Unit 6 Beyond Earth 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

Unit 6 Beyond Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——太空探索） 参考答案 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1.longer, 2.danger, 3.mainly, 4.third, 5.As, 6.for, 7.a, 8.protecting, 9.action, 10.left Passage 2 1.animal, 2.longer, 3.activities, 4.dying, 5.largest, 6.with, 7.to protect, 8.example, 9.made, 10.of Passage 3 1.but, 2.to make, 3.in, 4.killing, 5.its, 6.Luckily, 7.a, 8.to care, 9.will live, 10.better Passage 4 1.its, 2.has, 3.because, 4.things, 5.are, 6.a, 7.in, 8.interested, 9.to give, 10.looking Passage 5 1.to, 2.lies, 3.a, 4.faced, 5.was covered, 6.completely, 7.To stop, 8.them, 9.hunters, 10.national 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 6 1.the, 2.weigh, 3.so, 4.in, 5.to save, 6.were, 7.smaller, 8.helping, 9.are working, 10.won’t die/doesn’t die Passage 7 1.the, 2.eyes, 3.run, 4.their, 5.so, 6.made, 7.for, 8.carefully, 9.will feel, 10.to protect Passage 8 1.a, 2.birth, 3.to have, 4.on, 5.are becoming, 6.action, 7.more, 8.have/to have, 9.to protect, 10.that Passage 9 1.wonderful, 2.travellers, 3.slow, 4.their, 5.an, 6.farther, 7.in, 8.amazing, 9.than, 10.began Passage 10 1.to know, 2.the, 3.hunting, 4.usually, 5.hunters, 6.aren’t/are not, 7.hearing, 8.for, 9.if, 10.to do 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——太空探索） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 China’s space programme has made great progress. In 2020, Chang’e 5 brought back samples from the moon. These samples 1 (study) by scientists, and they help us know more about the moon. China’s first long-term space station, Tiangong, has also been completed. Many astronauts have lived and worked 2 (board) it. In space, they become 3 (weight), so they have to be tied 4 to do exercise and sleep well. The Chinese people are proud of these achievements. In the future, more rockets 5 (launch) to explore space. New research stations 6 (build) on the moon, and maybe one day human beings will set foot 7 Mars. Scientists wonder whether life 8 (find) on other planets. If countries cooperate 9 each other, more of our dreams about space will come 10 . 【答案】 1．are studied 2．on board 3．weightless 4．down 5．will be launched 6．will be built 7．on 8．will be found 9．with 10．true 【导语】本文介绍中国航天事业取得的巨大成就，讲述嫦娥五号、天宫空间站相关情况，并展望未来太空探索的计划。 【详解】 1．句意：这些样本被科学家研究，它们帮助我们更多地了解月球。根据并列句谓语help可知此处描述当前状态，使用一般现在时的被动语态are studied。 2．句意：许多宇航员已经在空间站上生活和工作。固定短语on board表示“在（航天器、船）上”，符合语境。 3．句意：在太空里，他们会变得失重。weight是名词，此处作表语，需要形容词weightless，意为“失重的”。 4．句意：所以他们必须被固定住，来好好锻炼和睡觉。固定搭配tie down表示“拴住、固定”，符合太空场景。 5．句意：在未来，更多火箭将会被发射去探索太空。时间状语In the future表示将来，rockets和launch是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态will be launched。 6．句意：新的研究站将会被建造在月球上。In the future提示将来时态，research stations和build是被动关系，用一般将来时被动语态will be built。 7．句意：也许有一天人类会登陆火星。固定短语set foot on表示“踏上、登陆”，后接地点。 8．句意：科学家想知道在其他星球上生命是否会被发现。life和find是被动关系，表达将来的可能性，用一般将来时被动语态will be found。 9．句意：如果国家之间互相合作。固定搭配cooperate with sb.表示“与……合作”。 10．句意：更多关于太空的梦想将会实现。固定短语come true表示“（梦想）实现”。 Passage 2 China has named the nation’s first Mars rover Zhu Rong. In an ancient Chinese story, Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. He rode on two dragons. When he had a big fight 1 Gong Gong, the god of water, Zhu Rong won. But after 2 fight, the human world came into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven to the world. “Zhu Rong 3 (regard) as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture,” a space official said. “The first Mars rover is named Zhu Rong. All of 4 (we) see Zhu Rong as a well-suited name 5 symbolizes light and hope for space exploration in our country, and means to lead humans 6 (continue) exploration.” After 7 (leave) Earth in the summer of 2020, Zhu Rong circled Mars for several 8 (month) and landed on it in May, 2021. China sent up the 9 (world) first quantum satellite and Chang’e-5 has collected some 10 (value) samples on the moon. We have made great progress in space technology. 【答案】 1．with 2．the 3．is regarded 4．us 5．that/which 6．to continue 7．leaving 8．months 9．world’s 10．valuable 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国首辆火星车“祝融”的命名来源、神话背景以及我国航天领域取得的成就。 【详解】 1．句意：当他和水神共工展开一场大战时，祝融取得了胜利。have a big fight with sb.表示“和某人打斗”，本句讲述神话里祝融与共工交战的故事，符合上下文神话语境，故填with。 2．句意：但是在这场战斗之后，人类世界陷入一片漆黑。此处特指上文提到的祝融和共工的那场战斗，表特指要用定冠词the，承接前文的这场战争，故填the。 3．句意：“祝融在中国传统文化中被视作最早的火神，”一位航天工作人员说。主语Zhu Rong和regard之间是被动关系，表达“被看作”，要用一般现在时被动结构be regarded as；主语为单数，be动词用is，契合介绍神话人物的语境，故填is regarded。 4．句意：我们所有人都认为祝融是一个十分合适的名字，这个名字象征光明，寄托着我国太空探索的希望，寓意引领人类继续探索。介词of后面要用人称代词宾格形式，we的宾格是us，all of us表示“我们所有人”，用来表达大家对这个火星车命名的看法，故填us。 5．句意：我们所有人都认为祝融是一个十分合适的名字，这个名字象征光明，寄托着我国太空探索的希望，寓意引领人类继续探索。本句是定语从句，先行词name是事物，关系代词在从句中作主语，可以用that或者which，用来修饰先行词name，故填that/which。 6．句意：我们所有人都认为祝融是一个十分合适的名字，这个名字象征光明，寄托着我国太空探索的希望，寓意引领人类继续探索。lead sb to do sth.意为“带领某人做某事”，to后面接动词原形，此处表达引领人类持续开展太空探索，故填to continue。 7．句意：祝融在2020年夏天离开地球后，环绕火星运行了数月，并于2021年5月登陆火星。介词after后接动词，动词需要变为动名词形式，leave的动名词是leaving，用来介绍祝融离开地球之后的飞行历程，故填leaving。 8．句意：祝融在2020年夏天离开地球后，环绕火星运行了数月，并于2021年5月登陆火星。several意为“几个”，后面要接可数名词复数，month的复数形式是months，several months表示“数月”，符合语境，故填months。 9．句意：中国发射了世界上首颗量子卫星，嫦娥五号也在月球采集了一些珍贵样本。此处表达“世界的”，要用名词所有格world’s，world’s first 表示“世界首个”，用来修饰量子卫星，故填world’s。 10．句意：中国发射了世界上首颗量子卫星，嫦娥五号也在月球采集了一些珍贵样本。后面是名词samples，需要形容词修饰名词；value对应的形容词valuable意为“珍贵的”，valuable samples表示“珍贵样本”，契合探月采集样品的语境，故填valuable。 Passage 3 Human space exploration has developed greatly over the past few decades. More and more 1 (astronaut) have travelled into outer space. Before going into space, every astronaut must receive hard 2 (train). They need to learn lots of knowledge about space and practise 3 (deal) with all kinds of unexpected accidents. In space, there is no gravity. Their bodies will change 4 (great). Bones may become thinner and muscles get weaker. So they have to do exercise every day 5 (keep) strong. Scientists send unmanned spaceships 6 different planets. These machines collect information and send messages back 7 Earth. Although humans haven’t found clear signs 8 life outside Earth yet, the exploration never stops. Space teaches us 9 (we) position in the huge universe. It encourages teenagers 10 (study) science and keep curious about the unknown world. 【答案】 1．astronauts 2．training 3．dealing 4．greatly 5．to keep 6．to 7．to 8．of 9．our 10．to study 【导语】本文介绍人类太空探索的发展，讲述宇航员训练、太空环境特点以及太空探索的意义。 【详解】 1．句意：越来越多的宇航员进入了外太空。该处需一个名词，在句中作主语；短语“More and more”提示语义与“更多的”相关；“More and more”后接可数名词复数。故填astronauts。 2．句意：进入太空前，每位宇航员都必须接受艰苦的训练。该处需一个名词，在句中作宾语；“hard”提示语义与“训练”相关；形容词修饰名词，train的名词形式为training。故填training。 3．句意：他们需要学习大量太空知识，练习处理各类意外事故。该处需一个动名词，在句中作宾语；“practise”提示语义与“练习做某事”相关；固定搭配practise doing sth.表示“练习做某事”，后面接动名词。故填dealing。 4．句意：他们的身体将会发生很大变化。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语；“change”提示语义与“很大地”相关；副词修饰动词，great的副词形式为greatly。故填greatly。 5．句意：所以他们必须每天锻炼来保持强壮。该处需一个动词不定式，在句中作目的状语；“do exercise every day”提示语义与“为了保持强壮”相关；此处用不定式表做运动的目的。故填to keep。 6．句意：科学家发射无人宇宙飞船到不同的星球。该处需一个介词；“send...to...”提示语义与“去往”相关；固定搭配send sth. to sp.表示“把某物送往某地”。故填to。 7．句意：这些机器收集信息，把消息发送回地球。该处需一个介词；“send...back to...”提示语义与“回到”相关；固定搭配send sth. back to sp.表示“把某物送回某地”。故填to。 8．句意：虽然人类还没有发现地球之外存在生命的明确迹象，但探索从未停止。该处需一个介词；“signs”提示语义与“……的迹象”相关；固定搭配signs of...表示“……的迹象”。故填of。 9．句意：太空让我们明白我们在浩瀚宇宙中的位置。该处需一个形容词性物主代词，在句中作定语；名词“position”提示语义与“我们的”相关；修饰名词需要用形容词性物主代词，we对应的形容词性物主代词是our。故填our。 10．句意：它鼓励青少年学习科学，对未知世界保持好奇。该处需一个动词不定式；“encourages teenagers”提示语义与“鼓励某人做某事”相关；固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to study。 Passage 4 Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He has been a space lover 1 he was four. And after he entered primary school, he even gave his classmates a lesson about 2 (rocket) at an opening ceremony. Because of that, all of his friends called him the “rocket boy”. In 2022, Yan 3 (point) out a rocket was wrongly named in an educational video shown to visitors at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once 4 thanked him. In the same year, Yan made his decision 5 (build) his own rocket. It took him ten months to do research. He finally created his 6 (one) rocket. That rocket only travelled 200 metres in the air and then began to fall, and it didn’t open its parachute (降落伞) 7 the highest point. That day, Yan was 8 (excite) but unsatisfied. He researched the reason why he failed. He made changes in his choice of materials. Later, he launched his second rocket 9 (successful). Yan is busy with his schoolwork like other kids. His father believes that parents should leave more space for children. And he hopes that his son’s great dream will 10 (achieve) soon. As parents, he and his wife will give their son enough support. 【答案】 1．since 2．rockets 3．pointed 4．and 5．to build 6．first 7．at 8．excited 9．successfully 10．be achieved 【导语】本文主要介绍了浙江“火箭少年”严弘森从小热爱航天、独立思考并最终亲自动手设计和成功发射火箭的励志故事，同时传递了家长应该为孩子追求梦想提供空间与支持的教育理念。 【详解】 1．句意：自从四岁起，他即是个航天爱好者。根据“he was four”可知，此处指从他四岁起即是航天爱好者，since表示“自从”，符合语境。 2．句意：上小学后，他甚至在开学典礼上给同学们上了一堂关于火箭的课。此处泛指“火箭”这一类事物，用复数形式rockets。 3．句意：在2022年，严指出拉萨一家天文馆播放给参观者的教育视频里，一枚火箭的名称标注有误。根据“In 2022”可知，描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，point的过去式是pointed。 4．句意：天文馆立刻纠正了错误并感谢了他。空格前的“corrected the mistake”和空格后的“thanked him”是两个并列的动作，故用连词and，符合逻辑。 5．句意：在同一年，严下决心制作属于自己的火箭。固定搭配make one’s decision to do sth表示“下定决心做某事”，故此处填不定式to build，符合搭配和语法。 6．句意：他终于造出了他的第一枚火箭。根据“his...rocket”可知，此处需要序数词来修饰rocket，one的序数词是first，表示“第一”，符合语境。 7．句意：那枚火箭只在空中飞行了200米就开始坠落，并且没有在最高点打开降落伞。固定搭配at the highest point表示“在最高点”，故填介词at，符合语法和搭配。 8．句意：那一天，严很激动，但并不满意。此处需要形容词作表语，excite的形容词形式有excited和exciting，此处修饰人，用excited，表示“兴奋的、激动的”，符合语法和语境。 9．句意：后来，他成功地发射了他的第二枚火箭。此处需要副词修饰动词launched，successful的副词形式是successfully，表示“成功地”，符合语法。 10．句意：并且他希望他儿子的伟大梦想会很快实现。主语dream和谓语achieve之间是被动关系，故应使用被动语态，情态动词will后接动词原形，故填be achieved，符合语法。 Passage 5 The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie—worked for about eight hours and 1 (complete) the first space walk on May 22nd. What is life like in space? After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can 2 (eat) in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat. After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 3 go to bed, just like on Earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie 4 (they), so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put 5 a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 6 eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task. Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut’s daily life. 7 (keep) healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 8 (pound) may be a lot of work on Earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much 9 (easy). That means sports equipment needs to be 10 (special) designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed. 【答案】 1．completed 2．be eaten 3．and 4．themselves 5．in 6．an 7．To keep 8．pounds 9．easier 10．specially 【导语】本文介绍神舟二十号航天员完成首次出舱活动，并描述太空生活：航天员的饮食、睡眠方式，以及为保持健康进行锻炼，说明太空环境下运动器材需要特殊设计。 【详解】 1．句意：神舟二十号的航天员陈冬、陈中瑞和王杰工作了大约八小时，于5月22日完成了首次太空行走。and连接并列谓语，前文“worked”是一般过去时，此处动词也应用一般过去时，“complete”的过去式是“completed”。应填completed。 2．句意：在太空中，一些食物可以以自然形态食用，比如巧克力蛋糕和水果。主语“some foods”与“eat”之间是被动关系，“can”后接动词原形，被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”。应填be eaten。 3．句意：晚饭后，航天员休息、刷牙然后上床睡觉，就像在地球上一样。“have a rest, brush teeth”与“go to bed”是顺承关系，用连词“and”连接。应填and。 4．句意：睡觉时，他们必须把自己系起来，这样就不会漂浮或撞到东西。此处主语“they”与宾语是同一人，用反身代词“themselves”。应填themselves。 5．句意：他们通常使用放在小舱室里的睡袋。“put in”是固定搭配，意为“放进；置于”，符合“睡袋放在小舱室里”的语境。应填in。 6．句意：一般来说，航天员完成任务后每天有八小时的睡眠。“eight-hour”是以元音音素开头的复合形容词，前面用不定冠词“an”。应填an。 7．句意：为了保持健康，他们平均每天锻炼两小时。此处用动词不定式“To keep”作目的状语，表示“为了保持健康”。应填To keep。 8．句意：在地球上举200磅可能是很重的活。“200”后接可数名词复数，“pound”的复数是“pounds”。应填pounds。 9．句意：但在太空举同样的物体要容易得多。“much”修饰比较级，“easy”的比较级是“easier”。应填easier。 10．句意：这意味着运动器材需要专门设计。此处修饰动词“designed”，用副词“specially”（“special”的副词形式）。应填specially。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Space exploration plays an important role in modern science. During 1 15th Five-Year Plan period, China’s National Space Science Center will carry out a series of new satellite tasks, focusing on major frontiers (前沿领域) of space and the origin (起源) of life in the universe. Two key programs are Hongmeng and Kuafu-2. 2 (design) for the far side of the moon, the Hongmeng Program is made up of ten small satellites working together as a powerful team. Kuafu-2 will be the first satellite 3 (fly) over the polar (极地的) areas around the sun to collect valuable space information and send it back to Earth for further study. Since 2011, China’s space science program 4 (launch) eight advanced satellites in total. Great progress has been made in this field, bringing many new 5 (discover) of outer space. China keeps making its space research 6 (good) than before and has changed from “following others” to “keeping pace” in many high-tech fields. International 7 (cooperate) matters greatly in space exploration. Scientists work 8 (close) with research teams from different countries. All countries should unite together 9 space science can develop much faster. More new space projects 10 (carry) out in the near future to help humans explore more unknown secrets of the universe. 【答案】 1．the 2．Designed 3．to fly 4．has launched 5．discoveries 6．better 7．cooperation 8．closely 9．so 10．will be carried 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国 “十五五” 期间太空探索的相关卫星项目、取得的成就以及国际合作在航天领域的重要意义。 【详解】 1．句意：在第十五个五年规划期间，中国国家空间科学中心将开展一系列新卫星任务，聚焦太空前沿领域以及宇宙中生命的起源。序数词前要加定冠词the，15th是序数词，故填the。 2．句意：鸿蒙计划为月球背面而设计，由十颗小型卫星组成，协同工作形成强大的卫星集群。本句已有谓语is made up of，此处为非谓语动词；Hongmeng Program和design是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填Designed。 3．句意：夸父二号将是首颗飞越太阳极地区域的卫星，用来收集宝贵的太空信息并发回地球供进一步研究。固定结构：the first + 名词 +to do sth. 不定式作后置定语，表示 “第一个做某事的……”，故填to fly。 4．句意：自2011年以来，中国空间科学项目一共已经发射了八颗先进卫星。Since 2011是现在完成时标志，主语China’s space science program为单数，现在完成时结构has + 过去分词，launch过去分词launched，故填has launched。 5．句意：该领域取得巨大进展，带来许多关于外太空的新发现。many后面接可数名词复数；discover是动词，名词形式discovery，复数discoveries，故填discoveries。 6．句意：中国持续让太空研究比以往更好，在很多高科技领域已经从“跟跑”转变为“并跑”。句中than是比较级标志，good的比较级为better，故填better。 7．句意：国际合作在太空探索中至关重要。空格处在句中作主语，需要名词；cooperate是动词，名词形式cooperation，故填cooperation。 8．句意：科学家们和来自不同国家的研究团队密切合作。此处修饰动词work，要用副词；close形容词，副词形式closely，表示“密切地”，故填closely。 9．句意：所有国家应当团结在一起，这样太空科学才能发展得更快。前后两个完整句子，后半句是前半句带来的结果，so引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，这样”。故填so。 10．句意：在不久的将来，更多新太空项目将会被实施，帮助人类探索宇宙更多未知奥秘。in the near future表示一般将来时；projects和carry out是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态will be + 过去分词，carry过去分词是carried，故填will be carried。 Passage 2 In the coming years, human space exploration will enter an exciting new era. Many ambitious missions 61 (carry) out by space agencies around the world. First, a new generation of space telescopes 1 (launch) to search for habitable planets. These telescopes will be much 2 (powerful) than those we have today, and it is hoped that chemical signs of life 3 (discover) in deep space. Second, manned missions to the moon will be resumed. Before 2030, Chinese astronauts 4 (send) to step onto the lunar surface. A permanent international lunar research station 5 (build) near the moon’s south pole, 6 water ice is believed to exist. Later, missions to Mars will be prepared. Because a trip to Mars takes months, new technologies 7 (need) to protect astronauts from radiation. Fresh vegetables will be grown inside spacecraft, 8 water will be 100 percent recycled. Space exploration shows that humanity is capable 9 achieving great things. As technology advances, our wildest dreams about the cosmos will gradually come true. 【答案】 1．will be carried 2．will be launched 3．more powerful 4．will be discovered 5．will be sent 6．will be built 7．where 8．will be needed 9．and 10．of 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍在未来数年人类太空探索将开启全新时代，依次介绍新一代太空望远镜、载人登月工程、月球科研站建设以及火星探测任务，最后点明太空探索证明人类有能力实现伟大梦想。 【详解】 1．句意：世界各地的航天机构将开展许多宏大的任务。主语missions和carry out是被动关系；时间In the coming years表示将来，用一般将来时被动语态，故填will be carried。 2．句意：首先，新一代太空望远镜将会被发射，用来搜寻宜居行星。主语telescopes和launch是被动关系，全文为将来的规划，用一般将来时被动语态，故填will be launched。 3．句意：这些望远镜将会比我们如今拥有的强大得多。后面有than表示比较，powerful使用比较级more powerful。 4．句意：人们希望在深空能够发现生命的化学信号。主语chemical signs of life和discover是被动关系，是将来有望发生的事，用一般将来时被动语态，故填will be discovered。 5．句意：2030年前，中国宇航员将被送往月球表面。主语astronauts和send是被动关系，Before 2030 表将来时间，用一般将来时被动语态，故填will be sent。 6．句意：一座永久性国际月球科研站将在月球南极附近建造。主语research station和build是被动关系，属于未来规划，一般将来时被动语态，故填will be built。 7．句意：一座永久性国际月球科研站将在月球南极附近建造，那里被认为存在水冰。先行词moon’s south pole是地点，此句为非限制性定语从句，用关系副词where。 8．句意：因为前往火星的旅程需要数月，所以需要新技术来保护宇航员免受辐射伤害。主语new technologies和need是被动关系，描述未来任务所需条件，一般将来时被动语态，故填will be needed。 9．句意：新鲜蔬菜将在航天器内部种植，并且水资源将会100%循环利用。前后两个分句是并列关系，用and连接。 10．句意：太空探索表明人类有能力完成伟大的事情。固定搭配be capable of doing sth.表示“有能力做某事”，介词用of。 Passage 3 It is known to all that Mars is a mysterious planet. The Zhurong rover 1 (land) successfully on Mars in 2021, completing its main mission. It worked quietly on the red planet and sent valuable data back to Earth. Scientists use modern 2 (telescope) to observe distant stars and planets. They study the environment of Mars 3 (careful) and try to find possible signs of water. Mars is quite different 4 Earth in many ways, and it is much 5 (cold) on average. It is reported that 6 new probe will be sent to Mars in the coming years. The project will lay a solid foundation for future manned space tasks. A large amount of data 7 (collect) by scientific tools every year for further research. With the rapid 8 (develop) of space technology, our country will go further into the universe. Many teenagers show great interest in space exploration and dream of being astronauts. They hold on to their dreams and never give 9 easily. We believe more amazing space achievements 10 (realize) one day. 【答案】 1．landed 2．telescopes 3．carefully 4．from 5．colder 6．a 7．is collected 8．development 9．up 10．will be realized 【导语】本文通过介绍“祝融号”成功登陆火星、科学家对火星的观测研究以及青少年对太空探索的兴趣，说明航天技术发展的重要意义，指出坚持梦想并不断探索有助于实现更多太空成就。 【详解】 1．句意：祝融号火星车于2021年成功登陆火星，完成了其主要任务。由时间状语“in 2021”可知事情发生在过去，需用一般过去时，故填landed。 2．句意：科学家使用现代望远镜观测遥远的恒星和行星。“telescope”为可数名词，此处表示复数泛指，需用复数形式，故填telescopes。 3．句意：他们仔细研究火星环境，并试图寻找可能存在的水的迹象。修饰动词“study”需用副词，故填carefully。 4．句意：火星在许多方面与地球相当不同，而且火星平均来说要冷得多。固定搭配“be different from”表示“与……不同”，故填from。 5．句意：火星在许多方面与地球相当不同，而且火星平均来说要冷得多。前有“much”修饰，且与地球相比，需用cold的比较级，故填colder。 6．句意：据报道，一颗新探测器将在未来几年被送往火星。“probe”为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一颗新探测器”，需用不定冠词a。 7．句意：每年大量数据被科学工具收集，用于进一步研究。主语“A large amount of data”与collect之间为被动关系，且由“every year”可知用一般现在时被动语态；data作主语视为不可数，故填is collected。 8．句意：随着航天技术的快速发展，我国将更深入地探索宇宙。“rapid”修饰名词，develop的名词形式为development。 9．句意：他们坚持梦想，从不轻易放弃。固定搭配“give up”表示“放弃”，故填up。 10．句意：我们相信总有一天会实现更多令人惊叹的太空成就。主语“more amazing space achievements”与realize之间为被动关系，且表示将来，需用一般将来时被动语态，故填will be realized。 Passage 4 A piece of spotted (有斑点的) rock on Mars may show that life once existed there. In 2024, NASA’s Mars rover “Perseverance” dug into this rock. It is in 1 old, dry river bed on Mars. Scientists named the rock “Sapphire Canyon (蓝宝石峡谷)”. Perseverance’s job is 2 (find) signs of old life on Mars, collect rocks and soil samples (样品), and get them ready to bring back to Earth. Sending 3 (rocket) to bring the samples back is one of the biggest tasks. The rover looked at Sapphire Canyon and found 4 (mystery) things in the rock. These could be from very old living things. The rock has two special chemicals. On Earth, these chemicals often come 5 small living things or things that rot (腐烂). Scientists call these clues “potential biosignatures (潜在的生物特征)”, 6 these chemicals can also form in other ways, like very high heat. It is 7 (possible) to know for sure what made the spots until we get the rock sample back to Earth. A plan to bring the samples back is called the Mars Sample Return Mission. This mission 8 (require) a lot of hard work, but its details are not ready yet. The mission is very important, so it is being 9 (work) on carefully. We can’t 10 (complete) know if there was life on Mars, but these clues make us want to keep exploring. We hope to learn more about Mars’ past. 【答案】 1．an 2．to find 3．rockets 4．mysterious 5．from 6．but 7．impossible 8．requires 9．worked 10．completely 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的“毅力号”火星探测器在火星一块有斑点的岩石中发现了可能表明生命曾经存在过的潜在生物特征，以及未来火星样本返回任务的计划与意义。 【详解】 1．句意：它位于火星上一个古老的干涸河床中。此处泛指“一个古老的、干涸的河床”，需用不定冠词；且old以元音音素开头，故填an。 2．句意：“毅力号”的工作是在火星上寻找早期生命的迹象，收集岩石和土壤样本，并准备好将它们带回地球。此处需用动词不定式作表语，说明主语job的具体内容，且与后文省略to的并列动词collect和get保持结构一致，故填to find。 3．句意：发射火箭将样本带回是最大的任务之一。rocket为可数名词，此处泛指“火箭”且前无限定词，应用复数形式表示类别，故填rockets。 4．句意：探测器观察了蓝宝石峡谷，并在岩石中发现了一些神秘的东西。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词复数things，mystery的形容词形式为mysterious（神秘的），故填mysterious。 5．句意：在地球上，这些化学物质通常来自微小的生物或腐烂的物体。come from是固定搭配，表示“来自，源于”，故填from。 6．句意：科学家将这些线索称为“潜在的生物特征”。但是，这些化学物质也可以通过其他方式形成，例如极高的热量。前文提到这些化学物质可能来自生物，后文指出也可以通过其他途径形成，前后存在明显的转折关系；故填but。 7．句意：在我们把岩石样本带回地球之前，要确切知道是什么造成了这些斑点是不可能的。结合语境“until we get the rock sample back to Earth”可知，在带回样本前还无法确定，需用possible的否定形式impossible（不可能的）；“It is impossible to do sth.”表示“做某事是不可能的”，故填impossible。 8．句意：这项任务需要大量的艰苦工作，但其细节尚未准备就绪。此处陈述客观情况，需用一般现在时；主语This mission为第三人称单数，谓语动词需加-s，故填requires。 9．句意：这项任务非常重要，因此正在被认真推进。主语it（指代这项任务）与动词work之间是被动关系，此处为现在进行时的被动语态（is being done），故填worked。 10．句意：我们不能完全确定火星上是否曾经存在过生命，但这些线索让我们想要继续探索。此处需用副词修饰动词know，complete的副词形式为completely（完全地），故填completely。 Passage 5 Fifty years ago, China 1 (success) launched its first satellite, Dongfanghong 1, and started a new chapter in space exploration. To mark 2 50th anniversary, the China National Space Administration announced the name for the country’s Mars planetary exploration program on 24 April. The mission, Tianwen, got its name from a long poem Tianwen 3 (write) by Qu Yuan, a famous poet of the Warring States Period. In the poem, Qu raised a series of questions concerning the sky, stars, natural phenomena (现象), myths and the real world, reflecting his doubts on traditional ideas and his pursuit (追求) of truth. So far, China 4 (make) remarkable progress in space exploration. In 1970, China launched its first man-made Earth satellite, becoming the 5 (five) country in the world to launch man-made satellites independently, 6 the former Soviet Union, America, France and Japan. Over the past few years, China’s missions, 7 (include) the Shenzhou and Chang’e series, which were designed 8 (explore) outer space, have expanded mankind’s understanding of Earth and the universe. This time, the Tianwen series will carry 9 the first Mars exploration mission, which represents a milestone for China’s move towards deep space. With the name deeply rooted in Chinese 10 (tradition) culture, Tianwen demonstrates (显示) the determination and perseverance of Chinese people to move further into deep space. 【答案】 1．successfully 2．the 3．written 4．has made 5．fifth 6．after 7．including 8．to explore 9．out 10．traditional 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国航天事业的发展历程，特别是“天问”火星探测计划的命名背景及其意义。 【详解】 1．句意：50年前，中国成功发射了第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”，开启了太空探索的新篇章。修饰动词launched需用副词，success的副词形式是successfully。 2．句意：4月24日，为纪念50周年，中国国家航天局宣布了中国火星行星探测计划的名称。序数词50th前需加定冠词the，表特指这个50周年纪念日。 3．句意：这一使命名为“天问”，得名于战国时期著名诗人屈原的一首长诗《天问》。句中已有谓语动词got，空处动词作非谓语使用，《天问》是被屈原创作的长诗，应用write的过去分词written作后置定语，表被动。 4．句意：到目前为止，中国在太空探索方面取得了令人瞩目的进展。时间状语So far是现在完成时的标志，主语China是单数，故用has made。 5．句意：1970年，中国发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为继前苏联、美国、法国和日本之后，世界上第五个独立发射人造卫星的国家。此处表示继前苏联、美国、法国和日本的“第五个国家”，需用序数词fifth。 6．句意：1970年，中国发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为继前苏联、美国、法国和日本之后，世界上第五个独立发射人造卫星的国家。中国是继前苏联、美国、法国和日本之后世界上第五个独立发射人造卫星的国家，介词after表“在……之后”，符合逻辑。 7．句意：在过去的几年里，中国的任务，包括神舟和嫦娥系列，旨在探索外层空间，扩大了人类对地球和宇宙的了解。中国太空任务包含神舟和嫦娥系列，此处应用介词including作状语，引出列举的任务对象。 8．句意：在过去的几年里，中国的任务，包括神舟和嫦娥系列，旨在探索外层空间，扩大了人类对地球和宇宙的了解。固定搭配be designed to do sth.表示“被设计来做某事”，故填不定式to explore。 9．句意：这一次，“天问”系列将执行首次火星探测任务，这是中国向深空迈进的一个里程碑。固定短语carry out表示“执行、实施”，符合“执行首次火星探测任务”的语境。 10．句意：“天问”这个名字深深植根于中国传统文化，体现了中国人向太空深处迈进的决心和毅力。修饰名词culture需用形容词，tradition的形容词形式是traditional。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——太空探索） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 China’s space programme has made great progress. In 2020, Chang’e 5 brought back samples from the moon. These samples 1 (study) by scientists, and they help us know more about the moon. China’s first long-term space station, Tiangong, has also been completed. Many astronauts have lived and worked 2 (board) it. In space, they become 3 (weight), so they have to be tied 4 to do exercise and sleep well. The Chinese people are proud of these achievements. In the future, more rockets 5 (launch) to explore space. New research stations 6 (build) on the moon, and maybe one day human beings will set foot 7 Mars. Scientists wonder whether life 8 (find) on other planets. If countries cooperate 9 each other, more of our dreams about space will come 10 . Passage 2 China has named the nation’s first Mars rover Zhu Rong. In an ancient Chinese story, Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. He rode on two dragons. When he had a big fight 1 Gong Gong, the god of water, Zhu Rong won. But after 2 fight, the human world came into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven to the world. “Zhu Rong 3 (regard) as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture,” a space official said. “The first Mars rover is named Zhu Rong. All of 4 (we) see Zhu Rong as a well-suited name 5 symbolizes light and hope for space exploration in our country, and means to lead humans 6 (continue) exploration.” After 7 (leave) Earth in the summer of 2020, Zhu Rong circled Mars for several 8 (month) and landed on it in May, 2021. China sent up the 9 (world) first quantum satellite and Chang’e-5 has collected some 10 (value) samples on the moon. We have made great progress in space technology. Passage 3 Human space exploration has developed greatly over the past few decades. More and more 1 (astronaut) have travelled into outer space. Before going into space, every astronaut must receive hard 2 (train). They need to learn lots of knowledge about space and practise 3 (deal) with all kinds of unexpected accidents. In space, there is no gravity. Their bodies will change 4 (great). Bones may become thinner and muscles get weaker. So they have to do exercise every day 5 (keep) strong. Scientists send unmanned spaceships 6 different planets. These machines collect information and send messages back 7 Earth. Although humans haven’t found clear signs 8 life outside Earth yet, the exploration never stops. Space teaches us 9 (we) position in the huge universe. It encourages teenagers 10 (study) science and keep curious about the unknown world. Passage 4 Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He has been a space lover 1 he was four. And after he entered primary school, he even gave his classmates a lesson about 2 (rocket) at an opening ceremony. Because of that, all of his friends called him the “rocket boy”. In 2022, Yan 3 (point) out a rocket was wrongly named in an educational video shown to visitors at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once 4 thanked him. In the same year, Yan made his decision 5 (build) his own rocket. It took him ten months to do research. He finally created his 6 (one) rocket. That rocket only travelled 200 metres in the air and then began to fall, and it didn’t open its parachute (降落伞) 7 the highest point. That day, Yan was 8 (excite) but unsatisfied. He researched the reason why he failed. He made changes in his choice of materials. Later, he launched his second rocket 9 (successful). Yan is busy with his schoolwork like other kids. His father believes that parents should leave more space for children. And he hopes that his son’s great dream will 10 (achieve) soon. As parents, he and his wife will give their son enough support. Passage 5 The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie—worked for about eight hours and 1 (complete) the first space walk on May 22nd. What is life like in space? After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can 2 (eat) in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat. After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 3 go to bed, just like on Earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie 4 (they), so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put 5 a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 6 eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task. Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut’s daily life. 7 (keep) healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 8 (pound) may be a lot of work on Earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much 9 (easy). That means sports equipment needs to be 10 (special) designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Space exploration plays an important role in modern science. During 1 15th Five-Year Plan period, China’s National Space Science Center will carry out a series of new satellite tasks, focusing on major frontiers (前沿领域) of space and the origin (起源) of life in the universe. Two key programs are Hongmeng and Kuafu-2. 2 (design) for the far side of the moon, the Hongmeng Program is made up of ten small satellites working together as a powerful team. Kuafu-2 will be the first satellite 3 (fly) over the polar (极地的) areas around the sun to collect valuable space information and send it back to Earth for further study. Since 2011, China’s space science program 4 (launch) eight advanced satellites in total. Great progress has been made in this field, bringing many new 5 (discover) of outer space. China keeps making its space research 6 (good) than before and has changed from “following others” to “keeping pace” in many high-tech fields. International 7 (cooperate) matters greatly in space exploration. Scientists work 8 (close) with research teams from different countries. All countries should unite together 9 space science can develop much faster. More new space projects 10 (carry) out in the near future to help humans explore more unknown secrets of the universe. Passage 2 In the coming years, human space exploration will enter an exciting new era. Many ambitious missions 61 (carry) out by space agencies around the world. First, a new generation of space telescopes 1 (launch) to search for habitable planets. These telescopes will be much 2 (powerful) than those we have today, and it is hoped that chemical signs of life 3 (discover) in deep space. Second, manned missions to the moon will be resumed. Before 2030, Chinese astronauts 4 (send) to step onto the lunar surface. A permanent international lunar research station 5 (build) near the moon’s south pole, 6 water ice is believed to exist. Later, missions to Mars will be prepared. Because a trip to Mars takes months, new technologies 7 (need) to protect astronauts from radiation. Fresh vegetables will be grown inside spacecraft, 8 water will be 100 percent recycled. Space exploration shows that humanity is capable 9 achieving great things. As technology advances, our wildest dreams about the cosmos will gradually come true. Passage 3 It is known to all that Mars is a mysterious planet. The Zhurong rover 1 (land) successfully on Mars in 2021, completing its main mission. It worked quietly on the red planet and sent valuable data back to Earth. Scientists use modern 2 (telescope) to observe distant stars and planets. They study the environment of Mars 3 (careful) and try to find possible signs of water. Mars is quite different 4 Earth in many ways, and it is much 5 (cold) on average. It is reported that 6 new probe will be sent to Mars in the coming years. The project will lay a solid foundation for future manned space tasks. A large amount of data 7 (collect) by scientific tools every year for further research. With the rapid 8 (develop) of space technology, our country will go further into the universe. Many teenagers show great interest in space exploration and dream of being astronauts. They hold on to their dreams and never give 9 easily. We believe more amazing space achievements 10 (realize) one day. Passage 4 A piece of spotted (有斑点的) rock on Mars may show that life once existed there. In 2024, NASA’s Mars rover “Perseverance” dug into this rock. It is in 1 old, dry river bed on Mars. Scientists named the rock “Sapphire Canyon (蓝宝石峡谷)”. Perseverance’s job is 2 (find) signs of old life on Mars, collect rocks and soil samples (样品), and get them ready to bring back to Earth. Sending 3 (rocket) to bring the samples back is one of the biggest tasks. The rover looked at Sapphire Canyon and found 4 (mystery) things in the rock. These could be from very old living things. The rock has two special chemicals. On Earth, these chemicals often come 5 small living things or things that rot (腐烂). Scientists call these clues “potential biosignatures (潜在的生物特征)”, 6 these chemicals can also form in other ways, like very high heat. It is 7 (possible) to know for sure what made the spots until we get the rock sample back to Earth. A plan to bring the samples back is called the Mars Sample Return Mission. This mission 8 (require) a lot of hard work, but its details are not ready yet. The mission is very important, so it is being 9 (work) on carefully. We can’t 10 (complete) know if there was life on Mars, but these clues make us want to keep exploring. We hope to learn more about Mars’ past. Passage 5 Fifty years ago, China 1 (success) launched its first satellite, Dongfanghong 1, and started a new chapter in space exploration. To mark 2 50th anniversary, the China National Space Administration announced the name for the country’s Mars planetary exploration program on 24 April. The mission, Tianwen, got its name from a long poem Tianwen 3 (write) by Qu Yuan, a famous poet of the Warring States Period. In the poem, Qu raised a series of questions concerning the sky, stars, natural phenomena (现象), myths and the real world, reflecting his doubts on traditional ideas and his pursuit (追求) of truth. So far, China 4 (make) remarkable progress in space exploration. In 1970, China launched its first man-made Earth satellite, becoming the 5 (five) country in the world to launch man-made satellites independently, 6 the former Soviet Union, America, France and Japan. Over the past few years, China’s missions, 7 (include) the Shenzhou and Chang’e series, which were designed 8 (explore) outer space, have expanded mankind’s understanding of Earth and the universe. This time, the Tianwen series will carry 9 the first Mars exploration mission, which represents a milestone for China’s move towards deep space. With the name deeply rooted in Chinese 10 (tradition) culture, Tianwen demonstrates (显示) the determination and perseverance of Chinese people to move further into deep space. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $