Unit 2 Amazing numbers 数字的发展与应用 单元话题拓展阅读-【宝典训练】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语高效课堂（沪教版·新教材）

英语·单元话题拓展阅读 Unit 2 Amazing numbers数字的发展与应用 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 文章介绍了科学家们在土星周围新发现了 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 301 128颗卫星，使得土星的卫星总数达到274 时文阅读 颗，成为拥有最多卫星的行星。 文章围绕遗传学对人们选择朋友的影响展开， Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 233 解释了为什么有些友谊会像家人般亲密。 文章主要介绍了中国最伟大的数学家之 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 222 祖冲之和他的成就。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 302 文章主要介绍了神奇的斐波那契数列。 文章介绍了罗马数字及阿拉伯数字的特点和 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 231 发展。 模拟演练 本文主要讲述了不同国家中数字的象征意义， Passage D 阅读理解 说明文 262 特别是一些数字在某些国家被视为幸运数字， 而在另一些国家则被视为不吉利的数字。 本文介绍了我们国家的手机号码为什么是11 Passage E 阅读还原 说明文 206 位以及一些国家的手机号码的位数。 时文阅读 Passage A Saturn (is famous for the beautiful rings around it.Now,it's getting attention for being even more amazing.Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn,bringing the planet's total to 274.A moon is any naturally formed object that moves around a planet.Moons come in different shapes and sizes. Scientists discovered the moons with a powerful telescope（望远镜)，which is used to study stars and planets in great detail.Scientists took many photos of areas in space and piled them on top of each other to make the moons appear bright enough to discover. Most of Saturn's new moons are small objects,just one or two miles wide-quite different to Earth's Moon,which is a 2,159-mile-wide ball.These space rocks are in unusual orbits ( too.They go around Saturn in the opposite direction to its own movement.At between 6.5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet,the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn's biggest moon,Titan. 9 英语·八年级上册(HU) ●●-● Why does Saturn have so many moons while Earth only has one?According to scientists, several billion years ago,the giant planet's gravity attracted some rocks and ice.Over time,some of them crashed against each other,breaking into smaller pieces or coming together to create many small moons. The new moons were first discovered in 2023 by a team of scientists led by Edward Ashton, and were recently confirmed by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).Saturn now is the planet with the most moons-Jupiter is not far behind with 95.However,Dr Ashton believes this might be the limit for moon discovery."I don't think Jupiter will ever catch up,he said."With present technology,I don't think we can do better than what has already been done,"he added. ()1.What do we know about the new discovery? A.Newly found moons look the same. B.Scientists found new moons by accident. C.Saturn's rings attract many scientists. D.128 new moons were found around Saturn. )2.How many moons does saturn have in total after the new discovery? A.128. B.274. C.95. D.2159 )3.What does the underlined word "gravity"in Paragraph 4 mean? A.The force that pulls things towards a planet B.The shape of a planet in space C.The distance between two space objects D.The speed of moving space rocks ( )4.What led to the large number of Saturn's moons? A.The size of the planet. B.The weights of the moons. C.The orbit of the planet. D.The crashes of the moons. )5.What can we learn from Dr Ashton's words in the last paragraph? A.Jupiter will soon catch up with Saturn. B.Saturn's new moons might support life. C.The IAU presented a medal to his team. D.He is satisfied with their moon discovery. Passage B Have you ever wondered why some friendships feel as close as family?It turns out that genetics（遗传学)might help in choosing your closest friends. 10 英语·单元话题拓展阅读 ●…●● According to a US study with1,932 people.friends have a kinship coefficient（亲缘系数) that is 0.0014 higher than in strangers!The kinship coefficient is an easy way to see how genetically related (two people are-the higher the number.the closer the relation.Don't look down on this number.The kinship coefficient between parents and children is about 0.25.For first cousins,it's about 0.0625,while for fourth cousins,it's around only 0.001. The question is why are people with a high level of kinship coefficient more possibly to become friends？The research team found that many of the top 1%of similar genes(相似基因)are related to the sense of smell.This means that close friends may have a similar sense of smell. A study in Science Advances also showed that people who become close friends usually have similar body smells..Researchers collected sweat samples(汗液样本)from20 pairs of friends. They all became close in a short time.Using an e-nose and human volunteers to study the smells. they found that friends'body odors (were more alike than those of strangers.So,next time you hug your friends.you might notice that they smell a bit like you! ( )1.What is the kinship coefficient between parents and children? A.0.25. B.0.0625. C.0.0014. D.0.001. )2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A.Strangers have no genetic similarities at all. B.People only become friends if they are genetically related. C.Some friends may be more genetically similar than fourth cousins. D.Friends are always more genetically similar than family members. ( )3.Why may people with similar genes become friends according to the study? A.Because they have similar hobbies. B.Because they went to the same school. C.Because they live in the same community. D.Because they have a similar sense of smell )4.How did researchers study the body smells of friends in the study? A.By studying their genes. B.By watching how often they hugged. C.By asking friends to describe each other's smells. D.By using an e-nose and human volunteers to study sweat samples. ( )5.What is the main idea of the text? A.How can we look for friends. B.How to choose friends by smell. C.What decide who our friends are. D.Why kinship coefficient is important. 11 英语·八年级上册(HJ)》 模拟演练 Passage A Zu Chongzhi (429-500)was a famous mathematician and astronomer in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.From an early age,Zu was smart and fond of learning.He was taught natural science,astronomy,maths and so on.The little boy was interested in all of these subjects,especially in maths,and later became a world-famous scientist. Zu was best known for his calculation of pi(π).He worked out an accurate value(精确值) of pi around 1,500 years ago.After calculating more than 1,000 times,he worked out the value of pi,which is between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.No one at that time was able to do better than him.It was about 1,000 years ahead of Europe. Zu was not only good at maths,but also astronomy.He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar,the best at that time.It is said that Zu was also an inventor.He once made a vehicle(车辆)that carried a pointer(指针).No matter how the vehicle turned,the pointer always pointed to the south.He also invented a long-distance boat.It was really great and it could travel over 50 kilometres a day. In memory of this great ancient scientist,Tsu Chung Chi（祖冲之环形山)is named after him on the moon. )1.What was Zu Chongzhi? ①An inventor.②A scientist..③A painter.④An astronomer.⑤A mathematician.. A.①②③⑤ B.①②④⑤ c.②③④⑤ D.①③④⑤ ( )2.What does the underlined word "It"refer to in the third paragraph? A.The vehicle. B.The pointer. C.The value of pi. D.The long-distance boat. ( )3.Which of the followings is not Zu Chongzhi's achievement? A.The accurate value of pi. B.The Daming Calendar. C.A vehicle with a pointer. D.Tsu Chung Chi on the moon. )4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.To introduce the great achievements of Zu Chongzhi. B.To show the history of ancient Chinese calendar. C.To explain how Zu Chongzhi calculated pi. D.To tell the inventions in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. ( )5.What can we know about Zu Chongzhi from the passage? A.He was only talented in maths and astronomy. B.His study of pi was far ahead of European research. C.The Daming Calendar is still used all over the world. D.His boat could travel 50 kilometres per hour. 12 英语·单元话题拓展阅读 ●● Passage B Fibonacci was the nickname of an Italian mathematician,Leonardo of Pisa,who lived in the early 1200s.Fibonacci discovered his famous sequence-一the Fibonacci number sequence(斐波那 契数列)· The sequence goes like this:0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89,144,233,and so on.The Fibonacci sequence is actually pretty simple.The first two numbers in the sequence are zero and one;if you add them together,their sum is 1,the third number in the sequence.The second and third numbers in the sequence are 1 and 1;you add these numbers together to get the fourth Fibonacci number:2.The sum of the third and fourth numbers,1 and 2,equal the fifth number:3.Continue the pattern:2+3=5;3+5=8;5+8=13;and so on until you reach 144 +233=377. The sequence is also called the rabbit sequence because Fibonacci introduced his sequence to the public by describing a situation of counting rabbits.Imagine that there is a pair of newborn rabbits,one male and one female.At the end of the first month,they grow into adult rabbits.At the end of the second month,they give birth to a new pair of babies,so there are two pairs.The first pair produces another pair of babies again,and the second pair grows up.Therefore,at the end of the third month,there are three pairs,.... Fibonacci numbers appear often in maths.In fact,there is a magazine,the Fibonacci Quarterly,publishing the study on them.Fibonacci numbers are also used in computer programs. They appear in nature such as in the number of petals on a flower as well.A lily has three petals, a buttercup has five petals,and an aster has 21 petals-3,5,and 21 are all Fibonacci numbers. ( )1.What is the sixteenth number in the Fibonacci sequence? A.233. B.377. C.610. D.987. ( )2.How did Fibonacci introduce his sequence to the public? A.By telling stories. B.By listing numbers. C.By comparing facts. D.By giving examples. )3.What can we infer from the passage? A.Fibonacci numbers can only be found in flowers. B.Fibonacci sequence has practical value in many fields. C.The Fibonacci Quarterly only publishes rabbit research. D.Most kinds of flowers have exactly three petals. ( )4.What does the word "They"in the last paragraph refer to? A.Fibonacci magazines. B.Fibonacci numbers. C.Petals on a flower. D.Computer programs. )5.What is the best title of this article? A.How to Count Rabbits B.Interesting Numbers in Nature C.Magical Fibonacci Sequence D.Fibonacci-A Great Mathematician 13 英语·八年级上册(HJ)》 Passage C Do you know the numbers 0-9 well?They are numbers in Arabic numbers.People use them to mark numbers now.But it's not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago,people in Rome used their hands to count.In Roman numerals,one finger means 1,two fingers means 2,three fingers means 3,and four fingers means 4.If you want to say five,you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five,and then you'll have ten.So in Rome,the numbers are "I,II, Ⅲ，V,V,I,WI,l,X,X”.Also,“L”means fifty,“C”means one hundred.“D”means five hundred and "M"means one thousand.But there is no zero in Roman numerals.Today,few people use them because they are difficult to write and count.But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today,most people use the Arabic numerals.They are easy to remember and write.They help people to count things every day.In fact,Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century,people in Arabic countries learned about them.Then the Arabic people took them into Europe.So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals.Today,people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. ( )1.Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A.5. B.IV. C.V. D.X. ( )2.What does the underlined word "them"in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Arabic numerals. B.Watches and clocks. C.Zero. D.Roman numerals. ( )3.What do we know about Arabic numerals? A.People in Rome didn't use them. B.Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C.Only Arabic people use them today. D.Arabic numerals are easy to remember and write. )4.Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A.Because they are not easy to write and count. B.Because there are no Romans any more. C.Because the numbers look stupid. D.Because they are hard to remember. )5.In what order did the following things happen? a.Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b.Indians created Arabic numerals. c.Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d.People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A.b-c-a-d B.b-a-c-d C.d-b-a-c D.d-c-b-a 14 英语·单元话题拓展阅读 Passage D Numbers are not just numbers.They have different meanings in different countries.Let's see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. The number 3 The number 8 People in Sweden think all good things It is a lucky number in most countries. come in threes.For example,there are three This number is very welcome among the kinds of medals in a game.People in the Chinese people,because it sounds like "Fa" Republic of Korea(ROK)and Italy think the in Chinese,which means wealth and fortune. same way. The Beijing Summer Olympics started at 08: But people in Japan and Vietnam have 08 p.m.on August 8th,2008.Eight is also a different ideas.They don't like taking photos lucky number in Japan.But it's different in when there are only 3 people.They think death Bulgaria.People there think it can bring them will come for the person in the middle. bad luck. The number 9 The number 13 In China,it's a lucky number.It has the How about the number 13?It's an same pronunciation as“Jiu”,meaning unlucky number in many countries,like everlasting.9 sounds like jiu'in Chinese Norway,Sweden and the UK.Lots of bad which means longevity or everlasting life. things happened on the 13th in history. In Norway,it's a lucky number too.There However,in Italy,13 is a lucky number. are many stories about it.But people in Japan People think 13 can help them live a happy don't like it.Why?Because when they say it in life. Japanese,it sounds like another word“KU”. )1.Which part of a magazine is this passage most probably taken from? A.Maths. B.Sports. C.Science. D.Culture. )2.Which countries think of the number three as a lucky number? A.Japan and Vietnam. B.The ROK and Japan. C.Vietnam and Sweden. D.The ROK and Sweden. )3.What does the underlined word "everlasting"mean in this passage? A.Temporary. B.Permanent. C.Limited. D.Fragile. 15 英语·八年级上册(HJ) ●-● )4.What can we infer from the whole passage? A.Different countries have different opinions on the same number. B.All European countries regard 13 as an unlucky number. C.Numbers'meanings mainly depend on local sports culture. D.Asian countries share the same ideas about lucky numbers. ( )5.Which of the following statements are NOT right according to the passage? D Jane in Italy loves taking photos of three people. 2Peter in Bulgaria is very happy to have eight balls. 3 Bella in Norway is glad to collect nine model planes. 4 John in Sweden would like to have a party on June 13th. A.①③ B.②④ C.③④ D.①②③ Passage E A.There are three parts of the eleven digits. B.So they cannot create as many numbers as we can. C.Sometimes you may find the owners of some numbers change. D.So in 1999 we began to use eleven digits. E.You may find it hard to remember them. F.Many people like to choose easy phone numbers. Have you ever counted the number of digits (in your mobile phone number?Your number has eleven digits.1.That's because your number is the longest mobile phone number in the world.Why is that? 2 Each part has a different meaning.The first three numbers tell you the mobile phone service provider.The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered () And the last four digits are random(随机的). We use eleven digits because China has the most people in the world.We once had ten numbers.But later there were not enough numbers for us.3.That's enough for each person to have seven or eight phone numbers to use in China. Mobile phone numbers can be used again.People can stop using their phone numbers.Then usually,the service provider will reuse the numbers after three to six months.4. Besides China,Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers.But their numbers always start with 0.5. _Countries like the United States,Australia and India use phone numbers with ten digits.Canada's mobile phone numbers are perhaps the world's shortest:only seven digits. 16第二部分非选择题 Ⅲ.36.about 37.excited 38.caught 39.dogs 40.an 41.and 42.to be 43.people's 44.slowly 45.them IV. In our English class,we have a discussion on "Do you agree to keep pets?"In our group,we have different opinions.Our group member Mary agrees to keep pets. In her opinion,pets are lovely.They can play with us and bring us happiness.Another member Jim also agrees that it is a good idea to keep pets.According to him, keeping pets teaches us how to care for others and helps us become more responsible.However,Helen has a different view of keeping pets.She shares that some pets are very noisy and may affect other people's rest. I agree with the idea of keeping pets because some pets are helpful and faithful to us,and they can become our good friends.We can also learn some important skills while taking care of pets. 八年级上册·期中测试卷 第一部分选择题 I.1-5 DBDAC 6-10 ABCAD Ⅱ.11-15 CBBDD 16-20 BBCAD 21-25 CADBC 26-30 EBFAD 31-35 BAFCD 第二部分非选择题 Π.36.an 37.successfully 38.for 39.but 40.first 41.reasonable 42.hung 43.speaking 44.countries 45.clearer IV.Last Friday we had a heated discussion about what Al robots can do in our English class.Here are the results. We find that more than half of the students think robots can help with housework.37%of the students think that they can help us study and improve our grades. 23%of the students believe that robots can take care of the elderly.We are surprised to find that 12%of the students think robots can chat and play with us.Only ten percent of the students think robots can cook for us. Although robots can do so many things for us,I don't think robots can take the place of humans because they can never think like humans.Only humans can be creative. 八年级上册·期末测试卷 第一部分选择题 I.1-5 DBCDA 6-10 CDCBC Ⅱ.11-15 CDCAD 16-20 DDACB 21-25 BCABC 26—30 EBAFD 31-35 EADCB 第二部分非选择题 IⅢl.36.weaker 37.talented 38.a 39.Finally 40.s0 41.shone 八年级上册参考若案 42.importance 43.to help 44.reminds 45.like I. Once there lived a man from Zheng who wanted to buy a new pair of shoes.Before going out,he carefully measured his feet and wrote down the size on a piece of paper.He put the paper aside and hurried to the shoe store without taking it. When the shopkeeper showed him nice shoes,the man realized he left the measurement paper at home.The shopkeeper asked him to just try the shoes on his feet directly.However,he refused and rushed back home to get the paper. By the time he returned to the shoe store with the paper,it was already closed.Everyone laughed at him for trusting the written numbers more than his own feet. This fable tells us not to stick to fixed rules blindly. We should trust real facts and think flexibly when dealing with things. cf0父℃00c000C0b 8 单元话题拓展阅读参考答案} Unit 1 Look it up! 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5( CDACB 6-10 BDACB Passage B 1-5 CBAAB 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 ADCAD Passage B 1-5 BDCBC Passage C 1-5 ABBAD Passage D 1-5 ADBBC Unit 2 Amazing numbers 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5 DBADD Passage B 1-5 ACDDC 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 BDDAB Passage B 1-5 CDBBC Passage C 1-5 CDDAB Passage D 1-5 DDBAB Passage E 1-5 EADCB Unit 3 Our digital lives 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5 BCCAD 6-10 BACDA Passage B 1—5 AABDB 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 BADCB 6-10 ABCAD Passage B 1-5 BCBAC Passage C 1-5 DCCCA Passage D 1-5 CABBD Passage E 1-5 CEFDA Unit 4 Inventions 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5 BCAAD 6-10 BCABD Passage B 1-5 ADBCA 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 CCBBA Passage B 1-5 CABDC Passage C 1-5 BBBCD Passage D 1-5 CABAD Passage E 1-5 CBEDA