内容正文:
Unit 3 Fascinating Parks
Reading and Thinking
一、重点单词
1. sanctuary n.庇护所;保护区
2. buffet n 自助餐;v. 猛击,冲击
3. cloth n.布;抹布
4. edge n.边缘;刀刃;优势 v. 缓缓移动
5. valley n.山谷;流域
6. vast adj. 辽阔的;巨大的
7. territory n.n. 领土;地盘;领域
8. ban n.禁令 vt. 禁止
1. 9. cottage n.村舍,小屋;乡间别墅
10. visible adj.看得见的;明显的
11. boundary n.边界;界限
12. accompany vt.陪伴;伴随;伴奏
3. adopt vt. 收养;采纳;通过
14. sour adj. 酸的;不和的 v. 变酸;恶化
15. bless vt. 保佑;祝福
二、重点单词变形
1. cloth n. 布 → clothes n. 衣服 → clothing n. 服装总称
2. nation n. 国家,民族 → national adj. 国家的,民族的 → nationality n. 国籍
3. vast adj. 辽阔的,巨大的 → vastly adv. 极其,非常 → vastness n. 广阔
4. edge n. 边缘,刀刃 v. 缓缓移动 → edgy adj. 紧张不安的,前卫的 → edging n. 镶边
5. territory n. 领土,领域 → territorial adj. 领土的
6. visible adj. 看得见的,明显的 → invisible adj. 看不见的 → visibility n. 能见度
7. adopt vt. 收养,采纳 → adoption n. 收养,采用 → adoptive adj. 收养的
8. bless vt. 保佑,祝福 → blessed adj. 有福的 → blessing n. 祝福,幸事
9. accompany vt. 陪伴,伴奏 → company n. 陪伴,公司 → companion n. 同伴 → accompaniment n. 伴奏
三、必备词块
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1. on nature’s own terms - 按大自然本身的方式
2. an introduction to sth - 某物的介绍
3. national parks - 国家公园
4. theme parks - 主题公园
5. a land of mountains and ice - 一片多山多冰雪的土地
6. wake up to the sound of the wind - 在风声中醒来
7. leave behind - 留下;遗留;把…… 抛在后面
8. make this territory their home - 把这片领地当成家园
9. apart from - 除…… 之外
10. in its natural state - 处于自然状态
11. way of life - 生活方式
12. at the far side of... - 在…… 的远端
13. close by - 在附近,在近处
14. feed on grass - 以草为食
15. look after - 照顾;照料
16. on the move - 在迁徙中;在行进中
17. pick up - 捡起;接人;学会;(动物)觅食
18. live a modern life - 过着现代生活
19. flat bread - 扁面包
20. set out - 出发;动身;着手
21. breathe the fresh air - 呼吸新鲜空气
四、必会考点
1. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
【句式 even though… 意为尽管……,引导让步状语从句,议论文、读后续写高频句型(高考读后续写、应用文、概要写作都能用)】例句 1:Even though he was tired, he kept helping the old man. 尽管他很累,他依旧坚持帮助老人。例句 2:Even though the task was hard, we finished it on time. 尽管任务艰巨,我们按时完成了。
【考点解析】
1. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.翻译:尽管阳光明媚,但是很难分清现在是早上还是夜晚。
【句式 even though… 意为尽管……,引导让步状语从句,议论文、读后续写高频句型(高考读后续写、应用文、概要写作都能用)】例句 1:Even though he was tired, he kept helping the old man. 尽管他很累,他依旧坚持帮助老人。例句 2:Even though the task was hard, we finished it on time. 尽管任务艰巨,我们按时完成了。
【考点解析】
a. even though (同义even if) 尽管;虽然(引导让步状语从句); 注意:even though /even if 不能和 but 连用,一个句子二选一。例:Even though it rained heavily, we went hiking.(√)Even though it rained heavily, but we went hiking.(×)
b. 动名词 (doing) 作主语:telling whether it is morning or night
结构:动名词短语放在句首,作句子主语,谓语动词用单数本句主干:telling… is impossible
· telling 是 tell 的动名词形式;
· whether it is morning or night 是宾语从句,作 telling 的宾语;
对比:Reading books benefits us. 读书使我们受益。(reading 动名词作主语,谓语单数)
· 补充短语:whether…or… 是…… 还是……
【即学即练】
1. ____________ it was cold, she wore a thin coat.(even though)尽管天气很冷,她只穿了一件薄外套。
2. ____________ (walk) for an hour every day is good for our health.每天步行一小时对我们健康有益。
3. ____________ (decide) whether to go or stay takes me a long time.决定去还是留花了我很久时间。
4. 尽管困难重重,他没有放弃。(翻译)
________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. Even though 2. Walking 3. Deciding
1. 4. Even though there were many difficulties, he didn’t give up.
2. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.翻译:拉帕河的支流在我眼前铺展开来,流淌在下方的山谷之中。
【句式 现在分词 (-ing) 作状语】放在句首,用来描述主句主语伴随 / 主动发生的动作,读后续写风景描写高频句型(写景、烘托氛围绝佳)】
例句 1:Smiling brightly, she waved at me from across the street. 她笑容灿烂,在街对面朝我挥手。
例句 2:Looking down, I saw a little rabbit hiding among the bushes. 往下看去,我看见一只小兔子躲在灌木丛里。
【考点解析】
a. spread 用法spread /spred/v. 铺开,展开,蔓延;过去式、过去分词都是 spread(不变形)
短语:spread out 铺开、伸展、展开(本句用)
区分:
· spreading(现在分词 / 动名词,主动)
· spread(过去分词,表被动)️ 易混:spread 不是规则动词,不要写成 spreaded
例:The bird spread its wings. 鸟儿展开翅膀。
b. -ing 结构(现在分词)作状语
判断规则:分词的动作由主句主语发出,是主动关系,用 doing;本句:Spreading out 的逻辑主语就是后文 branches of the Rapa River(河流支流),支流主动 “铺展开”,所以用 Spreading
位置:常放句首,用逗号和主句隔开,表伴随、方式、状态;
对比:如果是被动,要用 done(过去分词)
例:Seen from the hill, the lake looks beautiful.(lake 是 “被看”,用 Seen)
c. 补充短语:flow through 流经;below adv. 在下方(后置定语,修饰 valley)
【即学即练】
1. ________ (spread) out in front of us, the lake shone in the sun.(-ing 作状语)湖泊在我们眼前铺开,在阳光下闪闪发光。
2. A thick fog ________ (spread) across the whole forest last night.(spread 过去式)昨夜浓雾弥漫整片森林。
3. ________ (walk) along the path, we enjoyed the quiet beauty of the valley.(-ing 作状语)沿着小路往前走,我们欣赏着山谷静谧的美景。
4. 野花在山坡上大片铺开,看起来格外迷人。
_____________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1. Spreading 2. spread 3. Walking
4.Spreading out on the hillside, wild flowers looked extremely attractive.
3.Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
【句式 the way (that/in which) 当然,当新技术改变我们的生活方式时,这可能是一个可怕的前景。】
the way 表示 “…… 的方式” 作先行词,后面定语从句的关系词有三种情况:
1. the way + that
2. the way + in which
3. the way + 省略关系词(本句就是这种:the way we live = the way (that/in which) we live)
从句we live,句子主谓完整,不缺主语、宾语;先行词 the way 表方式,关系词在从句中作方式状语,此时 that /in which 可以省略。
the way (that/in which) we live 我们生活的方式
I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak to your mother.我不喜欢你跟你妈妈说话的那种方式。
The way (that/in which) he solved the problem surprised everyone.他解决这个问题的方式让所有人吃惊。
【即学即练】
1. I admire the way ______ he talks with strangers.
2. The way ______ you explained the problem was easy to understand.
3. I can’t accept the way ______ he treated his parents.
4. The way ______ reminds me of my old teacher is special.
5. She was shocked at the way ______ her son looked at her.
6. 我欣赏她处理压力的方式。
_____________________________________________________________________
7. 他看待世界的方式与众不同。
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.that /in which / (不填)2. that /in which / (不填)3. that /in which / (不填) 4. that /which(从句缺主语,不可用 in which) 5. that /in which / (不填)
6. I admire the way (that/in which) she deals with pressure.
7. The way (that/in which) he sees the world is different.
4.Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. 跟随着驯鹿的是萨米人,他们把这片领地当成自己的家园。
【句式 全部倒装 + who 引导非限制性定语从句 + make + 宾语 + 宾补,读后续写写景叙事高频句型,适合人物、族群介绍】
例句 1:Waiting beside the river was a little girl, who loved watching the wild birds. 在河边等候的是一个小女孩,她喜爱观赏野鸟。
例句 2:We met a traveller, who made the forest his shelter. 我们遇见一位旅人,他把森林当作自己的庇护所。
【考点解析】
a. 句首倒装Following the reindeer were the Sami people 是全部倒装。正常语序:The Sami people were following the reindeer.现在分词提到句首表强调,主谓倒装,高考阅读高频,写作可以酌情仿写。
b. who 引导非限制性定语从句先行词:the Sami people(人),关系词 who 在从句中作主语;
要点:非限制性定语从句前面有逗号隔开,不能用 that,用来补充额外信息,去掉后主句依然完整。对比:The man who lives here is a herder.(限制性定语从句,无逗号)The Sami people, who follow reindeer, live a traditional life.(非限制性定语从句,补充说明)
c. make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语结构:make + 宾语 + 名词(宾补),含义:把…… 当作 / 使…… 成为……本句:make this territory(宾语) their home(名词作宾补)
常见 make 宾补结构汇总:
make + n. + n. 使…… 成为……:We made him our leader. 我们选他当领袖。
make + n. + adj. 使…… 怎么样:The news made us happy. 这消息让我们很高兴。
make + n. + do sth 使…… 做某事:The story made me cry. 这个故事让我落泪。
【即学即练】
1. We came across an old herder, ______ (who/that) told us about the Sami tradition.(定语从句)我们偶遇一位老牧人,他给我们讲述萨米人的传统。
2. They made the small cottage ______ (they) home.(make + 宾 + 宾补)他们把这间小屋当成自己的家。
3. I met a guide, ______ showed me the path through the valley.(定语从句)我遇到一位向导,他带我穿过山谷的小路。
4. 翻译:我们找到了一处安静的湖泊,把它当成了歇脚的地方。
____________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1. who 2. their 3. who
3. We found a quiet lake, and we made it our resting place. / We found a quiet lake, which we made our resting place.)
5.Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.翻译:就在附近,有几只驯鹿正在吃草。
【句式 there be + 名词 + doing,现在分词作后置定语,写景高频句型,适合读后续写环境描写】
例句 1:Near the stream, there are some rabbits hiding in the bushes. 小溪旁,有几只兔子躲在灌木丛里。
例句 2:Close by, there was a little bird singing in the tree. 就在附近,有一只小鸟在树上歌唱。
【考点解析】
a. He lives close by. 他就住在附近。辨析:close to + 名词(后面必须接宾语);close by 后面不加宾语。
b. feed on动词短语,(动物)以…… 为食,吃……例:Cows feed on grass. 牛以草为食。
c. there be 句型中的非谓语 doing(现在分词作后置定语)结构:There be + 名词 + doing sth. 逻辑:名词和 do 是主动关系,用 doing,表示 “正在…… 的”;本句:reindeer 和 feed 是主动关系,驯鹿主动吃草 → feeding on grass 修饰 reindeer
对比:如果是被动关系,用 done: There are some trees planted by the villagers. 有一些村民种下的树。
如果表将来,则可用to do: There is a lot to explore in senior high school.
d. 补充:reindeer 单复数同形,a reindeer /a few reindeer
【即学即练】
1. ________(就在附近), there are some sheep feeding on grass.(close by)就在附近,有几只羊在吃草。
2. Pandas feed ________ bamboo.(feed on)熊猫以竹子为食。
3. There were some children ________ (play) beside the valley.(there be + doing)当时有一些孩子在山谷边玩耍。
4. 不远处,有几只鸟儿正在空中飞翔。
_______________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1. Close by 2. on 3. playing
4.Close by, there are some birds flying in the sky.
6.Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. 因为驯鹿一直在迁徙,萨米人便会收起帐篷,跟随它们。
【句式 since 引导原因状语从句 + would do 表过去习惯性动作,读后续写记叙文、人文类阅读高频句,适合讲述古老习俗、往事】
例句 1:Since the river rose rapidly, they would pick up their belongings and move away. 因为河水涨得很快,他们常会收拾行李搬走。
例句 2:Since the animals were on the move, the herders would accompany them day and night. 因为兽群在迁徙,牧民们会日夜跟随它们。
【考点解析】
a. since 连词,因为,由于引导原因状语从句,理由多是显而易见的,语气弱于 because;
区分:since 还可译作 “自从”,引导时间状语从句,看语境判断。例:Since you are tired, you can take a break. 既然你累了,可以休息一会。
b. on the move 在迁徙;在行进;四处迁移(本句描述动物迁徙,高频固定短语)例:The wolves are on the move at night. 狼群夜间四处游走。
c. pick up多义短语,本句含义:收拾,收起(帐篷、随身物品)拓展常考义项:捡起;接某人;学会;好转例:They picked up their bags and set off. 他们收拾好背包出发了。
d. accompany vt. 陪伴,跟随;伴随
搭配:accompany sb 陪伴 / 跟随某人
注意:accompany 是及物动词,后面直接加宾语,不加 with;不要说 accompany with
例:She accompanied her grandma to the cottage. 她陪着奶奶去小屋。.
【即学即练】
1. ________ the storm was coming, they would pick up their tents quickly.(since 因为)因为暴风雨即将来临,他们会迅速收起帐篷。
2. The wild horses are ________ ________ ________.(on the move)野马正在迁徙。
3. They would ________ ________ their things before sunset.(pick up 收拾)他们总会在日落前收拾好东西。
4. He decided to ________ the travellers across the valley.(accompany)他决定陪伴旅行者穿过山谷。
5. 翻译:因为羊群一直在迁移,牧民们总会收拾帐篷跟着它们。
___________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】1. Since 2. on the move 3. pick up 4. accompany
5.Since the sheep were always on the move, the herders would pick up their tents and accompany them.
一、词汇易混辨析
1.buffet / knock
核心区别:
buffet 侧重连续猛击、冲击(风雨 / 海浪等外力;也作名词自助餐);
knock 侧重敲打、磕碰(人用手敲击,无意碰撞)
· buffet /ˈbʊfeɪ/ n.&v.
v. 连续猛击;冲击(多指风、浪、暴雨等反复拍打、冲击物体,阅读 / 读后续写写景高频)语气:外力持续、粗暴地冲击,带有摇晃、压迫感
搭配:be buffeted by… 受到…… 的冲击;buffet against sth 拍打某物
例句:The small boat was buffeted by strong winds. 小船遭到狂风的猛烈冲击。
n. 自助餐例句:We had lunch at a buffet. 我们吃了自助午餐。
· knock /nɒk/n.&v. 敲;打;碰撞
语气:力度可轻可重,可指有意敲门敲打,也可指无意磕碰
搭配:knock at/on the door 敲门;knock down 撞倒;knock into sb 撞到某人;knock out 打晕
例句:He knocked on the door gently. 他轻轻敲了敲门。
The boy knocked into the tree and hurt his leg. 男孩撞到树上,伤到了腿。
辨析 buffet vs knock
buffet:主语常是风、雨、浪,持续猛烈冲击,无 “敲门” 含义;
knock:主语多是人 / 物体,可有意敲击,也可意外碰撞。
共同补充考点: 都可以用于读后续写环境、动作描写;buffet 多写景,knock 多写人的动作。
即学即练
1. The branches were ______ by the heavy rain. 树枝遭到大雨的拍打。
2. Please ______ at the door before entering. 进来前请敲门。
3. The old man was ______ down by a bike. 老人被一辆自行车撞倒了。
【参考答案】1. buffeted 2. knock 3. knocked
2. vast / huge / massive / enormous
核心区别:
vast 侧重地域、空间、范围辽阔无边;
huge 通用,尺寸 / 数量 / 程度大;
massive 侧重厚重、体量、规模宏大;
enormous 强调大到超出常规,程度极强,书面高分词
· vast /vɑːst/adj. 辽阔的;广袤的;巨大的
语气:多用于描述面积、空间、疆域,一眼望不到边,写景高频(原野、海洋、沙漠、山谷)
搭配:a vast valley 广袤的山谷;a vast ocean 浩瀚的海洋;vast areas 大片区域
例句:We saw a vast stretch of grassland ahead. 我们前方看见了一片辽阔的草原。
· huge /hjuːdʒ/adj. 巨大的,庞大的
语气:最通用,书面口语都可用;既可形容实物体积,也可形容抽象事物(压力、成功、数量)
搭配:a huge bear 大熊;a huge challenge 巨大的挑战;a huge crowd 一大群人
例句:It was a huge surprise for all of us. 这对我们所有人来说都是一个巨大的惊喜。
· massive /ˈmæsɪv/adj. 巨大厚重的;大规模的
语气:侧重沉甸甸、有重量感、结实厚重;也可指事件规模大
搭配:massive rocks 巨石;a massive flood 大洪水;a massive task 浩大的任务
例句:Massive blocks of ice floated on the river. 巨大厚重的冰块漂浮在河面上。
· enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/adj. 巨大的,庞大的
语气:强调尺寸、数量远超正常标准,带有惊叹感,高考写作高分替换词
搭配:enormous pressure 巨大压力;an enormous animal 巨型动物;enormous success 巨大成就
例句:He spent an enormous amount of time on this project. 他在这个项目上耗费了极多时间。
辨析总结
vast:范围辽阔(土地、海洋、空间,写景首选)
huge:万能通用,实体、抽象都能用
massive:厚重有分量,重物、大规模灾难 / 工程
enormous:超乎寻常的大,带有惊叹色彩
即学即练
1. Across the mountain lay a ______ plain.(辽阔无垠)山的那边是一片广袤的平原。
2. A ______ rock lay in the middle of the path.(厚重笨重)一块巨石横在路中间。
3. To our surprise, the bear was ______.(体型超乎想象)令我们吃惊的是,这只熊体型巨大。
4. It is a ______ honour for me to join the team.(通用,极大的)能加入这个团队对我来说是莫大的荣幸。
【参考答案】
1. vast 2. massive 3. enormous 4. huge
3.territory / frontier / borderland
核心区别:territory 侧重一国 / 族群拥有、管辖的领土、领地;
frontier 侧重尚未开发、边陲前沿地带;
borderland 指两国之间交界的边境区域(交界缓冲地带)
· territory /ˈterətri/n. 领土;领地;地盘
语气:侧重归属权,属于某个国家、部族、动物的管控范围,本单元萨米人课文高频词
搭配:national territory 国土;animal territory 动物领地;make…one’s territory 把…… 当作自己的领地
例句:The Sami made this valley their territory. 萨米人把这片山谷当成他们的领地。
· frontier /ˈfrʌntɪə(r)/n. 边陲,边疆;前沿
语气:侧重文明、定居地的边缘尽头、未充分开发的前沿,带有开拓感;也可指学科前沿
搭配:the frontier of the forest 森林的边缘地带;the frontiers of science 科学前沿
例句:They lived on the frontier, far away from towns. 他们居住在远离城镇的边陲地带。
· borderland /ˈbɔːdəlænd/n. 边境地带,交界地区
语气:国界之间的过渡交界区域,介于两国边界之间,多指狭长的交界地带
搭配:the borderland between two countries 两国交界地带
例句:Many wild animals move freely in the borderland. 许多野生动物在这片边境交界地带自由迁徙。
辨析总结
territory:强调归属、主权、地盘(谁拥有这块地)
frontier:定居文明的尽头、未开发前沿(开拓、荒野感)
borderland:两国边界中间的交界区域,边界夹缝地带
即学即练
The wolf defended its ______ from other animals. 这只狼守护自己的领地,不让其他动物入侵。
They explored the remote ______ where few people had been. 他们探索这片人迹罕至的边陲。
This ______ is hard to govern because it lies between two nations. 这片交界地带因为地处两国之间,难以管控。
【参考答案】1. territory 2. frontier 3. borderland
4.adopt / adapt
核心区别:adopt 是采纳、收养;
adapt 是适应、改编,高考超级高频形近词
· adopt /əˈdɒpt/ vt.
词义:采纳,采用;收养,领养语气:正式书面词
搭配:adopt a method/plan/policy 采用方法 / 计划 / 政策;adopt a child 收养孩子
例句:We decided to adopt this new way of learning. 我们决定采用这种新的学习方式。
The couple adopted a homeless boy. 这对夫妇领养了一个无家可归的男孩。
· adapt /əˈdæpt/ v.
词义:(使)适应;改编语气:书面常用
搭配:adapt to sth 适应某物;adapt oneself to 使自己适应;adapt sth from 根据…… 改编
例句:It took her a while to adapt to the new life here. 她花了一段时间适应这里的新生活。
The story was adapted from a true event. 这个故事改编自真实事件。
辨析总结
· adopt:a (d) opt → 选过来(采纳、收养)
· adapt:a (d) apt → 调整、适合(适应、改编)变形拓展:adoption n. 收养;采纳adaptation n. 适应;改编本
即学即练
They ______ a new rule to protect the wild animals. 他们采用了一条新规来保护野生动物。
It is hard for some animals to ______ to the changing weather. 一些动物很难适应变化的气候。
The film is ______ from a famous novel. 这部电影由一本名著改编而来。
The family wanted to ______ a little girl. 这家人想要领养一个小女孩。
【参考答案】1. adopted 2. adapt 3. adapted 4. adopt
二、短语搭配易错
1. wake up to the sound of the wind
wake /weɪk/v. 醒来;唤醒 (变形wake 过去式 woke;过去分词 woken)
wake up to the sound of the wind 在风声中醒来
核心释义:
a. 听到风声而醒来(写景描写,读后续写环境、感官描写高频,烘托荒野、宁静氛围)
b. 拓展结构:wake up to + 感官名词,“伴着…… 的声音 / 景象醒来”,侧重醒来时映入耳中、眼中的景象声音
wake up 短语:醒来;叫醒wake sb up 叫醒某人
例句:I woke up to the sound of the wind outside the cottage. 我伴着小屋外的风声醒来。
She woke up to the sound of birdsong. 她伴着鸟鸣声醒来。
区别:wake up to the sound of… 【醒来时听见……】(侧重醒来那一刻听到声音,感官画面感强,写景高分)
wake up at the sound of… 【一听到…… 就惊醒】(带有惊吓、突然的意味)
高考例句
He woke up to the sound of the wind blowing through the valley. 他伴着穿过山谷的风声醒来。
Tired from the long walk, she woke up to the sound of the wind in the trees. 长途跋涉之后,她在林间风声中醒来。
写作万能句式(可直接背)We woke up to the sound of the wind, enjoying the quiet beauty of the wild land.我们伴着风声醒来,欣赏这片荒野静谧的美景。
即学即练
I woke up ______ the sound of the wind.(to)我伴着风声醒来。
The traveller woke up ______ the sound of flowing water.(to)旅行者伴着流水声醒来。
【参考答案】1. to 2. to
2. keep sb company / accompany sb
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/v. 陪伴;陪同keep sb company = accompany sb 陪伴某人
核心释义
a. keep sb company 短语,口语、书面都常用,侧重 “陪着某人,解闷、做伴”
b. accompany sb 动词短语,偏正式书面,高考阅读、读后续写高频;可表示陪同去往某地,也可表伴随
变形company n. 陪伴;伙伴(不可数)
accompany vt. 陪伴;伴随
accompaniment n. 伴随物;伴奏
例句:I kept him company during the long night. = I accompanied him during the long night.漫漫长夜里,我陪着他。
She accompanied me to the valley. 她陪我去往山谷。
区别:keep sb company:只侧重留守陪伴、作伴(打发孤单),一般不接地点;不能说 keep sb company to sp
accompany sb:可单纯陪伴,也可陪同某人前往某个地方,
搭配 accompany sb to + 地点
重要易错点:accompany 本身已经包含 “陪伴” 含义,不能加 with
️ 固定搭配:keep sb company 中间 sb 不能省;company 前面不加 a
高考例句
Since the old herder felt lonely, the dog kept him company. = Since the old herder felt lonely, the dog accompanied him.老牧民感到孤单,小狗陪着他。
He accompanied the travellers to the remote borderland.他陪同旅行者去往偏远的边境地带。
写作万能句式(可直接背)When I stayed in the quiet valley, the gentle wind kept me company.= When I stayed in the quiet valley, the gentle wind accompanied me.当我待在幽静的山谷里,微风与我相伴。
即学即练
The little reindeer kept the boy ______ (company). 这只小驯鹿陪着男孩。
She will accompany her grandma ______ the cottage. (to) 她会陪奶奶去小屋。
改错:He accompanied with me. ________________________
【参考答案】1. company 2. to 3. 去掉 with → He accompanied me.
$Unit 3 Fascinating Parks
Reading and Thinking
一、重点单词
1. n.庇护所;保护区
2. n 自助餐;v. 猛击,冲击
3. n.布;抹布
4. n.边缘;刀刃;优势 v. 缓缓移动
5. n.山谷;流域
6. adj. 辽阔的;巨大的
7. n.n. 领土;地盘;领域
8. n.禁令 vt. 禁止
1. 9. n.村舍,小屋;乡间别墅
10. adj.看得见的;明显的
11. n.边界;界限
12. vt.陪伴;伴随;伴奏
3. vt. 收养;采纳;通过
14. adj. 酸的;不和的 v. 变酸;恶化
15. vt. 保佑;祝福
二、重点单词变形
1. n. 布 → n. 衣服 → n. 服装总称
2. n. 国家,民族 → adj. 国家的,民族的 → n. 国籍
3. adj. 辽阔的,巨大的 → adv. 极其,非常 → n. 广阔
4. n. 边缘,刀刃 v. 缓缓移动 → adj. 紧张不安的,前卫的 → ____ n. 镶边
5. n. 领土,领域 → adj. 领土的
6. adj. 看得见的,明显的 → adj. 看不见的 → n. 能见度
7. vt. 收养,采纳 → n. 收养,采用 → adj. 收养的
8. vt. 保佑,祝福 → adj. 有福的 → n. 祝福,幸事
9. vt. 陪伴,伴奏 → n. 陪伴,公司 → n. 同伴 → ________________n. 伴奏
三、必备词块
学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 6
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. ___________________________ - 按大自然本身的方式
2. ___________________________- 某物的介绍
3. ___________________________- 国家公园
4. ___________________________- 主题公园
5. ___________________________- 一片多山多冰雪的土地
6. ___________________________- 在风声中醒来
7. ___________________________- 留下;遗留;把…… 抛在后面
8. ___________________________- 把这片领地当成家园
9. ___________________________- 除…… 之外
10. ___________________________- 处于自然状态
11. __________________________ - 生活方式
12. ___________________________- 在…… 的远端
13. ___________________________- 在附近,在近处
14. ___________________________- 以草为食
15. ___________________________- 照顾;照料
16. ___________________________- 在迁徙中;在行进中
17. __________________________ - 捡起;接人;学会;(动物)觅食
18. __________________________ - 过着现代生活
19. ___________________________- 扁面包
20. ___________________________- 出发;动身;着手
21. ___________________________- 呼吸新鲜空气
四、必会考点
1. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
【句式 even though… 意为尽管……,引导让步状语从句,议论文、读后续写高频句型(高考读后续写、应用文、概要写作都能用)】例句 1:Even though he was tired, he kept helping the old man. 尽管他很累,他依旧坚持帮助老人。例句 2:Even though the task was hard, we finished it on time. 尽管任务艰巨,我们按时完成了。
【考点解析】
1. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.翻译:尽管阳光明媚,但是很难分清现在是早上还是夜晚。
【句式 even though… 意为尽管……,引导让步状语从句,议论文、读后续写高频句型(高考读后续写、应用文、概要写作都能用)】例句 1:Even though he was tired, he kept helping the old man. 尽管他很累,他依旧坚持帮助老人。例句 2:Even though the task was hard, we finished it on time. 尽管任务艰巨,我们按时完成了。
【考点解析】
a. even though (同义even if) 尽管;虽然(引导让步状语从句); 注意:even though /even if 不能和 but 连用,一个句子二选一。例:Even though it rained heavily, we went hiking.(√)Even though it rained heavily, but we went hiking.(×)
b. 动名词 (doing) 作主语:telling whether it is morning or night
结构:动名词短语放在句首,作句子主语,谓语动词用单数本句主干:telling… is impossible
· telling 是 tell 的动名词形式;
· whether it is morning or night 是宾语从句,作 telling 的宾语;
对比:Reading books benefits us. 读书使我们受益。(reading 动名词作主语,谓语单数)
· 补充短语:whether…or… 是…… 还是……
【即学即练】
1. ____________ it was cold, she wore a thin coat.(even though)尽管天气很冷,她只穿了一件薄外套。
2. ____________ (walk) for an hour every day is good for our health.每天步行一小时对我们健康有益。
3. ____________ (decide) whether to go or stay takes me a long time.决定去还是留花了我很久时间。
4. 尽管困难重重,他没有放弃。(翻译)
________________________________________________________________________
2. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.翻译:拉帕河的支流在我眼前铺展开来,流淌在下方的山谷之中。
【句式 现在分词 (-ing) 作状语】放在句首,用来描述主句主语伴随 / 主动发生的动作,读后续写风景描写高频句型(写景、烘托氛围绝佳)】
例句 1:Smiling brightly, she waved at me from across the street. 她笑容灿烂,在街对面朝我挥手。
例句 2:Looking down, I saw a little rabbit hiding among the bushes. 往下看去,我看见一只小兔子躲在灌木丛里。
【考点解析】
a. spread 用法spread /spred/v. 铺开,展开,蔓延;过去式、过去分词都是 spread(不变形)
短语:spread out 铺开、伸展、展开(本句用)
区分:
· spreading(现在分词 / 动名词,主动)
· spread(过去分词,表被动)️ 易混:spread 不是规则动词,不要写成 spreaded
例:The bird spread its wings. 鸟儿展开翅膀。
b. -ing 结构(现在分词)作状语
判断规则:分词的动作由主句主语发出,是主动关系,用 doing;本句:Spreading out 的逻辑主语就是后文 branches of the Rapa River(河流支流),支流主动 “铺展开”,所以用 Spreading
位置:常放句首,用逗号和主句隔开,表伴随、方式、状态;
对比:如果是被动,要用 done(过去分词)
例:Seen from the hill, the lake looks beautiful.(lake 是 “被看”,用 Seen)
c. 补充短语:flow through 流经;below adv. 在下方(后置定语,修饰 valley)
【即学即练】
1. ________ (spread) out in front of us, the lake shone in the sun.(-ing 作状语)湖泊在我们眼前铺开,在阳光下闪闪发光。
2. A thick fog ________ (spread) across the whole forest last night.(spread 过去式)昨夜浓雾弥漫整片森林。
3. ________ (walk) along the path, we enjoyed the quiet beauty of the valley.(-ing 作状语)沿着小路往前走,我们欣赏着山谷静谧的美景。
4. 野花在山坡上大片铺开,看起来格外迷人。
_____________________________________________________________________________
3.Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
【句式 the way (that/in which) 当然,当新技术改变我们的生活方式时,这可能是一个可怕的前景。】
the way 表示 “…… 的方式” 作先行词,后面定语从句的关系词有三种情况:
1. the way + that
2. the way + in which
3. the way + 省略关系词(本句就是这种:the way we live = the way (that/in which) we live)
从句we live,句子主谓完整,不缺主语、宾语;先行词 the way 表方式,关系词在从句中作方式状语,此时 that /in which 可以省略。
the way (that/in which) we live 我们生活的方式
I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak to your mother.我不喜欢你跟你妈妈说话的那种方式。
The way (that/in which) he solved the problem surprised everyone.他解决这个问题的方式让所有人吃惊。
【即学即练】
1. I admire the way ______ he talks with strangers.
2. The way ______ you explained the problem was easy to understand.
3. I can’t accept the way ______ he treated his parents.
4. The way ______ reminds me of my old teacher is special.
5. She was shocked at the way ______ her son looked at her.
6. 我欣赏她处理压力的方式。
_____________________________________________________________________
7. 他看待世界的方式与众不同。
_____________________________________________________________________
4.Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. 跟随着驯鹿的是萨米人,他们把这片领地当成自己的家园。
【句式 全部倒装 + who 引导非限制性定语从句 + make + 宾语 + 宾补,读后续写写景叙事高频句型,适合人物、族群介绍】
例句 1:Waiting beside the river was a little girl, who loved watching the wild birds. 在河边等候的是一个小女孩,她喜爱观赏野鸟。
例句 2:We met a traveller, who made the forest his shelter. 我们遇见一位旅人,他把森林当作自己的庇护所。
【考点解析】
a. 句首倒装Following the reindeer were the Sami people 是全部倒装。正常语序:The Sami people were following the reindeer.现在分词提到句首表强调,主谓倒装,高考阅读高频,写作可以酌情仿写。
b. who 引导非限制性定语从句先行词:the Sami people(人),关系词 who 在从句中作主语;
要点:非限制性定语从句前面有逗号隔开,不能用 that,用来补充额外信息,去掉后主句依然完整。对比:The man who lives here is a herder.(限制性定语从句,无逗号)The Sami people, who follow reindeer, live a traditional life.(非限制性定语从句,补充说明)
c. make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语结构:make + 宾语 + 名词(宾补),含义:把…… 当作 / 使…… 成为……本句:make this territory(宾语) their home(名词作宾补)
常见 make 宾补结构汇总:
make + n. + n. 使…… 成为……:We made him our leader. 我们选他当领袖。
make + n. + adj. 使…… 怎么样:The news made us happy. 这消息让我们很高兴。
make + n. + do sth 使…… 做某事:The story made me cry. 这个故事让我落泪。
【即学即练】
We came across an old herder, ______ (who/that) told us about the Sami tradition.(定语从句)我们偶遇一位老牧人,他给我们讲述萨米人的传统。
They made the small cottage ______ (they) home.(make + 宾 + 宾补)他们把这间小屋当成自己的家。
I met a guide, ______ showed me the path through the valley.(定语从句)我遇到一位向导,他带我穿过山谷的小路。
我们找到了一处安静的湖泊,把它当成了歇脚的地方。
___________________________________________________________________
5.Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.翻译:就在附近,有几只驯鹿正在吃草。
【句式 there be + 名词 + doing,现在分词作后置定语,写景高频句型,适合读后续写环境描写】
例句 1:Near the stream, there are some rabbits hiding in the bushes. 小溪旁,有几只兔子躲在灌木丛里。
例句 2:Close by, there was a little bird singing in the tree. 就在附近,有一只小鸟在树上歌唱。
【考点解析】
a. He lives close by. 他就住在附近。辨析:close to + 名词(后面必须接宾语);close by 后面不加宾语。
b. feed on动词短语,(动物)以…… 为食,吃……例:Cows feed on grass. 牛以草为食。
c. there be 句型中的非谓语 doing(现在分词作后置定语)结构:There be + 名词 + doing sth. 逻辑:名词和 do 是主动关系,用 doing,表示 “正在…… 的”;本句:reindeer 和 feed 是主动关系,驯鹿主动吃草 → feeding on grass 修饰 reindeer
对比:如果是被动关系,用 done: There are some trees planted by the villagers. 有一些村民种下的树。
如果表将来,则可用to do: There is a lot to explore in senior high school.
d. 补充:reindeer 单复数同形,a reindeer /a few reindeer
【即学即练】
1. ________(就在附近), there are some sheep feeding on grass.(close by)就在附近,有几只羊在吃草。
2. Pandas feed ________ bamboo.(feed on)熊猫以竹子为食。
3. There were some children ________ (play) beside the valley.(there be + doing)当时有一些孩子在山谷边玩耍。
4. 不远处,有几只鸟儿正在空中飞翔。
_______________________________________________________________________
6.Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. 因为驯鹿一直在迁徙,萨米人便会收起帐篷,跟随它们。
【句式 since 引导原因状语从句 + would do 表过去习惯性动作,读后续写记叙文、人文类阅读高频句,适合讲述古老习俗、往事】
例句 1:Since the river rose rapidly, they would pick up their belongings and move away. 因为河水涨得很快,他们常会收拾行李搬走。
例句 2:Since the animals were on the move, the herders would accompany them day and night. 因为兽群在迁徙,牧民们会日夜跟随它们。
【考点解析】
a. since 连词,因为,由于引导原因状语从句,理由多是显而易见的,语气弱于 because;
区分:since 还可译作 “自从”,引导时间状语从句,看语境判断。例:Since you are tired, you can take a break. 既然你累了,可以休息一会。
b. on the move 在迁徙;在行进;四处迁移(本句描述动物迁徙,高频固定短语)例:The wolves are on the move at night. 狼群夜间四处游走。
c. pick up多义短语,本句含义:收拾,收起(帐篷、随身物品)拓展常考义项:捡起;接某人;学会;好转例:They picked up their bags and set off. 他们收拾好背包出发了。
d. accompany vt. 陪伴,跟随;伴随
搭配:accompany sb 陪伴 / 跟随某人
注意:accompany 是及物动词,后面直接加宾语,不加 with;不要说 accompany with
例:She accompanied her grandma to the cottage. 她陪着奶奶去小屋。.
【即学即练】
1. ________ the storm was coming, they would pick up their tents quickly.(since 因为)因为暴风雨即将来临,他们会迅速收起帐篷。
2. The wild horses are ________ ________ ________.(on the move)野马正在迁徙。
3. They would ________ ________ their things before sunset.(pick up 收拾)他们总会在日落前收拾好东西。
4. He decided to ________ the travellers across the valley.(accompany)他决定陪伴旅行者穿过山谷。
5. 翻译:因为羊群一直在迁移,牧民们总会收拾帐篷跟着它们。
___________________________________________________________________________
一、词汇易混辨析
1.buffet / knock
核心区别:
buffet 侧重连续猛击、冲击(风雨 / 海浪等外力;也作名词自助餐);
knock 侧重敲打、磕碰(人用手敲击,无意碰撞)
· buffet /ˈbʊfeɪ/ n.&v.
v. 连续猛击;冲击(多指风、浪、暴雨等反复拍打、冲击物体,阅读 / 读后续写写景高频)语气:外力持续、粗暴地冲击,带有摇晃、压迫感
搭配:be buffeted by… 受到…… 的冲击;buffet against sth 拍打某物
例句:The small boat was buffeted by strong winds. 小船遭到狂风的猛烈冲击。
n. 自助餐例句:We had lunch at a buffet. 我们吃了自助午餐。
· knock /nɒk/n.&v. 敲;打;碰撞
语气:力度可轻可重,可指有意敲门敲打,也可指无意磕碰
搭配:knock at/on the door 敲门;knock down 撞倒;knock into sb 撞到某人;knock out 打晕
例句:He knocked on the door gently. 他轻轻敲了敲门。
The boy knocked into the tree and hurt his leg. 男孩撞到树上,伤到了腿。
辨析 buffet vs knock
buffet:主语常是风、雨、浪,持续猛烈冲击,无 “敲门” 含义;
knock:主语多是人 / 物体,可有意敲击,也可意外碰撞。
共同补充考点: 都可以用于读后续写环境、动作描写;buffet 多写景,knock 多写人的动作。
即学即练
1. The branches were ______ by the heavy rain. 树枝遭到大雨的拍打。
2. Please ______ at the door before entering. 进来前请敲门。
3. The old man was ______ down by a bike. 老人被一辆自行车撞倒了。
vast / huge / massive / enormous
核心区别:
vast 侧重地域、空间、范围辽阔无边;
huge 通用,尺寸 / 数量 / 程度大;
massive 侧重厚重、体量、规模宏大;
enormous 强调大到超出常规,程度极强,书面高分词
· vast /vɑːst/adj. 辽阔的;广袤的;巨大的
语气:多用于描述面积、空间、疆域,一眼望不到边,写景高频(原野、海洋、沙漠、山谷)
搭配:a vast valley 广袤的山谷;a vast ocean 浩瀚的海洋;vast areas 大片区域
例句:We saw a vast stretch of grassland ahead. 我们前方看见了一片辽阔的草原。
· huge /hjuːdʒ/adj. 巨大的,庞大的
语气:最通用,书面口语都可用;既可形容实物体积,也可形容抽象事物(压力、成功、数量)
搭配:a huge bear 大熊;a huge challenge 巨大的挑战;a huge crowd 一大群人
例句:It was a huge surprise for all of us. 这对我们所有人来说都是一个巨大的惊喜。
· massive /ˈmæsɪv/adj. 巨大厚重的;大规模的
语气:侧重沉甸甸、有重量感、结实厚重;也可指事件规模大
搭配:massive rocks 巨石;a massive flood 大洪水;a massive task 浩大的任务
例句:Massive blocks of ice floated on the river. 巨大厚重的冰块漂浮在河面上。
· enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/adj. 巨大的,庞大的
语气:强调尺寸、数量远超正常标准,带有惊叹感,高考写作高分替换词
搭配:enormous pressure 巨大压力;an enormous animal 巨型动物;enormous success 巨大成就
例句:He spent an enormous amount of time on this project. 他在这个项目上耗费了极多时间。
辨析总结
vast:范围辽阔(土地、海洋、空间,写景首选)
huge:万能通用,实体、抽象都能用
massive:厚重有分量,重物、大规模灾难 / 工程
enormous:超乎寻常的大,带有惊叹色彩
即学即练
1. Across the mountain lay a ______ plain.(辽阔无垠)山的那边是一片广袤的平原。
2. A ______ rock lay in the middle of the path.(厚重笨重)一块巨石横在路中间。
3. To our surprise, the bear was ______.(体型超乎想象)令我们吃惊的是,这只熊体型巨大。
4. It is a ______ honour for me to join the team.(通用,极大的)能加入这个团队对我来说是莫大的荣幸。
3.territory / frontier / borderland
核心区别:territory 侧重一国 / 族群拥有、管辖的领土、领地;
frontier 侧重尚未开发、边陲前沿地带;
borderland 指两国之间交界的边境区域(交界缓冲地带)
· territory /ˈterətri/n. 领土;领地;地盘
语气:侧重归属权,属于某个国家、部族、动物的管控范围,本单元萨米人课文高频词
搭配:national territory 国土;animal territory 动物领地;make…one’s territory 把…… 当作自己的领地
例句:The Sami made this valley their territory. 萨米人把这片山谷当成他们的领地。
· frontier /ˈfrʌntɪə(r)/n. 边陲,边疆;前沿
语气:侧重文明、定居地的边缘尽头、未充分开发的前沿,带有开拓感;也可指学科前沿
搭配:the frontier of the forest 森林的边缘地带;the frontiers of science 科学前沿
例句:They lived on the frontier, far away from towns. 他们居住在远离城镇的边陲地带。
· borderland /ˈbɔːdəlænd/n. 边境地带,交界地区
语气:国界之间的过渡交界区域,介于两国边界之间,多指狭长的交界地带
搭配:the borderland between two countries 两国交界地带
例句:Many wild animals move freely in the borderland. 许多野生动物在这片边境交界地带自由迁徙。
辨析总结
territory:强调归属、主权、地盘(谁拥有这块地)
frontier:定居文明的尽头、未开发前沿(开拓、荒野感)
borderland:两国边界中间的交界区域,边界夹缝地带
即学即练
The wolf defended its ______ from other animals. 这只狼守护自己的领地,不让其他动物入侵。
They explored the remote ______ where few people had been. 他们探索这片人迹罕至的边陲。
This ______ is hard to govern because it lies between two nations. 这片交界地带因为地处两国之间,难以管控。
4.adopt / adapt
核心区别:adopt 是采纳、收养;
adapt 是适应、改编,高考超级高频形近词
· adopt /əˈdɒpt/ vt.
词义:采纳,采用;收养,领养语气:正式书面词
搭配:adopt a method/plan/policy 采用方法 / 计划 / 政策;adopt a child 收养孩子
例句:We decided to adopt this new way of learning. 我们决定采用这种新的学习方式。
The couple adopted a homeless boy. 这对夫妇领养了一个无家可归的男孩。
· adapt /əˈdæpt/ v.
词义:(使)适应;改编语气:书面常用
搭配:adapt to sth 适应某物;adapt oneself to 使自己适应;adapt sth from 根据…… 改编
例句:It took her a while to adapt to the new life here. 她花了一段时间适应这里的新生活。
The story was adapted from a true event. 这个故事改编自真实事件。
辨析总结
· adopt:a (d) opt → 选过来(采纳、收养)
· adapt:a (d) apt → 调整、适合(适应、改编)变形拓展:adoption n. 收养;采纳adaptation n. 适应;改编本
即学即练
They ______ a new rule to protect the wild animals. 他们采用了一条新规来保护野生动物。
It is hard for some animals to ______ to the changing weather. 一些动物很难适应变化的气候。
The film is ______ from a famous novel. 这部电影由一本名著改编而来。
The family wanted to ______ a little girl. 这家人想要领养一个小女孩。
二、短语搭配易错
1. wake up to the sound of the wind
wake /weɪk/v. 醒来;唤醒 (变形wake 过去式 woke;过去分词 woken)
wake up to the sound of the wind 在风声中醒来
核心释义:
a. 听到风声而醒来(写景描写,读后续写环境、感官描写高频,烘托荒野、宁静氛围)
b. 拓展结构:wake up to + 感官名词,“伴着…… 的声音 / 景象醒来”,侧重醒来时映入耳中、眼中的景象声音
wake up 短语:醒来;叫醒wake sb up 叫醒某人
例句:I woke up to the sound of the wind outside the cottage. 我伴着小屋外的风声醒来。
She woke up to the sound of birdsong. 她伴着鸟鸣声醒来。
区别:wake up to the sound of… 【醒来时听见……】(侧重醒来那一刻听到声音,感官画面感强,写景高分)
wake up at the sound of… 【一听到…… 就惊醒】(带有惊吓、突然的意味)
高考例句
He woke up to the sound of the wind blowing through the valley. 他伴着穿过山谷的风声醒来。
Tired from the long walk, she woke up to the sound of the wind in the trees. 长途跋涉之后,她在林间风声中醒来。
写作万能句式(可直接背)We woke up to the sound of the wind, enjoying the quiet beauty of the wild land.我们伴着风声醒来,欣赏这片荒野静谧的美景。
即学即练
I woke up ______ the sound of the wind.(to)我伴着风声醒来。
The traveller woke up ______ the sound of flowing water.(to)旅行者伴着流水声醒来。
2. keep sb company / accompany sb
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/v. 陪伴;陪同keep sb company = accompany sb 陪伴某人
核心释义
a. keep sb company 短语,口语、书面都常用,侧重 “陪着某人,解闷、做伴”
b. accompany sb 动词短语,偏正式书面,高考阅读、读后续写高频;可表示陪同去往某地,也可表伴随
变形company n. 陪伴;伙伴(不可数)
accompany vt. 陪伴;伴随
accompaniment n. 伴随物;伴奏
例句:I kept him company during the long night. = I accompanied him during the long night.漫漫长夜里,我陪着他。
She accompanied me to the valley. 她陪我去往山谷。
区别:keep sb company:只侧重留守陪伴、作伴(打发孤单),一般不接地点;不能说 keep sb company to sp
accompany sb:可单纯陪伴,也可陪同某人前往某个地方,
搭配 accompany sb to + 地点
重要易错点:accompany 本身已经包含 “陪伴” 含义,不能加 with
️ 固定搭配:keep sb company 中间 sb 不能省;company 前面不加 a
高考例句
Since the old herder felt lonely, the dog kept him company. = Since the old herder felt lonely, the dog accompanied him.老牧民感到孤单,小狗陪着他。
He accompanied the travellers to the remote borderland.他陪同旅行者去往偏远的边境地带。
写作万能句式(可直接背)When I stayed in the quiet valley, the gentle wind kept me company.= When I stayed in the quiet valley, the gentle wind accompanied me.当我待在幽静的山谷里,微风与我相伴。
即学即练
The little reindeer kept the boy ______ (company). 这只小驯鹿陪着男孩。
She will accompany her grandma ______ the cottage. (to) 她会陪奶奶去小屋。
改错:He accompanied with me. ________________________
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