Unit 3 Make it happen! 单元核心知识点精讲精练2(Grammar)-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（新教材外研版）

Unit 3 Make it happen! 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar)-(动词不定式和动名词作宾语) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Grammar 精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · 本资料设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握英语语法知识。 1、 单元重点语法解析 1. 动词不定式与动名词的含义 (1) 动词不定式 · 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由“to+动词原型”构成，有时to被省略。 · 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等多种成分。 如：He wants to have some bread. 句中to have就是动词不定式形式，作want后的宾语。 · 动词不定式的否定式为“not +不定式”。 如：She chose not to tell him the news.她选择不告诉他这个消息。 (2) 动名词 · 动名词也是动词的一种非谓语形式，它是将动词变成-ing形式构成的。 · 它在形式上和现在分词一样，但性质相当于名词，没有人称、数的变化，不能在句中作谓语。 可以在句子里充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。 例句： I like reading books. 句中reading就是动名词，作like的宾语。 2. 动词不定式与动名词作宾语 句中有行为动词，在其后需跟一个动词作宾语时，通常会把后一个动词变为不定式或动名词的形式。 (1) 动词不定式作宾语 · 只能接不定式作宾语的动词 常见的有：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, learn, agree, refuse, promise, expect, choose等 如：She hopes to visit the Great Wall next year.她希望明年去参观长城。 They decided to go to the park this weekend.他们决定这个周末去公园。 · 此外，一些短语后，也跟不定式作宾语，如：would like to do( 想要做某事),can’t wait to do（迫不及待做某事）等。 如：Would you like to drink some tea? 你想喝点茶吗？ · 动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接形容词补足语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。动词find，feel，make，think等常这样使用。 如：He found it hard to fall asleep. 他发现很难入睡。 (2) 动名词作宾语 · 只能接动名词作宾语的动词 常见动词：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, keep, suggest, avoid, imagine, miss, consider, admit, risk等 如：Have you finished reading the book? 你读完这本书了吗？ Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ · 此外，一些短语后也跟动名词作宾语，如：give up（放弃），put off（推迟），can’t help（忍不住）等。 如：He can’t help crying when he sees the picture. 当他看到照片时，他忍不住流泪。 · 介词后跟动名词作宾语。含介词的短语如feel like（想要），look forward to (盼望)， pay attention to（注意）， be used to（习惯于，适用于）等后跟动名词作宾语。。 如：I don’t fee like walking tonight. 我今晚不想散步。 (3) 既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的情况 · 以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大，如like, love, hate, begin, start, continue等 如：They began to study hard. = They began studying hard.他们开始努力学习。 · 以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别很大，如： try to do努力做某事；try doing尝试做某事 forget/remember to do 忘记/记得去做某事(未做)；forget/remember doing忘记/记得做过某事(已做) stop to do停下来去做另一件事；stop doing停止做某事（正在做的事） mean to do打算做某事；mean doing 意味着做某事 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事；can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．I plan ________ Days of Our Past tonight. A．to watch B．watch C．watching D．watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我计划今晚看《逝去的时光》。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故选A。 2．She promised ________ her old friend during her stay in Guangzhou. A．see B．seeing C．saw D．to see 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她答应在广州逗留期间去看望她的老朋友。 考查非谓语动词。see看望，动词原形；seeing动名词或现在分词形式；saw过去式；to see动词不定式。promise to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“答应做某事”，因此这里应用动词不定式形式。故选D。 3．We suggested ________ a picnic this weekend. A．to have B．had C．has D．having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们建议这周末去野餐。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，因此空格处应填动名词having。故选D。 4．—Would you mind ________ me how to use this digital wallet app? —Of course not. Let me show you step by step. A．show B．showing C．to show D．showed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你介意教我如何使用这个数字钱包应用吗？——当然不介意。让我一步步教你。 考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.表示“介意做某事”，因此用动名词showing作宾语。故选B。 5．Many students find it hard ________ decisions on their own without parents’ help. A．making B．make C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生发现没有父母的帮助自己很难做决定。 考查动词不定式的用法。making动名词形式；make动词原形；to make动词不定式；made过去式或过去分词。“find it+形容词+to do something”表示“发现做某事很……”，固定句型。故选C。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Andy was tired, so he decided (stay) at home. 【答案】to stay 【详解】句意：安迪很累，所以他决定待在家里。stay“待，停留”，是一个动词。该句谓语动词为“decided”，常用于decide to do sth.“决定去做某事”。故填to stay。 2．Lisa and Betty like playing ping-pong, so they choose (join) the ping-pong club. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意：莉萨和贝蒂喜欢打乒乓球，所以她们选择加入乒乓球俱乐部。“choose to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，此处需用动词不定式形式，故填to join。 3．We should try (reduce) the use of electricity by turning off the lights. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】句意：我们应该尽量通过关灯来减少用电。try to do sth“尽量做某事”，固定用法，动词要用不定式，reduce不定式为to reduce。故填to reduce。 4．Don’t forget (turn) off the lights before you leave the classroom. 【答案】to turn 【详解】句意：离开教室前不要忘记关灯。根据“forget”可知，这里考查forget to do sth.的用法，表示“忘记去做某事（事情未做）”；根据“... before you leave the classroom”可知，这里是在提醒离开教室前记得关灯，“关灯”这件事还没做。故填to turn。 5．I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首音乐的情景。“forget doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忘记做过某事（已做过）”，“hear”的动名词形式是“hearing”，故填hearing。 6．Please remember (invite) all your classmates to the meeting tomorrow. 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：请记得邀请你所有的同学参加明天的会议。invite“邀请”，为动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还未做)，所以填invite的不定式to invite。故填to invite。 7．Stop (worry) about the boy. He will be better soon. 【答案】worrying 【详解】句意：别担心那个男孩了。他很快就会好起来的。worry“担心”，动词；结合句意可知，这里表示“停止担心那个男孩”，stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。故填worrying。 8．The amazing scenery in Wuxi always makes it hard for any visitors (describe). 【答案】to describe 【详解】句意：无锡令人惊叹的景色总是让游客难以描述。分析句子结构和所给单词可知，应填describe“描述”的动词不定时形式to describe，作宾语。句意“make it+adj.+for sb to do sth”意为“使做某事对某人来说是……的”，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。故填to describe。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去山里，但是我妹妹想待在家里。 考查动词不定式的用法。第一个空，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，需用动词不定式to go作宾语；第二个空，want to do sth“想要做某事”，需用动词不定式to stay作宾语。故选D。 (2) —Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天下午你愿意和我一起去游泳吗？——抱歉，天气太热了。我想在家看电视上的卡通片。 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth表示“愿意做某事”，空一处用不定式；feel like doing sth“想要做某事”，空二处用动名词。故选D。 (3) I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A．to lock; locking B．locking; to lock C．to lock; to lock D．locking; locking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我离开家的时候我经常忘记锁门，但昨天我记得锁门了。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（动作未发生）；forget doing sth忘记做过某事（动作已发生）；remember to do sth记得要做某事（动作未发生）；remember doing sth记得做过某事（动作已发生）。根据“often forget... the door when I leave home”可知，“出门时锁门”是本该做但常忘记做的事 （动作未发生），第一空用“to lock”；根据“but yesterday I remembered...it.”可知，“昨天锁门”是已经完成的动作，第二空用“locking”。故选A。 (4) Parents must stop their children from ________ dangerous things. A．do B．to do C．does D．doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：父母必须阻止他们的孩子做危险的事情。 固定搭配stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，介词from后接动名词形式。 (5) —Jack’s birthday is coming. What present will you give him? —He enjoys ________ very much, so I want ________ some books for him. A．to read; to buy B．reading; buy C．to read; buy D．reading; to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克的生日快到了。你会给他什么礼物？——他非常喜欢阅读，所以我想给他买些书。 固定搭配enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，空一处用动名词reading，作宾语；固定搭配want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，第二空用不定式to buy，作宾语。 (6) —Where are you going, Lucy? —The bookshop. I need________ some notebooks. A．buying B．to buy C．buy D．buys 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——露西，你要去哪里？——书店。我需要去买一些笔记本。 根据固定用法need to do sth.可知，need后面要接动词不定式作宾语，表示“需要去做某事”，故此处用to buy。 (7) —Why do you plan ________ to the park this afternoon? —Because I feel like ________ kites with my friends there. A．to go; to fly B．going; flying C．going; to fly D．to go; flying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么计划今天下午去公园？——因为我想和我的朋友在那里放风筝。 第一空，根据“plan”可知，此处考查plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，应用动词不定式to go；第二空，根据“feel like”可知，此处考查feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，应用动名词flying。应填to go；flying。 (8) I would like ________ friends with you. You are very friendly. A．to make B．making C．makes D．make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想要和你交朋友。你非常友好。 would like to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，此处应填不定式to make。 (9) Our physics teacher told us to keep ________ the experiment (实验) carefully until it was finished. A．watch B．watched C．watching D．to watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的物理老师告诉我们要一直仔细观察实验直到结束。 固定搭配keep doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”，keep后接动名词形式。故选C。 (10) She doesn’t feel like ________ a bike to school today. A．ride B．to ride C．riding D．rode 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她今天不想骑自行车去学校。 ride骑（动词原形）；to ride骑（动词不定式）；riding骑（动名词）；rode骑（动词过去式）。feel like doing sth.意为“想要做某事”，like是介词，后接动名词形式riding。 (11) My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我姐姐希望有一天成为一名著名的歌手。 考查动词不定式。动词hope后需接不定式（to do）表示“希望做某事”。故选D。 (12) I wish ________ to the movies with Daniel this weekend. A．coming B．going C．to come D．to go 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个周末我想和丹尼尔一起去看电影。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。go to the movies“去看电影”，wish to do sth.“希望做某事”。故选D。 (13) Our English teacher usually allows us ________ dictionaries in class, but she doesn’t allow ________ snacks. A．to use; to eat B．using; eating C．to use; eating D．using; to eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师通常允许我们在课上使用词典，但她不允许吃零食。 allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，allow doing sth意为“允许做某事”。第一空前有宾语us，应用不定式to use；第二空前无宾语，应用动名词eating。 (14) The students are looking forward to ________ the sports meeting, and they are busy ________ for it. A．have; prepare B．having; prepare C．have; preparing D．having; preparing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学生们期待着举行运动会，并且他们正忙着为此做准备。 look forward to doing sth.意为“期待做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词；be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，后接动名词。根据固定搭配用法，第一空应填having，第二空应填preparing。 (15) Margaret is still trying ______ the Physics problem by herself in the classroom. A．to work out B．working out C．to working out D．worked out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Margaret仍然正在教室独自尽力解答物理难题。 考查不定式结构。try to do侧重努力，为了达到目的而努力；try doing只是一种新的尝试，不带明显的目的性。根据“the Physics problem by herself”可知，应是尽力解答出难题。故选A。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) Mary remembered (turn) off the light when she left home. But it was on when she came back. 【答案】turning 【详解】句意：玛丽离开家时记得关灯，但回来时灯还亮着。根据 “Mary remembered...off the light when she left home. But it was on when she came back.” 可知，玛丽记得离开家时关了灯，但回来时灯是开着的。“记得做过某事”用remember doing sth.。故填turning。 (2) We have worked for such a long time. Let’s stop (have) a rest. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：我们已经工作了如此长的一段时间。让我们停下来休息一下吧。根据“We have worked for such a long time…”可知此处表示停下当前的事去休息，“stop to do sth.”表示“停下来去做”，因此应用“to have”。故填to have。 (3) The kind boy offered ________ (help) the old man carry his heavy bag. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：这个善良的男孩主动提出帮这位老人提沉重的包。括号内提示词help为动词，offer to do sth.表示“主动提出做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式作宾语，符合语法要求，故填to help。 (4) All of us look forward to ________ (visit) the new city museum this weekend. 【答案】visiting 【详解】句意：我们所有人都期待这周末去参观新的市博物馆。此处使用搭配look forward to doing sth.，意为“期待做某事”，故填入visit对应的动名词形式visiting。 (5) They couldn’t help ________ (laugh) when they listened to the joke. 【答案】laughing 【详解】句意：他们听这个笑话的时候忍不住笑了出来。固定搭配can’t help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事”，这里的动词需要使用动名词形式，laugh的动名词形式为laughing。 (6) At such an age, many runners would choose ________ (stop) running. 【答案】to stop 【详解】句意：在这样的年纪，许多跑步者会选择停止跑步。固定搭配choose to do sth表示“选择去做某事”，动词choose后接动词时，需要使用动词不定式结构作宾语，应填to stop。 (7) Sandy hopes ________ (design) beautiful clothes in the future. 【答案】to design 【详解】句意：Sandy希望将来能设计漂亮的衣服。句中“hope”为希望的意思，hope to do sth.为固定用法，hope后接动词不定式作宾语，故填to design。 (8) You should leave a bit earlier to avoid ________ (hit) the rush hour. 【答案】hitting 【详解】句意：你应该早点出发，避开交通高峰期。括号内hit是动词，意为“遭遇”。固定搭配avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，所以hit要变为动名词形式hitting。 (9) Kitty finds it difficult ________ (talk) to her parents when they simply stick to their own opinions. 【答案】to talk 【详解】句意：基蒂发现当她的父母一味坚持自己的看法时，和他们交谈很困难。talk“交谈”，动词；固定句型find+it+adj.+to do sth意为“发现做某事很……”，it是形式宾语；真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to talk。 (10) Our teacher asks us to pay attention to ________ (spell) when we write English words. 【答案】spelling 【详解】句意：我们老师要求我们在写英文单词时注意拼写。空前有短语“pay attention to”，其中介词“to”后接动词时应用动名词；spell为动词，意为“拼写”，其对应的动名词形式为spelling。 (11) Teng Fei says that he studies maths by ________ (use) learning apps or websites. 【答案】using 【详解】句意：腾飞说他通过使用学习软件或者网站来学习数学。介词by后面接动名词，表示“通过某种方式”，use的动名词形式是using，因此填using。 (12) Please start ________ (spell) the new words. 【答案】spelling/to spell 【详解】句意：请开始拼写这些新单词。句中动词“start”后面可接动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，构成“start to do sth.”或“start doing sth.”，表示“开始做某事”，因此此处填to spell或spelling，两者均可。 (13) My sister practices ________ the piano every day. (play) 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：我妹妹每天练习弹钢琴。practice doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“练习做某事”，因此动词play需要变为动名词形式playing。 (14) I plan ________ (travel) around the country next year. 【答案】to travel 【详解】句意：我计划明年环游全国。句中“plan”为动词，意为“计划”，后接动词时常用结构“plan to do sth.”，表示“计划做某事”。因此，空格处应将动词travel转换为不定式形式。travel的不定式形式为to travel，意为“旅行”，符合句意，故填to travel。 (15) After thinking for a moment, Lucy agreed ________ (join) our group project. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意：露西思考片刻后同意加入我们小组项目。固定搭配agree to do sth.表示“同意做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式。 (16) China will keep ________ (explore) the space to learn more about our earth and the whole universe. 【答案】exploring 【详解】句意：中国将继续探索太空，以更多地了解我们的地球和整个宇宙。explore“探索”，动词，keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，应用动名词形式，故填exploring。 (17) Christmas is coming. Children can’t wait ________ (decorate) their room. 【答案】to decorate 【详解】句意：圣诞节快要到了。孩子们迫不及待地想要装饰他们的房间。固定短语：can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，to后面用动词原形，即to decorate。 (18) Anna advised ____________ (plant) more trees on the hill next year. 【答案】planting 【详解】句意：安娜建议明年在山上种更多的树。advise doing sth“建议做某事”，是固定搭配。故填planting。 (19) I’ll never forget ________ (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首音乐的情景。“forget doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忘记做过某事（已做过）”，“hear”的动名词形式是“hearing”，故填hearing。 (20) Linda is a careful girl. She hates ________ (make) mistakes. 【答案】to make/making 【详解】句意：琳达是一个细心的女孩。她讨厌犯错误。hate to do sth=hate doing sth“讨厌做某事”，是固定短语，此处应用不定式或动名词形式，故填to make/making。 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法填空 Students can’t bring mobile phones to school, but Gary often broke this rule. Gary’s parents were really worried about him and talked to him often. They asked him 1 (work) harder and he promised 2 (spend) more time on his schoolwork. Even so, Gary often got into trouble. One day, his Chinese teacher saw him 3 (play) games on his phone in class again and told him that if he broke the rule one more time, he would be punished (被惩罚). Gary went home and lay on the bed with his eyes open. He was lost in thought. His parents sent him to a nice school and he didn’t want to keep disappointing (使失望) them. He decided 4 (talk) to his best friend Susan about his problems because he knew it was time 5 (make) some changes in his life. Susan agreed 6 (come) over to his home the next day after school. After hearing about his problems, she advised Gary 7 (listen) to the teacher carefully in class and make a weekly study plan. What was more, she would like 8 (help) him with his homework so he could improve his grades. Gary thanked Susan for 9 (give) him such great advice. He said he didn’t want to keep making trouble in the future and he hoped 10 (become) an excellent student. 【答案】 1．to work 2．to spend 3．playing 4．to talk 5．to make 6．to come 7．to listen 8．to help 9．giving 10．to become 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了加里在好友的建议下改变自己的事迹。 1．句意：他们要求他更加努力学习，他答应在功课上花更多的时间。根据“asked him”可知，考查ask sb to do“要求某人做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故填to work。 2．句意：他们要求他更加努力学习，他答应在功课上花更多的时间。spend“花费”，根据“he promised”可知，考查promise to do“答应做某事”，因此填不定式作宾语。故填to spend。 3．句意：有一天，他的语文老师看到他又在课堂上玩手机游戏，并告诉他，如果他再违反规则，他将受到惩罚。play“玩”，根据“saw him”可知，考查see sb doing“看见某人正在做某事”，故填playing。 4．句意：他决定和他最好的朋友苏珊谈谈他的问题，因为他知道是时候改变他的生活了。talk“谈话”，设空处前是“decided”，decide to do“决定做某事”。故填to talk。 5．句意：他决定和他最好的朋友苏珊谈谈他的问题，因为他知道是时候改变他的生活了。make“做”，根据“it was time”可知，考查固定句型it is time to do sth“是时候做某事”。故填to make。 6．句意：苏珊同意第二天放学后到他家去。come over“顺便来访”，根据“agreed”可知，考查agree to do sth“同意做某事”，故填to come。 7．句意：听到加里的问题后，她建议他在课堂上认真听老师讲课，并制定每周的学习计划。listen“听”，根据“she advised Gary”可知，考查短语advise sb to do“建议某人做某事”。故填to listen。 8．句意：更重要的是，她愿意帮助他做作业，这样他就可以提高他的成绩。help“帮助”，根据“she would like”可知，would like to do“愿意做某事”，故填to help。 9．句意：加里感谢苏珊给了他这么好的建议。give“给”，根据“thanked Susan for”可知，考查thank sb for doing sth“感谢某人做某事”。故填giving。 10．句意：他说他以后不想再惹麻烦了，他希望成为一名优秀的学生。become“成为”，根据设空处前的“hoped”可知，考查hope to do“希望做某事”。故填to become。 2. 翻译句子 (1) 不要忘记保持乐观并关心朋友的感受。 【答案】Don’t forget to stay cheerful and care about your friends’ feelings. (2) 我最好的朋友建议要充分利用好每一滴水。 【答案】My best friend suggests making full use of every drop of water. (3) 我迫不及待想和朋友们分享这个好消息。 【答案】I can’t wait to share this good news with my friends. (4) 我每天都努力在晚饭前完成作业。 【答案】I try to finish my homework before dinner every day (5) 我们决定成立学习小组，相互帮助。 【答案】We decided to set up a study group to help each other/and help each other. (6) 他想要某一天成为一名科学家。 【答案】He wants to be a scientist one day. (7) 我选择待在家里，而不是出去。 【答案】I choose to stay at home instead of going out (8) 去年她打算买一个带有游泳池的房子。 【答案】Last year, she planned to buy a house with a swimming pool/She planned to buy a house with a swimming pool last year. (9) 她喜欢闲暇时待在户外，享受片刻的安宁和平静! 【答案】She likes staying outdoors in her free time and enjoying a moment of peace and quiet! (10) 她每天练习说英语，以便能够和外国人自由交流。 【答案】She practised speaking English every day so that she could talk with foreigners freely. (11) 考试中我们应该避免犯粗心的错误。 【答案】We should avoid making careless mistakes in exams. (12) 你介意把你最喜欢的书借给我看一个星期吗？ 【答案】Would you mind lending your favourite book to me for a week? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Make it happen! 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar)-(动词不定式和动名词作宾语) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Grammar 精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · 本资料设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握英语语法知识。 1、 单元重点语法解析 1. 动词不定式与动名词的含义 (1) 动词不定式 · 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由“to+动词原型”构成，有时to被省略。 · 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等多种成分。 如：He wants to have some bread. 句中to have就是动词不定式形式，作want后的宾语。 · 动词不定式的否定式为“not +不定式”。 如：She chose not to tell him the news.她选择不告诉他这个消息。 (2) 动名词 · 动名词也是动词的一种非谓语形式，它是将动词变成-ing形式构成的。 · 它在形式上和现在分词一样，但性质相当于名词，没有人称、数的变化，不能在句中作谓语。 可以在句子里充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。 例句： I like reading books. 句中reading就是动名词，作like的宾语。 2. 动词不定式与动名词作宾语 句中有行为动词，在其后需跟一个动词作宾语时，通常会把后一个动词变为不定式或动名词的形式。 (1) 动词不定式作宾语 · 只能接不定式作宾语的动词 常见的有：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, learn, agree, refuse, promise, expect, choose等 如：She hopes to visit the Great Wall next year.她希望明年去参观长城。 They decided to go to the park this weekend.他们决定这个周末去公园。 · 此外，一些短语后，也跟不定式作宾语，如：would like to do( 想要做某事),can’t wait to do（迫不及待做某事）等。 如：Would you like to drink some tea? 你想喝点茶吗？ · 动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接形容词补足语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。动词find，feel，make，think等常这样使用。 如：He found it hard to fall asleep. 他发现很难入睡。 (2) 动名词作宾语 · 只能接动名词作宾语的动词 常见动词：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, keep, suggest, avoid, imagine, miss, consider, admit, risk等 如：Have you finished reading the book? 你读完这本书了吗？ Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ · 此外，一些短语后也跟动名词作宾语，如：give up（放弃），put off（推迟），can’t help（忍不住）等。 如：He can’t help crying when he sees the picture. 当他看到照片时，他忍不住流泪。 · 介词后跟动名词作宾语。含介词的短语如feel like（想要），look forward to (盼望)， pay attention to（注意）， be used to（习惯于，适用于）等后跟动名词作宾语。。 如：I don’t fee like walking tonight. 我今晚不想散步。 (3) 既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语的情况 · 以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大，如like, love, hate, begin, start, continue等 如：They began to study hard. = They began studying hard.他们开始努力学习。 · 以下动词接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别很大，如： try to do努力做某事；try doing尝试做某事 forget/remember to do 忘记/记得去做某事(未做)；forget/remember doing忘记/记得做过某事(已做) stop to do停下来去做另一件事；stop doing停止做某事（正在做的事） mean to do打算做某事；mean doing 意味着做某事 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事；can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 [随学随练] 单项填空 1．I plan ________ Days of Our Past tonight. A．to watch B．watch C．watching D．watched 2．She promised ________ her old friend during her stay in Guangzhou. A．see B．seeing C．saw D．to see 3．We suggested ________ a picnic this weekend. A．to have B．had C．has D．having 4．—Would you mind ________ me how to use this digital wallet app? —Of course not. Let me show you step by step. A．show B．showing C．to show D．showed 5．Many students find it hard ________ decisions on their own without parents’ help. A．making B．make C．to make D．made 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Andy was tired, so he decided (stay) at home. 2．Lisa and Betty like playing ping-pong, so they choose (join) the ping-pong club. 3．We should try (reduce) the use of electricity by turning off the lights. 4．Don’t forget (turn) off the lights before you leave the classroom. 5．I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 6．Please remember (invite) all your classmates to the meeting tomorrow. 7．Stop (worry) about the boy. He will be better soon. 8．The amazing scenery in Wuxi always makes it hard for any visitors (describe). 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) I decide ________ to the mountains, but my sister wants ________ at home. A．going; staying B．to go; staying C．going; to stay D．to go; to stay (2) —Would you like ________ swimming with me this afternoon? —Sorry, it’s too hot. I feel like ________ a cartoon on TV at home. A．going; watching B．to go; watch C．going; to watch D．to go; watching (3) I often forget ______ the door when I leave home, but yesterday I remembered ______ it. A．to lock; locking B．locking; to lock C．to lock; to lock D．locking; locking (4) Parents must stop their children from ________ dangerous things. A．do B．to do C．does D．doing (5) —Jack’s birthday is coming. What present will you give him? —He enjoys ________ very much, so I want ________ some books for him. A．to read; to buy B．reading; buy C．to read; buy D．reading; to buy (6) —Where are you going, Lucy? —The bookshop. I need________ some notebooks. A．buying B．to buy C．buy D．buys (7) —Why do you plan ________ to the park this afternoon? —Because I feel like ________ kites with my friends there. A．to go; to fly B．going; flying C．going; to fly D．to go; flying (8) I would like ________ friends with you. You are very friendly. A．to make B．making C．makes D．make (9) Our physics teacher told us to keep ________ the experiment (实验) carefully until it was finished. A．watch B．watched C．watching D．to watch (10) She doesn’t feel like ________ a bike to school today. A．ride B．to ride C．riding D．rode (11) My sister hopes __________ a famous singer one day. A．become B．becomes C．becoming D．to become (12) I wish ________ to the movies with Daniel this weekend. A．coming B．going C．to come D．to go (13) Our English teacher usually allows us ________ dictionaries in class, but she doesn’t allow ________ snacks. A．to use; to eat B．using; eating C．to use; eating D．using; to eat (14) The students are looking forward to ________ the sports meeting, and they are busy ________ for it. A．have; prepare B．having; prepare C．have; preparing D．having; preparing (15) Margaret is still trying ______ the Physics problem by herself in the classroom. A．to work out B．working out C．to working out D．worked out 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) Mary remembered (turn) off the light when she left home. But it was on when she came back. (2) We have worked for such a long time. Let’s stop (have) a rest. (3) The kind boy offered ________ (help) the old man carry his heavy bag. (4) All of us look forward to ________ (visit) the new city museum this weekend. (5) They couldn’t help ________ (laugh) when they listened to the joke. (6) At such an age, many runners would choose ________ (stop) running. (7) Sandy hopes ________ (design) beautiful clothes in the future. (8) You should leave a bit earlier to avoid ________ (hit) the rush hour. (9) Kitty finds it difficult ________ (talk) to her parents when they simply stick to their own opinions. (10) Our teacher asks us to pay attention to ________ (spell) when we write English words. (11) Teng Fei says that he studies maths by ________ (use) learning apps or websites. (12) Please start ________ (spell) the new words. (13) My sister practices ________ the piano every day. (play) (14) I plan ________ (travel) around the country next year. (15) After thinking for a moment, Lucy agreed ________ (join) our group project. (16) China will keep ________ (explore) the space to learn more about our earth and the whole universe. (17) Christmas is coming. Children can’t wait ________ (decorate) their room. (18) Anna advised ____________ (plant) more trees on the hill next year. (19) I’ll never forget ________ (hear) this piece of music for the first time. (20) Linda is a careful girl. She hates ________ (make) mistakes. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 语法填空 Students can’t bring mobile phones to school, but Gary often broke this rule. Gary’s parents were really worried about him and talked to him often. They asked him 1 (work) harder and he promised 2 (spend) more time on his schoolwork. Even so, Gary often got into trouble. One day, his Chinese teacher saw him 3 (play) games on his phone in class again and told him that if he broke the rule one more time, he would be punished (被惩罚). Gary went home and lay on the bed with his eyes open. He was lost in thought. His parents sent him to a nice school and he didn’t want to keep disappointing (使失望) them. He decided 4 (talk) to his best friend Susan about his problems because he knew it was time 5 (make) some changes in his life. Susan agreed 6 (come) over to his home the next day after school. After hearing about his problems, she advised Gary 7 (listen) to the teacher carefully in class and make a weekly study plan. What was more, she would like 8 (help) him with his homework so he could improve his grades. Gary thanked Susan for 9 (give) him such great advice. He said he didn’t want to keep making trouble in the future and he hoped 10 (become) an excellent student. 2. 翻译句子 (1) 不要忘记保持乐观并关心朋友的感受。 (2) 我最好的朋友建议要充分利用好每一滴水。 (3) 我迫不及待想和朋友们分享这个好消息。 (4) 我每天都努力在晚饭前完成作业。 (5) 我们决定成立学习小组，相互帮助。 (6) 他想要某一天成为一名科学家。 (7) 我选择待在家里，而不是出去。 (8) 去年她打算买一个带有游泳池的房子。 (9) 她喜欢闲暇时待在户外，享受片刻的安宁和平静! (10) 她每天练习说英语，以便能够和外国人自由交流。 (11) 考试中我们应该避免犯粗心的错误。 (12) 你介意把你最喜欢的书借给我看一个星期吗？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $