirit A decade ago, launching a firm meant chasing investors for years. Today, a laptop and a daring idea can kick-start a business almost overnight. ____48____ Many university campuses now run maker spaces, mentorship programmes and seed-funding contests, directly removing the two historic barriers — lack of capital and professional guidance — for student entrepreneurs. Take Lina Chen, a recent computer-science graduate, as a typical example. ____49____ She later channeled this rural crisis into an AI-powered app that predicts crop diseases from a single leaf photo. With backing from a local innovation hub, her rough dorm-room prototype (雏形) reached over 3,000 farmers within a year, cutting unnecessary pesticide use by nearly 30 percent. Such wins are no longer isolated exceptions. Across the country, government-backed incubators (孵化器) and private funds have established a unified pipeline for student creators. ____50____ Besides, young teams receive specialized guidance in legal compliance, marketing strategies, and industry networking — advantages that first-time founders could hardly secure alone. Official figures even suggest that university-linked startups now survive at twice the rate of a decade ago. Yet the entrepreneurial road remains anything but smooth. Market uncertainty and the constant demand to scale at lightning speed often leave young founders emotionally drained. ____51____ Accordingly, many incubators now pair these students with industry veterans. These seasoned professionals teach young founders to measure success in years, not in overnight gains. Industry observers note that maintaining a healthy mindset, rather than blindly chasing rapid profit, is what truly sustains long-term innovation. Despite all the pressure, the youthful startup wave shows no sign of slowing — and society is finally reframing failure not as a shameful full stop, but as a valuable draft for the next brave attempt. A. The inspiration struck not in a lab, but in a dying wheat field on her grandfather’s farm. B. Riding this wave of entrepreneurship, more students are launching campus ventures. C. As a result, many promising ventures collapse before ever reaching the open market. D. This joint effort lowers early market risks and shortens development cycles. E. Meanwhile, many student founders sacrifice their studies to focus on market practice. F. Navigating this psychological minefield requires guidance from those who have it. 【答案】48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍校园创业生态系统如何激发学生的创业精神，讲述了校园为学生创业者提供资金、指导等支持，举例学生创业项目，同时指出创业之路依旧充满挑战。 【48题详解】 前文“A decade ago, launching a firm meant chasing investors for years. Today, a laptop and a daring idea can kick-start a business almost overnight.(十年前，创办一家公司意味着要多年寻求投资者。如今，一台笔记本电脑加上一个大胆的想法，几乎一夜之间就能开启一项事业。)”对比过去和现在创业环境的变化，后文“Many university campuses now run maker spaces, mentorship programmes and seed-funding contests, directly removing the two historic barriers — lack of capital and professional guidance — for student entrepreneurs.(现在许多大学校园开设创客空间、导师项目和种子资金竞赛，直接为学生创业者消除了两大长期障碍 —— 资金短缺和缺乏专业指导。)”介绍校园创业扶持措施。由此可知，空处承接上文创业浪潮，引出学生校园创业。B项“乘着这股创业浪潮，更多学生开启校园创业项目”符合。 【49题详解】 前文“Take Lina Chen, a recent computer-science graduate, as a typical example.(以计算机专业应届毕业生陈莉娜作为典型例子。)”引出人物案例，后文“She later channeled this rural crisis into an AI-powered app that predicts crop diseases from a single leaf photo.(后来，她把这场农村危机转化成一款人工智能应用，仅凭一片叶子照片就能预测作物病害。)”讲述她将危机转化为创业项目。由此可知，空处交代她的灵感来源。A项“灵感并非诞生于实验室，而是在她祖父农场里一片濒死的麦田中产生”符合。 【50题详解】 前文“Across the country, government-backed incubators and private funds have established a unified pipeline for student creators.(在全国范围内，政府支持的孵化器和私人基金为学生创作者搭建起一体化渠道。)”讲多方搭建创业渠道，后文“Besides, young teams receive specialized guidance in legal compliance, marketing strategies, and industry networking — advantages that first-time founders could hardly secure alone.(此外，年轻团队能获得合规、营销、行业人脉方面的专业指导，这些是初次创业者独自很难获得的优势。)”补充创业扶持带来的好处。由此可知，空处承接多方协作带来的益处。D项“这种多方协作降低早期市场风险，缩短研发周期” 符合。 【51题详解】 前文“Market uncertainty and the constant demand to scale at lightning speed often leave young founders emotionally drained.(市场不确定性以及快速扩张的持续要求，常常让年轻创业者心力交瘁。)”讲述创业的困境，后文“Accordingly, many incubators now pair these students with industry veterans.(因此，许多孵化器为这些学生匹配行业资深前辈。)”说明孵化器给出应对办法。由此可知，空处说明困境带来的后果。C项“结果，许多有潜力的创业项目在进入公开市场前就失败了”符合。 III. Summary Writing 52. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Super Size Me Fast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people across the Western world. But what would happen if you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Mc. The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to cat three McDonald’s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald’s and every time an employee asked if he would like to “super size” the meal, he had to agree. “Super sizing” refers in to fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything. Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonald’s meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and great deal of salt and sugar in each meal - much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasn’t quite prepared for just how unhealthy it turned out to be. The changes in this body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg. Spurlock says “I’d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I’m not going to “super size”. Maybe I’m not going have any junk food at all. I’m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we’re eating and have a relationship with each other.” Food for though indeed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots of junk food and made a documentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald’s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，斯普尔洛克做了一个实验来测试食用大量垃圾食品的危害，之后他还拍了一部纪录片。在为期一个月的实验中，如果有需要，斯普尔洛克每天吃三顿超大号的麦当劳餐，因此导致他的体重急剧增加。斯普尔洛克希望这部电影能帮助人们建立健康的饮食习惯。 【详解】1 要点摘录①Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Mc. ②The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to cat three McDonald’s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald’s and every time an employee asked if he would like to “super size” the meal, he had to agree. ③The changes in this body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg. ④Spurlock says “I’d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I’m not going to “super size”. ⑤I’m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we’re eating and have a relationship with each other.” Food for though indeed. 2.缜密构思 将第2、3和4、5几个要点进行重组，将第1个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots of junk food and made a documentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald’s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald’s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight.(运用了省略结构和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit.(运用了省略连接代词that引导的宾语从句) IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 53. 这本科幻小说设定在遥远的未来，那时人类与人工智能和谐共处。（set）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】This science fiction is set in the distant future, when humans live in harmony with artificial intelligence. 【解析】 【详解】表示“科幻小说”应用this science fiction；表示“设定”应用set，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语the science fiction和set为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is；表示“在遥远的未来”应用in the distant future；表示“那时”应用when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the distant future；表示“人类”应用humans；表示“与……和谐共处”应用live in harmony with，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形；表示“人工智能”应用artificial intelligence。 54. 这是该队在过去十年里第一次赢得全国冠军，不是吗？（It）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 It is the first time that the team has won the national championship in the past ten years, isn’t it? 【解析】 【详解】表示“这是第一次做某事”应用固定句型It is the first time that...，从句使用现在完成式；表示“该队”应用the team；表示“赢得”应用won，主语看作整体，助动词用has；表示“全国冠军”应用the national championship；表示“在过去十年”应用in the past ten years；表示“不是吗”应用反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否”原则，主句主语为it，be动词为is，疑问部分和主句保持一致，故为isn’t it。 55. 在社交媒体上，各种博人眼球的言论铺天盖地，却很难开启一次真正有意义、有建设性的对话。（shortage）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 On social media, various eye-catching remarks flood the screen, but there is a striking shortage of truly meaningful and constructive dialogues. 【解析】 【详解】“在社交媒体上”表达为On social media，作地点状语；“博人眼球的言论”表达为eye-catching remarks，作主语；“铺天盖地”可理解为言论充斥屏幕，表达为flood the screen；结合提示词shortage，原句“很难开启...对话”可转化为“极度缺乏……对话”的表意，“极度缺乏”表达为a striking shortage of，用there be句型符合英语表达习惯，be动词用is，和单数名词shortage保持主谓一致；“真正有意义、有建设性的对话”表达为truly meaningful and constructive dialogues。 56. 做研究之前不先阅读其他学者已有的发现和成果，是毫无意义的，你需要站在巨人的肩膀上，才能看得更远、想得更深。（sense）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no sense in not reading the existing findings and achievements of other scholars before doing research. You need to stand on the shoulders of giants to see farther and think deeper. 【解析】 【详解】表示“做某事毫无意义”固定表达为there is no sense in doing sth.；表示“不阅读其他学者已有的发现和成果”表达为not reading the existing findings and achievements of other scholars；表示“做研究之前”表达为before doing research；第二句主语为you；表示“需要”短语为need to do sth.；表示“站在巨人的肩膀上”译为stand on the shoulders of giants；表示“看得更远、想得更深”表达为see farther and think deeper，为不定式作目的状语。陈述事实用一般现在时。 V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 57. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，收到学弟王方的邮件，告诉你下学期学校将开设两门选修课供同学们选择（课程信息如下表所示），但他对课程选择有些茫然，想听取你的建议。请给王方回复一封邮件，在邮件中你必须： 1. 推荐其中一门课程； 2. 通过比较两门课程的信息，说明你推荐该课程的理由。 课程名称 公共演讲 创意写作 课程内容 演讲表达 文学创作 授课安排 每周一、四下午，共8周 每周五下午，共16周 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Wang Fang, I’m delighted to receive your email. Learning that you are puzzled about selecting between the two optional courses, I’m writing to offer my suggestion. I recommend the course of Public Speaking. Compared with Creative Writing, which focuses on literary creation and lasts 16 weeks every Friday afternoon, Public Speaking runs for only 8 weeks on Monday and Thursday afternoons. It will occupy less of your study time. What’s more, its training in speech expression can build up your confidence and sharpen your ability to organize thoughts, which is helpful for future college interviews. Though Creative Writing allows longer exploration of writing, it requires steady long-term efforts. I hope my comparison will help you make a proper decision. Yours, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李明的名义给王方回一封邮件，就他对选修课程的选择给出建议，并说明原因。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 困惑的：puzzled → confused 集中注意力于：focus on → concentrate on 能力：ability→capability 有帮助的：be helpful→ be of help 2. 句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Though Creative Writing allows longer exploration of writing, it requires steady long-term efforts. 拓展句：Creative Writing, which allows longer exploration of writing, is a form of writing practice that requires steady long-term efforts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you are puzzled about selecting between the two optional courses, I’m writing to offer my suggestion. (运用了现在分词learning...作状语以及that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Compared with Creative Writing, which focuses on literary creation and lasts 16 weeks every Friday afternoon, Public Speaking runs for only 8 weeks on Monday and Thursday afternoons. (运用了过去分词短语compared with作状语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型3】Though Creative Writing allows longer exploration of writing, it requires steady long-term efforts. (运用了though引导的让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2026学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科10月阶段性教学质量评估试卷 （完卷时间：105分钟 满分：115分） 2026年10月 I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How Scientists Uncovered the Cause of a Devastating Flood On 26 August, a devastating flood swept along the Lhende Khola River on the Nepal-Tibet border. Scientists around the world began to investigate its cause. Early information released by the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) indicated the event was a magnitude 4.4 earthquake, which might have shaken rock and ice loose in a landslide that sparked the flood. A dam break was also considered a possibility. But Kristen Cook, who has been conducting research on the Lhende Khola, downloaded publicly available seismic (地震的) data from a Nepali station ____1____ (locate) north of Kathmandu to see for herself. ____2____ ___3___ the quick, intense seismic jolt (震动) typical of an earthquake, the data showed low-frequency, long-period waves characteristic of continuous shaking: a giant landslide, which ____4____ generated the seismic signal. On the opposite side of the Atlantic Ocean, Göran Ekström was using data from the Global Seismographic Network to come to the same conclusion. He found that a ____5____ (accurate) magnitude was 5.7 — equal to a significant earthquake. Satellite imagery later provided the next useful observations. But there was a problem: In the few available images of the mountains ____6____ the seismic signal originated, clouds blocked the view. ____7____ could be clearly seen was a sharp edge where a glacier that blanketed the mountain had snapped off. The imagery soon led to reports that the explanation was a glacial collapse. But Ekström was not convinced. He ran calculations of how much falling mass was needed ____8____ (create) the magnitude 5-plus seismic signal. The answer was hundreds of millions of tons — far more than contained in the glacier alone. At the same time, cryosphere (冰冻圈) scientists calculated the energy that should have been released when the glacier collapsed. The energy was only enough to melt a small fraction of the ice. The mystery could not be fully resolved ____9____ cloud-free satellite imagery arrived. The new images made the underlying mountain visible and revealed that a huge rock landslide ____10____ (indeed occur). The evidence showed that the flood was caused not by an earthquake or the glacier alone, but by a massive rock landslide ____11____ (carry) the glacier into the valley below. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. gains B. excess C. mounted D. distinction E. continual F. correspondingly G. pooling H. stretches I. downsides J. likening K. respectively Prolonged sitting rightly has a bad reputation. A review in 2012 concluded that the most sedentary were more than twice as likely as the least to have diabetes, and also faced a much higher risk of premature death. Another, in 2015, found that sitting for long ____12____ was associated with “harmful health outcomes regardless of physical activity”. Three years after that, an analysis of news articles in a British journal found hundreds of pieces which referred to claims ____13____ sitting to smoking, though that is considered overblown. Hence the appeal of standing desks and, more recently, “active seats”: chairs and stools that tilt, wobble or rock to force ____14____ postural adjustments. Is either actually healthier? An analysis in 2018 found standing at a desk burned just nine more calories per hour than sitting. Nor are the cardiovascular (心血管的)____15____ impressive. A review in 2020 mentioned nine trials involving 877 people. Participants stood about 1.3 hours more a day and were followed for roughly four months. Body fat and blood-sugar control improved slightly, but blood pressure, insulin, and cholesterol did not. Furthermore, standing is not without its ____16____. Those who stood for more than two hours a day had a higher risk of varicose veins (静脉曲张), perhaps because of ____17____ of blood in the legs. What matters far more is movement. A study of nearly 482,000 adults in 2024 found that just 15-30 minutes of extra daily exercise could erase most of the ____18____ mortality (死亡) risk associated with sitting at work. Desk-bound workers may therefore wonder if active seating can make a difference. Some findings are encouraging. In a trial at Georgia Southern University, 20 adults performed reading and typing tasks on an ordinary chair, an exercise ball and a seat ____19____ on top of an inflatable bladder (充气囊). Energy expenditure on the ball was similar to normal sitting. But on the bladder, participants’ heart rates and calorie burn rose by 6-13% and 19-40% ____20____. In the end, there does seem to be a lesson here: the real _____21_____ is not between sitting and standing, but between remaining still and moving. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The prioritization problem Work is a series of decisions about what to prioritize. Occasionally, events set the agenda. But ____22____, managers must weigh up for themselves how to allocate capital, decide which initiatives to ____23____ and work out which numbers matter most. And day by day, hour by hour, individuals have to work out how to spend their next chunk of time. It’s a shame, then, that people often fail at setting priorities. Individuals seem to be so motivated by achieving goals of any kind that they find it hard to ____24____ them. In one lab experiment, Timothy Ballard of the University of Queensland and his co-authors asked participants to pursue two competing goals, and ____25____ the monetary rewards on offer. Even when the reward for achieving one goal was equal to that for achieving both, participants still tried to get both done. When people have to make a choice about what to do next, they often pick the thing that seems ____26____, even if that is not in their interests. A paper by Moty Amar of the Ono Academic College and his co-authors found that indebted consumers ____27____ paying off small debts over larger debts with higher interest rates. A tangible sense of progress was more important to them than the ____28____ choice. Organizations, or rather the people who run them, are ____29____ much better. Many firms accumulate so many priorities that they suffer the “peanut-butter problem” of attention and resources being spread too ____30____ across all of them. When Niels Christiansen, chief executive of Lego, took charge of the toy-maker, he found lots of examples of this. “We had 100 key enterprise risks. If you try to manage 100 distinct risks at once, none will get ____31____ attention.” All sorts of ____32____ exist to enable better prioritization. The Eisenhower matrix is a classic time-management technique for individuals, which involves ____33____ tasks into quadrants. An urgent and important task belongs at the top of the queue. An important and non-urgent task is the sort that you need to ____34____. If you are doing non-urgent and unimportant tasks, you need to take a long hard look in the mirror. Product teams often use a scoring model called RICE (reach, impact, confidence and effort). MoSCoW is a framework for teams to distinguish between ____35____, should-have, could-have and won’t-have features. In essence, the widespread failure of prioritization lies not in lacking tools, but in people’s universal cognitive ____36____. 22. A. frequently B. normally C. necessarily D. accidentally 23. A. concentrate on B. count on C. carry on D. capitalize on 24. A. fulfill B. reset C. resist D. abandon 25. A. viewed B. removed C. varied D. raised 26. A. achievable B. manageable C. accessible D. flexible 27. A. favored B. selected C. prioritized D. advanced 28. A. conventional B. ideal C. realistic D. rational 29. A. not necessarily B. not merely C. not exactly D. not simply 30. A. randomly B. thinly C. evenly D. broadly 31. A. fair B. due C. full D. close 32. A. criteria B. principles C. frameworks D. conceptions 33. A. categorizing B. transforming C. integrating D. dividing 34. A. make allowance for B. make room for C. make way for D. make time for 35. A. must-have B. might-have C. would-have D. will-have 36. A. disorder B. shift C. bias D. pattern Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) To millions of museum visitors today, Yayoi Kusama is the “Polka-Dot Queen” — the Japanese artist whose mirror-lined rooms transform simple repeating patterns into breathtaking universes. Yet behind her colorful installations lies a deeply dramatic struggle. For Kusama, painting polka dots was never a mere stylistic choice, but a lifelong search for “self-obliteration” — a way to silence her inner fears by dissolving her identity into something much larger than herself. The story began in 1930 on her family’s seed farm in Matsumoto. As a young girl, Kusama suffered terrifying visual hallucinations. She would stare at a patterned tablecloth, only to watch in horror as the red flowers multiplied, spreading across the floor, climbing the walls, and threatening to swallow her whole. Kusama realized that drawing the overwhelming dots was her only survival mechanism: by capturing the terrifying visions on paper, she regained control over her world. But her conservative mother disapproved of her artistic dreams and repeatedly tore up her sketches. In 1958, Kusama took a leap into the unknown, moving to New York City with little money and virtually no English. In a cold, unheated studio, she channeled her obsessive visions into giant canvases (帆布) covered in millions of tiny repeated brushstrokes — a series she called Infinity Nets. She painted frantically for days without sleep, attempting to lose her fragile ego within the rhythmic repetition. Later, she expanded this vision beyond the canvas, covering furniture, objects, and human bodies with bright polka dots. She explained that when an individual is covered in dots, they cease to be a separate entity and return to the natural order of the universe. Although personal struggles led her to move voluntarily into a Tokyo psychiatric (精神科的) facility in 1977, her artistic obsession only deepened. Walking to her nearby studio every morning, she continued to construct her world-famous Infinity Mirror Rooms. In these darkened, mirrored spaces, visitors stand surrounded by endless points of light, experiencing the exact sensation Kusama felt decades ago: the boundary between the individual self and the universe fading away. Through her lifelong dedication, Kusama proved that even the deepest psychological shadows can be transformed into lasting art. 37. How did Kusama understand the concept of “self-obliteration”? A. A way to capture terror by dotting daily objects and human bodies. B. A strategy to regain control over her fears through artistic expression. C. A desire to calm inner fears through erasing one’s ego in artistic ways. D. An attempt to dissolve identity into a larger whole with dotted patterns. 38. What did Kusama realize as a young girl? A. Her artistic dreams could help her gain her mother’s support and approval. B. Drawing her disturbing visual experiences could serve as a coping mechanism. C. Her hallucinations were caused by the patterns she saw on her family’s farm. D. Creating repeating patterns could make her forget about her unhappy family life. 39. Which of the following works of art was most likely created by Kusama? A. A giant pumpkin sculpture covered with bright polka dots. B. A bright canvas covered with wild flowers in fading sunlight. C. A wooden carving showing a terrified person trapped in a net. D. A large painting depicting Japanese-style furniture and objects. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Art achieves its highest value when it helps artists face their inner fear. B. Mental health challenges naturally inspire artists to achieve greatness in life. C. Personal struggles and inner fears can be transformed into profound art. D. Early artistic dreams are essential for gaining recognition in modern art. (B) Amaze Yourself, Amaze the World A job at Apple is unlike any other you’ve had. You’ll be challenged. You’ll be inspired. And you’ll be proud. Because whatever your job is here, you’ll be part of something big. Every detail matters. Every piece of packaging. Every swipe of the finger. Every “How can I help you?” Everything. And it doesn’t matter just some of the time. It matters all of the time. That’s how we do things at Apple. The result is some of the best-loved products in the world. Simplicity isn’t simple. Ask anyone here. It’s hard work. It means forever asking, “Why is it this way?” and “How can it be better?” It means rethinking every customer experience until the clutter has fallen away — until all that remains is what’s essential, useful and beautiful. That might be a new product feature that delights even die-hard fans. It might be a customer support call, or even a display in an Apple store, arranged and lit exactly so. Creativity from every corner. When you imagine the creative process at Apple, at first you may not picture someone in HR, or operations, or finance. But we expect creative thinking and solutions from everyone here, no matter what their responsibilities are. Innovation takes many forms, and our people seem to find new ones every day. 41. According to the passage, employees are expected to pay attention to the following EXCEPT ______. A. the wrapping of Apple’s new products B. a customer support call C. the accomplishments of Apple D. the lighting of an Apple store 42. The word “clutter” probably means ______. A. customers’ complaint B. simple question C. unnecessary part D. old feature 43. Who is this passage primarily intended for? A. Consumers whom Apple aims to convince of its superior craftsmanship. B. Job applicants whom Apple wants to impress with its distinct culture. C. New employees whom Apple intends to inform of its corporate culture. D. Business partners whom Apple wants to work with on future projects. (C) Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. “Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than “putting them aside to be eaten last”. The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been called “quarterly capitalism”. In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities (股票), quicker use of information, and thus shorten attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance. Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company. Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term. 44. According to Paragraph 1, the goal of imposing the new rule is to ________. A. make bankers take responsibility for risky behaviors B. help financial institutions achieve long-term profits C. build a new and equal system of financial regulation D. guarantee the bonuses of top executives without delay 45. It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be ________. A. indirect B. negative C. favorable D. temporary 46. The US and France examples in paragraphs 5 and 6 are used to illustrate ________. A. the obstacles to preventing “short-termism” B. the significance of long-term thinking C. the approaches to promoting “long-termism” D. the popularity of short-term thinking 47. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Failure of Quarterly Capitalism B. Patience as a Corporate Virtue C. Decisiveness Required of Top Executives D. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How Campus Startup Ecosystems Fuel the Entrepreneurial (创业的) Spirit A decade ago, launching a firm meant chasing investors for years. Today, a laptop and a daring idea can kick-start a business almost overnight. ____48____ Many university campuses now run maker spaces, mentorship programmes and seed-funding contests, directly removing the two historic barriers — lack of capital and professional guidance — for student entrepreneurs. Take Lina Chen, a recent computer-science graduate, as a typical example. ____49____ She later channeled this rural crisis into an AI-powered app that predicts crop diseases from a single leaf photo. With backing from a local innovation hub, her rough dorm-room prototype (雏形) reached over 3,000 farmers within a year, cutting unnecessary pesticide use by nearly 30 percent. Such wins are no longer isolated exceptions. Across the country, government-backed incubators (孵化器) and private funds have established a unified pipeline for student creators. ____50____ Besides, young teams receive specialized guidance in legal compliance, marketing strategies, and industry networking — advantages that first-time founders could hardly secure alone. Official figures even suggest that university-linked startups now survive at twice the rate of a decade ago. Yet the entrepreneurial road remains anything but smooth. Market uncertainty and the constant demand to scale at lightning speed often leave young founders emotionally drained. ____51____ Accordingly, many incubators now pair these students with industry veterans. These seasoned professionals teach young founders to measure success in years, not in overnight gains. Industry observers note that maintaining a healthy mindset, rather than blindly chasing rapid profit, is what truly sustains long-term innovation. Despite all the pressure, the youthful startup wave shows no sign of slowing — and society is finally reframing failure not as a shameful full stop, but as a valuable draft for the next brave attempt. A. The inspiration struck not in a lab, but in a dying wheat field on her grandfather’s farm. B. Riding this wave of entrepreneurship, more students are launching campus ventures. C. As a result, many promising ventures collapse before ever reaching the open market. D. This joint effort lowers early market risks and shortens development cycles. E. Meanwhile, many student founders sacrifice their studies to focus on market practice. F. Navigating this psychological minefield requires guidance from those who have it. III. Summary Writing 52. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Super Size Me Fast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people across the Western world. But what would happen if you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Mc. The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to cat three McDonald’s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald’s and every time an employee asked if he would like to “super size” the meal, he had to agree. “Super sizing” refers in to fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything. Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonald’s meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and great deal of salt and sugar in each meal - much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasn’t quite prepared for just how unhealthy it turned out to be. The changes in this body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg. Spurlock says “I’d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I’m not going to “super size”. Maybe I’m not going have any junk food at all. I’m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we’re eating and have a relationship with each other.” Food for though indeed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 53. 这本科幻小说设定在遥远的未来，那时人类与人工智能和谐共处。（set）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 54. 这是该队在过去十年里第一次赢得全国冠军，不是吗？（It）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 55. 在社交媒体上，各种博人眼球的言论铺天盖地，却很难开启一次真正有意义、有建设性的对话。（shortage）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 56. 做研究之前不先阅读其他学者已有的发现和成果，是毫无意义的，你需要站在巨人的肩膀上，才能看得更远、想得更深。（sense）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 57. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，收到学弟王方的邮件，告诉你下学期学校将开设两门选修课供同学们选择（课程信息如下表所示），但他对课程选择有些茫然，想听取你的建议。请给王方回复一封邮件，在邮件中你必须： 1. 推荐其中一门课程； 2. 通过比较两门课程的信息，说明你推荐该课程的理由。 课程名称 公共演讲 创意写作 课程内容 演讲表达 文学创作 授课安排 每周一、四下午，共8周 每周五下午，共16周 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $