Unit 5 Section A (Grammar Focus)-【木牍中考】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语同步教学优质课件（人教版·新教材）

Grammar Focus 英 语 RJ 第3课时(4a-4c) 9年级上册 Unit 5 Power of Ideas ※ 建议使用WPS2019以上版本打开 木牍中考-教学设计中心 制作 1. 识别并掌握一般现在时、一般过去时及情态动词的被动语态结构，理 解不同形式被动语态的用法，能够运用被动语态描述发明相关内容， 夯实本课核心语言知识。（学习理解） 2. 对比辨析主动语态与被动语态的句式结构和语义差异，能够根据语境 选用合适的语态结构表达含义；熟练完成主动句与被动句的句型转换。 (应用实践) 3. 灵活运用被动语态知识描述发明创造与工程建设成果，辩证理解发明 创造解决现实生活问题的重要意义，感受中国工程建设的伟大成就， 增强民族自豪感。(迁移创新) Learning goals 通过本节课的学习，学生能够： Warming up 01 Teaching procedures 02 Exercises 03 Homework 04 Contents Warming up Watch the video and fill in the blanks. I _______the song. The song _________ by me. You ________ the song. The song ___________by you. He _________ the drums. The drums __________ by him. She _________ the song. The song ___________ by her. is sung play is played plays are played sings is sung sing I sing the song. The song is sung by me. You play the song. The song is played by you. He plays the drums. The drums are played by him. She sings the song. The song is sung by her. 被动语态 主动语态 Warming up Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice. 4a A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 被动语态由“be动词+过去分词”构成。 be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 4. These radios are still used by old people. 3. Many new inventions are used in our daily lives. 1. I am often asked about my favourite invention. 房间每天都被打扫。 许多新发明被应用在我们的日常生活中。 2. The room is cleaned every day. 我经常被问到我最喜欢的发明是什么。 这些收音机仍然被老人们使用。 主语 am/is/are 动词的过去分词 一般现在时的被动语态 结构 Grammar Focus 1. 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). 这些角色被全世界的人们喜爱。 这份工作并不总被大多数人理解。 The characters are loved by people all over the world. This job is not always understood by most people. 句式 2. 否定句: 主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). Grammar Focus 3. 一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? 这台机器每天都被使用吗？ 这部经典动画在哪里放映？ Is this machine used every day? Where is this classic animation shown? 4. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + am/is/are (+主语) + 动词的过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? Grammar Focus 使用场景 Situation 1: 不知道或不需要说出动作的执行者时。 每当需要维修时，我的自行车都在这家店修。(谁修的不重要) 这本书被许多人阅读。(强调“这本书”很受欢迎) My bike is repaired at this shop whenever necessary. This book is read by many people. Situation 2: 强调动作的承受者。 Grammar Focus Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. （主动语态） （被动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语 主语 谓语 宾语 注意by 宾变主,主变介宾 谓变be done时不变（be体现时态，人称和数的变化） 主动语态变被动语态 Grammar Focus 3. The classroom was cleaned by us after school yesterday. 4. Many trees were planted along the road last year. 2. Many new inventions were developed because of the radio. 1. The first 3D printer was created in the 1980s. 许多新发明都因无线电的出现而被研发出来。 教室是我们昨天放学后打扫的。 第一台3D打印机是在20世纪80年代被发明的。 去年，沿路栽种了许多树。 主语 was/were 动词的过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态 结构 Grammar Focus 肯定句: 主语 + was/were + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). I was praised by the teacher. 2. 否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). The windows were not broken by him. 我被老师表扬了。 窗户不是被他打破的。 句式 Grammar Focus 3. 一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? — Was your homework finished yesterday? — Yes, it was. / No, it wasn't. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? — When was the company founded? — Two years ago. —你昨天完成作业了吗？ —是的，完成了。/ 不，没有完成。 —这家公司是什么时候成立的？ —两年前。 Grammar Focus 1. Our homework must be finished on time. 我们的作业必须按时完成。 2. It can be used everywhere. 它可以在各处被使用。 3. The invention should be used properly. 这项发明应该得到恰当使用。 主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (+ by sb.) 含情态动词的被动语态 结构 Grammar Focus 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 1. 一般情况加-ed. look—looked—looked play—played—played 2. 以e结尾的动词，只加-d. live—lived—lived hope—hoped—hoped 3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母, 应双 写这个辅音字母，再加-ed. stop—stopped—stopped plan—planned—planned 4. 以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词，变y为i, 再加-ed. study—studied—studied carry—carried—carried 5. 不规则变化（见教材后面不规则动词表） Grammar Focus 被动语态并不难，主语后面加 be done。 强调动作谁来干，be done 和 by 需见面。 还有一点别被骗，时态 be 变 done 不变。 被动语态口诀 Grammar Focus Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b 1. The telephone _____________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world ______________ (connect) to each other through the internet. 3. The word “robot” _______________ (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920. was invented are connected was introduced /ˈtelɪfəʊn/ n. 电话 4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button ____________ (press) to start the machine. 5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel _____________ (find) in Eastern Europe. was pressed was found suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；推断 be supposed to do / be sth 应当做（某事）或是（某物） /wiːl/ n. 车轮；轮子 /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的；东方的 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b Which railway is the picture showing? Look and say How much do you know about this railway? Let’s watch a video. New words layer n. 层；表层 There is a thin layer of ice on the lake. 湖面上有一层薄冰。 frozen adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 The lake is frozen in winter. 冬天湖面结冰了。 New words melt v.（使）融化；逐渐消失 The snow will melt when spring comes. 春天来临时，雪会融化。 New words pipe n. 管道；管子；烟斗 A pipe is used for carrying water from one place to another. 管道被用来把水从一个地方输送到另一个地方。 New words tourism n. 旅游业 The development of tourism has brought many changes to our hometown. 旅游业的发展给我们的家乡带来了许多变化。 New words economic adj. 经济的； 经济学的 Economic development is important to every country. 经济发展对每个国家都很重要。 New words gain v. 获得；取得 If you want to gain more knowledge, you should read more books. 如果你想获得更多知识，你应该多读书。 New words Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4c The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It __________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas ____________ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes __________ (use) to keep the ground hard. connects were needed were used However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to __________ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges __________ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and __________ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks. be created were built allow Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4c As an important and successful project, the railway has __________ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help ____________ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world. increased (to) improve Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4c Read again and answer the questions. What challenges did builders face when building the railway? In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on. In some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground. Read again and answer the questions. How did they solve these problems? Pipes were used Tunnels were created Bridges were built Make a profile of the Qinghai–Xizang Railway. The Qinghai–Xizang Railway Completed: ______________________________ Route: ______________ → ______________ Distance: ______________ kilometres Highest point: ______________ metres above sea level Special feature: ______________________________ Building Challenges: 1. The frozen ground ______________________________ 2. In some places, it was impossible to ______________________ Make a profile of the Qinghai–Xizang Railway. Solutions: 1. Pipes were used to ______________________________ 2. Tunnels and bridges were _____________________________ Impact: 1. Tourism and economic development have ________________ 2. The experience gained will help _________________________ Think and answer What does the Qinghai-Xizang Railway teach us about Chinese people? Chinese people are creative and determined, and they never give up in the face of challenges. They can solve difficult problems and turn impossible dreams into reality. Show time Evaluation (评价机制) Stars Language Pronunciation Body language Describe correctly Excellent Great Good ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ Language points be supposed to do / be sth: 应当做(某事)或是(某物)。习语化的被动形式。常用于表示按照规定、习俗、安排、设计或他人期望应做某事。 e.g. You are supposed to bring a small gift when you visit a friend. 拜访朋友时，你应该带一份小礼物。 1. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. 当按下按钮启动机器时，它本不该发出这么大的噪音。 2. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. 人们认为世界上最古老的轮子是在东欧被发现的。 It is believed that… 人们认为……。常用的被动语态惯用句式。弱化或省略了动作的施事者。当不想说明、无法确定或没有必要说明“是谁认为”某一事实时，常用这一结构。 【对比】 People believe that the world’s oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. 主动语态。 动作施事者是people。 Language points e.g. It is said that he will come to our school tomorrow. 据说他明天会来我们学校。 It is reported that this book is very popular. 据报道，这本书很受欢迎。 It is hoped that everyone can live a happy life. 人们希望每个人都能过上幸福的生活。 It is said that… 据说…… It is reported that… 据报道…… It is hoped that… 人们希望…… Language points 3. ... the railway has increased tourism and economic development in the area. ……这条铁路带动了当地旅游业发展，也促进了该地区 的经济发展。 tourism n. 旅游业 e.g. “I want to be a tour guide,” Lucy said. “I can show tourists around and help local tourism.” “我想当一名导游。”露西说，“我可以带游客参观，为当 地的旅游业出一份力。” tour n. 旅行；游览 tourist n. 游客 tourism n. 旅游业 Language points Summary Key words suppose, wheel, tourism 1. A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 2. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. 3. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 4. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. Sentences Expressions be supposed to do / be sth 根据括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 Exercises Bridges __________ (build) to allow animals to pass under the tracks in the past. Toys and houses can ________ (make) by a 3D printer. The tickets _________ (sell) out in a second whenever there was a match. It’s ______ (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week. were built be made were sold said 5. Daming ___________ (choose) for the school basketball team yesterday. 6. A message __________ (send) across the Atlantic in 1901. 7. Every year, about 750,000 cars _____________ (produce) in this factory. was chosen was sent are produced 根据括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 提升作业 将本课所学被动语态相关知识点汇总成一幅思维导图。 拓展作业 选择一项中国发明或工程，制作英文简介，介绍其功能、历史或影响，恰当运用被动语态。 基础作业 1. 抄写并背诵4a表格 中的句子。 2. 熟读4c。 Homework Thanks Class is over! Bye! Unit 5 $