Unit 3 Our digital lives Focusing on culture 同步分层作业 2026-2027学年沪教版初中英语八年级上册

Unit 3 Our digital lives Focusing on culture 分层作业 建议用时：30分钟 一、单词汉译英（Focusing on culture：计算机的故事 The story of the computer） 1. 机器 ____________ 2. 程序 ____________ 3. 计算 ____________ 4. 芯片 ____________ 5. 电子的 ____________ 6. 软件 ____________ 7. 量子的 ____________ 8. 突破 ____________ 9. 个人电脑 ____________ 10. 智能手机 ____________ 11. 口袋 ____________ 12. 未来的 ____________ 二、短语汉译英（教材原短语） 1. 世界上第一台 ____________ 2. 一项重大突破 ____________ 3. 多亏；由于 ____________ 4. 各种各样的 ____________ 5. 换句话说 ____________ 6. 数千台 ____________ 7. 公众；大众 ____________ 8. 开启新时代 ____________ 三、词形变换（写出下列名词的形容词形式） 1. person → ____________ 2. nation → ____________ 3. digit → ____________ 4. nature → ____________ 5. culture → ____________ 一、单句填空（用括号内单词的正确形式填空） 1. In 1837, Charles Babbage ____________ (design) the first machine with a program. 2. Ada Lovelace ____________ (be) the first computer programmer. 3. Early computers ____________ (be) as big as a room. 4. In 1971, Ted Hoff ____________ (invent) the microchip. 5. In the future, quantum computers ____________ (be) much faster and more powerful. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子（每空一词） 1. 查尔斯·巴贝奇设计了世界上第一台带程序的机器。 Charles Babbage designed ____________ ____________ ____________ machine with a program. 2. 艾达是第一位计算机程序员。 Ada was the ____________ computer ____________. 3. 多亏了芯片，电脑变得更快更小。 ____________ ____________ the microchip, computers became ____________ and smaller. 4. 智能手机开启了数字技术的新时代。 Smartphones ____________ a new era in digital ____________. 5. 祖冲之号是一台强大的量子计算机。 Zuchongzhi is a ____________ ____________ computer. 三、句型转换 1. The first PC for the general public came out in 1981.（对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ the first PC for the general public ____________ out? 2. Ada Lovelace wrote the first computer program.（对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ Ada Lovelace ____________? 3. Quantum computers will be very fast.（改为感叹句） ____________ ____________ quantum computers will be! 4. Early computers were the size of a room.（改为否定句） Early computers ____________ ____________ the size of a room. 5. Smartphones can run all kinds of apps.（改为一般疑问句） ____________ smartphones ____________ all kinds of apps? 四、选词填空（计算机发展史） 【program, smaller, breakthrough, general, era】 1. Ada Lovelace was the first person to write a computer ____________. 2. Thanks to the microchip, computers became ____________ and faster. 3. The microchip was a major ____________ in the history of computers. 4. The first PC was designed for the ____________ public. 5. Smartphones have started a new ____________ in digital technology. 五、情景补全对话（5个空，6个选项，1项多余） A. What is it? B. When did people make it? C. It is as big as a desk! D. How much was it then? E. Do we still use this kind of computer? F. Where are we going first? Ben: Wow, the Computer Museum! 1.____________ Amy: The history hall, I think. Look at that old machine! Ben: 2.____________ Amy: It is one of the earliest computers in our country. Ben: 3.____________ Amy: Yes. The first ones were even bigger—some were as big as a room. Ben: 4.____________ Amy: No. Now we carry small computers in our pockets—smartphones! Ben: 5.____________ Amy: Very expensive. Only universities and big companies could buy them. 拓展提高（课内同源 + 课外同源） Passage1（课内同源：计算机的故事） 　　A computer is any machine that can be programmed with a set of instructions. The story of the computer began long ago. / In 1837, in Britain, Charles Babbage designed the first machine with a program. His student Ada Lovelace realized that such a machine could do a lot more than add up big numbers. She was the first computer programmer. In 1936, Alan Turing created the Turing machine, the basic design of a computer system. / In the 1940s, scientists built early computers in England and Germany. They were the size of a room! Things changed quickly after 1971, when Ted Hoff invented the microchip, a major breakthrough. Thanks to the microchip, computers got faster and smaller very quickly. In 1981, a US company designed the first PC for the general public, and in two years people bought thousands of them. In the 1990s, smartphones arrived—phones with computer software. They are small computers, and they have started a new era in digital technology. / What is next? Scientists believe that quantum computers will be the next big breakthrough. They will be many times faster than today's computers. In May 2021, Chinese researchers built a powerful quantum computer called Zuchongzhi. The future of computers is coming! 任务一：单项选择 1.Who was the first computer programmer? A.Charles Babbage. B.Alan Turing. C.Ada Lovelace. D.Ted Hoff. 2.What was a major breakthrough in the history of computers? A.The Turing machine. B.The microchip. C.The first personal computer. D.The smartphone. 任务二：判断正误(T/F) 3.Early computers in the 1940s were the size of a room. (　　) 4.In two years, people bought thousands of the first PCs. (　　) 任务三：简答 5.What did Chinese researchers build in May 2021? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage2（课外同源：中国的超级计算机） 　　Supercomputers are the fastest computers in the world. They can do millions of calculations in one second, and they help us in many ways—predicting（预报）the weather, finding new medicines and even making films. / China's first supercomputer Yinhe-1 came out in 1983. It made China one of the few countries that could build supercomputers. / In 2016, the Chinese supercomputer Sunway TaihuLight became the fastest in the world. It is fully made in China, from the chips to the software. For two years, no other computer could work faster. / Supercomputers also help ordinary people. When a typhoon（台风）is coming, they can tell where it will go, so people can leave early. When doctors look for new medicines, supercomputers test millions of possibilities in a short time. / Maybe one day, a student like you will design an even faster supercomputer and make the world proud. 任务一：单项选择 1.What do supercomputers help people do according to the passage? A.Predict the weather. B.Find new medicines. C.Make films. D.All of the above. 2.When did China's first supercomputer come out? A.In 1983. B.In 2016. C.In 1993. D.In 2001. 任务二：判断正误(T/F) 3.Sunway TaihuLight was fully made in China. (　　) 4.Supercomputers are only useful to scientists. (　　) 任务三：简答 5.What can supercomputers do when a typhoon is coming? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 任务四：单元微写作 请写一段话介绍一项让你自豪的中国科技成就，不少于6句话。请写清它是什么、它能做什么以及你的感受，并用上 China and proud。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 夯实基础 一、单词汉译英 1.machine 2.program 3.calculation 4.chip 5.electronic 6.software 7.quantum 8.breakthrough 9.PC 10.smartphone 11.pocket 12.future 二、短语汉译英 1.the world's first 2.a major breakthrough 3.thanks to 4.all kinds of 5.in other words 6.thousands of 7.the general public 8.start a new era 三、词形变换 1.personal 2.national 3.digital 4.natural 5.cultural 能力进阶 一、单句填空 1.designed 2.was 3.were 4.invented 5.will be 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.the; world's; first 2.first; programmer 3.Thanks; to; faster 4.started; technology 5.powerful; quantum 三、句型转换 1.When; did; come 2.What; did; write 3.How; fast 4.were; not 5.Can; run 四、选词填空 1.program 2.smaller 3.breakthrough 4.general 5.era 五、情景补全对话 答案：1.F 2.A 3.C 4.E 5.D；多余项：B 拓展提高 Passage1 任务一：1.C 2.B 任务二：3.T 4.T 任务三简答：5.A powerful quantum computer called Zuchongzhi. Passage2 任务一：1.D 2.A 任务二：3.T 4.F 任务三简答：5.They can tell where it will go, so people can leave early. 任务四范文：China has many great achievements in science and technology. I am most proud of the Chinese space station. Astronauts live and work there, and they even give lessons to students from space. In the lessons, they show us interesting experiments in space. Millions of students watch them on TV or online. The space station shows that China's science is strong. I feel proud of our country, and I want to be a scientist in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $