精品解析：安徽芜湖市第一中学2026-2027学年第一学期10月学情监测高二英语试题

芜湖一中2026-2027学年第一学期10月学情监测 高二英语试卷 （总分：150分 时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并在规定区域贴好条形码。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答卷标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. On a plane. B. At a station. C. At an airport. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Complain about an emergency. B. Extend the borrowing period for a book. C. Ask about the due date of his book. 3. How does the woman feel now? A. Moved. B. Disappointed. C. Shocked. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Homeowner and gardener. B. Neighbors C. Husband and wife 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Purchasing a new coat. B. Returning a coat. C. Planning a shopping trip. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6和第7小题。 6. What does the woman intend to do during the summer? A. Volunteer in a school. B. Organize a family trip. C. Start a teaching program. 7. How long will the teaching program last? A. 30 days. B. 20 days. C. 10 days. 听下面的录音，回答第8至10小题。 8. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To ask for information about a trip. B. To make changes to a reservation. C. To discuss a program about whales. 9. How can the man go to the village? A. By coach. B. By car. C. By minibus. 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. On 4 April. B. On 18 April. C. On 2 June. 听下面的录音，回答第11至13小题。 11. Why does the man recommend the new place? A. Its pizza is excellent. B. It is near the office. C. It is newly opened. 12. What is the man going to do right away? A. Wait downstairs. B. Meet someone from IT. C. Go through some files. 13. What did the man do yesterday? A. He talked with Fiona. B. He apologized to Manuel. C. He argued with a workmate. 听下面的录音，回答第14至17小题。 14. What is probably the woman? A. A doctor. B. An official, C. A hostess. 15. What has been done to the trees planted last year? A. They’ve been moved to another spot. B. They’ve been measured for oxygen output. C. They’ve been compared with other species. 16. What is the present goal of the project? A. To expand the tree planting area. B. To introduce more tree species. C. To win more academic prizes. 17. What contributed most to the research? A. The government fund. B. The private investment. C. The project share price. 听下面的录音，回答第18至20小题。 18. When did John return to the University of Montana? A. In 1965. B. In 1968. C. In 1972. 19. What was John’s first job in Princeton University’s Natural History Museum? A. A technician. B. A research assistant. C. A principal. 20. What major discovery did John make in the 1970s? A. He unlocked many dinosaurs’ DNA. B. He discovered a new dinosaur species. C. He confirmed dinosaurs’ parental behavior. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Mangroves (红树林) are critical ecosystems that bridge land, freshwater, and sea. Home to various species, they protect and support countless coastal communities worldwide. Yet they continue to face threats from both human activities and natural processes. The report, The State of the World’s Mangroves 2024, examines global changes in mangrove ecosystems over the past two decades. Agricultural activities, including aquaculture (水产养殖), oil palm plantations and rice cultivation, accounted for the largest share of global mangrove loss between 2000 and 2020. The report also highlights the impact of “natural retraction,” a term used to describe mangrove loss driven by changes in riverbeds or sea levels. The global drivers of mangrove loss Nonetheless, changes in the drivers of mangrove loss have led to encouraging results. The rate of net mangrove loss decreased by 44%, falling from 181.5 km2 per year in 2000 — 2010 to 102.4 km2 per year in 2010 — 2020. Mangrove gains are also recorded in several regions, where restoration efforts accounted for 25% — 33% of mangrove expansion in South and Southeast Asia and Africa. Protecting mangroves requires action at every level. Governments can expand protected areas and improve monitoring systems, while conservation project teams restore damaged wetlands. Scientists develop real-time monitoring tools to detect mangrove loss. The report also stresses the importance of cooperation with local communities. In some projects, community members contribute knowledge by describing the historical distribution of mangroves, causes of loss, and seasonal coastal changes they have observed. They also provide data through citizen science platforms like iNaturalist, helping researchers plan more effective restoration projects. 1. What was the total percentage of mangrove loss caused by agricultural activities in 2010-2020? A. 38%. B. 47%. C. 49%. D. 62%. 2. What can we learn about mangrove loss between the two decades? A. It worsened climate change. B. It damaged local economy. C. It expanded on a global scale. D. It showed a downward trend. 3. What can local community members do to support mangrove restoration? A. Make restoration plans. B. Share ecological information. C. Establish protected areas. D. Update monitoring equipment. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕红树林生态系统展开，介绍了2000-2020年红树林减少的驱动因素变化、减少速率的改善趋势，并阐述了政府、科研团队及当地社区在红树林保护与修复中的作用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Agricultural activities, including aquaculture (水产养殖), oil palm plantations and rice cultivation, accounted for the largest share of global mangrove loss between 2000 and 2020. (在 2000 年至 2020 年期间，包括水产养殖、油棕种植园和水稻种植在内的农业活动是造成全球红树林损失的主要原因。)”以及饼状图2010-2020年的数据，农业活动相关的红树林减少驱动因素包括：水产养殖（Aquaculture）21%、油棕种植（Oil palm）14%、水稻种植（Rice）3%。将三者相加：21% + 14% + 3% = 38%。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The rate of net mangrove loss decreased by 44%, falling from 181.5 km² per year in 2000 — 2010 to 102.4 km² per year in 2010 — 2020. (红树林净减少率下降了44%，从2000-2010年的每年181.5平方公里降至2010-2020年的每年102.4平方公里。)”可知，红树林减少速率呈现明显下降趋势。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In some projects, community members contribute knowledge by describing the historical distribution of mangroves, causes of loss, and seasonal coastal changes they have observed. They also provide data through citizen science platforms like iNaturalist, helping researchers plan more effective restoration projects. (在一些项目中，社区成员通过描述红树林的历史分布、减少原因和他们观察到的季节性海岸变化来贡献知识，还通过公民科学平台如iNaturalist提供数据，帮助研究人员制定更有效的修复计划。)”可知，当地社区成员可通过分享生态相关信息与数据来支持红树林修复工作。 B During my summer job in Tokyo last year, I discovered how easily body language can create misunderstandings across cultures. After doing well in my interview, I confidently entered the meeting room for my final presentation, eager to share my carefully prepared sales strategy. When the CEO asked about my approach, I sat back in my chair and crossed my arms — a posture (姿势) I considered thoughtful and professional in America. The atmosphere changed immediately. My boss’s smile froze, and the CEO’s clear disapproval appeared. I later learned that in Japan, crossed arms signal arrogance (傲慢) or disagreement — completely contrary to the professional image I wanted to convey. Despite my perfect PowerPoint presentation, I couldn’t undo that inappropriate behavior. While I didn’t recognize my cultural mistake at the moment, I could easily feel the tension mounting as I continued speaking. My Japanese co-worker Rina quietly demonstrated to me the right way to behave during the Q & A session. She rested her hands on her lap and leaned forward slightly to show engagement. I immediately mirrored her posture. As I adapted my body language to Japanese ways, the manager visibly relaxed. This experience taught me that true cultural fluency extends far beyond language proficiency or technical expertise. Now, I make it a priority to research local customs before any international meeting. My studies have revealed fascinating cultural differences. Brazilians maintain smaller personal space during conversations. Germans value firm handshakes with constant eye contact. And the French may exchange cheek kisses in business settings — but only after establishing close professional relationships. This journey has shown me that authentic professional competence requires mindfulness not just of our words, but of our physical presence across cultural contexts. The ability to “speak” through appropriate body language is just as crucial as verbal communication in today’s global business environment, and sometimes even more important than spoken language. 4. What caused the sudden tension in the meeting? A. The author’s inappropriate gesture. B. The assistant’s technical errors. C. The CEO’s unreasonable demand. D. The co-worker’s sudden distraction. 5. How did Rina help the author during the Q & A session? A. By simplifying his slides. B. By correcting his grammar. C. By modeling proper postures. D. By translating the question. 6. Why does the author mention different countries’ customs? A. To share his learning process. B. To prepare for his next journey. C. To appreciate uniqueness of culture. D. To show diversity of body language. 7. What lesson has the author learned in Tokyo? A. Good business is built on good language. B. Wisdom counts more than spoken language. C. A country’s language is as important as its culture. D. Body language is vital in cross-cultural communication. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者在东京的职场经历，揭示了不同文化中身体语言的差异，作者也认识到在跨文化沟通中，恰当的身体语言与口头表达同等重要，甚至更为关键。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the CEO asked about my approach, I sat back in my chair and crossed my arms — a posture (姿势) I considered thoughtful and professional in America. The atmosphere changed immediately. My boss’s smile froze, and the CEO’s clear disapproval appeared. (当CEO问我采用的方法时，我向后靠坐在椅子上，双手交叉——我认为这种姿势在美国是沉思且专业的。气氛立刻变了。老板的微笑僵住了，CEO明显流露出不悦的神情。)”可知，导致会议中突然紧张的原因是作者的不当姿势。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“My Japanese co-worker Rina quietly demonstrated to me the right way to behave during the Q & A session. She rested her hands on her lap and leaned forward slightly to show engagement. I immediately mirrored her posture. (我的日本同事Rina悄悄示范了我在问答环节中应有的正确表现方式。她双手放在大腿上，微微前倾以示专注。我立刻模仿了她的姿势。)”可知，Rina在问答环节通过示范正确的姿势帮助了作者。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“My studies have revealed fascinating cultural differences. Brazilians maintain smaller personal space during conversations. Germans value firm handshakes with constant eye contact. And the French may exchange cheek kisses in business settings — but only after establishing close professional relationships. (我的研究揭示了有趣的文化差异。巴西人在交谈时会保持较小的个人空间。德国人重视坚定的握手并保持持续的眼神交流。而法国人在商务场合可能会互相亲吻脸颊——但仅限于建立了密切的职业关系之后。)”可知，作者列举了巴西、德国和法国的不同习俗，是为了展示自己前面提到的身体语言的多样性。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This journey has shown me that authentic professional competence requires mindfulness not just of our words, but of our physical presence across cultural contexts. The ability to “speak” through appropriate body language is just as crucial as verbal communication in today’s global business environment, and sometimes even more important than spoken language. (这段经历让我明白，真正的专业能力要求我们不仅要关注自身言辞，还要留心不同文化背景下的肢体仪态。在当今全球化的商业环境中，通过恰当的身体语言“表达”同样重要，甚至有时比口头交流更为关键。)”可知，作者在东京学到的教训是：身体语言在跨文化沟通中至关重要。 C For years, employees have valued corner offices with expansive views, but is there real cognitive value in sitting by a window? A recent study analysing data from over 3,700 students taking China’s gaokao — a test that determines university admissions — offers convincing evidence. Students were randomly assigned to seats in standardized rooms. Those seated next to a window with an outside view scored 8.9% higher than peers in the middle of the room on average. Crucially, those next to a window with a blocked view showed no such benefit, ruling out simple explanations like lighting. The study’s authors attribute the effect to ART (Attention Restoration Theory). ART suggests that gazing at nature or open views can gently engage the brain’s “soft fascination”, allowing focused attention to recover from fatigue. During a demanding exam, a brief mental break to look outside may help students recharge. Supporting this, the effect was strongest among students who teachers had noted as having difficulty sustaining attention in class, and among male students who tend to struggle more with prolonged focus. The findings also dismiss several alternative explanations. Improved lighting and air flow are unlikely, as the window with a blocked view — offering similar light and air — produced no score gain. External noise, strictly controlled during exams, cannot account for the difference either. The effect is noteworthy: it rivals the impact of substantial financial motivation on student performance and outweighs some negative effects like temperature increases or air pollution documented in similar settings. This research carries practical implications for fairness in testing. Since seat assignments are often random, some students gain an unintentional advantage. Simple solutions, such as removing the window-seat column or changing seats across subjects, could level the playing field. The study also highlights the broader value of restorative environments, from classrooms to workplaces, where window views remain the most desired amenity (舒适配套) among North American employees. While the authors caution that distractions from window views may matter in low-risk settings, the message is clear: our built environment shapes our minds in subtle but significant ways. 8. The study finds that students ______. A. valued corner seats with outside views. B. could benefit from improved lighting. C. performed differently due to the position. D. were easily distracted by outside views. 9. According to ART, a window view helps students to ______. A. create a calming effect. B. restore their mental focus. C. finish the exam without fatigue. D. block out distracting noises. 10. What does the underlined word “rivals” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Increases. B. Reduces. C. Equals. D. Highlights. 11. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To discuss the limitations of the study. B. To propose ways to ensure fair test conditions. C. To suggest improvements in classroom design. D. To highlight the broader significance of the findings. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍一项关于靠窗有景观座位能提升考生成绩的研究，解释其原理、排除其他干扰因素，并说明该发现的多元现实意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Those seated next to a window with an outside view scored 8.9% higher than peers in the middle of the room on average. Crucially, those next to a window with a blocked view showed no such benefit, ruling out simple explanations like lighting.(坐在靠窗且能看到室外风景位置的学生，平均得分比坐在教室中间的同学高出8.9%。关键的是，坐在靠窗但视野被遮挡位置的学生没有出现这种优势，这排除了光照这类简单的解释)”可知，研究发现座位位置的差异会让学生的考试成绩表现出现明显区别。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“ART suggests that gazing at nature or open views can gently engage the brain’s “soft fascination”, allowing focused attention to recover from fatigue. During a demanding exam, a brief mental break to look outside may help students recharge.(注意力恢复理论指出，凝视自然或者开阔视野可以温和调动大脑的“软吸引力”，让集中的注意力从疲劳中恢复。在高难度考试期间，短暂看向窗外的精神休息可以帮助学生恢复精力)”可知，根据注意力恢复理论，窗外的景观能够帮助学生恢复疲惫的精神专注力。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The effect is noteworthy: it rivals the impact of substantial financial motivation on student performance and outweighs some negative effects like temperature increases or air pollution documented in similar settings.(这一效应值得关注：它与可观金钱激励对学生表现的影响rivals，并且超过了同类研究场景中记录的气温升高、空气污染这类负面影响)”可知，上下文为并列递进关系。由此可知，窗边开阔视野带来分数提升的这种效应与高额物质激励对学生成绩的影响相当。故猜测意思是“与……相当、比得上”，和“Equals(与……相等、比得上)”含义一致。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读最后一段，结合段中“This research carries practical implications for fairness in testing.(这项研究对考试公平具备现实启示)”以及“The study also highlights the broader value of restorative environments, from classrooms to workplaces, where window views remain the most desired amenity (舒适配套) among North American employees. While the authors caution that distractions from window views may matter in low-risk settings, the message is clear: our built environment shapes our minds in subtle but significant ways.(该研究还凸显了恢复性环境的更广泛价值——从教室到职场，窗景始终是北美员工最渴求的舒适配套；尽管作者提醒低风险场景下窗景可能带来分心，但核心信息十分明确：我们所处的人造环境正以微妙却至关重要的方式塑造我们的心智)”可知，整段先提及研究对考试公平的启示，进而递进延伸到各类人居场景，最终升维到环境对人认知的深层影响，核心目的是强调该研究发现跨越考场的广泛价值与深远意义。 D Slop is a new way to describe mass-produced, low-quality content. The term comes from artificial intelligence. Developer Simon Willison shared the concept: “Not all AI-generated content is slop. But if it’s mindlessly generated and forced upon someone who didn’t ask for it, slop is the perfect term.” Today slop’s critical tone is increasingly aimed at all things AI, treating it as a cultural pollutant. But by unthinkingly ignoring all of it, we risk missing out on the minority of creations that are keepers. Mass-produced culture has a long, messy history. One notable slop moment came after Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press in Europe. The device — the ChatGPT of the 1450s — allowed the mass production of cheap printed material. Some of this material was nonsense, but much of it entertained and educated the masses. In the early 1700s, a growing reading public created steady demand for text, giving rise to Grub Street — the slop generator of its time. People laughed at Grub Street even as its writers built the first modern freelance (自由职业) economy and mass-print culture. The 20th-century cinema boom followed a similar pattern. Production demands produced a lot of rubbish, but this effort also developed the motion-picture industry’s foundation. In all of these situations, the point wasn’t to create masterpieces; it was to create rapidly and cheaply. But the production of new types of slop allows more people to participate. The current wave of AI-generated slop raises the risks because the cost for those making slop has collapsed to near zero, while the cost for other people is high in terms of cognitive burden. So we must identify and take advantage of what stands out so that we can better discourage what doesn’t. The word “slop” helps us do that when it is used correctly. Calling everything worthless is a misguided attempt to dam (阻止) the flood rather than channel it. If “culture is ordinary,” then the ordinary act of making on a large scale will always include waste. But it’ll also produce the seeds of the next thing we’ll decide to keep. 12. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is an example of “slop”? A. A novel written by ChatGPT upon request. B. An AI-generated poem that pops up on your phone. C. A historical essay printed by a modern publisher. D. A low-budget film made by a famous filmmaker. 13. What do the examples in paragraph 2 illustrate? A. History is sometimes unreliable. B. Mass-produced culture received wide criticism. C. Mass-produced culture has long been a complex issue. D. Technological advances underwent a difficult process. 14. What has fueled today’s slop boom? A. Lower production costs. B. Better digital access. C. Faster information flow. D. Public demand for AI. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Slop in AI: A Growing Problem B. The Slop Cycle: Trash or Treasure C. Slop in History: An Art Phenomenon D. Mass Production: Past and Future 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要探讨了“slop” (粗制滥造的内容）这一概念的起源与演变，指出AI时代大量低质量内容被称为slop，但通过回顾历史上印刷术、Grub Street、电影业等大规模文化生产的例子，说明粗制滥造的文化既有弊端也孕育着有价值的创作，呼吁人们理性区分，而非一刀切地否定。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Not all AI-generated content is slop. But if it’s mindlessly generated and forced upon someone who didn’t ask for it, slop is the perfect term. (并非所有AI生成的内容都是slop。但如果它是被无需思考地生成，并被强加给一个没有要求它的人，slop就是一个完美的词。）”可知，slop的关键特征是未经请求、被迫接收的低质量内容。B项“一首突然出现在你手机上的AI生成诗歌”符合这一特征——未经请求且可能是低质量生成。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Mass-produced culture has a long, messy history. (大规模生产的文化有着悠久而混乱的历史。)”以及文中列举的印刷术、Grub Street、电影业等例子，既提到“Some of this material was nonsense, but much of it entertained and educated the masses. (有些是废话，但其中很多内容为大众提供了娱乐，也起到了教育作用。)”，又提到“People laughed at Grub Street even as its writers built the first modern freelance economy (人们嘲笑Grub Street，但其作家却建立了第一个现代自由职业经济)”，可知这些例子旨在说明大规模生产文化历来是一个复杂的问题，既有弊端也有积极意义。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The current wave of AI-generated slop raises the risks because the cost for those making slop has collapsed to near zero (当前AI生成的slop浪潮提高了风险，因为制造slop的成本已经降至接近零)”可知，当今slop泛滥的推动力是极低的生产成本。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章既讨论了slop作为“垃圾”的负面影响，又指出大规模生产中也会产生值得保留的精华，体现了“slop循环”中垃圾与宝藏并存的主题。B项“The Slop Cycle: Trash or Treasure (slop循环：垃圾还是宝藏)”最能概括全文核心，适合作标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A classic song says, “Everybody needs good neighbours.” But in 2026, do we still need them? Or have we forgotten how to be friendly with those around us? ____16____ But these days, many live next door for years without learning their names. Is neighbourliness disappearing? Studies show we have less contact with neighbours than before. One survey found that 76% of us believe people were closer to neighbours 20 years ago than today. ____17____ There are reasons behind this fact. People today move homes more often for work or family needs, making long-term connections harder. In smaller communities, people attend the same schools or shops, so they get to know each other easily. But in cities with larger populations, these chance meetings happen less often. ____18____ Long office hours or irregular remote work means neighbours may not see each other. At the same time, many of us care more about privacy. Often, our only interactions are arguments about noise or shared areas. ____19____ A global study found that knowing just six neighbours can reduce loneliness and help people feel safer. For older people or those in poor health, informal acts of support from neighbors can be life-changing. Age UK has highlighted how regular neighbourly contact can help older residents stay independent for longer, while reducing social isolation. Ultimately, there’s no hard and fast rulebook to being a good neighbour. ____20____ But at the very least, making sure to smile and offer a kind word can go much further than you might think. A. Our working patterns also play a part. B. However, having good neighbours still matters. C. Most people spend more time socializing than working. D. What feels caring to one may feel unwelcome to another. E. Once, our front doors remained unlocked for friendly faces. F. It also found that one in five have never spoken to neighbours. G. The survey also noted urban residents interact less with neighbours. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了现代社会邻里关系疏远的现象、原因及拥有好邻居仍很重要。 【16题详解】 上文“A classic song says, “Everybody needs good neighbours. “But in 2026, do we still need them? Or have we forgotten how to be friendly with those around us? (一首经典歌曲唱道：“每个人都需要好邻居。”但在2026年，我们还需要他们吗？还是我们已经忘记了如何与周围的人友好相处？)”通过经典歌曲引出关于邻里关系的讨论，并提出了对现代社会邻里关系现状的疑问。E选项“Once, our front doors remained unlocked for friendly faces. (曾经，我们的前门都不上锁，以便友善的邻居来访。)”描述了过去邻里关系友好、门户开放的状态，与上文提到的经典歌曲中的邻里友好理念相呼应，同时与下文“But these days, many live next door for years without learning their names. (但如今，许多人住在隔壁多年却不知道对方的名字。)”形成鲜明对比，突出了邻里关系的变化，符合语境。 【17题详解】 上文“One survey found that 76% of us believe people were closer to neighbours 20 years ago than today. (一项调查发现，76%的人认为20年前人们与邻居的关系比现在更亲密。)”通过调查数据说明了过去邻里关系比现在更亲密。F选项“It also found that one in five have never spoken to neighbours. (该调查还发现，五分之一的人从未与邻居说过话。)”进一步补充了调查结果，揭示了现在邻里关系的疏远程度，与上文紧密相连，共同构成了对邻里关系变化的描述。 【18题详解】 上文“There are reasons behind this fact. People today move homes more often for work or family needs, making long-term connections harder. In smaller communities, people attend the same schools or shops, so they get to know each other easily. But in cities with larger populations, these chance meetings happen less often. (这一现象背后有原因。如今，人们更频繁地因工作或家庭需要搬家，这使得建立长期关系变得更加困难。在较小的社区里，人们上同一所学校或去同一家商店，所以他们很容易认识彼此。但在人口较多的城市里，这种偶遇的机会就少了。)”分析了邻里关系疏远的原因，包括频繁搬家和城市人口多导致偶遇机会减少等，A选项“Our working patterns also play a part. (我们的工作模式也起到了一定作用。)”承接上文，并引出下文“Long office hours or irregular remote work means neighbours may not see each other. (长时间办公或不定期远程工作意味着邻居可能见不到彼此。)”中提到的长时间办公或远程工作等导致邻里之间难以见面的工作模式因素，共同构成了对邻里关系疏远原因的全面分析，符合语境。 【19题详解】 下文“A global study found that knowing just six neighbours can reduce loneliness and help people feel safer. For older people or those in poor health, informal acts of support from neighbors can be life-changing. (一项全球研究发现，只要认识六个邻居就能减少孤独感，让人们感到更安全。对于老年人或健康状况不佳的人来说，邻居的非正式支持可能会改变他们的生活。)”通过全球研究的结果强调了邻里关系的重要性，特别是对减少孤独感和提供支持方面的作用。B选项“However, having good neighbours still matters. (然而，有好邻居仍然很重要。)”作为上文的转折和下文的引子，既总结了上文关于邻里关系疏远的讨论，又引出了下文关于邻里关系重要性的论述，起到了承上启下的作用。 【20题详解】 上文“Ultimately, there’s no hard and fast rulebook to being a good neighbour. (最终，成为好邻居并没有固定的规则。)”以及下文“But at the very least, making sure to smile and offer a kind word can go much further than you might think. (但至少，确保微笑并说一句善意的话会比你想的更有用。)”指出成为好邻居没有固定规则，下文则提出了一个具体的建议，即微笑并说善意的话。D选项“What feels caring to one may feel unwelcome to another. (对一个人来说感到关心的行为，对另一个人来说可能不受欢迎。)”解释没有统一标准的原因，衔接顺畅，符合语境。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Some people were born gifted, but I wasn’t. Well into my sixties, I was ____21____ searching for something I did really well. When my friend advised me to join an art class, I ____22____ but finally decided to have a go. Now here I was staring at a ____23____ canvas (画布), with a photograph of a sunflower beside it, wondering what I was doing in this class. “Grid off (分格) the photo and canvas into squares,” Debbie, my teacher, walked us through the ____24____ of painting. As I followed the instructions, I thought back on my past ____25____ to make artwork. In junior high, I eagerly chose art, but my enthusiasm was ____26____. The teacher’s harsh criticism quickly made me drop the class. Then in college, I ____27____ a drawing class but barely kept up, leaving my confidence ____28____ again. After that, my creative energies were restricted only to secret ____29____. This time, I wouldn’t let that happen again. I gridded off my picture and painted just one ____30____ at a time. My shaky hands gradually ____31____ and found their rhythm. Little by little, a cheerful sunflower came to life. Debbie had told us, “Don’t think of it as part of a bigger picture. And don’t guess at where it ____32____ with the rest.” A single sunflower had brought me more ____33____ than an entire field of flowers. The sunflower finally ____34____ and bloomed (开花) within me: I was a late bloomer, finally uncovering a truth we too often forget — take small steps and dreams have no ____35____ limit. 21. A. already B. still C. ever D. just 22. A. applied B. commented C. hesitated D. survived 23. A. blank B. strange C. rough D. painted 24. A. trends B. chores C. tests D. basics 25. A. attempts B. excuses C. promises D. reactions 26. A. short-sighted B. short-lived C. ever-growing D. far-reaching 27. A. missed B. skipped C. designed D. braved 28. A. in turn B. in return C. in pieces D. in tears 29. A. hobbies B. careers C. policies D. rules 30. A. photo B. square C. sunflower D. class 31. A. steadied B. froze C. ached D. sweated 32. A. meets B. competes C. deals D. fits 33. A. joy B. luck C. patience D. fame 34. A. took shape B. took root C. died out D. faded away 35. A. status B. gender C. age D. ability 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了年过六旬的作者一直找寻自己擅长的事，在美术课上画向日葵，重拾曾经受挫的创作信心，领悟梦想没有年龄限制。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：进入六十多岁以后，我仍在寻找一件我真正擅长的事情。A. already已经；B. still仍然；C. ever曾经；D. just仅仅。根据前文“Some people were born gifted, but I wasn’t”以及后文“searching for something I did really well”可知，作者并不认为自己有天赋，所以到了六十多岁仍然在寻找自己擅长的事。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我的朋友建议我去报一个美术班时，我犹豫了一下，但最终还是决定试一试。A. applied申请；B. commented评论；C. hesitated犹豫；D. survived幸存。根据后文“but finally decided to have a go”中的“but”表转折可知，作者起初对于朋友的提议是犹豫的，但最后下定了决心。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此刻我正盯着一块空白的画布，旁边放着一张向日葵的照片，心里想着自己到底在这个班里做什么。A. blank空白的；B. strange陌生的；C. rough粗糙的；D. painted涂了颜料的。根据后文“wondering what I was doing in this class”可知，作者盯着空白的画布，不知道自己该做什么。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：“把照片和画布分成方格，”我的老师黛比给我们讲解绘画的基本知识。A. trends趋势；B. chores家务；C. tests测试；D. basics基本知识。根据前文“Grid off (分格) the photo and canvas into squares”以及后文“As I followed the instructions”可知，老师是在讲解绘画的基本知识。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：我一边跟着指令做，一边回想起过去尝试创作艺术品的经历。A. attempts尝试；B. excuses借口；C. promises承诺；D. reactions反应。根据后文“In junior high, I eagerly chose art, but”可知，作者回想起过去尝试制作艺术品的经历。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在初中阶段，我热切地选了美术课，但我的热情却很短暂。A. short-sighted目光短浅的；B. short-lived短暂的；C. ever-growing不断增长的；D. far-reaching深远的。根据后文“The teacher’s harsh criticism quickly made me drop the class”可知，老师的严厉批评很快就浇灭了作者的热情，所以这份热情是短暂的。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：后来在大学里，我硬着头皮选了一门素描课，但勉强才能跟上进度，这让我的信心再次破碎。A. missed错过；B. skipped跳过；C. designed设计；D. braved勇敢面对，硬着头皮做。根据后文“but barely kept up”可知，作者明知自己不擅长绘画，但还是鼓起勇气、硬着头皮选了这门课。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：同上。A. in turn轮流；B. in return作为回报；C. in pieces破碎地；D. in tears流着泪。根据前文“barely kept up”以及后文“again”可知，作者几乎跟不上绘画课，她的自信心再次受到了打击，支离破碎。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：在那之后，我的创作精力只被限制在秘密的爱好之中。A. hobbies爱好；B. careers职业；C. policies政策；D. rules规则。根据前文“my creative energies were restricted only to secret”以及作者不敢再公开尝试艺术创作可知，她只敢私下里偷偷进行一些爱好性质的创作。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：我把照片分成格子，一次只画一个方格。A. photo照片；B. square方格；C. sunflower向日葵；D. class课堂。根据前文“gridded off my picture”以及后文“at a time”可知，作者按照老师教的方法，把画面分成小方格，一次只专注于画一个方格。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：我颤抖的手渐渐稳定下来，找到了节奏。A. steadied变得平稳；B. froze僵住；C. ached疼痛；D. sweated出汗。根据前文“My shaky hands”以及后文“found their rhythm”可知，作者刚开始因为紧张和不自信而手抖，但随着投入绘画，手渐渐稳住了。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：黛比曾告诉我们：“不要把它看作更大图景的一部分，也不要去猜测它与其他部分是如何衔接的。” A. meets遇见；B. competes竞争；C. deals处理；D. fits适配、吻合。根据前文“Don’t think of it as part of a bigger picture.”可知，老师建议作者不要把它想象成更大画面的一部分，也就是不要猜测它与其余部分的契合点。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：一朵向日葵给我带来的快乐，比一整片花田还要多。A. joy快乐；B. luck运气；C. patience耐心；D. fame名声。根据前文“a cheerful sunflower came to life”以及后文作者从中获得的成就感可知，这朵亲手画出来的向日葵给她带来了巨大的快乐。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：向日葵终于在我心中生根发芽，开花了：我是一朵大器晚成的花，终于悟出一个我们常常遗忘的道理——从小事做起，梦想从没有年龄限制。A. took shape成形；B. took root生根；C. died out灭绝；D. faded away消失。根据后文“and bloomed (开花) within me”可知，向日葵在作者心中生根发芽，开花了。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. status地位；B. gender性别；C. age年龄；D. ability能力。根据前文“I was a late bloomer”可知，作者把自己比作一朵大器晚成的花，说明梦想没有年龄限制。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wu Yize is a professional snooker (斯诺克) player from Lanzhou, Gansu, China. Born on 14 October, 2003, he has quickly become one of the most exciting young ____36____ (talent) in the sport. In May 2026, Wu made history by winning the World Snooker Championship, ____37____ (defeat) Shaun Murphy in a dramatic final. At just 22 years old, he became the first post-2000 player and only the second Chinese ____38____ (claim) snooker's most famous title. His rise has been rapid. Wu turned professional in 2021 and ____39____ (name) Rookie (新人) of the Year in 2022. He won his first ranking title at the 2025 International Championship, where he produced four century breaks (四杆破百) and beat John Higgins 10-6. That victory served ____40____ a sign that he was now among the top players. Wu is a player ____41____ extraordinary long potting (击球入袋) sets him apart from others — many experts consider him the best long-range potter in the game today. When under pressure, he can ____42____ (instant) turn defence into attack with impossible pots. What's more, Wu is not just ____43____ fearless attacker; his safety play and smart decision-making have also improved a lot. During his 2026 world title run, he defeated Mark Selby, in which he showed great ____44____ (brave) and all-round skill. Off the table, Wu is known for his constant practice — often training over six hours a day. Since winning the world championship, he ____45____ (set) his sights on more titles and aimed to inspire a new generation of Chinese snooker players. 【答案】36. talents 37. defeating 38. to claim 39. was named 40. as 41. whose 42. instantly 43. a 44. bravery 45. has set 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍中国斯诺克选手吴宜泽，他年少成名，2026年斩获世锦赛冠军，长台进攻出众、技术全面，夺冠后立志冲击更多荣誉并激励国内新生代球员。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他出生于2003年10月14日，迅速成为这项运动中最具潜力的年轻天才之一。one of后接可数名词复数，talent此处指“天才选手”，复数talents。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2026年5月，吴宜泽创造历史，在扣人心弦的决赛中击败肖恩·墨菲，夺得斯诺克世锦赛冠军。此处为非谓语，主语Wu与defeat为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：年仅22岁的他成为首位00后选手，也是第二位拿下斯诺克最高荣誉的中国选手。此处考查固定结构the + 序数词 + sb. to do sth.，用不定式to claim作后置定语。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：吴宜泽2021年转为职业选手，并在2022年获评年度最佳新人。此处为谓语动词，主语Wu与name被动关系，时间2022为过去时间，主语单数，用一般过去时的被动语态was named。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：这场胜利标志着他正式跻身顶尖选手行列。此处考查固定搭配serve as，意为“充当、标志着”。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：吴宜泽是一名选手，他出众的远台进攻能力让他脱颖而出，许多专家认为他是当下最佳长台击球手。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词a player，指人，从句缺少定语修饰long potting，应用关系代词whose引导。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：身处压力之下，他能凭借高难度击球瞬间完成由守转攻。修饰动词turn需用副词，instant的副词形式instantly。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此外，吴宜泽不只是一名无畏的进攻型选手，他的防守控球与战术判断也进步显著。此处表泛指“一名进攻选手”，fearless以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：在2026年世锦赛夺冠征程中，他击败马克·塞尔比，展现出非凡的胆识与全面的技术。形容词great后接名词，brave的名词形式bravery，为不可数名词。 【45题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自夺得世锦赛冠军以来，他将目光投向更多奖杯，并立志激励新一代中国斯诺克选手。这里考查谓语动词，主语he与set为主动关系，Since引导时间状语为现在完成时标志，主语he是单数，所以谓语动词set用has set。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你校将举办主题为“学习科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1．简单介绍一位科学家；2．他/她身上值得学习的品质；3．呼吁同学们向科学家学习。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone. It’s my great honour to deliver a speech here. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thanks for your listening! 【答案】 Good morning, everyone. It’s my great honour to deliver a speech here. The scientist I want to introduce is Qian Xuesen, the “Father of China’s Aerospace”. Deeply devoted to his country, he overcame enormous difficulties and made extraordinary contributions to China’s space and missile programs. What impresses me most is his patriotism and perseverance.​ It was his spirit that inspired generations of young people to pursue their dreams. Dear fellow students, let’s learn from great scientists like Qian. Only by embracing their spirit can we build a brighter future for our nation. That’s all. Thanks for your listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写一篇演讲稿，介绍科学家，阐述其品质并号召大家学习科学家精神。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 介绍：introduce → present 巨大的：enormous → tremendous / immense 非凡的：extraordinary → remarkable / outstanding 鼓舞：inspire → motivate / encourage 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The scientist I want to introduce is Qian Xuesen, the “Father of China’s Aerospace”. 拓展句：The scientist I want to introduce today is Qian Xuesen, widely known as the “Father of China’s Aerospace” in China. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What impresses me most is his patriotism and perseverance.(运用了what引导的主语从句) 【高分句型2】Only by embracing their spirit can we build a brighter future for our nation.(运用了only置于句首引起的部分倒装结构) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The old workshop door creaked open. Clara walked in quietly. Her shoes stepped on wood shavings (刨花) that sparkled in the sunlight. Through the dusty windows, the morning light shone on Grandfather’s rough hands. He was gluing a maple chair leg. The wall calendar still showed January. Its yellowed pages were curling, just like dry leaves. An open order book lay on the desk. February’s page was empty. There had been no new orders since mid-January. Clara held her breath and recorded Grandfather with her phone. She focused on his quick hands as he measured angles with a metal ruler. “This might help him,” she thought, eager to show how skilled he was. However, when she posted the video online, negative comments flooded in. “Old ways for a dying business!” “No wonder the business is failing!” Saddened, Clara deleted the video quickly. A spider crawled over the empty order book. Its blank pages showed not many people wanted handmade things these days. “Want to see my treasure?” Grandpa’ s voice broke the silence. He opened a leather album filled with pencil sketches (草图) like library chairs from 1958 and park benches from 1962. A faded photo slipped out: a smiling boy missing two teeth was grinning at the camera, holding a curved (弯曲的) spoon proudly. “Timmy, my former student,” Grandfather smiled, touching the curve of the spoon in the photo. “Now he designs furniture for tall buildings. Last month’s newspaper had an article about his curved stairs. It was inspired by this very spoon.” He tapped the photo, adding, “Machines make things fast, but hands remember stories.” Clara looked at the photo — the curved spoon, Timmy’s smile, and Grandpa’s young handwriting on the back: Timmy’s first repair, age 7. Beside her, fresh wood shavings were shining. “Stories must be told,” Clara murmured, taking out her phone again. This time, she aimed to share not just the work, but the story behind it. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next morning, Clara uploaded a new video. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A week later, Timmy, now a famous furniture designer, walked in the workshop. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The next morning, Clara uploaded a new video. This time, her camera swept across the leather album’s sketches of Timmy’s curved spoon and lingered on a yellowed newspaper clipping featuring his iconic stairs. As Grandfather narrated their story, she zoomed in on his hands — wrinkled yet steady — shaping a piece of wood into art. The video ended with his voice, “Hands remember stories machines forget.” By noon, comments exploded, “Hands of a legend!” “Need this magic in my home!” Shares of the video skyrocketed. Amid the flood of praise, Clara spotted a message, “I’m coming to see you soon, Master-back to where the magic began!” Her eyes widened at Timmy’s profile picture which just matched the same grin from that faded photo. A week later, Timmy, now a famous furniture designer, walked in the workshop. He embraced Grandfather, tears glistening. “Your spoon taught me curves have souls,” he said, placing the curved spoon on the desk. Together, they designed a signature chair — Timmy sketching modern lines on his tablet while Grandfather penciling his classic curves. Clara captured the moment: their four hands shaping a maple chair leg together, mirroring the one Grandfather had glued a week before. When Timmy posted the video, orders poured in: new chairs with curved legs, and even wooden benches for the town park. Wood shavings danced in the sunlight as the workshop came back to life, the order book’s empty February page now filled with March’s growing demands. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了 Clara 的祖父经营的手工坊生意惨淡，Clara 首次上传祖父工作视频遭负面评价后删除。祖父向她展示了皮革相册里学生 Timmy 的相关物品，讲述 Timmy 受自己影响成为著名家具设计师的故事，Clara 决定再次拍摄视频，这次要分享手工背后的故事 。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，Clara上传了一个新视频。”可知，第一段可描述新视频的内容，如视频里展现了祖父的哪些故事和技艺，以及该视频发布后在网络上引发的反应，包括网友的评论、分享量等情况 ②由第二段首句内容“一周后，蒂米走进了工作室，他现在已经是一位著名的家具设计师了。”可知，第二段可描写Timmy 来到工作室后的情节展开，如他与祖父的互动，他们之间的对话、情感交流，以及他们共同做了什么事情，最终对工作室产生了怎样的影响。 2.续写线索：上传新视频（介绍视频内容）→视频引发热烈反响（网友评论、分享）→Timmy 看到视频决定拜访→Timmy来到工作室与祖父相聚（拥抱、对话）→两人共同设计椅子（描述设计过程）→Clara记录时刻→Timmy 发布视频→订单涌入，工作室重焕生机 。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发现：spot/find ②放置：place/put ③拥抱：embrace/hug ④开始：begin/start 情绪类 赞扬：praise/compliment 【点睛】[高分句型1] Her eyes widened at Timmy’s profile picture which just matched the same grin from that faded photo. (运用了which引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] When Timmy posted the video, orders poured in: new chairs with curved legs, and even wooden benches for the town park. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 芜湖一中2026-2027学年第一学期10月学情监测 高二英语试卷 （总分：150分 时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并在规定区域贴好条形码。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答卷标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. On a plane. B. At a station. C. At an airport. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Complain about an emergency. B. Extend the borrowing period for a book. C. Ask about the due date of his book. 3. How does the woman feel now? A. Moved. B. Disappointed. C. Shocked. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Homeowner and gardener. B. Neighbors C. Husband and wife 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Purchasing a new coat. B. Returning a coat. C. Planning a shopping trip. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6和第7小题。 6. What does the woman intend to do during the summer? A. Volunteer in a school. B. Organize a family trip. C. Start a teaching program. 7. How long will the teaching program last? A. 30 days. B. 20 days. C. 10 days. 听下面的录音，回答第8至10小题。 8. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To ask for information about a trip. B. To make changes to a reservation. C. To discuss a program about whales. 9. How can the man go to the village? A. By coach. B. By car. C. By minibus. 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. On 4 April. B. On 18 April. C. On 2 June. 听下面的录音，回答第11至13小题。 11. Why does the man recommend the new place? A. Its pizza is excellent. B. It is near the office. C. It is newly opened. 12. What is the man going to do right away? A. Wait downstairs. B. Meet someone from IT. C. Go through some files. 13. What did the man do yesterday? A. He talked with Fiona. B. He apologized to Manuel. C. He argued with a workmate. 听下面的录音，回答第14至17小题。 14. What is probably the woman? A. A doctor. B. An official, C. A hostess. 15. What has been done to the trees planted last year? A. They’ve been moved to another spot. B. They’ve been measured for oxygen output. C. They’ve been compared with other species. 16. What is the present goal of the project? A. To expand the tree planting area. B. To introduce more tree species. C. To win more academic prizes. 17. What contributed most to the research? A. The government fund. B. The private investment. C. The project share price. 听下面的录音，回答第18至20小题。 18. When did John return to the University of Montana? A. In 1965. B. In 1968. C. In 1972. 19. What was John’s first job in Princeton University’s Natural History Museum? A. A technician. B. A research assistant. C. A principal. 20. What major discovery did John make in the 1970s? A. He unlocked many dinosaurs’ DNA. B. He discovered a new dinosaur species. C. He confirmed dinosaurs’ parental behavior. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Mangroves (红树林) are critical ecosystems that bridge land, freshwater, and sea. Home to various species, they protect and support countless coastal communities worldwide. Yet they continue to face threats from both human activities and natural processes. The report, The State of the World’s Mangroves 2024, examines global changes in mangrove ecosystems over the past two decades. Agricultural activities, including aquaculture (水产养殖), oil palm plantations and rice cultivation, accounted for the largest share of global mangrove loss between 2000 and 2020. The report also highlights the impact of “natural retraction,” a term used to describe mangrove loss driven by changes in riverbeds or sea levels. The global drivers of mangrove loss Nonetheless, changes in the drivers of mangrove loss have led to encouraging results. The rate of net mangrove loss decreased by 44%, falling from 181.5 km2 per year in 2000 — 2010 to 102.4 km2 per year in 2010 — 2020. Mangrove gains are also recorded in several regions, where restoration efforts accounted for 25% — 33% of mangrove expansion in South and Southeast Asia and Africa. Protecting mangroves requires action at every level. Governments can expand protected areas and improve monitoring systems, while conservation project teams restore damaged wetlands. Scientists develop real-time monitoring tools to detect mangrove loss. The report also stresses the importance of cooperation with local communities. In some projects, community members contribute knowledge by describing the historical distribution of mangroves, causes of loss, and seasonal coastal changes they have observed. They also provide data through citizen science platforms like iNaturalist, helping researchers plan more effective restoration projects. 1. What was the total percentage of mangrove loss caused by agricultural activities in 2010-2020? A. 38%. B. 47%. C. 49%. D. 62%. 2. What can we learn about mangrove loss between the two decades? A. It worsened climate change. B. It damaged local economy. C. It expanded on a global scale. D. It showed a downward trend. 3. What can local community members do to support mangrove restoration? A. Make restoration plans. B. Share ecological information. C. Establish protected areas. D. Update monitoring equipment. B During my summer job in Tokyo last year, I discovered how easily body language can create misunderstandings across cultures. After doing well in my interview, I confidently entered the meeting room for my final presentation, eager to share my carefully prepared sales strategy. When the CEO asked about my approach, I sat back in my chair and crossed my arms — a posture (姿势) I considered thoughtful and professional in America. The atmosphere changed immediately. My boss’s smile froze, and the CEO’s clear disapproval appeared. I later learned that in Japan, crossed arms signal arrogance (傲慢) or disagreement — completely contrary to the professional image I wanted to convey. Despite my perfect PowerPoint presentation, I couldn’t undo that inappropriate behavior. While I didn’t recognize my cultural mistake at the moment, I could easily feel the tension mounting as I continued speaking. My Japanese co-worker Rina quietly demonstrated to me the right way to behave during the Q & A session. She rested her hands on her lap and leaned forward slightly to show engagement. I immediately mirrored her posture. As I adapted my body language to Japanese ways, the manager visibly relaxed. This experience taught me that true cultural fluency extends far beyond language proficiency or technical expertise. Now, I make it a priority to research local customs before any international meeting. My studies have revealed fascinating cultural differences. Brazilians maintain smaller personal space during conversations. Germans value firm handshakes with constant eye contact. And the French may exchange cheek kisses in business settings — but only after establishing close professional relationships. This journey has shown me that authentic professional competence requires mindfulness not just of our words, but of our physical presence across cultural contexts. The ability to “speak” through appropriate body language is just as crucial as verbal communication in today’s global business environment, and sometimes even more important than spoken language. 4. What caused the sudden tension in the meeting? A. The author’s inappropriate gesture. B. The assistant’s technical errors. C. The CEO’s unreasonable demand. D. The co-worker’s sudden distraction. 5. How did Rina help the author during the Q & A session? A. By simplifying his slides. B. By correcting his grammar. C. By modeling proper postures. D. By translating the question. 6. Why does the author mention different countries’ customs? A. To share his learning process. B. To prepare for his next journey. C. To appreciate uniqueness of culture. D. To show diversity of body language. 7. What lesson has the author learned in Tokyo? A. Good business is built on good language. B. Wisdom counts more than spoken language. C. A country’s language is as important as its culture. D. Body language is vital in cross-cultural communication. C For years, employees have valued corner offices with expansive views, but is there real cognitive value in sitting by a window? A recent study analysing data from over 3,700 students taking China’s gaokao — a test that determines university admissions — offers convincing evidence. Students were randomly assigned to seats in standardized rooms. Those seated next to a window with an outside view scored 8.9% higher than peers in the middle of the room on average. Crucially, those next to a window with a blocked view showed no such benefit, ruling out simple explanations like lighting. The study’s authors attribute the effect to ART (Attention Restoration Theory). ART suggests that gazing at nature or open views can gently engage the brain’s “soft fascination”, allowing focused attention to recover from fatigue. During a demanding exam, a brief mental break to look outside may help students recharge. Supporting this, the effect was strongest among students who teachers had noted as having difficulty sustaining attention in class, and among male students who tend to struggle more with prolonged focus. The findings also dismiss several alternative explanations. Improved lighting and air flow are unlikely, as the window with a blocked view — offering similar light and air — produced no score gain. External noise, strictly controlled during exams, cannot account for the difference either. The effect is noteworthy: it rivals the impact of substantial financial motivation on student performance and outweighs some negative effects like temperature increases or air pollution documented in similar settings. This research carries practical implications for fairness in testing. Since seat assignments are often random, some students gain an unintentional advantage. Simple solutions, such as removing the window-seat column or changing seats across subjects, could level the playing field. The study also highlights the broader value of restorative environments, from classrooms to workplaces, where window views remain the most desired amenity (舒适配套) among North American employees. While the authors caution that distractions from window views may matter in low-risk settings, the message is clear: our built environment shapes our minds in subtle but significant ways. 8. The study finds that students ______. A. valued corner seats with outside views. B. could benefit from improved lighting. C. performed differently due to the position. D. were easily distracted by outside views. 9. According to ART, a window view helps students to ______. A. create a calming effect. B. restore their mental focus. C. finish the exam without fatigue. D. block out distracting noises. 10. What does the underlined word “rivals” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Increases. B. Reduces. C. Equals. D. Highlights. 11. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To discuss the limitations of the study. B. To propose ways to ensure fair test conditions. C. To suggest improvements in classroom design. D. To highlight the broader significance of the findings. D Slop is a new way to describe mass-produced, low-quality content. The term comes from artificial intelligence. Developer Simon Willison shared the concept: “Not all AI-generated content is slop. But if it’s mindlessly generated and forced upon someone who didn’t ask for it, slop is the perfect term.” Today slop’s critical tone is increasingly aimed at all things AI, treating it as a cultural pollutant. But by unthinkingly ignoring all of it, we risk missing out on the minority of creations that are keepers. Mass-produced culture has a long, messy history. One notable slop moment came after Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press in Europe. The device — the ChatGPT of the 1450s — allowed the mass production of cheap printed material. Some of this material was nonsense, but much of it entertained and educated the masses. In the early 1700s, a growing reading public created steady demand for text, giving rise to Grub Street — the slop generator of its time. People laughed at Grub Street even as its writers built the first modern freelance (自由职业) economy and mass-print culture. The 20th-century cinema boom followed a similar pattern. Production demands produced a lot of rubbish, but this effort also developed the motion-picture industry’s foundation. In all of these situations, the point wasn’t to create masterpieces; it was to create rapidly and cheaply. But the production of new types of slop allows more people to participate. The current wave of AI-generated slop raises the risks because the cost for those making slop has collapsed to near zero, while the cost for other people is high in terms of cognitive burden. So we must identify and take advantage of what stands out so that we can better discourage what doesn’t. The word “slop” helps us do that when it is used correctly. Calling everything worthless is a misguided attempt to dam (阻止) the flood rather than channel it. If “culture is ordinary,” then the ordinary act of making on a large scale will always include waste. But it’ll also produce the seeds of the next thing we’ll decide to keep. 12. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is an example of “slop”? A. A novel written by ChatGPT upon request. B. An AI-generated poem that pops up on your phone. C. A historical essay printed by a modern publisher. D. A low-budget film made by a famous filmmaker. 13. What do the examples in paragraph 2 illustrate? A. History is sometimes unreliable. B. Mass-produced culture received wide criticism. C. Mass-produced culture has long been a complex issue. D. Technological advances underwent a difficult process. 14. What has fueled today’s slop boom? A. Lower production costs. B. Better digital access. C. Faster information flow. D. Public demand for AI. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Slop in AI: A Growing Problem B. The Slop Cycle: Trash or Treasure C. Slop in History: An Art Phenomenon D. Mass Production: Past and Future 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A classic song says, “Everybody needs good neighbours.” But in 2026, do we still need them? Or have we forgotten how to be friendly with those around us? ____16____ But these days, many live next door for years without learning their names. Is neighbourliness disappearing? Studies show we have less contact with neighbours than before. One survey found that 76% of us believe people were closer to neighbours 20 years ago than today. ____17____ There are reasons behind this fact. People today move homes more often for work or family needs, making long-term connections harder. In smaller communities, people attend the same schools or shops, so they get to know each other easily. But in cities with larger populations, these chance meetings happen less often. ____18____ Long office hours or irregular remote work means neighbours may not see each other. At the same time, many of us care more about privacy. Often, our only interactions are arguments about noise or shared areas. ____19____ A global study found that knowing just six neighbours can reduce loneliness and help people feel safer. For older people or those in poor health, informal acts of support from neighbors can be life-changing. Age UK has highlighted how regular neighbourly contact can help older residents stay independent for longer, while reducing social isolation. Ultimately, there’s no hard and fast rulebook to being a good neighbour. ____20____ But at the very least, making sure to smile and offer a kind word can go much further than you might think. A. Our working patterns also play a part. B. However, having good neighbours still matters. C. Most people spend more time socializing than working. D. What feels caring to one may feel unwelcome to another. E. Once, our front doors remained unlocked for friendly faces. F. It also found that one in five have never spoken to neighbours. G. The survey also noted urban residents interact less with neighbours. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Some people were born gifted, but I wasn’t. Well into my sixties, I was ____21____ searching for something I did really well. When my friend advised me to join an art class, I ____22____ but finally decided to have a go. Now here I was staring at a ____23____ canvas (画布), with a photograph of a sunflower beside it, wondering what I was doing in this class. “Grid off (分格) the photo and canvas into squares,” Debbie, my teacher, walked us through the ____24____ of painting. As I followed the instructions, I thought back on my past ____25____ to make artwork. In junior high, I eagerly chose art, but my enthusiasm was ____26____. The teacher’s harsh criticism quickly made me drop the class. Then in college, I ____27____ a drawing class but barely kept up, leaving my confidence ____28____ again. After that, my creative energies were restricted only to secret ____29____. This time, I wouldn’t let that happen again. I gridded off my picture and painted just one ____30____ at a time. My shaky hands gradually ____31____ and found their rhythm. Little by little, a cheerful sunflower came to life. Debbie had told us, “Don’t think of it as part of a bigger picture. And don’t guess at where it ____32____ with the rest.” A single sunflower had brought me more ____33____ than an entire field of flowers. The sunflower finally ____34____ and bloomed (开花) within me: I was a late bloomer, finally uncovering a truth we too often forget — take small steps and dreams have no ____35____ limit. 21. A. already B. still C. ever D. just 22. A. applied B. commented C. hesitated D. survived 23. A. blank B. strange C. rough D. painted 24. A. trends B. chores C. tests D. basics 25. A. attempts B. excuses C. promises D. reactions 26. A. short-sighted B. short-lived C. ever-growing D. far-reaching 27. A. missed B. skipped C. designed D. braved 28. A. in turn B. in return C. in pieces D. in tears 29. A. hobbies B. careers C. policies D. rules 30. A. photo B. square C. sunflower D. class 31. A. steadied B. froze C. ached D. sweated 32. A. meets B. competes C. deals D. fits 33. A. joy B. luck C. patience D. fame 34. A. took shape B. took root C. died out D. faded away 35. A. status B. gender C. age D. ability 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wu Yize is a professional snooker (斯诺克) player from Lanzhou, Gansu, China. Born on 14 October, 2003, he has quickly become one of the most exciting young ____36____ (talent) in the sport. In May 2026, Wu made history by winning the World Snooker Championship, ____37____ (defeat) Shaun Murphy in a dramatic final. At just 22 years old, he became the first post-2000 player and only the second Chinese ____38____ (claim) snooker's most famous title. His rise has been rapid. Wu turned professional in 2021 and ____39____ (name) Rookie (新人) of the Year in 2022. He won his first ranking title at the 2025 International Championship, where he produced four century breaks (四杆破百) and beat John Higgins 10-6. That victory served ____40____ a sign that he was now among the top players. Wu is a player ____41____ extraordinary long potting (击球入袋) sets him apart from others — many experts consider him the best long-range potter in the game today. When under pressure, he can ____42____ (instant) turn defence into attack with impossible pots. What's more, Wu is not just ____43____ fearless attacker; his safety play and smart decision-making have also improved a lot. During his 2026 world title run, he defeated Mark Selby, in which he showed great ____44____ (brave) and all-round skill. Off the table, Wu is known for his constant practice — often training over six hours a day. Since winning the world championship, he ____45____ (set) his sights on more titles and aimed to inspire a new generation of Chinese snooker players. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你校将举办主题为“学习科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1．简单介绍一位科学家；2．他/她身上值得学习的品质；3．呼吁同学们向科学家学习。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone. It’s my great honour to deliver a speech here. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thanks for your listening! 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The old workshop door creaked open. Clara walked in quietly. Her shoes stepped on wood shavings (刨花) that sparkled in the sunlight. Through the dusty windows, the morning light shone on Grandfather’s rough hands. He was gluing a maple chair leg. The wall calendar still showed January. Its yellowed pages were curling, just like dry leaves. An open order book lay on the desk. February’s page was empty. There had been no new orders since mid-January. Clara held her breath and recorded Grandfather with her phone. She focused on his quick hands as he measured angles with a metal ruler. “This might help him,” she thought, eager to show how skilled he was. However, when she posted the video online, negative comments flooded in. “Old ways for a dying business!” “No wonder the business is failing!” Saddened, Clara deleted the video quickly. A spider crawled over the empty order book. Its blank pages showed not many people wanted handmade things these days. “Want to see my treasure?” Grandpa’ s voice broke the silence. He opened a leather album filled with pencil sketches (草图) like library chairs from 1958 and park benches from 1962. A faded photo slipped out: a smiling boy missing two teeth was grinning at the camera, holding a curved (弯曲的) spoon proudly. “Timmy, my former student,” Grandfather smiled, touching the curve of the spoon in the photo. “Now he designs furniture for tall buildings. Last month’s newspaper had an article about his curved stairs. It was inspired by this very spoon.” He tapped the photo, adding, “Machines make things fast, but hands remember stories.” Clara looked at the photo — the curved spoon, Timmy’s smile, and Grandpa’s young handwriting on the back: Timmy’s first repair, age 7. Beside her, fresh wood shavings were shining. “Stories must be told,” Clara murmured, taking out her phone again. This time, she aimed to share not just the work, but the story behind it. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next morning, Clara uploaded a new video. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A week later, Timmy, now a famous furniture designer, walked in the workshop. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $