Unit1Teenage Life 同步语法精讲精练 2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

人教版（2019）高中英语·必修第一册　Unit 1 Teenage Life　同步语法精讲精练 人教版（2019）普通高中教科书 · 英语 必修 第一册 Unit 1 Teenage Life 同步语法精讲精练　│　名词短语 · 形容词短语 · 副词短语 适用：高一上学期　　课时：2 课时　　对应教材：Discovering Useful Structures, P16 一 短语类型速判　先找中心词，再定类型，最后看成分 NP、AdjP、AdvP 三个缩写，判断只看中心词，不看词数。 中心词 短语类型 判断要点 名词 名词短语 NP 能被 the / my / two 限定；常带介词短语、不定式后置修饰 形容词 形容词短语 AdjP 常被 a little / so / very / quite 修饰；可带 at / of / to 补足 副词 副词短语 AdvP 中心词是 -ly 副词或 well / fast / enough the kids over there 五个词是 NP；carefully 一个词是 AdvP。 二 基础讲解 ▍1　名词短语（NP） 构成 （限定词）+（前置修饰）+ 中心名词 +（后置修饰） my first French class　my 限定词，first 数词，French 名词作定语，class 是中心词。 the kids over there　中心词 kids，over there 介词短语后置。 后置修饰：介词短语、不定式、分词短语跟在名词后。定语从句在 Unit 4、Unit 5 展开。 功能 例句 主语 The first week was a little confusing. 宾语 The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones. 表语 Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. 介词宾语 My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature. 同位语 Our teacher, an experienced adviser, gave us a hand. 状语 We meet every Wednesday at the soup kitchen. 名词短语作状语：every Wednesday / this morning / last week。 ▍2　形容词短语（AdjP） 构成 （程度副词）+ 中心形容词 +（补足：at / of / to / for / enough / 不定式） a little confusing　中心词 confusing，a little 是程度副词。 good at English　中心词 good，at English 是补足。同类：suitable for / responsible for / addicted to / attracted to / ready for。 功能 例句 备注 前置定语 a really big challenge 最常规 后置定语 something important　/　a boy old enough to drive 修饰 -body/-thing/-one 时后置 表语 The first week was a little confusing. 系动词后接形容词 宾语补足语 The instructions made him confused. make / keep / find + 宾语 + adj. 状语 Glad to see me, he waved back. 表原因、伴随 形容词短语作状语是读后续写常用结构：Nervous, she walked to the front of the class. ▍3　副词短语（AdvP） 构成 （程度副词）+ 中心副词 副词短语不考类型，考位置。 位置 例句 反例 方式副词：动词（或宾语）之后 He explained the rule clearly. ✗ He explained clearly the rule. 频度副词：实义动词前 / be、助动词后 He always arrives late. He is always late. ✗ He arrives always late. 程度副词：紧贴被修饰的词 quite quickly　very good　much better ✗ very better very 只修饰原级，much 修饰比较级，very much 修饰动词。 三 易错点 1　修饰动词用副词，修饰名词用形容词 　　错　He explained the grammar rule very clear. 　　正　He explained the grammar rule very clearly. 　　因　clearly 修饰 explained；clear 只能修饰名词（a clear rule）。 2　系动词后接形容词 　　错　The soup in the school canteen tastes well. 　　正　The soup in the school canteen tastes good. 　　因　taste / look / sound / smell / feel / seem / stay / remain 后接形容词；作实义动词时用副词（He tasted the soup carefully.）。 3　-ing 说“令人……”，-ed 说“感到……” 　　错　I felt really confusing about the new timetable. 　　正　I felt really confused about the new timetable. 　　因　事物用 -ing（the timetable was confusing），人用 -ed（I felt confused）。 4　enough 修饰形容词、副词要后置 　　错　He is enough old to make his own decisions. 　　正　He is old enough to make his own decisions. 　　因　old enough / quickly enough；修饰名词时前置（enough time）。 5　very 管原级，much 管比较级 　　错　This course is very more difficult than that one. 　　正　This course is much more difficult than that one. 　　因　比较级前用 much / far / a lot / even / still；very 不能修饰比较级。 6　名词作定语的单复数 　　错　We have two new sport clubs and one shoe shop this year. 　　正　We have two new sports clubs and one shoe shop this year. 　　因　shoe shop / book store / apple tree 用单数；sports、clothes 习惯保留复数（sports club, a clothes shop）。 四 高考题型改编 题型取语法填空、改错、读后续写三种；语篇按本单元词汇另写。 ▍4.1　语法填空　10 空 · 8 空给提示词 When I first walked into the senior high school, I felt ___1___ (confuse). Everything seemed new: the campus was ___2___ (actual) much larger than my junior high school, and the amount of homework looked ___3___ (terrify). The first week brought ___4___ (challenge) I had never met. I had to choose my courses ___5___ my own for the first time. My adviser, ___6___ patient woman in her forties, listened to me ___7___ (careful) and then recommended that I (should) take advanced literature. “You write ___8___ (fluent),” she said, “but you need to read more.” Three months later, I can organise my schedule ___9___ (good) enough to leave time for the debate club. Looking back, I find the confusion of that first week was ___10___ (real) a gift: it pushed me to ask for help. ▍4.2　句子升格（读后续写）　3 句 · 用括号内结构重写 1. She opened the letter. （形容词短语作状语） 2. He walked onto the stage. （副词短语 + 形容词短语） 3. The classroom was quiet. （so ... that） ▍4.3　单句改错　6 句 · 每句一处 1. He answered all the questions correct, which surprised the whole class. 2. The instructions were really confused, so we asked the teacher for help. 3. The soup in the school canteen smells well, but it is a bit too salty. 4. The reading room is enough big to hold two classes at the same time. 5. This term is very busier than the last one, so plan your time well. 6. We plan to build two sport halls next to the clothes shop. 五 分层训练　A 判断 → B 运用 → C 产出 ▍A 层　识别　12 题 · 3 分钟 Ⅰ. 判断划线短语类型（NP / AdjP / AdvP），在句末括号内填写 类型 / 中心词。 1. The first week was a little confusing. （____________ / ____________） 2. The building is so big that I'm completely lost. （____________ / ____________） 3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate. （____________ / ____________） 4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate. （____________ / ____________） 5. My first French class was very confusing. （____________ / ____________） 6. The teacher spoke so fast that nobody could follow her. （____________ / ____________） 7. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough. （____________ / ____________） 8. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones. （____________ / ____________） Ⅱ. 在句末括号内填写划线名词短语的功能（主语 / 宾语 / 表语 / 介词宾语 / 同位语 / 状语）。 9. The new library opens next Monday. （__________） 10. We meet every Friday afternoon in the reading room. （__________） 11. I'm looking forward to the summer camp in July. （__________） 12. My cousin, a college freshman, shared his experience with me. （__________） ▍B 层　运用　16 题 · 12 分钟 Ⅰ. 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. The instructions on the box were so ______________ (confuse) that we had to ask the teacher. 2. She sings ______________ (beautiful) than anyone else in our class. 3. To my surprise, he answered the question ______________ (correct). 4. The room was ______________ (complete) empty when I got there. 5. The box is not light ______________ (enough) for a child to carry. 6. My adviser gave me some ______________ (use) advice on choosing courses. 7. ______________ (obvious), he had not prepared for the debate at all. 8. The two ______________ (challenge) I faced were time management and note-taking. 9. He is ______________ (responsibility) for cleaning the classroom this week. 10. She is much ______________ (hard-working) than she was last term. Ⅱ. 用括号内结构合并句子，句意不变。 11. He was very tired. He fell asleep at once. （so ... that） 12. The problem was very difficult. Nobody could work it out. （too ... to） 13. He is old. He can make his own decisions. （enough to） 14. It was a boring lecture. Half the class fell asleep. （such ... that） 15. She was nervous. She walked to the front of the class. （形容词短语作状语） 16. This book is interesting. That one is not as interesting. （much + 比较级） ▍C 层　产出　8 空 · 60 词 Ⅰ. 语篇填空（6 空给提示词，2 空不给）。 Dear new freshmen, Welcome to senior high school! I still remember how ___1___ (confuse) I felt ___2___ my first day. Here are three tips that may help you. First, plan your time ___3___ (careful). Senior high school is ___4___ (busy) than junior high school, and you will have ___5___ (little) free time than you expect, so use it well. Second, don't be afraid to ask. Your teachers are ___6___ (extreme) patient, and they are always ready to help. Third, join at least one club. The debate club, for example, gives you a chance to speak ___7___ public ___8___ (confident). Yours, Li Hua ▍Ⅱ. 微写作　60 词 · 10 分钟 情境　校英文报“学长信箱”栏目征稿，以高三学长身份给高一新生写三条建议。 要求　① 60 词左右；② 至少 2 个形容词短语、1 个副词短语；③ 用上本单元 3 个词（challenge / confusing / schedule / responsible / recommend / suitable）。 词块　make a weekly schedule　/　be responsible for your own study　/　don't be afraid to ask　/　join a club that really suits you 六 答案与解析 ▍4.1　语法填空 1. confused　feel 为系动词，主语是人，用 -ed 形容词。 2. actually　修饰比较级 larger，用副词。 3. terrifying　look 为系动词，主语是事物，用 -ing 形容词。 4. challenges　可数名词，此处为复数。 5. on　on one's own 独自、靠自己。 6. a　同位语，woman 首次提及用不定冠词。 7. carefully　修饰 listened，用副词。 8. fluently　修饰 write，用副词。 9. well　good 的副词形式是 well；enough 修饰副词须后置。 10. really　修饰整个判断 was ... a gift，用副词。 ▍4.2　句子升格 1.　She opened the letter, nervous but eager. 2.　He walked onto the stage quite slowly, terribly nervous. 3.　The classroom was so quiet that I could hear my own breathing. 结构用对、细节具体即可，不设唯一答案。 ▍4.3　单句改错 1. correct → correctly　修饰 answered，用副词。 2. confused → confusing　主语 the instructions 是事物，用 -ing。 3. well → good　smell 为系动词，后接形容词。 4. enough big → big enough　enough 修饰形容词须后置。 5. very → much　very 不能修饰比较级。 6. sport halls → sports halls　sports 习惯保留复数；clothes shop 不改。 ▍A 层 Ⅰ. 类型 / 中心词 1. AdjP / confusing 2. AdjP / big 3. NP / kids 4. AdvP / quickly 5. NP / class 6. AdvP / fast 7. AdvP / well 8. NP / ones 第 8 题中心词是代词 ones，suitable 是修饰语。 Ⅱ. 功能 9. 主语 10. 状语 11. 介词宾语 12. 同位语 第 10 题 every Friday afternoon 是名词短语作状语。 ▍B 层 Ⅰ. 词形 1. confusing 2. more beautifully 3. correctly 4. completely 5. enough 6. useful 7. Obviously 8. challenges 9. responsible 10. more hard-working Ⅱ. 合并 11.　He was so tired that he fell asleep at once. 12.　The problem was too difficult for anybody to work out. 13.　He is old enough to make his own decisions. 14.　It was such a boring lecture that half the class fell asleep. 15.　Nervous, she walked to the front of the class. 16.　This book is much more interesting than that one. ▍C 层 Ⅰ. 语篇填空 1. confused 2. on 3. carefully 4. busier 5. less 6. extremely 7. in 8. confidently 第 5 题 less 须读后文 so use it well 才定，不能凭 have ___ free time 猜 more。 Ⅱ. 参考范文（65 词） Dear freshmen, three tips may save you a lot of trouble. First, make a weekly schedule and stick to it — senior high school is much busier than you expect. Second, don't be afraid to ask. Your teachers are extremely patient. Third, join one club that really suits you. The first month will be confusing, but it is also the most exciting. Good luck! 评分：三条建议清楚（内容）；2 个形容词短语 + 1 个副词短语（much busier / extremely patient）+ 3 个单元词（schedule / confusing / patient）。 — — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $