Unit 1 Look it up 名人事迹及其他百科知识 单元话题拓展阅读-【宝典训练】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语高效课堂（沪教版·新教材）

英语·八年级上册(HJ) Unit1 Look it up！ 名人事迹及其他百科知识 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 文章通过黄旭华事迹传递了“自主创新”的 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 248 价值观。 时文阅读 文章主要介绍了四位年轻人在文化和科技 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 265 领域的杰出成就，展现了年轻力量如何引领 未来。 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 273 文章主要介绍了一些百科全书的发展历史。 文章主要介绍了达·芬奇在艺术之外的其 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 247 他领域也有卓越的表现。 模拟演练 Passage C 阅读理解 记叙文 317 文章主要介绍了袁隆平与他的杂交水稻。 文章主要通过百科全书中的两个具体的例 Passage D 阅读理解 说明文 242 子（一位哑剧大师和海洋生物）来展示百科 全书包含的信息类型。 时文阅读 Passage A Huang Xuhua,a great Chinese mechanical engineer.He was born in Guangdong Province on March 12,1926.He died in Wuhan on February 6,2025,at the 1 of 99 Huang Xuhua 2 from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949.In 1958,he was 3 to develop China's nuclear submarines ()At that time,China met many 4,such as a lack of technology and resources.But Huang and his team didn't give up.They used abacuses for calculations and got information from foreign newspapers. In 1970,China's first nuclear submarine began sea trials (and started to serve in 1974.This made China the fifth 5 to have nuclear submarines.Later,Huang Xuhua was made the chief designer and made 6 contributions to the nuclear submarine project. Huang had to keep his job a 7 for 30 years.That's why his family knew very little about what he did.However,his hard work and great efforts 8 brought good results. Because of his 9 work,Huang Xuhua was given the Medal of the Republic,one of China's highest honors,in 2019.His story shows us that if we have determination and 10,we can do great things.He will always be remembered as a national hero in China. 2 英语·单元话题拓展阅读 The word "mechanical"means being operated by power from an engine. *The word "abacuses"means frames with small balls which slide along wires.They are used as tools or toys for counting. )1.A.heart B.hobby C.age D.body )2.A.celebrated B.won C.left D.graduated )3.A.chosen B.played C.carried D.brought )4.A.lessons B.festivals C.problems D.subjects )5.A.world B.country C.city D.town )6.A.dangerous B.important C.slow D.boring )7.A.card B.date C.party D.secret )8.A.finally B.loudly C.cheaply D.sadly ( )9.A.tiring B.difficult C.excellent D.easy )10.A.play games B.work hard C.raise money D.lose heart Passage B Have you watched the cartoon film Ne Zha 2 Have you heard of DeepSeek recently? Surprisingly,they are all created by young power who are leading China to a better future.Four of them are especially excellent.Let's take a look at what achievements they have made. Yang Yu Jiao Zi),the director of Ne Zha2 was born in 1980 in Luzhou,Sichuan Province. Just like Ne Zha,he overcame many difficulties,spending five years bringing traditional stories to life with creativity.Since the movie came out,it has broken the box office (in Chinese film history and became a hit. Born in 1985 in a small town in Guangdong Province,Liang Wenfeng showed a strong interest in AI technology from a young age and founded DeepSeek in 2023.Now DeepSeek's app became the most download (free app in both China and the US.Although five years younger than Liang Wenfeng,Wang Xingxing from Zhejiang Province set up Unitree,a world famous technology company which developed the robots used in the dance performance"YangBOT".These robots are not only for fun but also help in different tasks,such as carrying heavy objects and even taking part in rescue ()Feng Ji who was born in 1982 in Jingzhou,Hubei created a high-quality gaming Black Myth:Wukong(《黑神话：悟空》)，China's first big3 A game and won a prize. These young people are hard-working and not afraid to try new things,facing challenges bravely.They are truly role models and their unexpected success is an inspiration to all the Chinese. )l.【中考新考法·推断文章开篇方式】How does the writer start the passage? A.By giving examples B.By listing numbers. C.By asking questions. D.By making comparisons. 3 英语·八年级上册(HJ) )2.【中考新考法·图片理解】Which of the following is Liang Wenfeng's work? deepseek B. 探索未至之境 )3.What can we learn from the passage? A.Wang Xingxing is the youngest of the four famous people. B.These young people were all born in Hubei Province C."YangBOT"is a kind of AI app developed by Jiao Zi. D.Feng Ji showed a strong interest in AI technology when he was young. )4.【中考新考法·标题归纳】What's the best title of this passage? A.Young power,leading the future in culture and technology B.China's great progress in art and science C.Different people have different dreams D.Four achievements in Chinese history )5.What did Liang Wenfeng achieve with DeepSeek? A.He created the first 3A Chinese game Black Myth:Wukong. B.DeepSeek's app became the most downloaded free app in China and the US. C.He invented robots for dance shows and rescue work. D.He directed the popular cartoon film Ne Zha2 after five years'hard work. 模拟演练 Passage A Throughout history,people have always looked for knowledge.This led to the creation of many important encyclopaedias Ancient Rome The earliest encyclopaedia on record is Natural History by Pliny.He wrote about his knowledge of ancient Rome.Although many of his writings were true,some were hard to believe,like the Sciapodae people with one foot as big as an umbrella!However,Pliny never finished improving his work because he went to Pompeii in 79 A.D.to visit Mount Vesuvius and died in the eruption(火山爆发). Ancient China From the 10th to the 17th centuries,the Chinese government asked many clever people to make encyclopaedias.In the 11th century,they wrote Four Great Books of Song to collect all the information about the new Song Dynasty.In 1408,China completed Yongle Dadia.It was the largest encyclopaedia until Wikipedia came along about six hundred years later. Enlightenment Ideas(启蒙思想) When printing became common,encyclopaedias grew popular and important.During the Enlightenment,a famous encyclopaedia called Encyclopedie came out in France in 1751.Editor 4 英语·单元话题拓展阅读 … -●…●● Diderot wanted it to "change the way people think"and help the rising middle class teach themselves.Also,the ideas in the book encouraged people to question the king's rule.This helped lay the cultural foundation(基础)for the French Revolution(法国大革命). The Internet Age As the world went online,knowledge grew,too.Internet encyclopaedias started in the early 1990s.By 2001,Wikipedia came out.In 2004,it became the biggest encyclopaedia with 300,000 articles.By 2022,it had 6.5 million articles with pictures,videos,and more,making a lot of information easy to find online. ()1.What was the earliest encyclopaedia on record? A.Natural History. B.Four Great Books of Song. C.Encyclopedie. D.Yongle Dadian. ( )2.What was the largest encyclopaedia worldwide in the early 1980s? A.Wikipedia. B.Four Great Books of Song. C.Encyclopaedia Britannica. D.Yongle Dadian. )3.What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A.French people were stupid at that time. B.Encyclopedie was an English encyclopaedia C.Encyclopedie challenged the traditions of its time. D.The development of printing did not help people learn. )4.What can we learn from the history of encyclopaedias? A.People have never stopped looking for and sharing knowledge. B.Only intelligent and knowledgeable people can make encyclopaedias. C.Europe was the world's education centre over the past two thousand years. D.Europeans and Chinese could not exchange information until the internet age. )5.Where can you most probably find this article? A.Advertisement. B.Travel guide. C.School newspaper. D.Science Culture magazine. Passage B When we hear the name Leonardo da Vinci,most of us probably think of his famous paintings the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.But do you know that he also did well in many other areas? Leonardo da Vinci was considered to be one of the most talented and the cleverest people in history.He left behind many notebooks full of creative ideas and inventions.They were also full of different subjects that he was studying.He spelt words backwards(朝反方向)and reversed（使完全反转)each letter.So his notes could only be read through the use of a mirror.This "mirror writing"might have helped protect his ideas from getting stolen by others. 心 英语·八年级上册(HJ) ●-●-● In his notebooks,there were designs for flying machines.However,people learned how to use machines to fly about 400 years later.Leonardo da Vinci drew pictures and designs of war machines,musical instruments and many other things as well. Besides,he was also interested in the human body.He studied the human body a lot.He described different parts of the body in his notebooks.One of his most famous drawings,the Vitruvian Man,imagines a man with perfect proportions ()Leonardo da Vinci also studied the bodies of horses,cows,frogs,monkeys and other animals. Leonardo da Vinci believed that science and art were closely connected.In his opinion,the study of science and nature helped shape his work as an artist.Do you agree with him? ()1.How does the writer feel about Leonardo da Vinci's talents? A.Unintere sted. B.Shocked and amazed. C.Disappointed. D.Worried. ( )2.What does the underlined word "They"in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Leonardo da Vinci's ideas. B.Leonardo da Vinci's paintings. C.Leonardo da Vinci's designs. D.Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks. )3.What can we know about Leonardo da Vinci's idea from the text? A.Science and his artworks weren't closely connected. B.All artists should learn to make scientific inventions. C.Learning science helped him make better works of art. D.The study of nature couldn't improve his work as an artist. ( )4.How is the text organized?(①=Paragraph1;②=Paragraph2;…) ①② ① ① ① A.③④ B.②③④ C.② ③ D. ② ④ ⑤ ③④⑤ )5.What's the main purpose of writing the text? A.To describe Leonardo da Vinci's paintings. B.To introduce Leonardo da Vinci's inventions. C.To let us know more about Leonardo da Vinci. D.To tell a funny story about Leonardo da Vinci. Passage C Yuan Longping is one of the greatest scientists in China.Having spent 50 years in agricultural (research,he had made a great contribution in solving the problem of feeding the large population of China. Yuan Longping's interest in agriculture began when he was still in primary school.Though his parents wished that he could study science or medicine,Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture at university.After graduation in 1953,Yuan became a teacher in an agricultural school in a small town called Anjiang,where he stayed for 19 years.Anjiang was the place where Yuan started his 6 英语·单元话题拓展阅读 -●…●● hybrid rice(杂交水稻)research and eventually developed the world-famous three--line hybrid rice. During the period from the late 1950s to the early 1960s,China suffered from a nationwide famine ()The suffering left a deep impression on Yuan Longping,and he decided to make an effort to ensure that people in the future would have enough food to eat.Since 1960,he had devoted himself to the research and development of a better rice varietal ()Yuan Longping's research was not supported in the beginning.Many people did not believe he would succeed. However,with a lot of effort and research in the field,Yuan's group developed the first high- yielding（高产的)hybrid rice varietal in 1974.This rice yielded20 per cent more per unit than other rice plants,putting China in the lead in worldwide rice production. Since then,Yuan Longping's hybrid rice has also been grown in over 20 countries and has been attracting attention from the whole world,especially in areas at a risk from famine.Yuan Longping's achievement is considered as a victory over the threat of famine. As he accepted his "Lifetime Achievement Award"in 2019,Yuan Longping said that lifetime achievement means to strive (with all your life.He demonstrated the award through his own actions. ( )1.How long did it take Yuan Longping to develop the first high-yielding hybrid rice varietal? A.14 years. B.19 years. C.20 years. D.24 years. ( )2.What can we learn about Yuan Longping from the passage? A.Yuan stopped his research when he got older. B.Yuan's hybrid rice helps both China and other countries. C.Yuan's research on hybrid rice was always widely supported. D.Yuan became interested in agriculture when he was in university. ( )3.What does the underlined word "yielded"in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A.Stored food. B.Produced rice. C.Sold rice. D.Wasted food. ( )4.What is the correct order of the following events? a.Yuan received the "Lifetime Achievement Award". b.A national famine took place in China. c.Yuan began to work as a teacher in an agricultural school. d.Yuan's hybrid rice started to be grown in other countries. e.Yuan's group developed the first high-yielding hybrid rice. A.c-b-e-d-a B.c-b-a-d-e C.b-c-e-d-a D.b-c-a-d-e )5.What is the best title for the passage? A.Fight Against Famine B.The Three-Line Hybrid Rice C.Lifetime Achievement Award for Yuan Longping D.Yuan Longping-the Father of Hybrid Rice > 英语·八年级上册(HJ) Passage D Encyclopedias can give you facts and information about all kinds of subjects.There are different kinds of encyclopedias,such as encyclopedia of science,encyclopedia of music and so on.Do you know which encyclopaedia the following two articles are from? Philippe Bizot is a famous mime master(哑剧大师)from France.He was born in 1967and began learning mime when was just eight years old.Since then,he has never stopped studying it.At the age of 20,he got the "International Paris Mime Prize".In the past 30 years,he has given shows to people across the world.Bizot thinks living in a world without words makes people imagine.With no other things or conversations,Bizot gives the shows only by using his body, gestures and facial expressions(面部表情). Do you know that not only the fish but also some animals live in the sea?For example,the whale is not a fish.It can't breathe in the water.It swims in the water,but it comes up to the surface for air.The blue whale is the world's biggest animal.There are other sea animals too. One is called the dolphin.Dolphins need air to live.They breathe air as whales do.Dolphins are very clever.They sometimes seem to speak to each other.Many other animals live near the sea. Seals and otters ()love the sea.They swim and play there.They eat smaller fish and sea plants. )1.What does the first passage in the form mainly talk about? A.A famous French mime artist.B.The history of mime performance C.How to become a mime artist.D.The popularity of mime in different countries. ( )2.What is special about Philippe Bizot's mime performances? A.He uses a lot of props and costumes. B.He talks and sings during his performances. C.He has won many awards for his performances. D.He only uses his body,gestures,and facial expressions )3.From the two passages in the form,we can infer the two passages are from A.an encyclopedia of music and an encyclopedia of science B.an encyclopedia of art and an encyclopedia of nature C.an encyclopedia of history and an encyclopedia of geography D.an encyclopedia of sports and an encyclopedia of biology ( )4.What's the similarity between whales and dolphins according to the second passage in the form? A.They can both breathe under water. B.They both need to come up to the surface of the water to breathe. C.They are both very large animals. D.They can both communicate through speech. )5.What does the writer think of the two kinds of encyclopedia content? A.They are useless. B.They are hard to understand. C.They are rich and interesting.D.They are too short. 8第二部分非选择题 Ⅲ.36.about 37.excited 38.caught 39.dogs 40.an 41.and 42.to be 43.people's 44.slowly 45.them IV. In our English class,we have a discussion on "Do you agree to keep pets?"In our group,we have different opinions.Our group member Mary agrees to keep pets. In her opinion,pets are lovely.They can play with us and bring us happiness.Another member Jim also agrees that it is a good idea to keep pets.According to him, keeping pets teaches us how to care for others and helps us become more responsible.However,Helen has a different view of keeping pets.She shares that some pets are very noisy and may affect other people's rest. I agree with the idea of keeping pets because some pets are helpful and faithful to us,and they can become our good friends.We can also learn some important skills while taking care of pets. 八年级上册·期中测试卷 第一部分选择题 I.1-5 DBDAC 6-10 ABCAD Ⅱ.11-15 CBBDD 16-20 BBCAD 21-25 CADBC 26-30 EBFAD 31-35 BAFCD 第二部分非选择题 Π.36.an 37.successfully 38.for 39.but 40.first 41.reasonable 42.hung 43.speaking 44.countries 45.clearer IV.Last Friday we had a heated discussion about what Al robots can do in our English class.Here are the results. We find that more than half of the students think robots can help with housework.37%of the students think that they can help us study and improve our grades. 23%of the students believe that robots can take care of the elderly.We are surprised to find that 12%of the students think robots can chat and play with us.Only ten percent of the students think robots can cook for us. Although robots can do so many things for us,I don't think robots can take the place of humans because they can never think like humans.Only humans can be creative. 八年级上册·期末测试卷 第一部分选择题 I.1-5 DBCDA 6-10 CDCBC Ⅱ.11-15 CDCAD 16-20 DDACB 21-25 BCABC 26—30 EBAFD 31-35 EADCB 第二部分非选择题 IⅢl.36.weaker 37.talented 38.a 39.Finally 40.s0 41.shone 八年级上册参考若案 42.importance 43.to help 44.reminds 45.like I. Once there lived a man from Zheng who wanted to buy a new pair of shoes.Before going out,he carefully measured his feet and wrote down the size on a piece of paper.He put the paper aside and hurried to the shoe store without taking it. When the shopkeeper showed him nice shoes,the man realized he left the measurement paper at home.The shopkeeper asked him to just try the shoes on his feet directly.However,he refused and rushed back home to get the paper. By the time he returned to the shoe store with the paper,it was already closed.Everyone laughed at him for trusting the written numbers more than his own feet. This fable tells us not to stick to fixed rules blindly. We should trust real facts and think flexibly when dealing with things. cf0父℃00c000C0b 8 单元话题拓展阅读参考答案} Unit 1 Look it up! 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5( CDACB 6-10 BDACB Passage B 1-5 CBAAB 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 ADCAD Passage B 1-5 BDCBC Passage C 1-5 ABBAD Passage D 1-5 ADBBC Unit 2 Amazing numbers 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5 DBADD Passage B 1-5 ACDDC 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 BDDAB Passage B 1-5 CDBBC Passage C 1-5 CDDAB Passage D 1-5 DDBAB Passage E 1-5 EADCB Unit 3 Our digital lives 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5 BCCAD 6-10 BACDA Passage B 1—5 AABDB 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 BADCB 6-10 ABCAD Passage B 1-5 BCBAC Passage C 1-5 DCCCA Passage D 1-5 CABBD Passage E 1-5 CEFDA Unit 4 Inventions 时文阅读 Passage A 1-5 BCAAD 6-10 BCABD Passage B 1-5 ADBCA 模拟演练 Passage A 1-5 CCBBA Passage B 1-5 CABDC Passage C 1-5 BBBCD Passage D 1-5 CABAD Passage E 1-5 CBEDA