必修二 Unit 6 Earth First-【创新教程】2027年高考英语艺考生文化课百日冲关课时作业（外研版）

艺考生文化课百日冲关英语(WY) 课时 Unit 6 作业 I.阅读理解 话题：手提箱大，脱盐装置 Even though water covers about 71 per- cent of the Earth's surface,not all of it is safe to drink.In fact,less than three percent is fresh water,according to the United States Bureau of Reclamation.Most of the water is contained in the oceans and must be desalina- ted(脱盐)for use.Now researchers from MIT have developed a suitcase-sized desalina- tion device that could be used to produce clean drinking water. The new portable device produces water that actually goes beyond the World Health Organization standards,just by pushing a button,according to a press release from MIT.There are no filters required.The de- vice powered by a small portable solar panel uses electricity to remove salt and other parti- cles from the saltwater.This eliminates the need for repeatedly checking or repairing it. Now most available portable desalination units use filters that require high-pressure pumps to push the water,which makes them heavier and less energy efficient.The filter- less feature of the new device will allow it to be used in faraway places or places with limit- ed resources like small islands and ships,and even for emergencies. "This is really the highest point of a 10- year journey that I and my group have been on.We worked for years on the physics be- hind individual desalination processes,but pushing all those advances into a box,build- ing a system,and testing it in the ocean were really meaningful experiences for me,says Jongyoon Han,the senior author of the study. After the researchers ran tests in the lab, the device was ready for field tests.At Boston's Carson Beach,the device filled a plastic drinking cup with clear,drinkable wa- 3 基础必备必修第二册 Earth first ter in just half an hour.Now the researchers are still working on a final design that could use cheaper materials so that it can be availa- ble to the general public,and a new model of the device could be ready by the end of 2022. This small but powerful desalination unit may be the key to bringing safe water to a thirsty world. 1.What does the underlined word "elimi- nates"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Proves. B.Creates. C.Satisfies. D.Removes. 2.What can we infer about the device from Paragraph 3? A.It allows high production of clean water. B.It makes a breakthrough in application. C.It may provide power for faraway places. D.It can replace most desalination devices. 3.What do Jongyoon Han's words suggest? A.The public thinks highly of the device. B.The testing system for the device has been out of date. C.Developing the device is challenging but worthwhile. D.Further studies are needed before mar- keting the device. 4.Which aspect of the device are the research- ers trying to improve? A.Its affordability. B.The energy it needs. C.Its performance in dry areas. D.The purity of the water it produces. Ⅱ.应用文写作（通知） 假如你是校学生会主席李华，为提升同学 环保意识，你校准备于下周六开展“垃圾分类 助推活动”，请代表学校写一则书面通知，向留 学生介绍活动的具体安排，内容包括： 1.活动意义； 2.具体安排： 3.报名方式。 提示词：垃圾分类garbage sorting 13· 班级： 姓名： 学号： [答题栏] 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 1 2 Ⅲ.读后续写 话题：“垃圾女孩”，令人尊重 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之 构成一个完整的故事。 I was moving as fast as I could,stepping cautiously from rock to rock along the uneven jetty(栈桥).Far ahead,I could see the back of my brother's sandy hair and the bright or- ange of his shorts. “Too slow,sister!”I heard Sam yell as he hopped with ease. “I'll show him,”I thought,and attemp- ted a double jump.What a mistake!My left foot came down hard between the edges of two gray rocks.scraping my ankle.“Ouch!”I yelled.I tried to wiggle(扭动)my foot out, but my shoe was stuck.I bent closer to the rock and that's when I saw it:a shiny,square shaped stone the color of water,attached to a glittery gold chain.It was just lying there on the wet sand,and a few seconds later it was in my pocket. Sam squinted(眯着眼睛看)in the sun. Could he tell I was hiding the most perfect discovery of the summer?I kept turning the treasure around in my pocket,pushing each corner of the square stone into my finger.I was dizzy,but I didn't want Sam to notice. He liked to tell everybody my business. "Ryan saved the mini cola bottle from the carnival!It happened to be perfect for sand art！” "Ryan wasted her allowance on salt and pepper shakers from the yard sale!"They were antique little pig and cost only 50 cents. ·3 My family calls me their "little collector. Some mean kids at school call me“trash girl”. Sam and I walked along the main street, the small buildings giving us a break from the sun.Through the window of the candy shop, I could see tubes of colorful jelly beans.A sign on the window's glass read LOST:Gold and blue necklace.Very special.If found,call Chrissy at 555-9924. Chrissy had drawn a crayon version of the necklace at the bottom of the poster.The necklace looked different from the one I clutched in my pocket,I decided.Rounder, bluer.The poster appeared old and weath- ered.It must have been put up months ago. We continued to walk,and I noticed four more posters.Someone must have returned that necklace by now,I thought. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Once home,I placed the necklace in my spe- cial spot for special things,lost in thought. Fifteen minutes later,I was sitting across from Chrissy in the candy shop. [日积月累]读后续写 Looking at the blue stone in her hand with her tearful eyes,she told me that the necklace was a gift from her mom before she got sick and she was grateful to me for returning the necklace to her. 句意：3.AL细节理解题。根据第二段“Over time my job had become less fulfilling.As I looked at what I wanted to accomplish in the last years of my working life,this wasn't it.So I prepared carefully and left my job. 时间的推移，我的工作变得不那么有成就感了。当我看 到我在工作生涯的最后几年想要完成的事情时，事实并 非如此。所以我认真准备，然后离开了工作。)”可知作 者辞职的原因是因为作者在工作中无法获得成就感。] 4.C「推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“From that day on,I saw my daughter in a new way.I began to learn to appreciate her,.(从那天起，我以一种新的方式看待我的 女儿。我开始学会欣赏她。)”可推理出作者改变了看待 女儿的方式，从新的角度看待女儿。 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍一种长在树上 的自行车，即用白蜡树做成的环保自行车。 5.B[主旨大意题。根据第二段“‘It's great to push for more bikes and fewer cars on the road,but there's no es- caping the fact that the bike industry as a whole is pretty energy intensive,'Dix told Cycling Industry,'I've al- ways tried to minimize environmental impact in my work.Rather than relying on heavily-processed metals, or layers of plastic that will one day end up in landfill, I'm building bikes from captured carbon,in a process powered by sunlight,’(迪克斯告诉《自行车产业》：‘推 动道路上多骑自行车、少开汽车是件好事，但不可否认 的事实是，自行车行业作为一个整体是相当能源密集型 的。我一直试图在工作中尽量减少对环境的影响。我 不是依靠经过大量加工的金属，或者有一天会被扔进垃 圾填埋场的塑料，我从捕获的碳中制造自行车，这个过 程由阳光驱动。)”可知，迪克斯介绍了选择制造自行车 材料的原因：尽量减少对环境的影响。] 6.B[习语猜测题。根据第三段最后两句“Dix explained, 'I was running along battered roads that would have shaken me to bits on an aluminum bike.The penny dropped:Not only could I make a bike out of wood,but it had inherent advantages over other materials.' 斯解释说：‘我当时正沿着崎岖的道路行驶，如果骑在铝 制自行车上，我可能会被震成碎片。我不仅可以用木头 制造自行车，而且它比其他材料具有固有的优势。’)”可 知，在崎岖的道路上，如果骑在铝制自行车上可能会被 震成碎片，从而说明了木头制造的自行车比其他材料更 具有优势。根据句意及划线词后的冒号可知，前句铝制 自行车的情况更加证明了后句木头制造自行车的优势， 即，The truth came out..引出真相。] 7.C[推理判断题。根据末段“Though cutting down trees can add to more carbon in the atmosphere,sustainable tree farming is possible.Dix said that manufacturing a British tonne of aluminum results in carbon emissions of 4,532 kg while producing a tonne of wood only emits 457 kg.Currently,the cost of a new Twmpa Cycle is out of reach for many bicycle riders;but the idea of using sustainable materials like ash trees could start a new cyc- ling revolution that puts the environment first.Helping the environment could be just a pedal away,(虽然砍伐 树木会增加大气中的碳含量，但可持续的树木种植是可 能的。迪克斯说，生产一吨铝会产生4532公斤的碳排 放，而生产一吨木材只会产生457公斤的碳排放。目前 一辆新的Twmpa自行车的价格超出了许多骑自行车的 人的承受能力：但是，使用像白蜡树这样的可持续材料 的想法可能会引发一场新的自行车草命，将环境放在第 一位。帮助环境可能只是一个踏板之遥。)”可知，虽然 砍伐树木制造自行车会增加大气中的碳含量，但是使用 像白蜡树这样的可持续材料的想法可能会引发一场新 的自行车草命，将环境放在第一位。木制自行车利大 于弊。] 8.A[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据首段第二句 "Bicycles are typically made of steel or aluminum but now there is a unique company that is growing bikes on ·4们 参考答案 trees,literally.(自行车通常是由钢或铝制成的，但现在 有一家独特的公司正在树上种植自行车。)”可知，本文 主要介绍一种长在树上的自行车，即，用白蜡树做成的 环保自行车。Amazing?Bikes Grow on Trees'“神奇吗？ 自行车长在树上”符合全文大意。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。摄影是一种随着技术 的进步而变得越来越好的艺术形式。文章主要介绍了提 高摄影水平的四个建议。 l.G[根据上文“Photography is an art form that just gets better and better as technology improves,.(摄影是一种随 着技术的进步而变得越来越好的艺术形式。)”以及后文 "Here are a few you can try today to help you become a better artist tomorrow!(这里有一些你今天可以尝试， 帮助你明天成为一个更好的艺术家的方法！)”可知，上 文提到了摄影，后文则提到了一些提高摄影水平的方 法，故G选项“有很多简单易行的方法可以帮助你提高 你的摄影水平。”符合语境。] 2.D[根据上文“One of the best things I did was setting up a daily practice.(我做的最好的一件事就是开始每天 练习。)”以及后文“We feel that the lighting has to be perfect,the subject...to do is practice.Practice regular- ly and consistently..”可知，后文提到我们总是要求一切 都必须是完美的，说明对自己过于苛刻，试图等待最完 美的机会，D选项中the most prefect对应后文中tobe prefect。故D选项“通常，我们是自己最大的批评者，试 图等待最完美的机会。”符合语境。] 3.E[根据上文“Manual mode is more than just a button on your camera.It is a chance for you to really under- stand how exposure works by controlling the elements such as shutter speed,fstop,and IS)”可知，上文提到 了控制快门速度、光圈和IS)等元素来真正了解曝光原 理的机会，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明控制 这些元素的影响是：你摆弄这些元素越多，你就会了解 到更多你自己的摄影风格，E选项中these elements对应 上文中the elements。故E选项“你摆弄这些元素越多， 你就会了解到更多你自己的摄影风格。”符合语境。] 4.B[根据本段内容“There are many different ways to add...help you break up the dullness of your own work. (有很多不同的方法可以给你的摄影增加一点创造力。 使用双曝光或三次曝光，通过元素拍摄，甚至使用快门 速度都可以是一种不同的方式。所有这些技巧都能帮 助你摆脱工作的枯操。)”可知，本段主要是关于如何给 摄影增加创造性，B选项中creative对应后文中creativi- y。故B选项“在你的摄影中尝试创造性的拍摄。”符合 语境。 5.F根据上文“I had a very limited knowledge of light (我对光的了解非常有限。)”以及后文“I learned very quickly that I needed to get out of my comfort zone and figure out how to photograph different lighting situa- tions..”可知，后文提到了走出舒适区，推测本句是在说 明居住地的情况。故F选项“但是住在芝加哥，我们的 夏天很短，秋天通常是雨水、雷暴和更多雨水的混合。 符合语境。 日积月累状语独立主格我艰难地坐在一块岩石上， 开始哭泣，恐惧变得更加严重。 Unit 6 I.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲麻省理工 学院的研究人员已经开发出一种手提箱大小的脱盐装置， 可以用来生产清洁的饮用水。 l.D[词义猜测题。由文章第二段“There are no filters required.The device powered by a small portable solar panel uses electricity to remove salt and other particles from the saltwater..(该装置由一个小型便携式太阳能电 池板供电，利用电力去除盐水中的盐和其他微粒。)”以 及第三段“Now most available portable desalination units use filters that require high-pressure pumps to push the water,which makes them heavier and less energy effi- cient,.(现在大多数便携式脱盐装置都使用需要高压泵 3 艺考生文化课百日冲关英语(WY) 推动水的过滤器，这使得它们更重，能效更低)”可知，与 以前的设备对比，新设备更简单更轻更有效，能“消除” 反复检查或维修这些问题。所以推测eliminate是“消 除，排除”的意思。] 2.B[推理判断题。由文章第三段“The filterless feature of the new device will allow it to be used in faraway places or places with limited resources like small islands and ships,and even for emergencies..(新设备的无过滤 器功能将允许它用于遥远的地方或资源有限的地方，如 小岛屿和船只，甚至用于紧急情况。)”可知，新设备在运 用的场地方面有了突破。」 3.C[推理判断题。由文章第四段“‘This is really the highest point of a 10-year journey that I and my group have been on.We worked for years on the physics be- hind individual desalination processes,but pushing all those advances into a box,building a system,and testing it in the ocean were really meaningful experiences for me,' says Jongyoon Han,the senior author of the study..(该研究 的资深作者Jongyoon Han说：‘这真的是我和我的团队 十年旅程中的最高点。我们多年来一直致力于个体脱 盐过程背后的物理研究，但把所有这些进展都推到一个 盒子里，建立一个系统，并在海洋中进行测试，对我来说 是非常有意义的经历。)”可知，研发这个装置很有挑战 性，但Jongyoon Han也认为这很有意义，是值得的。] 4.A[细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Now the research- ers are still working on a final design that could use chea- per materials so that it can be available to the general public,and a new model of the device could be ready by the end of2022.(现在，研究人员仍在研究最终设计，该 设计可以使用更便宜的材料，以便公众可以使用，2022 年底该设备的新型号可能会准备就绪。)”可知，现在研 究者正在考虑价格问题，准备使用更便宜的材料以致于 公众能够购买得起。] Ⅱ.[参考范文] Notice Garbage Sorting Activities To raise students'awareness of environmental protec- tion and promote garbage sorting on campus,our school will conduct a series of activities next Saturday.Detailed arrangements are as follows: From 8:00 to 10:00 a.m.,a lecture on current envi- ronmental problems and possible solutions will be given by a famous environmentalist in the lecture room.For the fol- lowing hour,two community workers will give useful tips on garbage sorting. At 2:00 p.m.participants will walk around campus, pick up trash and practice garbage sorting.At 4:00 p.m., a sharing meeting will be held in the activity room to reflect on today's activities. If you are interested in these activities,please sign up on the homepage of our school's website.You are welcome to join us！ The Students Union Ⅲ，[参考范文] Once home,I placed the necklace in my special spot for special things,lost in thought.So far,there were a variety of things like mini cola bottles and shakers.I stared at the stone,so clean and polished.Could it be Chrissy's? Was it a very special necklace?Should I return it to her?I paced back and forth in the room anxiously,not knowing what to do.Having struggled for a long time,I finally de- cided to call the number on the poster and get in touch with Chrissy.I told her that I might have something that be- longed to her and made an appointment with her. Fifteen minutes later,I was sitting across from Chrissy in the candy shop.We were drinking milkshakes and sharing an order of sweet potato fries.Looking at the blue stone in her hand with her tearful eyes,she told me ·4 that the necklace was a gift from her mom before she got sick and she was grateful to me for returning the necklace to her."Holding onto it somehow makes things a little bet- ter,"she said.I couldn't agree more with her.It dawned on me that I became“a treasure girl”instead of“a trash girl"called by the mean kids at school. 日积月累她泪眼汪汪地看着手中的蓝石，告诉我，这条 项链是她妈妈生病前送给她的礼物，她很感激我把项链还 给她 必修第三册Unit1 I,[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章讲了青少年一 方面叛逆，另一方面又跟随潮流，没有个性。作者认为青 少年要发现自我，学会独立，这样才真正受人欢迎与尊重。 l.A[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling().I wish it were so.At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents.You should be learning to stand on your own feet..(我听到许多父母抱 怨他们十几岁的孩子很叛逆。我希望是这样。在你这 个年龄，你应该远离你的父母。你应该学会自立。)”可 知，作者想要告诉我们的是：青少年如何学会自已做 决定。」 2.C[细节理解题。根据第一段“It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents.Instead of striking out boldly on their own,most of them are clutching at one another's hands for reassurance,(青少年似乎也在用同样的方式来表示 他们不同意父母的意见。他们中的大多数人都紧紧抓 住彼此的手，以寻求安慰，而不是大胆地自己闯出一片 天地。)”可知，大多数青少年确实表现出叛逆，但是却不 敢独立行动。] 3.B[推理判断题。根据第三段“It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popular- ity wave and go his or her own way.Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market.These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be.(对于一个青少年来说，站在流行的浪潮中 走自己的路已经变得越来越难了。工业已经牢牢地占 领了青少年市场。如今，每个青少年都可以从广告中学 习什么是青少年应该拥有和成为的。)”可推断，作者认 为青少年受广告的影响很大。] 4.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Find yourself.Popu larity will come with the people who respect you for who you are.That is the only kind of popularity that really counts.(发现自我。受欢迎的人是那些尊重你的人。这 是唯一一种真正有价值的受欢迎程度。)”可知，在青少 年时期，一个人应该学会找到真正的自我。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读」本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了倾听的 意义。 l.E[上文“The world today is moving at a so high pace that we rarely stop to listen to each other.We've all been in conversations with someone who we felt wasn't listen- ing.They may keep looking at their watch or at other people around them.They nod and say yes -but we feel like a stranger talking to a wall..(当今世界发展如此 之快，以至于我们很少停下来倾听彼此。我们都有过这 样的经历：与我们觉得心不在焉的人交谈。他们可能会 一直看手表或周围的人。他们点头同意一但我们却 觉得自己像个对着墙说话的陌生人。)”举例说明了人们 在交流中存在的问题，E项“Listening is a skill badly missing in today's world.(倾听是当今世界严重缺失的 一项技能。)”是对这些问题的总结，点明倾听能力的缺 失是我们面临的主要问题，上下文语意连贯。 2.B[根据小标题“To listen is to love..(倾听就是爱。)”和 下文“Allowing someone to open up and share their life with us communicates the simple truth:you matter and I care about your life,(允许别人敬开心扉，与我们分享他 们的生活，传达了一个简单的真理：你很重要，我关心你