学考专题03 形容词与副词：知识盘点+核心精讲+进阶训练（讲义，浙江专用）2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题03 形容词与副词 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 知识点一 形容词 知识点二 副词 练|巩固提升训练 一、知识框架（考点地图） 表1 形容词与副词考点总览 模块 核心内容 高考考查方式 概念辨析 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词/形容词/副词 语法填空、短文改错 分类与位置 形容词五大类、副词六大类；修饰语位置规律 语法填空、单项选择 比较等级 规则/不规则变化、比较级句型、最高级句型 语法填空、写作 系动词用法 感官系动词后接形容词（look/sound/smell/taste/feel） 短文改错、单项选择 易混词对 hard/hardly、late/lately、deep/deeply、high/highly 等 单项选择、完形填空 写作运用 比较级与最高级高分句型 书面表达 二、概念定义 （一）形容词 形容词（adjective）用来修饰名词或代词，描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态，在句中主要作定语、表语或宾语补足语。 例句：She is a beautiful girl.（定语） 例句：The story is interesting.（表语） （二）副词 副词（adverb）用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、频度等，在句中作状语。 例句：He runs fast.（修饰动词） 例句：It is very cold.（修饰形容词） （三）核心区分 口诀：形修名，副修动/形/副。形容词修饰名词（a careful driver）；副词修饰动词（drive carefully）、形容词（extremely important）或副词（very well）。 三、要点解析 （一）形容词的分类 表2 形容词分类 类别 特点 例词 注意 性质形容词 描述特征，可作定语和表语，有比较级 beautiful, expensive 最常见的一类 表语形容词 只放在系动词后，不作前置定语 afraid, asleep, alive, alone, awake alive 可作后置定语：the man alive 定语形容词 一般只放在名词前，很少作表语 former, inner, main 注意与表语形容词区分 多个形容词排序 多个形容词修饰同一名词时有固定顺序 a beautiful small old red Chinese wooden box 口诀：限观形龄色国材 （二）副词的分类 表3 副词分类 类别 例词 说明 时间副词 now, then, recently, already 表示动作发生的时间 地点副词 here, there, abroad, upstairs 表示动作发生的地点 方式副词 carefully, quickly, quietly 多由形容词加 -ly 构成 程度副词 very, quite, rather, almost, hardly 修饰形容词或其他副词 频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 位于实义动词前、be 动词/助动词后 连接副词 therefore, besides, however 用于句间逻辑衔接，写作高频 （三）以 -ly 结尾的形容词（易混） 以 -ly 结尾的词不一定是副词。friendly, lovely, lonely, lively, silly 都是形容词，不可作副词使用。 例句：She is a friendly teacher.（friendly 修饰名词，作定语） 四、核心用法 （一）位置规则 1. 形容词置于名词前；作表语时置于系动词后。 2. 副词修饰动词时置于动词后；修饰形容词、副词时放在其前。 3. 频度副词置于实义动词前、be 动词或助动词后（实前 be 后）。 例句：He runs fast. / It is very cold. / She always gets up early. （二）比较等级的变化规则 比较级与最高级是高考语法填空、短文改错与写作的必考内容，需先掌握变化规则。 表4 比较级规则变化 规则 例词 一般直接加 -er / -est tall → taller → tallest 以 e 结尾只加 -r / -st nice → nicer → nicest 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）双写尾字母 big → bigger → biggest；hot；thin；fat 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i happy → happier → happiest；easy → easier 多音节词及部分双音节词前加 more / most beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful 表5 比较级不规则变化（必背） 原级 比较级 最高级 说明 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest farther 表距离；further 表抽象“进一步” old older / elder oldest / eldest elder 只表长幼辈分，不用于 than 比较 （三）比较级常用句型 1. A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B：A 比 B 更…… 例句：The new car is faster than the old one. 2. 比较级 + and + 比较级（more and more + 多音节形容词）：越来越…… 例句：It is getting colder and colder. / Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. 3. the + 比较级, the + 比较级：越……，就越…… 例句：The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 4. 比较级的修饰词：much, far, even, still, a lot, a little 可修饰比较级；very, quite 只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。 例句：This book is much more interesting than that one. （四）最高级句型 1. the + 最高级 + in/of + 范围：在……之中最…… 例句：He is the tallest in our class. 2. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词：最……之一（写作高频） 例句：Xi’an is one of the oldest cities in China. （五）系动词后用形容词，不用副词 感官系动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel 以及 keep, stay, become, get, turn 之后应接形容词作表语，不可用副词。 正确：The flowers smell sweet. 错误：The flowers smell sweetly.（×） （六）易混配对（一词两性辨析） 表6 易混配对 词对 用法辨析 hard / hardly hard 作形容词“困难的”，作副词“努力地”；hardly 为副词“几乎不” late / lately late 作形容词/副词“迟、晚”；lately 为副词“最近” deep / deeply deep 作形容词/副词“深”（表空间）；deeply 为副词“深深地”（表情感） high / highly high 作形容词/副词“高”（表实物高度）；highly 为副词“高度地”（表抽象程度） ▲易错点汇总 1. 词性误用：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词；感官系动词后用形容词而不用副词。 2. -ly 结尾误判：friendly、lovely 等是形容词，不要误当作副词。 3. 特殊比较级辨析：elder 只表长幼、不用于 than 比较；farther 表距离，further 可表抽象“进一步”。 4. 比较级与 the：比较级前不加 the；the + 比较级只用于 the…the… 句型；最高级前一般须有 the。 5. 比较对象一致：比较的两者须同类。 例句：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（that 代替 the weather） 6.写作高分句型（可直接背诵） The more we read, the more knowledgeable we will become.（我们读得越多，知识就越丰富。） It is much more convenient to shop online nowadays.（如今网购方便得多。） This is one of the most effective ways to improve our oral English.（这是提升英语口语最有效的方法之一。） Fortunately, he recovered faster than we expected.（幸运的是，他恢复得比我们预想的更快。） 单项选择 1. The little girl looked ______ at the broken toy and felt ______. A. sadly; sad B. sad; sadly C. sad; sad D. sadly; sadly 2. It is ______ to travel by train than by plane. A. much cheap B. more cheaper C. much cheaper D. more cheap 3. Of all the students, Li Ming is ______. A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. tallest 4. The ______ you practice, the ______ progress you will make. A. much; great B. more; greater C. many; great D. most; greatest 5. He is a ______ man. He always treats others ______. A. friendly; kindly B. friend; kind C. friendly; kind D. friend; kindly 6. We need ______ information for our research. A. farther B. further C. far D. farthest 7. She can ______ finish the work on time because she has ______ time left. A. hardly; hardly B. hard; hard C. hardly; hard D. hard; hardly 8. This is one of ______ cities in China. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful 9. The apple tastes ______ and sells ______. A. well; well B. good; good C. good; well D. well; good 10. —How is your new teacher? —He is ______ to us. A. lovely B. happily C. friendly D. lively 答案与简析 题号 答案 解析 1 A look at 为实义动词短语，用副词 sadly 修饰；felt 为系动词，后接形容词 sad。 2 C than 提示用比较级 cheaper；much 可修饰比较级，表示程度“得多”。 3 C of all the students 表示比较范围，用最高级，且最高级前须加 the。 4 B the + 比较级, the + 比较级 结构，意为“越……，就越……”。 5 A friendly 为形容词修饰名词 man；kindly 为副词修饰动词 treats。 6 B further information 意为“进一步的信息”，further 表抽象意义。 7 A hardly 意为“几乎不”，两个空均表否定含义，符合句意。 8 D one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，表示“最……之一”。 9 C taste 为系动词后接形容词 good；sell well 意为“畅销”，well 作副词修饰 sell。 10 C be friendly to sb. 意为“对某人友好”；lovely（可爱的）不符合语境。 1．________ the treatment (治疗) is given, the better the patient’s chances are. A．Early B．Earlier C．The earlier D．The earliest 2．The 15th National Games is ________ than before because Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao host it together. A．special B．more special C．most special D．the most special 3．My ________ sister is eighteen years ________. She’s two years ________ than me. A．elder; old; older B．old; old; elder C．older; old; elder D．elder; older; old 4．— Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? — Certainly. We can buy ________ one than this, but ________ this. A．a worse; as good as B．a better; not better than C．a more expensive; not as good as D．a cheaper; as good as 5．Shakespeare ________ in writing many great plays and he was a ________ playwright (剧作家). A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeeded; successful D．successfully; successful 6．—Do you think English is ________ maths? —No, I think English is easier. A．the most difficult B．difficult than C．as difficult than D．as difficult as 7．Sam doesn’t write ________ Mary, but his maths is ________ than hers. A．as good as; well B．as good as; best C．as well as; good D．as well as; better 8．—Why do you speak in ________? —Because I want to make myself heard clearly. A．such a loud voice B．so loud voice C．such loud voice D．so a loud voice 9．—Roy doesn’t like junk food. —________. That’s probably why I’m becoming ________ now. A．Me too; more and more healthily B．Neither do I; healthier and healthier C．Me neither; weaker and weaker D．So do I; healthy and weak 10．Which do you like ________, the red pen, the green pen or the blue pen? A．good B．best C．better D．well 11．Of all the boys, Bill spent ________ time and made ________ mistakes. A．less…fewer B．the least…the fewest C．fewer…fewer D．much…many 12．Tom looked really ________ as he looked at the other students ________. A．angry; angrily B．angry; angry C．angrily; angrily D．well; angry 13．We should always remember that ________ we are, ________ grades we’ll get. A．the more careful; the best B．the more carefully; the best C．the more careful; the better D．the more carefully; the better 14．Grace is ________ than I, and she is one of ________ students in our class. A．the most hard-working; the most hard-working B．more hard-working; more hard-working C．more hard-working; the most hard-working D．the most hard-working; more hard-working 15．—I was late for school again this morning. I really hope there is ________ traffic on the road. —Yeah, ________ cars on the road, ________ traffic there will be. A．less; fewer; less B．fewer; less; fewer C．fewer; the less; the fewer D．less; the fewer; the less 16．People always see things in ________ ways, so they may describe the same person ________. A．difference; differently B．different; differently C．differently; different D．differently; difference 17．My sister is a ________ girl. She always finishes everything ________. A．careful, carefully B．careful, careful C．carefully, careful D．carefully, carefully 18．—You look so ________. What’s the good news? —I just got an A in my English exam. A．happily B．happy C．happiness D．unhappy 19．My skill is not as ________ as yours. A．good B．well C．better D．best 20．The children are so ________ about the ________ football match. A．exciting; excited B．excited; exciting C．exciting; exciting D．excited; excited 21．The ________ you listen to teachers in class, the ________ your understanding of lessons will be. A．more careful; better B．more carefully; clearer C．more carefully; easier D．more careful; deeper 22．—Why did Mr. Wu choose Jack to do the class project? —Because he always does things ________ than others in his class. A．more careful B．less careful C．less carefully D．more carefully 23．When you walk ________ at night, why don’t you sing ________ to make yourself brave? A．alone; loud B．lonely; quietly C．lonely; loudly D．alone; quiet 24．He works ________ than me, but he doesn’t work ________ in our team. A．harder; the harder B．harder; the hardest C．more hard; the most hard D．hard; the harder 25．I like playing soccer ________ than anything else. I decide to work as ________ as a soccer player. A．much; hard B．more; hard C．much; harder D．more; harder 答案与解析： 1．C 【解析】句意：治疗越早，患者的机会就越大。 考查比较级用法。根据“ the better the patient’s chances are.”可知，“the+比较级 ..., the+比较级 ...”表示“越……就越……”，是固定句型。C项符合要求。故选C。 2．B 【解析】句意：——第十五届全运会比以往更特别，因为它由广东、香港和澳门联合举办。 考查形容词比较级的用法。special特别的（形容词原级）；more special更特别的（形容词比较级）；most special （形容词最高级，作表语时需在前面加上the）；the most special最特别的（the+形容词最高级）。根据句中标志词“than”（比），可知此处需用形容词比较级形式，“special”是多音节形容词，比较级为“more special”，故选B。 3．A 【解析】句意：我的姐姐十八岁了。她比我大两岁。 考查形容词elder和older的用法区别。old老的，形容词；older用于比较年龄或事物，而elder通常只用于表示家庭成员的长幼次序。根据“My…sister”可知，第一个空表示家庭中的年长者，故用elder修饰sister；根据“eighteen years…”可知，第二个空表示年龄，基数词+years old“……岁”，固定搭配，故填old；根据“She’s two years…than me.”可知，第三个空表示比较级，故填older。故选A。 4．D 【解析】句意：——妈妈，你能给我买一件这样的裙子吗？——当然，我们可以买一件比这个更便宜的，但是和这个一样好的。 考查形容词比较级辨析和as…as的用法。a worse更差的；as good as和……一样好；a better更好的；not better than不比……好；a more expensive更贵的；not as good as不如……好；a cheaper更便宜的；as good as和……一样好。第一个空，空后有than，需用比较级，结合句意可知，此处表示“一件更便宜的”；第二个空，but表转折，说明另一件裙子与这件一样好，表示“和……一样好”，是原级比较，故用as good as。故选D。 5．C 【解析】句意：莎士比亚在创作许多伟大戏剧方面很成功，他是一位成功的剧作家。 考查时态和形容词的用法。success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词原形；successful成功的，形容词；succeeded成功，动词过去式/动词过去分词；successfully成功地，副词。第一空，成功做某事“succeed in doing sth.”是固定搭配，且时态为一般过去时，需用动词过去式succeeded；第二空，修饰名词playwright需用形容词successful。故选C。 6．D 【解析】句意：——你认为英语和数学一样难吗？——不，我认为英语更容易。 考查形容词等级。the most difficult最难的；difficult than错误表达；as difficult than错误表达；as difficult as和……一样难。根据“Do you think English is...maths?”和“No, I think English is easier.”以及选项可知，应用“as difficult as”，表示是否认为英语和数学一样难。as...as...“与……一样……”，用于两者同级比较。故选D。 7．D 【解析】句意：萨姆写得不如玛丽好，但他的数学比她好。 考查形容词、副词的原级和比较级用法。as good as和……一样好，形容词原级；well好地，副词原级；best最好的，形容词最高级；as well as和……一样好，副词原级；good好的，形容词原级；better更好的，形容词比较级。根据“write”是动词，需用副词修饰，第一空用“as well as”；再根据“than”提示第二空用比较级，“better”符合语境，指萨姆的数学比玛丽更好。故选D。 8．A 【解析】句意：——你为什么用这么大的声音说话？——因为我想让自己被清楚地听到。 考查such和so的用法辨析。such修饰名词，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”；so修饰形容词或副词，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”。voice是可数名词单数，loud是形容词，such a loud voice符合结构要求。故选A。 9．B 【解析】句意：——Roy不喜欢垃圾食品。——我也不喜欢。那可能是我现在变得越来越健康的原因。 考查倒装句和形容词比较级。Me too我也是，用于肯定句；more and more healthily越来越健康地；Neither do I 我也不喜欢；healthier and healthier越来越健康；Me neither我也不喜欢；weaker and weaker越来越虚弱；So do I我也是；healthy and weak健康又虚弱。第一空，上文“Roy doesn’t like...” 是否定句，回应 “我也不喜欢”需用“Neither do I”或“Me neither”，排除A和D；第二空，“becoming”后接形容词作表语表示“变得越来越……” ，需用“比较级+and+比较级”结构；垃圾食品不利于健康，“不喜欢垃圾食品”会导向健康的身体状态，而非“越来越虚弱”，排除C。故选B。 10．B 【解析】句意：红色的钢笔、绿色的钢笔和蓝色的钢笔，你最喜欢哪一支？ 考查副词最高级。good好的；best最好地；better更好；well好地。 根据“the red pen, the green pen or the blue pen”可知，是在三者之间进行比较，要用最高级形式，like...best表示“最喜欢……”，故选B。 11．B 【解析】句意：在所有男孩中，比尔花的时间最少，犯的错误也最少。 考查形容词最高级。time为不可数名词，用little的最高级least修饰；mistakes为可数名词复数，用few的最高级fewest修饰。且最高级前通常加the。根据“Of all the boys”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，应用最高级。故选B。 12．A 【解析】句意：汤姆看起来非常生气，愤怒地看着其他学生。 考查形容词和副词的用法。angry生气，形容词；angrily生气地，副词；well健康的，形容词。第一空，look是系动词，后接形容词作表语；第二空，looked at是动词短语，需用副词修饰，这里表示愤怒地看着其他学生。故选A。 13．C 【解析】句意：我们应该始终记住，我们越认真，成绩就越好。 考查比较级。根据“... we are, ... grades we'll get”可知，句子属于“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，表示“越……，就越……”。第一空，空格后是“we are”，需用形容词作表语，“careful”是形容词，其比较级为“more careful”，排除B和D；第二空，空格后为名词“grades”，需用形容词“good”的比较级better“更好的”，修饰名词，符合“越仔细，成绩越好”的语义，排除A。故选C。 14．C 【解析】句意：格蕾丝比我更努力，且她是班上最努力的学生之一。 考查形容词比较级与最高级的用法。the most hard-working; the most hard-working最努力；最努力；more hard-working; more hard-working较努力；较努力；more hard-working; the most hard-working较努力；最努力；the most hard-working; more hard-working最努力；较努力。第一空根据“than”可知，表示两者比较，需用比较级more hard-working；第二空根据“in our class”和“one of the+最高级”结构可知，此处需用最高级the most hard-working。故选C。 15．D 【解析】句意：——我今天早上又上学迟到了。我真的希望路上的交通更少一些。——是啊，路上的车越少，交通就会越少。 考查比较级。less更少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的，修饰复数名词。第一空修饰不可数名词traffic，用less；第二空和第三空构成“the+比较级, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”句型，第二空修饰复数名词cars，用the fewer；第三空修饰不可数名词traffic，用the less。故选D。 16．B 【解析】句意：人们总是以不同的方式看待事物，因此他们可能以不同的方式描述同一个人。 考查形容词和副词的用法。difference差异，名词；different不同的，形容词；differently不同地，副词。第一个空修饰名词“ways”，需用形容词“different”；第二个空修饰动词“describe”，需用副词“differently”。故选B。 17．A 【解析】句意：我的妹妹是一个细心的女孩。她总是认真地完成一切事情。 考查形容词和副词的用法。第一空修饰名词“girl”，需用形容词“careful”；第二空修饰动词“finishes”，需用副词“carefully”。故选A。 18．B 【解析】句意：——你看起来如此高兴。有什么好消息？——我英语考试得了A。 考查系动词后接形容词的用法。happily高兴地；happy高兴的；happiness幸福；unhappy不高兴的。look为系动词，后应接形容词作表语，且根据答语“得了A”可知是高兴的。故选B。 19．A 【解析】句意：我的技能不如你的好。 考查形容词原级在比较结构中的使用。good好的； well好地，副词；better更好的；best最好的。在“as...as”结构中，需使用形容词或副词原级，此处需要形容词作表语。故选A。 20．B 【解析】句意：孩子们对这场令人兴奋的足球比赛感到如此兴奋。 考查形容词辨析。excited感到兴奋的，修饰人；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物。根据“The children are so...about the...football match.”可知，第一空，句子主语是“children”，此处是形容词修饰人，使用“excited”；第二空，此处是形容词修饰名词“football match”，是形容词修饰物，使用“exciting”。故选B。 21．B 【解析】句意：你在课堂上听老师讲课越仔细，你对课程的理解就越清晰。 考查比较级用法。根据“The ... you listen to teachers in class, the ... your understanding of lessons will be.”可知，此处考查“the +比较级，the+ 比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”；第一空，修饰动词短语“listen to”，需用副词carefully的比较级more carefully，排除A和D；第二空，应用形容词clearer搭配“understanding”，表示对课程的理解更清晰，clearer在句中作系动词“be”的表语。故选B。 22．D 【解析】句意：——为什么吴老师选择杰克做班级项目？——因为他在班里做事总是比其他人更仔细。 考查副词比较级。more careful更认真的，形容词比较级；less careful更不认真的，形容词比较级；less carefully更不认真地，副词比较级；more carefully更认真地，副词比较级。根据“does things”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，排除选项A和B；再根据“choose Jack to do the class project”可知，吴老师选择杰克是因为他做事更认真。故选D。 23．A 【解析】句意：当你晚上独自行走时，为什么不放声歌唱让自己勇敢起来呢？ 考查副词的用法和副词辨析。alone独自；lonely孤独的；loud响亮地；quietly安静地；loudly大声地；quiet安静的。根据“walk...at night”可知是独自行走，修饰动词用副词alone；根据“sing...to make yourself brave”可知是放声歌唱让自己勇敢，修饰动词sing用副词loud，sing loud“放声歌唱”。故选A。 24．B 【解析】句意：他比我工作更努力，但他在我们团队中工作不是最努力的。 考查副词的比较级和最高级。“hard”的比较级是“harder”，第一空根据“than”可知用比较级“harder”；第二空根据“in our team”可知用“the+最高级”。故选B。 25．B 【解析】句意：比起其他任何事情，我更喜欢踢足球，我决定像足球运动员一样努力。 考查比较级。much很多；more更多；hard努力；harder更努力。根据“...than anything else”可知，第一空需用比较级；根据“I decide to work as...as a soccer player.”可知，as...as中间接形容词或副词原级。故选B。   训练 一、单词拼写 1．The man lost in the desert was d______ for water. 2．What he said this morning was r________ to the accident happening last Sunday. 3．It’'s e_________ to me that they have no experience in this work because they are very clumsy. 4．A_______in painting,John didn’t notice evening approaching. 5．I would be g__________ if you could give me some help. 6．After being told that they shouldn’t pick flowers in the park, the two girls felt g_________ and promised not to do that again. 7．It’s i__________ to read people’s private letters without permission. 8．China, suffering a lot in the past, has grown up into a powerful country in the c__________ world. 9．The system should focus on not only children’s study but also on their a__________ development. 10．Too much use of e__________ products contributes to children being shortsighted. 11．Out of work for 3 months, he decided to hunt for a t__________ job to support himself. 12．Those were t____ moments while we were waiting for the winner’s name to be announced in the games. 13．Users will become a___________ to crack cocaine if they smoke it. 14．The secretary arranged a c____ time and place for all the applicants to have an interview. 15．The students are asked to write a b__________ description, no more than 80 words. 16．He was very e______to hear people speak ill of him in public. 17．Mary’s been very d______and upset about this whole situation. 18．Christmas actually started as a r______festival celebrated by Christians around the world. 19．The suffering has affected both her mental and p___ health. 20．She always has a busy day and gets home at midnight, completely e___________. 21．Many people were a_______waiting outside the hospital, hoping to get further information about those injured in Longyan bus incident. 22．Mr. Young told Simon c______ he had done a good job and he should keep on doing like that. 23．P____________, I don’t care what I can get from playing music. I just love music. 24．It was a long journey, but we e______________ arrived. 25．Do as you are told to, o________ you will be in real trouble. 26．He worked hard for a while, but e________ he got tired of trying so hard. 27．Some dogs are trained to help people who are v________ impaired. 28．With the popularity of Zhuhai Chime Long Ocean Kingdom, more local employments will be created, p________ in service industries. 29．After the terrible earthquake, the village was destroyed e________. 30．Changjiang River runs through hills and valleys and f________ enters the East China Sea. 二、单项选择 31． The movie ________ we waited for a long time was not interesting, which made us very ________. A．that; disappointing B．what; disappointed C．that; disappointed D．what; disappointing 32．At the school meeting, the headmaster suggests the teachers receive ________ education to catch up with the ________ development. A．farther; late B．farther; latest C．further; late D．further; latest 33．Our new classroom is ________ than the old one. A．very bigger B．much bigger C．more big D．much more bigger 34．A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ________. A．unsatisfying B．to be unsatisfying C．unsatisfied D．being unsatisfied 35．An old man ________ on the side of the road was found ________, and he was sent to the hospital by the bus driver and passengers immediately. A．lies; dies B．lay; died C．lain; dead D．lying; dying 36．________ and nervous, I can’t concentrate on anything in the meeting. A．Embarrassing B．Embarrassed C．To embarrass D．Embarrass 37．—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River? —The Yangtze River. It is the third ________ river in the world. A．longer; long B．longest; long C．longest; longer D．longer; longest 38．My grandfather is ________ person I have ever known, for he keeps teaching me how to garden again and again. A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient 39．—________ you practise, ________ mistakes you will make. —Yes. Practice makes perfect. A．The more; the more B．Less; fewer C．The more; less D．The more; the fewer 40．I have no idea how to organize the event with ________ money and ________ people. A．less; fewer B．fewer; less C．fewer; more D．more; less 41．No clothes are ________ than those in Dream Clothes. The clothes there are ________ in our town. A．bad; bad B．the worst; worse C．worst; worse D．worse; the worst 42．There is ________ space for wildlife. As a result, there will be ________ rare birds in the world. A．fewer and fewer; less and less B．less and less; fewer and fewer C．more and more; less and less D．fewer and fewer; more and more 43．Shanghai is larger than ________ in China and ________ in Jiangsu Province. A．any of the other cities; any city B．other cities; the other cities C．the other cities; any other city D．any other city; other cities 44．—What do you think of Kunming No. 10 Middle School? —I think it is ________ than any other school, and the teachers work as ________ as bees. A．beautiful; hard B．more beautiful; harder C．beautiful; harder D．more beautiful; hard 45．He has a garden ________ flowers in it. A．is full of B．filled with C．full of D．B / C 46．It is raining ______ outside, and the weather will get even ______ in the afternoon. A．hard; bad B．hardly; badly C．hard; worse D．hardly; better 47．It is ________ for us to keep a balanced diet and exercise regularly every day. A．importance B．important C．importantly D．more importantly 48．I’m only ________ to meet you here! A．too pleased B．so pleased C．very pleased D．much pleased 49．The new library is ________ used by students because it provides modern learning tools. A．wide B．widely C．wider D．more widely 50．You’d better read the instructions ________ before you use the new machine. A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．much carefully 51．She listens to the teacher ________ of all the students. A．more careful B．the most careful C．more carefully D．the most carefully 52．Don’t let the child who is ________ go to school. A．so young as to B．not old enough to C．not old enough D．too young to 53．—Who listened to the teacher___________, Tom, Jack or Bill? —Bill. A．more carefully B．more careful C．most carefully D．most careful 54．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The concert was ________. A．incredibly loud B．incredibly loudly C．incredible loud D．incredible loudly 55．Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: He spoke ________ during the meeting. A．fluently B．fluent C．fluency D．fluently spoken 56．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The painting was ________. A．incredibly beautiful B．incredibly beauty C．incredible beautiful D．incredible beauty 57．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The sunset was ________. A．breathtakingly beautiful B．breathtaking beauty C．breathtaking beautiful D．breathtaking beautyfully 58．Linda speaks and all of us believe she will win the contest. A．good enough B．well enough C．enough good D．enough well 59．After hundreds of failed experiments, Tu Youyou and her team ________ discovered artemisinin, the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria (疟疾). A．success B．succeed C．successful D．successfully 60．You drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to ________. A．pick up B．picking up C．pick it up D．picking it up 61．The teacher was ___________ happy ___________ hear the news that White had been admitted to a university. A．too... to... B．so... that... C．not only... but also... D．such... that... 62．Sunday roast __________of roast meat, roast potatoes and vegetables is a traditional Britain main meal, __________ served on Sunday. A．consists; incredibly B．consisted; slightly C．consisted; originally D．consisting; typically 63．Tom is a difficult guy. All of my friends don’t like him, and _______. A．so do I B．so I do C．I don’t like him, too D．I don’t like him, either 64．The houses of rich and important people were very large and ______ decorated while poor people’s houses were smaller and plainer. A．beautifully B．beautiful C．beauty D．beautify 65．He felt ________ when ________ before his classmate. A．embarrassing; making fun B．embarrassing; to be made fun of C．embarrassed; made fun of D．embarrassed; being made fun 66．A __________ look could be noticed on the boy's face, __________ that it was hard to work out the maths problem. A．confused; suggesting B．confusing; suggesting C．confusing; suggested D．confused; suggested 67．The rescue team, mainly ______ local volunteers, tried to find the ______ child in the forest. A．was made up of; lost B．made up of; losing C．making up of; losing D．made up of; lost 68．At the back yard, we found the old fisherman _________ on a bench with a _________ face. A．seating; worrying B．seating; worried C．sitting; worrying D．seated; worried 69．All of audience were _________ by the _________ question _________ by a six-year-old boy. A．puzzled; puzzling; risen B．puzzling; puzzled; raised C．puzzled; puzzling; raised D．puzzled; puzzled; risen 70．In the students hall, we all remained , waiting for the professor to give a lecture. A．seating B．to seat C．seated D．seat 参考答案 一、 1．desperate/esperate 【解析】句意：在沙漠中迷路的人最渴望的是水。be desperate for表示“极度渴望”，故填desperate。 2．relevant/elevant 【解析】句意：他今天早上所说的话与上周日发生的那起事故有关。根据首字母r以及固定搭配be relevant to意为“与……有关”可知，此处使用形容词relevant，作表语。 3．evident/vident 【解析】句意：对我来说很明显他们没有这项工作的经验，因为他们做事很笨拙。根据首字母e以及句意可知，此处为形容词evident意为“明显的”，固定句型It is evident to sb. that...意为“对某人来说很明显……”。 4．Absorbed 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：约翰全神贯注地画画，没有注意到夜幕降临。be absorbed in为固定词组，意为“全神贯注于…”，此处用作状语，故用过去分词形式。填Absorbed。 5．grateful/rateful 【解析】句意：如果你给我一些帮助，我会非常感激。空白处在句子中作表语，使用形容词，根据“if you could give me some help(如果你给我一些帮助)”可知，空白处应填表示“感激的”含义的形容词，再根据首字母g提示，以g开头并表示“感激的”含义的形容词为grateful。 6．guilty/uilty 【解析】句意：在被告知不能在公园摘花后，两个女孩感到内疚，并承诺不再摘花。结合句意可知答案为guilty。 7．illegal/llegal 【解析】句意：未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。所填词以i开头且作表语，结合“read people’s private letters without permission”可知，未经许可阅读他人私人信件这种行为违法，形容词illegal表示“不合法的”，符合题意。 8．contemporary 【解析】句意：中国在过去遭受了很多苦难，在当今世界已经成长为一个强大的国家。world（名词）世界，形容词修饰名词，contemporary当代的，答案为contemporary。 9．all-round 【解析】句意：该制度不仅要注重儿童的学习，还要注重儿童的全面发展。all-round（形容词）全面的，修饰后面的名词，答案为all-round。 10．electronic/lectronic 【解析】句意：过多使用电子产品促进了儿童近视。products（名词）产品，形容词修饰名词，答案为electronic（电子的）。 11．temporary/emporary 【解析】句意：失业三个月之后，他决定找份临时工作养活自己。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知用形容词temporary，修饰名词job作定语。 12．tense/ense 【解析】句意：当我们在等待获胜者的名字在比赛中被宣布时，那些是紧张的时刻。结合句意可知答案为tense“紧张的”。 13．addicted/ddicted 【解析】考查形容词。句意：如果吸食强效可卡因，使用者将会上瘾。根据become可知系动词后跟形容词作表语，故填addicted。 14．convenient/onvenient 【解析】考查形容词。句意：秘书为所有申请人安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。 convenient 为形容词修饰名词time 。故填 convenient。 15．brief/rief 【解析】考查形容词。句意：要求学生写一个简短的描述，不超过80个字。brief“简短的”，形容词，修饰名词description。故填brief。 16．embarrassed/mbarrassed 【解析】句意：听到人们在公共场合说他坏话，他感到很尴尬。此处缺少形容词作表语，修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到……的”，故填 embarrassed。 17．depressed/epressed 【解析】句意：玛丽对整体情况感到非常沮丧和不安。根据upset判断此处表示“沮丧的”，故填depressed。 18．religious/eligious 【解析】句意：圣诞节起源于世界各地的基督徒庆祝的一个宗教节日。根据Christians判断此处表示“宗教的”，故填religious。 19．physical/hysical 【解析】句意：这份痛苦已经影响到了她的身心健康。and前后构成并列，mental health表示“心理健康”，对应physical health“身体健康”；physical为形容词修饰名词health。 20．exhausted/xhausted 【解析】句意：她总是度过忙碌的一天，午夜到家，彻底地精疲力竭。根据首字母e，并结合“gets home at midnight”可知，她午夜才到家会导致疲惫的状况，exhausted作形容词，意为“精疲力竭的”。 21．anxiously/nxiously 【解析】句意：许多人焦急地在医院外等候，希望得到龙岩公交车事故伤者的进一步信息。根据首字母和句意可知答案为anxiously。 22．cheerfully/heerfully 【解析】句意：杨先生高兴地告诉西蒙，他做得很好，他应该继续这样做。所填词作状语修饰动词told，要填副词；结合“he had done a good job”可知，由于杨先生在表扬西蒙，杨先生心情不错；所填词以c开头，副词cheerfully意为“高兴地”，符合题干要求。 23．Personally/ersonally 【解析】考查副词。句意：就我个人而言，我不在乎我能从音乐中得到什么。我就是喜欢音乐。Personally“就本人而言”为副词，置于句首修饰整个句子。故填Personally。 24．eventually/ventually 【解析】句意：这是一段很长的旅程，但我们最终到达了目的地。此处修饰动词arrived，应用副词作状语，根据首字母和句意可知是eventually。 25．otherwise/therwise 【解析】句意：按照要求做，否则你就会遇到麻烦的。根据表示“否则”，用副词otherwise作状语修饰句子。 26．eventually/ventually 【解析】考查副词。句意：她努力了一阵子，但最终还是厌烦这么努力了。句子主干成分完整，故用副词修饰句子。eventually最后，终于。故填eventually 27．visually/isually 【解析】考查副词。句意：一些狗被训练是来帮助视力受损的人。修饰形容词，填副词visually，be visually impaired意为“视力受损的”。 28．particularly/articularly 【解析】句意：随着珠海“长隆海洋王国”的兴起，更多的本地就业机会将被创造出来，尤其是服务业。该空修饰介词短语，用副词，所以填particularly。 29．entirely/ntirely 【解析】考查副词作状语。句意：大地震后，这个村庄被彻底摧毁了。分析句子可知，本空在句中作状语，修饰动词destroy，修饰动词要用副词，因此填副词entirely。 30．finally/inally 【解析】句意：长江穿过丘陵与峡谷，最终流入东海。根据提示的首字母f以及句意可知，此处为副词finally，修饰后面的动词enters。 二、 31．C 【解析】句意：我们期待已久的那部电影其实并不精彩，这让我们非常失望。第一空引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词the movie为物，用关系代词which/that作引导词；第二空使用形容词作宾补，此处对us进行补充说明，故使用disappointed，表示“感到失望的”，disappointing表示“令人感到失望的”修饰物。 32．D 【解析】句意：在校会上，校长建议教师接受继续教育以跟上最新的发展。A. farther更远的；late迟的；B. farther更远的；latest最新的；C. further进一步的；late迟的；D. further进一步的；latest最新的。根据句中“education”可知，further education为固定搭配，表示“继续教育”，再结合“catch up with”可知，要跟上最新的发展，使用latest。 33．B 【解析】句意：我们的新教室比旧教室大得多。此处为两者相比，用形容词比较级，big的比较级为bigger，且修饰比较级需用much、even、far、a lot等程度副词，very只能修饰形容词原级，不能修饰比较级。 34．C 【解析】句意：一个好故事不一定非得有一个大团圆的结局，但绝不能让读者感到不满意。此处考查固定搭配leave sb. + adj.，意为“使某人处于某种状态”，其被动语态为sb. be left + adj.，此处需填入形容词作补语。unsatisfying意为“令人不满意的”，通常修饰事物；unsatisfied意为“感到不满意的”，通常修饰人。此处主语the reader指人，表示读者感到不满意，应使用unsatisfied。 35．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：一位躺在路边的老人被发现奄奄一息，公交车司机和乘客们立即把他送往了医院。第一空处，句子已有谓语动词was found，且没有连词，故此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰An old man。动词lie（躺）与逻辑主语An old man之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词lying。第二空处，考查“find+宾语+宾语补足语”的被动结构，此处需填入形容词作主语补足语，表示主语的状态。老人被紧急送医，说明是处于濒死状态而非已经死亡，故使用形容词dying（奄奄一息的）。 36．B 【解析】句意：我感到尴尬和紧张，无法集中精力参加会议。A. Embarrassing令人尴尬的(修饰事物)；B. Embarrassed感到尴尬的(修饰人)；C. To embarrass动词不定式；D. Embarrass使尴尬(动词原形)。此处作伴随状语，与后面的形容词nervous并列，描述主语‌“I”的感受，用-ed形容词embarrassed，表示‌“感到尴尬的”。 37．D 【解析】句意：——长江和黄河哪条河更长？——长江。它是世界上第三长的河流。分析句子可知，第一空：句中是长江、黄河两者进行比较，要用形容词比较级 longer。第二空：固定结构 the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 表示“第几最……的”，此处表示“世界第三长河”，要用最高级longest。 38．D 【解析】句意：我的祖父是我认识的最有耐心的人，因为他一遍又一遍地教我如何园艺。根据‌比较范围“I have ever known”可知，此处表示‌“我认识的人中最有耐心的”，应使用形容词最高级形式，即the most patient。 39．D 【解析】句意：——你练习得越多，你犯的错误就会越少。——是的。熟能生巧。固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”；根据句子语境和“Practice makes perfect”的含义，可知练习越多，错误应该越少，所以第一空用“The more”；“mistakes”是可数名词复数，用“fewer”修饰，“less”修饰不可数名词，所以第二空用“the fewer”。 40．A 【解析】句意：我不知道该如何用更少的钱和更少的人来组织这次活动。第一个空修饰不可数名词money，表示“更少的钱”，应用little的比较级less；第二个空修饰可数名词复数people，表示“更少的人”，应用few的比较级fewer。more表示“更多的”，意思不合适。 41．D 【解析】句意：没有衣服比Dream Clothes店的衣服更差。那里的衣服在我们镇上是最差的。bad形容词原形；worse比较级；the worst最高级。第一空前有than，表示比较，需用比较级“worse”；第二空后有in our town，表示范围，需用最高级the worst。 42．B 【解析】句意：野生动物的空间越来越少。结果，世界上稀有鸟类将会越来越少。fewer and fewer越来越少，修饰可数名词复数；less and less越来越少；more and more越来越多，可修饰可数或不可数名词。根据“There is…space for wildlife. As a result, there will be…rare birds in the world.”的语境以及常识可知，此处指野生动物的空间越来越少，世界上稀有鸟类将会越来越少，根据“space（空间）”是不可数名词，第一空需用“less and less”；“rare birds”为可数名词复数，故用“fewer and fewer”。 43．A 【解析】句意：上海比中国其他任何城市都大，也比江苏省的任何城市都大。表示“同一范围”比较，用any other+单数名词，the other+复数名词，any of the other+复数名词；表示“不同范围”比较，用any+单数名词。此题中上海属于中国，所以是“同一范围”，用“any of the other cities”或者“the other cities”都可以；而上海不属于江苏省，所以是“不同范围”，只能用any city。 44．D 【解析】句意：——你觉得昆明第十中学怎么样？——我认为它比其他任何学校都漂亮，而且老师们像蜜蜂一样努力工作。根据than可知，第一空应填比较级more beautiful；as…as中间接形容词或副词原级，第二空修饰动词work，应填副词原级hard。 45．D 【解析】句意：他有一个花园，里面有很多花。A. is full of充满，通常作表语；B. filled with充满，为过去分词短语，可用作定语；C. full of充满，一般作后置定语。句子已有谓语动词has，所以A选项排除；B、C选项在此处都可以作定语修饰名词garden。 46．C 【解析】句意：外面雨下得很大，而且下午天气会变得更糟。第一空修饰动词rain，表示“雨下得大”应用副词hard，hardly意为“几乎不”，不符合语境；第二空作表语，应用形容词，且空前有程度副词even修饰，其后应接形容词比较级，结合语境表示天气变得“更糟”，应用bad的比较级worse。 47．B 【解析】句意：均衡饮食、每日规律锻炼对我们来说很重要。此处为固定句型：It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，is是系动词，后面需要形容词作表语。 48．A 【解析】句意：在这里见到你我太高兴了！空前有only，only too为固定搭配，表示“非常”，相当于very，此处表示“非常高兴见到你”。 49．B 【解析】句意：新图书馆被学生广泛使用，因为它提供了现代化学习设备。此处修饰动词used，应用副词widely作状语，意为“广泛地”，句中无比较含义，不用比较级。 50．B 【解析】句意：使用新机器前你最好仔细阅读说明书。设空处修饰动词read用副词carefully，意为“仔细地”。D选项中much通常与副词的比较级连用，不与原级连用。 51．D 【解析】考查比较级和最高级。句意：在所有学生中，她最认真地听老师讲课。根据of all the students可知，空处应用最高级；根据前文She listens to the teacher可知，空处应用副词carefully的最高级形式，修饰动词listens。carefully最高级形式为the most carefully。故选D项。 52．C 【解析】考查形容词和副词。句意：不要让年龄不够大的孩子上学。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who引导的定语从句。is后接形容词old作表语，enough修饰形容词放在形容词之后。故选C项。 53．C 【解析】考查副词最高级。句意：——谁最认真地听老师讲课，汤姆，杰克还是比尔？——比尔。根据句意可知，这里是三个人之间的比较，应该用最高级，修饰动词应该用副词修饰，carefully的最高级在副词前加most。故选C项。 54．A 【解析】考查副词和形容词。句意：音乐会的声音大得令人难以置信。根据was可知，空处应用形容词作表语，应用表示“大声的”形容词loud，而loudly是副词，意为“大声地”。修饰形容词loud应用副词incredibly。故选A项。 55．A 【解析】考查副词。句意：选择正确的状语短语完成句子：他在会议上讲得很流利。A. fluently流利地；B. fluent流利的；C. fluency流利；D.fluently spoken流利地说 。分析句子，句中使用副词作状语。故选A。 56．A 【解析】考查形容词和副词。句意：选择正确的形容词短语完成句子：这幅画美得令人难以置信。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，beautiful为形容词，意为“漂亮的”；incredibly为副词，意为“难以置信地”，其为副词修饰形容词作状语。故选A。 57．A 【解析】考查副词、形容词。句意：选择正确的形容词短语来完成句子：日落是惊人的美丽。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做表语表示属性，使用形容词beautiful，因修饰形容词beautiful需使用副词breathtakingly“惊人地”，且置于形容词前，故选A项。 58．B 【解析】考查副词。句意：琳达说得很好，我们都相信她会赢得比赛。修饰动词speak应用副词well，enough“足够”修饰副词时放在副词之后，故选B。 59．D 【解析】考查副词。句意：经过数百次失败的实验，屠呦呦和她的团队成功地发现了青蒿素，这是世界上最有效的抗疟疾药物。此处应用副词successfully作状语，修饰动词discovered，故选D。 60．C 【解析】考查固定短语、代词和不定式。句意：你掉了垃圾，却懒得捡起来。not be bothered to do sth.“懒得做某事”，故本题to后用动词原形，故排除选项B和选项C。代词应位于短语中间，故填pick it up，其中it指代上文的a piece of litter。故选C。 61．A 【解析】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意：听到怀特被大学录取的消息，老师太高兴了。A.too... to...太……以至于（不能）……；B.so... that... 如此……以致……；C.not only... but also... 不仅……而且……；D.such... that...如此……以致……。第一个设空处为副词的形式修饰形容词表示“非常”应用too；第二个设空处的结构为“be +adj+to do sth”形容词happy后面可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况等。故选A。 62．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词和副词。句意：周日烤肉由烤肉、烤土豆和蔬菜组成，是英国传统的主菜，通常在周日供应。A. consists; incredibly由……组成；令人难以置信地；B. consisted; slightly由……组成；稍微；C. consisted; originally由……组成；起初；D.consisting; typically由……组成；通常。is是动词，空格1需要作后置定语，被修饰名词Sunday roast和动词consist之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词的现在分词形式；空格2修饰过去分词served，作状语，应用副词形式，结合句意“通常”是 typically。故选D项。 63．D 【解析】考查副词。句意：汤姆是个难相处的人。我所有的朋友都不喜欢他，我也不喜欢他。分析句子结构，这是一个否定句，因副词so与副词too不能用于否定句，所以A项、B项与C项均错误，D项“I don’t like him, either(我也不喜欢他)”表达的含义符合语境，且either能用于否定句，表示“也……”，故选D项。 64．A 【解析】考查副词。句意：富人和重要人物的房子非常大，装饰得很漂亮，而穷人的房子则更小，更朴素。A. beautifully漂亮地（副词）；B. beautiful漂亮的（形容词）；C. beauty漂亮（名词）；D. beautify使美丽（动词）。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词decorated，所以此处使用副词beautifully，意为“漂亮地”，符合句意。故选A项。 65．C 【解析】句意：当在同学面前被取笑时，他感到很尴尬。第一空表示人的主观感受，应用形容词embarrassed“感到尴尬的”作表语；第二空考查固定短语make fun of sb.“取笑某人”，当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且谓语含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。从句逻辑主语he与make fun of之间是被动关系，完整的从句为when he was made fun of，省略主语和be动词后保留过去分词made fun of。 66．A 【解析】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：从男孩的脸上可以看出一种困惑的表情，表明这道数学题很难解。分析第一个空：“confused”表示 “感到困惑的”，通常用来形容人或人的表情、眼神等，强调内心的感受；“confusing”表示“令人困惑的”，常用来形容事物，说明该事物让人感到困惑。这里修饰 “look”（表情），是说男孩脸上露出困惑的表情，所以用 “confused”。分析第二个空：“suggesting”是现在分词作状语，在这里表示一种伴随的情况，逻辑主语是 “a confused look”，“a confused look”与“suggest”（表明）之间是主动关系，即这种困惑的表情表明解出这道数学题很难，所以用现在分词“suggesting”。故选A项。 67．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：这支主要由当地志愿者组成的救援队，试图在森林里寻找那个迷路的孩子。第一个空，此处需要填入非谓语动词作定语，修饰The rescue team，与主语是被动关系，使用过去分词形式，即made up of；第二部分填空需要填入一个形容词修饰child，表示“迷路的孩子”。故选D。 68．D 【解析】考查过去分词和形容词。句意：在后院，我们发现那位老渔夫坐在长椅上，脸上带着忧虑的表情。第一空为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，seat为及物动词，与宾语the old fisherman之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词seated作宾补；sit为不及物动词，与宾语the old fisherman之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式sitting作宾语；第二空为形容词作定语修饰名词faced，需要使用worried来描述老渔夫的表情，表示“感到担忧的”，而worrying意为“令人担忧的”不符合语境。故选D项。 69．C 【解析】考查形容词和过去分词的用法。句意：所有的观众都被一个六岁男孩提出的令人困惑的问题难住了。第一空，puzzle与主语All of audience之间是被动关系，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与空前的were构成一般过去时的被动语态；第二空为形容词作定语修饰question，表示“令人困惑的”，使用形容词puzzling；第三空为非谓语动词作定语，此处表示“提出”的raise，与被修饰词question之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作后置定语。故选C项。 70．C 【解析】考查形容词。句意：在学生大厅里，我们都坐着等待教授来讲课。remain为系动词“仍然是”，空处为句子的表语部分，此处描述人们处于坐着的状态。seated为seat的过去分词，也可用作形容词，表示“就坐的”。故选C。 一、阅读理解 A At its 20th regular meeting in India’s capital, a UNESCO committee decided to move China’s “Hezhen Yimakan storytelling” (赫哲族的“伊玛堪说唱”) from the Urgent (急需的) Protection List to the World Representative List of Intangible (非物质) Cultural Heritage. In recognition of the great progress made in preserving this tradition, the committee also decided to include the protection program for Hezhen Yimakan storytelling in the Register of Good Protection Practices. This achievement marks a successful transition of a heritage project into the representative list. It’s also the first example of a project that has been transitioned and added to the Register of Good Protection Practices at the same time. China now has 45 projects included in UNESCO intangible cultural heritage lists, the highest number of entries of any country in the world. The Hezhe people live in the Heilong‑Songhua‑Ussuri‑River region of northeastern China. With a population of just over 5,000, they are among China’s smallest ethnic (民族的) groups. Yimakan storytelling is a rich oral tradition that has been passed down through generations. It is performed in the Hezhe language. It mixes spoken stories with singing to share the history, hero tales, fishing and hunting life, traditions, and values of the Hezhe people. This tradition plays a key role in recording history, educating future generations, and providing fun. Since it was added to the Urgent Protection List in 2011, many have synergized to help this tradition. Community members, artists, schools, cultural centers, and government bodies have all made efforts to make sure it stays alive and becomes better known. In December 2023, China sent a report to UNESCO about how this cultural heritage was being protected, and asked to move it to the Representative List. In December 2024, the committee reviewed and agreed with the report. They praised China’s efforts and encouraged people to keep doing and pass it on, stressing that the local community should take part in protecting it. 1．What led UNESCO to move Hezhen Yimakan storytelling to the Representative List? A．It no longer faces any risk of disappearing. B．Its protection had produced remarkable results. C．It had become popular in neighboring countries. D．It had been adapted into a modern performance style. 2．What function does Yimakan storytelling mainly serve for the Hezhe people? A．It helps keep their language from dying out. B．It takes the place of written historical records. C．It records their history and passes on their values. D．It attracts tourists and supports the local economy. 3．What does the underlined word “synergized” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Observed actively. B．Taught carefully. C．Controlled seriously. D．Work jointly. 4．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To highlight UNESCO’s recognition for China’s efforts. B．To show the strict standards for UNESCO heritage lists. C．To compare China’s heritage protection with other countries’. D．To emphasize the importance of local community participation. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了赫哲族伊玛堪说唱被联合国教科文组织从急需保护名录转入代表作名录，及其保护成果、文化价值与多方协作的保护实践。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“At its 20th regular meeting in India’s capital, a UNESCO committee decided to move China’s “Hezhen Yimakan storytelling” (赫哲族的“伊玛堪说唱”) from the Urgent (急需的) Protection List to the World Representative List of Intangible (非物质) Cultural Heritage. In recognition of the great progress made in preserving this tradition, the committee also decided to include the protection program for Hezhen Yimakan storytelling in the Register of Good Protection Practices. (在印度首都举行的第20届常会上，联合国教科文组织委员会决定将中国的“赫哲族伊玛堪说唱”从急需保护名录转移到世界非物质文化遗产代表作名录。鉴于在保护这一传统方面取得的巨大进展，委员会还决定将赫哲族伊玛堪说唱的保护项目列入优秀保护实践名录)”可知，联合国教科文组织将其转入代表作名录是因为其保护工作取得了显著成效。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“It mixes spoken stories with singing to share the history, hero tales, fishing and hunting life, traditions, and values of the Hezhe people. This tradition plays a key role in recording history, educating future generations, and providing fun. (它将口头故事与歌唱结合，分享赫哲族的历史、英雄传说、渔猎生活、传统和价值观。这一传统在记录历史、教育后代和提供娱乐方面发挥关键作用。)”可知，伊玛堪说唱对赫哲族的主要功能是记录赫哲族的历史并传承他们的价值观。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Since it was added to the Urgent Protection List in 2011, many have synergized to help this tradition. Community members, artists, schools, cultural centers, and government bodies have all made efforts to make sure it stays alive and becomes better known. (自2011年被列入急需保护名录以来，许多人已经synergized来帮助这一传统。社区成员、艺术家、学校、文化中心和政府部门都付出了努力，确保它存活并被更多人知晓。)”可知，多方力量共同付出努力，因此synergized意为“协同合作、共同工作”，与Work jointly意义相近。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In December 2024, the committee reviewed and agreed with the report. They praised China’s efforts and encouraged people to keep doing and pass it on, stressing that the local community should take part in protecting it. (2024年12月，委员会审议并认可了该报告。他们赞扬了中国的努力，并鼓励人们继续传承下去，强调当地社区应参与保护。)”可知，整段主要讲述了中国向UNESCO提交保护报告后，委员会审查并同意了该报告，并赞扬了中国的努力，所以该段的主要目的是突出强调UNESCO对中国在保护文化遗产方面所做努力的认可与肯定。 B On a snowy morning in Stockholm, the Candela C‑8 looks like a standard speedboat. Once it picks up speed, something extraordinary happens: the hull (船体) lifts entirely out of the water, “flying” half a meter above the surface. This is the new generation of electric hydrofoils (水翼船). They are ideal for urban transport, says Gustav Hasselskog, the founder of Candela technology company. They are quiet, emission‑free and cheap to run — the C‑8’s cost per mile is about 5% of that of a traditional speedboat. In many cities, to reduce the disturbance caused by large waves, boats are usually speed‑limited. Hydrofoils, however, cause almost no wave and thus travel faster. Hasselskog believes they could reshape urban transport by shifting traffic from blocked roads to underused waterways, which he terms “blue highways”. The Candela C‑8 is supported by three thin, red struts (支柱), which are linked to two underwater wings that turn forward motion into lift. By lifting the hull out of the water, the boat reduces drag by as much as 80 percent, saving a huge amount of energy. Sensors around the boat measure waves and control systems adjust the wings 100 times a second, providing such a solid, smooth ride that the boat feels as though it is on rails. The power needed to drive a hydrofoil varies directly with its mass, so minimizing a hull’s overall weight is also of importance. The wings must be small enough to reduce drag and strong enough to bear the boat’s weight. The solution is to borrow from aerospace and motor racing, and use carbon fiber. As for motors, Candela now has a partnership with makers of electric vehicles, allowing electric boats to use standard fast‑chargers designed for cars. The potential impact is significant with nearly half of the world’s population living in coastal regions where cities are often stuck in traffic. While large traditional public boats will still be needed for heavy routes, on short passenger‑only routes in cities, electric hydrofoils may be about to take off. 5．What is Gustav Hasselskog’s main expectation for the Candela C‑8? A．To cut down the cost of sea travelling. B．To help develop local coastal tourism. C．To improve urban transportation patterns. D．To push for more road construction projects. 6．What contributes most to the Candela C‑8’s high energy‑saving performance? A．Its three thin red struts. B．Its underwater wings. C．Its surrounding sensors. D．Its energy supply system. 7．What can we learn about large traditional public boats from the last paragraph? A．They still have their place on heavy‑duty routes. B．They are more promising than electric hydrofoils. C．They ought to be gradually replaced by new boats. D．Their technical performance needs improving badly. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Carbon Fiber: Material for Hydrofoil Construction B．Conventional Speedboats: Drawbacks and High Costs C．Candela C‑8: Perfect Choice for Heavy‑Duty Shipping D．Electric Hydrofoils: New Hope for Urban Traffic Jams 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了电动水翼船Candela C‑8的工作原理、节能优势及其重塑城市交通、缓解拥堵的巨大潜力。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hasselskog believes they could reshape urban transport by shifting traffic from blocked roads to underused waterways, which he terms “blue highways”. (Hasselskog相信它们能够通过将交通从拥堵的道路转移到未被充分利用的水道上，从而重塑城市交通，他称之为“蓝色高速公路”)”可知，他的主要期望是改善城市交通模式。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Candela C‑8 is supported by three thin, red struts (支柱), which are linked to two underwater wings that turn forward motion into lift. By lifting the hull out of the water, the boat reduces drag by as much as 80 percent, saving a huge amount of energy. (Candela C‑8由三根细长的红色支柱支撑，这些支柱连接着两个水下机翼，将前进运动转化为升力。通过将船体抬离水面，船只减少了多达80%的阻力，节省了大量能源)”可知，正是水下机翼产生升力、抬起船体从而大幅降低阻力实现节能。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“While large traditional public boats will still be needed for heavy routes, on short passenger‑only routes in cities, electric hydrofoils may be about to take off. (虽然在重载航线上仍需要大型传统公共船只，但在城市的短途纯客运航线上，电动水翼船可能即将兴起)”可知，大型传统公共船只在重载航线上仍有其存在价值/位置。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第二段“Hasselskog believes they could reshape urban transport by shifting traffic from blocked roads to underused waterways, which he terms “blue highways”. (Hasselskog相信它们能够通过将交通从拥堵的道路转移到未被充分利用的水道上，从而重塑城市交通，他称之为“蓝色高速公路”)”以及最后一段对电动水翼船解决城市交通拥堵的前景介绍可知，文章围绕电动水翼船有望缓解城市交通拥堵展开，所以“电动水翼：城市交通拥堵的新希望”适合作为文章标题。 C Scientists have long believed that plants are silent living things, unable to send out sounds when they suffer physical damage or resource shortage. Yet a recent research carried out by a group of plant biologists has overturned this common idea. The team set up sensitive (灵敏的) recording devices inside a lab to collect hidden biological signals from common crops like tomato and tobacco plants. When plants were short of water or suffered cuts on their stems (茎), they produced ultrasonic (超声的) clicks continuously. These sounds are far beyond the frequency that human ears can catch, so people cannot hear them directly in daily life. With highly sensitive special microphones, researchers managed to record and analyze these faint (微弱的) noises accurately. Further repeated experiments showed that the number of clicks changed obviously according to different living conditions. Dehydrated (脱水的) tomato plants made far more clicking sounds than well-watered and healthy ones. The scientists also found that different kinds of environmental stress could lead to distinct sound patterns. This discovery suggested that plants might be giving away information about their health state through these ultrasonic noises. At present, the research is still at its initial (初步的) stage. It is too early to confirm whether other creatures in nature can receive and respond to such plant sounds. Nevertheless, the finding offers promising practical value for modern farming. In the future, farmers may use special equipment to monitor crop conditions in real time. Instead of checking every field in person, they can judge drought damage and growth problems simply by listening to these special plant signals. This could greatly improve the efficiency of agricultural supervision (监管). 9．What is the new discovery of the plant biologists? A．Human ears can hear plants’ soft sounds. B．Plants can produce ultrasonic clicks under stress. C．Tomato plants recover quickly after getting water. D．Tobacco plants are less sensitive to water shortage. 10．What does the underlined word “giving away” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Hiding. B．Explaining. C．Revealing. D．Correcting. 11．What can we learn about the present-day research? A．It has been widely applied on farms. B．It has already solved crop-growing problems. C．It proves animals react to plant sounds. D．It still needs further exploration. 12．What benefit may the finding bring to agriculture in the future? A．Farmers can monitor crop health more efficiently. B．Farmers can reduce the kinds of farm crops. C．Crops will no longer suffer from water shortage. D．Crops will send audible warning sounds automatically. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了最新研究推翻植物无声的传统认知，植物受胁迫会发出超声波反映健康状态，该发现有望提升农业监测效率。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“When plants were short of water or suffered cuts on their stems, they produced ultrasonic clicks continuously.(当植物缺水或茎部受损时，它们会不断发出超声波咔嗒声。)”可知，植物在面临缺水或受损等压力时会发出超声波信号。 10．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Further repeated experiments showed that the number of clicks changed obviously according to different living conditions. Dehydrated (脱水的) tomato plants made far more clicking sounds than well-watered and healthy ones. The scientists also found that different kinds of environmental stress could lead to distinct sound patterns.(进一步的重复实验表明，不同生活条件下“咔嗒”声的数量变化明显：脱水的番茄植株发出的声响远多于水分充足且健康的植株。科学家还发现，不同类型环境胁迫会导致不同的声音模式。)”可知，处于脱水状态的番茄发出的声音远多于水分充足的健康番茄，且不同的环境压力会导致不同的声音模式。由此推断，植物可能是通过这些超声波噪音来“揭示”其健康状态的信息。划线短语giving away意为“泄露，暴露”，与C选项Revealing（揭示，透露）意思最接近。 11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“At present, the research is still at its initial (初步的) stage. It is too early to confirm whether other creatures in nature can receive and respond to such plant sounds.(目前，该研究还处于起步阶段。现在确认自然界中的其他生物是否能接收到这种植物的声音并作出反应还为时过早。)”可推知，该研究目前仍需要进一步的探索和完善。 12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句“Instead of checking every field in person, they can judge drought damage and growth problems simply by listening to these special plant signals. This could greatly improve the efficiency of agricultural supervision.(农民无需亲自检查每一块田地，只需通过倾听这些特殊的植物信号，就能判断旱灾和生长问题。这可以大大提高农业监管的效率。)”可推知，这项发现未来能帮助农民更高效地监控作物的健康状况。 D When we look at traditional Chinese art and classical Western art, we are faced with two valuable yet very different systems of artistic expression. Each has developed under its own cultural background and carries special ideas about the world. Traditional Chinese brush paintings attach great importance to symbolism and harmony. Rooted in ancient Chinese philosophy, Chinese landscape works seldom aim to copy real scenery exactly. Instead, they try to show people’s inner spiritual connection with nature. Time seems to stand still inside these ink-washed (水墨的) mountains and rivers. Artists are not simply recording what they see; they are conveying (传达) quiet thought and wisdom. Classical Western art, especially works from the Renaissance (文艺复兴), follows a path of realism (现实主义). Western painters devoted themselves to detailed description. With skilled control of light and shadow, they built up a three-dimensional visual effect. Many of their masterpieces (杰作) record historical events or honour human achievement. Their goal is to freeze a specific moment of reality on the canvas. Some people argue that one style is better than the other. Actually, neither should be judged by the standards of the other. Chinese ink landscapes are not failures for lacking sharp details; Western realistic works are not superior just because of their lifelike appearance. These differences come from how each culture understands humans and the universe. It is unwise to rank them. By appreciating both forms of art, viewers can get a fuller view of human creative power. 13．What is a major feature of traditional Chinese brush paintings? A．They record real-life historical events in detail. B．They stress the spiritual link between humans and nature. C．They apply light-shadow skills to create 3D effects. D．They copy natural scenery with extreme accuracy. 14．What can we learn about Renaissance-era Western paintings? A．They attempt to preserve certain moments of reality. B．They focus on timeless inner thinking. C．They are created mainly with ink and water. D．They prefer to show quiet wisdom in mountains. 15．What opinion does the author hold concerning the two art forms? A．Chinese art should learn from Western realistic skills. B．Western classical art is obviously of higher value. C．Cultural differences in art will gradually disappear. D．We ought not to set up a single standard to judge them. 16．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A．The Rise and Fall of Traditional Chinese Ink Paintings B．Why Western Realism Changed Renaissance Art C．Comparing Two Distinct Artistic Traditions D．How Cultural Background Ruins Art Creation 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 【解析】这篇文章对比了中西传统艺术的风格差异与文化根源，指出二者无优劣之分，不应互相评判，应兼容并蓄地欣赏。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Instead, they try to show people’s inner spiritual connection with nature.(相反，它们试图展示人们与自然的内在精神联系。)”可知，中国传统水墨画的一个主要特征是强调人与自然的精神纽带。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Their goal is to freeze a specific moment of reality on the canvas.(它们的目标是将现实的特定时刻定格在画布上。)”可知，文艺复兴时期的西方绘画试图保存现实生活中的某些瞬间。 15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Actually, neither should be judged by the standards of the other.(实际上，任何一方都不应以另一方的标准来评判。)”以及“It is unwise to rank them.(给它们分高低是不明智的。)”可推知，作者认为这两种艺术各有千秋，我们不应该用单一的标准去评判它们。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出了中国传统艺术和西方古典艺术这两种不同的艺术体系，第二、三段分别详细阐述了中国水墨画和西方古典绘画的特点与追求，最后一段总结指出这两种艺术源于不同的文化背景，应同时欣赏两者的美。因此，C选项“Comparing Two Distinct Artistic Traditions(比较两种截然不同的艺术传统)”最能准确概括全文内容，适合作为文章标题。 二、完形填空 Growing up, I thought my life was unremarkable. My childhood was marked by a lack of friendships, and even when I formed them, I 17 to maintain them, often letting them fade (淡去) as the school year progressed. This difficulty 18 in high school, despite my improvement from a C average to A grades. My classmates increasingly asked for my academic help, which left me 19 : Even though I really valued being 20 , I worried my identity depended only on being the “Smart Kid”. Later, I started to push myself outside of my comfort zone. I decided to try things I’d never done before. However, when I failed on my first 21 , I convinced myself that I’d never 22 a goal. It was the same thing that happened when I tried making 23 . Once the good days of the friendship came to a(n) 24 , we’d grow distant, and I wouldn’t bother to 25 , because I didn’t know the meaning of trying. Performing well 26 gave me a sense of achievement I hadn’t experienced before. However, this reliance made me more 27 of failure, eventually holding back my personal growth. Determined to 28 , I tried again. Although I wasn’t as 29 outside my comfort zone, I improved over time. Exploring new 30 opened me to new and different possibilities. I learned I could be more than what I had expected of myself. I 31 to keep experiencing what life had to offer. 17．A．struggled B．refused C．hesitated D．managed 18．A．declined B．happened C．continued D．appeared 19．A．fascinated B．abandoned C．exhausted D．conflicted 20．A．charming B．reliable C．noisy D．flexible 21．A．routine B．application C．attempt D．performance 22．A．cancel B．achieve C．treasure D．obey 23．A．friends B．money C．plans D．progress 24．A．conclusion B．agreement C．realization D．end 25．A．show up B．give in C．work out D．reach out 26．A．academically B．scientifically C．mentally D．socially 27．A．short B．fond C．fearful D．proud 28．A．speed B．skip C．mature D．change 29．A．well-informed B．successful C．cautious D．self-centered 30．A．cultures B．activities C．emotions D．items 31．A．desired B．seemed C．failed D．hated 【答案】 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．B 31．A 【解析】作者讲述自己成长过程中不擅长维系友谊，高中成绩优异却陷入身份认知的矛盾，走出舒适区遭遇失败后陷入消极，后来下定决心改变，重新不断尝试，最终突破自我，渴望去体验生活赋予的种种可能。 17．考查动词。句意：我的童年缺少友谊，即便交到朋友，我也很难维持，常常随着学年的推进就让情谊慢慢淡去。A. struggled努力，挣扎，艰难地做；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. managed设法完成。根据上文“My childhood was marked by a lack of friendships”可知，作者童年缺少朋友，即便建立了友谊，维持友谊也十分费力。 18．考查动词。句意：尽管我的成绩从平均C提升到A，但这种困境在高中仍在继续。A. declined下降；B. happened发生；C. continued继续；D. appeared出现。根据上文“My childhood was marked by a lack of friendships, and even when I formed them, I _______ to maintain them, often letting them fade (淡去) as the school year progressed.”可知，作者童年面临难以维系友谊的难题，本句despite表让步，说明该问题到高中依旧存在。 19．考查形容词。句意：同学们越来越多地找我寻求学业上的帮助，这让我内心矛盾：虽然我很看重被别人依靠，但又担心自己的身份仅仅只是“聪明的孩子”。A. fascinated着迷的；B. abandoned被抛弃的；C. exhausted疲惫的；D. conflicted矛盾的。根据后文“Even though I really valued being ______, I worried my identity depended only on being the “Smart Kid””两种对立的心理，可知作者内心相互矛盾。 20．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. charming迷人的；B. reliable可依靠的；C. noisy吵闹的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“My classmates increasingly asked for my academic help”可知，同学们经常找作者寻求学业帮助，说明作者在他人眼中是值得依靠的人。 21．考查名词。句意：然而，当我的第一次尝试失败时，我说服自己永远实现不了目标。A. routine惯例；B. application申请；C. attempt尝试；D. performance表演。根据上文“I decided to try things I’d never done before.”可知，作者决定尝试从未做过的事情，此处指第一次尝试就失败。 22．考查动词。句意：同上。A. cancel取消；B. achieve实现；C. treasure珍惜；D. obey遵守。根据空后“a goal”可知，失败后作者产生消极想法，认为自己达不到目标，achieve a goal是固定搭配，意为“实现目标”。 23．考查名词。句意：当我试着交朋友的时候，同样的事情也发生了。A. friends朋友；B. money金钱；C. plans计划；D. progress进步。根据下文“Once the good days of the friendship”提到友谊，可知这里指交朋友。 24．考查名词。句意：一旦友谊的美好时光结束，我们就会变得疏远，而我也懒得主动联系，因为我不懂努力争取的意义。A. conclusion结论；B. agreement协议；C. realization领悟；D. end末尾。根据下文“we’d grow distant”可知，此处指友谊美好的阶段落幕后就会变疏远，come to an end为固定短语，表示“结束”。 25．考查动词短语。句意：同上。A. show up露面；B. give in屈服；C. work out算出，解决；D. reach out主动联系。根据上文“we’d grow distant”和下文“because I didn’t know the meaning of trying”可知，友谊变淡疏远，作者不会主动去联络维系感情。 26．考查副词。句意：学业上表现出色给了我从未体验过的成就感。A. academically学业上地；B. scientifically科学地；C. mentally精神上地；D. socially社交上地。根据第三段中的“my improvement from a C average to A grades”和“My classmates increasingly asked for my academic help”可知，作者成绩优异，同学找他学业求助，所以成就感来源于学业方面。 27．考查形容词。句意：然而，这种对学业成就的依赖让我更加害怕失败，最终阻碍了我的个人成长。A. short短缺的；B. fond喜欢的；C. fearful害怕的；D. proud骄傲的。However表示转折，上文指出学业上的出色表现给了作者成就感，结合下文“eventually holding back my personal growth”可知，这种对学业成就的依赖让作者更加害怕失败。 28．考查动词。句意：我下定决心要改变，于是再次尝试。A. speed加速；B. skip跳过；C. mature成熟；D. change改变。根据上文“However, this reliance made me more _____ of failure, eventually holding back my personal growth.”和下文“I tried again”可知，前文提到依赖成绩、惧怕失败阻碍成长，因此作者下决心做出改变。 29．考查形容词。句意：尽管在舒适区之外我并不是那么成功，但随着时间推移我还是取得了进步。A. well‑informed消息灵通的；B. successful成功的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. self-centered以自我为中心的。Although引导让步关系，后文“I improved over time”提到慢慢进步，说明一开始并不成功。 30．考查名词。句意：探索新的活动为我打开了各式各样全新的可能性。A. cultures文化；B. activities活动；C. emotions情绪；D. items物品。根据第四段“I decided to try things I’d never done before.”可知，尝试从前没做过的事，也就是探索新的各类活动。 31．考查动词。句意：我渴望继续去体验生活所给予的一切。A. desired渴望；B. seemed似乎；C. failed失败；D. hated憎恨。根据上文“I learned I could be more than what I had expected of myself.”可知，作者意识到自己比预想中更优秀，由此产生渴望去体验人生的心态。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seven gourds — in Chinese, “Hu Lu” — hanging from the vine on Chen Jin’ao’s balcony like the characters in the classic Chinese animation The Calabash Brothers brought unexpected warmth and soon attracted attention. Since a visitor shared their photographs on social media, the gourds 32   (transform) Chen’s quiet home into a place filled with laughter and friendly greetings. Each of the gourds, all of 33 had a different shape, seemed to possess a character of its own. At first, only a few local residents came to have a look, and most of them remained 34 (consider), viewing the gourds from a proper distance 35   (avoid) disturbing the elderly couple. Later, people travelled to the neighbourhood 36   search of the real-life “Calabash Brothers”, hoping to photograph them and meet their elderly owner. Many 37 (passer-by) stopped beneath the balcony and called out “Grandpa Calabash”, a name that gradually became familiar to Chen. The couple had lived quietly since losing their child. The visitors greeted the couple 38   (enthusiastic), and their cheerful voices gave the home warmth that had long been missing. Instead of keeping this unexpected happiness to 39   (he), Chen frequently stepped onto the balcony, answering questions and sharing the story behind the gourds. However, the noise from crowds disturbed daily life. Local residents therefore put up a small notice, 40   gentle reminder that visitors should lower their voices and keep a proper distance. Although the gourds could not remain on the vine forever, the comfort 41   (arise) from the unexpected connection between the elderly couple and complete strangers remained, showing that a small act of care can brighten a lonely heart. 【答案】 32．have transformed 33．which 34．considerate 35．to avoid 36．in 37．passers-by 38．enthusiastically 39．himself 40．a 41．arising 【解析】本文主要讲述了陈金敖阳台上的七个葫芦意外走红，吸引了人们前来寻找现实版“葫芦兄弟”，给失去孩子的老夫妇带来了长久缺失的温暖，同时当地居民也贴心提醒访客保持适当距离的故事。 32．考查动词时态。句意：自从一位访客在社交媒体上分享了他们的照片以来，这些葫芦已经把陈安静的家变成了一个充满笑声和友好问候的地方。since引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句谓语应用现在完成时；主语the gourds 是复数，谓语用have transformed。 33．考查定语从句。句意：这些葫芦中的每一个，它们全都有着不同的形状，似乎拥有一种属于它自己的性格。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the gourds（物），空前的all of是“代词＋介词”结构，介词of后用关系代词which，且 all of which在从句中作主语。 34．考查形容词。句意：起初，只有少数当地居民前来看看，而且他们中的大多数人保持体贴，从适当的距离观看这些葫芦，以避免打扰这对老夫妇。remain在此处为系动词，后接形容词作表语，修饰主语most of them，consider的形容词形式considerate“体贴的、考虑周到的”符合题意。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，只有少数当地居民前来看看，而且他们中的大多数人保持体贴，从适当的距离观看这些葫芦，以避免打扰这对老夫妇。句中已有谓语came和remained，此处应用非谓语动词；结合句意，此处表示“为了不打扰这对老夫妇”，用动词不定式作目的状语。 36．考查介词。句意：后来，人们来到这个社区，寻找现实生活中的“葫芦兄弟”，希望给它们拍照并见到它们年迈的主人。in search of为固定短语，意为“寻找”，此处作状语。 37．考查名词复数。句意：许多路人停在阳台下方，喊出“葫芦爷爷”，这是一个逐渐被陈熟悉的称呼。Many后接可数名词复数，passer-by的复数形式为passers-by。 38．考查副词。句意：访客们热情地问候这对夫妇，他们欢快的声音给这个家带来了长久以来一直缺失的温暖。此处修饰谓语动词greeted，应用副词，enthusiastic的副词形式为enthusiastically。 39．考查代词。句意：陈没有把这份意外的快乐留给他自己，而是经常走到阳台上，回答问题并分享这些葫芦背后的故事。keep sth. to oneself 意为“把……留给自己”，主语是Chen，与介词to后的宾语指同一人，应用反身代词himself。 40．考查冠词。句意：当地居民因此张贴了一张小告示，一个温和的提醒，提醒访客应该降低声音并保持适当的距离。空后为可数名词单数reminder，此处表示泛指“一个温和的提醒”，且gentle以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管这些葫芦不能永远留在藤上，但由这对老夫妇与完全陌生的人之间这份意外联系所产生的慰藉留存了下来，表明一个小小的关怀之举能够照亮一颗孤独的心。本句已有谓语remained，此处应用非谓语动词；comfort与arise之间为主动关系，用现在分词arising作后置定语。 四、应用文写作 42．假定你是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”。请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信，邀请他一同体验，内容包括： 1. 位置与开放时间； 2. 室内设施和功能。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Michael, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Michael, Good news! Recently, a newly furnished section, consisting of eight group learning rooms, has been open to us students in our school library. Located on the second floor beside the online reading rooms, it can be accessible from 7:00 am till 9:00 pm throughout the weekdays. Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet. It’s really convenient for us to do some group projects. Why not ask our group members to go and experience it? I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 要求考生以李华的身份写信邀请留学生同学Michael一同体验学校图书馆新开设的“小组学习室”，并介绍其位置、开放时间及室内设施功能。 1.词汇积累 配备有：be equipped with→be outfitted with 可使用的：accessible→available 设备：facility→equipment 和……相连接：be linked to→be interfaced with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Recently, a newly furnished section, consisting of eight group learning rooms, has been open to us students in our school library. 拓展句：Recently, a newly furnished section which consists of eight group learning rooms has been open to us students in our school library. 【高分句型1】Located on the second floor beside the online reading rooms, it can be accessible from 7:00 am till 9:00 pm throughout the weekdays.（运用了过去分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet.（运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 形容词与副词 【析】学考考查要点|【汇】知识清单盘点|【研】核心专题精讲|【练】巩固提升训练 —— 目 录 —— 析|学考考查要点 汇|知识清单盘点 研|核心专题精讲 知识点一 形容词 知识点二 副词 练|巩固提升训练 一、知识框架（考点地图） 表1 形容词与副词考点总览 模块 核心内容 高考考查方式 概念辨析 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词/形容词/副词 语法填空、短文改错 分类与位置 形容词五大类、副词六大类；修饰语位置规律 语法填空、单项选择 比较等级 规则/不规则变化、比较级句型、最高级句型 语法填空、写作 系动词用法 感官系动词后接形容词（look/sound/smell/taste/feel） 短文改错、单项选择 易混词对 hard/hardly、late/lately、deep/deeply、high/highly 等 单项选择、完形填空 写作运用 比较级与最高级高分句型 书面表达 二、概念定义 （一）形容词 形容词（adjective）用来修饰名词或代词，描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态，在句中主要作定语、表语或宾语补足语。 例句：She is a beautiful girl.（定语） 例句：The story is interesting.（表语） （二）副词 副词（adverb）用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、频度等，在句中作状语。 例句：He runs fast.（修饰动词） 例句：It is very cold.（修饰形容词） （三）核心区分 口诀：形修名，副修动/形/副。形容词修饰名词（a careful driver）；副词修饰动词（drive carefully）、形容词（extremely important）或副词（very well）。 三、要点解析 （一）形容词的分类 表2 形容词分类 类别 特点 例词 注意 性质形容词 描述特征，可作定语和表语，有比较级 beautiful, expensive 最常见的一类 表语形容词 只放在系动词后，不作前置定语 afraid, asleep, alive, alone, awake alive 可作后置定语：the man alive 定语形容词 一般只放在名词前，很少作表语 former, inner, main 注意与表语形容词区分 多个形容词排序 多个形容词修饰同一名词时有固定顺序 a beautiful small old red Chinese wooden box 口诀：限观形龄色国材 （二）副词的分类 表3 副词分类 类别 例词 说明 时间副词 now, then, recently, already 表示动作发生的时间 地点副词 here, there, abroad, upstairs 表示动作发生的地点 方式副词 carefully, quickly, quietly 多由形容词加 -ly 构成 程度副词 very, quite, rather, almost, hardly 修饰形容词或其他副词 频度副词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 位于实义动词前、be 动词/助动词后 连接副词 therefore, besides, however 用于句间逻辑衔接，写作高频 （三）以 -ly 结尾的形容词（易混） 以 -ly 结尾的词不一定是副词。friendly, lovely, lonely, lively, silly 都是形容词，不可作副词使用。 例句：She is a friendly teacher.（friendly 修饰名词，作定语） 四、核心用法 （一）位置规则 1. 形容词置于名词前；作表语时置于系动词后。 2. 副词修饰动词时置于动词后；修饰形容词、副词时放在其前。 3. 频度副词置于实义动词前、be 动词或助动词后（实前 be 后）。 例句：He runs fast. / It is very cold. / She always gets up early. （二）比较等级的变化规则 比较级与最高级是高考语法填空、短文改错与写作的必考内容，需先掌握变化规则。 表4 比较级规则变化 规则 例词 一般直接加 -er / -est tall → taller → tallest 以 e 结尾只加 -r / -st nice → nicer → nicest 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）双写尾字母 big → bigger → biggest；hot；thin；fat 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i happy → happier → happiest；easy → easier 多音节词及部分双音节词前加 more / most beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful 表5 比较级不规则变化（必背） 原级 比较级 最高级 说明 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest farther 表距离；further 表抽象“进一步” old older / elder oldest / eldest elder 只表长幼辈分，不用于 than 比较 （三）比较级常用句型 1. A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B：A 比 B 更…… 例句：The new car is faster than the old one. 2. 比较级 + and + 比较级（more and more + 多音节形容词）：越来越…… 例句：It is getting colder and colder. / Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. 3. the + 比较级, the + 比较级：越……，就越…… 例句：The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 4. 比较级的修饰词：much, far, even, still, a lot, a little 可修饰比较级；very, quite 只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。 例句：This book is much more interesting than that one. （四）最高级句型 1. the + 最高级 + in/of + 范围：在……之中最…… 例句：He is the tallest in our class. 2. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词：最……之一（写作高频） 例句：Xi’an is one of the oldest cities in China. （五）系动词后用形容词，不用副词 感官系动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel 以及 keep, stay, become, get, turn 之后应接形容词作表语，不可用副词。 正确：The flowers smell sweet. 错误：The flowers smell sweetly.（×） （六）易混配对（一词两性辨析） 表6 易混配对 词对 用法辨析 hard / hardly hard 作形容词“困难的”，作副词“努力地”；hardly 为副词“几乎不” late / lately late 作形容词/副词“迟、晚”；lately 为副词“最近” deep / deeply deep 作形容词/副词“深”（表空间）；deeply 为副词“深深地”（表情感） high / highly high 作形容词/副词“高”（表实物高度）；highly 为副词“高度地”（表抽象程度） ▲易错点汇总 1. 词性误用：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词；感官系动词后用形容词而不用副词。 2. -ly 结尾误判：friendly、lovely 等是形容词，不要误当作副词。 3. 特殊比较级辨析：elder 只表长幼、不用于 than 比较；farther 表距离，further 可表抽象“进一步”。 4. 比较级与 the：比较级前不加 the；the + 比较级只用于 the…the… 句型；最高级前一般须有 the。 5. 比较对象一致：比较的两者须同类。 例句：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（that 代替 the weather） 6.写作高分句型（可直接背诵） The more we read, the more knowledgeable we will become.（我们读得越多，知识就越丰富。） It is much more convenient to shop online nowadays.（如今网购方便得多。） This is one of the most effective ways to improve our oral English.（这是提升英语口语最有效的方法之一。） Fortunately, he recovered faster than we expected.（幸运的是，他恢复得比我们预想的更快。） 单项选择 1. The little girl looked ______ at the broken toy and felt ______. A. sadly; sad B. sad; sadly C. sad; sad D. sadly; sadly 2. It is ______ to travel by train than by plane. A. much cheap B. more cheaper C. much cheaper D. more cheap 3. Of all the students, Li Ming is ______. A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. tallest 4. The ______ you practice, the ______ progress you will make. A. much; great B. more; greater C. many; great D. most; greatest 5. He is a ______ man. He always treats others ______. A. friendly; kindly B. friend; kind C. friendly; kind D. friend; kindly 6. We need ______ information for our research. A. farther B. further C. far D. farthest 7. She can ______ finish the work on time because she has ______ time left. A. hardly; hardly B. hard; hard C. hardly; hard D. hard; hardly 8. This is one of ______ cities in China. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful 9. The apple tastes ______ and sells ______. A. well; well B. good; good C. good; well D. well; good 10. —How is your new teacher? —He is ______ to us. A. lovely B. happily C. friendly D. lively 1．________ the treatment (治疗) is given, the better the patient’s chances are. A．Early B．Earlier C．The earlier D．The earliest 2．The 15th National Games is ________ than before because Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao host it together. A．special B．more special C．most special D．the most special 3．My ________ sister is eighteen years ________. She’s two years ________ than me. A．elder; old; older B．old; old; elder C．older; old; elder D．elder; older; old 4．— Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? — Certainly. We can buy ________ one than this, but ________ this. A．a worse; as good as B．a better; not better than C．a more expensive; not as good as D．a cheaper; as good as 5．Shakespeare ________ in writing many great plays and he was a ________ playwright (剧作家). A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeeded; successful D．successfully; successful 6．—Do you think English is ________ maths? —No, I think English is easier. A．the most difficult B．difficult than C．as difficult than D．as difficult as 7．Sam doesn’t write ________ Mary, but his maths is ________ than hers. A．as good as; well B．as good as; best C．as well as; good D．as well as; better 8．—Why do you speak in ________? —Because I want to make myself heard clearly. A．such a loud voice B．so loud voice C．such loud voice D．so a loud voice 9．—Roy doesn’t like junk food. —________. That’s probably why I’m becoming ________ now. A．Me too; more and more healthily B．Neither do I; healthier and healthier C．Me neither; weaker and weaker D．So do I; healthy and weak 10．Which do you like ________, the red pen, the green pen or the blue pen? A．good B．best C．better D．well 11．Of all the boys, Bill spent ________ time and made ________ mistakes. A．less…fewer B．the least…the fewest C．fewer…fewer D．much…many 12．Tom looked really ________ as he looked at the other students ________. A．angry; angrily B．angry; angry C．angrily; angrily D．well; angry 13．We should always remember that ________ we are, ________ grades we’ll get. A．the more careful; the best B．the more carefully; the best C．the more careful; the better D．the more carefully; the better 14．Grace is ________ than I, and she is one of ________ students in our class. A．the most hard-working; the most hard-working B．more hard-working; more hard-working C．more hard-working; the most hard-working D．the most hard-working; more hard-working 15．—I was late for school again this morning. I really hope there is ________ traffic on the road. —Yeah, ________ cars on the road, ________ traffic there will be. A．less; fewer; less B．fewer; less; fewer C．fewer; the less; the fewer D．less; the fewer; the less 16．People always see things in ________ ways, so they may describe the same person ________. A．difference; differently B．different; differently C．differently; different D．differently; difference 17．My sister is a ________ girl. She always finishes everything ________. A．careful, carefully B．careful, careful C．carefully, careful D．carefully, carefully 18．—You look so ________. What’s the good news? —I just got an A in my English exam. A．happily B．happy C．happiness D．unhappy 19．My skill is not as ________ as yours. A．good B．well C．better D．best 20．The children are so ________ about the ________ football match. A．exciting; excited B．excited; exciting C．exciting; exciting D．excited; excited 21．The ________ you listen to teachers in class, the ________ your understanding of lessons will be. A．more careful; better B．more carefully; clearer C．more carefully; easier D．more careful; deeper 22．—Why did Mr. Wu choose Jack to do the class project? —Because he always does things ________ than others in his class. A．more careful B．less careful C．less carefully D．more carefully 23．When you walk ________ at night, why don’t you sing ________ to make yourself brave? A．alone; loud B．lonely; quietly C．lonely; loudly D．alone; quiet 24．He works ________ than me, but he doesn’t work ________ in our team. A．harder; the harder B．harder; the hardest C．more hard; the most hard D．hard; the harder 25．I like playing soccer ________ than anything else. I decide to work as ________ as a soccer player. A．much; hard B．more; hard C．much; harder D．more; harder 训练 一、单词拼写 1．The man lost in the desert was d______ for water. 2．What he said this morning was r________ to the accident happening last Sunday. 3．It’'s e_________ to me that they have no experience in this work because they are very clumsy. 4．A_______in painting,John didn’t notice evening approaching. 5．I would be g__________ if you could give me some help. 6．After being told that they shouldn’t pick flowers in the park, the two girls felt g_________ and promised not to do that again. 7．It’s i__________ to read people’s private letters without permission. 8．China, suffering a lot in the past, has grown up into a powerful country in the c__________ world. 9．The system should focus on not only children’s study but also on their a__________ development. 10．Too much use of e__________ products contributes to children being shortsighted. 11．Out of work for 3 months, he decided to hunt for a t__________ job to support himself. 12．Those were t____ moments while we were waiting for the winner’s name to be announced in the games. 13．Users will become a___________ to crack cocaine if they smoke it. 14．The secretary arranged a c____ time and place for all the applicants to have an interview. 15．The students are asked to write a b__________ description, no more than 80 words. 16．He was very e______to hear people speak ill of him in public. 17．Mary’s been very d______and upset about this whole situation. 18．Christmas actually started as a r______festival celebrated by Christians around the world. 19．The suffering has affected both her mental and p___ health. 20．She always has a busy day and gets home at midnight, completely e___________. 21．Many people were a_______waiting outside the hospital, hoping to get further information about those injured in Longyan bus incident. 22．Mr. Young told Simon c______ he had done a good job and he should keep on doing like that. 23．P____________, I don’t care what I can get from playing music. I just love music. 24．It was a long journey, but we e______________ arrived. 25．Do as you are told to, o________ you will be in real trouble. 26．He worked hard for a while, but e________ he got tired of trying so hard. 27．Some dogs are trained to help people who are v________ impaired. 28．With the popularity of Zhuhai Chime Long Ocean Kingdom, more local employments will be created, p________ in service industries. 29．After the terrible earthquake, the village was destroyed e________. 30．Changjiang River runs through hills and valleys and f________ enters the East China Sea. 二、单项选择 31． The movie ________ we waited for a long time was not interesting, which made us very ________. A．that; disappointing B．what; disappointed C．that; disappointed D．what; disappointing 32．At the school meeting, the headmaster suggests the teachers receive ________ education to catch up with the ________ development. A．farther; late B．farther; latest C．further; late D．further; latest 33．Our new classroom is ________ than the old one. A．very bigger B．much bigger C．more big D．much more bigger 34．A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ________. A．unsatisfying B．to be unsatisfying C．unsatisfied D．being unsatisfied 35．An old man ________ on the side of the road was found ________, and he was sent to the hospital by the bus driver and passengers immediately. A．lies; dies B．lay; died C．lain; dead D．lying; dying 36．________ and nervous, I can’t concentrate on anything in the meeting. A．Embarrassing B．Embarrassed C．To embarrass D．Embarrass 37．—Which river is ________, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River? —The Yangtze River. It is the third ________ river in the world. A．longer; long B．longest; long C．longest; longer D．longer; longest 38．My grandfather is ________ person I have ever known, for he keeps teaching me how to garden again and again. A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient 39．—________ you practise, ________ mistakes you will make. —Yes. Practice makes perfect. A．The more; the more B．Less; fewer C．The more; less D．The more; the fewer 40．I have no idea how to organize the event with ________ money and ________ people. A．less; fewer B．fewer; less C．fewer; more D．more; less 41．No clothes are ________ than those in Dream Clothes. The clothes there are ________ in our town. A．bad; bad B．the worst; worse C．worst; worse D．worse; the worst 42．There is ________ space for wildlife. As a result, there will be ________ rare birds in the world. A．fewer and fewer; less and less B．less and less; fewer and fewer C．more and more; less and less D．fewer and fewer; more and more 43．Shanghai is larger than ________ in China and ________ in Jiangsu Province. A．any of the other cities; any city B．other cities; the other cities C．the other cities; any other city D．any other city; other cities 44．—What do you think of Kunming No. 10 Middle School? —I think it is ________ than any other school, and the teachers work as ________ as bees. A．beautiful; hard B．more beautiful; harder C．beautiful; harder D．more beautiful; hard 45．He has a garden ________ flowers in it. A．is full of B．filled with C．full of D．B / C 46．It is raining ______ outside, and the weather will get even ______ in the afternoon. A．hard; bad B．hardly; badly C．hard; worse D．hardly; better 47．It is ________ for us to keep a balanced diet and exercise regularly every day. A．importance B．important C．importantly D．more importantly 48．I’m only ________ to meet you here! A．too pleased B．so pleased C．very pleased D．much pleased 49．The new library is ________ used by students because it provides modern learning tools. A．wide B．widely C．wider D．more widely 50．You’d better read the instructions ________ before you use the new machine. A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．much carefully 51．She listens to the teacher ________ of all the students. A．more careful B．the most careful C．more carefully D．the most carefully 52．Don’t let the child who is ________ go to school. A．so young as to B．not old enough to C．not old enough D．too young to 53．—Who listened to the teacher___________, Tom, Jack or Bill? —Bill. A．more carefully B．more careful C．most carefully D．most careful 54．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The concert was ________. A．incredibly loud B．incredibly loudly C．incredible loud D．incredible loudly 55．Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: He spoke ________ during the meeting. A．fluently B．fluent C．fluency D．fluently spoken 56．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The painting was ________. A．incredibly beautiful B．incredibly beauty C．incredible beautiful D．incredible beauty 57．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The sunset was ________. A．breathtakingly beautiful B．breathtaking beauty C．breathtaking beautiful D．breathtaking beautyfully 58．Linda speaks and all of us believe she will win the contest. A．good enough B．well enough C．enough good D．enough well 59．After hundreds of failed experiments, Tu Youyou and her team ________ discovered artemisinin, the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria (疟疾). A．success B．succeed C．successful D．successfully 60．You drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to ________. A．pick up B．picking up C．pick it up D．picking it up 61．The teacher was ___________ happy ___________ hear the news that White had been admitted to a university. A．too... to... B．so... that... C．not only... but also... D．such... that... 62．Sunday roast __________of roast meat, roast potatoes and vegetables is a traditional Britain main meal, __________ served on Sunday. A．consists; incredibly B．consisted; slightly C．consisted; originally D．consisting; typically 63．Tom is a difficult guy. All of my friends don’t like him, and _______. A．so do I B．so I do C．I don’t like him, too D．I don’t like him, either 64．The houses of rich and important people were very large and ______ decorated while poor people’s houses were smaller and plainer. A．beautifully B．beautiful C．beauty D．beautify 65．He felt ________ when ________ before his classmate. A．embarrassing; making fun B．embarrassing; to be made fun of C．embarrassed; made fun of D．embarrassed; being made fun 66．A __________ look could be noticed on the boy's face, __________ that it was hard to work out the maths problem. A．confused; suggesting B．confusing; suggesting C．confusing; suggested D．confused; suggested 67．The rescue team, mainly ______ local volunteers, tried to find the ______ child in the forest. A．was made up of; lost B．made up of; losing C．making up of; losing D．made up of; lost 68．At the back yard, we found the old fisherman _________ on a bench with a _________ face. A．seating; worrying B．seating; worried C．sitting; worrying D．seated; worried 69．All of audience were _________ by the _________ question _________ by a six-year-old boy. A．puzzled; puzzling; risen B．puzzling; puzzled; raised C．puzzled; puzzling; raised D．puzzled; puzzled; risen 70．In the students hall, we all remained , waiting for the professor to give a lecture. A．seating B．to seat C．seated D．seat 一、阅读理解 A At its 20th regular meeting in India’s capital, a UNESCO committee decided to move China’s “Hezhen Yimakan storytelling” (赫哲族的“伊玛堪说唱”) from the Urgent (急需的) Protection List to the World Representative List of Intangible (非物质) Cultural Heritage. In recognition of the great progress made in preserving this tradition, the committee also decided to include the protection program for Hezhen Yimakan storytelling in the Register of Good Protection Practices. This achievement marks a successful transition of a heritage project into the representative list. It’s also the first example of a project that has been transitioned and added to the Register of Good Protection Practices at the same time. China now has 45 projects included in UNESCO intangible cultural heritage lists, the highest number of entries of any country in the world. The Hezhe people live in the Heilong‑Songhua‑Ussuri‑River region of northeastern China. With a population of just over 5,000, they are among China’s smallest ethnic (民族的) groups. Yimakan storytelling is a rich oral tradition that has been passed down through generations. It is performed in the Hezhe language. It mixes spoken stories with singing to share the history, hero tales, fishing and hunting life, traditions, and values of the Hezhe people. This tradition plays a key role in recording history, educating future generations, and providing fun. Since it was added to the Urgent Protection List in 2011, many have synergized to help this tradition. Community members, artists, schools, cultural centers, and government bodies have all made efforts to make sure it stays alive and becomes better known. In December 2023, China sent a report to UNESCO about how this cultural heritage was being protected, and asked to move it to the Representative List. In December 2024, the committee reviewed and agreed with the report. They praised China’s efforts and encouraged people to keep doing and pass it on, stressing that the local community should take part in protecting it. 1．What led UNESCO to move Hezhen Yimakan storytelling to the Representative List? A．It no longer faces any risk of disappearing. B．Its protection had produced remarkable results. C．It had become popular in neighboring countries. D．It had been adapted into a modern performance style. 2．What function does Yimakan storytelling mainly serve for the Hezhe people? A．It helps keep their language from dying out. B．It takes the place of written historical records. C．It records their history and passes on their values. D．It attracts tourists and supports the local economy. 3．What does the underlined word “synergized” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Observed actively. B．Taught carefully. C．Controlled seriously. D．Work jointly. 4．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To highlight UNESCO’s recognition for China’s efforts. B．To show the strict standards for UNESCO heritage lists. C．To compare China’s heritage protection with other countries’. D．To emphasize the importance of local community participation. B On a snowy morning in Stockholm, the Candela C‑8 looks like a standard speedboat. Once it picks up speed, something extraordinary happens: the hull (船体) lifts entirely out of the water, “flying” half a meter above the surface. This is the new generation of electric hydrofoils (水翼船). They are ideal for urban transport, says Gustav Hasselskog, the founder of Candela technology company. They are quiet, emission‑free and cheap to run — the C‑8’s cost per mile is about 5% of that of a traditional speedboat. In many cities, to reduce the disturbance caused by large waves, boats are usually speed‑limited. Hydrofoils, however, cause almost no wave and thus travel faster. Hasselskog believes they could reshape urban transport by shifting traffic from blocked roads to underused waterways, which he terms “blue highways”. The Candela C‑8 is supported by three thin, red struts (支柱), which are linked to two underwater wings that turn forward motion into lift. By lifting the hull out of the water, the boat reduces drag by as much as 80 percent, saving a huge amount of energy. Sensors around the boat measure waves and control systems adjust the wings 100 times a second, providing such a solid, smooth ride that the boat feels as though it is on rails. The power needed to drive a hydrofoil varies directly with its mass, so minimizing a hull’s overall weight is also of importance. The wings must be small enough to reduce drag and strong enough to bear the boat’s weight. The solution is to borrow from aerospace and motor racing, and use carbon fiber. As for motors, Candela now has a partnership with makers of electric vehicles, allowing electric boats to use standard fast‑chargers designed for cars. The potential impact is significant with nearly half of the world’s population living in coastal regions where cities are often stuck in traffic. While large traditional public boats will still be needed for heavy routes, on short passenger‑only routes in cities, electric hydrofoils may be about to take off. 5．What is Gustav Hasselskog’s main expectation for the Candela C‑8? A．To cut down the cost of sea travelling. B．To help develop local coastal tourism. C．To improve urban transportation patterns. D．To push for more road construction projects. 6．What contributes most to the Candela C‑8’s high energy‑saving performance? A．Its three thin red struts. B．Its underwater wings. C．Its surrounding sensors. D．Its energy supply system. 7．What can we learn about large traditional public boats from the last paragraph? A．They still have their place on heavy‑duty routes. B．They are more promising than electric hydrofoils. C．They ought to be gradually replaced by new boats. D．Their technical performance needs improving badly. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Carbon Fiber: Material for Hydrofoil Construction B．Conventional Speedboats: Drawbacks and High Costs C．Candela C‑8: Perfect Choice for Heavy‑Duty Shipping D．Electric Hydrofoils: New Hope for Urban Traffic Jams C Scientists have long believed that plants are silent living things, unable to send out sounds when they suffer physical damage or resource shortage. Yet a recent research carried out by a group of plant biologists has overturned this common idea. The team set up sensitive (灵敏的) recording devices inside a lab to collect hidden biological signals from common crops like tomato and tobacco plants. When plants were short of water or suffered cuts on their stems (茎), they produced ultrasonic (超声的) clicks continuously. These sounds are far beyond the frequency that human ears can catch, so people cannot hear them directly in daily life. With highly sensitive special microphones, researchers managed to record and analyze these faint (微弱的) noises accurately. Further repeated experiments showed that the number of clicks changed obviously according to different living conditions. Dehydrated (脱水的) tomato plants made far more clicking sounds than well-watered and healthy ones. The scientists also found that different kinds of environmental stress could lead to distinct sound patterns. This discovery suggested that plants might be giving away information about their health state through these ultrasonic noises. At present, the research is still at its initial (初步的) stage. It is too early to confirm whether other creatures in nature can receive and respond to such plant sounds. Nevertheless, the finding offers promising practical value for modern farming. In the future, farmers may use special equipment to monitor crop conditions in real time. Instead of checking every field in person, they can judge drought damage and growth problems simply by listening to these special plant signals. This could greatly improve the efficiency of agricultural supervision (监管). 9．What is the new discovery of the plant biologists? A．Human ears can hear plants’ soft sounds. B．Plants can produce ultrasonic clicks under stress. C．Tomato plants recover quickly after getting water. D．Tobacco plants are less sensitive to water shortage. 10．What does the underlined word “giving away” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Hiding. B．Explaining. C．Revealing. D．Correcting. 11．What can we learn about the present-day research? A．It has been widely applied on farms. B．It has already solved crop-growing problems. C．It proves animals react to plant sounds. D．It still needs further exploration. 12．What benefit may the finding bring to agriculture in the future? A．Farmers can monitor crop health more efficiently. B．Farmers can reduce the kinds of farm crops. C．Crops will no longer suffer from water shortage. D．Crops will send audible warning sounds automatically. D When we look at traditional Chinese art and classical Western art, we are faced with two valuable yet very different systems of artistic expression. Each has developed under its own cultural background and carries special ideas about the world. Traditional Chinese brush paintings attach great importance to symbolism and harmony. Rooted in ancient Chinese philosophy, Chinese landscape works seldom aim to copy real scenery exactly. Instead, they try to show people’s inner spiritual connection with nature. Time seems to stand still inside these ink-washed (水墨的) mountains and rivers. Artists are not simply recording what they see; they are conveying (传达) quiet thought and wisdom. Classical Western art, especially works from the Renaissance (文艺复兴), follows a path of realism (现实主义). Western painters devoted themselves to detailed description. With skilled control of light and shadow, they built up a three-dimensional visual effect. Many of their masterpieces (杰作) record historical events or honour human achievement. Their goal is to freeze a specific moment of reality on the canvas. Some people argue that one style is better than the other. Actually, neither should be judged by the standards of the other. Chinese ink landscapes are not failures for lacking sharp details; Western realistic works are not superior just because of their lifelike appearance. These differences come from how each culture understands humans and the universe. It is unwise to rank them. By appreciating both forms of art, viewers can get a fuller view of human creative power. 13．What is a major feature of traditional Chinese brush paintings? A．They record real-life historical events in detail. B．They stress the spiritual link between humans and nature. C．They apply light-shadow skills to create 3D effects. D．They copy natural scenery with extreme accuracy. 14．What can we learn about Renaissance-era Western paintings? A．They attempt to preserve certain moments of reality. B．They focus on timeless inner thinking. C．They are created mainly with ink and water. D．They prefer to show quiet wisdom in mountains. 15．What opinion does the author hold concerning the two art forms? A．Chinese art should learn from Western realistic skills. B．Western classical art is obviously of higher value. C．Cultural differences in art will gradually disappear. D．We ought not to set up a single standard to judge them. 16．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A．The Rise and Fall of Traditional Chinese Ink Paintings B．Why Western Realism Changed Renaissance Art C．Comparing Two Distinct Artistic Traditions D．How Cultural Background Ruins Art Creation 二、完形填空 Growing up, I thought my life was unremarkable. My childhood was marked by a lack of friendships, and even when I formed them, I 17 to maintain them, often letting them fade (淡去) as the school year progressed. This difficulty 18 in high school, despite my improvement from a C average to A grades. My classmates increasingly asked for my academic help, which left me 19 : Even though I really valued being 20 , I worried my identity depended only on being the “Smart Kid”. Later, I started to push myself outside of my comfort zone. I decided to try things I’d never done before. However, when I failed on my first 21 , I convinced myself that I’d never 22 a goal. It was the same thing that happened when I tried making 23 . Once the good days of the friendship came to a(n) 24 , we’d grow distant, and I wouldn’t bother to 25 , because I didn’t know the meaning of trying. Performing well 26 gave me a sense of achievement I hadn’t experienced before. However, this reliance made me more 27 of failure, eventually holding back my personal growth. Determined to 28 , I tried again. Although I wasn’t as 29 outside my comfort zone, I improved over time. Exploring new 30 opened me to new and different possibilities. I learned I could be more than what I had expected of myself. I 31 to keep experiencing what life had to offer. 17．A．struggled B．refused C．hesitated D．managed 18．A．declined B．happened C．continued D．appeared 19．A．fascinated B．abandoned C．exhausted D．conflicted 20．A．charming B．reliable C．noisy D．flexible 21．A．routine B．application C．attempt D．performance 22．A．cancel B．achieve C．treasure D．obey 23．A．friends B．money C．plans D．progress 24．A．conclusion B．agreement C．realization D．end 25．A．show up B．give in C．work out D．reach out 26．A．academically B．scientifically C．mentally D．socially 27．A．short B．fond C．fearful D．proud 28．A．speed B．skip C．mature D．change 29．A．well-informed B．successful C．cautious D．self-centered 30．A．cultures B．activities C．emotions D．items 31．A．desired B．seemed C．failed D．hated 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seven gourds — in Chinese, “Hu Lu” — hanging from the vine on Chen Jin’ao’s balcony like the characters in the classic Chinese animation The Calabash Brothers brought unexpected warmth and soon attracted attention. Since a visitor shared their photographs on social media, the gourds 32   (transform) Chen’s quiet home into a place filled with laughter and friendly greetings. Each of the gourds, all of 33 had a different shape, seemed to possess a character of its own. At first, only a few local residents came to have a look, and most of them remained 34 (consider), viewing the gourds from a proper distance 35   (avoid) disturbing the elderly couple. Later, people travelled to the neighbourhood 36   search of the real-life “Calabash Brothers”, hoping to photograph them and meet their elderly owner. Many 37 (passer-by) stopped beneath the balcony and called out “Grandpa Calabash”, a name that gradually became familiar to Chen. The couple had lived quietly since losing their child. The visitors greeted the couple 38   (enthusiastic), and their cheerful voices gave the home warmth that had long been missing. Instead of keeping this unexpected happiness to 39   (he), Chen frequently stepped onto the balcony, answering questions and sharing the story behind the gourds. However, the noise from crowds disturbed daily life. Local residents therefore put up a small notice, 40   gentle reminder that visitors should lower their voices and keep a proper distance. Although the gourds could not remain on the vine forever, the comfort 41   (arise) from the unexpected connection between the elderly couple and complete strangers remained, showing that a small act of care can brighten a lonely heart. 四、应用文写作 42．假定你是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”。请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信，邀请他一同体验，内容包括： 1. 位置与开放时间； 2. 室内设施和功能。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Michael, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $